| lemon (citrus limon, burm.f.) essential oil enhances the trans-epidermal release of lipid-(a, e) and water-(b6, c) soluble vitamins from topical emulsions in reconstructed human epidermis. | topical bioavailability of lipid- and water-soluble vitamins is a critical issue for protecting or anti-ageing formulations. using 17-day-old skinethic(®) reconstructed human epidermis, we investigated (at 34°c) the role of lemon eo in enhancing the penetration of α-tocopherol (e) and retinyl acetate (a), pyridoxine (b(6)) and ascorbic acid (c), released from o/w or w/o emulsions. d-limonene, α-pinene and p-cymene (65.9, 2.2 and 0.5%w/w of the oil) had skin permeability coefficients ps (10(-3) c ... | 2012 | 22515469 |
| essential oil composition of citrus meyerii y. tan. and citrus medica l. cv. diamante and their lemon hybrids. | in this paper we report the volatile fraction composition of citrus meyerii y. tan. and citrus medica l. cv. diamante and two new lemon hybrids obtained by cross-breeding them with the tetraploid citrus limon burm. cv. cavone. both parent and hybrid oils were laboratory-extracted from the peel fruits and analyzed by hrgc-ms and hrgc-fid. sixty-three components were fully characterized by mass spectra, linear retention indices, and injection of standards. the average composition as single compone ... | 2005 | 15941331 |
| inter-simple sequence repeat markers and flow cytometry for the characterization of closely related citrus limon germplasms. | the genetic relationship among commercial cultivars of citrus limon (lemon) was analysed by inter-simple sequence repeats (issr) and flow cytometry techniques. two cultivars with a close germplasm were distinguished by screening 10 ssr primers and by measuring dna content of prestained nuclei. | 2004 | 15483390 |
| volatile constituents of wild citrus mangshanyegan (citrus nobilis lauriro) peel oil. | volatiles of a wild mandarin, mangshanyegan (citrus nobilis lauriro), were characterized by gc-ms, and their aroma active compounds were identified by aroma extract dilution analysis (aeda) and gas chromatography-olfactometry (gc-o). the volatile profile of mangshanyegan was compared with those of other four citrus species, kaopan pummelo (citrus grandis), eureka lemon (citrus limon), huangyanbendizao tangerine (citrus reticulata), and seike navel orange (citrus sinensis). monoterpene hydrocarbo ... | 2012 | 22352344 |
| variability of 137cs and 40k soil-to-fruit transfer factor in tropical lemon trees during the fruit development period. | in this investigation we evaluate the soil uptake of (137)cs and (40)k by tropical plants and their consequent translocation to fruits, by calculating the soil-to-fruit transfer factors defined as f(v) = [concentration of radionuclide in fruit (bq kg(-1) dry mass)/concentration of radionuclide in soil (bq kg(-1) dry mass in upper 20 cm)]. in order to obtain f(v) values, the accumulation of these radionuclides in fruits of lemon trees (citrus limon b.) during the fruit growth was measured. a math ... | 2012 | 22115437 |
| host involvement in the improved decay control following nahco3 co-application with imazalil. | in order to improve the treatment efficiency of conventional synthetic fungicides we investigated the relationship between the decay control efficacy and the concentration of imazalil (imz) when the fungicide was co-applied with nahco3 (sbc) for 2 min. experiments were carried out using lemon fruit (citrus limon (l.) burm .f. cv verna), either wounded or not before the treatment with 0, 50, 100, 250 or 1000 microg ml(-1) imz or the co-application of 3% sbc with 0, 50, 100 and 250 microg ml(-1) i ... | 2009 | 20222555 |
| new 4'-substituted flavones from the fruit peels of citrus limon (l.) burm.f. | two new 4'-substituted flavones isolated from the fruit peels of citrus limon (l.) burm.f. (rutaceae) have been characterized as 4'-(9'-ethylene-16'-methylnon-9',15'-dien-7',11'-oate)-5,7-dimethoxyflavone (limonflavonyl lactone a, 1) and 4'-(9'-ethylene-16'-methylnon-9',15'-dien-7',11'-oate)-5,7,3'-trimethoxyflavone (limonflavonyl lactone b, 2) on the basis of spectral data and chemical analyses. both the flavones are reported for the first time from a plant source. | 2009 | 19031257 |
| identification of zygotic and nucellar seedlings in citrus interploid crosses by means of isozymes, flow cytometry and issr-pcr. | 'milam' (a purported hybrid of citrus jambhiri lush) + 'femminello' lemon (citrus limon l. burm. f.) allotetraploid somatic hybrids were used as pollen parents in interploid crosses with diploid 'femminello' lemon to achieve mal secco tolerance in different populations of seedless triploid lemon types with good fruit quality. a total of 137 plantlets were obtained and subjected to screening experiments, in order to distinguish zygotic embryos from nucellars. here we report on and discuss the res ... | 2002 | 12378230 |
| [antioxidant properties of essential oils from lemon, grapefruit, coriander, clove, and their mixtures]. | antioxidant properties of individual essential oils from lemon (citrus limon l.), pink grapefruit (citrus paradise l.), coriander (coriandrum sativum l.), and clove (caryophyllus aromaticus l.) buds and their mixtures were studied by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. antioxidant activity was assessed by oxidation of the aliphatic aldehyde hexanal to the carboxylic acid. the lowest and highest antioxidant activities were exhibited by grapefruit and clove bud essential oils, respectively. mixtu ... | 2015 | 18924419 |
| preference and performance of phyllocnistis citrella stainton (lepidoptera: gracillariidae) on three citrus hosts: laboratory and field assessment. | the relationship between preference and performance is crucial to the ecology and evolution of plant-insect interactions. oviposition preference and offspring performance were evaluated for a citrus pest, the leafminer phyllocnistis citrella (lepidoptera: gracillariidae), on three of its host plants: lemon (citrus limon l. burm.), orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck), and grapefruit (citrus paradisi macfadyen) in tucumán province (northwest argentina). choice and no-choice tests were performed in ... | 2008 | 18801269 |
