Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| first report of paratuberculosis (johne's disease) in sheep in morocco. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease) was suspected in a flock of approximately 1000 sheep after weight losses and scouring had increased in adult animals despite repeated anthelmintic treatment. a total of 10 ewes showing clinical symptoms were submitted to laboratory examination. gross pathological and histological examination of tissue samples rendered results compatible with johne's disease in all 10 ewes. the diagnosis could only be confirmed by cultural isolation and identification of mycobac ... | 1995 | 8578913 |
| evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. | the performance of a commercially available elisa for detection of antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis was evaluated using sera from 1,146 cows. samples were from uninfected cattle, infected subclinical cattle shedding low numbers of organism in feces, subclinical heavy shedders, clinical cases, and randomly selected cattle in a slaughterhouse survey for paratuberculosis. the overall sensitivity of the test, using the manufacturer's recommended cutoff was 45% +/- 4.8%, and the specifici ... | 1995 | 8580170 |
| [seroepidemiologic investigations in the alpine ibex (capra i. ibex) of piz albris in the canton of grigioni (switzerland)]. | sero-epidemiological investigations in wild animals may allow to assess distribution of selected pathogens that sometimes seem to be involved in sanitary interrelationships between wild and domestic ungulates sharing the same areas. serological studies were carried out to investigate the prevalence of antibody against 8 pathogens in alpine ibex of albris colony (grisons, switzerland). investigated sera came from 89 animals shot by gamekeepers in 1990-1991. antibody against smooth brucella, coxie ... | 1995 | 8584868 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis dna not detected in crohn's disease tissue by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction. | the role of mycobacteria in the aetiology of crohn's disease has been a contentious subject for many years. mycobacterium paratuberculosis is known to cause a chronic granulomatous enteritis in animals (johne's disease) and has been implicated as a possible infectious cause of crohn's disease. however this fastidious organism is only rarely detected by conventional microbiological techniques. this study used oligonucleotide primers to the species-specific m paratuberculosis is900 dna insertion e ... | 1995 | 8549942 |
| ex vivo induction of tnf-alpha and il-6 mrna in bovine whole blood by mycobacterium paratuberculosis and mycobacterial cell wall components. | johne's disease is a chronic enteritis of cattle and other ruminant species that is of worldwide economic importance. the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) have been associated with granuloma formation and wasting in other disease syndromes. the potential role of these cytokines in the development and progression of johne's disease has not been investigated. using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and specific bovine oligonucleotide ... | 1995 | 8559037 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis and seroreactivities of the 65k heat shock protein from mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in ruminants. it has also been implicated as a possible cause of crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. the mycobacterial 65k heat shock proteins (hsp-65k) are among the most extensively studied mycobacterial proteins, and their immunogenic characteristics have been suggested to be the basis for autoimmunization in chronic inflammatory diseases. in this context, we isolated ... | 1995 | 8574825 |
| comparison of the resistance of c57bl/6 and c3h/he mice to infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | susceptibility of c57bl/6 (bcgs) and c3h/hen (bcgr) mice to an intraperitoneal infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis strain 19698 was compared (by histopathology and the number of mycobacteria isolated from the spleen). mycobacterial counts from the spleen of bcgr mice progressively decreased over the course of infection but remained unchanged in bcgs mice. granulomatous lesions and acid-fast bacteria were consistently present in the liver and lymph nodes of bcgs mice, whereas lesions we ... | 1995 | 8604557 |
| isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from colostrum and milk of subclinically infected cows. | mycobacterial culture was performed on colostrum, milk, and feces from 126 clinically normal cows of a single herd with high prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection. thirty-six (28.6%) cows were determined to be shedding the organism in the feces. of the 36 fecal culture positive cows, m paratuberculosis was isolated from the colostrum of 8 (22.2%) and from the milk of 3 (8.3%). cows that were heavy fecal shedders were more likely to shed the organism in the colostrum than were li ... | 1995 | 8928949 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis and crohn's disease. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in ruminants. it has been suggested that crohn's disease, a gastrointestinal disease in humans with similar clinical symptoms and histopathological findings, is caused by the same bacteria. epidemiological data support crohn's disease possibly being caused by an infectious agent. recently, with improved culture techniques and the advent of polymerase chain reaction, m. paratuberculosis has been identifi ... | 1995 | 8867176 |
| cross-reactive and species specific mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in the immunoprofile of schaumann bodies: a major clue to the etiology of sarcoidosis. | sarcoidosis, once thought to be a variant of tuberculosis, is currently listed as a disease of unknown etiology. the present study was initiated by unpublished observations that schaumann bodies-the laminated inclusions often encountered in sarcoid granulomas-cross-reacted with commercial polyclonal antibodies to mycobacterium bovis, mycobacterium duvalii and mycobacterium paratuberculosis. given the broad cross-reactivity of many mycobacterial antigens, those findings lacked specificity but war ... | 1996 | 8720456 |
