Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| seasonal changes of carotenoid pigments and color in hamlin, earlygold, and budd blood orange juices. | the developmental patterns of carotenoids in hamlin, earlygold (an early-maturing selection), and budd blood sweet orange juices were studied during the september to mid-january period of the 1996-97 and 1997-98 seasons. the carotenoid concentration of earlygold increased by as much as 4.9 times during the color development compared to 3.9 times in hamlin and 4.5 times in budd blood juice in the same period. for the profiles of carotenoid pigment, dramatic changes occurred among the pigments tha ... | 2001 | 11262044 |
| biochemical basis of color as an aesthetic quality in citrus sinensis. | the biochemical basis of color as an aesthetic quality in mature fruit of navel and valencia orange (citrus sinensis) was determined. saponification of the two major color-imparting components resolved by thin-layer chromatography, followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, revealed that these comprised acyl esters of (9z)-violaxanthin and beta-citraurin. identification of the chromophores was based on cochromatography and online spectral analysis. the color quality of fl ... | 2001 | 11170592 |
| purification and characterization of a beta-glucosidase from citrus sinensis var. valencia fruit tissue. | a preliminary survey demonstrated activity for alpha-d-glucosidase, alpha-d-mannosidase, alpha-l-arabinosidase, beta-d-glucosidase, beta-d-xylosidase, and beta-d-galactosidase in orange fruit flavedo and albedo tissue. alpha-l-rhamnosidase was not detected. subsequently, a beta-glucosidase was purified from mature fruit rag tissue (composed of intersegmental septa, squeezed juice sacs, and fruit core tissue) of citrus sinensis var. valencia. the beta-glucosidase exhibited low levels of activity ... | 2001 | 11559154 |
| differential expression of two cinnamate 4-hydroxylase genes in 'valencia' orange (citrus sinensis osbeck). | two different full-length cdnas for cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (c4h1 and c4h2) were isolated from citrus sinensis osbeck cv. valencia libraries. c4h1 (1708 bp) and c4h2 (1871 bp) share only 65% identity on nucleotide and 66% identity on the amino acid level, respectively. c4h1 is most homologous to a cinnamate 4-hydroxylase sequence from french bean (phaseolus vulgaris), but codes for a unique n-terminus. c4h2 shows highest similarity to a poplar (populus kitakamiensis) sequence, but also shows a u ... | 2001 | 11575728 |
| characterization and regulation of ammonium transport systems in citrus plants. | we have investigated both the kinetics and regulation of 15nh4+ influx in roots of 3-month-old hydroponically grown citrus (citrus sinensis l. osbeck x poncirus trifoliata blanco) seedlings. the 15nh4+ influx is saturable below an external ammonium concentration of 1 mm, indicating the action of a high-affinity transport system (hats). the hats is under feedback repression by the n status of the plant, being down-regulated in plants adequately supplied with n during growth, and up-regulated by n ... | 2001 | 11762176 |
| [molecular cloning of full length capsanthin/capsorubin synthase homologous gene from orange (citrus sinensis)]. | the complete sequence of orange homologous capsanthin/capsorubin synthase gene is 3788 bp long with a coding sequence of 1512 bp, which encodes a polypeptide of 503 amino acids. the 5' upstream sequence is 1721 bp long and the 3' downstream sequence is 555 bp long. the amino acid sequence of this gene is 78% and 69% identical to the genes from carrot and pepper, respectively. it is also partially homologous to plant neoxanthin synthase, lycopene beta-cyclase and lycopene epsilon cyclase genes. i ... | 2001 | 12549109 |
| potential of semiconductor sensor arrays for the origin authentication of pure valencia orange juices. | sensor array is a new method used in aroma analysis. this technique was employed for the differentiation of 49 pure valencia orange juices from 5 different origins representative of the main culture areas of citrus according to their volatile organic fractions. an experimental design was used to set analytical factors, which control the generation of the static headspace; therefore, the preliminary optimization of analytical conditions allows the evaluation of the potential of such an apparatus ... | 2001 | 11453745 |
| in vitro availability of flavonoids and other phenolics in orange juice. | hand-squeezed navel orange juice contains 839 mg/l phenolics, including flavanones, flavones, and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. the flavanones are the main phenolics in the soluble fraction (648.6 mg/l) and are also present in the cloud fraction (104.8 mg/l). during refrigerated storage of fresh juice (4 degrees c), 50% of the soluble flavanones precipitate and integrate into the cloud fraction. commercial orange juices contain only 81-200 mg/l soluble flavanones (15-33%) and the content in ... | 2001 | 11262068 |
| fruit size as a model for teaching first trimester uterine sizing in bimanual examination. | to examine a commonly used fruit-comparison model for teaching uterine sizing by bimanual examination, to compare the sizes of actual fruits with published first trimester uterine ultrasound measurements, and to estimate the degree of provider agreement with this model. | 2001 | 11506855 |
| characterization of carotenoids in juice of red navel orange (cara cara). | high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection was applied for the separation and characterization of carotenoids from a red-fleshed navel orange (cara cara). carotenoid pigments were extracted using hexane/acetone/ethanol and saponified using 10% methanolic potassium hydroxide. more than 29 carotenoid pigments were separated within 60 min using a ternary gradient (75% acetonitrile/25% methanol, methyl tert-butyl ether, and water) elution on a c(30) reversed-phase column. ... | 2001 | 11368636 |
| orthophenylphenol and phenylhydroquinone residues in citrus fruit and processed citrus products after postharvest fungicidal treatments with sodium orthophenylphenate in california and florida. | sodium orthophenylphenate (sopp) has been used extensively for >40 years to control postharvest diseases of citrus fruits. studies of the metabolism of [(14)c]sopp have identified orthophenylphenol (opp) as the major metabolite with phenylhydroquinone (phq) as a minor metabolite. the whole-fruit tolerance in the united states for opp is 10 ppm. this study was conducted to quantify terminal opp and phq residues in whole navel oranges, grapefruit, and lemons following sopp applications at maximum ... | 2001 | 11368626 |
| an evaluation of the genetic diversity of xylella fastidiosa isolated from diseased citrus and coffee in são paulo, brazil. | abstract strains of xylella fastidiosa, isolated from sweet orange trees (citrus sinensis) and coffee trees (coffea arabica) with symptoms of citrus variegated chlorosis and requeima do café, respectively, were indistinguishable based on repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus pcr assays. these strains were also indistinguishable with a previously described pcr assay that distinguished the citrus strains from all other ... | 2001 | 18943950 |
| tylenchida associated with different crops in sennar state (sudan). | a study was done on the taxonomy and morphology of plant parasitic nematodes (tylenchida) found in sennar state (sudan). sixty samples of different crops were collected in the sugarcane area. thirty samples originated from soil around the roots of saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) from different ratoons and thirty samples were collected from other crops (mangifera indica; citrus limon; citrus aurantifolia; citrus paradisi; citrus sinensis, phoenix dactylifera, musa sapentium; cassia italica, cap ... | 2001 | 12425088 |
