Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| ectomycorrhization of tricholoma matsutake and two major conifers in finland-an assessment of in vitro mycorrhiza formation. | this study aimed to test the ability of tricholoma matsutake isolates to form mycorrhizas with aseptic seedlings of pinus sylvestris l. and picea abies (l.) karst. germinated seedlings of scots pine and norway spruce were separately inoculated with either isolates originating from finland or japan. eight months after inoculation, the finnish isolate had formed a sheath and hartig net on both host species. ectomycorrhizal scots pine seedlings inoculated with the finnish isolate showed the same sh ... | 2010 | 20177716 |
| impact of experimentally elevated ozone on seed germination and growth of russian pine (pinus sylvestris) and spruce (picea spp.) provenances. | the impact of elevated ozone concentrations on early ontogenetic stages of pine (pinus sylvestris) and spruce (picea abies, picea obovata, p. abies x p. obovata) seedlings originating from different provenances in russia were studied in the open-field ozone fumigation system located in kuopio, finland, over a span of 2 y. the aot40 value (accumulated ozone dose over the threshold 40 ppb during daylight hours) was 11 ppm hr per growing season, which was 1.4 times higher than the ambient air conce ... | 2009 | 20175444 |
| determination of fungal diseases, site and stand characteristics in mixed stands in ilgaz-yenice forest district, cankiri, turkey. | fungal diseases, site and stand characteristics were investigated in yenice forest sub-district headquarters belonging to ilgaz forest enterprise. diseases and wood decaying fungi on fallen and cut tree stumps were determined on scots pine (pinus sylvestris), crimean pine (p. nigra subsp. nigra varcaramanica), and uludag fir (abies nordmanniana subsp. bommulleriana). altitude (m), exposure, slope (%), relief, rate of mixture (%) and anthropogenic effects were noted for 56 sample plots which have ... | 2009 | 20120498 |
| effect of irrigation on needle morphology, shoot and stem growth in a drought-exposed pinus sylvestris forest. | in valais, switzerland, scots pines (pinus sylvestris l.) are declining, mainly following drought. to assess the impact of drought on tree growth and survival, an irrigation experiment was initiated in 2003 in a mature pine forest, approximately doubling the annual precipitation. tree crown transparency (lack of foliage) and leaf area index (lai) were annually assessed. seven irrigated and six control trees were felled in 2006, and needles, stem discs and branches were taken for growth analysis. ... | 2010 | 20067912 |
| determination of de novo and pool emissions of terpenes from four common boreal/alpine trees by 13co2 labelling and ptr-ms analysis. | boreal forests emit a large amount of monoterpenes into the atmosphere. traditionally these emissions are assumed to originate as evaporation from large storage pools. thus, their diurnal cycle would depend mostly on temperature. however, there is indication that a significant part of the monoterpene emission would originate directly from de novo synthesis. by applying 13co2 fumigation and analyzing the isotope fractions with proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (ptr-ms) and classical gc-m ... | 2010 | 20040067 |
| underestimation of terpene exposure in the nordic wood industry. | this study determined that emission of sesquiterpenes from processed wood warrants attention in the work environment. currently, only the monoterpenes in the terpene group are monitored in occupational hygiene studies. terpene emissions are a work environment issue for industries that process wood, as they are known to cause respiratory difficulties and mucous membrane irritation. fresh sawdust of the most common boreal conifers, norway spruce (picea abies) and scots pine (pinus sylvestris), was ... | 2010 | 20029714 |
| are pine plantations valid tools for restoring mediterranean forests? an assessment along abiotic and biotic gradients. | the ecological impacts of forest plantations are a focus of intense debate, from studies that consider plantations as "biological deserts" to studies showing positive effects on plant diversity and dynamics. this lack of consensus might be influenced by the scarcity of studies that examine how the ecological characteristics of plantations vary along abiotic and biotic gradients. here we conducted a large-scale assessment of plant regeneration and diversity in plantations of southern spain. tree ... | 2009 | 20014583 |
| scots pine (pinus sylvestris) bark composition and degradation by fungi: potential substrate for bioremediation. | the composition of scots pine bark, its degradation, and the production of hydrolytic and ligninolytic enzymes were evaluated during 90 days of incubation with phanerochaete velutina and stropharia rugosoannulata. the aim was to evaluate if pine bark can be a suitable fungal substrate for bioremediation applications. the original pine bark contained 45% lignin, 25% cellulose, and 15% hemicellulose. resin acids were the most predominant lipophilic extractives, followed by sitosterol and unsaturat ... | 2010 | 20005699 |
| logging residue removal after thinning in boreal forests: long-term impact on the nutrient status of norway spruce and scots pine needles. | the aim of this study was to compare how conventional stem harvesting (ch) and whole-tree harvesting (wth) in the first, and in some cases also in the second, thinning affect the needle nutrient status of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) and norway spruce (picea abies (l.) karst.) stands in finland. a series of 12 long-term field experiments was studied. the experiments were established during 1978-86. the effects of logging residue removal after thinnings on the needle nutrient concentrations w ... | 2010 | 19934174 |
| [effects of vegetation cover on physical and chemical properties of bio-crust and under-layer soil in horqin sand land]. | to understand the effects of different vegetation cover on the bio-crust and its under-layer soil in horqin sand land, the bio-crust and 0-5 cm soil samples in artemisia frigida, salix microstachya, populus simonii, and pinus sylvestris var. mongolica stands were collected, and their physical and chemical properties were studied. after fifteen years enclosure protection and vegetation establishment, the flowing sand dune in most natural and artificial vegetation sites was covered with bio-crusts ... | 2009 | 19899467 |
| plastic bimodal xylogenesis in conifers from continental mediterranean climates. | *seasonal radial-increment and xylogenesis data can help to elucidate how climate modulates wood formation in conifers. few xylogenesis studies have assessed how plastic xylogenesis is in sympatric conifer species from continental mediterranean areas, where low winter temperatures and summer drought constrain growth. *here, we analysed intra-annual patterns of secondary growth in sympatric conifer species (juniperus thurifera, pinus halepensis and pinus sylvestris). two field sites (xeric and me ... | 2010 | 19895415 |
| estimating tree bole volume using artificial neural network models for four species in turkey. | tree bole volumes of 89 scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), 96 brutian pine (pinus brutia ten.), 107 cilicica fir (abies cilicica carr.) and 67 cedar of lebanon (cedrus libani a. rich.) trees were estimated using artificial neural network (ann) models. neural networks offer a number of advantages including the ability to implicitly detect complex nonlinear relationships between input and output variables, which is very helpful in tree volume modeling. two different neural network architectures wer ... | 2010 | 19880241 |
