Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| interpretation of a commercial bovine paratuberculosis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by using likelihood ratios. | evidence-based medicine encourages the use of quantitative diagnostic test results to estimate the probability of a particular diagnosis. likelihood ratios (lrs) are among the best tools for maximizing the diagnostic information gained from diagnostic assays that provide results on a continuous scale. they provide the odds that an animal with a particular test result actually has the disease in question based on the magnitude of the test result. a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (el ... | 2002 | 12414776 |
| variation of the milk antibody response to paratuberculosis in naturally infected dairy cows. | a longitudinal study was performed to determine the course of the milk antibody response in cows presumably infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. milk samples were collected repeatedly (1 to 10 times) from all lactating cows in seven danish dairy herds. a total of 4,289 observations from 812 cows was analyzed after exclusion of samples collected after 280 days in milk (dim). the level of antibodies in the milk samples was assessed using an indirect elisa. a piece-wise linear ... | 2002 | 12487446 |
| in situ identification of mycobacteria in crohn's disease patient tissue using confocal scanning laser microscopy. | the diversity in the methodology employed to investigate crohn's disease (cd) etiology has added significantly to the controversy of the mycobacterial role in this chronic inflammatory bowel disease. mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map), a proposed and suspected agent in many cd patients, is a fastidious and very slow grower bacillus, which causes johne's disease (jd) in cattle. the methodology that has been widely and successfully used for isolation and identification of map from an ... | 2002 | 12005446 |
| paratuberculosis with special reference to cattle. a review. | paratuberculosis is a chronic, granulomatous enteritis caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis affecting domestic and wild ruminants. the symptoms of clinical paratuberculosis are chronic diarrhoea and progressive weight loss while subclinically infected animals mainly have decreased production. the infection is widespread throughout the world and causes substantial financial losses for the farming industry. one of the major obstacles in the control of this disease, is the diff ... | 2002 | 11918176 |
| killing of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis within macrophages. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) is a facultative intracellular pathogen that resides within host macrophages during infection of ruminant animals. we examined survival of m. paratuberculosis infections within cultured macrophages to better understand the interplay between bacterium and host. | 2002 | 11860602 |
| crohn's disease caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: a public health tragedy whose resolution is long overdue. | 2002 | 11800469 | |
| infection and disease caused by environmental mycobacteria. | many species of mycobacteria that normally live as environmental saprophytes, the environmental mycobacteria (em), are opportunist causes of disease in humans and animals. many, but not all, cases are associated with some form of immune deficiency. an increasing number of species and clinical presentations are being described, and advances are being made in the understanding of the underlying predisposing factors. in recent years, four aspects of em disease have become particularly relevant to h ... | 2002 | 11981303 |
| treatment of severe crohn's disease using antimycobacterial triple therapy--approaching a cure? | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is probably the best candidate for a microbial cause of crohn's disease although arguments to the contrary can be equally convincing. growing evidence suggests that prolonged antimycobacterial combination therapy can improve crohn's disease in some patients. | 2002 | 11926571 |
| treatment with drugs active against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis can heal crohn's disease: more evidence for a neglected public health tragedy. | 2002 | 11926580 | |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of new citrate-based siderophores as potential probes for the mechanism of iron uptake in mycobacteria. | several iron chelators containing alpha,beta-unsaturated hydroxamic acid motifs appended to a citric acid platform were synthesized. mycobacterium paratuberculosis was then challenged to grow in the presence of a panel of siderophores (mycobactin j, deferrioxamine b, acinetoferrin, and nannochelin a) and the new synthetic agents. of the structures tested, those containing the trans 2-octenoyl motif were preferred over those with trans cinnamoyl groups. in addition, derivatives containing longer ... | 2002 | 11985473 |
| relationships between fecal culture, elisa, and bulk tank milk test results for johne's disease in us dairy herds. | objectives were to estimate percentages of seropositive herds with cows shedding mycobacterium paratuberculosis in feces and milk, and to estimate sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of an elisa relative to fecal culture. dairy cows (n = 712) were randomly selected from 61 herds previously identified by elisa as positive for johne's disease. fecal and bulk tank milk samples (n = 52 of 61 herds) were obtained from 10 states in the united states. fecal samples were processed by a double ... | 2002 | 11949855 |
| fibronectin attachment protein is necessary for efficient attachment and invasion of epithelial cells by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | attachment and ingestion of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by two epithelial cell lines were enhanced by soluble fibronectin (fn). peptide blocking of the fn attachment protein (fap-p) inhibited the internalization of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. disruption of fap-p expression significantly reduced attachment and ingestion of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis by t-24 and caco-2 cells. the results indicate that the interaction between fn and fap-p facilitates attachment and inter ... | 2002 | 11953410 |
| incidence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in bulk raw and commercially pasteurized cows' milk from approved dairy processing establishments in the united kingdom. | over a 17-month period (march 1999 to july 2000), a total of 814 cows' milk samples, 244 bulk raw and 567 commercially pasteurized (228 whole, 179 semi-skim, and 160 skim), from 241 approved dairy processing establishments throughout the united kingdom were tested for the presence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by immunomagnetic pcr (to detect all cells living and dead) and culture (to detect viable cells). overall, m. paratuberculosis dna was detected by immunomagnetic pcr in 19 (7.8%; 95% c ... | 2002 | 11976118 |