| assessment of the genetic diversity of xylella fastidiosa isolated from citrus in brazil by pcr-rflp of the 16s rdna and 16s-23s intergenic spacer and rep-pcr fingerprinting. | the genetic diversity among twenty three strains of xylella fastidiosa, isolated from sweet orange citrus, was assessed by rflp analysis of the 16s rdna and 16s-23s intergenic spacer and by rep-pcr fingerprinting together with strains isolated from coffee, grapevine, plum and pear. the pcr products obtained by amplification of the 16s rdna and 16s-23s spacer region were digested with restriction enzymes and a low level of polymorphism was detected. in rep-pcr fingerprinting, a relationship betwe ... | 2001 | 11392484 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of an infectious clone of citrus yellow mosaic virus that can infect sweet orange via agrobacterium-mediated inoculation. | citrus yellow mosaic virus (cymv), a member of the family caulimoviridae, genus badnavirus, causes citrus mosaic disease, a disease that occurs commonly in india. the cymv genome has been cloned and its complete nucleotide sequence determined. its dna genome is 7559 bp in length and contains six putative open reading frames (orfs), all on the plus-strand of the genome and each capable of encoding proteins with a molecular mass of greater than 10 kda. orf 3, the largest orf, encodes a putative po ... | 2001 | 11562547 |
| pesticide applications of copper on perennial crops in california, 1993 to 1998. | inorganic copper is used as a broad-spectrum fungicide and bacteriocide on a variety of agricultural crops. after application, the copper residue typically accumulates in the upper 15 cm of soil. data from the california pesticide use reports were used to estimate the augmentation of copper in the soil that resulted from pesticide applications for the six years from 1993 to 1998 on 12 crops that are grown without rotation. the estimated mean mg cu kg(-1) soil added to the upper 15 cm during the ... | 2001 | 11577894 |
| in vitro antimalarial activity of extracts of three plants used in the traditional medicine of india. | in an attempt to search for new antimalarial drugs, we studied plants used by traditional healers of southwest india to treat malaria. aqueous and organic solvent extracts obtained from specific parts of the plants swertia chirata, carica papaya, and citrus sinensis were tested on malaria strain plasmodium falciparum fck 2 in vitro. the temperatures of extraction were the same as that used by the traditional healers in their plant preparations. visual evaluation of the antimalarial activity of t ... | 2001 | 11693874 |
| the diversification of citrus clementina hort. ex tan., a vegetatively propagated crop species. | clementines, due to their high quality, are one of the most important cultivated citrus mandarins. as in the case of sweet orange and satsuma mandarins, genetic variability within this species is minimal when analyzed by molecular markers, because the existing varieties have not been obtained through hybridization, but through the selection of spontaneous mutations affecting traits of agronomic interest. this would explain, at least in part, the greater diversity for agronomic traits when compar ... | 2001 | 11697922 |
| polymorphism of the 5' terminal region of citrus tristeza virus (ctv) rna: incidence of three sequence types in isolates of different origin and pathogenicity. | sequences of the 5' terminal region of the genomic rna from eight isolates of citrus tristeza virus (ctv) were previously classified into three types (i, ii and iii), with intragroup sequence identity higher than 88% and intergroup sequence identity as low as 44%. sequencing of an additional 58 cdna clones from 15 virus isolates showed that all sequences could be unequivocally assigned to one of the three types previously established. the relative frequency of each sequence type was assessed in ... | 2001 | 11266215 |
| partial characterisation of citrus leaf blotch virus, a new virus from nagami kumquat. | citrus leaf blotch virus (clbv) was purified from leaves of nagami kumquat sra-153 that showed bud union crease when propagated on troyer citrange. virions were filamentous particles (960 x 14 nm) containing a 42 kda protein and a single-stranded rna (ssrna) of about 9,000 nt (mr 3 x 10(6)). infected tissue contained three species of double-stranded rna (dsrna) of mr 6, 4.5 and 3.4 x 10(6). the nucleotide sequence of several complementary dna (cdna) clones showed significant similarities with re ... | 2001 | 11315643 |
| insecticidal properties of volatile extracts of orange peels. | statistical studies using the randomised complete block design with four replicates showed that volatile extracts of two species of orange peel--citrus sinensis (sweet orange) and citrus aurantifolia (lime) had insecticidal activity against mosquito, cockroach and housefly. insecticidal activity was better after 60 min than at 30 min spraying of rooms. volatile extracts of c. sinensis showed greater insecticidal potency, while the cockroach was the most susceptible to the orange peels among the ... | 2001 | 11198181 |
| evaluation of aroma differences between hand-squeezed juices from valencia late and navel oranges by quantitation of key odorants and flavor reconstitution experiments. | twenty-five odor-active compounds were quantified in hand-squeezed juices of valencia late and navel oranges using stable isotope dilution assays. odor activity values (oavs, ratio of the concentration to odor thresholds) based on odor thresholds in water were calculated for the entire set of aroma compounds in both varieties. it was shown that due to their high oavs, the fruity-smelling esters ethyl 2-methylpropanoate, ethyl butanoate, (s)-ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, and 3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-3,6-d ... | 2001 | 11368609 |
| shellac formulations to reduce epiphytic survival of coliform bacteria on citrus fruit postharvest. | survival of the coliform bacteria enterobacter aerogenes and escherichia coli was monitored in a neutral carboxymethylcellulose formulation and in shellac formulations with various ph and concentrations of ethanol and the preservative paraben; populations were subsequently measured from the surface of citrus fruit coated with these formulations. numbers of the two bacteria increased over 24 h from 10(6) cfu/ml to approximately 10(8) cfu/ml in the carboxymethylcellulose solution, but over this ti ... | 2001 | 11726155 |
| characterization of yeast strains for wine production: effect of fermentation variables on quality of wine produced. | sixteen yeast strains isolated from grapefruit (citrus paradis), orange (citrus sinensis) and pineapple (ananas comosus) were characterized using standard microbiological procedures. the species were identified as saccharomyces uvarum, s. cerevisiae, s. carlbergensis, and s. ellipsoideus. their abilities for wine production were tested by using sugar and ethanol tolerance tests. the best biochemically active strain, s. ellipsoideus, was used along with commercially available baker's yeast (s. ce ... | 2001 | 11732717 |
| differentially expressed proteins in the interaction of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri with leaf extract of the host plant. | the present study reports the expression of proteins of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri in response to different growth conditions. the bacterium was cultured in the basal medium mm1 and in the presence of leaf extracts from a susceptible host plant (sweet orange) as well as a resistant (ponkan) and a nonhost plant (passion fruit). the protein profiles were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de). twelve differential spots (induced, up- and down-regulated and repressed) were obse ... | 2001 | 11990505 |