| does crohn's disease need differentiation from tuberculosis? | crohn's disease (cd) and tuberculosis (tb) of the gastrointestinal tract pose major diagnostic problems for clinicians where these conditions coexist. clinically and radiologically, the diseases are similar. in the west, tb is considered in the differential diagnosis of all suspected cases of cd, particularly among asian migrants. earlier age of presentation, perianal disease and enteric fistulae favour a diagnosis of cd. aphthoid ulceration, pseudopolyps and filiform mucosa at endoscopy are sug ... | 1996 | 8672766 |
| epidemiologic study of on-farm management practices associated with prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infections in dairy cattle. | to use an on-farm recording form to quantity the effect of specific management practices on apparent prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds. | 1996 | 8675478 |
| evaluation of an agar gel immunodiffusion test kit for detection of antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis in sheep. | to determine whether a commercially available agar gel immunodiffusion test approved for detecting antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cattle could be used for sheep. | 1996 | 8575973 |
| attempted definition by immunoblotting of the causes of reactivity in suspected false-positive sera in the brucella ovis complement fixation test. | seventy-nine suspected false-positive sera, obtained over 1 year from routine submissions for brucella ovis serological testing, were used in this study. these sera, which exhibited titres in the complement fixation test, but which because of their epidemiological history and their reactions in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gel diffusion test were suspected to be false positives, were further analysed by immunoblotting. in blots, using b. ovis antigens, rough lipopolysaccharide was i ... | 1996 | 16031926 |
| comparison of polyclonal antibodies to three different preparations of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in immunohistochemical diagnosis of johne's disease in cattle. | polyclonal antisera were raised in rabbits against preparations of live and heat-killed mycobacterium paratuberculosis and cell-wall proteins of m. paratuberculosis and were evaluated as diagnostic tools in immunohistochemical staining of bovine tissue. live preparations of m. paratuberculosis (lmp) were inoculated intraperitoneally or intravenously at 10(9)/ml. heat-killed m. paratuberculosis (hkmp) was prepared by treatment of bacteria at 85 c for 10 minutes. cell-wall proteins were isolated f ... | 1996 | 8953534 |
| mycobacteria as possible causes of sarcoidosis and crohn's disease. | 1996 | 8972120 | |
| associations between subclinical paratuberculosis and milk production, milk components, and somatic cell counts in dairy herds. | to determine associations between subclinical mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection and milk production, milk components, and somatic cell counts of dairy cattle. | 1996 | 8675477 |
| macrophage inhibitory factor-a3 derived from mycobacterium avium serovar 2 inhibits candidacidal activity of murine peritoneal macrophages. | macrophage inhibitory factor-a3 (mif-a3), a fraction derived from mycobacterium avium serovar 2 inhibited candidacidal activity in macrophages from c57bl/6, c57bl/10, c3h/hej and a/j strains of mice. inhibition of candidacidal activity was demonstrated at mif-a3 concentrations ranging from 100-400 micrograms/ml in macrophages without additional stimulators (exception c3h/hej macrophages) and in macrophages additionally stimulated with 200 u/ml interferon-gamma, 100 ng/ml phorbol myristate acetat ... | 1996 | 9008340 |
| metastatic crohn's disease: a case report. | metastatic crohn's disease (mcd) is a rare extraintestinal manifestation of crohn's disease characterized by the histologic finding of granulomatous dermatitis at a site noncontiguous to the gastrointestinal tract. an adolescent had mcd of the face that was initially mistaken for severe, treatment-resistant acne. histopathologic and microbiologic evaluation, combined with clinical examination and response to therapy, ultimately led to the correct diagnosis. mycobacterium paratuberculosis is a su ... | 1996 | 8919520 |
| description and classification of different types of lesion associated with natural paratuberculosis infection in sheep. | paratuberculosis lesions in naturally infected sheep were classified histologically. adult sheep (n = 166) culled for various reasons, from four flocks in which clinical cases of the disease had occurred, were studied. eight-two sheep (49.4%) showed lesions that could be divided into three main categories. type 1 lesions, found in 24.1% of these animals, consisted of small granulomata formed by macrophages and were located exclusively in the ileocaecal peyer's patch. in type 2 lesions, found in ... | 1996 | 8920212 |
| comparison of milk with serum elisa for the detection of paratuberculosis in dairy cows. | to compare milk with serum elisa for detection of antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | 1996 | 8926193 |
| rapid differentiation of mycobacterium avium and m. paratuberculosis by pcr and restriction enzyme analysis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (m. avium) and m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis), intracellular bacteria that can cause chronic granulomatous enteritis in cattle, are difficult to distinguish on the basis of growth and biochemical characteristics. we report the development of a pcr-based strategy for the rapid differentiation of isolates of m. avium from isolates of m. paratuberculosis. restriction fragment length polymorphism was identified by pcr amplification and subsequ ... | 1996 | 8904449 |
| polymerase chain reaction analysis of tnf-alpha and il-6 mrna levels in whole blood from cattle naturally or experimentally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | johne's disease is characterized by a chronic enteritis that results in granulomatous inflammation, cachexia, and eventual death of cattle infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) have been associated with granuloma formation and wasting in other disease syndromes. the potential role of these cytokines in the development and progression of johne's disease has not been investigated. using the polymerase chain reac ... | 1996 | 8904661 |
| evaluation of defined media suitable for isolation of auxotrophic mutants of mycobacteria. | in order to investigate the production of auxotrophs of slow growing mycobacterial pathogens, an evaluation of defined liquid and solid media suitable for mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium paratuberculosis was undertaken. five defined liquid media were evaluated. a number of solid support matrices was added to the liquid media to produce solid media for evaluation. tween 80 was added to all media to produce diffuse homogeneous growth. although satisfactory growth ... | 1996 | 8914267 |
