Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| marine biosurfactants, ii. production and characterization of an anionic trehalose tetraester from the marine bacterium arthrobacter sp. ek 1. | within a screening for biosurfactants we could isolate various n-alkanes utilizing marine bacteria which were capable of synthesizing glycolipids. one strain was identified as arthrobacter sp. ek 1 which produced trehalose lipids. after purification by column and thick layer chromatography the main fraction, an anionic 2,3,4,2'-trehalose tetraester, was obtained. the chain lengths of fatty acids ranged from 8 up to 14, furthermore succinate could be detected. since the place of substitution of s ... | 1991 | 1878107 |
| description of the erythromycin-producing bacterium arthrobacter sp. strain nrrl b-3381 as aeromicrobium erythreum gen. nov., sp. nov. | arthrobacter sp. strain nrrl b-3381t (t = type strain) is a nonmycelial, nonsporulating actinomycete that produces the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. this bacterium differs in many ways from the type species of the genus arthrobacter (arthrobacter globiformis), suggesting that a taxonomic revision is appropriate. the g + c content of strain nrrl b-3381t dna is 71 to 73 mol%, and the peptidoglycan of this organism contains ll-diaminopimelic acid. evolutionary distance data obtained from 16s r ... | 1991 | 1883712 |
| experimental apparatus for selection of adherent microorganisms under stringent growth conditions. | a bioreactor apparatus is described for studying bacterial attachment. a cyclic, on-off, flow regime was imposed within the apparatus. model calculations illustrate the utility of this flow pattern in the selection and maintenance of slow-growing, adherent organisms. the apparatus is believed to have general utility in testing bacterial attachment influenced by many types of experimental or environmental constraints, including variations in fluid dynamics, presence of toxic substances (metals or ... | 1991 | 1892388 |
| mannopine and mannopinic acid as substrates for arthrobacter sp. strain mba209 and pseudomonas putida na513. | the characteristics of mannopine and mannopinic acid utilization by agrobacterium tumefaciens b6s3, arthrobacter sp. strain mba209, and pseudomonas putida na513 were studied. strain b6s3 utilized the four mannityl opines, mannopine, mannopinic acid, agropine, and agropinic acid. it also utilized several mannityl opine analogs, which were modified in either the sugar or the amino acid moiety. it utilized mannopine more rapidly after preincubation on mannopine, mannopinic acid, or glutamine than a ... | 1991 | 1902209 |
| metabolism of carbamate insecticides by resting cells and cell-free preparations of a soil bacterium, arthrobacter sp. | 1991 | 2032002 | |
| evidence for two distinct phosphonate-degrading enzymes (c-p lyases) in arthrobacter sp. glp-1. | arthrobacter sp. glp-1 can utilize a wide range of organophosphonates as its sole source of phosphorus. the in-situ formation of sarcosine and methane from glyphosate and methanephosphonic acid respectively was studied. these two processes are differentially induced during phosphorus-deprivation. methanephosphonic acid strongly inhibits glyphosate degradation (i50 10 microm), but glyphosate has very little effect on methane generation (i50 150 mm). the pattern of inhibition by other organophosph ... | 1991 | 1368477 |
| crystal structure analysis, refinement and enzymatic reaction mechanism of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp. at 2.0 a resolution. | n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp., a tetramer of polypeptides with 264 amino acid residues each, has been crystallized and its structure solved and refined at 2.0 a resolution, to a crystallographic r-factor of 18.6%. the crystals employed in the analysis contain one tetramer of 116,000 m(r) in the asymmetric unit. the structure determination proceeded by multiple isomorphous replacement, followed by solvent-flattening and density averaging about the local diads within th ... | 1992 | 1381445 |
| microbial degradation of propoxur in turfgrass soil. | this study was conducted to determine the degradation rates in turfgrass soil over a 12-month period after a single field application of propoxur and to isolate microorganisms from the soil capable of degrading the insecticide. soil samples were collected from a turfgrass experimental site near fort lauderdale, fl one week before the field application of propoxur, and over a 12-month period after the field application. mineralization rates in surface (0-15 cm depth) and subsurface (15-30 cm dept ... | 1992 | 1401729 |
