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mycobacterium intracellulare pulmonary infection which co-existed and mimicked lung cancer.we report a case of mycobacterium intracellulare (m. intracellulare) pulmonary infection with co-existing lung cancer and presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule requiring differentiation from lung cancer. computed tomography showed two nodules (20 mm) with spicula formation and pleural indentation on the right lower lobe of the lung (right s6 and s8). transbronchial biopsies from the right s6 and s8 nodules revealed mycobacteriosis and adenocarcinoma, respectively. thereafter, a right lower l ...200818310983
comparison of methods for processing drinking water samples for the isolation of mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare.several protocols for isolation of mycobacteria from water exist, but there is no established standard method. this study compared methods of processing potable water samples for the isolation of mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare using spiked sterilized water and tap water decontaminated using 0.005% cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc). samples were concentrated by centrifugation or filtration and inoculated onto middlebrook 7h10 and 7h11 plates and lowenstein-jensen slants and int ...200818359837
[bursitis due to mycobacterium intracellulare in an immunocompetent patient].cutaneous infections due to mycobacterium intracellulare are infrequent. we report a case of bursitis in an immunocompetent patient.200818598800
[a case of primary sjögren's syndrome presenting with middle lobe syndrome complicated by nontuberculous mycobacteriosis].a 52-year-old woman was found to have abnormal shadows in her chest radiograph in a health examination. at the age of 47 middle lobe syndrome had been pointed out and mycobacterium intracellulare had been cultured from her sputum. chest computed tomography scans showed a coin lesion and bronchiectasis in the middle lobe. on the other hand she suffered xerostomia and had a high level of serum anti-ss-a antibody. further examination of her eyes and mouth gave her a diagnosis of primary sjögren's s ...200818260312
[a case of mycobacterium intracellulare pleurisy without active lung lesion].pleural effusion without occurrence of active pulmonary lesion due to nontuberculous mycobacteria is extremely rare. we report a case of mycobacterium intracellulare pleurisy in an 84-year-old woman. the patient was admitted to a nearby hospital because of dyspnea. massive right pleural effusion was observed on chest roentgenogram. bacteriological examinations, smear and culture of the sputum or pleural effusion were negative. first we thought pleurisy was caused by m. tuberculosis as pleural ef ...200818283912
structural analysis and biosynthesis gene cluster of an antigenic glycopeptidolipid from mycobacterium intracellulare.mycobacterium avium-mycobacterium intracellulare complex (mac) is the most common isolate of nontuberculous mycobacteria and causes pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases. mac species can be grouped into 31 serotypes by the epitopic oligosaccharide structure of the species-specific glycopeptidolipid (gpl) antigen. the gpl consists of a serotype-common fatty acyl peptide core with 3,4-di-o-methyl-rhamnose at the terminal alaninol and a 6-deoxy-talose at the allo-threonine and serotype-specific oli ...200818326570
evaluation of the genotype mycobacteria direct assay for the simultaneous detection of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and four atypical mycobacterial species in smear-positive respiratory specimens.a novel, commercially available reverse hybridization assay [genotype mycobacteria direct (gtmd), version 2.0; hain lifescience] was evaluated for the direct detection of five clinically relevant mycobacterial species [mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc), mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium malmoense, mycobacterium kansasii and mycobacterium intracellulare] from 54 smear-positive respiratory specimens and the findings were compared with culture results. three approaches were used for specim ...200818436594
detection of natural infection with mycobacterium intracellulare in healthy wild-caught chacma baboons (papio ursinus) by esat-6 and cfp-10 ifn-gamma elispot tests following a tuberculosis outbreak.both tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria can cause infection in nonhuman primates (nhp), indicating the existence of potential zoonotic transmission between these animals and visitors to zoos or animal handlers in primate facilities. screening of mycobacterial infections in nhp is traditionally done by tuberculin skin test (tst), which is unable to distinguish between pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacterial infections. in this study, we investigated the use of esat-6 and cfp-10 for ...200818254982
experimental infection of budgerigars (melopsittacus undulatus) with five mycobacterium species.the aim of the present study was to determine the susceptibility of budgerigars (melopsittacus undulatus) to infections with different mycobacterium species. for inoculations the following mycobacterium species were used: mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, mycobacterium bovis subsp. bovis, mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp. tuberculosis, mycobacterium intracellulare and m. fortuitum subsp. fortuitum. the bacterial suspension was administrated intramuscularly and all the birds were monitored for 70 ...200818202951
identification and characterization of two novel methyltransferase genes that determine the serotype 12-specific structure of glycopeptidolipids of mycobacterium intracellulare.the mycobacterium avium complex is distributed ubiquitously in the environment. it is an important cause of pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases in humans and animals. the species in this complex produce polar glycopeptidolipids (gpls); of particular interest is their serotype-specific antigenicity. several reports have described that gpl structure may play an important role in bacterial physiology and pathogenesis and in the host immune response. recently, we determined the complete structure ...200818024513
molecular epidemiology of mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and mycobacterium intracellulare in captive birds.mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and mycobacterium intracellulare are primary causes of mycobacteriosis in captive birds throughout the world, but little is known about how they are transmitted. to define the local epidemiology of infection, we strain-typed 70 m. avium subsp. avium and 15 m. intracellulare culture isolates obtained over a 4-year period from captive birds. typing was performed using randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) pcr, amplified fragment length polymorphic (aflp) fragme ...200817689893
