Publications

reaction mechanism for the conversion of 5-monosubstituted hydantoins to enantiomerically pure l-amino acids.	the specific conversion of d,l-5-monosubstituted hydantoins to optically pure l-amino acids by resting cells of arthrobacter sp. dsm 7330 has been evaluated. a new nonstereoselective hydantoinase from arthrobacter sp. dsm 7330 was isolated and characterized. when whole cells were tested, the conversion of d,l-5-methylthioethylhydantoin (d,l-5-mteh) led to the optically pure intermediate d-carbamoylmethionine (d-cm) and to the optically pure amino acid l-methionine. after purification of the hyda ...	1995	7785836
structure of simusan, a new acidic exopolysaccharide from arthrobacter sp.	simusan, a major exopolysaccharide produced by an ethanol-utilizing arthrobacter sp. strain ce-17, contains d-glucose, d-mannose, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, d-glucuronic acid, and pyruvic acid in the ratios approximately 3:2:1:1:1:1 as well as o-acyl groups (presumably (presumably residues of acetic and palmitic acid). on the basis of chemical modifications of the polysaccharide, solvolysis with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride resulting in a penta- and an octa-saccharide fragment, smith degradation, a ...	1995	7697646
purification and characterization of 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain 4-cb1.	4-chlorobenzoyl coenzyme a dehalogenase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain 4-cb1 (previously known as acinetobacter sp. strain 4-cb1), a bacterium isolated from pcb-contaminated soil. purification was accomplished by four chromatographic steps, including a novel affinity chromatography step. 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase is a homotetramer of 33-kda subunits with an isoelectric point of 6.1. the enzyme is stable between ph 6.5 and 10. the optimum ph for kcat is ph 8. the ...	1994	7918379
kinetic characterization of tyramine oxidase of arthrobacter species.	amine oxidases (ec 1.4.3) represent a rather nebulous group of proteins with relative narrow substrate and inhibitor specificities. several different enzymes fall into these amine oxidase classes and the classification of some of them still remains ambiguous. kinetic and physico-chemical properties of tyramine oxidase of arthrobacter sp. were investigated to decide if this enzyme belongs to the flavin containing tyramine oxidase class (ec 1.4.3.9) or if it is more related to another amine oxidas ...	1994	8038724
roles of bacterial attachment and spontaneous partitioning in the biodegradation of naphthalene initially present in nonaqueous-phase liquids.	the mineralization by an arthrobacter sp. of naphthalene initially dissolved in di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate exhibited a slow phase followed by a rapid phase. triton x-100, which inhibited cell attachment, prevented the onset of the second phase. triton x-100 increased the extent of mineralization of naphthalene initially present in 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane. cells attached to the interface mineralized the aromatic hydrocarbon at a rate four times higher than the rate of partitioning in the a ...	1994	8074534
biodegradation of p-nitrophenol via 1,2,4-benzenetriol by an arthrobacter sp.	the degradation of p-nitrophenol (pnp) by moraxella and pseudomonas spp. involves an initial monooxygenase-catalyzed removal of the nitro group. the resultant hydroquinone is subject to ring fission catalyzed by a dioxygenase enzyme. we have isolated a strain of an arthrobacter sp., js443, capable of degrading pnp with stoichiometric release of nitrite. during induction of the enzymes required for growth on pnp, 1,2,4-benzenetriol was identified as an intermediate by gas chromatography-mass spec ...	1994	8085840
chemical structures of hetero-oligosaccharides produced by arthrobacter sp. k-1 beta-fructofuranosidase.	the structures of hetero-oligosaccharides obtained by the action of transglycosylation of arthrobacter sp. k-1 beta-fructofuranosidase, using sucrose as the fructosyl donor, and several mono- and di-sacchrides as the acceptors were investigated. the main transfer products to most reducing mono- and di-sacchrides were non-reducing oligosaccharides with a fructosyl residue linked to a hemiacetal hydroxyl group. in the presence of l-sorbose, the enzyme produced 2-o-beta-d-fructofuranosyl-alpha-l-so ...	1994	7764539
purification of inulin fructotransferase (dfa i-producing) from arthrobacter sp. mci2493 and production of dfa i from inulin by the enzyme.	an extracellular enzyme that produces di-d-fructofuranose-2',1;2,1' dianhydride from inulin was purified from the culture broth of arthrobacter sp. mci2493. the molecular weight of the enzyme was 40,000 by gel filtration and sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme had maximum activity at ph 6.0 and 50 degrees c. using this purified enzyme, 100 g/liter inulin was converted into 60 g/liter of dfa i, nystose, and 1-f-fructofuranosyl-nystose after incubation for 30 h.	1994	7764697
levoglucosan dehydrogenase involved in the assimilation of levoglucosan in arthrobacter sp. i-552.	a levoglucosan (1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranose)-using bacterium, isolated from soil, was identified. it was shown to belong to the genus arthrobacter and tentatively named arthrobacter sp. i-552. a novel enzyme catalyzed the dehydrogenation of levoglucosan to form 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-ribo-hexopyranos-3-ulose (3-keto levoglucosan), using nad+ as an electron acceptor, i.e. nad+: 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranose oxidoreductase (trivial name: levoglucosan dehydrogenase). this enzyme was purified an ...	1994	7765713
construction of a new host-vector system in arthrobacter sp. and cloning of the lipase gene.	arthrobacter sp. strain mis38 was transformed with a shuttle vector containing the kanamycin resistant gene kan (derived from tn5) by an electroporation method. this shuttle vector is from brevibacterium lactofermentum and escherichia coli, pulrs8. the following optimal condition of electroporation was determined. a square wave pulse of 1 kv/cm electric field strength for 0.5 ms duration yielded 3 x 10(5) transformants/micrograms plasmid dna. the number of transformants increased with the amount ...	1994	7765770
three different 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase genes in the gram-positive polychlorobiphenyl-degrading bacterium rhodococcus globerulus p6.	rhodococcus globerulus p6 (previously designated acinetobacter sp. strain p6, arthrobacter sp. strain m5, and corynebacterium sp. strain mb1) is able to degrade a wide range of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners. the genetic and biochemical analyses of the pcb catabolic pathway reported here have revealed the existence of a pcb gene cluster--bphbc1d--and two further bphc genes--bphc2 and bphc3--that encode three narrow-substrate-specificity enzymes (2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenases) that ...	1993	8335622
microbial degradation of chlorinated acetophenones.	a defined mixed culture, consisting of an arthrobacter sp. and a micrococcus sp. and able to grow with 4-chloroacetophenone as a sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated. 4-chlorophenyl acetate, 4-chlorophenol, and 4-chlorocatechol were identified as metabolites through comparison of retention times and uv spectra with those of standard substances. the proposed pathway was further confirmed by investigation of enzymes. the roles of the two collaborating strains were studied by growth exper ...	1993	8368855