| different patterns of genetic structure of relict and isolated populations of endangered peat-bog pine (pinus uliginosa neumann). | recent changes in environmental conditions in populations of peat-bog pine (pinus uliginosa neumann) caused rapid decline or even extinction of the species in several stands in central europe. conservation strategies for p. uliginosa require information about the evolutionary history and genetic structure of its populations. using isozymes we assessed the genetic structure of p. uliginosa from four isolated stands in poland and compared the results to genetic structures of other closely related ... | 2009 | 19875883 |
| time-of-flight remote detection mri of thermally modified wood. | we demonstrate that time-of-flight (tof) remote detection (rd) magnetic resonance imaging (mri) provides detailed information about physical changes in wood due to thermal modification that is not available with conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) based techniques. in the experiments, xenon gas was forced to flow through pinus sylvestris pine wood samples, and the flow paths and dispersion of gas atoms were observed by measuring (129)xe tof rd mri images from the samples. mri sensitivi ... | 2010 | 19857978 |
| the influence of dissolved organic carbon on sorption of heavy metals on urea-treated pine bark. | a previous study showed considerably higher metal adsorption by urea-treated pine bark (utb) compared to non-treated bark (ntb) at metal adsorption from their individual relatively concentrated solutions. comparison of the sorption characteristics of the two pine barks at low but environmentally relevant metal concentrations, and investigation of the influence of ph and dissolved organic carbon (doc) on the sorption process are the aims of the present study. sorption of cu(2+), ni(2+), zn(2+) an ... | 2010 | 19836133 |
| distribution of 210pb and 210po concentrations in wild berries and mushrooms in boreal forest ecosystems. | the activity concentrations and distribution of 210pb and 210po in wild berries and edible mushrooms were investigated in finnish forests. the main study areas were located in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) forests in southern and northern finland. the activity concentrations of 210pb and 210po in blueberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) and lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea l.) samples decreased in the order: stems>leaves>berries (i.e. fruits). the activity ratios of 210po/210pb in the wild berry ... | 2009 | 19800659 |
| interpretation of stem co2 efflux measurements. | it is known that stem co2 efflux differs somewhat both temporally and spatially from actual stem respiration, but relations between these two are not fully understood. a physical model of co2 diffusion and advection by xylem sap flow is developed to interpret the co2 flux signal from the stem. model predictions are compared against measured co2 efflux data from a field-grown 16-m pinus sylvestris l. tree. the ratio of co2 efflux to co2 production is predicted to be much larger in the upper part ... | 2009 | 19773338 |
| molecular analysis of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete communities in a pinus sylvestris l. stand reveals long-term increased diversity after removal of litter and humus layers. | abstract the number of fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal species in pine forests in the netherlands has decreased dramatically in recent decades. this decrease has been attributed to an increase in nitrogen deposition and the accumulation of litter and humus. the effects of sod cutting and the removal of litter and humus, to restore ectomycorrhizal diversity in a scots pine forest in dwingeloo, the netherlands, were investigated previously from 1990 to 1993. removal of the litter and humus resu ... | 2003 | 19719606 |
| characterisation of bacteria from pinus sylvestris-suillus luteus mycorrhizas and their effects on root-fungus interactions and plant growth. | bacteria from pinus sylvestris-suillus luteus mycorrhizas were isolated, characterised, and their effects on p. sylvestris-s. luteus interactions and plant growth investigated in vitro. the isolates formed five distinct phenotypic and physiological groups. two of the groups, accounting for 34 of the 55 isolates, consisted of bacillus spp., with three subgroups represented. the other groups contained burkholderia spp., serratia spp. and pseudomonas spp. representatives from each bacterial group w ... | 2002 | 19709201 |
| dichotomization of mycorrhizal and npa-treated short roots in pinus sylvestris. | conifers like scots pine (pinus sylvestris) have a complicated root system consisting of morphologically and anatomically different root types, of which the short roots have a very limited ability to elongate. short roots have an important role in nature since they are able to establish ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, in which the growth of fungal mycelium between the epidermal cells and in the intercellular space between cortical cells leads to formation of dichotomous short roots, which may, throug ... | 2008 | 19704726 |
| ultrasonic emissions from conifer xylem exposed to repeated freezing. | ultrasonic emission measurements enable the analysis of xylem cavitation induced by drought and freeze-thaw events. several studies have indicated that ultrasonic acoustic emissions (uae) in conifers occur upon freezing and not upon thawing, although classical theory has postulated gas bubble formation during freezing and cavitation during thawing. we analyzed the pattern and quality of freeze-thaw-induced uae in seven conifers (abies alba, larix decidua, juniperus communis, picea abies, pinus c ... | 2010 | 19692146 |
| eriophyoid mites (acari: eriophyoidea) on coniferous trees: is the occurrence of one species associated with the other? | although eriophyoidea is one of the most important phytophagous mite taxa owing to its negative impact on plants, reports on associations between occurrences of eriophyoid species are scarce. the aim of this paper is to test the hypothesis that the occurrence of one species is correlated with the occurrence of another in some predictive manner. analyses are carried out for two popular coniferous trees in poland, i.e., norway spruce (picea abies) and scots pine (pinus sylvestris). observations we ... | 2010 | 19690969 |
| intra-annual variability of anatomical structure and delta(13)c values within tree rings of spruce and pine in alpine, temperate and boreal europe. | tree-ring width, wood density, anatomical structure and (13)c/(12)c ratios expressed as delta(13)c-values of whole wood of picea abies were investigated for trees growing in closed canopy forest stands. samples were collected from the alpine renon site in north italy, the lowland hainich site in central germany and the boreal flakaliden site in north sweden. in addition, pinus cembra was studied at the alpine site and pinus sylvestris at the boreal site. the density profiles of tree rings were m ... | 2009 | 19653008 |
| estimating gametic introgression rates in a risk assessment context: a case study with scots pine relicts. | the estimation of recent gene immigration is fundamental to a wide range of evolutionary and conservation studies. in a risk assessment context, gene flow estimation procedures are needed that are both accurate and readily amenable to formal evaluation of statistical uncertainty. however, genetic methods for estimating recent migration rates that are specific and have been thoroughly evaluated are scarce. here we use an original and straightforward maximum-likelihood method to estimate recent un ... | 2009 | 19603058 |
| allergenicity and cross-reactivity of pine pollen. | pine pollen has long been considered a non-allergenic pollen. the large size of the grain and its low levels of proteins are the main reasons invoked to explain this low allergenicity. the aim of this study was to describe the main allergenic bands of pinus radiata (pr) and its cross-reactivity with other pine species, other conifers and grass pollen. | 2009 | 19573163 |