[usefulness of the variable numbers of tandem repeats (vntr) analysis for complex infections of mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare].the bacilli which were isolated from a patient suspected of the mixed infections with mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare, were analyzed. the genotypes of m. avium in the sedimented fractions of treated sputum and in some colonies isolated from ogawa medium were compared by the variable numbers of tandem repeats (vntr).200818979997
rpob sequence-based identification of mycobacterium avium complex species.the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) comprises slowly growing mycobacteria responsible for opportunistic infections and zoonoses. the ability to speciate mac isolates in the clinical microbiology laboratory is critical for determining the organism implicated in clinical disease and for epidemiological investigation of the source of infection. investigation of a 711 bp variable fragment of rpob flanked by the myco-f/myco-r primers found a 0.7-5.1 % divergence among mac reference strains, with my ...200819047739
[a case of disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteriosis during purpura associated with hypergammaglobulinemia and hepatitis type c].a 74-year-old woman with hepatitis due to hepatitis c virus followed up using oral predonisolone (3 mg/day) for two years because of hypergammaglobulinemia-associated purpura reported fever and lumbago in february 2005. upon admission in june, she was found in chest-computed tomography to have atelectasia in the right middle lung lobe and a nodule with a cavity in the right lower lobe. she tested positive for tuberculous glycolipid antibody. gallium scintigraphy showed an abnormal accumulation i ...200819086421
assessing the effectiveness of low-pressure ultraviolet light for inactivating mycobacterium avium complex (mac) micro-organisms.to assess low-pressure ultraviolet light (lp-uv) inactivation kinetics of mycobacterium avium complex (mac) strains in a water matrix using collimated beam apparatus.200819146526
occurrence and clinical relevance of mycobacterium chimaera sp. nov., germany.retrospective molecular genetic analysis of 166 mycobacterium intracellulare isolates showed that 143 (86%) strains could be assigned to mycobacterium chimaera sp. nov. of 97 patients from whom m. chimaera sp. nov. was isolated, only 3.3% exhibited mycobacterial lung disease, whereas all m. intracellulare isolates caused severe pulmonary infections.200818760016
mycobacterium arosiense sp. nov., a slowly growing, scotochromogenic species causing osteomyelitis in an immunocompromised child.a yellow-pigmented, scotochromogenic, slowly growing mycobacterial strain, designated t1921(t), was isolated from the disseminated osteomyelitic lesions of a 7-year-old child with an underlying partial gamma interferon receptor alpha-1 deficiency. hybridization by the line probe assay indicated the presence of a mycobacterium species. sequencing of the 16s rrna gene, the internally transcribed spacer (its) region and the hsp65 and rpob genes revealed that strain t1921(t) could be differentiated ...200818842863
proposal to elevate mycobacterium avium complex its sequevar mac-q to mycobacterium vulneris sp. nov.the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) consists of four recognized species, mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium colombiense, mycobacterium intracellulare and mycobacterium chimaera, and a variety of other strains that may be members of undescribed taxa. we report on two isolates of a scotochromogenic, slowly growing, non-tuberculous mycobacterium species within the m. avium complex from a lymph node and an infected wound after a dogbite of separate patients in the netherlands. the extrapulmonary i ...200919620376
[solitary pulmonary nodule due to mycobacterium intracellulare showing intense uptake on 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography].a 71-year-old woman with no respiratory symptoms, was admitted because of a solitary pulmonary nodule on a chest radiograph. computed tomography revealed a 2.0 cm nodule with pleural indentation in the right s2. 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission (18f-fdg-pet) showed positive tumor uptake (maximum standardized uptake value = 4.8). bronchoscopy yielded no specific histological or bacterial findings. lung biopsy using video-associated thoracoscopy revealed an epithelial granuloma with caseat ...200919260535
an outbreak of avian mycobacteriosis caused by mycobacterium intracellulare in little blue penguins (eudyptula minor).mycobacterium intracellulare (mit) was diagnosed postmortem by culture and supporting histopathology in seven birds from a flock of little blue penguins (eudyptula minor) at the henry doorly zoo (hdz). these birds represented 20% of the deaths in the population over a 4 yr period. clinical signs in affected birds included severe respiratory distress characterized by open-mouth breathing with chronic debilitation. on exam, plaques were noted in the larynx, trachea, and soft tissue of the caudal o ...200920063814
structure-activity relationship studies of manzamine a: amidation of positions 6 and 8 of the beta-carboline moiety.twenty manzamine amides were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antimalarial and antimicrobial activities. the amides of manzamine a (1) showed significantly reduced cytotoxicity against vero cells, although were less active than 1. the structure-activity analysis showed that linear, short alkyl groups adjacent to the amide carbonyl at position 8 are favored for antimalarial activity, while bulky and cyclic groups at position 6 provided the most active amides. most of the amides showed poten ...200919833520
development of a simple and low-cost real-time pcr method for the identification of commonly encountered mycobacteria in a high throughput laboratory.to facilitate efficient identification of commonly encountered mycobacteria species (mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium intracellulare, mycobacterium fortuitum complex, mycobacterium chelonae/abscessus, mycobacterium kansasii, mycobacterium gordonae) in high throughput laboratories, a 16s rdna sequence based real-time pcr assay was developed and evaluated.200919426272
possession of the macrophage-induced gene by isolates of the mycobacterium avium complex is not associated with significant clinical disease.the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) is the most frequently isolated species among non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) clinical isolates. physicians pay attention to the differential diagnosis of the disease caused by mac from tuberculosis because of their similar clinical presentations. expression of the macrophage-induced gene (mig) is one of the virulence phenotypes in mac, but it has not been determined whether the presence of the mig gene itself has any relationship with clinical disease or ...200919141746
advantages and pitfalls of the polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of esophageal ulcers in aids patients.hiv-1-infected patients frequently have opportunistic esophageal infections which, when associated with severe immunodeficiency, can be attributed to unusual pathogens. the clinical presentation of several esophageal diseases is similar and the best method for a specific diagnosis of these patients has not been well defined. to evaluate the role of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in the etiologic definition of esophageal ulcers in hiv-1-infected patients, 96 esophageal biopsies from 79 hiv-1 ...200919051024