| characterization of an ethylene-induced esterase gene isolated from citrus sinensis by competitive hybridization. | a simple new method, competitive hybridization, for identification of differentially regulated genes was used to isolate novel genes induced by ethylene in citrus (citrus sinensis [l.] osbeck cv. shamouti) leaves. one of the isolated genes, an ethylene-induced esterase gene (eie), was further characterized. the deduced protein sequence of this gene shows a similarity to those of several plant alpha/beta hydrolase gene family members, which are known to be involved in secondary metabolism. northe ... | 2001 | 12060305 |
| effect of food plants on the volume of repellent secretion obtained in adult zonocerus variegatus (orthoptera: pyrgomorphidae). | the volume of secretion obtained from adult zonocerus variegatus (orthoptera: pyrgomorphidae) was influenced by the type of food plants. insects fed on leaves of cassava manihot esculenta, bitter leaves vernonia amygdalina, and a mixture of m. esculenta and acalypha wilkesiana gave a good volume of secretion while chromolaena odorata, elaeis guinensis, aspilia africana and citrus sinensis did not favour secretion production. no significant difference was recorded in the volume of secretion obtai ... | 2001 | 11935920 |
| sequence diversity and interrelationships among isolates of satsuma dwarf-related viruses. | the 3'-region of rna2 of three viruses (natsudaidai dwarf virus (isolate nd-1), and two unidentified isolates (lb-1, az-1)), which were related to satsuma dwarf virus (sdv), were sequenced. phylogenetic analysis including the previously reported sdv-related viruses (citrus mosaic virus (cimv, ci-968), navel orange infectious mottling virus (nimv, ni-1)) showed that they were classified into three groups, sdv (s-58), cimv (ci-968, lb-1, az-1, nd-1), and nimv (ni-1). the results suggested these gr ... | 2001 | 11402866 |
| volatile n-nitrosamine inhibition after intake korean green tea and maesil (prunus mume sieb. et zacc.) extracts with an amine-rich diet in subjects ingesting nitrate. | the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines under simulated gastric conditions was studied during the incubation of amine rich food and nitrate, and its possible inhibition by adding kumquat, sweet orange, strawberry, garlic, kale juices, maesil (prunus mume) and green tea extracts. the strawberry, kale juices, maesil and green tea extracts were equally effective in reducing the formation of n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma). the fruits of p. mume sieb. et zacc. (korean name, maesil) have been used a ... | 2002 | 12065217 |
| selection for aluminium tolerance in embryogenic lines of citrus sinensis l. and c. aurantium l. | the citrus cultivars 'amargo' and 'pineapple' produce embryogenic cultures on two types of sugars, galactose and lactose. two percent lactose is optimal for both cultivars; embryogenic callus is produced 8-10 weeks after inoculation. whereas 2% galactose is optimal for 'amargo', it is 3% for 'pineapple'. three types of embryos are recognized: whitish, greenish and heart shaped. in 8 to 10 week old cultures we do also observe a black spotted type of embryos. a high percentage of plant conversion ... | 2002 | 12491964 |
| evaluation of the genetic structure of xylella fastidiosa populations from different citrus sinensis varieties. | xylella fastidiosa was isolated from sweet orange plants (citrus sinensis) grown in two orchards in the northwest region of the brazilian state of são paulo. one orchard was part of a germ plasm field plot used for studies of citrus variegated chlorosis resistance, while the other was an orchard of c. sinensis cv. pêra clones. these two collections of strains were genotypically characterized by using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and variable number of tandem repeat (vntr) markers. the ... | 2002 | 12147466 |
| sampling methods as abundance indices for adult diaprepes abbreviatus (coleoptera: curculionidae) in citrus. | beat sampling and two type of traps, cup traps and tedders traps, were evaluated as sampling methods to detect and estimate population densities of adult diaprepes abbreviatus l. weevils newly colonizing young citrus trees. the study was conducted over a 65-wk period across a 0.25-ha area of 80 citrus trees [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] (1.2-1.5 m tall). beat samples were taken weekly to determine the number of trees infested and number of new adult weevils per tree. sixteen of the 80 trees stud ... | 2002 | 12216831 |
| high-speed characterization and analysis of orange oils with tandem-column stop-flow gc and time-of-flight ms. | high-speed gc with time-of-flight (tof) ms detection is used for the characterization and analysis of oils rendered from the peel of five diverse species of orange including bergemot orange, bitter orange, tangerine, mandarin orange, and sweet orange. with a user-defined signal-to-noise threshold of 100, 44 peaks were found and 36 compounds identified in the various oils. some major constituent components show large concentration ranges over the five species. a 14-m-long, 0. 18-mm-i.d. column en ... | 2002 | 12433099 |
| dry matter accumulation in citrus fruit is not limited by transport capacity of the pedicel. | the vascularization of the pedicel in marisol clementine (citrus clementina hort. ex tanaka) has been characterized in relation to fruit growth. phloem and xylem formation occurred during the first half of the period of fruit growth. phloem cross-sectional area reached its maximum value by the end of fruitlet abscission, 78 d after anthesis (daa), shortly after the rate of accumulation of dry matter in fruitlets reached its maximum value. secondary xylem formation occurred until day 93, well aft ... | 2002 | 12451031 |
| diversity of endophytic bacterial populations and their interaction with xylella fastidiosa in citrus plants. | citrus variegated chlorosis (cvc) is caused by xylella fastidiosa, a phytopathogenic bacterium that can infect all citrus sinensis cultivars. the endophytic bacterial communities of healthy, resistant, and cvc-affected citrus plants were studied by using cultivation as well as cultivation-independent techniques. the endophytic communities were assessed in surface-disinfected citrus branches by plating and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). dominant isolates were characterized by fat ... | 2002 | 12324338 |
| engineering a genetic transformation system for colletotrichum acutatum, the causal fungus of lime anthracnose and postbloom fruit drop of citrus. | postbloom fruit drop (pfd) of citrus is caused by colletotrichum acutatum. pfd isolates infect flower petals, induce abscission of small fruit and can cause severe yield loss on most citrus cultivars. isolates from key lime anthracnose (kla) cause that disease on the mexican lime, but also cause pfd on sweet orange. both pfd and kla isolates exhibited resistance to the common selection agents including hygromycin, bialaphos, benomyl and geneticin/g418. a genetic transformation system was develop ... | 2002 | 12127485 |
| quantification of xylella fastidiosa from citrus trees by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. | abstract xylella fastidiosa is the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (cvc), a destructive disease of sweet orange cultivars in brazil. polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assays constitute the principal diagnostic method for detection of these bacteria. in this work, we established a real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay to quantify x. fastidiosa in naturally and artificially infected citrus. the x. fastidiosa cell number detected in the leaves increased according to the age of the ... | 2002 | 18944214 |
| enzymatic modification of pectin to increase its calcium sensitivity while preserving its molecular weight. | a commercial high-methoxy citrus pectin was treated with a purified salt-independent pectin methylesterase (pme) isozyme isolated from valencia orange peel to prepare a series of deesterified pectins. a series of alkali-deesterified pectins was also prepared at ph 10 under conditions permitting beta-elimination. analysis of these pectins using high-performance size exclusion chromatography (hpsec) with on-line multiangle laser light-scattering, differential viscometer, and refractive index (ri) ... | 2002 | 11982422 |