| [microsporogenesis and pollen formation in scotch pine (pinus sylvestris l.)]. | the prolongation of a warm season during autumn, typical for the siberia in recent 5-6 years, caused changes in the terms of reproductive processes in microsporangia of scotch pine in the krasnoyarsk region. the meiosis started in the autumn of the year, preceding the pollination, and comes to the end in next spring, whereas usually this process occurs in the spring of the year of pollination. in such conditions the division of microsporocytes accompanied with different abnormalities, causing va ... | 2009 | 19548623 |
| impact of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) plantings on long term (137)cs and (90)sr recycling from a waste burial site in the chernobyl red forest. | plantings of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) on a waste burial site in the chernobyl red forest was shown to greatly influence the long term redistribution of radioactivity contained in sub-surfaces trenches. after 15 years of growth, aboveground biomass of the average tree growing on waste trench no.22 had accumulated 1.7 times more (137)cs than that of trees growing off the trench, and 5.4 times more (90)sr. at the scale of the trench and according to an average tree density of 3300 trees/ha ... | 2009 | 19525043 |
| medicinal properties, in vitro protocols and secondary metabolite analyses of scots pine. | scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) is known as an economically important forest tree with a wide distribution throughout the northern hemisphere. recently, the species has also become recognized as a novel source of functional food and bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. the present paper provides up-to-date information on protocols for somatic embryogenesis (i.e., the most promising in vitro method for vegetative propagation of scots pine). endophyte protocols cover the topics of endop ... | 2009 | 19521833 |
| [genetic variability in scots pine populations from the bryansk region contaminated by radioactive pollutants as a result of the chernobyl npp accident]. | the method of isozymic analysis of megagametophytes is used for an estimation of genetic variability in populations of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), inhabiting contrast on the level of radioactive contamination (60-17800 bq/kg on 137cs) sites in the bryansk region, undergone to radioactive pollution as a result of the chernobyl accident. values of all investigated parameters of genetic variability (heterozygosity, frequency of polymorphic loci, jivotovski index) and frequencies of the mutati ... | 2009 | 19507681 |
| short-term dynamics of abiotic and biotic soil 13co2 effluxes after in situ 13co2 pulse labelling of a boreal pine forest. | physical diffusion of isotopic tracers into and out of soil pores causes considerable uncertainty for the timing and magnitude of plant belowground allocation in pulse-labelling experiments. here, we partitioned soil co(2) isotopic fluxes into abiotic tracer flux (physical return), heterotrophic flux, and autotrophic flux contributions following (13)co(2) labelling of a swedish pinus sylvestris forest. soil co(2) efflux and its isotopic composition from a combination of deep and surface soil col ... | 2009 | 19496953 |
| drought-induced adaptation of the xylem in scots pine and pubescent oak. | drought impairs tree growth in the inner-alpine valleys of central europe. we investigated species-specific responses to contrasting water supply, with scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), threatened by drought-induced mortality, and pubescent oak (quercus pubescens willd.), showing no connection between drought events and mortality. the two co-occurring tree species were compared, growing either along an open water channel or at a site with naturally dry conditions. in addition, the growth respons ... | 2009 | 19483185 |
| a comparison of the growth of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) in a reclaimed oil shale post-mining area and in a calluna site in estonia. | the growth of scots pine and its suitability for afforestation of post-mining landscapes in northeast estonia were assessed in comparative analytical studies by using morphological parameters and mineral nutrition characteristics. the growth and nutrient uptake of scots pine growing on post-mining substrate were compared with the characteristics of pines of the same age (22-23 years) in a calluna forest site type predominant in north estonia in similar climatic zone. results of the analyses of s ... | 2010 | 19472062 |
| short-term dynamics of nonstructural carbohydrates and hemicelluloses in young branches of temperate forest trees during bud break. | nonstructural carbohydrates (nsc) are the most important c reserves in the tissues of deciduous and evergreen tree species. besides nsc, cell-wall hemicelluloses as the second most abundant polysaccharides in plants have often been discussed to serve as additional mobile carbon (c) reserves during periods of enhanced carbon-sink activities. to assess the significance of hemicelluloses as mobile carbon reserves, branches of two deciduous (carpinus betulus l. and fagus sylvatica l.) and two evergr ... | 2009 | 19457884 |
| variations of measured and simulated soil-loss amounts in a semiarid area in turkey. | the main goal of this research was soil-loss determination and comparison of the plot measurement results with simulation model (universal soil loss equation (usle)) results in different land use and slope classes. the research took place in three different land-use types (scotch pine forest, pasture land, and agricultural land) and in two different slope classes (15-20%, 35-40%). within six measurement stations (for each land-use type and slope class-one station), totally 18 measurement plots h ... | 2010 | 19444634 |
| thinning affects nutrient resorption and nutrient-use efficiency in two pinus sylvestris stands in the pyrenees. | needle chemical composition was measured, and nutrient resorption, nutrient-use efficiency (nue), and other indexes were estimated for 24 months in two contrasting natural pinus sylvestris l. forests in the western pyrenees in spain. for each location (aspurz, 650 m elevation, 7% slope; garde, 1335 m elevation, 40% slope), there were three reference plots (p0), three plots with 20% of the basal area removed (p20), and three with 30% of the basal area removed (p30). needle p, ca, and mg concentra ... | 2009 | 19425431 |
| secretory response induced by essential oils on airway surface fluid: a pharmacological mri study. | using pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging, we have performed an in vivo evaluation of the secretory response induced by essential oils in the rat airway. aim of the work was to establish a computerized method to assess the efficacy of volatile compounds in spatially localized areas without the bias derived by subjective evaluation. magnetic resonance experiments were carried out using a 4.7 t horizontal magnet. in the trachea, airway surface fluid was easily identified for its high intens ... | 2009 | 19422906 |
| the ectomycorrhizal morphotype pinirhiza sclerotia is formed by acephala macrosclerotiorum sp. nov., a close relative of phialocephala fortinii. | relatively few ectomycorrhizal fungal species are known to form sclerotia. usually, sclerotia are initiated at the extraradical mycelium. in this study, we present anatomical and ultrastructural evidence for the formation of sclerotia directly in the hyphal mantle of the mycorrhizal morphotype pinirhiza sclerotia. a dark-pigmented fungal strain was isolated from pinirhiza sclerotia and identified by molecular tools as acephala macrosclerotiorum sp. nov., a close relative of phialocephala fortini ... | 2009 | 19415343 |