[pulmonary mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex disease that presented multiple nodular shadows rapidly].the patient was 81-year-old woman diagnosed with lung cancer who underwent upper right lobectomy in january 2002. computed tomography (ct) of the thorax showed a mass shadow presenting rapid-growing in the left s3 in august, 2008. the size of the mass shadow in the left s3 increased on day 16 after hospitalization, and a nodular shadow appeared in the left s(1+2). the bronchial washing specimen showed acid-fast bacilli identified as mycobacterium intracellulare by deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) -dn ...200919764498
direct detection of mycobacterial species in pulmonary specimens by two rapid amplification tests, the gen-probe amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test and the genotype mycobacteria direct test.nucleic acid amplification tests have improved tuberculosis diagnostics considerably. this study evaluates a new amplification test, the genotype mycobacteria direct (gtmd) test, for detection of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium intracellulare, mycobacterium kansasii, and mycobacterium malmoense directly in 61 sputum samples. thirty (49.2%) samples were auramine smear positive, and 31 (50.8%) were smear negative. the gtmd results were compared to the gen ...200919794042
indolizidine, antiinfective and antiparasitic compounds from prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa.a new potent antiinfective and antiparasitic 2,3-dihydro-1h-indolizinium chloride (1) was isolated from prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa. three additional new (2-4) and one known (5) indolizidines were also isolated, and the dihydrochloride salts of 1-3 (compounds 6, 7, and 8) were prepared. structures were determined by 1d and 2d nmr and mass spectra. compound 1 showed potent in vitro antifungal activity against cryptococcus neoformans and aspergillus fumigatus (ic(50) values = 0.4 and 3.0 m ...200919105653
bioactive (+)-manzamine a and (+)-8-hydroxymanzamine a tertiary bases and salts from acanthostrongylophora ingens and their preparations.the genus acanthostrongylophora is famous for producing a wide array of manzamine alkaloids as natural hydrochloride salts. an examination of a. ingens has now yielded two tertiary bases, (+)-8-hydroxymanzamine a (1) and (+)-manzamine a (2), by chromatography over alumina using chcl3-meoh-nh3.h2o as solvent. in addition, (+)-8-hydroxymanzamine a hydrochloride (3) and (+)-manzamine a hydrochloride (4) were isolated under the same conditions from the same source by silica gel chromatography. the s ...200919370920
pulmonary disease due to mycobacterium arosiense, an easily misidentified pathogenic novel mycobacterium.mycobacterium arosiense is a newly described species. after noticing it was misidentified as mycobacterium intracellulare by the commercial identification system genotype cm (hein, nehren, germany), we detected 4 such strains among 33 that were previously misidentified as m. intracellulare. three more strains were found among unidentified mycobacteria not tested previously with genotype. the first case of pulmonary disease due to m. arosiense is reported here, and the novel species, of which so ...200919386835
molecular characterisation of mycobacterium bovis isolates from cattle carcases at a city slaughterhouse in uganda.during a period of eight months, the carcases of 16,800 slaughter cattle were inspected at a city abattoir in uganda. eighty-seven of them had tuberculosis-like lesions and tissue samples were cultured. only 17 cultures yielded acid-fast bacilli; 11 of them were confirmed as mycobacterium bovis and six as non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm). genotype mycobacterium assays on the six ntm identified two as mycobacterium fortuitum and one as mycobacterium intracellulare, but three were unidentified. ...200919465755
isolation of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis reactive cd4 t cells from intestinal biopsies of crohn's disease patients.crohn's disease (cd) is a chronic granulomatous inflammation of the intestine. the etiology is unknown, but an excessive immune response to bacteria in genetically susceptible individuals is probably involved. the response is characterized by a strong th1/th17 response, but the relative importance of the various bacteria is not known.200919479064
rapid speciation of 15 clinically relevant mycobacteria with simultaneous detection of resistance to rifampin, isoniazid, and streptomycin in mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.to design and standardize an in-house reverse line blot hybridization (rlbh) assay for the accurate identification of 15 clinically relevant species of mycobacteria and for the detection of drug resistance to rifampin (rif), isoniazid (inh), and streptomycin (str) in mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtb).200918565777
familial clustering of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease.nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are environmental organisms associated with pulmonary disease without person-to-person transmission. although genetic causes of disseminated ntm infection are well characterized, genetic causes for most human susceptibility to pulmonary ntm infection have not been determined.201019858235
molecular typing of mycobacterium intracellulare using multilocus variable-number of tandem-repeat analysis: identification of loci and analysis of clinical isolates.in addition to its known status as a disseminated disease in hiv-positive patients, mycobacterium avium complex (mac) is increasingly recognized as a causative pathogen of respiratory disease in hiv-negative patients. mac is divided into mycobacterium avium, and the less-epidemiologically studied mycobacterium intracellulare. genetic typing for m. intracellulare using variable number of tandem repeats (vntr) has not yet been developed. the aim of this study was to identify vntr loci in the genom ...201019850613
cutaneous mycobacterium intracellulare infection in a bone marrow transplantation recipient. 201020175857
mycobacterial bacteraemia in patients infected and not infected with human immunodeficiency virus, taiwan.the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 71 patients with mycobacterial bacteraemia, infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) (n = 47) and not infected with hiv (n = 24) are described. mycobacterium avium complex (mac) (54.9%) constituted the most frequently isolated mycobacterium, followed by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) (38.0%), mycobacterium kansasii (4.2%), and mycobacterium abscessus (2.8%). the beijing family genotype was the most common type in mtb, and mycobacterium intra ...201019709128