| application of the c(18)-carboxypropylbetaine specimen processing method to recovery of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from ruminant tissue specimens. | the causative agent of johne's disease is mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. this is a chronic, debilitating gastrointestinal disorder that affects ruminants and is responsible for significant economic loss. the specimen processing method that combines c(18)-carboxypropylbetaine (cb-18) treatment and lytic enzyme decontamination has been shown to improve the diagnosis of mycobacterioses. this processing method was applied to the isolation of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis from rumina ... | 2002 | 11980960 |
| molecular characterization of pigmented and nonpigmented isolates of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | five pigmented isolates of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis were examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), is900 restriction fragment length polymorphism (is900-rflp), and is1311 polymorphism analysis using pcr. all of the pigmented isolates exhibited one of three distinct pfge profiles with snabi, designated 9, 10, and 11, and with spei, designated 7, 8, and 9, which generated three multiplex profiles designated [9-7], [10-8], and [11-9]. all of the pigmented isolates had ... | 2002 | 11980962 |
| diagnosis of paratuberculosis in naturally infected goats. | a survey was carried out to verify if an immunohistochemical method associated with agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) will establish a firm diagnosis of caprine paratuberculosis. one hundred and thirty-six goats were tested by agid for antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis at two different times: the first time 22 (19.1%) were positive and the second time 25 (18%). one seronegative goat with severe diarrhea and 5 seropositive goats, two of which showing similar clinical si ... | 2002 | 12019718 |
| evaluation of two absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and a complement fixation test as replacements for fecal culture in the detection of cows shedding mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | control of paratuberculosis in dairy herds is based on preventing the transmission of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb) from cows to calves by management measures, supported by removal of cows excreting these bacteria by the fecal route (mptb shedders). fecal culture is the most accurate test for identifying mptb shedders, but this technique is expensive and takes up to 16 weeks for results to be available. serologic tests are inexpensive, rapid, and easy to perform. of serologi ... | 2002 | 12033677 |
| assessment of test results when using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in repeated samples collected from adult dairy cattle. | to determine the proportion of adult cattle that change test status when an elisa for antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) is used to assay samples collected twice at variable intervals and to determine whether cows with an initial strong positive result were more likely to maintain positive status, compared with all cows with an initial positive result. | 2002 | 12051511 |
| open clinical trial of rifabutin and clarithromycin therapy in crohn's disease. | crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease in humans, has a suspected aetiology of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | 2002 | 11930899 |
| progressive bovine paratuberculosis is associated with local loss of cd4(+) t cells, increased frequency of gamma delta t cells, and related changes in t-cell function. | bovine paratuberculosis is caused by the infection of young calves with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, resulting in a chronic granulomatous infection of predominantly the ileum. after an incubation period of 2 to 5 years, the disease becomes progressive in some of the chronically infected, but asymptomatic cows. this results in a protein-losing enteropathy that will ultimately be fatal. a loss of cell-mediated immune responses in symptomatic animals has been described, but no infor ... | 2002 | 12065529 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by buoyant density centrifugation, sequence capture pcr and dot blot hybridisation. | detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is often hampered by the lack of efficient methods for sample treatment. we report a protocol for analysis of faecal samples based on buoyant density centrifugation in percoll and is900 sequence capture pcr combined with a dot blot assay for detection of low-grade infection of m. paratuberculosis. serial dilutions of m. paratuberculosis genomic dna and m. paratuberculosis bacteria we ... | 2002 | 12069770 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis heat shock protein 70 as a tool in control of paratuberculosis. | paratuberculosis in cattle is a chronic intestinal disease in which a distinctive cellular reactivity of a th1-type preceeds the phase in which antibody titers are easily detectable and the animal becomes clinically ill. during infection with mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (m.a.p), a decrease in cd4 t-helper cells has been observed in the clinical phase. our ultimate aim is to elicit a cytotoxic reaction against infected macrophages, using recombinant hsp70 (rhsp70) of m.a.p. as a too ... | 2002 | 12072241 |
| an is900-like sequence found in a mycobacterium sp. other than mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | the insertion sequence is900 has been considered specific for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) and has, therefore, been used as the target gene for diagnostic pcr of m. paratuberculosis. from a healthy dairy cow we have isolated and characterised a mycobacterium harbouring one copy of a sequence with 94% identity to is900 at the nucleic acid level. the isolate was shown to be related to mycobacterium cookii, as assessed by 16s rrna sequencing. strong amplificatio ... | 2002 | 12007816 |
| a fluorescence polarization assay for the detection of antibodies to mycobacterium bovis in cattle sera. | a fluorescence polarization assay (fpa) utilizing fluorescein-labelled mpb70 protein as the antigen was developed and evaluated for its ability to detect antibodies to mycobacterium bovis in cattle sera. three panels of sera were examined in this study. these included: (a) sera (n=28) obtained from cattle from which m. bovis was cultured; (b) sera (n=5666) from canadian field cattle which were presumed to be free from m. bovis; (c) sera (n=10) from cattle infected with mycobacterium paratubercul ... | 2002 | 12034543 |
| analysis of mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte subset proliferation and nitric oxide production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of captive elk (cervus elaphus). | elk (cervus claphus) are reservoirs for brucella abortus, mycobacterium bovis, and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, each a serious pathogen of domestic livestock. an understanding of the basic immune responsiveness of elk would aid efforts to develop methods to diagnose and prevent these diseases of elk. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) isolated from captive elk were examined for phenotype, lymphocyte subset proliferative capacity, and ability to produce nitric oxide (no) up ... | 2002 | 12038134 |