| comparison of the pyrolysis behavior of lignins from different tree species. | despite the increasing importance of biomass pyrolysis, little is known about the pyrolysis behavior of lignin--one of the main components of biomass--due to its structural complexity and the difficulty in its isolation. in the present study, we extracted lignins from manchurian ash (fraxinus mandschurica) and mongolian scots pine (pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) using the bjorkman procedure, which has little effect on the structure of lignin. fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectrometry was ... | 2009 | 19393737 |
| discrete shoot and root stem cell-promoting wus/wox5 functions are an evolutionary innovation of angiosperms. | the morphologically diverse bodies of seed plants comprising gymnosperms and angiosperms, which separated some 350 ma, grow by the activity of meristems containing stem cell niches. in the dicot model arabidopsis thaliana, these are maintained by the stem cell-promoting functions of wus and wuschel-related homeobox 5 (wox5) in the shoot and the root, respectively. both genes are members of the wox gene family, which has a monophyletic origin in green algae. the establishment of the wox gene phyl ... | 2009 | 19387013 |
| [dose dependence of the frequency of morphological changes in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) in chernobyl exclusion zone]. | patterns and main parameters of the dynamics of radioactive contamination of organs of scots pine in the plantations of chernobyl zone are presented. on the basis of this data and within the frameworks of the microdosimetric approach, the dosimetric model for the apical meristem of the pine trees was created. the dose rates were calculated for the trees of the experimental array growing at three sites in the exclusion zone and one outside, which differed by three orders of magnitude of the trees ... | 2009 | 19368333 |
| [genetic consequences of irradiation in a scots pine pinus sylvestris l. population]. | the genetic consequences of irradiation were studied in a scots pine population from a region contaminated as a result of the chernobyl meltdown. mutations of isozyme loci were not detected in seeds collected from trees of the first post-meltdown generation in 2004. the frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations in the root meristem of seedlings grown from the seeds did not differ from the control level. a deviation from the expected ratio 1:1 was observed for some isozyme alleles in endospe ... | 2009 | 19334615 |
| effect of meloidogyne incognita on selected forest tree species. | four or five growth stages of 14 forest tree species were tested for susceptibility to meloidogyne incognita at five inoculum levels. responses ranged from the highly susceptible 'china fir' to immune 'taiwania'. even highly susceptible species became increasingly tolerant at later growth stages, thus root-knot appears to be a greater problem in nurseries than in established forests. heavily suberized cells which restricted nematode development was the predominant host response in norway spruce, ... | 1975 | 19308146 |
| the virus-vector and damage potential, morphometrics and distribution of paralongidorus maximus. | paralongidorus maximus was tested as a vector for 20 viruses. nine were recovered directly from p. maximus, an indication that they had ingested the virus, but there was no correlation between the ingestion and transmission of these viruses. raspberry ringspot (english and scottish strains), arabis mosaic, and strawberry latent ringspot viruses were recovered from the roots of bait plants grown in pots together with virus infected plants and p. rnaximus. under the experimental conditions, these ... | 1977 | 19305578 |
| phytotoxin production in bursaphelenchus xylophilus-infected pinus sylvestris. | our findings suggest that i) phytotoxic materials can be isolated from bursaphelenchus xylophilus-infected scots pine, but not from noninfected pines; ii) the phytotoxins cause wilting of 45-day-old and 2-year-old pine seedlings in a dose and species dependent manner; iii) the phytotoxins are produced early in the infection, accumulate or increase with time, and may function to suppress water transport in the tree; and iv) the phytotoxins are lipid materials of low molecular weight which are not ... | 1984 | 19295874 |
| pathotypes of the pinewood nematode bursaphelenchus xylophilus. | an isolate of bursaphelenchus xylophilus from pinus sylvestris in missouri infected and reproduced in 2-3-year-old seedlings of p. sylvestris and to some extent in seedlings of p. nigra. wilting, however, occurred only in p. sylvestris. b. xylophilus isolated from p. strobus in vermont infected and reproduced only in p. strobus seedlings. p. taeda seedlings were resistant to both of these isolates. phytotoxin production was seen only in susceptible seedling species-nematode combinations. signifi ... | 1986 | 19294172 |
| effect of phytotoxin from nematode-induced pinewilt on bursaphelenchus xylophilus and ceratocystis ips. | a phytotoxic extract from pinus sylvestris infected with bursaphelenchus xylophilus inhibited growth of the blue-strain fungus ceratocystis ips and caused temporary paralysis in vitro of b. xylophilus. although the nematodes recovered from paralysis, final population size of b. xylophilus was suppressed by the toxin. extracts from noninfected p. sylvestris affected neither the fungus nor the nematode. | 1984 | 19294025 |
| characterization of a nonparasitic isolate of bursaphelenchus xylophilus. | bursaphelenchus xylophilus isolate mpsy-1av was subcultured from pathotype mpsy-1. mpsy-1av is nonparasitic and does not establish in pinus sylvestris, p. strobus, p. nigra, or p. taeda. this isolate produces ethanol as an end product of carbohydrate metabolism, whereas its parent pathotype, mpsy-1, does not. alcohol dehydrogenase activity was easily detectable in homogenates of mpsy-1av but barely detectable in some homogenates of mpsy-1. genomic differences were seen between mpsy-1 and m psy-1 ... | 1987 | 19290148 |
| relative susceptibility of four pine species to infection by pinewood nematode. | mature trees of eastern white, jack, scotch, and shortleaf pines were inoculated with 25,000-34,000 pinewood nematodes, bursaphelenchus xylophilus, isolated from infected scotch pines in missouri. equal numbers of trees of each species inoculated with distilled water served as controls. nine of fifteen scotch pines died within 4 months of nematode infection or during the winter and early spring following infection. a single eastern white and shortleaf pine died. no jack pines died. a single scot ... | 1987 | 19290105 |
| effect of bursaphelenchus xylophilus on the assimilation and translocation of 14 c in pinus sylvestris. | the effect of wound, wound + water, wound + bursaphelenchus xylophilus culture filtrate, or wound + lethal b. xylophilus doses on the assimilation and translocation of (1)c by 8-month-old pinus sylvestris seedlings was tested. in two separate experiments, pine seedlings were exposed to 28.35 muci of (1)co for 20 minutes below or above (to the pine shoot leader) the point of nematode inoculation. after 2 and 4 hours of dark adaptation, 80% ethanol soluble (1)c tissue extracts were determined by l ... | 1990 | 19287750 |
| relationship of bursaphelenchus xylophilus population density to mortality of pinus sylvestris. | seven-month-old scots pine seedlings were inoculated with water or culture filtrate (controls), with 10,000, or 20,000 (experiment 1), and with 2,500 (experiment 2) bursaphelenchus xylophilus b.c. isolate nematodes and maintained under defined experimental conditions. controls did not develop pine wilt disease over a 2-month period. in experiment 1, less than 50% of the inoculum was recovered from the nematode-inoculated seedlings in the first 48 hours, after which the nematode population of bot ... | 1990 | 19287724 |
| cryopreservation of the pinewood nematode, bursaphelenchus spp. | populations of three isolates of bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the pinewood nematode, and one of b. mucronatus were treated with three cryoprotectants at -70 c for 24 hours followed by deep freezing at -180 c in liquid nitrogen for different periods of time. a solution of 15% glycerol, 35% buffer s, and 50% m9, or 1% aqueous solution of dimethylsulfoxide (dmso), or a mixture of 60% m9 and 40% s buffer were used as cryoprotectants. a significantly larger number of juveniles than adults survived dee ... | 1991 | 19283151 |