| chiral separation of six diastereomeric flavanone-7-o-glycosides by capillary electrophoresis and analysis of lemon juice. | the diastereomers of six major flavanone-7-o-glycosides (naringin, prunin, narirutin, hesperidin, neohesperidin and eriocitrin) were completely separated for the first time by chiral capillary electrophoresis (ce) employing various buffers and chiral selectors on the basis of the results achieved in 1998 in our research group by mellenthin. the following chiral additives to the background electrolyte (bge) were examined: native cyclodextrins (cds; alpha-, beta- and gamma-cd), neutral cyclodextri ... | 2001 | 11519812 |
| online rplc-gc via totad method to isolate (+)-methyl epijasmonate from lemon (citrus limon burm.). | pure (+)-methyl epijasmonate was isolated from lemon ( citrus limon burm.) for the first time. to that aim, two commercial essential oils and one homemade extract were included in the present paper. first, a study on the appropriate chromatographic conditions to avoid the epimerization from methyl epijasmonate to the more stable methyl jasmonate was accomplished. the results obtained are discussed. the presence of (+)-methyl epijasmonate in the three samples studied was initially established thr ... | 2008 | 18588312 |
| involvement of limonene hydroperoxides formed after oil gland injury in the induction of defense response against penicillium digitatum in lemon fruit. | the effects of wounding oil glands of lemon [citrus limon (l.) burm.] fruit were investigated. young mature-green lemons demonstrated significantly lower decay incidence than older yellow fruit when their oil glands were punctured in the presence of postharvest wound pathogen penicillium digitatum sacc. contact with the released gland content on the green lemon surface reduced the viability of p. digitatum spores approximately twice. wounding caused rapid production of limonene hydroperoxides th ... | 2008 | 18298064 |
| [the effect of a nasal spray consisting of a standardized mixture of citrus limon (succus) and an aqueous extract of cydonia oblongata (fructus) on nasal mucociliary clearance]. | in a three-way-crossover study in 18 healthy male and female subjects aged from 20 to 49 years the influence of a 1% and 3% solution of a standardized composition of citrus limon, succus, and extract from cydonia oblonga, fructus (gencydo) on the intranasal mucociliar clearance was investigated after multiple administration. the ph of the solution was about ph 2.3-3.2. the dose regimen consisted of 20 puffs (0.13 ml per puff) in each nostril within 24 h, which was by factor 3-10 higher than the ... | 2000 | 10683714 |
| polyphenols distribution in juices from citrus allotetraploid somatic hybrids and their sexual hybrids. | the polyphenol profile of an interspecific allotetraploid somatic hybrid, achieved by protoplast fusion, the 'valencia' sweet orange ( citrus sinensis l. osbeck) + 'femminello' lemon ( citrus limon l. burm), and three sexual hybrids obtained by backcrosses between femminello lemon and the allotetraploid somatic hybrid ('valencia' + 'femminello') was studied by liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-diode array detector-mass spectrometry (lc-uv-dad-ms). the aim of the work was to evaluate whether supe ... | 2007 | 17914878 |
| comparison of volatile concentrations in hand-squeezed juices of four different lemon varieties. | fresh juices of four italian cultivars of lemons (citrus limon burm) have been analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the best results have been obtained with the 2 cm 50/30 microm divinylbenzene/carboxen on poly(dimethylsiloxane) fiber, using a homogenization time of 1 h at 40 degrees c and a sampling period of 30 min. a total of 35 volatile compounds have been identified by gc-ms, and their relative amou ... | 2006 | 16506842 |
| aftermath of the long-term application of sludge and water from a sewage treatment plant to a lemon tree (citrus limon) plantation. | | 2006 | 16404658 |
| mechanism of seedlessness in a new lemon cultivar 'xiangshui' [citrus limon (l.) burm. f]. | seedlessness is an important economic trait of lemon. understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of seedlessness in 'xiangshui' lemon requires detailed data on pollen and embryo sac fertility, embryo development and compatibility mechanisms governing self- and cross-pollination. the results of the current study indicate that the fertility of pollen and mature embryo sac remains normal. when flowers were self- or cross-pollinated, pollen grains of 'xiangshui' were able to germinate on th ... | 2012 | 23114638 |
| conversion of protopanaxadiol type saponins to ginsenoside rg3 by lemon. | the ability of fresh lemon (citrus limon) to convert protopanaxadiol-type saponins into ginsenoside rg3 was investigated, and the structures of 20(s)-ginsenoside rg3 (1) and 20(r)-ginsenoside rg3 (2) were identified by 1h nmr and 13c nmr spectroscopy. the experiment showed that lemon possesses the strong ability to hydrolyze ginsenosides. when protopanaxadiol-type saponins (16 mg/ml) were hydrolyzed by fresh lemon juice at 80 degrees c for 3 hrs, the conversion ratios of ginsenoside rb1, rb2, rc ... | 2012 | 23074894 |
| characterization of coumarin-specific prenyltransferase activities in citrus limon peel. | coumarins, a large group of polyphenols, play important roles in the defense mechanisms of plants, and they also exhibit various biological activities beneficial to human health, often enhanced by prenylation. despite the high abundance of prenylated coumarins in citrus fruits, there has been no report on coumarin-specific prenyltransferase activity in citrus. in this study, we detected both o- and c-prenyltransferase activities of coumarin substrates in a microsome fraction prepared from lemon ... | 2012 | 22785469 |