expression and secretion of an arthrobacter dextranase in the oral bacterium streptococcus gordonii.	we have constructed a plasmid to express and secrete dextranase in the oral bacterium streptococcus gordonii. the dextranase gene from arthrobacter sp. strain cb-8 was linked to a promoter and a dna sequence encoding the signal peptide of streptococcus downei glucosyltransferase i (gtfi) followed by the escherichia coli rrnbt1t2 terminator and inserted in the shuttle vector pva838. s. gordonii transformed with this plasmid (pmnk-4) expressed and secreted mature arthrobacter dextranase. the trans ...	1993	8406828
a new lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by arthrobacter sp. strain mis38.	a biosurfactant termed arthrofactin produced by arthrobacter species strain mis38 was purified and chemically characterized as 3-hydroxydecanoyl-d-leucyl-d-asparagyl-d-threonyl-d- leucyl-d-leucyl-d-seryl-l-leucyl-d-seryl-l-isoleucyl-l-isoleucyl-l-as paragyl lactone. surface activity of arthrofactin was examined, with surfactin as a control. critical micelle concentration values of arthrofactin and surfactin were around 1.0 x 10(-5) m and 7.0 x 10(-5) m at 25 degrees c, respectively. arthrofactin ...	1993	8407822
cloning and characterization of a gene coding for the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase of arthrobacter sp. ma3.	the cata gene, coding for the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (c12o) of the bacterial strain arthrobacter sp. ma3, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. one plasmid containing a 6.1-kb ecori insert was selected by its ability to degrade catechol and to accumulate cis-cis-muconate. the dna insert of this plasmid was mapped with restriction enzymes. the cata gene was subcloned on a 1.3-kb psti-ecori fragment by deleting the adjacent restriction fragments. the nucleotide sequence of cata was deter ...	1993	8423008
characterization of the methylenediphosphonate transport system in arthrobacter sp. glp-1 using the novel tritium-labelled derivative.	the novel tritium-labelled derivative of methylenediphosphonate (mdp) was used in uptake studies of arthrobacter sp. glp-1 capable of utilizing a wide range of organophosphonates as its sole source of phosphorus. the mdp uptake was greatly stimulated upon phosphate deprivation. the uptake obeys michaelis-menten kinetics with respective km and vmax values of 33 microm and 0.3 nmol.min-1.mg-1 fr.wt. glyphosate and pyrophosphate were competitive inhibitors of mdp uptake. the effect of orthophosphat ...	1993	8428621
microbial production of d-malate from maleate.	to produce d-malate from maleate by a microbial reaction, we screened a number of maleate-utilizing microorganisms for enzyme activity by an intact cell system. the strain which showed the best productivity among the 440 strains tested was identified taxonomically as arthrobacter sp. strain mci2612. the optical purity of the malate produced by this strain was 100% d type. the culture and reaction conditions for the production were studied for this strain. addition of amino acids such as l-prolin ...	1993	8476285
degradation of a sodium acrylate oligomer by an arthrobacter sp.	arthrobacter sp. strain no-18 was first isolated from soil as a bacterium which could degrade the sodium acrylate oligomer and utilize it as the sole source of carbon. when 0.2% (wt/wt) oligomer was added to the culture medium, the acrylate oligomer was found to be degraded by 70 to 80% in 2 weeks, using gel permeation chromatography. to determine the maximum molecular weight for biodegradation, the degradation test was done with the hexamer, heptamer, and octamer, which were separated from the ...	1993	8517751
cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of the flavobacterium pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase gene in escherichia coli.	the pcpb gene of flavobacterium sp. strain atcc 39723 was cloned by using a degenerate primer designed from the n-terminal sequence of the purified enzyme. the nucleotide sequence of pcpb was determined and found to encode an open reading frame of 1,614 nucleotides, yielding a predicted translation product of 538 amino acids, in agreement with the estimated size of the purified protein analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the transcriptional start of pcpb was fo ...	1993	7678243
overproduction of riboflavin by an arthrobacter sp. mutant resistant to 5-fluorouracil.	antagonistic action between 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) and riboflavin (rf) was investigated. the growth of arthrobacter sp. was inhibited by 5-fu at 5 x 10(-5) m, and the inhibition was reversed by rf at 5 x 10(-5) m. 5-fu-resistant mutants of arthrobacter sp. were isolated and excreted rf in relatively high yields, but the wild-type strain excreted no rf. one of the mutants, strain no. 28-35, produced 223.2 micrograms ml-1 of rf in culture medium at 4 days.	1993	7764107
toxicity of homologous series of organic solvents for the gram-positive bacteria arthrobacter and nocardia sp. and the gram-negative bacteria acinetobacter and pseudomonas sp.	the toxicity of homologous series of organic solvents has been investigated for the gram-positive bacteria, arthrobacter sp. and nocardia sp., and the gram-negative bacteria, acinetobacter sp. and pseudomonas sp. the hydrophobicity of the solvent, expressed by its logp(octanol), proves to be a good measure for the toxicity of solvents in a two-phase system. the transition from toxic to nontoxic solvents occurs between logp(octanol) 3 and 5 and depends on the homologous series. no correlation has ...	1993	18613108
relationship between transport of bacteria and their clogging efficiency in sand columns.	in an earlier article, we reported that, under conditions in which neither exopolymers nor bacterial mats were produced, arthrobacter sp. strain ak19 was an effective plugging agent in sand columns, whereas the bacterial strain sli had no significant effect on the permeability of the medium. a laboratory experiment with sand columns was carried out to elucidate the causes of this difference in behavior. measured values of the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the sand were explained in terms o ...	1992	16348753
crystal structure analysis, refinement and enzymatic reaction mechanism of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp. at 2.0 a resolution.	n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp., a tetramer of polypeptides with 264 amino acid residues each, has been crystallized and its structure solved and refined at 2.0 a resolution, to a crystallographic r-factor of 18.6%. the crystals employed in the analysis contain one tetramer of 116,000 m(r) in the asymmetric unit. the structure determination proceeded by multiple isomorphous replacement, followed by solvent-flattening and density averaging about the local diads within th ...	1992	1381445
microbial degradation of propoxur in turfgrass soil.	this study was conducted to determine the degradation rates in turfgrass soil over a 12-month period after a single field application of propoxur and to isolate microorganisms from the soil capable of degrading the insecticide. soil samples were collected from a turfgrass experimental site near fort lauderdale, fl one week before the field application of propoxur, and over a 12-month period after the field application. mineralization rates in surface (0-15 cm depth) and subsurface (15-30 cm dept ...	1992	1401729