| [establishment and evaluation of an elisa for the detection of antibodies in milk against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis]. | mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis (johne's disease), a chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants occurring worldwide with increasing frequency and leading to growing economic losses. continuous surveillance of dairy farms would be advisable, particularly with respect to the increasing economic importance of paratuberculosis and the high tenacity of the pathogen, which can persist in the environment for many months. so ... | 2002 | 12073496 |
| management factors related to seroprevalences to bovine viral-diarrhoea virus, bovine-leukosis virus, mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and neospora caninum in dairy herds in the canadian maritimes. | bovine viral-diarrhoea (bvd), enzootic bovine leukosis (ebl), johne's disease (jd), and neosporosis lower on-farm productivity, reduce export competitiveness, and increase consumer concerns regarding safety. our purpose was to examine the relationship between 27 control practices and the estimated true seroprevalences for these four diseases for 2604 cattle in 90 dairy herds in the maritimes provinces of canada. overall, 37.8, 20.4, 3.4, and 19.2% of all sampled cattle were truly exposed to the ... | 2002 | 12324207 |
| quantitative analysis of mycobacterial and propionibacterial dna in lymph nodes of japanese and european patients with sarcoidosis. | the cause(s) of sarcoidosis is unknown. mycobacterium spp. are suspected in europe and propionibacterium spp. are suspected in japan. the present international collaboration evaluated the possible etiological links between sarcoidosis and the suspected bacterial species. formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections of biopsy samples of lymph nodes, one from each of 108 patients with sarcoidosis and 65 patients with tuberculosis, together with 86 control samples, were collected from two institut ... | 2002 | 11773116 |
| effect of commercial-scale high-temperature, short-time pasteurization on the viability of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in naturally infected cows' milk. | raw cows' milk naturally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis was pasteurized with an apv hxp commercial-scale pasteurizer (capacity 2,000 liters/h) on 12 separate occasions. on each processing occasion, milk was subjected to four different pasteurization treatments, viz., 73 degrees c for 15 s or 25 s with and without prior homogenization (2,500 lb/in(2) in two stages), in an apv manton gaulin kf6 homogenizer. raw and pasteurized milk samples were tested for m. paratuberculosis by immun ... | 2002 | 11823197 |
| maximum-likelihood estimation of sensitivity and specificity of elisas and faecal culture for diagnosis of paratuberculosis. | the accuracy of three diagnostic tests for paratuberculosis was evaluated using maximum-likelihood estimation of sensitivity and specificity. we also explored the variety of estimates that can be obtained if the tests are to be used in populations of different composition with regard to infection and disease states. two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were evaluated separately with the faecal culture (fc). the study was carried out as a cross-sectional field study to cover all likely ... | 2002 | 11830293 |
| comparison of real-time, quantitative pcr with molecular beacons to nested pcr and culture methods for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine fecal samples. | an automated pcr with fluorescent probes (molecular beacons) detected mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine feces. when the pcr was compared with culture in testing 41 fecal samples, kappa scores of 0.94 to 0.96, a sensitivity of 93 to 96%, and a specificity of 92% were obtained. results were quantitated by using a standard curve derived from a plasmid containing is900. a minimum quantity of 1.7 x 10(-4) pg of dna, correlating to 1 to 8 cfu, was detected. | 2002 | 11773135 |
| antigen-induced production of interferon-gamma in samples of peripheral lymph nodes from sheep experimentally inoculated with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | the production of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) in response to johnin purified protein derivate was measured in samples of the prescapular lymph node (pln) from 10 sheep, aged 2 years, and nine sheep, aged 1 year that had been inoculated orally with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis within their first month of life. ten non-inoculated sheep, aged 1 year, constituted the negative control group. the results obtained in the pln ifn-gamma assay were compared with those derived from serologi ... | 2002 | 11731176 |
| johne's disease in new zealand: the past, present and a glimpse into the future. | abstract extract • johne's disease is endemic in cattle and sheep in new zealand and is spreading in farmed deer. • procedures for the control of johne's disease in new zealand have been sporadic and often ineffective. • characterisation of strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis using molecular biological techniques have revealed two distinct strain types. one type has been found in cattle, goats and deer, and the other in sheep, goats and deer • vaccination has been identified as an importan ... | 2002 | 21838633 |
| comparison between a commercial and an in-house elisa or anti-m. avium paratuberculosis antibodies detection in dairy herds in rio de janeiro, brazil. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease) is a chronic enteritis that affects ruminants and is caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). the disease is worldwide spread and causes important economic losses. in brazil, map has already been isolated, but there are no enough epidemiological studies about its prevalence. in this study, 179 sera of dairy cows originated from rio de janeiro state, brazil, were tested for the presence of anti-map antibodies using two elisas. first one was a ... | 2002 | 17061486 |
| detection by immunomagnetic pcr of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk from dairy goats in norway. | milk samples from 340 individual goats in 34 dairy herds throughout norway were examined for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m.a. paratuberculosis) by culture and immunomagnetic separation combined with pcr (ims-pcr). the samples included three categories; (a) vaccinated dairy goats in herds with paratuberculosis; (b) vaccinated dairy goats in herds with no history of paratuberculosis; (c) unvaccinated goats in herds with no history of paratuberculosis. viable m.a. paratuberculosis ... | 2003 | 12488077 |
| lack of association of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with oocytes and embryos from moderate shedders of the pathogen. | paratuberculosis is a chronic and progressive disease of the intestine in ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). the bacterium is transmitted to young animals, becomes manifest in adulthood and leads to economic losses. the aim of this study is to investigate if cows shedding map possess oocytes and embryos that are carriers of the bacterium. new genetical material can enter the dairy farm using embryo transfer but the question as to whether this technique is safe ... | 2003 | 12559469 |