| influence of mycorrhizal fungus, phosphorus, and burrowing nematode interactions on growth of rough lemon citrus seedlings. | rough lemon seedlings were grown in mycorrhizal-infested or phosphorus-amended soil (25 and 300 mg p/kg) in greenhouse experiments. plants were inoculated with the citrus burrowing nematode, radopholus citrophilus (0, 50, 100, or 200 nematodes per pot). six months later, mycorrhizal plants and nonmycorrhizal, high-p plants had larger shoot and root weights than did non-mycorrhizal, low-p plants. burrowing nematode population densities were lower in roots of mycorrhizal or nonmycorrhizal, high-p ... | 1988 | 19290252 |
| fungitoxic properties of the essential oil of citrus limon (l.) burm. against a few dermatophytes. | | 1988 | 3173428 |
| a novel repetitive dna sequence in lemon [citrus limon (l.) burm.] and related species bruna. | repetitive dna sequences constitute a significant component of most eukaryotic genomes, and the isolation and characterization of such sequences provide an insight into the organization of the genome of interest. here, we report the isolation and molecular characterization of a novel repetitive dna sequence from the genome of citrus limon. digestion of c. limon dna with mboi produced a prominent fragment of approximately 600 bp. southern blotting revealed a ladder composed of dna fragments that ... | 2004 | 15306722 |
| interstock-induced mechanism of increased growth and salt resistance of orange (citrus sinensis) trees. | interstocks improve the growth and salt resistance of lemon (citrus limon (l.) burm. f.) trees, but their effects on orange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck) trees are unknown. we grew 'cleopatra' mandarin (cm) seedlings, budded trees of 'salustiano' orange (sao) on cm, 'valencia late' orange (vlo) on cm (vlo/cm), and interstock trees vlo/sao/cm in pots of sand watered with nutrient solution containing 5 (control) or 50 mm nacl for 12 weeks. plants were harvested on six successive occasions and the ... | 2004 | 15294757 |
| growth and metabolic activity of lemon juice vesicle explants in vitro. | actively growing juice-vesicle explants, established from small lemon (citrus limon l. burm. f. var. ;eureka') fruits, were cultured in vitro on defined media. the juice vesicles continued to enlarge in culture for several months, without callus proliferation, and their initial growth was promoted by indoleacetic acid, gibberellic acid, and n(6)-benzyladenine.the metabolic competence of the explants, and its relevance to whole fruit development, was further investigated. juice vesicles continued ... | 1982 | 16662136 |
| characterization of plant satellite dna using restriction nucleases. | the structural organization of satellite dnas of mustard brassica nigra and lemon citrus limon has been studied by digestion with restriction nucleases. analysis of dna products produced by ecori and bam i shows that two satellite dnas contain long range periodicities belonging to several repeated sequences. the periodicities in two satellite dnas differ characteristically, however, they have been found to contain common homologous sequences. using the restriction nuclease bsp i, a highly period ... | 1980 | 6248766 |
| molecular analysis of a novel tandemly organized repetitive dna sequence in citrus limon (l.) burm. | repetitive sequences constitute a significant component of most eukaryotic genomes, and the isolation and characterization of repetitive dna sequences provide an insight into the organization of the genome of interest. here, we report the isolation and molecular analysis of a novel tandemly organized repetitive dna sequence from the genome of citrus limon. digestion of c. limon dna with hinf i produced a prominent fragment of approximately 300 bp. southern blotting revealed a ladder composed of ... | 2007 | 17666775 |
| metabolic pathway of alpha-ketoglutarate in citrus leaves as affected by phosphorus nutrition. | the uptake and metabolism of alpha-[5-(14)c]ketoglutarate by phosphorus-deficient and full nutrient (control) lemon (citrus limon) leaves were studied over various time intervals. after 45 minutes in p-deficient leaves, the bulk of incorporated (14)c appeared in organic acids and much less in amino acids, while in the control leaves, the (14)c contents of organic and amino acids were equal. in p-deficient leaves, after longer incubation times the (14)c content of organic acids and amino acids in ... | 1978 | 16660367 |
| sucrose activation of mitosis in lemon fruit explants (citrus limon l.). | | 1977 | 891774 |
| the thermal conductivity of leaves. | thermal conductivities of fresh leaves, both unmodified and infiltrated with water, were measured. samples were placed between silver plates of known and differing temperatures, and the time required to boil off a constant volume of liquid was measured. the species used are evergreens: eucalyptus globulus labill. (sclerophyllous) with isolateral leaf symmetry; and peperomia obtusifolia a. dietr. (succulent), citrus limon burm. f. (mesophyllous), arbutus menziessii pursh. (sclerophyllous), and he ... | 1975 | 24435441 |
| mitotic activity in lemon fruit explants (citrus limon l.) incubated on a calcium-potassium-sucrose medium. | | 1974 | 4847655 |
| nucleolar enlargement in lemon fruit explants (citrus limon l.). | | 1971 | 4943664 |
| nucleolar changes in non-growing and growing lemon fruit explants (citrus limon l.). | | 1969 | 4894292 |