| phenotypic characterisation of intestinal lymphocytes in ovine paratuberculosis by immunohistochemistry. | characterisation of the t-cell subsets in intestinal lesions in sheep with paratuberculosis may contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. to determine the phenotype and distribution of lymphocytes in the normal sheep intestinal mucosa and in mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infected sheep, immunohistochemistry was performed on 12 normal sheep and 18 naturally infected, clinically diseased sheep of which 12 showed lepromatous and six tuberculoid forms of ... | 1996 | 9014316 |
| low calcium diet and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) infusion modulate immune responses during mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in beige mice. | a 12-month study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding a low calcium (ca) diet or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) (1,25(oh)(2)d(3) infusion on the persistence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection using a mouse model. male beige mice 6-8 weeks of age were assigned to one of the following treatments: (1) non-infected, (2) infected,(3) non-infected/1,25(oh)(2)d(3), (4) infected/1,25(oh)(2)d(3), and (5) infected/low ca (0.15 percent) diet. infected mice were inoculated intravenously wit ... | 1996 | 9157678 |
| study on immune response of goats vaccinated with a live strain of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | a study of the immune response of goats vaccinated with a live strain (316-f) of mycobacterium paratuberculosis has been performed, taking into consideration both cellular and serological responses using a lymphocyte transformation assay (lta) and a counterimmunoelectrophoresis test (ciet). the analyses made at three monthly intervals reveal an in vitro proliferative response of blood lymphocytes to specific antigen and lymphocytes t mitogen over a year of post-vaccination, but no humoral respon ... | 1996 | 8654049 |
| an abattoir-based study of the prevalence of subclinical johne's disease in adult cattle in south west england. | the prevalance of subclinical johne's disease was estimated in adult cattle slaughtered at three major abattoirs in south west england. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based on is900 was used to detect mycobacterium paratuberculosis in intestinal lymph nodes of 1553 cattle. culture was also carried out on all pcr positive and inconclusive samples. the prevalence of subclinical disease in adult cattle was 3.5% (95% confidence intervals (ci) 2.6-4.7) by pcr and 2.6% (ci 1.8-3.6) by culture. the ... | 1996 | 8666083 |
| influence of vitamin d3 infusion and dietary calcium on secretion of interleukin 1, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor in mice infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | to study the effects of 1,25(oh)2d3 and calcium (ca) on splenocyte cytokine secretion during mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection. | 1996 | 8725807 |
| relationship of acid phosphatase activity to ultrastructural features in mice inoculated with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | macrophage activation, measured as increased acid phosphatase (acpase)-positive areas by image analysis, and ultrastructural features were examined in granulomatous mycobacterial lesions of mice innately susceptible (balb/c mice; bcg) and innately resistant (c3h/hej mice; bcg) to mycobacterium paratuberculosis strain atcc 19698. in the liver and spleen of balb/c mice 3 weeks after intraperitoneal inoculation with m. paratuberculosis, acpase activity detected in epithelioid cell nodules was high; ... | 1996 | 8729083 |
| antibodies against mycobacterium paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | until recently the investigation of serological responses to mycobacteria in patients with crohn's disease has been hindered by the considerable degree of cross-reactivity between antigens of m. paratuberculosis, and other mycobacterial subspecies. we evaluated the serological response of crohn's disease patients to a recently identified species-specific 18 kda protease-resistant antigen corresponding to m. paratuberculosis bacterioferritin. the 18 kda antigen was purified from m. paratuberculos ... | 1996 | 8731566 |
| inactivation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cows' milk at pasteurization temperatures. | the thermal inactivation of 11 strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis at pasteurization temperatures was investigated. cows' milk inoculated with m. paratuberculosis at two levels (10(7) and 10(4) cfu/ml) was pasteurized in the laboratory by (i) a standard holder method (63.5 degrees c for 30 min) and (ii) a high-temperature, short-time (htst) method (71.7 degrees c for 15 s). additional heating times of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 40 min at 63.5 degrees c were included to enable the construction of a ... | 1996 | 8593064 |
| no mycobacterium paratuberculosis found in crohn's disease using polymerase chain reaction. | m. paratuberculosis has been considered as a putative causative factor of crohn's disease. however, its detection in diseased tissue samples using the polymerase chain reaction yielded conflicting results. we validated this technique for the detection of mycobacteria (any species) and m. paratuberculosis before applying it to 72 intestinal biopsies from patients with crohn's disease (n = 36), ulcerative colitis (n = 13), and control subjects (n = 23). possible polymerase chain reaction inhibitor ... | 1996 | 8601392 |
| transmission of paratuberculosis. | infection of the calf soon after birth by oral ingestion of m. paratuberculosis organisms from feces of infected cows is the most important method of transmission of paratuberculosis. the severity and rate of progression of the disease are dependent on the quantity of organisms in the exposure and the age of the animal. only a small dose of organisms may be required to establish infection in a newborn calf, and overwhelming age-related resistance by introduction of a large dose of organisms to a ... | 1996 | 8828107 |
| immunology: resistance to paratuberculosis. | disease caused by mycobacterium paratuberculosis involves a complex interaction of lymphoid and phagocytic cells of the peripheral and mucosal immune responses. for resistance to develop, animals must generate an effective cellular immune response to primary infections as well as multifocal exogenous and endogenous reinfections. if an effective immune response does not develop, infected animals transgress through a complex immunologic spectrum in which the immunologic reactions themselves are re ... | 1996 | 8828108 |