| influence of temperature on development of pine wilt in scots pine. | the effect of temperature on pine wilt development in scots pine (pinus sylvestris) was examined in three experiments. container-grown pines (4-6 years old) inoculated with 1,500 bursaphelenchus xylophilus were incubated at constant temperatures in growth chamber for 8 weeks, then at a temperature range of 15-30 c in a greenhouse for 10-12 weeks. nematode infection was greater, tree mortality was higher, and disease incubation was shorter at 32 and 30 c than at 25, 23, 18, and 11 c. foliar sympt ... | 1991 | 19283111 |
| within-wood spatial dispersion of the pinewood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus. | pinewood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus (steiner &buhrer) nickle, spatial dispersion was determined in scots pine, pinus sylvestris l., bolts infested with the pine sawyer beetle, monochamus carolinensis (olivier) and in bolts without m. carolinensis. according to taylor's power law and green's index of dispersion, nematode dispersion was aggregated in both sets of bolts. the degree of aggregation did not differ significantly between beetle-infested and noninfested bolts, suggesting that t ... | 1992 | 19283026 |
| aphelenchoides microstylus n. sp. and seinura onondagensis n. sp. (nemata: aphelenchina) from new york. | aphelenchoides microstylus n. sp. and seinura onondagensis n. sp., a nematode predator, are described from dead scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) in onondaga county, new york. females of a. microstylus are 370 to 485 microm long. the body is slender and tapers posteriorly to an amucronate, pointed terminus. the head is continuous with the body, and lips bear a stylet guide. diagnostic characters of females are three incisures in the lateral field, a short stylet (6-7.5 microm) with small basal kn ... | 2000 | 19270994 |
| identification of a pentaketide stilbene produced by a type iii polyketide synthase from pinus sylvestris and characterisation of free coenzyme a intermediates. | the stilbene synthase (sts) from scots pine (pinus sylvestris), which is a type iii polyketide synthase, produces the well known tetraketide resveratrol from coumaroyl-coa and three molecules of malonyl-coa. the same stilbene synthase, however, also generates the previously unknown pentaketide 2-malonylresveratrol from coumaroyl-coa and four molecules of malonyl-coa; this indicates that the enzyme does not precisely control the number of condensations leading to diverse products. tetraketide- an ... | 2009 | 19266535 |
| one tissue, two fates: different roles of megagametophyte cells during scots pine embryogenesis. | in the scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seed, embryos grow and develop within the corrosion cavity of the megagametophyte, a maternally derived haploid tissue, which houses the majority of the storage reserves of the seed. in the present study, histochemical methods and quantification of the expression levels of the programmed cell death (pcd) and dna repair processes related genes (mca, tat-d, rad51, ku80, and lig) were used to investigate the physiological events occurring in the megagametophy ... | 2009 | 19246593 |
| tracing carbon and oxygen isotope signals from newly assimilated sugars in the leaves to the tree-ring archive. | the analysis of delta(13)c and delta(18)o in tree-ring archives offers retrospective insights into environmental conditions and ecophysiological processes. while photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination and evaporative oxygen isotope enrichment are well understood, we lack information on how the isotope signal is altered by downstream metabolic processes. in pinus sylvestris, we traced the isotopic signals from their origin in the leaf water (delta(18)o) or the newly assimilated carbon (delt ... | 2009 | 19220785 |
| cd-tolerant suillus luteus: a fungal insurance for pines exposed to cd. | soil metal pollution can trigger evolutionary adaptation in soil-borne organisms. an in vitro screening test showed cadmium adaptation in populations of suillus luteus (l.: fr.) roussel, an ectomycorrhizal fungus of pine trees. cadmium stress was subsequently investigated in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings inoculated with a cd-tolerant s. luteus, isolated from a heavy metal contaminated site, and compared to plants inoculated with a cd-sensitive isolate from a non-polluted area. a dos ... | 2009 | 19211178 |
| determination of the structure of wood from the self-diffusion probability densities of a fluid observed by position-exchange nmr spectroscopy. | self-diffusion of a fluid absorbed in a solid matrix is restricted by the walls of the matrix. we demonstrate that the local self-diffusion probability densities (propagators) of fluid molecules can be measured by position-exchange nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (poxsy), and analysis of the shape of the propagators reveals the local size-distributions of the voids in the matrix. we also show that, in the case of rectangular voids, size-distribution can be calculated in a long diffusion- ... | 2009 | 19209359 |
| morphological and physiological responses of scots pine fine roots to water supply in a dry climatic region in switzerland. | in recent decades, scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) forests in inner-alpine dry valleys of switzerland have suffered from drought and elevated temperatures, resulting in a higher mortality rate of trees than the mean mortality rate in switzerland. we investigated the responses of fine roots (standing crop, morphological and physiological features) to water supply in a scots pine forest in the rhone valley. before irrigation started in 2003, low- and high-productivity scots pine trees were select ... | 2009 | 19203972 |
| ectomycorrhizal root tips in relation to site and stand characteristics in norway spruce and scots pine stands in boreal forests. | variations in ectomycorrhizal (ecm) short root tips of norway spruce (picea abies (l.) karst.) and scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) in 16 stands throughout finland were studied, and their relationships with latitude, organic layer c:n ratio, temperature sum and foliage biomass were determined. there were no significant differences in ecm root tip frequency (number per milligram of fine roots) or root tip mass between tree species or between northern and southern sites. the ecm root tip number pe ... | 2009 | 19203968 |
| induced accumulation of phenolics and sawfly performance in scots pine in response to previous defoliation. | phenolic compounds often accumulate in foliar tissues of deciduous woody plants in response to previous insect defoliation, but similar responses have been observed infrequently in evergreen conifers. we studied the effects of defoliation on the foliar chemistry of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) and cocoon mass, and survival of the pine sawfly (diprion pini l.). in two successive years, needles were excised early in the season leaving only the current-year shoot intact (defoliated trees); untr ... | 2009 | 19203946 |
| root proliferation of norway spruce and scots pine in response to local magnesium supply in soil. | nutrient sources in soils are often heterogeneously distributed. although many studies have examined the root responses to local n and p enrichments in the soil, less research was conducted on root responses to mg patches. new roots of pre-grown mg-insufficient and mg-sufficient plants of norway spruce (picea abies [l.] karst.) and scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings were allowed to grow into four other pots of equal size, which were placed under the tree-bearing pot. soils in the lower p ... | 2009 | 19203945 |