commercial dna probes for mycobacteria incorrectly identify a number of less frequently encountered species.although commercially available dna probes for identification of mycobacteria have been investigated with large numbers of strains, nothing is known about the ability of these probes to identify less frequently encountered species. we analyzed, with inno lipa mycobacteria (innogenetics) and with genotype mycobacterium (hein), 317 strains, belonging to 136 species, 61 of which had never been assayed before. inno lipa misidentified 20 taxa, the majority of which cross-reacted with the probes speci ...201019906898
genotyping of mycobacterium avium complex organisms using multispacer sequence typing.mycobacterium avium complex (mac) currently comprises eight species of environmental and animal-associated, slowly-growing mycobacteria: mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium intracellulare, mycobacterium chimaera, mycobacterium colombiense, mycobacterium arosiense , mycobacterium bouchedurhonense, mycobacterium marseillense and mycobacterium timonense. in humans, mac organisms are responsible for opportunistic infections whose unique epidemiology remains poorly understood, in part due to the lack ...201019926652
inactivation of environmental mycobacteria by free chlorine and uv.the resistance of environmental mycobacteria (em) against chlorine and ultraviolet (uv) was evaluated for determination of the ct value and uv dose to inactivate em. chlorine disinfection experiments were done on mycobacterium fortuitum in oxidant demand-free buffered water at the worst condition (ph 8.5, 4 degrees c) and normal condition (ph 7.0, 20 degrees c). the ct value for 3log inactivation of m. fortuitum was 600 times greater than that of escherichia coli. uv experiments were performed f ...201019945731
hospital water filters as a source of mycobacterium avium complex.bronchoscopes and the filters used for washing them were found to yield high numbers of mycobacterium avium isolates sharing the same repetitive sequence-based pcr (rep-pcr) fingerprint pattern as m. avium isolates recovered from patient samples collected by bronchoscopy. water and biofilm samples collected from the bronchoscopy preparation laboratory yielded m. avium, mycobacterium intracellulare, mycobacterium malmoense and mycobacterium gordonae. several m. avium and m. intracellulare isolate ...201020595399
isolation of non-tuberculous mycobacteria at three rural settings in zambia; a pilot study.to assess the role of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) as a cause of tuberculosis-like diseases in zambia, 167 chronically ill patients, hospitalized in three rural hospitals in katete, sesheke and chilonga, were examined by microscopy and liquid culture for the presence of ntm. the percentages of patients with a positive culture for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were similar in the three geographical locations (19-25%). in contrast, the percentage of ntm ranged from 78% in katete and 65% ...201019832715
evaluation of the genotype mycobacteria direct assay for direct detection of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex obtained from sputum samples.an increase in the prevalence of tuberculosis (tb) in recent years has accelerated the search for novel tools for the rapid diagnosis of tb infection. this study evaluated the genotype mycobacteria direct (gtmd) assay (hain lifescience) for direct detection of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) from sputum samples and compared it with conventional methods. the gtmd test is a commercial assay produced using strip techniques and works based on a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification ...201020448064
evaluating the non-tuberculous mycobacteria effect in the tuberculosis infection diagnosis.the aim of the present study was to determine the role of previous non-tuberculous mycobacteria sensitisation in children as a factor of discordant results between tuberculin skin test (tst) and an in vitro t-cell based assay (t-spot.tb; oxford immunotec, oxford, uk). we enrolled 21 non-bacille calmette-guérin-vaccinated paediatric patients for suspicious of latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi). these patients yielded a positive tst and a negative t-spot.tb. cells were stimulated with mycobacter ...201020123845
pcr amplification and high-resolution melting curve analysis as a rapid diagnostic method for genotyping members of the mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex.some of the members of the mycobacterium avium–intracellulare (mai) complex are recognized as human pathogens in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. the current molecular methods that are available for genotyping the mai complex members can be both expensive and technically demanding. in this report, we describe for the first time the application of a real-time pcr and high-resolution melt approach to differentiate between the complex members by targeting a member of the pro- pr ...201020167007
a case of an infected abdominal aortic aneurysm caused by infectious spondylitis.an 82-year-old female was admitted with a diagnosis of infectious spondylitis.the culturing of vertebral body biopsy specimens yielded a non-tuberculous acid-fast bacterium (mycobacterium intracellulare). ct disclosed a saccular mass in the abdominal aorta in contact with the collapsed vertebral bodies (l2-3), and a diagnosis of infected abdominal aortic aneurysm was made. axillofemoral bypass, resection of the infected abdominal aortic aneurysm, vertebrectomy (l2-3) and reconstruction with a fi ...201020186681
properties of immunosuppressive macrophages generated by mycobacterium intracellulare infection in m. intracellulare-susceptible and resistant mice.splenic macrophages (m(phi)s) generated in mycobacterium intracellulare (min)-infected mice exhibit suppressor activity against t cell mitogenesis. we examined profiles of the min-induced generation of immunosuppressive m(phi)s (min-m(phi)s) in min-susceptible balb/c (bcg(s)) and resistant cba/jn (bcg(r)) mice. min infection in balb/c mice caused a more rapid generation of the immunosuppressive m(phi)s, which expressed m(phi) markers such as cd11b and f4/80, exhibited an increased ability to gen ...201020402419
[pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (mycobacterium intracellulare) with cavities developing in a non-small cell lung cancer patient during chemotherapy].a 70-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for examination of an abnormal shadow found on a chest radiograph. chest ct showed a nodular shadow in the left upper lobe s1+2. we diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) clinical stage t4n2m1. chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin and weekly paclitaxel was begun. after the second course of chemotherapy, another nodular shadow with small cavities in the left lower lobe s6 was seen, and which then increased in size. bronchial ...201020803980
control of mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium intracellulare infections with respect to distinct granuloma formations in livers of balb/c mice.mycobacterium fortuitum is a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that can cause a range of diseases in humans. complications from m. fortuitum infection have been associated with numerous surgical procedures. a protective immune response against pathogenic mycobacterial infections is dependent on the granuloma formation. within the granuloma, the macrophage effector response can inhibit bacterial replication and mediate the intracellular killing of bacteria. the granulomatous responses ...201020835610
