Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| a field trial, using killed-mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine to protect against chicken respiratory mycoplasmosis. | in a field trial with chickens, the efficacy of killed mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine against respiratory mycoplasmosis was determined. broiler chickens were vaccinated by aerosol administration at 3, 14, and 25 days of age, and observations were made of survival rate, body weight gain ratio, macroscopic lesion grade of airsacculitis, isolation of organisms, serologic test results, histopathologic changes, and clinical signs. inhalation of the vaccinal aerosol did not influence livability and ... | 1975 | 1111388 |
| immunization of chickens against mycoplasma gallisepticum infection. | 1975 | 1092221 | |
| temperature sensitivity studies on selected strains on mycoplasma gallisepticum. | mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg324), a tylosin resistant strain of low virulence, was compared with four other strains with respect to their survival at temperatures from 46.1 to 48.9 degrees c. mg324 was found to be more resistant than the other strains tested. | 1976 | 1000381 |
| mycoplasma gallisepticum antigen. | 1976 | 985229 | |
| further observations on the use of a bivalent bacterin against haemophilus gallinarum. | chickens vaccinated with two doses of a bivalent haemophilus gallinarum bacterin were protected against seven strains of the organism. vaccinated and unvaccinated birds with antibody to mycoplasma gallisepticum had increased hi titers when challenged with h. gallinarum. birds positive for antibody to mycoplasma gallisepticum which were not challenged showed no increase in hi titer. | 1976 | 962761 |
| a comparison of the virulence of three strains of mycoplasma gallisepticum and one strain of mycoplasma gallinarum in chicks, turkey poults, tracheal organ cultures and embryonated fowl eggs. | the virulence of three strains of mycoplasma gallisepticum (s6 of low broth passage, s6 of high broth passage and a514) and of one strain of m gallinarum was investigated in specific pathogen free chicks, turkey poults, chick embryo tracheal organ cultures and embryonated fowl eggs. one strain of m gallisepticum, s6, of low passage, caused high mortality in newly hatched chicks, and turkey poults, high embryo mortality, and rapid suppression of ciliary activity in tracheal organ cultures. the ot ... | 1976 | 951527 |
| in vitro anti-mycoplasmal activity of amphotericin b methyl ester. | the polyene macrolide antibiotic amphotericin b (ab) and its chemically modified derivative amphotericin b methyl ester (ame) were tested for in vitro activity against acholeplasma laidlawii, spiroplasma citri and mycoplasma gallisepticum. both polyene macrolide preparations demonstrated anti-mycoplasmal activity. however, ame was mycoplasmacidal toward all three strains of mycoplasma at levels which previous studies have indicated would be permissible for most cell culture systems, whereas the ... | 1976 | 950321 |
| growth, cytopathogenicity and morphology of mycoplasma gallisepticum and m. gallinarum in tracheal explants. | 1976 | 939830 | |
| evaluation of avian mycoplasma membranes as antigens. | mycoplasma gallisepticum and m. synoviae membranes were obtained by lysing mycoplasma cells with carbonate bicarbonate buffer at ph 10. membrane preparations were compared with whole-cell preparations as to efficacy in the plate and tube agglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests. membrane antigens were somewhat more sensitive in the plate and tube agglutination tests, whereas the hemagglutination-inhibition test showed no major difference between whole and membrane antigens. the membra ... | 1976 | 938381 |
| pathogenicity studies in poultry with an undefined serotype of mycoplasma. | pathogenicity trials in poultry are reported with an isolate of mycoplasma, designated 'w8', which is serologically unrelated to mycoplasma gallisepticum, m synoviae or m meleagridis. w8 killed fowl and turkey embryos when injected into the yold sacs of embryonating eggs. infection of one-day-old fowls, turkeys and pheasants by the air sac route caused marked growth depression and a high incidence of osteomyelitis of the vertebral column in all species. a large proportion of infected turkeys and ... | 1976 | 935670 |