[biotransformation of zearalenone].	the conversion of zearalenone by some strains of microorganisms was investigated. when the selective strains of rhodotorula sp., arthrobacter sp., saccharomyces sp., and candida sp. were incubated by shaking or standing at 28 degrees c for 72 h with an alcoholic solution of zearalenone as the substrate at a concentration of 2-10 mg/ml ethanol (50-100 micrograms/ml medium), it was readily converted to give zearalenols, consisting either mainly of the alpha-isomer (e.g. 96% in case of rhodotorula ...	1992	1413733
isolation and characterization of a fluorene-degrading bacterium: identification of ring oxidation and ring fission products.	an arthrobacter sp. strain, f101, able to use fluorene as the sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from sludge from an oil refinery wastewater treatment plant. during growth in the presence of fluorene, four major metabolites were detected and isolated by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. 9-fluorenol, 9h-fluoren-9-one, and 3,4-dihydrocoumarin were identified by uv spectra, mass spectrometry, and 300-mhz proton nuclear magnetic resonance. the fourth m ...	1992	1444405
[plasmids for biodegradation of 2,6-dimethylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, and pyridine in strains of arthrobacter].	arthrobacter crysallopoietes strain km-4 degrading 2,6-dimethylpyridine and strain km-4a degrading both 2,6-dimethylpyridine and pyridine, arthrobacter sp. km-4b degrading 2,4-dimethylpyridine were isolated from soil. arthrobacter crystallopoietes km-4 and arthrobacter sp. km-4b contain 100 md plasmids pbs320 and pbs323. arthrobacter crystallopietes km-4a harbours a 100 md and 80 md plasmids. plasmid curing and conjugation transfer results confirm that these plasmids are involved in degradation ...	1992	1454076
mineralization of 2-chloro- and 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl by pseudomonas sp. strain ucr2.	pseudomonas sp. strain ucr2 was isolated from a multi-chemostat mating experiment between a chlorobenzoate-degrader, pseudomonas aeruginosa strain jb2, and a chlorobiphenyl-degrader, arthrobacter sp. strain b1barc. strain ucr2 differed from either of the parental organisms in that it grew on both 2-chloro- and 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl with concomitant release of chloride. phenotypic typing by the biolog system indicated that strain ucr2 shared greater similarity with strain jb2 (88%) than strain b1b ...	1992	1459405
cloning and sequence analysis of genes for dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate from arthrobacter sp. strain su.	strains of arthrobacter catalyze a hydrolytic dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) to p-hydroxybenzoate. the reaction requires atp and coenzyme a (coa), indicating activation of the substrate via a thioester, like that reported for pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 (j. d. scholten, k.-h. chang, p. c. babbit, h. charest, m. sylvestre, and d. dunaway-mariano, science 253:182-185, 1991). the dehalogenase genes of arthrobacter sp. strain su were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. analyses of ...	1992	1476446
bacteria that degrade p-chlorophenol isolated from a continuous culture system.	two gram-positive coryneform bacteria that degraded p-chlorophenol isolated from a continuous culture system are characterized. isolate b (probably and arthrobacter sp.) completely removed the p-chlorophenol from a medium with a concomitant increase in cell density within 16 h. isolate f similarly removed the p-chlorophenol within 28 h but without an increase in cell density. isolates b and f also removed the p-chlorophenol from a medium with p-chlorophenol as the sole carbon source within 32 an ...	1992	1581863
effect of bacterial extracellular polymers on the saturated hydraulic conductivity of sand columns.	columns were packed with clean quartz sand, sterilized, and inoculated with different strains of bacteria, which multiplied within the sand at the expense of a continuous supply of fresh nutrient medium. the saturated hydraulic conductivity (hcsat) of the sand was monitored over time. among the four bacterial strains tested, one formed a capsule, one produced slime layers, and two did not produce any detectable exopolymers. the last two strains were nonmucoid variants of the first two. only one ...	1992	1622240
substrate interactions of benzene, toluene, and para-xylene during microbial degradation by pure cultures and mixed culture aquifer slurries.	benzene, toluene, and p-xylene (btx) were degraded by indigenous mixed cultures in sandy aquifer material and by two pure cultures isolated from the same site. although btx compounds have a similar chemical structure, the fate of individual btx compounds differed when the compounds were fed to each pure culture and mixed culture aquifer slurries. the identification of substrate interactions aided the understanding of this behavior. beneficial substrate interactions included enhanced degradation ...	1991	1746958
3,4-dihydroxyxanthone dioxygenase from arthrobacter sp. strain gfb100.	bacterial extradiol ring-fission dioxygenases play a critical role in the transformation of multiring aromatic compounds to more readily biodegradable aromatic or aliphatic intermediates. arthrobacter sp. strain gfb100 utilizes an extradiol meta-fission dioxygenase, 3,4-dihydroxyxanthone dioxygenase (dhxd), in the catabolism of the three-ring oxygen heterocyclic compound xanthone. in this paper, we show that dhxd is a cytosolic enzyme, induced by growth on xanthone and maximally expressed during ...	1991	1768091
occurrence and ultrastructural characterization of bacteria in association with and isolated from azolla caroliniana.	the occurrence and ultrastructure of bacteria in leaf cavities of symbiotic azolla caroliniana were examined by transmission electron microscopy. bacteria were observed in all leaf cavities of azolla cultures. five ultrastructurally distinct types of bacteria were observed in each individual leaf cavity. features used to characterize the bacteria included morphology, cell wall structure, and cytoplasmic organization. at least one gram-positive and as many as four gram-negative types of bacteria ...	1991	1785935
purification and characterization of haloalcohol dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain ad2.	an enzyme capable of dehalogenating vicinal haloalcohols to their corresponding epoxides was purified from the 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol-utilizing bacterium arthrobacter sp. strain ad2. the inducible haloalcohol dehalogenase converted 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, 1-chloro-2-propanol, and their brominated analogs, 2-bromoethanol, as well as chloroacetone and 1,3-dichloroacetone. the enzyme possessed no activity for epichlorohydrin (3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane) or 2,3-dichloro-1 ...	1991	1846134
molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the arthrobacter dextranase gene and its expression in escherichia coli and streptococcus sanguis.	a bacterial strain, which assimilated dextran and water-insoluble glucan produced by streptococcus mutans, was isolated from soil. the bacterium produced and secreted potent dextranase activity, which was identified as arthrobacter sp. and named cb-8. the dextranase was purified and some enzymatic properties were characterized. the enzyme efficiently decomposed the water-insoluble glucan as well as dextran. a gene library from the bacteria was constructed with escherichia coli, using plasmid puc ...	1991	1859672
marine biosurfactants, i. screening for biosurfactants among crude oil degrading marine microorganisms from the north sea.	three bacterial strains of marine origin were isolated during a screening for biosurfactants among n-alkane degrading microorganisms. one strain-identified as alcaligenes sp. mm1-produced a novel glucose lipid. in the case of arthrobacter sp. ek 1 the well-known trehalose tetraester was found as major component. from another pure culture classified as arthrobacter sp. si 1, extracellular emulsifying agents with properties indicating high molecular weight substances were detected. furthermore tre ...	1991	1878106