changing epidemiology of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infections.nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) disease is a notifiable condition in queensland, australia. mycobacterial isolates that require species identification are forwarded to the queensland mycobacterial reference laboratory, providing a central opportunity to capture statewide data on the epidemiology of ntm disease. we compared isolates obtained in 1999 and 2005 and used data from the queensland notification scheme to report the clinical relevance of these isolates. the incidence of notified cases ...201020875283
pcr-linked reverse dna hybridization using oligonucleotide-specific probes of rpob for identification of mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare.a pcr-linked reverse dna hybridization method using two different specific rpob dna probes (avp and intp) of mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare, respectively, were evaluated for the differentiation and identification of m. avium and m. intracellulare culture isolates. among the 504 culture isolates tested by this method, 48 strains showed positive results for m. avium and 60 strains showed positive results for m. intracellulare. the other 396 culture isolates showed negative re ...201020920537
the impact of the 2007 ats/idsa diagnostic criteria for nontuberculous mycobacterial disease on the diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease.background: in 2007, the american thoracic society (ats) and infectious disease society of america (idsa) published new diagnostic guidelines for nontuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) disease. bacteriological criteria have become simpler compared to the 1997 ats diagnostic criteria. objective: for assessing the impact of the 2007 ats/idsa diagnostic criteria, we compared the diagnosis rate and time to diagnosis of ntm lung disease using the 1997 and 2007 ats guidelines. methods: sixty-four patients ...201020926850
yield, content, and composition of peppermint and spearmints as a function of harvesting time and drying.peppermint ( mentha × piperita l.) and spearmints ('scotch' spearmint, m. × gracilis sole, and 'native' spearmint, mentha spicata l.) are widely grown essential oil crops in more northern latitudes; however, there is limited information on how harvest time and drying influence peppermint and spearmint yield, oil composition, and bioactivity, when grown south of the 41st parallel. in this 2-year study, the effects of harvest time and drying on the yield, oil composition, and bioactivity of pepper ...201020942459
[unusual cause of abdominal lymphomas].a 72 year old hiv-negative patient without relevant immunosuppression presented with abdominal lymphomas and inflammatory signs in the colon. mycobacterium intracellulare was grown from colonic biopsies and stool. there was no sign of malignancy or chronic inflammatory bowel disease. we diagnosed an atypical, gastrointestinal mycobacteriosis und treated the patient accordingly. this led to a good response.201020945056
acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with meningitis due to mycobacterium intracellulare.a 73-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of persistent fever, headache and fatigue for several weeks. on admission, she was diagnosed as having meningitis due to mycobacterium intracellulare (m. intracellulare) detected in her cerebrospinal fluid (csf) by polymerase chain reaction. even though anti-tuberculous therapy improved her csf findings, her condition was not restored. brain mri showed multifocal and asymmetrical increases in t2 signals involving white matter and cortical ...201020930438
molecular characterization of mycobacterium intracellulare-related strains based on the sequence analysis of hsp65, internal transcribed spacer and 16s rrna genes.we investigated the molecular epidemiological features of 94 mycobacterium intracellulare-related strains, isolated from korean patients, using sequence analysis targeting 3 independent chronometer molecules, hsp65, the internal transcribed spacer 1 region and the 16s rrna gene. by collective consideration of these three gene-based approaches, the 94 strains were divided into 5 groups (int1, int2, int3, int4 and int5). the frequencies of genotype int1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in the 94 isolates were 57.4 ...201020522624
variable-number tandem-repeat markers for typing mycobacterium intracellulare strains isolated in humans.mycobacterium intracellulare, a species of the mycobacterium avium complex, may be the cause of severe lung, lymphatic node, skin and bone/joint infections, as well as bacteriemia. the goal of this work was to identify mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (miru-vntr) markers and to study their variability in a collection of isolates of m. intracellulare collected in humans. we studied 61 isolates collected in humans between 2001 and 2008, as well as the refere ...201020350295
surviving within the amoebal exocyst: the mycobacterium avium complex paradigm.most of environmental mycobacteria have been previously demonstrated to resist free-living amoeba with subsequent increased virulence and resistance to antibiotics and biocides. the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) comprises of environmental organisms that inhabit a wide variety of ecological niches and exhibit a significant degree of genetic variability. we herein studied the intra-ameobal location of all members of the mac as model organisms for environmental mycobacteria.201020359345
[avian mycobacteriosis in humans remains a threat in the czech republic].the members of mycobacterium avium complex belong to the most common agents causing mycobacterioses in humans. they are classified as a potentially patogenic mycobacteria, although mycobacterium avium subsp. avium represent veterinary and economic risks in birds (mainly poultry) as well as mammals (pigs etc.). infected animals and their products (mainly eggs) often come from small household production and pose a risk for human health. the second member of this complex, mycobacterium avium subsp. ...201020401832
pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by mycobacterium intracellulare in a tasmanian devil (sarcophilus harrisii).the health of captive tasmanian devils (sarcophilus harrisii) is currently of increased interest because wild populations are being decimated by the spread of devil facial tumour disease. this report describes the pathology of an aged captive tasmanian devil that had a pulmonary mycobacterial infection caused by mycobacterium intracellulare in addition to multiple neoplastic processes.201020579036