| volatiles emission patterns of different plant organs and pollen of citrus limon. | the volatiles emitted in vivo by different plant parts of citrus limon (rutaceae) have been identified by mean of head space-solid phase micro extraction (hs-spme) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (gc-ms) analyses. in particular, the profiles of flower buds, mature flowers, petals, stamens, gynaecium, pericarp of unripe and ripe fruits, young and adult leaves and pollen have been examined. furthermore, the essential oil obtained from expression of ripe pericarp was studied. ... | 2007 | 17397661 |
| reduction of mouth malodour and volatile sulphur compounds in intensive care patients using an essential oil mouthwash. | the aim of this study was to explore the effect of an essential oil solution on levels of malodour and production of volatile sulphur compounds (vsc) in patients nursed in intensive care unit (icu). thirty two patients received 3 min of oral cleaning using an essential oil solution (mixture of tea tree, melaleuca alternifolia, peppermint, mentha piperita and lemon, citrus limon) on the first day, and tantum (benzydamine hydrochloride) on the second day. two trained nurses measured the level of m ... | 2007 | 17380550 |
| [autooxidation of a mixture of lemon essential oils, methyl linolenoate, and methyl oleinate]. | stability of components of a mixture of methyl linolenoate and methyl oleinate with two lemon (citrus limon l.) essential oils in hexane during their autooxidation in light was studied by gas chromatography. the essential oils differed by their quantitative ratio of components: the single-fold (1x) oil contained approximately 90% monoterpene hydrocarbons and 1.47% citral, whereas the proportions of hydrocarbons and citral in the tenfold (10x) oil were approximately 60 and 18.32%, respectively. t ... | 2015 | 21061607 |
| sicilian lemon oil: composition of volatile and oxygen heterocyclic fractions and enantiomeric distribution of volatile components. | a total of 92 samples of sicilian lemon oils (citrus limon (l.) burm. f.) produced from september 2008 to june 2009, industrially cold-pressed by different extraction techniques (brown oil extractor and food machinery corporation), were analyzed by gc-flame ionization detector (fid) and gc/ms-lri to investigate the volatile fraction; by rp-hplc/pda to determine the non-volatile components and by enantio-gc-fid to determine the enantiomeric ratios of 12 volatile components. this study provides a ... | 2010 | 20931614 |
| biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles by citrus limon (lemon) aqueous extract and theoretical prediction of particle size. | in the present study, silver nanoparticles were rapidly synthesized at room temperature by treating silver ions with the citrus limon (lemon) extract. the effect of various process parameters like the reductant concentration, mixing ratio of the reactants and the concentration of silver nitrate were studied in detail. in the standardized process, 10(-2)m silver nitrate solution was interacted for 4h with lemon juice (2% citric acid concentration and 0.5% ascorbic acid concentration) in the ratio ... | 2011 | 20833002 |
| metabolic engineering of the pentose phosphate pathway for enhanced limonene production in the cyanobacterium synechocysti s sp. pcc 6803. | isoprenoids are diverse natural compounds, which have various applications as pharmaceuticals, fragrances, and solvents. the low yield of isoprenoids in plants makes them difficult for cost-effective production, and chemical synthesis of complex isoprenoids is impractical. microbial production of isoprenoids has been considered as a promising approach to increase the yield. in this study, we engineered the model cyanobacterium synechocystis sp. pcc 6803 for sustainable production of a commercial ... | 2017 | 29235513 |
| comparative study of the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of six essential oils and their components. | the antioxidant activities and the determined major components of six popular and commercially available herb essential oils, including lavender (lavendular angustifolia), peppermint (mentha piperita), rosemary (rosmarius officinalis), lemon (citrus limon), grapefruit (citrus paradise), and frankincense (boswellia carteri), were compared. the essential oils were analysed by gc-ms and their antioxidant activities were determined by testing free radical-scavenging capacity and lipid peroxidation i ... | 2010 | 20077307 |
| isolation and characterization of total volatile components from leaves of citrus limon linn. | the isolation of the essential oil of whole fresh leaves of citrus lemon by steam distillation is described. the chemical composition of the oil was investigated by means of gas-liquid chromatography (glc), column chromatography (cc) and coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the 27 most important volatile components were identified. the volatile components were identified by comparing their retention times of gc chromatograph with those of literature. further identification was d ... | 2010 | 24605318 |
| two of a kind but different: luminescent carbon quantum dots from citrus peels for iron and tartrazine sensing and cell imaging. | citrus sinensis and citrus limon peels were used to synthesize two different kinds of carbon quantum dots (cqds) via an unsophisticated and inexpensive carbonization procedure. the proposed synthesis is straightforward and adheres to the principles of green chemistry since no organic solvents are used and no toxic by-products are formed, while the residual resources employed facilitate the large scale synthesis of dots. the citrus sinensis and citrus limon peels are proved to be excellent precur ... | 2017 | 28841995 |
| antimicrobial synergism and cytotoxic properties of citrus limon l., piper nigrum l. and melaleuca alternifolia (maiden and betche) cheel essential oils. | the chemical composition, antimicrobial and synergistic effect, and cytotoxic activity of citrus limon (lemon), piper nigrum (green pepper) and melaleuca alternifoila (tea tree) essential oils (eos) were investigated. | 2017 | 28815601 |