marine biosurfactants, ii. production and characterization of an anionic trehalose tetraester from the marine bacterium arthrobacter sp. ek 1.	within a screening for biosurfactants we could isolate various n-alkanes utilizing marine bacteria which were capable of synthesizing glycolipids. one strain was identified as arthrobacter sp. ek 1 which produced trehalose lipids. after purification by column and thick layer chromatography the main fraction, an anionic 2,3,4,2'-trehalose tetraester, was obtained. the chain lengths of fatty acids ranged from 8 up to 14, furthermore succinate could be detected. since the place of substitution of s ...	1991	1878107
description of the erythromycin-producing bacterium arthrobacter sp. strain nrrl b-3381 as aeromicrobium erythreum gen. nov., sp. nov.	arthrobacter sp. strain nrrl b-3381t (t = type strain) is a nonmycelial, nonsporulating actinomycete that produces the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. this bacterium differs in many ways from the type species of the genus arthrobacter (arthrobacter globiformis), suggesting that a taxonomic revision is appropriate. the g + c content of strain nrrl b-3381t dna is 71 to 73 mol%, and the peptidoglycan of this organism contains ll-diaminopimelic acid. evolutionary distance data obtained from 16s r ...	1991	1883712
experimental apparatus for selection of adherent microorganisms under stringent growth conditions.	a bioreactor apparatus is described for studying bacterial attachment. a cyclic, on-off, flow regime was imposed within the apparatus. model calculations illustrate the utility of this flow pattern in the selection and maintenance of slow-growing, adherent organisms. the apparatus is believed to have general utility in testing bacterial attachment influenced by many types of experimental or environmental constraints, including variations in fluid dynamics, presence of toxic substances (metals or ...	1991	1892388
mannopine and mannopinic acid as substrates for arthrobacter sp. strain mba209 and pseudomonas putida na513.	the characteristics of mannopine and mannopinic acid utilization by agrobacterium tumefaciens b6s3, arthrobacter sp. strain mba209, and pseudomonas putida na513 were studied. strain b6s3 utilized the four mannityl opines, mannopine, mannopinic acid, agropine, and agropinic acid. it also utilized several mannityl opine analogs, which were modified in either the sugar or the amino acid moiety. it utilized mannopine more rapidly after preincubation on mannopine, mannopinic acid, or glutamine than a ...	1991	1902209
metabolism of carbamate insecticides by resting cells and cell-free preparations of a soil bacterium, arthrobacter sp.		1991	2032002
evidence for two distinct phosphonate-degrading enzymes (c-p lyases) in arthrobacter sp. glp-1.	arthrobacter sp. glp-1 can utilize a wide range of organophosphonates as its sole source of phosphorus. the in-situ formation of sarcosine and methane from glyphosate and methanephosphonic acid respectively was studied. these two processes are differentially induced during phosphorus-deprivation. methanephosphonic acid strongly inhibits glyphosate degradation (i50 10 microm), but glyphosate has very little effect on methane generation (i50 150 mm). the pattern of inhibition by other organophosph ...	1991	1368477
biodegradation by an arthrobacter species of hydrocarbons partitioned into an organic solvent.	an arthrobacter strain mineralized naphthalene and n-hexadecane dissolved in 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane. the extent of mineralization increased with greater volumes of solvent. measurements under aseptic conditions of the partitioning of naphthalene into the aqueous phase from the solid phase or from heptamethylnonane showed that the rates were rapid and did not limit mineralization. the rate of mineralization of hexadecane was rapid, although partitioning of the compound into aqueous solut ...	1991	16348485
adhesion of an amylolytic arthrobacter sp. to starch-containing plastic films.	cells of the amylolytic bacterium kb-1 (thought to be an arthrobacter sp.) adhered ( approximately 70%) to the surface of plastic films composed of starch-poly (methylacrylate) graft copolymer (starch-pma), but did not adhere (<10%) to films composed of polymethylacrylate (pma), polyethylene (pe), carboxymethyl cellulose, or a mixture of pe plus poly (ethylene-coacrylic acid) (eaa), starch plus pe, or starch plus pe and eaa. about 30% of the cells adhered to gelatinized insoluble starch. dithiot ...	1990	16348173
purification and some properties of beta-fructofuranosidase i from arthrobacter sp. k-1.	arthrobacter sp. k-1, isolated from soil, produces beta-fructofuranosidase. this enzyme preparation was separated into three fractions (i, ii, and iii) by butyl-toyopearl 650 m column chromatography. the beta-fructofuranosidase i was purified to homogeneity by disc-electrophoresis after consecutive column chromatographies. the enzyme had a molecular weight of 52,000 by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 51,000 by gel filtration with ultrogel aca 44, and an isoelectric point of 4.3. the e ...	1990	1368550
microbial metabolism of quinoline and related compounds. vi. degradation of quinaldine by arthrobacter sp.	quinaldine catabolism was investigated with the bacterial strain arthrobacter sp., which is able to grow aerobically in a mineral salt medium with quinaldine as sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy. the following degradation products of quinaldine were isolated from the culture fluid and identified: 1h-4-oxoquinaldine, n-acetylisatic acid, n-acetylanthranilic acid, anthranilic acid, 3-hydroxy-n-acetylanthranilic acid and catechol. 3-hydroxy-n-acetylanthranilic acid was not further metaboli ...	1990	2076195
chlorinated biphenyl mineralization by individual populations and consortia of freshwater bacteria.	comparative studies were performed to investigate the contribution of microbial consortia, individual microbial populations, and specific plasmids to chlorinated biphenyl biodegradation among microbial communities from a polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated freshwater environment. a bacterial consortium, designated lps10, was shown to mineralize 4-chlorobiphenyl (4cb) and dehalogenate 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl. the lps10 consortium involved three isolates: pseudomonas testosteroni (lps10a), which m ...	1990	2117875
an examination of proton translocation and energy conservation during heterotrophic nitrification.	whether selected heterotrophic nitrifiers, as do the autotrophs, conserve energy during the oxidation of their nitrogenous substrates was studied. the examination of proton translocation of four different bacterial nitrifiers capable of pyruvic oxime [(po), ch3-c(noh)-cooh] nitrification and by an nh4+ oxidizing arthrobacter sp. was initiated. three of the po nitrifying bacteria, all pseudomonads, oxidize hydroxylamine (nh2oh) at a greater rate than po and yielded only stoichiometric protons whe ...	1990	2157622
mechanism of enzymatic dehalogenation of pentachlorophenol by arthrobacter sp. strain atcc 33790.	pentachlorophenol (pcp) dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain atcc 33790 converts pcp to tetrachlorohydroquinone. in labeling experiments with h(2)18o or 18o2, only with h(2)18o was labeled product found. however, unlabeled tetrachlorohydroquinone became labeled after incubation with the enzyme in h(2)18o. therefore, distinction between an oxygenolytic or a hydrolytic dehalogenation mechanism for the pcp dehalogenase is not possible.	1990	2254286