| impact of phyllocnistis citrella (lepidoptera: gracillariidae) on leaf area development and yield of mature citrus trees in the mediterranean area. | seasonal population trends and damage to citrus trees by the leafminer phyllocnistis citrella stainton were studied in the valencia area of eastern spain from 1996 to 1999. the area-wide seasonal flushing pattern of citrus trees and leafminer population trends were determined in 10 mature citrus orchards. in the 10 orchards, the annual percentage of new shoots that developed in the spring ranged from 51 to 96% for individual orchards (mean of 80%). phyllocnistis citrella populations damaged new ... | 2002 | 12403423 |
| structural basis of the rind disorder oleocellosis in washington navel orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck). | oleocellosis, a physiological rind disorder of citrus fruit, is an unattractive surface blemish caused by phytotoxic effects of released rind oils. the development of oleocellosis in washington navel orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck) was examined by following a time sequence of surface symptoms and microscopic rind changes. the two natural causes of oleocellosis were simulated: mechanical damage to the fruit and transfer of rind oil between fruit. mechanical fruit injury resulted in rupture of ... | 2002 | 12451032 |
| characterization of a salt-independent pectin methylesterase purified from valencia orange peel. | the pectin methylesterase (pme; ec 3.1.1.11) present in a commercial orange peel enzyme preparation was characterized to establish its identity among the multiple pme isozymes present in valencia orange (citrus sinensis l.) peel. we show the commercial enzyme corresponds to the major peak 2 pme previously separated by heparin-sepharose chromatography (cameron et al., j. food sci. 1998, 63, 253). both pmes have comparable elution profiles on cation-exchange and hydrophobic-interaction perfusion c ... | 2002 | 12033828 |
| characterization of major anthocyanins and the color of red-fleshed budd blood orange (citrus sinensis). | high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with photodiode array detection was applied for the characterization of anthocyanins in red-fleshed budd blood (citrus sinensis) orange. more than seven anthocyanin pigments were separated within 30 min by using a binary gradient (0.1% h(3)p0(4) in water and 0.1% h(3)po(4) in acetonitrile) elution on a prodigy ods column. separations by reversed-phase hplc and semipreparative hplc on a prodigy 10-microm ods prep column, and acid and alkali hydrolyses ... | 2002 | 11853511 |
| a pectinmethylesterase gene associated with a heat-stable extract from citrus. | a putative thermostable pectinmethylesterase (tspme) protein of 36 kda was isolated from heat-treated citrus finisher pulp. after purification and partial sequencing of the protein, a reverse genetic approach was used to obtain the complete genomic sequence of a new pectinmethylesterase (pme) gene, cspme4, from citrus sinensis (l.) osb. cv. valencia. the cspme4 gene contained two exons of 1203 and 690 bp interrupted by a single positionally conserved intron of 1230 bp. a full-length cspme4 cdna ... | 2002 | 12033812 |
| residue uptake and storage responses of tarocco blood oranges after preharvest thiabendazole spray and postharvest heat treatment. | tarocco blood oranges (citrus sinensis linn. obsek) were subjected to a single preharvest spray with thiabendazole (tbz) at a concentration of 1% active ingredient (ai) in water and harvested 2 weeks after fungicide application or heated at 37 degrees c for 48 h under saturated humidity after harvest. the two treatments were also combined before cold quarantine (3 weeks at 2 degrees c), subsequent storage (3 weeks at 8 degrees c), and simulated marketing period (smp) (1 week at 20 degrees c). fr ... | 2002 | 11929286 |
| participation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in nitric oxide-induced plant cell death. | in the present study, we investigated the involvement of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (ptp) in nitric oxide (no)-induced plant cell death. no donors such as sodium nitroprusside (snp) and s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine inhibited growth and caused death in suspension-cultured cells of citrus sinensis. cells treated with snp showed chromatin condensation and fragmentation, characteristic of apoptosis. snp caused loss of the mitochondrial membrane electrical potential, which was ... | 2002 | 11801241 |
| phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene expression during abscission in citrus. | phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) gene expression was examined in fruit and leaf abscission zones of valencia orange for periods up to 72 h after induction of abscission with ethrel(r) (cepa) or the citrus mature fruit-specific abscission material 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1h-pyrazole (cmn-p). pal gene expression was detected in mature fruit abscission zones beginning 6 and 24 h after cepa and cmn-p application, respectively, and continued up to 72 h. pal gene expression was detected in leaf abs ... | 2002 | 12207668 |
| clarification of juice by thermolabile valencia pectinmethylesterase is accelerated by cations. | pectinmethylesterase (pme) was isolated from valencia orange pulp and added to reconstituted juice at 1.2 units/ml of juice in the presence or absence of cations at 4.2 or 16.7 mm. the percent transmittance (%t) of control juices with no added pme or cation did not clarify. the %t of juices with added pme and added cation was 45-55% by the second day. increases in the average particle size was observed with pme- or cation-added juices and preceded increases in %t. most likely, cations displaced ... | 2002 | 12083889 |
| linalool in orange juice: origin and thermal stability. | linalool concentrations were determined in juice from three groups of 60 valencia oranges using pentane:ether extraction and high-resolution capillary gc. the outer peel (flavedo) was removed from one group. the other two groups retained their peel intact. juice was extricated from the halved fruits of the flavedo-less group and from one of the peel-intact groups using a hand reamer. a peel-cutting/macerating juice extractor was used for the other peel-intact group. linalool concentrations were ... | 2003 | 12502407 |
| nonhost status of citrus sinensis cultivar valencia and c. paradisi cultivar ruby red to mexican anastrepha fraterculus (diptera: tephritidae). | anastrepha fraterculus (wiedemann) is recognized as a pest of citrus, apples, and blackberries in south america. in mexico, it is mainly found in fruit of the family myrtaceae and has never been reported infesting citrus. here, we sought to determine whether females stemming from mexican a. fraterculus populations (collected in the state of veracruz) would lay eggs in 'valencia' oranges and 'ruby red' grapefruit and, if so, whether larvae would hatch and develop. we worked under laboratory and s ... | 2003 | 14977105 |
| citrus leprosis and its status in florida and texas: past and present. | according to published reports from 1906 to 1968, leprosis nearly destroyed the florida citrus industry prior to 1925. this was supported with photographs showing typical leprosis symptoms on citrus leaves, fruit, and twigs. support for the past occurrence of citrus leprosis in florida includes: (1) presence of twig lesions in affected orange blocks in addition to lesions on fruits and leaves and corresponding absence of similar lesions on grapefruit; (2) yield reduction and die-back on infected ... | 2003 | 14756416 |