| oxidative stability and alpha-tocopherol retention in soybean oil with lemon seed extract (citrus limon) under thermoxidation. | the synergistic effect of lemon seed extract with tert-butylhydroquinone (tbhq) in soybean oil subjected to thermoxidation by rancimat was investigated, and the influence of these antioxidants on a-tocopherol degradation in thermoxidized soybean oil. control, lse (2400 mg/kg lemon seed extract), tbhq (50 mg/kg), mixture 1 (lse + 50 mg/kg tbhq) and mixture 2 (lse + 25 mg/kg tbhq) were subjected to 180 degrees c for 20 h. samples were taken at time 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 h intervals and analysed for ... | 2009 | 19967989 |
| authenticity control of essential oils containing citronellal and citral by chiral and stable-isotope gas-chromatographic analysis. | enantioselective capillary gc on a supelco beta-dex 225 column (heptakis(2,3-di-o-acetyl-6-o-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-cyclodextrin spb 20poly--20% diphenyl, 80% dimethylsiloxane) and isotope-ratio mass spectrometry, coupled online with capillary gc on an hp5 column have been used for origin-specific analysis and authenticity control of essential oils, for example lemon (citrus limon), lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus and cymbopogon flexuosus), citronella (cymbopogon nardus l.--ceylon type an ... | 2006 | 17089103 |
| ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used as insects repellents in six malaria endemic localities of cameroon. | the combined efforts to combat outdoor/indoor transmission of malaria parasites are hampered by the emerging vector resistance in a wide variety of malaria-endemic settings of africa and the rest of the world, stressing the need for alternative control measures. this study aimed at documenting insect's repellent plant species used by indigenous populations of 6 localities of east, south, west and centre regions of cameroon. | 2017 | 28595645 |
| characterization of phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of different fruit part from lemon (citrus limon burm.) cultivars. | phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of different fruit part including peel, pulp, juice, whole fruit and seed from five lemon cultivars (feiminailao, cuningmeng limeng, pangdelusaningmeng, beijingningmeng) were investigated. caffeic acid (9.31-741.4 μg/g fw) and chlorogenic acid (2.7-527.5 μg/g fw) were the dominant phenolic acid in fruit tested, pangdelusaningmeng (pd) and limeng peels with the highest contents, respectively. hesperidin was the predominant flavanone (10.27-3315 μg/g f ... | 2017 | 28416860 |
| autecology of the common mormon butterfly, papilio polytes (lepidoptera : rhopalocera : papilionidae). | the adults of the common mormon butterfly papilio polytes linn. feed on a variety of floral species. the larval food plants in the study area included citrus limon and murraya koenigii both of the family rutaceae. the eggs are laid singly, and the hatching time is three days. the larvae pass through five instars. the larval growth is directly correlated with the quantity of food consumed. the ad (approximate digestibility) values decreased from first instar to the last, whereas the ecd (efficien ... | 2002 | 12602858 |
| [knowledge level about of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) and use of alternative therapies in an endemic area in the amazon region in the state of maranhão, brazil]. | the level of knowledge concerning american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) and use of alternative therapies was evaluated in five rural communities in buriticupu, maranhão state, brazil. the study lasted from september 1997 to january 1998. local inhabitants answered an interview on housing conditions, epidemiological aspects, prevention, standard clinical treatment, and alternative therapies. the study population was 378 (19%) out of a total of 1,980 inhabitants, from sexta vicinal (35), quinta ... | 2013 | 11910437 |
| composition and seasonal variation of the essential oil from leaves and peel of a cretan lemon variety. | the essential oil of leaves and peel from the cretan variety zambetakis (citrus limon) was obtained by steam distillation with a clevenger apparatus. the essential oil was subjected to gc-ms analysis, and 35 substances were identified. the main component in both essential oils was limonene. beta-pinene, myrcene, neral, geranial, neryl acetate, geranyl acetate, and beta-caryophyllene have been identified in the leaf oil. the peel oil contained gamma-terpinene, beta-pinene, myrcene, neral, and ger ... | 2002 | 11754559 |
| nadp(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase gene expression and isozyme activity during citrus fruit development. | the accumulation of citric acid and its decline toward fruit maturation is typical of citrus fruit. we studied nadp(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase (nadp-idh), an enzyme involved in citrate metabolism. a cdna encoding the enzyme was cloned from lemon (citrus limon) juice sac cells, and is the first-reported nadp-idh from fruits. sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis indicate that it most probably belongs to a monophyletic clade of plant cytosolic enzymes. the mrna level in the juice sac cel ... | 2000 | 10996257 |
| differentiation of lemon essential oil based on volatile and non-volatile fractions with various analytical techniques: a metabolomic approach. | due to the importance of citrus lemon oil for the industry, fast and reliable analytical methods that allow the authentication and/or classification of such oil, using the origin of production or extraction process, are necessary. to evaluate the potential of volatile and non-volatile fractions for classification purposes, volatile compounds of cold-pressed lemon oils were analyzed, using gc-fid/ms and ft-mir, while the non-volatile residues were studied, using ft-mir, (1)h-nmr and uhplc-tof-ms. ... | 2014 | 24054247 |