utilization of acrylonitrile by bacteria isolated from petrochemical waste waters.	a bacterium, utilising acrylonitrile as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen, was isolated from indian petrochemical corporation limited (ipcl) waste waters and identified as arthrobacter sp. this strain could also utilize acetonitrile, acetamide and acrylamide individually as a source of carbon and nitrogen. the metabolic studies with the whole cells indicated the sequential conversion of the nitrile to the respective amide and then to the respective acid and ammonia. the rate of nitrile hydrol ...	1990	2279769
trimethyl lead degradation by free and immobilized cells of an arthrobacter sp. and by the wood decay fungus phaeolus schweinitzii.	the continuing production of leaded petrol generates liquid wastes containing recalcitrant trialkyl lead, for which no suitable chemical treatment has been formulated. this investigation explores the feasibility of using microorganisms to catalyse the rate-limiting step of trimethyl lead degradation to dialkyl lead; this disproportionates chemically to give, ultimately, pb2+ which is treatable by classical methods. an arthrobacter sp. and a wood decay macrofungus, phaeolus schweinitzii provide n ...	1990	1366364
nadh production from nad+ with a formate dehydrogenase system involving immobilized cells of a methylotrophic arthrobacter strain.	a convenient and economical method of nadh production from nad+ has been established using a formate dehydrogenase system involving immobilized cells of a methanol-utilizing bacterium. arthrobacter sp, km62. four kinds of cell entrapment were studied. an immobilized cell preparation showing a high nadh production activity was obtained by entrapment in a kappa-carrageenan gel lattice. the nadh-producing activity of the immobilized cells was investigated under various conditions. the nadh-producin ...	1990	1366576
cell growth and enzyme synthesis of a mutant of arthrobacter sp. (dsm 3747) used for the production of l-amino acids from d,l-5-monosubstituted hydantoins.	a microorganism with the ability to form l-tryptophan from d,l-5-(3-indolyl-methyl)hydantoin (d,l-5-imh) was isolated and identified as arthrobacter sp. (dsm 3747). after isolation of a mutant with high tryptophan production activity but low tryptophan degradation, cultural conditions were optimized to achieve high amounts of biomass with good specific activities concerning the enzymatic hydantoin-cleaving reactions. the ability of the microorganism to perform these bioconversions was found to b ...	1990	1366910
production of l-tryptophan from d,l-5-indolylmethylhydantoin by resting cells of a mutant of arthrobacter species (dsm 3747).	the reaction parameters and the stereospecificity of the enzymatic cleavage of d,l-5-indolylmethylhydantoin in producing l-tryptophan with resting cells of arthrobacter sp. dsm 3747 were studied. when intact cells were tested, the optimal ph was between 8.5 and 9.0 and the optimal temperature was 50 degrees c. both, l-n-carbamoylase and hydantoinase could be stabilized over 24 h at 30 and 40 degrees c by the addition of d,l-5-indolylmethylhydantoin. furthermore, the hydantoinase was stable over ...	1990	1366911
a new nad+-dependent opine dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c.	a new nad+-dependent opine dehydrogenase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c isolated from soil by an enrichment culture technique. the enzyme has a molecular weight of about 70,000 and consists of two identical subunits with molecular weights of about 36,000. the enzyme catalyzed a reversible oxidation-reduction reaction of opine-type secondary amine dicarboxylic acids. in the oxidative deamination reaction, the enzyme was active toward unusual opines, such as n-[1-r-(ca ...	1989	2753861
enzymatic dehalogenation of pentachlorophenol by extracts from arthrobacter sp. strain atcc 33790.	arthrobacter sp. strain atcc 33790 was grown with pentachlorophenol (pcp) as the sole source of carbon and energy. crude extracts, which were prepared by disruption of the bacteria with a french pressure cell, showed no dehalogenating activity with pcp as the substrate. after sucrose density ultracentrifugation of the crude extract at 145,000 x g, various layers were found in the gradient. one yellow layer showed enzymatic conversion of pcp. one chloride ion was released per molecule of pcp. the ...	1989	2793827
degradation of 4-chlorobenzoate by facultatively alkalophilic arthrobacter sp. strain sb8.	a facultative alkalophile capable of utilizing 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba), strain sb8, was isolated from soil with an alkaline medium (ph 10.0) containing the haloaromatic compound as the carbon source. the strain, identified as an arthrobacter sp., showed rather extensive 4-cba-degrading ability. 4-cba utilization by the strain was possible in the alkaline medium containing up to 10 g of the compound per liter. the 4-cba-dechlorinating activity of resting cells was almost completely uninhibited b ...	1989	16347854
oxidative pathway from squalene to geranylacetone in arthrobacter sp. strain y-11.	the reaction pathway from squalene to trans-geranylacetone in arthrobacter sp. strain y-11 was studied. the enzyme or enzymes catalyzing squalene degradation were found to be membrane bound. stoichiometric analysis of a cell-free system revealed that the ratio of squalene to trans-geranylacetone changed from 1:2 to 1:1 as the reaction proceeded, indicating two steps in geranylacetone formation. the initial step was found to be oxygenase catalyzed, from the absolute requirement for molecular oxyg ...	1988	16347551
degradation of the phosphonate herbicide glyphosate by arthrobacter atrocyaneus atcc 13752.	of nine authentic arthrobacter strains tested, only a. atrocyaneus atcc 13752 was capable of using the herbicide glyphosate [n-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] as its sole source of phosphorus. contrary to the previously isolated arthrobacter sp. strain glp-1, which degrades glyphosate via sarcosine, a. atrocyaneus metabolized glyphosate to aminomethylphosphonic acid. the carbon of aminomethylphosphonic acid was entirely converted to co(2). this is the first report on glyphosate degradation by a bacter ...	1988	16347639
mineralization of carbofuran by a soil bacterium.	a bacterium, tentatively identified as an arthrobacter sp., was isolated from flooded soil that was incubated at 35 degrees c and repeatedly treated with carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl n-methylcarbamate). this bacterium exhibited an exceptional capacity to completely mineralize the ring-labeled c in carbofuran to co(2) within 72 to 120 h in a mineral salts medium as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen under aerobic conditions. mineralization was more rapid at 35 degrees c t ...	1988	16347722
isolation and characterization of a mutant of arthrobacter sp. strain glp-1 which utilizes the herbicide glyphosate as its sole source of phosphorus and nitrogen.	arthrobacter sp. strain glp-1, grown on glucose as a carbon source, utilizes the herbicide glyphosate [n-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] as its sole source of phosphorus as well as its sole source of nitrogen. the mutant strain glp-1/nit-1 utilizes glyphosate as its sole source of nitrogen as well. in strain glp-1, p(i) was a potent competitive inhibitor of glyphosate uptake (k(i), 24 mum), while the affinity of p(i) for the uptake system of strain glp-1/nit-1 was reduced by 2 orders of magnitude (k(i ...	1988	16347784