| the resistance and carrier status of meat-type hens exposed to mycoplasma synoviae. | forty-eight 32-week-old meat-type females, free from mycoplasma synoviae (ms.) and mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg.) were aerosol exposed with a 24-hour broth culture of ms. 1331 and placed in 3 pens. 16 birds per pen. two males were placed in each of the 3 pens and used as contact birds. all birds were bled at 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 24, 26, and 30 weeks post ms. exposure. after the 24-week bleeding, the females were equally divided into 4 pens. all females in 2 of the pens were given a foot pad injectio ... | 1976 | 934989 |
| the lytic effect of lysolecithin on acholeplasmas and mycoplasmas. | lysolecithin exhibits a lytic activity on acholeplasmas and mycoplasmas. the acholeplasmas studied, viz. acholeplasma laidlawii a and b, were found less susceptible than were the mycoplasmas, viz. mycoplasma gallisepticum and m. pneumoniae. the sensitivity to lysis was found to differ according to species, growth temperature and number of organisms used. variations in age of the population and the concentration of bivalent ions in the test medium had but little influence. the greatest lytic acti ... | 1977 | 899794 |
| attachment of mycoplasma gallisepticum to the tracheal epithelium of fowls. | an electron microscopical study of fowl trachea infected with mycoplasma gallisepticum showed slight to moderate changes at the cellular level. mycoplasmas were demonstrated extra-cellularly and showed triple membranes, intracytoplasmic spaces, fibrillar nuclear areas and blebs. blebs were seen attached to the plasma membrane of the epithelial cells. | 1977 | 860098 |
| [identification of mycoplasma gallisepticum with a hemadsorption inhibition test]. | 1977 | 842193 | |
| use of the agar-gel precipitin test to evaluate broiler breeder and commercial layer flocks for mycoplasma gallisepticum infection. | in the absence of mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) isolation, the importance of agar-gel precipitin (agp) tests along with microhemagglutination-inhibition (mhi) and serum plate agglutination (spa) tests for the evaluation of poultry flocks for mg infection was demonstrated. a good correlation between agp, mhi, and spa tests for the early confirmation of mg in a flock was observed, except for the breeder flocks from which wvu 907 was isolated. the serums of such breeder flocks were positive for spa ... | 1976 | 822817 |
| evaluation of broiler breeder flocks for nonspecific mycoplasma synoviae reaction. | serums from 65 broiler breeder flocks were evaluated for mycoplasma synoviae (ms) and mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) antibodies by serum plate agglutination (spa), micro hemagglutination-inhibition (hi), and agar gel precipitin (agp) tests. the nonspecific spa reaction in serum from breeder flocks was eliminated by diluting the serum 1:5 in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs), ph 7.2, before testing provided that the ms antigen reacted with 1:10 dilution of the ms antiserums. the nonspecific spa reac ... | 1976 | 816342 |
| efficacy of egg yolk medium in cultivation of mycoplasma gallisepticum. | 1975 | 781350 | |
| a new allergic (intradermal) test for the diagnosis of mycoplasma gallisepticum infection--a preliminary note. | 1978 | 751978 | |
| effect of tiamulin in chickens and turkeys infected experimentally with avian mycoplasma. | tiamulin was compared, under a variety of experimental conditions, with 4 water-soluble antibiotic preparations available commercially for the control and treatment of mycoplasmal infections in poultry. in chickens, tiamulin was more effective than the reference antibiotics in preventing and eradicating airsacculitis caused by mycoplasma gallisepticum and preventing airsacculitis and synovitis caused by m. synoviae. in turkeys, tiamulin and tylosin were equally active in preventing airsacculitis ... | 1978 | 749887 |
| suppression of immunoresponses to haemophilus gallinarum with nonviable mycoplasma gallisepticum in chickens. | the suppressive effect of mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) on haemophilus gallinarum (hg) immune response was shown. antibody response to hg was highly suppressed when chickens were inoculated intramuscularly with hg-mg combined bacterin. findings were similar in chickens injected intramuscularly with hg and mg bacterin separately at adjacent sites. no immunosuppressive effect was recognized when injections with hg and mg bacterins were in the left and right thigh muscles, respectively, or from int ... | 1978 | 749885 |
| isolation of mycoplasma gallisepticum from sinuses of three quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1978 | 741620 | |