| simultaneous determination of cd(ii), cu(ii), pb(ii), and zn(ii) in citrus essential oils by derivative potentiometric stripping analysis. | citrus essential oils are widely used in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries, so the determination of heavy metals content is of great importance to guarantee their quality. the present work deals with the quantification of cd(ii), cu(ii), pb(ii), and zn(ii) in different varieties of citrus essential oils, using derivative potentiometric stripping analysis. two different metals extraction procedures, involving concentrated hydrochloric acid treatment and acid-alcoholic dissolution ... | 2003 | 12590445 |
| characterization of pinalate, a novel citrus sinensis mutant with a fruit-specific alteration that results in yellow pigmentation and decreased aba content. | the characterization of a novel mutant, named pinalate, derived from the orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck) navelate, which produces distinctive yellow fruits instead of the typical bright orange colouration, is reported. the carotenoid content and composition, and aba content in leaf and flavedo tissue (coloured part of the skin) of fruits at different developmental and maturation stages were analysed. no important differences in leaf carotenoid pattern of both phenotypes were found. however, a ... | 2003 | 12554716 |
| in vitro hypoglycemic effects of different insoluble fiber-rich fractions prepared from the peel of citrus sinensis l. cv. liucheng. | insoluble fiber-rich fractions (frfs), including insoluble dietary fiber, alcohol-insoluble solid, and water-insoluble solid, were isolated from the peel of citrus sinensis l. cv. liucheng. we found that these three frfs could effectively adsorb glucose, retard glucose diffusion, and inhibit the activity of alpha-amylase to different extents. these mechanisms might create a concerted benefit in decreasing the rate of glucose absorption and eventually lower the concentration of postprandial serum ... | 2003 | 14558787 |
| fruit load and canopy shading affect leaf characteristics and net gas exchange of 'spring' navel orange trees. | five-year-old 'spring' navel (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck) orange trees were completely defruited, 50% defruited or left fully laden to study effects of fruit load on concentrations of nitrogen (n) and carbohydrate, net assimilation of co2 (ac) and stomatal conductance (gs) of mature leaves on clear winter days just before fruit harvest. leaves on defruited trees were larger, had higher starch concentrations and greater leaf dry mass per area (ldma) than leaves on fruited trees. both ac and gs w ... | 2003 | 14532013 |
| the compositional characterisation and antioxidant activity of fresh juices from sicilian sweet orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck) varieties. | epidemiological evidence has suggested that consumption of fruit and vegetables reduces the risk of both cancer and cardiovascular diseases, potentially through the biological actions of components such as vitamin c, vitamin e, flavonoids and carotenoids. citrus species are extremely rich sources in vitamin c and flavanones, a class of compounds which belongs to the flavonoids family. a comparison of the phenolic compositions, the ascorbic acid contents and the antioxidant activities of fresh si ... | 2003 | 12868495 |
| volatile emissions of navel oranges as predictors of freeze damage. | volatile emissions of navel orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck cv. washington) fruit were evaluated as a means for predicting and gauging freeze damage. the fruits were subjected to -5 or -7 degrees c treatments in a laboratory freezer for various time periods of 2-9.5 h and stored at 23 degrees c for 1, 2, or 7 days, after which time the emission of volatiles from the fruit was measured. following the final day of volatile measurements the fruits were stored at 5 degrees c for an additional 2-3 ... | 2003 | 12744668 |
| vitamin c, provitamin a carotenoids, and other carotenoids in high-pressurized orange juice during refrigerated storage. | vitamin c, provitamin a carotenoids, and other carotenoids were measured in freshly squeezed juices from oranges (citrus sinensis l. var. valencia late) that were subjected to high-pressure (hp) treatment. also, the stability of these compounds was studied during refrigerated storage at 4 degrees c. hp treatment is an alternative to heat preservation methods for foods; therefore, it is essential to assess the impact of hp on bioactive compounds. several processes that combine hp treatment with h ... | 2003 | 12537436 |
| moderate shade can increase net gas exchange and reduce photoinhibition in citrus leaves. | daily variations in net gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and water relations of mature, sun-acclimated grapefruit (citrus paradisi macfady.) and orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck) leaves were determined in tree canopies either shaded with 50% shade screens or left unshaded (sunlit). mean daily maximum photosynthetic photon flux density (ppfd) under shade varied from 500 to 700 micromol m-2 s-1 and was sufficient to achieve maximum net co2 assimilation rates (a co2). responses of grapefru ... | 2003 | 12533306 |
| comparison of the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of different fibers prepared from the peel of citrus sinensis l. cv. liucheng. | fiber-rich fractions (frfs) including soluble and insoluble dietary fibers (sdf and idf), alcohol-insoluble solid (ais), and water-insoluble solid (wis) were isolated from the peel of citrus sinensis l. cv. liucheng for analysis and tests. the peel was rich in insoluble frfs (idf, ais, and wis; 476-515 g kg(-1) of peel), which were mainly composed of pectic substances and cellulose, and also contained pectic polysaccharide-rich sdf (94.1 g kg(-1) of peel). these insoluble frfs had water-holding ... | 2003 | 12696946 |
| biochemical characterization of blood orange, sweet orange, lemon, bergamot and bitter orange. | this paper reports on the composition of aroma compounds and fatty acids and some physico-chemical parameters (juice percentage, acidity and total sugars) in five varieties of citrus: blood orange, sweet orange, lemon, bergamot and bitter orange. volatile compounds and methyl esters have been analyzed by gas chromatography. limonene is the most abundant compound of monoterpene hydrocarbons for all of the examined juices. eighteen fatty acids have been identified in the studied citrus juices, the ... | 2003 | 12648552 |
| separation and characterization of a salt-dependent pectin methylesterase from citrus sinensis var. valencia fruit tissue. | a pectin methylesterase (pme) from sweet orange fruit rag tissue, which does not destabilize citrus juice cloud, has been characterized. it is a salt-dependent pme (type ii) and exhibits optimal activity between 0.1 and 0.2 m nacl at ph 7.5. the ph optimum shifted to a more alkaline range as the salt molarity decreased (ph 8.5-9.5 at 50 mm nacl). it has an apparent molecular mass of 32.4 kda as determined by gel filtration chromatography, an apparent molecular mass of 33.5 kda as determined by d ... | 2003 | 12643675 |
| geographical genetic structure of xylella fastidiosa from citrus in são paulo state, brazil. | abstract a total of 360 xylella fastidiosa strains were isolated from sweet orange (citrus sinensis) cv. pera plants growing in five geographic regions in the brazilian state of são paulo. the genetic variation of these strains was determined by 15 variable number tandem repeat (vntr) and 58 random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers. the mean values of genetic diversity (h) of x. fastidiosa strains within each geographic region determined by rapd (h(rapd)) were substantially lower than h(v ... | 2003 | 18944153 |
| presence of xylella fastidiosa in sweet orange fruit and seeds and its transmission to seedlings. | abstract xylella fastidiosa, a xylem-limited bacterium, causes several economically important diseases in north, central, and south america. these diseases are transmitted by sharpshooter insects, contaminated budwood, and natural root-grafts. x. fastidiosa extensively colonizes the xylem vessels of susceptible plants. citrus fruit have a well-developed vascular system, which is continuous with the vascular system of the plant. citrus seeds develop very prominent vascular bundles, which are atta ... | 2003 | 18943861 |