asni: a novel class ii restriction endonuclease from arthrobacter sp., strain n-cm, recognizing 5'-at/taat-3'.	a new class ii restriction endonuclease, asni, with a novel sequence specificity was isolated from the gram-positive eubacterium arthrobacter species, strain n-cm. asni recognizes the unambiguously defined palindromic hexanucleotide (formula: see text) consisting of a- and t-residues. the novel enzyme in the presence of mg2+ cleaves specifically both strands as indicated by the arrows. the staggered cuts generate 5'-protruding ends with single-stranded 5'-ta-3' dinucleotide extensions. the novel ...	1988	2841156
a host-vector system for an arthrobacter species.	an efficient host-vector system has been developed for an industrial strain of arthrobacter sp. (nrrl b3728)used for glucose isomerase production. protoplasts of arthrobacter were generated by treating the cells with 0.5 mg lysozyme ml(-1) for 60 min in a solution containing 0.5 m-sucrose. around 30% of the protoplasts regenerated on agar containing 0.5 m-sodium succinate as osmotic stabilizer. three hybrid vectors, pbl2100, pcg1100 and pcg2100, were constructed by combining the escherichia coli ...	1988	2846755
cometabolism of polychlorinated biphenyls: enhanced transformation of aroclor 1254 by growing bacterial cells.	acinetobacter sp. strain p6 and a soil isolate, arthrobacter sp. strain b1b, were tested for their ability to transform aroclor 1254 as washed resting cells and as growing cells with biphenyl as the substrate. growing cells were far superior to resting-cell suspensions in terms of total polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) transformation, transformation of specific pcb congeners, and diversity of congeners that were attacked. growing cells of acinetobacter sp. strain p6 and arthrobacter sp. strain b1b ...	1988	3140725
three dehalogenases and physiological restraints in the biodegradation of haloalkanes by arthrobacter sp. strain ha1.	arthrobacter sp. strain ha1 utilizes 18 c2-to-c8 1-haloalkanes for growth and synthesizes an inducible 1-bromoalkane debrominase of unknown physiological function (r. scholtz, t. leisinger, f. suter, and a.m. cook, j. bacteriol. 169:5016-5021, 1987) in addition to an inducible 1-chlorohexane halidohydrolase which dehalogenates some 50 substrates, including alpha, omega-dihaloalkanes. alpha, omega-dihaloalkanes were utilized by cultures of strain ha1 under certain conditions only. c9 and c8 homol ...	1988	3223767
enzymatic dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate by extracts from arthrobacter sp. su dsm 20407.	in extracts from arthrobacter sp. su dsm 20407 an enzyme was detectable, that converted 4-chlorobenzoate into 4-hydroxybenzoate. this conversion was also observed when no oxygen was present in the reaction mixture. boiling for 5 min destroyed the enzyme activity. 4-bromo- and 4-iodobenzoate were substrates for the enzyme too, but not 4-fluorobenzoate, 4-chlorophenylacetate and 4-chlorocinnamic acid. the enzyme showed optimum activity at 16 degrees c and at ph 7-7.5. the specific activity in the ...	1988	3223988
induction of a light-inducible gene in arthrobacter sp. by exposure of cells to chelating agents and ph 5.	transcription of a light-inducible gene in the prokaryote arthrobacter sp. is induced in the dark when cells are incubated with chelating agents or in medium at ph 5. however, repletion of metal ions such as ca2+, mn2+ or zn2+ or an increase in ph is required for accumulation of the gene product, an mr 21,000 polypeptide. but such changes in condition restore repression of the gene, and the decay in the rate of synthesis of the polypeptide follows the same time-course as when photodynamically in ...	1988	3382667
isolation and characterization of an s-ethyl-n,n-dipropylthiocarbamate-degrading arthrobacter strain and evidence for plasmid-associated s-ethyl-n,n-dipropylthiocarbamate degradation.	arthrobacter sp. strain te1 isolated from s-ethyl-n,n-dipropylthiocarbamate (eptc)-exposed soil degraded this herbicide effectively and could grow on eptc as the sole carbon source. te1 harboured four plasmids of 65.5, 60, 50.5, and 2.5 megadaltons. spontaneous mutants unable to degrade eptc arose at a high frequency, and this was further increased by treatment of the culture with acridine orange or incubation at high temperature. all eptc degradation-deficient (e-) mutants lacked the 50.5-megad ...	1987	3606092
microbial desulfonation of substituted naphthalenesulfonic acids and benzenesulfonic acids.	sulfur-limited batch enrichment cultures containing one of nine multisubstituted naphthalenesulfonates and an inoculum from sewage yielded several taxa of bacteria which could quantitatively utilize 19 sulfonated aromatic compounds as the sole sulfur source for growth. growth yields were about 4 kg of protein per mol of sulfur. specific degradation rates were about 4 to 14 mu kat/kg of protein. a pseudomonas sp., an arthrobacter sp., and an unidentified bacterium were examined. each desulfonated ...	1987	3662502
characterization of 1-chlorohexane halidohydrolase, a dehalogenase of wide substrate range from an arthrobacter sp.	1-chlorohexane halidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp. strain ha1 was purified to homogeneity by fractional precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and high-performance liquid chromatography gel filtration. the enzyme was a monomer with a molecular weight of about 37,000; its amino acid composition and n-terminal sequence were determined. the enzyme had a broad optimum around ph 9.5, a temperature optimum near 50 degrees c, an activation energy of 40 kj/mol, and a molecular act ...	1987	3667524
activation of the human complement cascade by bacterial cell walls, peptidoglycans, water-soluble peptidoglycan components, and synthetic muramylpeptides--studies on active components and structural requirements.	cell walls isolated from 29 strains of 24 gram-positive bacterial species, whose peptidoglycans belong to the group a type of schleifer and kandler's classification, with one exception (arthrobacter sp.), were shown to activate the complement cascade in pooled fresh human serum mainly through the alternative pathway and partly through the classical one. the complement-activating effect of cell walls (5 species) possessing group b type peptidoglycan, except those of corynebacterium insidiosum, wa ...	1987	3670125
structural characteristics of the corynebacterium lilium bacteriophage cl31.	bacteriophage cl31 was isolated on a corynebacterium lilium strain. out of 30 strains tested, only cl31 was able to form plaques on corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13287, brevibacterium lactofermentum atcc 21086, and arthrobacter sp. strain si55, but at a very low frequency. this phage belongs to group b of bradley's classification (d. e. bradley, bacteriol. rev. 31:230-314; 1967). its head is 53 nm in diameter, and its tail is 396 nm in length. the phage capsid contains three major proteins, of ...	1987	3033280
metabolism of glyphosate in an arthrobacter sp. glp-1.	the metabolism of glyphosate [n-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] in a bacterium tentatively identified as an arthrobacter sp., capable of growth on this herbicide as its sole phosphorus source, has been investigated using solid-state nmr techniques as well as radiotracer analysis. the pathway involves the conversion of glyphosate to glycine, a c1 unit and phosphate. the phosphonomethyl carbon is specifically incorporated into the amino acids serine, cysteine, methionine, and histidine, as well as into ...	1987	2439330