| effect of acriflavine on ultraviolet inactivation of acholeplasma laidlawii. | an increased sensitivity to inactivation was observed when ultraviolet light-irradiated acholeplasma laidlawii cells were plated on medium containing either acriflavine or chloramphenicol. chloramphenicol reduced liquid holding recovery (dark repair) to about 10% of that in untreated irradiated cells. in acriflavine treated cells no dark repair could be observed and there was a progressive degradation of cell dna during holding. while the primary effect of acriflavine may be to inhibit excision ... | 1978 | 718990 |
| experimental infection of ducklings with mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma anatis. | two groups of day-old ducklings were infected with mycoplasma gallisepticum and m anatis respectively by air sac inoculation. clinical disease was not produced but air sacculitis was produced by both infections. m gallisepticum could be recovered readily from respiratory tissue 10 and 30 days after infections but rsa tests were negative. m anatis was not reisolated from these tissues or from the cloaca but a positive rsa test was observed on the serum of a few ducklings. | 1978 | 705054 |
| the isolation of lentogenic strains of newcastle disease virus in australia. | twelve isolations of newcastle disease virus were made from 77 clinical samples from chickens from conjunctivitis, respiratory disease, proventriculitis and bursal atrophy. nine of the isolations were made from chickens with conjunctivitis. the viruses were identified as newcastle disease virus by inhibition of their haemagglutinins with specific antiserum to newcastle disease virus. the viruses failed to kill chicken embryos after inoculation into the allantoic cavity and they were judged to be ... | 1978 | 687276 |
| differences in incorporation of nucleic acid bases and nucleosides by various mycoplasma and acholeplasma species. | eight species representative of the serological diversity of the mycoplasmatales were tested for their ability to incorporate radiolabeled nucleic acid precursors into acid-insoluble material. cultures in complex growth medium were centrifuged and resuspended in minimal essential medium (eagle). for acholeplasma laidlawii, labeling occurred mainly during the first 4 h of incubation, with substrate saturation at 20 micron. all organisms tested incorporated uracil, adenine, and guanine; none incor ... | 1978 | 681280 |
| inhibition of avian mycoplasmal hemagglutination by igm type antibody. | intravenous exposure of turkeys to mycoplasma synoviae resulted in development of hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) activity in serums within 4 days. treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol and gel-filtration separation of serum immunoglobulins indicated that the activity was due to igm type antibody. similar early hi activity was demonstrated in serums from turkeys exposed intravenously to mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma meleagridis. | 1978 | 674042 |
| infectious coryza: preventing complicated coryza with haemophilus gallinarum and mycoplasma gallisepticum bacterins. | three types of infectious coryza were produced in unvaccinated chickens by challenge inoculums containing different combinations of haemophilus gallinarum (hg) and mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg). monovalent and combination bacterins of hg and mg were tested to determine their efficacy against chronic complicated infectious coryza. challenge exposure of vaccinates with mg and hg showed protection against the hg component to be immunotype-specific. some protection against complicated coryza resulte ... | 1978 | 646755 |
| inhibition of mycoplasma cell division by cytochalasin b. | mycoplasma gallisepticum has subcellular organelles which may function as a primitive "mitotic-like" apparatus. to investigate these further, we have studied the effects of cytochalasin b (cb) on m. gallisepticum. we found that cb inhibits cell division; this is the only procaryote thus far reported to be inhibited by cb. cb does not inhibit glucose or macromolecule precursor uptake. it stops cellular dna synthesis, however, although rna and protein synthesis continue (at a reduced rate). cb rem ... | 1978 | 620423 |
| lack of repair of ultraviolet light damage in mycoplasma gallisepticum. | 1977 | 599562 | |