| disease development and symptom expression of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri in various citrus plant tissues. | abstract experimental inoculations of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri in different tissues of tahiti lime and pineapple sweet orange were conducted monthly under natural conditions on réunion island. the interactions between a set of environmental and epidemic variables associated with disease expression and 184 different factor combinations were investigated to determine the parameters needed to explain asiatic citrus canker (acc) disease expression. area under the disease progress curve (audp ... | 2003 | 18943164 |
| spatial and temporal analyses of citrus sudden death as a tool to generate hypotheses concerning its etiology. | abstract citrus sudden death (csd), a new disease of unknown etiology that affects sweet orange grafted on rangpur lime, was visually monitored for 14 months in 41 groves in brazil. ordinary runs analysis of csd-symptomatic trees indicated a departure from randomness of symptomatic trees status among immediately adjacent trees mainly within rows. the binomial index of dispersion (d) and the intraclass correlation (k) for various quadrat sizes suggested aggregation of csd-symptomatic trees for al ... | 2003 | 18944366 |
| chloride absorption in salt-sensitive carrizo citrange and salt-tolerant cleopatra mandarin citrus rootstocks is linked to water use. | in this work, seedlings of two citrus rootstocks, the salt-tolerant cleopatra mandarin (citrus reshni hort. ex tan.) and the salt-sensitive carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis [l.] osb. x poncirus trifoliata [l.] raf.) were used to study the relationship between chloride and water uptake. the results indicated that net chloride uptake rates in both genotypes were alike and decreased linearly with the time of salinity exposure, although they were more rapidly reduced in the tolerant genotype. in ea ... | 2003 | 12554725 |
| juice components of a new pigmented citrus hybrid citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck x citrus clementina hort. ex tan. | fruit juice of a new pigmented citrus hybrid named omo-31 and those of its parents clementine cv. oroval (citrus clementina hort. ex tan.) and moro orange [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] were analyzed during fruit maturation to determine juice yield, total soluble solids (tss), total acidity (ta), tss/ta ratio (classical parameters of quality), and potential health beneficial components, such as vitamin c, flavanones, anthocyanins, and phenolic acids. results showed that juice yield, ta, tss, and ... | 2003 | 12617593 |
| molecular characterization of cytoplasmic and nuclear genomes in phenotypically abnormal valencia orange (citrus sinensis) + meiwa kumquat (fortunella crassifolia) intergeneric somatic hybrids. | organelle dna inheritance of four 10-year-old somatic hybrid trees between valencia orange [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] and meiwa kumquat (fortunella crassifolia swingle) was analyzed by cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (caps) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). five chloroplast (cp) and three mitochondrial (mt) universal primer pairs were amplified, but no polymorphisms were detected. when the polymerase chain reaction products were digested by 15 restriction enzymes, ... | 2003 | 12789447 |
| genetically modified crops: environmental and human health concerns. | about 10,000 years ago subsistence farmers started to domesticate plants and it was only much later, after the discovery of the fundaments of genetics, those organisms were submitted to rational genetic improvement mainly by selecting of traits of interest. breeders used appropriate gene combinations to produce new animal races, plant varieties and hybrids, as well as improved microorganisms such as yeasts. after the introduction of recombinant dna techniques, the transfer of dna between species ... | 2003 | 14644324 |
| polymorphism of a specific region in gene p23 of citrus tristeza virus allows discrimination between mild and severe isolates. | the pathogenicity determinants of citrus tristeza virus (ctv) are presently unknown, although transgenic mexican limes over-expressing ctv p23, an rna-binding protein involved in regulating the asymmetrical accumulation of viral rna strands, display typical ctv symptoms. here we compared the predominant sequence variants of gene p23 from 18 ctv isolates of different geographic origin and pathogenicity characteristics. phylogenetic analysis of these sequences revealed three groups of isolates: i) ... | 2003 | 14648289 |
| sodium sulphite yields improved dna of higher stability for pcr detection of citrus yellow mosaic virus from citrus leaves. | citrus yellow mosaic virus (cymv), a non-enveloped bacilliform dna virus causes a severe mosaic disease in sweet oranges in india. cymv is weakly immunogenic, thus serodiagnosis is not a preferred method for its detection. as an alternative a rapid and reliable detection protocol by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed. however, high levels of polyphenolics and tannins in citrus leaves generally interfered with obtaining good quality dna, and thus affected the reliable detection of viru ... | 2003 | 12951224 |
| factors influencing agrobacterium-mediated embryogenic callus transformation of valencia sweet orange (citrus sinensis) containing the pta29-barnase gene. | valencia sweet orange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck) calluses were used as explants to develop a new transformation system for citrus mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. factors affecting agrobacterium-mediated transformation efficiency included mode of pre-cultivation, temperature of cocultivation and presence of acetosyringone (as). the highest transformation efficiency was obtained with a 4-day pre-cultivation period in liquid medium. transformation efficiency was higher when cocultivation ... | 2003 | 14597430 |
| leaf volatile compounds of seven citrus somatic tetraploid hybrids sharing willow leaf mandarin (citrus deliciosa ten.) as their common parent. | volatile compounds were extracted by a pentane/ether (1:1) mixture from the leaves of seven citrus somatic tetraploid hybrids sharing mandarin as their common parent and having lime, eurêka lemon, lac lemon, sweet orange, grapefruit, kumquat, or poncirus as the other parent. extracts were examined by gc-ms and compared with those of their respective parents. all hybrids were like their mandarin parent, and unlike their nonmandarin parents, in being unable to synthesize monoterpene aldehydes and ... | 2003 | 13129309 |
| native and introduced host plants of anastrepha fraterculus and ceratitis capitata (diptera: tephritidae) in northwestern argentina. | wild or commercially grown, native and exotic fruit were collected in 30 localities in the tucumán province (nw argentina) from january 1990 to december 1995 to determine their status as hosts of anastrepha fraterculus (wiedemann) and/or ceratitis capitata (wiedemann), the only two fruit fly species of economic and quarantine importance in argentina. a total of 84,094 fruit (3,466.1 kg) representing 33 species (7 native and 26 exotic) in 15 plant families were sampled. we determined the followin ... | 2003 | 14503581 |
| [effects of high temperature stress on net photosynthetic rate and photosystem ii activity in citrus]. | table adc-225-mk3 co2 gas analyzer and pam-2000 portable fluorescence measurement system were used to measure the net photosynthetic rate (pn), initial fluorescence (fo), maximal photochemical efficiency of ps ii (fv/fm) and electron transport rate (etr) of satsuma mandarin (citrus unshiu marc.) and navel orange (c. sinensis osbeck) leaves. the results showed that exposure of citrus plants to high temperature (38-40 degrees c) led to a lowering of pn, fv/fm, and etr, whereas fo increased. after ... | 2003 | 12973985 |