| apoptosis induced by the flavonoid from lemon fruit (citrus limon burm. f.) and its metabolites in hl-60 cells. | the flavonoid from lemon fruit (citrus limon burm. f.) and its metabolites, particularly eriodictyol, 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, and phloroglucinol had the function of dna fragmentation in hl-60 cells when analyzed by flow cytometry. an apoptotic dna ladder and chromatin condensation were observed in hl-60 cells when treated with these compounds. the caspase inhibitor prevented dna fragmentation. these compounds are anticipated to be useful for medical purposes. | 2000 | 10879486 |
| effects of fruit juices of citrus sinensis l. and citrus limon l. on experimental hypercholesterolemia in the rat. | in citrus juices there are various substances of different chemical nature, some of which possess already-known hypocholesterolemic properties. therefore it has seemed interesting to evaluate the effects of a prolonged administration of lyophilized juices of citrus sinensis l. osbeck and citrus limon l. burm fil. in diet-induced rat hypercholesterolemia. lyophilized citrus juices were administered for 15 days (by gavage, at the dose of 5g/kg in aqueous veicle in a volume of 0.5 ml/100 g body wei ... | 1996 | 23194620 |
| effect of cations on effective permeability of leaf cuticles to sulfuric acid. | many plants are exposed to prolonged episodes of anthropogenic acid precipitation with ph values of 4 or less, but there is little evidence of widespread direct damage to the plant cells. acids appear to permeate leaf cuticle via charged pores, which act as a fixed buffer that delays but does not stop acid movement. we investigated the effect of cations on the movement of protons through astomatous isolated leaf cuticles of pear (pyrus communis l.) and rough lemon (citrus limon [l.] burm. fils c ... | 1993 | 12231931 |
| patterns of effective permeability of leaf cuticles to acids. | plants in the field are frequently exposed to anthropogenic acid precipitation with ph values of 4 and below. for the acid to directly affect leaf tissues, it must pass through the leaf cuticle, but little is known about the permeability of cuticles to protons, or about the effect of different anions on this permeability. we investigated the movement of protons through isolated astomatous leaf cuticles of grapefruit (citrus x paradisi macfady.), rough lemon (citrus limon [l.] burm. fils cv ponde ... | 1993 | 12231681 |
| accumulation of scoparone in heat-treated lemon fruit inoculated with penicillium digitatum sacc. | phytoalexin scoparone (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin) generally was not detected in noninoculated lemon fruit (citrus limon [l.] burm., cv eureka) but accumulated in fruit after inoculation with penicillium digitatum sacc. a much greater increase in the amount of scoparone was found in fruit exhibiting an incompatible response to penicillium after heat treatment at 36 degrees c for 3 days. heat treatment prevented development of decay in the inoculated fruit. the concentration of the compound after inoc ... | 1991 | 16668526 |
| identification of eight coumarins occurring with psoralen, xanthotoxin, and bergapten on leaf surfaces. | surface extracts of the leaves of five species in the umbelliferae,citrus limon (rutaceae), andpsoralea bituminosa (leguminosae) were examined for the presence of coumarins, after a previous study had shown the presence of three psoralens. in the current investigation eight more coumarins were identified by mass spectrometric techniques: the simple coumarins scopoletin, scoparone, and osthol, the linear furanocoumarins imperatorin and phellopterin, the angular furanocoumarins angelicin and pimpi ... | 1991 | 24257925 |
| catabolism of geraniol by cell suspension cultures of citrus limon. | the addition of geraniol to cell suspension cultures of citrus limon resulted in the rapid formation of nerol, citronellol, geranic acid and citronellic acid. concurrently, a transient accumulation of bound forms of branched chain fatty acids, and, with a few hours delay, of regular chain c2 to c12 fatty acids was elicited. a concerted action of combined alpha/beta-oxidation enzymes on the terpenic acids, followed by an enlarged acetyl coa pool is suggested. terpene catabolism in plants and in v ... | 1990 | 2265211 |
| increased arginine biosynthesis during phosphorus deficiency : a response to the increased ammonia content of leaves. | the accumulation of arginine in leaves of four citrus rootstock cultivars during p deficiency has been demonstrated to be due to increased de novo synthesis rather than decreased catabolism or increased protein degradation (e rabe, cj lovatt, 1984, plant physiol 76: 747-752). in this report, we provide evidence (a) that the increased activity of the arginine biosynthetic pathway observed for citrus rootstocks grown under p-deficient conditions for 7 months is due to an increase in the concentrat ... | 1986 | 16664901 |
| ultrastructure and histochemistry of citrus limon (l.) stigma. | citrus limon has a "wet" stigma which can be divided in two zones: a glandular superficial one formed by papillae, and a non-glandular one formed by parenchymatic cells. the stigmatic exudate is produced by the papillae after the latter have reached their ultimate size. the papillae of the mature pistil are of varying size and composition. both the unicellular and multicellular ones are present. the cells at the base of the papillae are rich in cytoplasm, whereas the tip cells are vacuolated. hi ... | 1982 | 24272209 |