| an estimated prevalence of johne's disease in a subpopulation of alabama beef cattle. | the objective of this study was to estimate the overall prevalence of animals that were infected with mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in a subpopulation of alabama beef cattle. this was determined using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of m. avium ssp. paratuberculosis-specific antibodies in serum. serum was collected from 79 herds that were participating in the alabama brucellosis certification program. a total of 2,073 beef cattle were randomly ... | 2003 | 12580290 |
| use of growth indices from radiometric culture for quantification of sheep strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | a simple method for using growth indices from radiometric bactec cultures was evaluated for the enumeration of australian sheep strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the numbers of viable organisms in inocula were determined by end-point titration in bactec cultures. growth indices were measured by using a bactec 460 machine. there was a linear relationship between the number of days taken for the cumulative growth index to reach 1,000 (dcgi1000) and log(10) inoculum size. the ... | 2003 | 12788757 |
| comparison of two dna extractions and nested pcr, real-time pcr, a new commercial pcr assay, and bacterial culture for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine feces. | in this study, 5 combinations of 2 dna extractions and 3 polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques were compared with culture for the detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis directly from bovine feces. these combinations included a new commercial extraction technique combined with a commercial pcr/southern blot technique, nested pcr (npcr), or real-time pcr, and a university-developed extraction combined with npcr or real-time pcr. four of the 5 combinations had statistically similar sensit ... | 2003 | 12661717 |
| temporal patterns of diagnostic results in serial samples from cattle with advanced paratuberculosis infections. | as part of investigating diagnostic strategies for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), serial results from polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on extraintestinal tissues (blood, milk, and liver) were compared with those from more conventional detection methods including serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), fecal culture, and fecal pcr. three cows previously identified as being subclinically infected with map were selected for the study. blood, milk, and feces were collecte ... | 2003 | 12661735 |
| the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis 35 kda protein plays a role in invasion of bovine epithelial cells. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) enters intestinal epithelial cells of cattle and other ruminants via a mechanism that remains to be fully elucidated. this study showed that a gene encoding the m. paratuberculosis 35 kda major membrane protein (mmp) is expressed at a higher level in low-oxygen and high-osmolarity conditions that are similar to the environment of the intestine. in addition, cattle with johne's disease produced antibodies against mmp, suggesting th ... | 2003 | 12904546 |
| analysis of repeated tests for interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) response and faecal excretion for diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis in danish cattle. | a total of 315 cattle were tested for infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) at three consecutive samplings, using the interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) test on whole blood and bacteriological culture of faecal samples. of 205 cattle from 10 infected herds 99 (48%) were positive in the ifn-gamma test on at least one sampling using "idexx-criteria" for interpretation, and of 110 cattle from five non-infected herds three (3%) were positive. forty-four animals f ... | 2003 | 12909406 |
| testing for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in asymptomatic free-ranging tule elk from an infected herd. | forty-five adult tule elk (cervus elaphus nannodes) in good physical condition were translocated from a population located at point reyes national seashore, marin county (california, usa), to a holding pen 6 mo prior to release in an unfenced region of the park. because infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb) had been reported in the source population, the translocated elk underwent extensive ante-mortem testing using three johne's disease assays: enzyme linked immunoso ... | 2003 | 12910759 |
| nymphs of the oriental cockroach (blatta orientalis) as passive vectors of causal agents of avian tuberculosis and paratuberculosis. | the potential transmission of the causal agent of paratuberculosis mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis and avian tuberculosis mycobacterium avium ssp. avium (actinomycetales: mycobacteriaceae) by nymphs of the oriental cockroach blatta orientalis l. (blattodea: blattidae) was investigated by oral infection with mycobacterial suspensions and examination of their droppings and bodies. both the subspecies of m. avium were isolated from droppings at 3 days post-infection and m. a. avium was fo ... | 2003 | 12823831 |
| pooled fecal culture sampling for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis at different herd sizes and prevalence. | a stochastic spreadsheet model was developed to obtain estimates of the costs of whole herd testing on dairy farms for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) with pooled fecal samples. the optimal pool size was investigated for 2 scenarios, prevalence (a low-prevalence herd [< or = 5%] and a high-prevalence herd [> 5%]) and for different herd sizes (100-, 250-, 500- and 1,000-cow herds). all adult animals in the herd were sampled, and the samples of the individuals were divided into e ... | 2003 | 12735345 |
| genomic homogeneity between mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis belies their divergent growth rates. | mycobacterium avium subspecies avium (m. avium) is frequently encountered in the environment, but also causes infections in animals and immunocompromised patients. in contrast, mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) is a slow-growing organism that is the causative agent of johne's disease in cattle and chronic granulomatous infections in a variety of other ruminant hosts. yet we show that despite their divergent phenotypes and the diseases they present, the genomes ... | 2003 | 12740027 |
| diagnostic testing patterns of natural mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in pygmy goats. | thirteen pygmy goats (capra hircus) from a herd naturally infected with mycobacterium avium ss. paratuberculosis (mptb) were monitored with 4 diagnostic assays for 2 to 15 mo. cellular and humoral immune responses to the infection were assessed with assays of gamma interferon (ifngamma), serum antibody [enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and agar gel diffusion (agid)], and radiometric fecal culture. microscopic examination and radiometric culture of tissue from 12 sites were performed at ... | 2003 | 12889728 |
| is crohn's disease caused by a mycobacterium? comparisons with leprosy, tuberculosis, and johne's disease. | although crohn's disease is considered to be autoimmune in origin, there is increasing evidence that it may have an infectious cause. the most plausible candidate is mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). intriguingly, koch's postulates may have been fulfilled for map and crohn's disease, even though they still have not been met for mycobacterium leprae and leprosy. in animals map causes johne's disease, a chronic wasting intestinal diarrhoeal disease evocative of crohn's disease ... | 2003 | 12901893 |