high plasma concentration of beta-d-glucan after administration of sizofiran for cervical cancer.a 69-year-old woman with a history of cervical cancer was admitted to our hospital for further investigation of abnormal shadows on her chest roentgenogram. histologic examination of transbronchial lung biopsy specimens revealed epithelioid cell granuloma, and mycobacterium intracellulare was detected in the bronchial lavage fluid. the plasma level of (1→3)-beta-d-glucan was very high, and this elevated level was attributed to administration of sizofiran for treatment of cervical cancer 18 years ...201021042427
[a case of spinal osteomyelitis due to mycobacterium intracellulare with pulmonary mycobacterium avium complex].a 76-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in october 2007 because of fever and anorexia. chest computed tomography demonstrated consolidation and reticular shadows in the right middle lobe and left lingula. pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis was diagnosed based on isolation of mycobacterium intracellulare from her sputum. her symptoms, which included fever, were improved by chemotherapy with clarithromycin and ethambutol, but the treatment was halted due to adverse effects. subseque ...201021066865
disseminated mycobacterium intracellulare infection. 201121697038
an unusual case of post-operative spondylitis caused by mycobacterium intracellulare in an immunosuppressed patient.there are few reported cases of post-operative spondylitis caused by mycobacterium intracellulare. a 75-year-old female presented to our hospital with low back pain and paraparesis after a fall. the radiologic examination revealed compression fractures of l1, l3 and l4 and an epidural hematoma compressing the spinal cord. the dark-red epidural hematoma was urgently evacuated. four weeks post-operatively, neurologic deficits recurred with fever. on magnetic resonance image, an epidural abscess an ...201122259695
[use of different pcr-based techniques integrated into a non-tuberculous identification algorithm].the aim of the present work was to demonstrate the utility of a non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) identification algorithm, which integrates different pcr-based techniques and basic phenotypic features. moreover, the algorithm for pattern restriction analysis of hsp65 (hsp65 pra) interpretation has been updated.201121924798
Structure and host recognition of serotype 13 glycopeptidolipid from Mycobacterium intracellulare.The Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare complex (MAIC) is divided into 28 serotypes by a species-specific glycopeptidolipid (GPL). Previously, we clarified the structures of serotype 7 GPL and two methyltransferase genes (orfA and orfB) in serotype 12 GPL. This study elucidated the chemical structure, biosynthesis gene, and host innate immune response of serotype 13 GPL. The oligosaccharide (OSE) structure of serotype 13 GPL was determined to be 4-2'-hydroxypropanoyl-amido-4,6-dideoxy-ß-hexose ...201121856857
[a case of mycobacterium intracellulare pulmonary infection with vertebral osteomyelitis].a 78-year-old woman seen in june 2005 for chest abnormal shadows after 3 months of steroid therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies was found in chest computed tomography (ct) revealed bronchiectasis and small nodules in the right middle lobe and left lingula. sputum cultures were positive for mycobacterium intracellulare. based on a diagnosis of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, the woman underwent antimycobacterial therapy with clarithromycin, ri ...201122117384
comprehensive multicenter evaluation of a new line probe assay kit for identification of mycobacterium species and detection of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis.we evaluated a new line probe assay (lipa) kit to identify mycobacterium species and to detect mutations in m. tuberculosis related to drug resistance. a total of 554 clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis (n = 316), mycobacterium avium (n = 71), mycobacterium intracellulare (n = 51), mycobacterium kansasii (n = 54), and other mycobacterium species (n = 62) were tested with the lipa in six hospitals. the lipa was also used to directly test 163 sputum specimens. the results of lipa ident ...201122205814
antiparasitic and antimicrobial indolizidines from the leaves of prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa*a new indolizidine alkaloid, named +ö(1,6)-juliprosopine ( 1), together with previously known indolizidine analogs ( 2- 6), was isolated from the leaves of prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa, collected from nevada, usa; while two other known indolizidines, juliprosopine ( 6) and juliprosine ( 7), were isolated from p. glandulosa leaves collected in texas, usa. the structures of compound 1 and 7 were determined using a combination of nmr and ms techniques. compound 7 exhibited potent antiplasmod ...201121384317
[case report; a case of mycobacterium intracellulare meningitis, documented by polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid]. 201121387649
[genetic research about mycobacterium avium complex].a variable-number tandem-repeat (vntr) typing method using the mycobacterium avium tandem repeat (matr) loci (matr-vntr) is employed in japan for epidemiological studies using clinical isolates of m. avium. in this study, the usefulness of this matr-vntr typing method was compared with that of the is1245-restriction fragment length polymorphism (is1245-rflp) typing method and a mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit (miru)-vntr typing method reported previously (boschiroli, c. hubbans, p. ov ...201121404652
clinical significance and antibiotic susceptibilities of nontuberculous mycobacteria from patients in crete, greece.to describe the clinical significance and antibiotic susceptibilities of nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) isolated from patients in crete, greece between january 2000 and december 2009.201121958147
is continuation of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy a safe option for patients who have developed pulmonary mycobacterial infection? : case presentation and literature review.continuation of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (tnfα) therapy generally has not been recommended for patients who have developed nontuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) diseases; in daily practice, however, we often encounter patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis (ra) who experience uncontrollable flares following withdrawal of anti-tnfα agents. here, we report a case of pulmonary ntm disease caused by mycobacterium intracellulare occurring in a patient with refractory ra undergoing etanercept ...201122170032
[a case of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis induced by tocilizumab treatment for rheumatoid arthritis].a 65-year-old woman whose rheumatoid arthritis was treated with tocilizumab (tcz) was found in chest radiography to have a new consolidation in the right lower lung field. positive mycobacterium intracellulare and mycobacterium avium cultures in sputum and bronchial secretions yielded a diagnosis of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis. the most common adverse tcz effect is infection. this case highlights the fact that those treated with tcz should be considered at elevated risk for developi ...201122117383