| diagnosis of paratuberculosis. | the currently available and accurate diagnostic tests for paratuberculosis are reviewed. technical issues concerning test performance are briefly mentioned and the advantages, disadvantages, and comparative accuracy are described. the article concludes with recommendations on which tests to use in eight different situations requiring laboratory diagnostics for paratuberculosis. | 1996 | 8828110 |
| treatment of clinical paratuberculosis in cattle. | paratuberculosis is a chronic, fatal condition that is usually clinically undetectable until the onset of copious diarrhea. paratuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium paratuberculosis. successful eradication of paratuberculosis depends on the early detection of infected animals, allowing removal of carrier animals from the herd. treatment for paratuberculosis is therefore rarely indicated or undertaken. treatment may, however, be considered in ruminants of exceptional genetic value or in compan ... | 1996 | 8828113 |
| paratuberculosis in small ruminants, deer, and south american camelids. | paratuberculosis in small ruminants is widespread geographically. in some herds and flocks, clinical paratuberculosis, which primarily causes long-term weight loss, can be a significant cause of culling. the effects of subclinical disease are less defined, but they may include decreased milk production in milking sheep and decreased weight gain in deer raised for slaughter. paratuberculosis also can cause economic losses due to reduced sales of breeding animals from purebred flocks and herds. di ... | 1996 | 8828115 |
| paratuberculosis: a potential zoonosis? | available literature on the controversial role of mycobacterium paratuberculosis as an etiologic agent in human crohn's disease is reviewed. despite almost 15 years of investigation, the question of causal or consequential association between johne's disease and crohn's disease continues to linger. | 1996 | 8828116 |
| production of gamma-interferon by peripheral blood mononuclear cells: an important diagnostic tool for detection of subclinical paratuberculosis. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from noninfected control cows and from cows with either subclinical or clinical paratuberculosis (johne's disease). cells were incubated for 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours in complete medium with the following mitogens: concanavalin a (cona), phytohemagglutinin-p (phap), pokeweed mitogen (pwm), and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. in addition, cells were incubated for the same time periods with a mycobacterium paratuberculosis sonicate (mps) and live ... | 1996 | 8844578 |
| identification of mycobacterium avium complex in sarcoidosis. | cell wall-defective bacteria which later reverted to acid-fast bacilli have been isolated from sarcoid tissue. these have not been conclusively shown to be mycobacteria. specific pcr assays were applied to identify mycobacterial nucleic acids in these cultured isolates and in fresh specimens obtained from patients with sarcoidosis. positive amplification and hybridization were observed with mycobacterium avium complex- and/or mycobacterium paratuberculosis-specific probes in five of the six cult ... | 1996 | 8862592 |
| on the etiology of crohn disease. | crohn disease (cd) is a chronic, panenteric intestinal inflammatory disease. its etiology is unknown. analogous to the tuberculoid and lepromatous forms of leprosy, cd may have two clinical manifestations. one is aggressive and fistulizing (perforating), and the other is contained, indolent, and obstructive (nonperforating) [gi]-berts, e. c. a. m., greenstein, a. j., katsel, p., harpaz, n. & greenstein, r. j. (1994) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 91, 12721-127241. the etiology, if infections, may be ... | 1996 | 8790414 |
| is900 pcr to detect mycobacterium paratuberculosis in retail supplies of whole pasteurized cows' milk in england and wales. | is900 pcr for mycobacterium paratuberculosis was applied to cream, whey, and pellet fractions of centrifuged whole cows' milk. the test and simultaneous control reactions gave correct results for spiked milk and for native milk samples obtained directly from m. paratuberculosis-free, subclinically infected, and clinically infected cows. the test was then applied to units of whole pasteurized cows' milk widely obtained from retail outlets throughout central and southern england from september 199 ... | 1996 | 8795236 |
| improved isolation of genomic dna from mycobacteria in agarose plugs by rapid lysis with a combination of n-acetylglucosaminidase and lysozyme. | 1996 | 8800667 | |
| analysis of paraffin sections of crohn's disease for mycobacterium paratuberculosis using polymerase chain reaction. | although mycobacterium paratuberculosis has been reported by both culture and polymerase chain reaction in unfixed intestinal tissue from patients with crohn's disease, its pathologic significance is unclear. we used polymerase chain reaction to analyze dna for the presence of m. paratuberculosis from 27 specimens in 23 patients with crohn's disease. seventeen of these cases contained granulomata. dna from unstained paraffin tissue sections was amplified using nested pcr specific for a 264-base ... | 1996 | 8821953 |
| molecular techniques in the diagnosis and control of paratuberculosis in cattle. | 1996 | 8756870 | |
| paratuberculosis in sheep flocks in morocco: a serological, microscopical and cultural survey. | in an attempt to estimate the importance of johne's disease in sheep in morocco, a diagnostic survey was made in three flocks suspected of being infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. blood and faeces samples collected randomly from 188 adult sheep were investigated using direct microscopy of fecal smears, fecal culture and the serum complement fixation test (cft). microscopical examination of faeces revealed acid-fast bacteria in 67 (35.6%) samples. however, ziehl-neelsen staining lacks ... | 1996 | 8767767 |