| wounding response in xylem of scots pine seedlings shows wide genetic variation and connection with the constitutive defence of heartwood. | in this greenhouse experiment, 3-year-old scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings were wounded by drilling holes through the stem. in the xylem next to the wound, the concentration of resin acids (rac) increased, and the production of extractives typical for heartwood (stilbenes) and knotwood (stilbenes and lignans) of mature trees was induced. the induced stilbenes were pinosylvin (ps) and pinosylvin monomethyl ether (psm), and the lignans nortrachelogenin (ntg) and matairesinol (mr). there ... | 2009 | 19203929 |
| a new serial pooling method of shifted tree ring blocks to construct millennia long tree ring isotope chronologies with annual resolution. | the study presents a new serial pooling method of shifted tree ring blocks for the building of isotope chronologies. this method combines the advantages of traditional 'serial' and 'intertree' pooling, and can be recommended for the construction of sub-regional long isotope chronologies with sufficient replication, and on annual resolution, especially for the case of extremely narrow tree rings. for scots pines (pinus sylvestris l., khibiny low mountains, nw russia) and silver firs (abies alba m ... | 2009 | 19191128 |
| mathematical modeling of intrusive growth of fusiform initials in relation to radial growth and expanding cambial circumference in pinus sylvestris l. | this study on the cambium of pinus sylvestris l. examines the intrusive growth of fusiform cambial initials and its possible contribution to the tangential and radial expansions of the cambial cylinder. the location and extent of intrusive growth of the fusiform initials were determined by microscopic observations and by mathematical modeling. in order to meet the required circumferential expansion of the cambial cylinder, the fusiform initials grow in groups by means of a symplastic rather than ... | 2009 | 19184456 |
| optimum contribution selection in large general tree breeding populations with an application to scots pine. | development of selection methods that optimises selection differential subject to a constraint on the increase of inbreeding (or coancestry) in a population is an important part of breeding programmes. one such method that has received much attention in animal breeding is the optimum contribution (oc) dynamic selection method. we implemented the oc algorithm and applied it to a diallel progeny trial of pinus sylvestris l. (scots pine) focussing on two traits (total tree height and stem diameter) ... | 2009 | 19183858 |
| steam explosion lignins; their extraction, structure and potential as feedstock for biodiesel and chemicals. | in the present study, a steam explosion wood pre-treatment process, optimized earlier with respect to ethanol production, has been applied to both softwoods (picea abies and pinus sylvestris) and hardwoods (betula verrucosa and populus tremula). the alkaline extractable lignins have then been isolated to investigate lignin separation efficiency and lignin structure and to evaluate their potential for producing value-added products, such as biodiesel components or chemicals, in terms of the purit ... | 2009 | 19157871 |
| [genotypic peculiarities of resistance to root fungus of scotch pine plants in artificial stands of the ukrainian steppe-zone]. | comparative analysis of allozyme variability was carried out by 18 loci from such tree-groups as 3 pinus sylvestris l. natural steppe populations and a sample of 36 resistant trees from artificial stands in root fungus (heterobasidion annosum (fr.) bref.) damage centres. resistant trees are characterized by the least portion of polymorphic allozyme loci, by allele and genotype number, and by similar to midpopulational level observed and expected heterozigosity. resistant tree sample differed fro ... | 2008 | 19140439 |
| determining the highly anisotropic cell structures of pinus sylvestris in three orthogonal directions by pgste nmr of absorbed water and methane. | the walls of solid matrix restrict the self-diffusion of a fluid absorbed in the matrix, and this is reflected in the echo amplitudes measured by pgste nmr. hence, the pore size distribution of the matrix can be extracted from the echo amplitudes. we demonstrate that, when both liquids and gases (water and methane in this case) are used as probe fluids, the scale of the dimensions observable by pgste nmr may be over 4 orders of magnitude. this enables determining the dimensions of highly anisotr ... | 2009 | 19105729 |
| vertical gradients of mineral elements in pinus sylvestris crown in alkalised soil. | alkalisation of soil has been assumed to be the principal cause of changes in vertical gradients of nutrients in pinus sylvestris crown. the long-term influence of alkaline dust pollution (phh2o 12.3-12.6) emitted from a cement plant on the element composition of soil and needles of scots pine in different canopy layers was studied. in the polluted area, the ph of soils was >7, and high amounts of ca, k and mg were measured in the upper layers of soil (0-30 cm), while the mobility and solubility ... | 2009 | 19015943 |
| exposure to chlorinated acetic acids: responses of peroxidase and glutathione s-transferase activity in pine needles. | during long-term exposure of pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings to trichloro- and monochloroacetic acids via root uptake or acid mist treatments, both substances were removed from the plant tissues by metabolic activity. none of the treated plants exhibited visible stress symptoms at the concentrations used. in addition, the exposure to both substances led to dramatic changes in the activity of xenobiotic detoxification enzymes (peroxidase and gluthatione s-transferase) in the needles of the p ... | 1997 | 19002403 |
| effect of tree species and mycorrhizal colonization on the archaeal population of boreal forest rhizospheres. | group 1.1c crenarchaeota are the predominating archaeal group in acidic boreal forest soils. in this study, we show that the detection frequency of 1.1c crenarchaeotal 16s rrna genes in the rhizospheres of the boreal forest trees increased following colonization by the ectomycorrhizal fungus paxillus involutus. this effect was very clear in the fine roots of pinus sylvestris, picea abies, and betula pendula, the most common forest trees in finland. the nonmycorrhizal fine roots had a clearly dif ... | 2009 | 18978075 |
| influence of growth on reproductive traits and its effect on fertility and gene diversity in a clonal seed orchard of scots pine, pinus sylvestris l. | this study was carried out in a clonal seed orchard of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), to determine the difference and interaction for reproductive and growth characters among clones and its impact on fertility variation and gene diversity numbers of female and male strobili, and height and diameter at breast height were studied on six grafts chosen randomly in each of the 27 clones for the purpose. one-way analysis of variance revealed large differences in both reproductive and growth charact ... | 2008 | 18972690 |
| increasing litter species richness reduces variability in a terrestrial decomposer system. | debate on the relationship between diversity and stability has been driven by the recognition that species loss may influence ecosystem properties and processes. we conducted a litterbag experiment in the scottish highlands, united kingdom, to examine the effects of altering plant litter diversity on decomposition, microbial biomass, and microfaunal abundance. the design of treatments was fully factorial and included five species from an upland plant community (silver birch, betula pendula; scot ... | 2008 | 18831186 |