| [mycoplasma synoviae control. i. studies on the thermal sensitivity of pathogenic avian mycoplasmas (mycoplasma synoviae, mycoplasma gallisepicum and mycoplasma meleagridis)]. | a number of experiments were carried out to study the thermal sensitivity of mycoplasma synoviae and mycoplasma gallisepticum as well as that of young embryos in vitro and in ovo. a full mycoplasmacidal effect was attained after heating in bouillon cultures for six hours at 45 degrees c (including cultures of mycoplasma meleagridis), for two and a half hours at 50 degrees c, for ninety minutes at 52 degrees c and for thirty minutes at 55 degrees c. yoder's method of heating to control these myco ... | 1978 | 568833 |
| [studies of nucleic acid metabolism in cultured chick embryo cells infected with mycoplasma gallisepticum]. | m. gallisepticum infection of cultured chick embryo cells led to a sharp reduction the rate of 3h-thymidine and 3h-uridine incorporation into dna and rna cells, and almost completely suppressed the transposition of uridine label from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, this pointing to the inhibition of escape of rna synthesized de novo into the infected cells cytoplasm. as suggested, weak labeling of the cytoplasm after prolonged (about several hours) incubation of cultured cells with labeled urine ... | 1978 | 566996 |
| ultrastructural features of mycoplasma gallisepticum in tracheal explants under transmission and stereoscan electron microscopy. | ultrastructural features of mycoplasma gallisepticum in tracheal explants were examined using the transmission and stereoscan electron microscope. the organisms were characteristically cocco-bacilliform except when in close contact with the host cells when they assumed an elongated and irregular form characteristically terminating in a bleb which was often embedded in the cell surface. in such organisms there were peripherally aligned fibrillar structures oriented towards the bleb which may have ... | 1978 | 565944 |
| adaptation of chickens to their handler, and experimental results. | chickens were adapted to their handler before the experiment. adapted birds produced more antibody, had more blood protein, gained more weight, and were more resistant to mycoplasma gallisepticum than unadapted birds. the antibody response to sheep red blood cells was not reduced for fasting for 48 hours in adapted birds but was in unadapted birds. differences in antibody titers, blood protein, and weight gains between controls and birds fed 80 ppm of deoxycorticosterone could be demonstrated on ... | 1979 | 526204 |
| an ultrastructural study on the interaction of mycoplasma gallisepticum with the chicken tracheal epithelium. | seven-day-old chickens wee intratracheally inoculated with mycoplasma gallisepticum. the tracheas collected 6 and 14 days after chickens were inoculated were subjected to titration of mycoplasma and examination by light and electron microscopy. the mycoplasma organisms grew well; 10(7) to 10(8) color-changing units in a milligram of tissue were determined. tracheal lesions occurred in close association with the presence of mycoplasmas and were characterized by degeneration of the epithelial cell ... | 1979 | 507485 |
| haemadsorption inhibition test for the identification of mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae. | colonies of the avian mycoplasma strains mycoplasma gallisepticum s6 and mycoplasma synoviae wvu 1853 and two mycoplasma synoviae isolates from this laboratory were shown to be haemadsorption positive for chicken erythrocytes. three mycoplasma synoviae isolates from this laboratory proved to be haemadsorption and haemagglutination negative. the haemadsorption of the mycoplasma colonies mentioned above was inhibited with specific antisera of either high or low titre. no cross-inhibition was obser ... | 1979 | 473153 |
| effects of feeding tylosin to layers exposed to mycoplasma gallisepitcum. | two experiments are reported in which the effect of tylosin upon the development of mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) infection in replacement layers was monitored by serological and cultural methods. concentrations of tylosin tested included 0, 22, 38.5, and 55 ppm. egg production and feed consumption data were collected for one year. tylosin slowed the rate of spread of mg infection as measured by serological and cultural methods. the effect of tylosin on the spread of mg infection was dose relate ... | 1979 | 471896 |
| membrane lipids of mycoplasma gallisepticum: a disaturated phosphatidylcholine and a phosphatidylglycerol with an unusual positional distribution of fatty acids. | 1979 | 465448 | |