| molecular characterization of mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolates from sheep, goats, and cattle by hybridization with a dna probe to insertion element is900. | mycobactin j-dependent mycobacterial isolates from sheep, goat, and cattle herds with johne's disease in morocco, south africa, the united states, and germany were tested for the repetitive insertion sequence is900 of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by pcr. the is900 pcr target sequence was detected in 90 of 93 fecal culture isolates tested (96.8%). restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) and in vitro growth characteristics were studied in 46 of the is900-positive isolates and in two bo ... | 1996 | 8784556 |
| detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues by the polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) utilizing primers specific for the is900 sequence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis was applied to tissue sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ileum from cattle with johne's disease and the results compared to those obtained with acid-fast (ziehl-neelsen) and immunohistochemical staining. the pcr was positive in 19/21 tissues (90%) while ziehl-neelsen staining was positive in 18/21 (86%) and immunohistochemical staining in 21/21 (100%). the ziehl-neel ... | 1996 | 8785716 |
| comparison of the absorbed elisa and agar gel immunodiffusion test with clinicopathological findings in ovine clinical paratuberculosis. | thirty-two sheep with clinical paratuberculosis and 43 normal, healthy control animals were tested for serum antibodies to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis with the absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) test. all the sheep were necropsied and the diseased cases were categorised as having either multibacillary ('lepromatous') or paucibacillary ('tuberculoid') intestinal lesions. the elisa and agid test were highly sensitive when test ... | 1996 | 9123786 |
| cost-benefit analysis of vaccination against paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. | paratuberculosis is an infectious and incurable disease which causes considerable economic losses in dairy cattle, due mainly to premature disposal and losses of milk production. in 1984 the animal health service north-netherlands started a vaccination trial in which young calves were vaccinated once, to test whether vaccination reduced the production losses and whether the overall costs of vaccination were outweighed by the benefits. vaccination against paratuberculosis reduced the number of cl ... | 1996 | 9123788 |
| the effect of cobalt supplementation on the immune response in vitamin b12 deficient texel lambs. | the effect of cobalt supplementation on the immune reactivity in vitamin b12 deficient lambs was measured by comparing the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against bovine herpes virus type 1 and mycobacterium paratuberculosis. in addition, faecal egg counts were performed after natural infection with gastrointestinal nematodes. the experiments were performed with registered texel twin lambs of the same sex. one lamb of each twin received three cobalt pellets divided over the grazing pe ... | 1996 | 9014314 |
| survival of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and preservation of immunoglobulin g in bovine colostrum under experimental conditions simulating pasteurization. | to determine whether mycobacterium paratuberculosis could survive in colostrum after pasteurization. additionally, this study investigated the effect pasteurization had on igg concentration in colostrum. | 1996 | 8915433 |
| differences in the kinetics of t cell accumulations in c3h/hen (bcg-resistant) and c57bl/6 (bcg-susceptible) mice infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | the accumulation of various t cell subsets in bcg-susceptible (c57bl/6) and- resistant (c3h/hen) strains of mice were compared following an intraperitoneal infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. groups of mice from both strains were killed at 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 150 days after infection and lymphocytes were harvested from the peritoneal exudate cells (pec), spleen, intestinal epithelial lymphocytes (iel), lamina propria lymphocytes (lpl), peyer's patches, and mesenteric lymph node (mln ... | 1996 | 8894379 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis: a potential food-borne pathogen? | mycobacterium paratuberculosis commonly infects dairy cattle, leading to johne's disease, which is also known as paratuberculosis. the infection is chronic progressive, and incurable. as the infection progresses, excretion of m. paratuberculosis in feces and milk occurs, and the bacterium spreads through the blood to multiple internal organs. consequently, raw products originating from cattle may harbor m. paratuberculosis. thermal treatments, such as pasteurization, are commonly relied on to ki ... | 1997 | 9436127 |
| farm factors associated with the presence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in dairy herds on the new york state paratuberculosis control program. | an extensive questionnaire was developed and used to collect data from 33 herds that were on the new york state paratuberculosis control program, to study farm factors associated with the presence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in dairy herds. the results of the last whole herd paratuberculosis fecal culture were used to indicate presence of infection in a herd, with herds having one or more animals positive classified as 'infected'. the average prevalence within herds was 5.2%. fou ... | 1997 | 9443331 |
| differentiation of australian isolates of mycobacterium paratuberculosis using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | to examine strain variation amongst australian isolates of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | 1997 | 9469224 |
| [frequency and cost of health problems in swiss dairy cows and their calves (1993-1994)]. | between july 1993 and july 1994 morbidity and management information related to dairy cows and their calves up to the age of 8 weeks were recorded in 113 randomly selected dairy herds. also recorded were any costs incurred through disease and prevention. blood and faeces were analysed with respect to selected pathogens. the health problems most frequently diagnosed in cows were reproductive and udder diseases. calves suffered most often from diarrhea, omphalitis and pneumonia. the directly disea ... | 1997 | 9297231 |
| effects of gamma interferon and nitric oxide on the interaction of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with bovine monocytes. | in this study, we examined the effects of recombinant bovine gamma interferon (rifn-gamma) and nitric oxide (no) on the interaction of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis with bovine monocytes. monocytes pretreated with rifn-gamma exhibited slightly increased phagocytosis of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and modest inhibition of the intracellular growth of this microorganism. the number of viable intracellular bacilli decreased earlier in rifn-gamma-pretreated monocytes than in control monocytes ... | 1997 | 9125559 |