| conidia of trichoderma virens as a phosphorus source for mycorrhizal pinus sylvestris seedlings. | in this study, the mobilization and further translocation of phosphorus from conidia of saprotrophic fungus trichoderma virens into pinus sylvestris seedlings by nondestructive measuring of (32)p was assessed. the radioactive phosphorus flux from the conidia to the scots pine seedlings forming mycorrhiza with laccaria laccata and suillus bovinus amounted up to 27.82% and 7.42%, respectively, on the 28th day of the experiment, while at the same time in nonmycorrhizal pine seedlings, the detected ... | 2008 | 18807257 |
| patterns of divergence among conifer ests and polymorphism in pinus sylvestris identify putative selective sweeps. | finding genes that are under positive selection is a difficult task, especially in non-model organisms. here, we have analyzed expressed sequence tag (est) data from 4 species (pinus pinaster, pinus taeda, picea glauca, and pseudotsuga menziesii) to investigate selection patterns during their evolution and to identify genes likely to be under positive selection. to confirm selection, population samples of these genes have been sequenced in pinus sylvestris, a species that was not included in the ... | 2008 | 18775901 |
| testing dependence between growth and needle litterfall in scots pine--a case study in northern finland. | both drought and fungal disease increase needle litterfall of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees, but most factors causing annual variation in needle litterfall are poorly understood. we hypothesized that radial growth and weather conditions favorable to growth correlate positively with needle litterfall with a lag equal to the number of needle cohorts (here being 5-6). we studied the time series of needle litterfall, stem increment, pollen cone litter and daily weather conditions in a scots ... | 2008 | 18765379 |
| hierarchical spatial modeling of additive and dominance genetic variance for large spatial trial datasets. | summary: this article expands upon recent interest in bayesian hierarchical models in quantitative genetics by developing spatial process models for inference on additive and dominance genetic variance within the context of large spatially referenced trial datasets. direct application of such models to large spatial datasets are, however, computationally infeasible because of cubic-order matrix algorithms involved in estimation. the situation is even worse in markov chain monte carlo (mcmc) cont ... | 2009 | 18759829 |
| delayed soil thawing affects root and shoot functioning and growth in scots pine. | in boreal regions, soil can remain frozen after the start of the growing season. we compared relationships between root characteristics and water relations in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) saplings subjected to soil frost treatments before and during the first week of the growing period in a controlled environment experiment. delayed soil thawing delayed the onset of sap flow or totally blocked it if soil thawing lagged the start of the growing period by 7 days. this effect was reflected in t ... | 2008 | 18708340 |
| seasonal acclimation of photosystem ii in pinus sylvestris. ii. using the rate constants of sustained thermal energy dissipation and photochemistry to study the effect of the light environment. | photosynthesis in evergreen conifers is characterized by down-regulation in autumn and rapid up-regulation in spring. this seasonal pattern is largely driven by temperature, but the light environment also plays a role. in overwintering scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees, psii is less down-regulated and recovers faster from winter stress in shaded needles than in needles exposed to full sunlight. because the effect of light on the seasonal acclimation of psii has not been quantitatively studi ... | 2008 | 18708330 |
| seasonal acclimation of photosystem ii in pinus sylvestris. i. estimating the rate constants of sustained thermal energy dissipation and photochemistry. | acclimation of the partitioning of absorbed light energy in photosystem ii (psii) between photochemical and non-photochemical processes includes short-term adjustments that are rapidly reversed in the dark and seasonal acclimation processes that are unaffected by dark acclimation. thus, by using dark-acclimated leaves to study the seasonal acclimation of psii, the confounding effect of short-term adjustments is eliminated. the maximum quantum yield of photochemistry, estimated by chlorophyll flu ... | 2008 | 18708329 |
| the chromosomal distribution of histone methylation marks in gymnosperms differs from that of angiosperms. | the chromosomal distribution of seven histone methylation marks (h3k4me2, h3k9me1,2,3 and h3k27me1,2,3) was analysed in the gymnosperm species pinus sylvestris and picea abies. similarly to the situation in other investigated eukaryotes, dimethylation of lysine 4 of histone h3 is restricted to euchromatin in gymnosperms. surprisingly, also h3k9me1-a mark classified as heterochromatin-specific in angiosperms-labels the euchromatin in p. sylvestris and p. abies. the other investigated methylation ... | 2008 | 18679813 |
| diversity and structure of ectomycorrhizal and co-associated fungal communities in a serpentine soil. | the community of ectomycorrhizal (ecm) and co-associated fungi from a serpentine site forested with pinus sylvestris and quercus petraea was explored, to improve the understanding of ecm diversity in naturally metalliferous soils. ecm fungi were identified by a combination of morphotyping and direct sequencing of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region 2 and of a part of the large-subunit region. co-associated fungi from selected ecm were identified by restriction fragment lengt ... | 2008 | 18677625 |
| cryptococcus pinus sp. nov., an anamorphic basidiomycetous yeast isolated from pine litter. | a novel species of the genus cryptococcus, isolated from dead needles of pinus sylvestris, was identified using mycocinotyping and rdna sequence data. phylogenetic analysis showed that the novel species was located in the kwoniella clade of the tremellales and was closely related to cryptococcus dejecticola. the type strain of the novel species, cryptococcus pinus sp. nov., is vkm y-2958t (=cbs 10737t). | 2008 | 18676488 |
| lead and vanadium removal from a real industrial wastewater by gravitational settling/sedimentation and sorption onto pinus sylvestris sawdust. | batch sorption with untreated pinus sylvestris sawdust after settling/sedimentation phase to remove vanadium and lead from a real industrial wastewater was investigated using different adsorbent doses, initial ph, and contact time. the development of ph along the sorption test and a parallel investigation of metals release from sawdust in distilled water were carried out. in order to evaluate kinetic parameters and equilibrium isotherms, lagergren first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle ... | 2009 | 18664408 |
| evolutionary aspects of functional and pseudogene members of the phytochrome gene family in scots pine. | according to the neutral theory of evolution, mutation and genetic drift are the only forces that shape unconstrained, neutral, gene evolution. thus, pseudogenes (which often evolve neutrally) provide opportunities to obtain direct estimates of mutation rates that are not biased by selection, and gene families comprising functional and pseudogene members provide useful material for both estimating neutral mutation rates and identifying sites that appear to be under positive or negative selection ... | 2008 | 18663508 |
| functional characteristics of a tiny but specialized olfactory system: olfactory receptor neurons of carrot psyllids (homoptera: triozidae). | with only approximately 50 olfactory receptor neurons (orns), the carrot psyllid trioza apicalis (homoptera: psylloidea) may have the smallest olfactory system described in adult neopteran insects. using single sensillum recordings (ssr) and gas chromatograph-linked ssr, we characterized 4 olfactory sensilla forming a distinct morphological type, which together house approximately 25% of all orns. we recorded responses to extracts and single constituents from daucus carota ssp. sativus, from the ... | 2008 | 18653644 |