| isolation and identification of avian mycoplasmas in singapore. | two hundred and forty batches of chickens with chronic respiratory syndrome were tested for mycoplasmas. one hundred and five batches (43.8%) were found to have mycoplasmosis. a total of 110 isolates of mycoplasma was cultured, of which nine isolates were identified as mycoplasma gallisepticum, 48 avian sero-group d, 45 m. gallinarum, one m. iners and seven unclassified. 2. identification of the mycoplasmas isolated was carried out by biochemical and serological tests (disc growth inhibition and ... | 1979 | 455110 |
| electron microscopical study of antibody binding to mycoplasma gallisepticum: indirect immunoferritin labelling. | the ultrastructural aspects of the interaction of mycoplasma gallisepticum with specific rabbit antibody have been studied. in particular, fixation conditions which allow the simultaneous preservation of cellular fine structure and membrane antigenicity have been established and applied in a procedure of indirect immunological labelling of the antibody-coated organisms with ferritin conjugated sheep anti-rabbit igg. the advantages of working with agar embedded organisms in a multistep labelling ... | 1979 | 433599 |
| identification of avian mycoplasma isolates by the agar-gel precipitin test. | recent isolates of mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae were readily typed by the agar-gel precipitin test with antigens prepared by freezing and thawing, sonic vibration, or sodium dodecyl sulfate. specific antisera prepared in rabbits or in foot-pad-inoculated chickens were adequate for culture typing. relatively few sera from chickens and turkeys in naturally infected flocks reacted positively. the precipitin reaction was highly specific, however. | 1977 | 410403 |
| immunoperoxidase technique for identification of mycoplasma gallisepticum and m. synoviae. | the direct immunoperoxidase technique was applied to the identification of mycoplasma gallisepticum and m. synoviae by staining colonies on the agar plate. the results of this technique applied to 50 isolates of m. gallisepticum and m. synoviae correlated with those of the agar gel precipitation test to the same isolates. the immunoperoxidase technique was proved to be a specific and reliable method for the identification of m. gallisepticum and m. synoviae. | 1979 | 395443 |
| prevalence of certain antibodies to selected disease-causing agents in wild turkeys in texas. | in texas in 1976 and 1977, rio grande turkeys (meleagris gallopavo intermedia) from seven counties and eastern turkeys (m. g. silvestris) from one county were tested for antibodies to selected poultry pathogens. standardized serological tests disclosed reactors to salmonella pullorum (2.4%), s. typhimurium (2.3%), and mycoplasma gallisepticum (4.8%). there were no reactors to newcastle disease virus or chlamydia psittaci. prevalence of m. gallisepticum antibody in wild turkeys was significantly ... | 1979 | 384989 |
| simplified preparation of mycoplasmas, an acholeplasma, and a spiroplasma for scanning electron microscopy. | a simple, effective procedure was developed for scanning electron microscopic examination of mycoplasmas and similar organisms. cultivation of several mycoplasmal species, an acholeplasma, and a spiroplasma in broth media in leighton tubes with cover slips resulted in attachment of the organisms to the cover slips. the attached cells were easily processed for either scanning electron microscopy or light microscopy. by eliminating the need for centrifugation, which was used in previously describe ... | 1979 | 370106 |
| culturing anomalies associated with mycoplasma recovered from the tissues of chicks and turkey poults experimentally infected with mycoplasma gallisepticum or mycoplasma gallinarum. | tissues of mycoplasma infected chicks and turkey poults were cultured and subcultured on mycoplasma agar. usually, colonies which grew on the agar initially inoculated could be subcultured, but sometimes they could not. at other times, colonies were not seen on the agar initially inoculated but appeared on the subcultured plate. | 1978 | 353927 |
| [studies on the specificity of the hemagglutination inhibition test using mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae in experimentally inoculated chickens]. | 1977 | 340190 | |
| control of mycoplasma gallisepticum in commercial laying chickens using artificial exposure to connecticut f strain mycoplasma gallisepticum. | 1979 | 298929 | |