| [properties of satellite dna of citrus limon]. | dna components of c. limon were preparatively separated by equilibrium ultracentrifugation in cscl density gradient (buoyant density of the main component in cscl density gradient--1,693 g.cm-3; satellite component--1,712 g.cm-3). the properties of individual dna fractions were investigated. one third of satellite dna melts in broad interval of temperature, the rest--at a higher temperature as a narrow peak, containing two components. the half breadth of transition temperature of the peak is 3 d ... | 1980 | 7231403 |
| domain swapping of citrus limon monoterpene synthases: impact on enzymatic activity and product specificity. | monoterpene cyclases are the key enzymes in the monoterpene biosynthetic pathway, as they catalyze the cyclization of the ubiquitous geranyl diphosphate (gdp) to the specific monoterpene skeletons. from citrus limon, four monoterpene synthase-encoding cdnas for a beta-pinene synthase named cl(-)betapins, a gamma-terpinene synthase named clgammats, and two limonene synthases named cl(+)lims1 and cl(+)lims2 were recently isolated [j. lücker et al., eur. j. biochem. 269 (2002) 3160]. the aim of our ... | 2003 | 12623068 |
| antibiofilm effects of citrus limonum and zingiber officinale oils on biofilm formation of klebsiella ornithinolytica, klebsiella oxytoca and klebsiella terrigena species. | microbial cells growing in biofilms, play a huge role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. in this study, biofilm formation of klebsiella strains belonging to 3 different klebsiella species (k. ornithinolytica, k. oxytoca and k. terrigena), cooccurences' effect on biofilm formation amount and anti-biofilm effects of citrus limon and zingiber officinale essential oils on biofilm formations of highest biofilm forming k. ornithinolytica, k. oxytoca and k. terrigena strains were determined. | 2016 | 28480361 |
| citrus lemon essential oil: chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities with its preservative effect against listeria monocytogenes inoculated in minced beef meat. | lemon (citrus limon) is a flowing plant belonging to the rutaceae family. citrus plants constitute one of the main valuable sources of essential oil used in foods and medicinal purposes. | 2017 | 28774297 |
| determination of volatile flavour profiles of citrus spp. fruits by sde-gc-ms and enantiomeric composition of chiral compounds by mdgc-ms. | citrus fruits are known to have characteristic enantiomeric key compounds biosynthesised by highly stereoselective enzymatic mechanisms. in the past, evaluation of the enantiomeric ratios of chiral compounds in fruits has been applied as an effective indicator of adulteration by the addition of synthetic compounds or natural components of different botanical origin. | 0 | 28444796 |
| label-free quantitative proteomic profiling of colon cancer cells identifies acetyl-coa carboxylase alpha as antitumor target of citrus limon-derived nanovesicles. | we have previously isolated exosome-like nanoparticles from citrus-limon juice, able to inhibit in vitro and in vivo tumor cell growth. in order to deeply understand the mechanism underlying nanovesicle effects, we performed a proteomic profile of treated colorectal cancer cells. among the proteins differentially expressed after nanovesicle treatment, we found a significant downregulation of the acetyl-coa carboxylase 1 (acaca) and we demonstrated that silencing acaca in cancer cells leads to a ... | 2018 | 29197582 |
| a novel citrus viroid found in australia, tentatively named citrus viroid vii. | a novel citrus viroid was discovered in a non-symptomatic lisbon lemon (citrus x limon l. burm.f.) tree in new south wales, australia. bioindexing, molecular detection and characterization involving sequencing combined with in silico analysis for the identification of the viroid-rna hallmark properties of transmissibility and autonomous replication as well as specific sequence and structural motifs suggest that this viroid is a member of a new species in the genus apscaviroid, family pospiviroid ... | 2018 | 29027592 |
| cold pressed versus solvent extracted lemon (citrus limon l.) seed oils: yield and properties. | during the processing of lemon fruit, a large quantity of seeds is produced as a by-product. these seeds contain valuable components; therefore, required to be evaluated. this study aimed to compare the cold pressed with hexane-extracted lemon seed oils and determine their physicochemical and thermal properties. cold pressing yielded significantly lower oil (36.84%) than hexane extraction (71.29%). in addition, the concentrations of free fatty acids, peroxides, and p-anisidine were lower in the ... | 2017 | 28720945 |
| structures of antimutagenic constituents in the peels of citrus limon. | the methanolic extracts from the peels of citrus limon were found to show antimutagenic effects against 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5h-pyrido[4,3-b]indole, and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (phip) in the ames test. from the methanolic extracts, four new coumarins (wakayamalimonol a-d) and a new furanocoumarin (wakayamalimonol e) were isolated together with fifteen known compounds. the absolute stereostructures of the new compounds were determined by chemical synthesis and the modified ... | 2017 | 28699128 |
| qualitative and nutraceutical aspects of lemon fruits grown on the mountainsides of the mount etna: a first step for a protected designation of origin or protected geographical indication application of the brand name 'limone dell'etna'. | the cultivation of lemon (citrus limon (l.) burm f.) has occurred for centuries at the mountainsides of the mount etna the largest active volcano in europe (sicily, italy). the peculiar geographical, soil and climatic conditions that characterize this area have recently prompted citrus growers to launch the brand name 'limone dell'etna' for the lemon fruits produced in that area. the present research focused on evaluating the quality and nutraceutical properties of the 'limone dell'etna' fruit j ... | 2015 | 28411990 |