| plant phenolics affect oxidation of tryptophan. | the effect of berry phenolics such as anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and proanthocyanidins from raspberry (rubus idaeus), black currant (ribes nigrum), and cranberry (vaccinium oxycoccus) and byproducts of deoiling processes rich in phenolics such as rapeseed (brassica rapa l.), camelina (camelina sativa), and soy (glycine max l.) as well as scots pine bark (pinus sylvestris) was investigated in an h2o2-oxidized tryptophan (trp) solution. the oxidation of trp was analyzed with high-performance liq ... | 2008 | 18646765 |
| molecular and functional analyses support a role of ornithine-{delta}-aminotransferase in the provision of glutamate for glutamine biosynthesis during pine germination. | we report the molecular characterization and functional analysis of a gene (psdeltaoat) from scots pine (pinus sylvestris) encoding orn-delta-aminotransferase (delta-oat; ec 2.6.1.13), an enzyme of arginine metabolism. the deduced amino acid sequence contains a putative n-terminal signal peptide for mitochondrial targeting. the polypeptide is similar to other delta-oats from plants, yeast, and mammals and encoded by a single-copy gene in pine. psdeltaoat encodes a functional delta-oat as determi ... | 2008 | 18621980 |
| efficient markov chain monte carlo implementation of bayesian analysis of additive and dominance genetic variances in noninbred pedigrees. | accurate and fast computation of quantitative genetic variance parameters is of great importance in both natural and breeding populations. for experimental designs with complex relationship structures it can be important to include both additive and dominance variance components in the statistical model. in this study, we introduce a bayesian gibbs sampling approach for estimation of additive and dominance genetic variances in the traditional infinitesimal model. the method can handle general pe ... | 2008 | 18558655 |
| ultrasonic acoustic emissions in drought-stressed trees--more than signals from cavitation? | ultrasonic acoustic emission (uae) in trees is often related to collapsing water columns in the flow path as a result of tensions that are too strong (cavitation). however, in a decibel (db) range below that associated with cavitation, a close relationship was found between uae intensities and stem radius changes. uae was continuously recorded on the stems of mature field-grown trees of scots pine (pinus sylvestris) and pubescent oak (quercus pubescens) at a dry inner-alpine site in switzerland ... | 2008 | 18540974 |
| [relationships between phosphorus fractions concentrations in pinus sylvestris var. mongolica needles and soil available phosphorus]. | to make clear whether mongolian pine (pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) plantation is limited by soil phosphorus (p) supply in southeast horqin sand land and to find out the best leaf indicator of soil p supply, the concentrations of total p, inorganic p and organic p in the needles of different age of p. sylvestris var. mongolica and the soil available p were analyzed. the results showed that in the study area, soil available p was rather low (0.12-0.63 mg x kg(-1)), and had significant correlat ... | 2008 | 18533515 |
| influence of solar uv radiation on the nitrogen metabolism in needles of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.). | needles of 20-year-old scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) saplings were studied in an ultraviolet (uv) exclusion field experiment (from 2000 to 2002) in northern finland (67 degrees n). the chambers held filters that excluded both uv-b and uv-a, excluded uv-b only, transmitted all uv (control), or lacked filters (ambient). uv-b/uv-a exclusion decreased nitrate reductase (nr) activity of 1-year-old needles of scots pines compared to the controls. the proportion of free amino acids varied in the ran ... | 2008 | 18508165 |
| copper(ii) and zinc(ii) biosorption on pinus sylvestris l. | the biosorption properties of copper(ii) and zinc(ii) onto a cone biomass of pinus sylvestris l. was investigated by using batch techniques. the biosorption studies carried out with single metal solutions. the removal of copper(ii) and zinc(ii) from aqueous solution increased with ph and sharply decreased when ph of the solution was decreased. the maximum biosorption efficiency of p. sylvestris was 67% and 30% for cu(ii) and zn(ii), respectively. batch kinetic and isotherm of biosorption metal i ... | 2009 | 18502038 |
| does egg deposition by herbivorous pine sawflies affect transcription of sesquiterpene synthases in pine? | scots pine (pinus sylvestris; pinaceae, pinales) is known to defend against egg deposition by herbivorous sawflies by changing its terpenoid volatile blend. the oviposition-induced pine odor attracts egg parasitoids that kill the sawfly eggs. here, we investigated whether sawfly egg deposition activates genes encoding pine terpene synthases by extracting mrna from oviposition-induced p. sylvestris. three new sesquiterpene synthases, pstps 1, pstps 2, and pstps 3, were isolated that were shown on ... | 2008 | 18493792 |
| evidence that the negative relationship between seed mass and relative growth rate is not physiological but linked to species identity: a within-family analysis of scots pine. | seed mass and relative growth rate (rgr) are important determinants of early seedling growth, and hence seedling establishment. although a positive interspecific relationship between seed mass and seedling dry mass is well established, much less is known about the relationships among seed mass, seedling mass and rgr within species. we examined relationships among seed mass, seedling mass and rgr within and among maternal plant lines of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.). to assess the effects of s ... | 2008 | 18450572 |
| large old trees influence patterns of delta13c and delta15n in forests. | large old trees are the dominant primary producers of native pine forest, but their influence on spatial patterns of soil properties and potential feedback to tree regeneration in their neighbourhood is poorly understood. we measured stable isotopes of carbon (delta(13)c) and nitrogen (delta(15)n) in soil and litter taken from three zones of influence (inner, middle and outer zone) around the trunk of freestanding old scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees, to determine the trees' influence on b ... | 2008 | 18446753 |
| temporal dynamics of the carbon isotope composition in a pinus sylvestris stand: from newly assimilated organic carbon to respired carbon dioxide. | the (13)c isotopic signature (c stable isotope ratio; delta(13)c) of co(2) respired from forest ecosystems and their particular compartments are known to be influenced by temporal changes in environmental conditions affecting c isotope fractionation during photosynthesis. whereas most studies have assessed temporal variation in delta(13)c of ecosystem-respired co(2) on a day-to-day scale, not much information is available on its diel dynamics. we investigated environmental and physiological cont ... | 2008 | 18392642 |
| diversity of predominant endophytic bacteria in european deciduous and coniferous trees. | the diversity of endophytic bacteria residing in root, stem, and leaf tissues was examined in coniferous and deciduous tree species, scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), silver birch (betula pendula roth), and rowan (sorbus aucuparia l.). using cultivation-dependent and -independent analyses, the bacterial communities were observed to be significantly different in the belowground (roots and rhizosphere) and aboveground (leaves and stems) samples of the respective host trees. no significant differen ... | 2008 | 18388988 |