| evaluation of serum and milk elisas for paratuberculosis in danish dairy cattle. | a milk and a serum elisa for detection of antibodies against mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) were evaluated against the complement-fixation test (cft) and culture of faecal samples from 580 cows collected between august 1996 and december 1996. milk and serum were obtained concurrently from six dairy herds infected with map and from two dairy herds without history of infection with map.a cut-off value of 7 od% was used in the elisas. at this cut-off value, all six culture-positive ... | 2003 | 12706056 |
| the effect of decontamination protocols on the numbers of sheep strain mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolated from tissues and faeces. | the effect of decontamination protocols on the numbers of sheep strain mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolated in bactec cultures from clinical samples was assessed by spiking tissues and faeces at various points during the decontamination procedure. routine protocols in the laboratory were shown to decrease the number of organisms isolated per sample by about 2.7 log(10) and 3.1 log(10) for faeces and tissues, respectively. these findings are important for the interpretation of neg ... | 2003 | 12935753 |
| comparative evaluation of the mgit and bactec culture systems for the recovery of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from milk. | aims: to compare the detection capabilities of the non-radiometric mgit (mycobacteria growth indicator tubes) and radiometric bactec 460tb culture systems (becton dickinson, cowley, oxford, uk) for recovering mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from milk. methods and results: ultra heat treated (uht) milk samples spiked with different levels of m. paratuberculosis (10-107 cells ml-1) were inoculated into mgit and bactec media (containing recommended supplements) with and without prior ch ... | 2003 | 12807471 |
| detection and verification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in fresh ileocolonic mucosal biopsy specimens from individuals with and without crohn's disease. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is a robust and phenotypically versatile pathogen which causes chronic inflammation of the intestine in many species, including primates. m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection is widespread in domestic livestock and is present in retail pasteurized cows' milk in the united kingdom and, potentially, elsewhere. water supplies are also at risk. the involvement of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in crohn's disease (cd) in humans has been uncertain be ... | 2003 | 12843021 |
| adrenomedullin expression by gastric epithelial cells in response to infection. | many surface epithelial cells express adrenomedullin, a multifunctional peptide found in a wide number of body and cell systems. recently, we and others have proposed that adrenomedullin has an important novel role in host defense. this peptide has many properties in common with other cationic antimicrobial peptides, including the human beta-defensins. upon exposure of human gastric epithelial cells to viable cells of invasive or noninvasive strains of helicobacter pylori, escherichia coli, salm ... | 2003 | 12853384 |
| evaluation of culture media for the recovery of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from cheddar cheese. | the study evaluated the efficacy of four mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) culture media in suppressing commonly used starter cultures and typical nonstarter microflora present during the manufacture and ripening of cheddar cheese, with a view to identify a suitable medium for the enumeration of map during laboratory-scale cheddar production. | 2003 | 12969490 |
| do non-ruminant wildlife pose a risk of paratuberculosis to domestic livestock and vice versa in scotland? | paratuberculosis (johne's disease) was long considered only a disease of ruminants. recently non-ruminant wildlife species have been shown to harbor mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative organism of paratuberculosis. we review the known non-ruminant wildlife host range of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and consider their role in the epidemiology of paratuberculosis in domestic ruminant livestock. mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis has been isolated from lagomorph, ... | 2003 | 12685064 |
| efficacy of commercial and field-strain mycobacterium paratuberculosis vaccinations with recombinant il-12 in a bovine experimental infection model. | the efficacy of commercial (strain 18) and field-isolate paratuberculosis vaccine preparations was investigated. the effect of prior exposure to mycobacterium paratuberculosis and the adjuvant effect of ril-12 on vaccine efficacy were also tested. both strain 18 and field-isolate vaccines induced strong local, systemic and enteric ifn-gamma responses. a significant reduction in mycobacterial colonization was observed when calves were vaccinated with the field-isolate prior to challenge, but not ... | 2003 | 12804836 |
| the results of using faecal culture as confirmation test of paratuberculosis-seropositive dairy cattle. | a total of 15,822 cattle aged 3 years and older, belonging to 378 randomly selected herds, were tested for paratuberculosis using an absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa); 3.3% tested positive. this percentage was lowest for the group of cattle aged 3-4 years (2.3%) and highest for cattle with the age of 5-6 years (4.5%). the mean sample to positive (s/p) ratio of seropositive cattle vaccinated against paratuberculosis was higher (0.75 +/- 0.33) than that of seropositive, non-vaccin ... | 2003 | 12864898 |
| development of the dutch johne's disease control program supported by a simulation model. | the development of a simulation model, "johnessim", was part of a research program aimed at designing a national johne's disease control program for the netherlands. initially, the focus was mainly directed towards different compulsory "test-and-cull" strategies. however, the results from the johnessim model showed that eradication of johne's disease based on such strategies would not be possible within 20 years and that it was also economically unattractive. however, improved calf management se ... | 2003 | 12900150 |
| preliminary characterization of chemically generated mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis cell wall deficient forms (spheroplasts). | cell wall deficient forms (cwd, spheroplasts) genetically indistinguishable from m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) have been isolated from patients with crohn's disease and sarcoidosis. these map cwd may be important in the pathogenesis of these diseases and in johne's disease in other animal species. cwd forms are extremely difficult to isolate and generally revert to cell wall competent forms (cwc) when cultured in vitro. cultured map strain 19698 were chemically treated to generate suffi ... | 2003 | 12935751 |