| determination of the etiology of presumptive feline leprosy by 16s rrna gene analysis. | pcr-amplified 16s rrna gene sequences were obtained directly from tissue specimens from eight cats with presumptive feline leprosy. acid-fast bacilli were observed in sections from all eight specimens, but culture for mycobacteria was successful for one specimen only. analysis of the v2 variable region of each 16s rrna pcr product identified a sequence with 100% nucleotide identity to the sequences of mycobacterium lepraemurium, mycobacterium avium, and mycobacterium paratuberculosis in four of ... | 1997 | 9316890 |
| study of t-lymphocyte subsets of healthy and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected cattle. | the relative contributions of t-lymphocyte subsets to host defense in cattle infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is reported. the subsets were purified with appropriate monoclonal antibodies and a magnetic bead column separation system, and their purity was verified by flow cytometry. biological activity of each subset, expressed as lymphoproliferation and gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) production, was measured in response to phytohemagglutinin (pha) and an m. avium antigen p ... | 1997 | 9353078 |
| differentiation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolates by rdna-spacer analysis and random amplified polymorphic dna patterns. | the ability to distinguish between isolates of mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolates was studied using two molecular techniques. nucleotide sequence analysis of the rdna-spacer and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis using decamer primers with gc contents of 60 to 70% were evaluated on 16 isolates of m. paratuberculosis from cattle. the rdna spacer analysis did not discriminate between isolates as it revealed an identical sequence for all 16 strains tested but it showed one common ... | 1997 | 9355250 |
| development of an elisa technique for serodiagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis. | a local clinical mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) isolate was cultivated in large-scale culture. a procedure for efficient preparation of a lipoarabinomannan-containing antigen was developed and standardized; 25 mg of purified antigen were obtained per gram of bacterial wet weight. an elisa based on this antigen was developed. intra- and interassay variation were determined to be 20% and 27%, respectively. the elisa was evaluated using the sera of groups of 39 non- ... | 1997 | 9355254 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in ovine tissues and blood by the polymerase chain reaction. | a direct polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test was applied to dna extracted from blood, liver, ileocecal lymph node and ileum from twelve ewes in poor condition with histologically confirmed paratuberculosis and ten clinically normal sheep which had no evidence of paratuberculosis. the assay was compared with four serological tests: complement fixation test (cft), gel diffusion test (agid) and two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). the pcr detection rate of mycobacterium avium subsp. par ... | 1997 | 9355258 |
| use of four dna insertion sequences to characterize strains of the mycobacterium avium complex isolated from animals. | the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) includes the closely related species m. avium, m. intracellulare and m. paratuberculosis. the insertion elements is900, is901, is1245 and is1311 were used as dna probes to characterize by restriction fragment polymorphisms (rflps) eight reference strains, three animal isolates of m. paratuberculosis from outside new zealand and 61 selected new zealand mac isolates from cattle, deer, pigs, sheep and humans. is900 was found only in strains of m. paratuberculos ... | 1997 | 9375297 |
| an improved method for cultivation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from bovine fecal samples and comparison to three other methods. | a new method (nadc) for isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from fecal samples is described and evaluated using fecal samples from a known paratuberculosis-infected herd of cattle. the nadc method includes centrifugation of the total fecal sample supernatant and use of a 2-step decontamination protocol. the growth rate of m. paratuberculosis and contamination rate of cultures when using this method are compared to 3 other published methods: sedimentation, centrifugation, and cornell. sen ... | 1997 | 9376426 |
| a comparison of lipoarabinomannan with other antigens used in absorbed enzyme immunoassays for the serological detection of cattle infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | 1997 | 9376433 | |
| ovine johne's disease. | 1997 | 9404611 | |
| heat inactivation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in raw milk: are current pasteurization conditions effective? | currently, it is not known whether commercial pasteurization effectively kills mycobacterium paratuberculosis in contaminated raw milk. results from holder test tube experiments indicated that a residual population of viable bacteria remained after treatment at 65, 72, 74, or 76 degrees c for 0 to 30 min. use of a laboratory-scale pasteurizer unit demonstrated that treatment of raw milk at 72 degrees c for 15 s effectively killed all m. paratuberculosis. | 1997 | 9406421 |
| search for mycobacterium paratuberculosis dna in orofacial granulomatosis and oral crohn's disease tissue by polymerase chain reaction. | although intestinal crohn's disease has long been suspected to have a mycobacterial cause, possible mycobacterial involvement in orofacial granulomatosis (ofg) and oral lesions of crohn's disease has not yet been investigated. | 1997 | 9414972 |
| [crohn's disease and mycobacterium paratuberculosis]. | 1997 | 10374280 | |
| [mycobacterium paratuberculosis in the intestine of patients with crohn's disease]. | crohn's disease has long been suspected of having a mycobacteria, specifically m. paratuberculosis cause. in this study polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was used to detect m. paratuberculosis dna in 74 paraffin wax embedded gut tissues from endoscopic biopsy or surgical resection specimens, including 36 crohn's disease tissues, 18 ulcerative colitis tissues and 20 non-inflammatory bowel disease tissues. oligonucleotides derived from is900 sequence, which is a repeated in m. paratuberculosis ... | 1997 | 10374282 |