occurrence of mycobacterium spp. and other pathogens in lymph nodes of slaughtered swine and wild boars (sus scrofa).mycobacterium spp. and other pathogens were investigated in 258 swine lymph nodes (129 with and 129 without apparent lesions), and 120 lymph nodes (60 with and 60 without lesions) from wild boars (sus scrofa). a total of lymph nodes from swine and wild boars were collected of different animals. submaxillar and mesenteric lymph nodes were submitted to microbiological examination and colonies suggestive of mycobacterium spp. (alcohol-acid bacilli) were submitted to pcr restriction assay (pra). in ...201120621319
Automated quantitative drug susceptibility testing of non-tuberculous mycobacteria using MGIT 960/EpiCenter TB eXiST.Objectives To assess the predictive value of in vitro drug susceptibility testing (DST) in slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), knowledge on quantitative levels of drug susceptibility should be available. The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of the MGIT 960/TB eXiST system for quantitative DST of NTM. Methods We have assessed quantitative levels of drug susceptibility for clinical isolates of Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium kan ...201221965431
[a case of thymoma and mycobacterium intracellulare infection].a 69-year-old man, who underwent total thymectomy 5 years previously, was referred to our division because the chest radiograph revealed abnormal shadows in both the lungs. the chest radiograph and ct scan showed pleural thickening in both apexes and tree-in-bud signs in both the lower lobes, which suggested bronchiolitis. we had retrospectively confirmed similar centrilobular small nodules and tree-in-bud signs on the chest ct scan when the thymoma was diagnosed. mycobacterium intracellulare wa ...201223367828
are we overlooking infections owing to non-tuberculous mycobacteria during routine conventional laboratory investigations?a large number of potentially pathogenic non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) encountered in the clinical laboratory makes it necessary to identify their species to ensure appropriate treatment. however, labor-intensive conventional methods of speciation are not used in every laboratory, and hence ntm infections are often ignored. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) restriction analysis (pra) was applied in this study for early identification and speciation of mycobacterial species on 306 cultures of ...201226785625
disseminated mycobacterium intracellulare infection in an immunocompetent host.disseminated mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infection can occur in immunocompromised patients, and rarely in immunocompetent subjects. due to the extensive distribution of the disease, clinical presentation of disseminated mac may mimic malignancies, and thorough examinations are required in order to make accurate diagnosis. we report a case of disseminated mycobacterium intracellulare disease in an immunocompetent patient, which involved the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and multiple bones. f-1 ...201223101011
clinical significance of the differentiation between mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare in m avium complex lung disease.mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare are grouped together as the m avium complex; however, little is known about the clinical impact of this species differentiation. this study compared the clinical features and prognoses of patients with m avium and m intracellulare lung disease.201222628488
disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria: diagnostic procedures and treatment evaluation in the north of buenos aires province.non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) have emerged as pathogens frequently associated to hiv co-infection. the aims of this study were to describe the clinical importance of ntm in patients from the north of buenos aires province and the drug-susceptibility patterns in relation with the therapy used. a total of 23,624 clinical specimens were investigated during the period 2004-2010. ziehl-neelsen stain and cultures were used for diagnosis. molecular and biochemical tests were performed to identify ...201222610284
complete genome sequence of mycobacterium intracellulare strain atcc 13950(t).here we report the first complete genome sequence of mycobacterium intracellulare atcc 13950(t), a mycobacterium avium complex (mac) strain. this genome sequence will serve as a valuable reference for understanding the epidemiologic, biological, and pathogenic aspects of the disparity between mac members.201222535933
the polyketide synthase-associated multidrug tolerance in mycobacterium intracellulare clinical isolates.intrinsic multidrug resistance of the mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex presents a serious problem in the treatment of the diseases caused by these bacteria. recently, it was shown that deletion of a polyketide synthase, pks12, in an m. avium laboratory strain decreases this intrinsic resistance.201223171694
mycobacterium intracellulare infection in non-hiv infected patient in a region with a high burden of tuberculosis.data on non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) infection in non-hiv patients in tanzania are scarce. however, ntm infections are emerging in africa as in many parts of the world. healthcare providers and physicians working in high tuberculosis incidence regions should also consider ntm as one of the differential diagnosis. a 35-year-old tanzanian man presented with history of cough, fever, chest pain and night sweats for 4 weeks. the patient had a history of tuberculosis 4 years ago. on physical exa ...201222605838
complete genome sequence of mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain mott-02.here, we report the first complete genome sequence of the mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain mott-02, which was previously grouped in the int2 genotype of m. intracellulare. this genome sequence will serve as a valuable reference for improving the understanding of the disparity in the virulence and epidemiologic traits between m. intracellulare genotypes.201222535946
complete genome sequence of mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain mott-36y, belonging to the int5 genotype.here we report the complete genome sequence of the mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain mott-36y, previously grouped into the int5 genotype among the 5 genotypes of m. intracellulare. this genome sequence will serve as a valuable reference for understanding the disparity in virulence and epidemiologic traits between m. intracellulare-related strains.201222815454
complete genome sequence of mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain mott-64, belonging to the int1 genotype.here, we report the complete genome sequence of the mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain mott-64, previously grouped into the int1 genotype among five genotypes of m. intracellulare. this genome sequence will serve as a valuable reference for understanding the disparity in the virulence and epidemiologic traits among m. intracellulare genotypes.201222628501