| analysis of gene expression in two growth states of xylella fastidiosa and its relationship with pathogenicity. | xylella fastidiosa is a plant pathogen responsible for diseases of economically important crops. although there is considerable disagreement about its mechanism of pathogenicity, blockage of the vessels is one of the most accepted hypotheses. loss of virulence by this bacterium was observed after serial passages in axenic culture. to confirm the loss of pathogenicity of x. fastidiosa, the causing agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (cvc), freshly-isolated bacteria (first passage [fp] condition) ... | 2003 | 14558688 |
| brevipalpus californicus, b. obovatus, b. phoenicis, and b. lewisi (acari: tenuipalpidae): a review of their biology, feeding injury and economic importance. | the genus brevipalpus includes most of the economically important species of tenuipalpidae. many brevipalpus species reproduce by theletokous parthenogenesis while other species reproduce by male fertilization of female eggs. previous researchers have determined that brevipalpus californicus (banks), b. obovatus donnadieu, and b. phoenicis (geijskes) females were haploid with two chromosomes. the life cycle and developmental times for these three species are reviewed. longevity of each brevipalp ... | 2003 | 14756411 |
| adult diet and male-female contact effects on female reproductive potential in mexican fruit fly (anastrepha ludens loew) (diptera tephritidae). | wild strains of fruit flies (diptera: tephritidae) placed into laboratory rearing conditions are subjected to selection pressures caused by the diet, cages, density of flies, and other factors. selection that changes mating behavior of the strain may result in less effective males released in sterile insect programs. tests were performed to examine the effects of protein in diet and adult interactions on egg production and mating during sexual maturation of the mexican fruit fly (anastrepha lude ... | 2003 | 14994799 |
| a simple method for in vivo expression studies of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. | a major problem in studying bacterial plant pathogens is obtaining the microorganism directly from the plant tissue to perform in vivo expression (protein or mrna) analyses. here we report an easy and fast protocol to isolate xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri directly from the host plant, in sufficient amounts to perform protein fingerprinting by 2-d gel electrophoresis as well as rna expression assays. the protein profile obtained was very similar to that of x. axonopodis pv. citri grown in the ... | 2003 | 14669917 |
| induction of apoptosis by citrus paradisi essential oil in human leukemic (hl-60) cells. | limonene is a primary component of citrus essential oils (eos) and has been reported to induce apoptosis on tumor cells. little is known about induction of apoptosis by citrus eos. in this study, we examined induction of apoptosis by citrus aurantium var. dulcis (sweet orange) eo, citrus paradisi (grapefruit) eo and citrus limon (lemon) eo. these eos induced apoptosis in hl-60 cells and the apoptosis activities were related to the limonene content of the eos. moreover, sweet orange eo and grapef ... | 2003 | 14758720 |
| the use of the pmi/mannose selection system to recover transgenic sweet orange plants (citrus sinensis l. osbeck). | a new method for obtaining transgenic sweet orange plants was developed in which positive selection (positech) based on the escherichia coli phosphomannose-isomerase (pmi) gene as the selectable marker gene and mannose as the selective agent was used. epicotyl segments from in vitro-germinated plants of valencia, hamlin, natal and pera sweet oranges were inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens eha101-pnov2116 and subsequently selected on medium supplemented with different concentrations of man ... | 2003 | 12879258 |
| chiral separation of diastereomeric flavanone-7-o-glycosides in citrus by capillary electrophoresis. | the 2s- and 2r-diastereomers of major flavanone-7-o-glycosides found in sweet orange (citrus sinensis), mandarine (citrus deliciosa), grapefruit (citrus paradisi), lemon (citrus limon), and sour or bitter orange juice (citrus aurantium) were separated for the first time by chiral capillary electrophoresis (ce) employing various buffers with combined chiral selectors. native cyclodextrins (cds), neutral and charged cd derivatives were examined as chiral additives to the background electrolyte (bg ... | 2003 | 12900888 |
| effects of 15n application frequency on nitrogen uptake efficiency in citrus trees. | two irrigation systems were used to compare nitrogen uptake efficiency in citrus trees and to evaluate the no3- runoff in "navelina" orange trees [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] on carrizo citrange rootstock (citrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata raf.). these were fertilized with 125 g n as labelled k15no3 and grown outdoors in containers filled with a sand-loamy soil. two groups of 3 trees received this n dose either in five equally split applications by a flooding irrigation system or in 66 appl ... | 2003 | 14717433 |
| improvement in growth and salt resistance of lemon (citrus limon) trees by an interstock-induced mechanism. | interstocks can reduce toxic ion accumulations in leaves of budded citrus trees, but the mechanism is not understood. we grew sour orange (citrus aurantium l.; so) seedlings, budded trees of 'salustiano' orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck; sao) on so, 'verna' lemon (citrus limon l. burm. f; vl/so) and interstock trees (vl/sao/so) in pots of sand watered with nutrient solution containing 5 (control) or 50 mm nacl (saline treatment) for 12 weeks. plants were harvested in six successive harvests and ... | 2003 | 14532011 |
| interstock-induced mechanism of increased growth and salt resistance of orange (citrus sinensis) trees. | interstocks improve the growth and salt resistance of lemon (citrus limon (l.) burm. f.) trees, but their effects on orange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck) trees are unknown. we grew 'cleopatra' mandarin (cm) seedlings, budded trees of 'salustiano' orange (sao) on cm, 'valencia late' orange (vlo) on cm (vlo/cm), and interstock trees vlo/sao/cm in pots of sand watered with nutrient solution containing 5 (control) or 50 mm nacl for 12 weeks. plants were harvested on six successive occasions and the ... | 2004 | 15294757 |
| a new abscisic acid catabolic pathway. | we report the discovery of a new hydroxylated abscisic acid (aba) metabolite, found in the course of a mass spectrometric study of aba metabolism in brassica napus siliques. this metabolite reveals a previously unknown catabolic pathway for aba in which the 9'-methyl group of aba is oxidized. analogs of (+)-aba deuterated at the 8'-carbon atom and at both the 8'- and 9'-carbon atoms were fed to green siliques, and extracts containing the deuterated oxidized metabolites were analyzed to determine ... | 2004 | 14671016 |
| a new virus related to satsuma dwarf virus: the nucleotide sequence of the 3'-terminal regions of hyuganatsu virus rnas 1 and 2. brief report. | the sequences of the 3'-terminal 1306 and 2160 nucleotides of rnas 1 and 2 of a virus serologically related to satsuma dwarf virus (sdv) from hyuganatsu ( citrus tamurana hort. ex tan.) were determined, respectively. we found that the partial rna-dependent rna polymerase region in rna1 and the coat proteins (cps) region in rna2 of the virus tentatively named hyuganatsu virus (hv) have 78.3-84.0% and 76.9-80.7% amino acid sequence identities to those of known sdv-related viruses (sdv-rvs), i.e., ... | 2004 | 15221545 |