| early induction of humoral and cellular immune responses during experimental mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of calves. | johne's disease (paratuberculosis) of cattle is widespread and causes significant economic losses for producers due to decreased production and poor health of affected animals. the chronic nature of the disease and the lack of a reproducible model of infection hinder research efforts. in the present study, instillation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis into the tonsillar crypts of neonatal calves resulted in peripheral colonization as detected by antemortem culture of feces and post ... | 2003 | 12933856 |
| use of loop-mediated isothermal amplification of the is900 sequence for rapid detection of cultured mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | we evaluated the usefulness of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) in detecting specific gene sequences of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). a total of 102 primer sets for lamp was designed to amplify the is900, hspx, and f57 gene sequences of map. using each of two primer sets (p-1 and p-2) derived from the is900 fragment, it was possible to detect map in a manner similar to that used with nested pcr. the sensitivity of lamp with p-1 was 0.5 pg/tube, which was more se ... | 2003 | 12958269 |
| seroprevalence of johne's-disease infection in dairy cattle in california, usa. | a total of 1,950 serum samples from dairy cattle in california, usa were tested for the presence of antibodies to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kit. the sampled animals came from 65 herds and were sampled to reflect the relative numbers and distribution of dairy herds within three geographic regions in the state. using the manufacturers suggested cut-off for a positive test, 89 animals (4.6%) were positive. the ... | 2003 | 12900163 |
| prevalence estimates for paratuberculosis adjusted for test variability using bayesian analysis. | the elisa tests that are available to detect an infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) have a limited validity expressed as the sensitivity (se) and specificity (sp). in many studies, the se and sp of the tests are treated as constants and this will result in an underestimation of the variability of the true prevalence (tp). bayesian inference provided a natural framework for using information on the test variability (i.e., the uncertainty) in the estimates of test se a ... | 2003 | 12941553 |
| the use of spiral plating and microscopic colony counting for the rapid quantitation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | to evaluate a spiral plating and microscopic colony counting technique to hasten the quantitation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | 2003 | 12680941 |
| application of different methods for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in a dairy cattle herd in argentina. | paratuberculosis (ptbc) has a high prevalence in argentina, that affects dairy and beef cattle. the culture is the gold standard to the diagnosis of the disease. mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis), the aetiological agent, is difficult to isolate and grow in culture. in this study, 24 randomly selected cows of the fresian breed from a dairy herd with a history of ptbc were used to evaluate the performance of different diagnostic techniques. these animals did not show ... | 2003 | 12710496 |
| molecular epidemiology of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: evidence for limited strain diversity, strain sharing, and identification of unique targets for diagnosis. | the objectives of this study were to understand the molecular diversity of animal and human strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolated in the united states and to identify m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific diagnostic molecular markers to aid in disease detection, prevention, and control. multiplex pcr of is900 integration loci (mpil) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analyses were used to fingerprint m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates recovered ... | 2003 | 12734243 |
| a map to the diagnosis of crohn's disease. | 2003 | 12769451 | |
| use of bioinformatics to predict a function for the gs element in mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is a member of the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) and causes the inflammatory bowel disease, johne's disease, in livestock. map has also been implicated as the causative agent of a similar disease, crohn's disease, in humans. one of three major genetic differences between map and non-pathogenic mac is the 6496-bp gs element. based on the output from freely available protein sequence and structural bioinformatics tools, and the close homology o ... | 2003 | 12673062 |
| phagosomal maturation and intracellular survival of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in j774 cells. | the mechanisms by which mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. a. ptb) survives within macrophages are not well characterized. one strategy for intracellular survival developed by mycobacterium tuberculosis is inhibition of phagosomal maturation. in this study it was hypothesized that m. a. ptb is capable of survival within macrophages by residing within a phagosomal compartment that does not mature into a functional phagolysosome. to test this hypothesis the following objectives we ... | 2003 | 12676127 |
| unanswered questions about the transmission of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | 2003 | 12672360 | |
| earthworms (oligochaeta, lumbricidae) and mycobacteria. | the objective of the study was to define the role of earthworms in the survival of mycobacteria in animal populations. in 13 sampling sites mycobacteria were detected in 53 (5.5%) samples of faeces and parenchymatous tissues from animals, in 25 (7.3%) environmental and in nine (8.2%) earthworm samples. in cattle and goat farms affected by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) of is900 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) type b-c1 was isolated from 37 (4.6% ... | 2003 | 12477646 |
| immunogenicity of a 16.7 kda mycobacterium paratuberculosis antigen. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis (mpt), the agent of paratuberculosis is a slow growing mycobacteria that causes important economic losses mainly due to lower weight gains and drastic decrease in milk production. existing paratuberculosis vaccines are not completely protective and induce antibodies/delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) reaction that cannot be differentiated from those of naturally infected animals. new potent acellular vaccines that allow discrimination between infected and vaccinat ... | 2003 | 12623276 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis as a cause of crohn's disease. | 2003 | 12477784 | |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis in dairy herds in alberta. | fifty dairy herds in alberta were tested for the presence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by fecal culture and serum enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). individual sera (1500) were tested for antibodies to m. paratuberculosis by elisa. fecal samples were combined in pools of 3 (10 pools/herd) for a total of 500 pools that were cultured for m. paratuberculosis. thirty cultures, including all 10 pools from 1 herd, were not readable due to fungal contamination. the remaining 470 cultures, ... | 2003 | 12677691 |