| manure and microbes: public and animal health problem? | most environmental concerns about waste management either have focused on the effects of nutrients, especially n and p, on water quality or have emphasized odor problems and air quality. microbes from manure are often low on the priority list for control and remediation, despite the fact that several outbreaks of gastroenteritis have been traced to livestock operations. the pathogens discussed in this paper include protozoans (cryptosporidium parvum, giardia spp.), bacteria (listeria monocytogen ... | 1997 | 9361239 |
| relationship between soil type and mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | 1997 | 9187720 | |
| early immune events following experimental infection of lambs with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | 1997 | 9191323 | |
| characterization of a specific mycobacterium paratuberculosis recombinant clone expressing 35,000-molecular-weight antigen and reactivity with sera from animals with clinical and subclinical johne's disease. | johne's disease is a chronic enteritis of ruminants associated with enormous worldwide economic losses for the dairy cow- and goat-rearing industries. management limitations and eradication programs for this disease have been hampered by the lack of a simple and specific diagnostic test for the detection of subclinical cases. we used a recombinant clone expressing a 35,000-molecular-weight mycobacterium paratuberculosis antigen (p35 antigen) from a previously constructed expression library of m. ... | 1997 | 9196196 |
| identification and differentiation of mycobacteria using the pan promoter sequence from mycobacterium paratuberculosis as a dna probe. | a 165 bp dna fragment containing the pan promoter from mycobacterium paratuberculosis was used as a probe in southern blots to detect the presence of related sequences in other species of mycobacteria. among the species tested homologous sequences appeared to be present in representative pathogens belonging to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, the mais complex, mycobacterium kansasii and also the non-pathogenic vaccine strain mycobacterium bovis bcg. in addition, the probe could differenti ... | 1997 | 9037765 |
| is900 targets translation initiation signals in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to facilitate expression of its hed gene. | the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (formerly mycobacterium paratuberculosis) atypical insertion sequence, is900, encodes a novel gene on the complementary strand to the putative transposase, p43. this gene requires a promoter, ribosome binding site (rbs) and termination codon to be acquired upon insertion into the m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genome and hence is designated the hed (host expression-dependent) gene of is900. analysis of is900 insertion sites suggests that this ele ... | 1997 | 9043131 |
| paratuberculosis in wild rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) | a survey of wild rabbits in tayside, scotland revealed that 67 per cent were infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. in general, the infected rabbits had histopathological changes within the lymph nodes and intestines which were consistent with the changes due to paratuberculosis in ruminants. the survey raises the possibility that rabbits and other wildlife may be involved in the epidemiology of paratuberculosis, a possibility which has important implications for the cont ... | 1997 | 9050174 |
| serological survey for antibodies to infectious agents in beef cattle in northern south australia. | 1997 | 9066974 | |
| identification of mycobacterium paratuberculosis gene expression signals. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis promoter-containing clones were isolated from a genomic dna library constructed in the transcriptional-translational fusion vector pyub76. the promoter-containing dna fragments were identified in the surrogate host mycobacterium smegmatis by expression of the promoterless lacz reporter gene of pyub76. the expression signals exhibited a wide range of strengths, as indicated by their corresponding beta-galactosidase activities. eight clones were sequenced and charact ... | 1997 | 9084176 |
| comparative study of mycobacterium paratuberculosis strains isolated from crohn's disease and johne's disease using restriction fragment length polymorphism and arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction. | to obtain insights into the pathogenic mechanisms involving mycobacterium paratuberculosis in crohn's disease (cd) we questioned if the strains of m. paratuberculosis isolated from cd are distinguishable from those involved in johne's disease (jd), a chronic granulomatous enteritis in cattle. accordingly we compared human and animal strains at the dna level, both by the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) in and around the insertion sequence is 900 and by the arbitrarily ... | 1997 | 9207733 |
| use of an experimental chicks model for paratuberculosis enteritis (johne's disease). | developments in the diagnosis and treatment of paratuberculosis is constrained by the lack of an experimental animal model. to investigate this problem conventional chicks immunodepressed by a cyclophosphamide injection and concurrent inoculation of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) were infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis and kept for 4 months. the immunodepressed chicks eliminated mycobacteria with their faces from the first month until the third month and developed typical intes ... | 1997 | 9208444 |
| paratuberculosis and molecular biology. | 1997 | 9232114 | |
| estimated prevalence of paratuberculosis in missouri, usa cattle. | an absorbed elisa for detection of antibodies against mycobacterium paratuberculosis was performed on serum samples obtained from the missouri animal health laboratory. samples from 1954 missouri cattle representing 89 herds were randomly selected from samples submitted for brucellosis testing. the apparent seroprevalence of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle (8 +/- 3%) was similar to that in beef cattle (5 +/- 2%). when herds were classified as dairy or beef, 74% (14 of 19) of dairy herds and 40% ... | 1997 | 9234425 |