transformation of arthrobacter and studies on the transcription of the arthrobacter erma gene in streptomyces lividans and escherichia coli.	we report the development of a plasmid-mediated transformation system for arthrobacter sp. nrrlb3381, using the streptomyces cloning vector pij702. our procedure gives a transformation frequency of 10(3)/micrograms of plasmid dna. in addition we have explored the expression of the arthrobacter erma gene in streptomyces lividans and escherichia coli, and shown that the erma promoter is recognized in s. lividans not e. coli. the relationship between arthrobacter, streptomyces and e. coli promoters ...	1987	2443127
uptake of glyphosate by an arthrobacter sp.	the uptake of glyphosate (n-[phosphonomethyl]glycine) by an arthrobacter sp. which can utilize this herbicide as its sole source of phosphorus was investigated. orthophosphate suppressed the expression of the uptake system for glyphosate and also competed with glyphosate for uptake. the k(m) for glyphosate uptake was 125 mum, and the k(i) for orthophosphate was 24 mum. organophosphonates as well as organophosphates inhibited glyphosate uptake, but only organophosphates and orthophosphate suppres ...	1987	16347356
purification and characterization of benzonitrilases from arthrobacter sp. strain j-1.	we found two kinds of benzonitrilases, designated benzonitrilases a and b, in a cell extract of arthrobacter sp. strain j-1 grown on benzonitrile as a sole carbon and nitrogen source. benzonitrilases a and b were purified approximately 409-fold and 38-fold, respectively. purified benzonitrilase a appeared to be homogeneous according to the criteria of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. both the enzymes hydrolyzed benzonitrile to benzoic acid and ammonia without forming benzamide as an intermedi ...	1986	16346987
cloning and expression in escherichia coli of the gene for an arthrobacter beta-(1----3)-glucanase.	when inserted in the correct orientation at the bamhi site of plasmid yrp7, an 8.6-kilobase bamhi fragment of arthrobacter sp. strain ycwd3 dna gave escherichia coli hb101 cells harboring the recombinant plasmid pbx20 the ability to lyse bakers' yeast cell walls or bakers' yeast glucan in agar medium. an extract of the transformed e. coli cells contained an endo-beta-(1----3)-glucanase with the same activity pattern as that of glucanase i produced by arthrobacter sp. strain ycwd3. although part ...	1986	3096974
initial reactions of xanthone biodegradation by an arthrobacter sp.	this study examined the catabolism of xanthone by an arthrobacter sp. (strain gfb100) capable of growth on xanthone as its main source of carbon and energy. an early catabolic intermediate was 3,4-dihydroxyxanthone. this compound was isolated from the growth medium of a mutant strain of the arthrobacter sp. which lacked the xanthone-inducible dihydroxyxanthone ring-fission dioxygenase of the wild-type strain. cell extracts from wild-type xanthone-grown cells oxidized 3,4-dihydroxyxanthone to a y ...	1986	3745120
enzymes of vitamin b6 degradation. purification and properties of 5-pyridoxic-acid oxygenase from arthrobacter sp.	5-pyridoxic-acid oxygenase, a cytoplasmic enzyme formed when arthrobacter cr-7 is grown with pyridoxine as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen, was purified about 190-fold to homogeneity from fully induced cells. the enzyme catalyzes reaction a, (formula: see text) the essential ring-opening step in the degradation of pyridoxine, and provides a second example of an fad-dependent oxygenase that adds both two hydrogen and two oxygen atoms to its substrate. 5-pyridoxic-acid oxygenase has an isoele ...	1986	3771566
an erythromycin-resistance gene from an erythromycin-producing strain of arthrobacter sp.	a gene (erma) coding for a presumed erythromycin-resistance (err) determinant from an er-producing arthrobacter sp. strain (nrrlb3381) was isolated from a gene bank in phage vector lambda 2001 by probing with a streptomyces err gene. strongly hybridizing fragments were subcloned and the appropriate segments sequenced. the erma gene is 76 mol% g + c in content and specifies a protein of 340 aa with an mr of 37454. s1 nuclease mapping and primer extension identified the putative promoter, which re ...	1985	4043733
production and characterization of a polymer from arthrobacter sp.	an arthrobacter sp. isolated from a glucose-sucrose agar plate was found to produce a neutral, extremely viscous, opalescent extracellular polymer. growth, polymer production, and rheological properties and chemical composition of the isolated polymer were examined. the polymer was found to be substantially different from other arthrobacter polymers. some unusual properties included irreversible loss of viscosity with high temperature and degradation of the polymer during fermentation and upon s ...	1985	16346883
formation and identification of interfacial-active glycolipids from resting microbial cells.	resting cells of arthrobacter sp. strain dsm2567 incubated in the presence of various mono-, di-, or trisaccharides biosynthesized different glycolipids. all eight glycolipids, containing the corresponding carbohydrate moiety and one, two, or three alpha-branched beta-hydroxy fatty acids, were produced when mannose, glucose, cellobiose, maltose, and maltotriose were used as carbon sources in a simple phosphate buffer. the structures of the compounds were elucidated by means of h and c nuclear ma ...	1984	16346628
degradation of 4-chlorobenzoic acid by arthrobacter sp.	a mixed population, enriched and established in a defined medium, from a sewage sludge inoculum was capable of complete mineralization of 4-chlorobenzoate. an organism, identified as arthrobacter sp., was isolated from the consortium and shown to be capable of utilizing 4-chlorobenzoate as the sole carbon and energy source in pure culture. this organism (strain tm-1), dehalogenated 4-chlorobenzoate as the initial step in the degradative pathway. the product, 4-hydroxybenzoate, was further metabo ...	1984	16346660
interaction between bacterial metabolites and some pesticides. ii. change of phytotoxicity of the herbicide roneet by the phenolic metabolites of arthrobacter sp.	the bacteria from arthrobacter genus isolated from sugar beet rhizosphere were found to produce gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, syryngic, vanillic, veratric acids, p-quinone and two unidentified phenolic compounds. the mixture of the bacterial phenolic compounds increased the phytotoxicity of roneet, inhibiting the germination of wheat. model experiments showed that the phenolic acids used with the herbicide roneet increased its phytotoxicity and p-hydroxybenzoic acid was found to be t ...	1984	6209927
immunochemical properties of mannan-protein complex isolated from viable cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae 4484-24d-1 mutant strain by the action of zymolyase.	viable cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae 4484-24d-1 mutant strain were treated with an arthrobacter sp. beta-1,3-glucanase, zymolyase-60,000, in the presence of a serine protease inhibitor, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. fractionation of the solubilized materials with cetavlon (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) yielded a purified mannan-protein complex, which had a molecular weight of ca. 150,000, approximately three times higher than that of the mannan isolated from the same cells by the hot-wate ...	1984	6398395