mycobacterium intracellulare bacteraemia in a double lung transplant patient. 201223131276
whole-genome sequence of the hypervirulent clinical strain mycobacterium intracellulare m.i.198.we report herein the draft genome sequence of mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain m.i.198, which consistently exhibits hypervirulence in human patients, human macrophages in vitro, and immunocompetent mice.201223105072
[phagocytosis of mycobacterium leprae down-regulates anti-microbial activity of murine macrophages against mycobacterium intracellulare].patients with highly bacillated lepromatous leprosy (ll) essentially lack t cell-mediated immune responses specific to mycobacterium leprae (ml) antigens, resulting in severely impaired host resistance to leprosy bacilli. such type of immune unresponsiveness characteristic of ll patients is mainly attributable to markedly depressed t cell ability to activate/expand in response to ml antigens. in this study, we examined profiles of antimycobacterial activity of macrophages, which phagocytized lep ...201223012845
patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease have elevated transforming growth factor-beta following ex vivo stimulation of blood with live mycobacterium intracellulare.we previously found that a subset of patients with pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial (pntm) disease were taller, leaner, and had a higher prevalence of pectus excavatum and scoliosis than uninfected controls. additionally, whole blood of pntm patients stimulated ex vivo with live mycobacterium intracellulare produced significantly less interferon-gamma (ifnγ) compared to that of uninfected controls. since ifnγ production can be suppressed by transforming growth factor-beta (tgfβ), an immun ...201323808720
molecular evidence of lateral gene transfer in rpob gene of mycobacterium yongonense strains via multilocus sequence analysis.recently, a novel species, mycobacterium yongonense (dsm 45126(t)), was introduced and while it is phylogenetically related to mycobacterium intracellulare, it has a distinct rna polymerase β-subunit gene (rpob) sequence that is identical to that of mycobacterium parascrofulaceum, which is a distantly related scotochromogen, which suggests the acquisition of the rpob gene via a potential lateral gene transfer (lgt) event. the aims of this study are to prove the presence of the lgt event in the r ...201323382812
nontuberculous mycobacteria-associated spindle cell pseudotumor of the nasal cavity: a case report.mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumor (msp) is a rare mass-forming lesion caused by mycobacterial infection, mostly in immunocompromised patients. since it is composed of a proliferation of spindle-shaped fibrohistiocytic cells without forming epithelioid cell granulomas, histological distinction from other spindle cell lesions is often difficult and its pathophysiology is poorly understood. msp arising in the nasal cavity is extremely rare, and only two cases have been reported previously. her ...201323714254
[an investigation of misidentification of mycobacterium lentiflavum as mycobacterium intracellulare by the cobas taqman mai test]. 201323713333
genotyping of mycobacterium intracellulare isolates and clinical characteristics of lung disease.variable number of tandem repeats (vntr) loci were recently identified in japanese isolates of mycobacterium intracellulare. we hypothesised that some mycobacterial genotypes are more virulent than others, resulting in particular genotypes being associated with disease phenotype and progression.201323575334
cutaneous mycobacterium intracellulare infection in an immuno-competent person.mycobacterium intracellulare-caused pulmonary infections have mostly been reported in immunocompromised hosts, while cutaneous m. intracellulare infections are rare. we describe here an immunocompetent patient with cutaneous lesions due to m. intracellulare, which was diagnosed by acid-fast staining, in vitro culture, histopathology, and pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and gene sequencing of heat-shock protein (hsp) 65 and 16s rdna genes. in vitro susceptibility testing was ...201323532357
whole-genome sequence of mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain mott-h4y, belonging to int5 genotype.here, we report the draft genome sequence of the mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain mott-h4y, grouped previously into the int5 genotype of the 5 genotypes of m. intracellulare.201323472222
mycobacterium yongonense sp. nov., a slow-growing non-chromogenic species closely related to mycobacterium intracellulare.a slow-growing non-chromogenic mycobacterium was isolated from a patient with pulmonary disease. phenotypically, strain 05-1390(t) was similar to mycobacterium intracellulare atcc 13950(t). the 16s rrna gene sequence (1385 bp) of strain 05-1390(t) showed a high degree of similarity to those of the m. intracellulare complex, namely mycobacterium marseillense 5351974(t) (100 %), m. intracellulare atcc 13950(t) (99.8 %) and mycobacterium chimaera dsm 44623(t) (99.9 %). phylogenetic analysis based o ...201322427442
mycobacterium intracellulare infection in a capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris).this report describes the first case of mycobacterium intracellulare infection with typical granulomatous lesions of mycobacteriosis in a capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). the individual was a captive-bred young female, part of the control group of an experimental study on stress. multiple granulomatous lesions were detected in a mesenteric lymph node of this young female. mycobacterial infection was confirmed by bacteriologic culture and molecular identification methods. clinical lesions we ...201324450078
disseminated mycobacterium intracellulare infection in a broad-snouted caiman caiman latirostris.a 10 yr old broad-snouted caiman caiman latirostris from a small dutch animal park was presented with long-term variable periods of anorexia and weight loss. blood chemistry showed slightly elevated uric acid levels and low ionised calcium concentration. ultrasonographical thickening of the intestinal wall in the region of the duodenum was evident. pathological changes were a thickening of the wall of 90% of the small intestines, enlarged spleen with multifocal white foci and an enlarged light-b ...201324270027
mycobacterium intracellulare pulmonary disease with endobronchial caseation in a patient treated with methotrexate.methotrexate (mtx) has been established as a standard disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug. if adequate disease control is achieved for a reasonable period of time, tapering the mtx dosage is recommended because the chronic use of mtx can result in opportunistic infection. we present here a case of a woman with rheumatoid arthritis taking mtx, and the woman developed actively caseating endobronchial mycobacterium intracellulare disease with pulmonary infiltrations. after discontinuing the mtx, ...201323946756
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