| activation of macrophages and interference with cd4+ t-cell stimulation by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and mycobacterium avium subspecies avium. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. ptb) and m. avium subspecies avium (m. avium) are closely related but exhibit significant differences in their interaction with the host immune system. the macrophage line, j774, was infected with m. ptb and m. avium and analysed for cytokine production and stimulatory capacity towards antigen-specific cd4+ t cells. under all conditions j774 cells were activated to produce proinflammatory cytokines. no influence on the expression of major histo ... | 2003 | 12519304 |
| longitudinal study to investigate variation in results of repeated elisa and culture of fecal samples for mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in commercial dairy herds. | to determine sources and amounts of variation in a kinetics elisa (kela) and results of culture of fecal samples for mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) in repeated tests of individual cows. | 2003 | 12693540 |
| mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (miru) differentiate mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from other species of the mycobacterium avium complex. | mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (miru) comprise short tandem repeat structures found at multiple loci throughout the mycobacterium tuberculosis genome and have been used for typing these pathogens. we have identified miru at 18 conserved loci throughout the common portions of the mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) and m. avium subspecies avium (maa) genomes. six of these loci were found to differ between maa and map in the number of tandem repeat motifs occurring a ... | 2003 | 12944117 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection causes suppression of rantes, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and tumor necrosis factor alpha expression in peripheral blood of experimentally infected cattle. | blood from cattle with subclinical mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection was stimulated with m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigens, and expression of interleukin-1beta (il-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha), rantes, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (mcp-1), and il-8 was measured. expression of tnf-alpha, rantes, and mcp-1 was lower in infected than in uninfected cattle. the reduced response may weaken protective immunity and perpetuate infection. | 2003 | 14638822 |
| immune responses after oral inoculation of weanling bison or beef calves with a bison or cattle isolate of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | paratuberculosis is endemic in domestic and wild ruminants worldwide. we designed the following study to compare host immune responses and pathologic changes in beef calves and bison calves after challenge with either a cattle or bison (bison bison) strain of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. in the first part of the study, six bison and six beef calves were orally inoculated with a cattle isolate of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis over a 2 wk period. in the second part, an additiona ... | 2003 | 14567215 |
| variation in resistance of mycobacterium paratuberculosis to acid environments as a function of culture medium. | acid resistance of mycobacterium paratuberculosis was examined as a function of growth conditions (i.e., in vitro growth medium and ph). m. paratuberculosis was cultured in either fatty acid-containing medium (7h9-oadc) or glycerol-containing medium (wr-gd or 7h9-gd) at two culture phs (phs 6.0 and 6.8). organisms produced in these six medium and ph conditions were then tested for resistance to acetate buffer at phs 3, 4, 5, and 6 at 20 degrees c. a radiometric culture method (bactec) was used t ... | 2003 | 14602647 |
| [mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis]. | 2003 | 14716909 | |
| evaluation of bacteriologic culture of individual and pooled fecal samples for detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds. | to determine the sensitivity of bacteriologic culture of pooled fecal samples in detecting mycobacterium paratuberculosis, compared with bacteriologic culture of individual fecal samples in dairy cattle herds. | 2003 | 14552493 |
| is900/eric-pcr as a tool to distinguish mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from closely related mycobacteria. | there is an increasing demand for fast and reliable methods to distinguish mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) from closely related mycobacteria and also a need for rapid strain specific typing of clinical isolates for epidemiological reasons. in the present study, the potential of rep-pcr as a fingerprinting method for m. paratuberculosis was assessed and compared to conventional rflp. a pcr assay was designed and optimised to obtain reproducible fingerprints of my ... | 2003 | 14559175 |
| characterization of genetic differences between mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis type i and type ii isolates. | a combination of representational difference analysis and comparative dna sequencing revealed that four type i (sheep) isolates of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis were differentiated from nine type ii (bovine) isolates by the presence of an 11-bp insertion in a novel m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific region of genomic dna. further, our studies show that m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis type i isolates contain three type-specific loci that are missing in m. avium subsp. paratu ... | 2003 | 14605167 |
| evaluation of an absorbed elisa and an agar-gel immuno-diffusion test for ovine paratuberculosis in sheep in australia. | the sensitivities and specificities of an absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and an agar-gel immuno-diffusion (agid) test for the detection of johne's disease in sheep were estimated using data from six known infected and 12 assumed uninfected sheep flocks. sensitivities were estimated for all histologically positive sheep, as well as by histological lesion score, lesion type (paucibacillary or multibacillary) and sheep body-condition score, with elisa sensitivities estimated at ... | 2003 | 14623409 |
| study of animal-borne infections in the mucosas of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and population-based controls. | crohn's disease may be triggered by an infection, and it is plausible to consider that such an infection may be animal borne and ingested with our food. there has been considerable interest in the past in determining whether mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. avium) might be the etiologic agent in crohn's disease since it causes a disease in cattle that is similar to crohn's disease in humans. we aimed to determine if there was an association between crohn's disease and infection wi ... | 2003 | 14605128 |