the origin of the oxygen incorporated during the dehalogenation/hydroxylation of 4-chlorobenzoate by an arthrobacter sp.	an arthrobacter sp. has been shown to dehalogenate 4-chlorobenzoate yielding 4-hydroxybenzoate. experiments with 18o indicate that, in the presence of cell-free extracts, the hydroxyl group which is substituted onto the aromatic nucleus during dehalogenation is derived from water and not from molecular oxygen. dehalogenation therefore is not catalysed by a mixed-function oxidase; instead a novel aromatic hydroxylase is implicated in the reaction.	1984	6497895
similarities in the induction of synthesis of a cell-surface polypeptide in arthrobacter sp. by near-uv irradiation and photodynamic conditions.		1983	6856688
purification and properties of a nad-linked 1,2-propanediol dehydrogenase from propane-grown pseudomonas fluorescens nrrl b-1244.	nad-dependent 1,2-propanediol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.4) activity was detected in cell-free crude extracts of various propane-grown bacteria. the enzyme activity was much lower in 1-propanol-grown cells than in propane-grown cells of pseudomonas fluorescens nrrl b-1244, indicating that the enzyme may be inducible by metabolites of propane subterminal oxidation. 1,2-propanediol dehydrogenase was purified from propane-grown ps. fluorescens nrrl b-1244. the purified enzyme fraction shows a single-p ...	1983	6407398
isolation of mannan-protein complexes from viable cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae x2180-1a wild type and saccharomyces cerevisiae x2180-1 a-5 mutant strains by the action of zymolyase-60,000.	the viable whole cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae x2180-1a wild type and its mannan mutant strain s. cerevisiae x2180-1a-5, were treated with an arthrobacter sp. beta-1,3-glucanase in the presence of a serine protease inhibitor, phenyl-methylsulfonyl fluoride. fractionation of the solubilized materials of each strain with cetavlon (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) yielded one mannan-protein complex. molecular weights of these complexes were almost the same as that of the mannoprotein of the muta ...	1983	6355061
the sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex from an arthrobacter species: characterization of the linkage between the two components.	further structural features of the sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex, which is produced by an arthrobacter sp. and contains phosphorus as its minor component, were investigated. phosphoric acid esters such as d-glucose 6-phosphate, glycerol 1-phosphate and muramic acid phosphate were isolated from the acid hydrolysate of the complex. on mild acid treatment, the complex became positive for both the morgan-elson reaction and acid phosphatase digestion. the mild acid hydrolysate readily ...	1983	6137481
isolation of a bacterium capable of degrading peanut hull lignin.	thirty-seven bacterial strains capable of degrading peanut hull lignin were isolated by using four types of lignin preparations and hot-water-extracted peanut hulls. one of the isolates, tentatively identified as arthrobacter sp., was capable of utilizing all four lignin preparations as well as extracted peanut hulls as a sole source of carbon. the bacterium was also capable of degrading specifically labeled [c]lignin-labeled lignocellulose and [c]cellulose-labeled lignocellulose from the cordgr ...	1983	16346424
involvement of plasmids in total degradation of chlorinated biphenyls.	acinetobacter sp. strain p6 has previously been reported to utilize biphenyl (bp) and chlorinated bps, with accumulation of corresponding chlorobenzoic acids. arthrobacter sp. strain m5 was isolated as a contaminant in the culture of acinetobacter sp. strain p6 growing on 4-chlorobiphenyl and showed properties similar to p6 in the degradation of chlorinated bps. both strains harbored an identical plasmid of 53.7 megadaltons. these strains spontaneously lost the ability to utilize bp and 4-chloro ...	1982	6814360
a sulfated polysaccharide produced by an arthrobacter species.	a new sulfated polysaccharide was isolated from the culture supernatant of a strain of arthrobacter sp. the polysaccharide purified with quaternary ammonium salts consists of d-galactose, d-glucose, sulfate, phosphorus, glucosamine, muramic acid, alanine, glutamic acid, glycine, and ll-diaminopimelic acid in a molar ratio of 56 : 9.0 : 68 : 6.4 : 2.0 : 1.1 : 2.1 : 1.0 : 1.2 : 1.2. the presence of the two amino sugars and four amino acids suggests that the polysaccharide, which is principally a g ...	1982	6298190
production of glutamic acid by an arthrobacter sp. i. identification and nutritional requirement in relation to glutamic acid production.		1982	6188337
metabolism of cyclohexaneacetic acid and cyclohexanebutyric acid by arthrobacter sp. strain ca1.	a strain of arthrobacter was isolated by enrichment culture with cyclohexaneacetate as the sole source of carbon and grew with a doubling time of 4.2 h. in addition to growing with cyclohexaneacetate, the organism also grew with cyclohexanebutyrate at concentrations not above 0.05%, and with a variety of alicyclic ketones and alcohols. oxidation of cyclohexaneacetate proceeded through formation of the coenzyme a (coa) ester followed by initiation of a beta-oxidation cycle. beta-oxidation was blo ...	1982	7076617
influence of methylheptenone and related phytoplankton norcarotenoids on heterotrophic aquatic bacteria.	certain norcarotenoids, which have recently been found as excretion products of freshwater cyanobacteria and algae, are potent inhibitors of different metabolic functions in heterotrophic bacteria. 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one showed the strongest effects and acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor of both glucose uptake and respiration by aquatic isolates of chromobacterium lividum and arthrobacter sp. inhibition of the heterotrophic potential of glucose uptake by 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one was characteriz ...	1981	7214229
inhibition of fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans, the causal agent of pine pitch canker, by the soil bacterium arthrobacter sp.	a species of arthrobacter was recovered during culture of the causal organism of pitch canker of southern pines. fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans (fms). arthrobacter is a relatively common soil bacterium and is lytic to several fungal pathogens in the soil. soil samples from two seed orchards with pitch canker and one from a healthy pine plantation all yielded arthrobacter. these isolates were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of fms isolates from pitch canker tissue and fr ...	1981	7214230
the effect of phytohormones produced by arthrobacter sp. on the phosphatase activity in plant roots.	phytohormonal activity (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins) was tested in the supernatant of a culture of arthrobacter sp. crude extract of the phytohormonal fraction was used as substrate for the growth of lactuca sativa seedlings. treating with bacterial hormones resulted in an increased plant develop- ment. furthermore, a sharp increase of the acid phosphatase activity was observed in the roots.	1981	7262713
effect of microorganisms on the phytotoxicity of herbicides. vi. modification of venzar activity by bacterial cultures.	interactions between two bacterial strains and venzar were compared. it was found that the mechanism of interactions is various and causes the modification of herbicide phytotoxicity. metabolites of bacillus subtilis 72 interfered with herbicide by affecting physiological processes in plant tissues and enhancing its inhibitory influence. arthrobacter sp. 18 strain decreased the phytoinhibitory effect of herbicide due to conjugation with the carrier from venzar.	1981	6168180