| cholesterol distribution and movement in the mycoplasma gallisepticum cell membrane. | the time course and extent of transfer of [14c]-cholesterol from resting mycoplasma gallisepticum cells or membrane preparations to high-density lipoproteins were studied. more than 90% of the total cholesterol in isolated, unsealed membrane preparations was exchanged in a single kinetic process. in intact cells, however, cholesterol exists in two different environments. cholesterol in one environment, representing approximately 50% of the total unesterified cholesterol, is readily exchanged wit ... | 1978 | 210781 |
| sensitivity and specificity of the fluorescent antibody technique for detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus. | the specificity of a fluorescent conjugate to infectious laryngotracheitis virus was examined using chick trachea organ culture or tissue sections infected with other avian viruses (adenovirus, infectious bronchitis, poxvirus, reovirus, newcastle disease virus, marek's disease virus, avian encephalomyelitis and infectious bursal agent) or mycoplasma gallisepticum. confirmation of virus replication in these preparations was obtained by either 1) demonstration of virus titre increase or 2) demonst ... | 1978 | 206327 |
| [the "vaccination reaction" syndrome of broilers after vaccination against newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis (author's transl)]. | in a part of the broiler flocks vaccinated against newcastle disease (n.c.d) and infectious bronchitis (i.b.), disease symptoms of lingering nature have been observed, generally in the second half of the rearing period. in a practical investigation with weekly examinations of chickens, supplemented by a serological examination of twenty-four animals per flock at the age of six weeks, it was hoped to establish the factors responsible for this "vaccination reaction". in the district under notice t ... | 1976 | 179162 |
| [possible synergic action of some drug combinations against mycoplasma gallisepticum]. | yamamoto and adler's method (1956), making use of the modified medium of edward, was employed to determine the minimal concentrations of gentamicin (gmc), erytrhomycin (erm), oleandomycin (omc) spectinomycin (spm), tetracycline (tc), tylosin (tls), and chloramphenicol (ca), all of them showing bactericidal effects on mycoplasma gallisepticum-s6, applied alone or in combination. in vitro studies showed that relatively most effective were tls, gmc, and spm, when used alone. combining the antibioti ... | 1975 | 128891 |
| studies on the control of mycoplasma gallisepticum in hatching eggs. | lincomycin-spectinomycin, while effective in eliminating mycoplasma gallisepticum from hatching eggs when administered via the yolk sac, had a marked deleterious effect on hatch-ability when given by this route. on the other hand when lincomycin-spectinomycin was injected into the air cell there was a reduction in the level of experimental infection with an acceptable effect on hatchability. | 1975 | 124623 |
| immunoprecipitation of triton x-100-solubilized mycoplasma mycoides proteins. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (pg1 and strain y) proteins were solubilized in triton x-100, and the antigenic proteins were precipitated from this complex mixture by addition of antiserum and then separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. of the 300 proteins solubilized, about 10 were precipitated. proteins of pg1, a slow-growing, small colony (sc) strain, were precipitated by antiserum to pg1 and by antiserum to strain y, a fast-growing, large colony (lc) strain. similarly, strain ... | 1979 | 93614 |
| adherence of mycoplasma gallisepticum to glass. | attachment of washed mycoplasma gallisepticum cells to glass was quantified with organisms in which membrane lipids were labelled with 3h. siliconization of the test tubes decreased attachment, while centrifugation increased it. attachment increased with temperature, decreased with increasing ph and ionic strength of the attachment mixture, but was unaffected by ca2+, mg2+ and edta. this suggests that ionic bonds, but not salt bridges, participate in the attachment process. glycophorin, the majo ... | 1979 | 37284 |
| adherence of mycoplasma gallisepticum to human erythrocytes. | pathogenic mycoplasmas adhere to and colonize the epithelial lining of the respiratory and genital tracts of infected animals. an experimental system suitable for the quantitative study of mycoplasma adherence has been developed by us. the system consists of human erythrocytes (rbc) and the avian pathogen mycoplasma gallisepticum, in which membrane lipids were labeled. the amount of mycoplasma cells attached to the rbc, which was determined according to radioactivity measurements, decreased on i ... | 1978 | 29007 |