| b-cell epitopes in the immunodominant p34 antigen of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis recognized by antibodies from infected cattle. | mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) causes johne's disease, a chronic and fatal enteritis in ruminants. in the last stage of the disease, antibody titres rise and levels of interferon-gamma decrease, suggesting that the host-immune response is switching from a t helper 1 (th1) to a th2 profile. in infected cattle, the membrane protein p34 elicits the predominant humoral response against m. paratuberculosis. to map the b-cell epitopes of this antigen, affinity-purified ... | 2003 | 14629623 |
| herd management practices associated with paratuberculosis seroprevalence in dutch dairy herds. | we describe the paratuberculosis management practices applied in dairy herds in the netherlands. the findings from paratuberculosis seronegative and seropositive herds were compared to discover possible risk factors. in total, 370 randomly selected herds with > or =20 dairy cows were surveyed. a questionnaire was used to collect data on current and previous paratuberculosis management practices. all cattle aged > or =3 years were serologically tested for paratuberculosis using an enzyme-linked i ... | 2003 | 14633206 |
| specificity of two tests for the early diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis based on cell-mediated immunity: the johnin skin test and the gamma interferon assay. | paratuberculosis in cattle is a chronic debilitating infectious disease caused by mycobacterium paratuberculosis. control of paratuberculosis is based on tests that principally detect advanced stages of infections: faecal culture and serology. tests measuring cell-mediated immunity (cmi) could improve control of paratuberculosis if able to diagnose mycobacterial infections earlier, before animals become infectious. a drawback of cmi tests for paratuberculosis has been a reported low specificity. ... | 2003 | 14637040 |
| enhanced expression of interleukin-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 in ileal tissues of cattle infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is associated with high levels of morbidity, decreased production, and early culling in dairy cattle. clinical symptoms of johne's disease include persistent diarrhea, inappetence, and resultant weight loss due to chronic inflammation of the small intestine. although the presence or absence of intestinal lesions cannot be used as a definitive indicator of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection, most infected cattle exhibit significan ... | 2003 | 14573670 |
| evidence for a novel gene expression program in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected cattle. | a bovine-specific cdna microarray system was used to compare gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) from control uninfected (n = 4) and johne's disease-positive (n = 6) holstein cows. microarray experiments were designed so that for each animal, a direct comparison was made between pbmcs stimulated in vitro with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and pbmcs stimulated with phosphate-buffered saline (nil-stimulated pbmcs). as expected, m. avium subsp. parat ... | 2003 | 14573671 |
| comparison of histopathology, cultivation of tissues and rectal contents, and interferon-gamma and serum antibody responses for the diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis. | the diagnosis of infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was studied in 12 cattle from infected dairy herds and four from non-infected herds. a comparison was made of (1) histopathological examination and bacterial culture of tissues, (2) culture of serial samples of rectal contents, and (3) examination of repeated blood samples for interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and antibody responses. tissue samples were taken from the small and large intestine and corresponding mesenteric lym ... | 2003 | 14554124 |
| experimental infection of weaner sheep with s strain mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | we sought to determine whether infection of recently weaned 12-16-week-old merino lambs with an australian s strain m. a. paratuberculosis, at doses consistent with natural exposure, could be detected in the first few months post-inoculation. such detection would facilitate the use of weaner sheep as sentinel animals for the presence of infectious doses of m. a. paratuberculosis on pastures. in controlled pen trials, oral doses of approximately 10(7)-10(8) viable organisms were demonstrated to b ... | 2003 | 14559172 |
| iodixanol development of a laboratory-scale technique to monitor the persistence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cheddar cheese. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is a potential human pathogen known to be present in raw milk from infected dairy herds. current pasteurisation regimes do not totally inactivate map resulting in the possibility of viable cells being present in pasteurised milk used for cheddar cheese production. a laboratory-based method, ensuring strict safety precautions, was developed to manufacture 800-g cheddar blocks, experimentally contaminated (postpasteurisation) with two different str ... | 2003 | 14665738 |
| effects of supplemental energy on metabolic and immune measurements in periparturient dairy cows with johne's disease. | the present study was designed to evaluate whether feeding supplemental energy would improve the metabolic profile and alleviate some of the immunosuppression typically noted during the periparturient period in dairy cows with johne's disease. twelve dairy cows naturally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis were fitted with rumen cannulas in late gestation and assigned to treatment groups: control, n = 6; or stuffed, n = 6. cows in the control group were allowed to consume feed ad libitu ... | 2003 | 14672182 |
| the emergence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in farmed deer in new zealand - a review of 619 cases. | to review cases in which mycobacterium paratuberculosis was identified in farmed deer in new zealand. | 2003 | 16032301 |
| absence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis components from crohn's disease intestinal biopsy tissues. | crohn's disease is a chronic human intestinal inflammatory disorder for which an etiologic agent has not been identified. johne's disease is a similar chronic enteric granulomatous disease of ruminant species and has been used as a model of crohn's disease. johne's disease has been proven to be caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. avium ss paratuberculosis). it has been proposed that m. avium ss paratuberculosis may also cause crohn's disease. this is of particular conce ... | 2003 | 15931311 |
| specificity of absorbed elisa and agar gel immuno-diffusion tests for paratuberculosis in goats with observations about use of these tests in infected goats. | to determine the specificity of serological tests that are currently used in veterinary diagnostic laboratories in australia for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection in goats. | 2003 | 15084016 |
| elevated antibody responses in patients with crohn's disease against mpp14, a 14 kda secreted protein purified from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | 2003 | 15074652 | |
| factors affecting the herd level of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis--a case-control study. | 2003 | 15074650 |