| epithelial antibiotic induced in states of disease. | epithelial defensins provide an active defense against the external microbial environment. we investigated the distribution and expression of this class of antimicrobial peptides in normal cattle and in animals in varying states of disease. beta-defensin mrna was found to be widely expressed in numerous exposed epithelia but was found at higher levels in tissues that are constantly exposed to and colonized by microorganisms. we observed induction in ileal mucosa during chronic infection with myc ... | 1997 | 9238038 |
| radiometric culture of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis from the feces of tule elk. | to determine if mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis has persisted in tule elk (cervus elaphus nannodes) at point reyes national seashore (california, usa), 100 fresh fecal samples were collected. feces were cultured on a modified bactec 12b radiometric medium for detection of m. avium paratuberculosis. four samples, coming from two separate groups of elk tested positive for m. avium paratuberculosis. thus, a noninvasive technique was used to document the continued presence of m. avium paratuber ... | 1997 | 9249713 |
| relation between serologic response and pathologic findings in sheep with naturally acquired paratuberculosis. | to investigate the relation between lesions and serologic response in sheep with naturally acquired paratuberculosis and to evaluate the efficacy of agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) and elisa as diagnostic tests. | 1997 | 9256958 |
| chronic weight loss in an immunodeficient adult llama. | 1997 | 9262665 | |
| a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis dna in crohn's disease tissue. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis is implicated as a possible cause of crohn's disease. however, due to lack of an appropriate diagnostic method, this has been a subject of significant controversy. our aim was therefore to develop a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr) for the detection of m. paratuberculosis dna in crohn's disease tissue. | 1997 | 9282975 |
| analysis of culture filtrate and cell wall-associated antigens of mycobacterium paratuberculosis with monoclonal antibodies. | proteins secreted by mycobacterium species have been suggested as major immune targets in the early phase of infection. in this study, we sought to identify specific antigens in culture filtrates and in soluble cell extracts of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. the release of antigens into the culture medium during growth of the bacilli and the distribution of specific epitopes within the mycobacterium species were investigated by immunoblot analysis with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised agains ... | 1997 | 9009287 |
| [mycobacterium paratuberculosis--an etiological agent in crohn disease?]. | 1997 | 9012086 | |
| scavenging of reactive oxygen species by a glycolipid fraction of mycobacterium avium serovar 2. | previous experiments indicated that mif-a3, a peptidoglycolipid extracted from mycobacterium avium serovar 2 (mycobacterium paratuberculosis 18), inhibits the killing of candida albicans by activated bovine peripheral blood-derived macrophages and murine thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages in vitro. subsequent in vitro data from our laboratory indicated that this reduction in killing may be related to the ability of mif-a3 to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ros). in this study we ex ... | 1997 | 8981049 |
| can johne's disease be eradicated from sheep in australia? | 1997 | 9196819 | |
| milk pasteurisation and safety: a brief history and update. | a brief history of the development of milk pasteurisation is presented and updated. concerns about the margin of safety provided by current pasteurisation standards in terms of milk-borne pathogens such as mycobacteria (in particular mycobacterium paratuberculosis) and other emerging pathogens such as listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 are discussed. with the exception of the endospores of bacillus cereus, current standards appear to be adequate for public health assurance of mi ... | 1997 | 9501358 |
| long-term sequelae to foodborne disease. | most of the concern about foodborne disease has been focused on the immediate effects of acute infection. recent information has shown that many of these foodborne infections also have long-term sequelae with serious health effects and a significant economic impact. to increase the awareness of animal health professionals to these sequelae, the authors discuss two groups of sequelae which are strongly associated with preceding infection (reactive arthritides, including reiter's syndrome, and the ... | 1997 | 9501346 |
| enteric microflora in ibd: pathogens or commensals? | : both pathogenic and normal enteric microflora can induce and perpetuate chronic intestinal inflammation with systemic manifestations in genetically susceptible hosts. at the present time, there is no convincing indication that the majority of cases of ulcerative colitis or crohn's disease is caused by persistent infection by mycobacterium paratuberculosis, measles, listeria monocytogenes, or helicobacter species, but this possibility remains a valid hypothesis. transient infection with any of ... | 1997 | 23282809 |
| isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from milk by immunomagnetic separation. | an immunomagnetic separation (ims) technique was developed to facilitate selective isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis cells from milk. rabbit polyclonal antibodies against radiation-killed intact m. paratuberculosis cells were produced and used to coat sheep anti-rabbit immunoglobulin g (igg) type m-280 dynabeads. the rabbit anti-m. paratuberculosis igg-coated beads (imb) reacted strongly with laboratory strains of m. paratuberculosis as determined by slide agglutination, and microscopi ... | 1998 | 9726853 |
| health evaluation of free-ranging guanaco (lama guanicoe). | twenty free-ranging guanaco (lama guanicoe) in chubut province, argentina, were immobilized for health evaluations. all but two animals appeared to be in good condition. hematology, serum chemistry, and vitamin and mineral levels were measured, and feces were evaluated for parasites. serology tests included bluetongue, brucellosis, bovine respiratory syncitial virus, bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease, equine herpesvirus 1, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, johne's disease (mycobacterium par ... | 1998 | 9732026 |
| quality of uk milk to be studied. | 1998 | 9758478 |