| fcwrky70, a wrky protein of fortunella crassifolia, functions in drought tolerance and modulates putrescine synthesis by regulating arginine decarboxylase gene. | wrky comprises a large family of transcription factors in plants, but most wrky members are still poorly understood. in this study, we report functional characterization of a group iii wrky gene (fcwrky70) from fortunella crassifolia. fcwrky70 was greatly induced by drought and abscisic acid, but slightly or negligibly by salt and cold. overexpression of fcwrky70 in tobacco (nicotiana nudicaulis) and lemon (citrus lemon) conferred enhanced tolerance to dehydration and drought stresses. transgeni ... | 2015 | 25808564 |
| surfactant-assisted bio-conjugated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps). | a simple one-spot synthetic route for the production of ag-nanoparticles using aqueous extract of citrus lemon is being reported in presence of shape-directing cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab). to our knowledge, this is the first report where the biomolecules form a layer around a group of the ag-nanoparticles in which the inner layer is bound to the agnps surface via the hydroxyl groups of citric acid. the appearance of a sharp surface plasmon resonance band in the uv-visible region might ... | 2014 | 24556976 |
| cytological aspects on the effects of a nasal spray consisting of standardized extract of citrus lemon and essential oils in allergic rhinopathy. | in this paper, a new formulation of nasal spray was set up based on the extract of lemon pulp, obtained by using a new solid-liquid technology of extraction, added to pure aloe juice, soluble propoli, and essential oils of ravensara and niaouly. it was tested in a clinical study in which 100 subjects were recruited for a period of one month. nasal scraping was used for collecting samples and after the application of the may-grünwald giemsa standard technique, glass slides were analysed by using ... | 2012 | 23304560 |
| determination of ascorbic acid content of some fruit juices and wine by voltammetry performed at pt and carbon paste electrodes. | a method was developed for assessing ascorbic acid concentration in fruit juices and wine by differential pulse voltammetry. the oxidation peak for ascorbic acid occurs at about 530 mv (versus sce) on a pt strip working electrode and at about 470 mv on a carbon paste working electrode. the influence of the operational parameters like the pulse amplitude and the pulse period on the analytical signal was investigated. the obtained calibration graph shows a linear dependence between the peak height ... | 2011 | 21285920 |
| evaluation of different iron compounds in chlorotic italian lemon trees (citrus lemon). | the severe deficiency of iron or ferric chlorosis is a serious problem of most citrus trees established in calcareous soils, as a result of the low availability of iron in these soils and the poor uptake and limited transport of this nutrient in trees. the objective of this study was to evaluate the response of chlorotic italian lemon trees (citrus lemon) to the application of iron compounds to roots and stems. on comparing the effects of aqueous solutions of ferric citrate, ferrous sulphate and ... | 2007 | 17467284 |
| spontaneous extensive chromosome elimination in somatic hybrids between somatically congruent species nicotiana tabacum l. and atropa belladonna l. | mesophyll protoplasts of the kanamycin-resistant nightshade, atropa belladonna, were fused with mesophyll protoplasts of the phosphinothricin resistant-tobacco, nicotiana tabacum. a total of 447 colonies resistant to both inhibitors was selected. most of them regenerated shoots with morphology similar to one of the earlier obtained and described symmetric somatic hybrids nicotiana + atropa. however, three colonies (0.2%) regenerated vigorously growing tobacco-like shoots; they readily rooted, an ... | 1992 | 24203032 |
| limonoids and their anti-proliferative and anti-aromatase properties in human breast cancer cells. | lemons are a widely used citrus crop and have shown several potential health benefits. in the present study, the mechanism and effectiveness of the anti-cancer and anti-aromatase properties of limonoids were investigated for the first time. defatted lemon (citrus lemon l. burm) seed powder was extracted with ethyl acetate (etoac) and methanol (meoh) for 16 h each, successively. these extracts were fractionated using 1d (silica) and 2d (ion exchange and sp-70 columns) column chromatography to obt ... | 2013 | 23117440 |
| dietary euphorbia hirta extract improved the resistance of sharptooth catfish clarias gariepinus to aeromonas hydrophila. | aqueous and methanol extracts of lemon citrus limon peel, euphorbia hirta (aerial parts), and fenugreek trigonella foenum-graecum seeds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against the bacterium aeromonas hydrophila. a swab paper disk method showed that the methanol extract of e. hirta (ehe) had the largest inhibition zone and the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration compared to all other herbal extracts. based on these results, ehe was included in the diets of sharptooth c ... | 2017 | 28937913 |
| flavor identification and intensity: effects of stimulus context. | two experiments presented oral mixtures containing different proportions of the gustatory flavorant sucrose and an olfactory flavorant, either citral (experiment 1) or lemon (experiment 2). in 4 different sessions of each experiment, subjects identified each mixture as "mostly sugar" or "mostly citrus/lemon" or rated the perceived intensities of the sweet and citrus components. different sessions also presented the mixtures in different contexts, with mixtures containing relatively high concentr ... | 2016 | 26830499 |