| isolation and characterization of a terminal flower homolog and its correlation with juvenility in citrus. | terminal flower is a key regulator of floral timing in arabidopsis and other herbaceous species. a homolog of this gene, cstfl, was isolated from the hybrid perennial tree crop washington navel orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck). the deduced amino acid sequence of cstfl was 65% identical to the arabidopsis tfl1 protein. wild-type arabidopsis plants ectopically expressing cstfl showed late-flowering phenotypes similar to those described for overexpression of arabidopsis tfl1. in addition, the 35s ... | 2004 | 15235113 |
| accumulation of carotenoids and expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes during maturation in citrus fruit. | the relationship between carotenoid accumulation and the expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes during fruit maturation was investigated in three citrus varieties, satsuma mandarin (citrus unshiu marc.), valencia orange (citrus sinensis osbeck), and lisbon lemon (citrus limon burm.f.). we cloned the cdnas for phytoene synthase (citpsy), phytoene desaturase (citpds), zeta-carotene (car) desaturase (citzds), carotenoid isomerase (citcrtiso), lycopene beta-cyclase (citlcyb), beta-ring hydroxyl ... | 2004 | 14739348 |
| nitrate improves growth in salt-stressed citrus seedlings through effects on photosynthetic activity and chloride accumulation. | we analyzed the effects of nitrate availability on growth of navelina (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck) scions grafted on three citrus rootstocks differing in salt tolerance: carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck x poncirus trifoliata (l.) raf.), citrus macrophylla wester and cleopatra mandarin (citrus reshni hort. ex tanaka). salt stress reduced total plant biomass by 27-38%, whereas potassium nitrate supplementation partially counteracted this effect by increasing dry matter and new leaf a ... | 2004 | 15234900 |
| qtl analysis of citrus tristeza virus-citradia interaction. | citrus tristeza virus (ctv) has caused the death of millions of trees grafted on sour orange ( citrus aurantium). however, this rootstock is very well adapted to the mediterranean, semi-arid conditions. the aim of the present research is to genetically analyze the accumulation of ctv in a progeny derived from the cross between c. aurantium and poncirus trifoliata, both resistant to ctv isolate t-346. graft propagation of 104 hybrids was done on healthy sweet orange as a rootstock. three months l ... | 2004 | 14614564 |
| expressed sequence enrichment for candidate gene analysis of citrus tristeza virus resistance. | several studies have reported markers linked to a putative resistance gene from poncirus trifoliata ( ctv-r) located at linkage group 4 that confers resistance against one of the most important citrus pathogens, citrus tristeza virus (ctv). to be successful in both marker-assisted selection and transformation experiments, its accurate mapping is needed. several factors may affect its localization, among them two are considered here: the definition of resistance and the genetic background of prog ... | 2004 | 14624336 |
| potent inhibition by star fruit of human cytochrome p450 3a (cyp3a) activity. | there has been very limited information on the capacities of tropical fruits to inhibit human cytochrome p450 3a (cyp3a) activity. thus, the inhibitory effects of tropical fruits on midazolam 1'-hydroxylase activity of cyp3a in human liver microsomes were evaluated. eight tropical fruits such as common papaw, dragon fruit, kiwi fruit, mango, passion fruit, pomegranate, rambutan, and star fruit were tested. we also examined the inhibition of cyp3a activity by grapefruit (white) and valencia orang ... | 2004 | 15155547 |
| estimation of the number of aphids carrying citrus tristeza virus that visit adult citrus trees. | aphid species were counted on citrus trees in orchards in valencia, spain, in the spring and autumn of 1997, 1998 and 1999. moericke yellow water traps, the 'sticky shoot' method and counts of established colonies were used in extensive surveys in which 29,502 aphids were recorded and identified. aphis spiraecola and aphis gossypii were the most abundant aphid species. the numbers of aphid species landing on mature trees of grapefruit, sweet orange, lemon and clementine and satsuma mandarins, we ... | 2004 | 15036840 |
| production of intergeneric somatic hybrids between round kumquat (fortunella japonica swingle) and 'morita navel' orange (citrus sinensis osbeck). | intergeneric somatic hybrids between embryogenic callus-derived protoplasts of round kumquat (fortunella japonica swingle) and 'morita navel' orange (citrus sinensis osbeck) were produced by electrofusion. among the eight different fusion strains obtained, six showed normal morphology, whereas the remaining two showed malformation. all the regenerated plants were intermediate in leaf morphology and had thick and round leaves, which are typical characteristics of polyploids. ploidy analyses by fl ... | 2004 | 14997338 |
| expression of green fluorescent protein in xylella fastidiosa is affected by passage through host plants. | xylella fastidiosa, a gram-negative bacterial plant pathogen, causes pierce's disease of grapevine in north america. in south america the pathogen causes citrus variegated chlorosis, which is widespread in brazil. we have introduced into xylella fastidiosa a mini-tn5 transposon that encodes a green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene optimized for expression in bacteria. the mini-tn5 derivative was inserted into different sites of the genome in independent transconjugants as determined by southern bl ... | 2004 | 15386107 |
| impact of genetically modified enterobacter cloacae on indigenous endophytic community of citrus sinensis seedlings. | enterobacter cloacae (strain pr2/7), a genetically modified endophyte (gme) in citrus plants, carrying different plasmids (pec3.0/18, pcele, pegla and pgfp), was inoculated into citrus sinensis seedlings under greenhouse conditions. the impact of this on the indigenous bacterial endophytic community was studied by analyses of 2 different morphologic groups. the germination rates of inoculated seeds were evaluated in greenhouse, and plasmid stability under in vitro conditions. results demonstrate ... | 2004 | 15459643 |
| a new potato virus in a new lineage of picorna-like viruses. | on constructing a cdna library for potato, 'contaminating' sequences with a significant identity to apple latent spherical virus (alsv) were found. determination of the remaining genome sequence indicated the presence of a bipartite virus with an rna1 and 2 of 7034 and 3315 nucleotides, respectively, excluding a poly(a)tail. rna1 encodes a single polyprotein (233 kda) and shares highest amino acid identity with alsv at 65%. conserved amino acid motifs typical for helicase, protease and rna-depen ... | 2004 | 15503203 |
| interaction between endophytic bacteria from citrus plants and the phytopathogenic bacteria xylella fastidiosa, causal agent of citrus-variegated chlorosis. | to isolate endophytic bacteria and xylella fastidiosa and also to evaluate whether the bacterial endophyte community contributes to citrus-variegated chlorosis (cvc) status in sweet orange (citrus sinensis [l.] osbeck cv. pera). | 2004 | 15189288 |
| changes in the levels of polymethoxyflavones and flavanones as part of the defense mechanism of citrus sinensis (cv. valencia late) fruits against phytophthora citrophthora. | phytophthora citrophthora causes serious losses in citrus fruits through brown rot lesion. the effect of infection with p. citrophthora on citrus sinensis (cv. valencia late) fruits was studied, with particular reference to the levels of the flavanones hesperidin and isonaringin and the polymethoxyflavones sinensetin, nobiletin, tangeretin, and heptamethoxyflavone, because flavonoids are most probably involved as natural defense or resistance mechanisms in this genus. changes in the levels of th ... | 2004 | 15053528 |