| [biotransformation of zearalenone]. | the conversion of zearalenone by some strains of microorganisms was investigated. when the selective strains of rhodotorula sp., arthrobacter sp., saccharomyces sp., and candida sp. were incubated by shaking or standing at 28 degrees c for 72 h with an alcoholic solution of zearalenone as the substrate at a concentration of 2-10 mg/ml ethanol (50-100 micrograms/ml medium), it was readily converted to give zearalenols, consisting either mainly of the alpha-isomer (e.g. 96% in case of rhodotorula ... | 1992 | 1413733 |
| isolation and characterization of a fluorene-degrading bacterium: identification of ring oxidation and ring fission products. | an arthrobacter sp. strain, f101, able to use fluorene as the sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from sludge from an oil refinery wastewater treatment plant. during growth in the presence of fluorene, four major metabolites were detected and isolated by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. 9-fluorenol, 9h-fluoren-9-one, and 3,4-dihydrocoumarin were identified by uv spectra, mass spectrometry, and 300-mhz proton nuclear magnetic resonance. the fourth m ... | 1992 | 1444405 |
| [plasmids for biodegradation of 2,6-dimethylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, and pyridine in strains of arthrobacter]. | arthrobacter crysallopoietes strain km-4 degrading 2,6-dimethylpyridine and strain km-4a degrading both 2,6-dimethylpyridine and pyridine, arthrobacter sp. km-4b degrading 2,4-dimethylpyridine were isolated from soil. arthrobacter crystallopoietes km-4 and arthrobacter sp. km-4b contain 100 md plasmids pbs320 and pbs323. arthrobacter crystallopietes km-4a harbours a 100 md and 80 md plasmids. plasmid curing and conjugation transfer results confirm that these plasmids are involved in degradation ... | 1992 | 1454076 |
| mineralization of 2-chloro- and 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl by pseudomonas sp. strain ucr2. | pseudomonas sp. strain ucr2 was isolated from a multi-chemostat mating experiment between a chlorobenzoate-degrader, pseudomonas aeruginosa strain jb2, and a chlorobiphenyl-degrader, arthrobacter sp. strain b1barc. strain ucr2 differed from either of the parental organisms in that it grew on both 2-chloro- and 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl with concomitant release of chloride. phenotypic typing by the biolog system indicated that strain ucr2 shared greater similarity with strain jb2 (88%) than strain b1b ... | 1992 | 1459405 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of genes for dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate from arthrobacter sp. strain su. | strains of arthrobacter catalyze a hydrolytic dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) to p-hydroxybenzoate. the reaction requires atp and coenzyme a (coa), indicating activation of the substrate via a thioester, like that reported for pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 (j. d. scholten, k.-h. chang, p. c. babbit, h. charest, m. sylvestre, and d. dunaway-mariano, science 253:182-185, 1991). the dehalogenase genes of arthrobacter sp. strain su were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. analyses of ... | 1992 | 1476446 |
| bacteria that degrade p-chlorophenol isolated from a continuous culture system. | two gram-positive coryneform bacteria that degraded p-chlorophenol isolated from a continuous culture system are characterized. isolate b (probably and arthrobacter sp.) completely removed the p-chlorophenol from a medium with a concomitant increase in cell density within 16 h. isolate f similarly removed the p-chlorophenol within 28 h but without an increase in cell density. isolates b and f also removed the p-chlorophenol from a medium with p-chlorophenol as the sole carbon source within 32 an ... | 1992 | 1581863 |
| effect of bacterial extracellular polymers on the saturated hydraulic conductivity of sand columns. | columns were packed with clean quartz sand, sterilized, and inoculated with different strains of bacteria, which multiplied within the sand at the expense of a continuous supply of fresh nutrient medium. the saturated hydraulic conductivity (hcsat) of the sand was monitored over time. among the four bacterial strains tested, one formed a capsule, one produced slime layers, and two did not produce any detectable exopolymers. the last two strains were nonmucoid variants of the first two. only one ... | 1992 | 1622240 |
| relationship between transport of bacteria and their clogging efficiency in sand columns. | in an earlier article, we reported that, under conditions in which neither exopolymers nor bacterial mats were produced, arthrobacter sp. strain ak19 was an effective plugging agent in sand columns, whereas the bacterial strain sli had no significant effect on the permeability of the medium. a laboratory experiment with sand columns was carried out to elucidate the causes of this difference in behavior. measured values of the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the sand were explained in terms o ... | 1992 | 16348753 |
| cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of the flavobacterium pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase gene in escherichia coli. | the pcpb gene of flavobacterium sp. strain atcc 39723 was cloned by using a degenerate primer designed from the n-terminal sequence of the purified enzyme. the nucleotide sequence of pcpb was determined and found to encode an open reading frame of 1,614 nucleotides, yielding a predicted translation product of 538 amino acids, in agreement with the estimated size of the purified protein analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the transcriptional start of pcpb was fo ... | 1993 | 7678243 |
| overproduction of riboflavin by an arthrobacter sp. mutant resistant to 5-fluorouracil. | antagonistic action between 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) and riboflavin (rf) was investigated. the growth of arthrobacter sp. was inhibited by 5-fu at 5 x 10(-5) m, and the inhibition was reversed by rf at 5 x 10(-5) m. 5-fu-resistant mutants of arthrobacter sp. were isolated and excreted rf in relatively high yields, but the wild-type strain excreted no rf. one of the mutants, strain no. 28-35, produced 223.2 micrograms ml-1 of rf in culture medium at 4 days. | 1993 | 7764107 |
| three different 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase genes in the gram-positive polychlorobiphenyl-degrading bacterium rhodococcus globerulus p6. | rhodococcus globerulus p6 (previously designated acinetobacter sp. strain p6, arthrobacter sp. strain m5, and corynebacterium sp. strain mb1) is able to degrade a wide range of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners. the genetic and biochemical analyses of the pcb catabolic pathway reported here have revealed the existence of a pcb gene cluster--bphbc1d--and two further bphc genes--bphc2 and bphc3--that encode three narrow-substrate-specificity enzymes (2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenases) that ... | 1993 | 8335622 |
| microbial degradation of chlorinated acetophenones. | a defined mixed culture, consisting of an arthrobacter sp. and a micrococcus sp. and able to grow with 4-chloroacetophenone as a sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated. 4-chlorophenyl acetate, 4-chlorophenol, and 4-chlorocatechol were identified as metabolites through comparison of retention times and uv spectra with those of standard substances. the proposed pathway was further confirmed by investigation of enzymes. the roles of the two collaborating strains were studied by growth exper ... | 1993 | 8368855 |
| expression and secretion of an arthrobacter dextranase in the oral bacterium streptococcus gordonii. | we have constructed a plasmid to express and secrete dextranase in the oral bacterium streptococcus gordonii. the dextranase gene from arthrobacter sp. strain cb-8 was linked to a promoter and a dna sequence encoding the signal peptide of streptococcus downei glucosyltransferase i (gtfi) followed by the escherichia coli rrnbt1t2 terminator and inserted in the shuttle vector pva838. s. gordonii transformed with this plasmid (pmnk-4) expressed and secreted mature arthrobacter dextranase. the trans ... | 1993 | 8406828 |
| a new lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by arthrobacter sp. strain mis38. | a biosurfactant termed arthrofactin produced by arthrobacter species strain mis38 was purified and chemically characterized as 3-hydroxydecanoyl-d-leucyl-d-asparagyl-d-threonyl-d- leucyl-d-leucyl-d-seryl-l-leucyl-d-seryl-l-isoleucyl-l-isoleucyl-l-as paragyl lactone. surface activity of arthrofactin was examined, with surfactin as a control. critical micelle concentration values of arthrofactin and surfactin were around 1.0 x 10(-5) m and 7.0 x 10(-5) m at 25 degrees c, respectively. arthrofactin ... | 1993 | 8407822 |
| cloning and characterization of a gene coding for the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase of arthrobacter sp. ma3. | the cata gene, coding for the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (c12o) of the bacterial strain arthrobacter sp. ma3, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. one plasmid containing a 6.1-kb ecori insert was selected by its ability to degrade catechol and to accumulate cis-cis-muconate. the dna insert of this plasmid was mapped with restriction enzymes. the cata gene was subcloned on a 1.3-kb psti-ecori fragment by deleting the adjacent restriction fragments. the nucleotide sequence of cata was deter ... | 1993 | 8423008 |
| characterization of the methylenediphosphonate transport system in arthrobacter sp. glp-1 using the novel tritium-labelled derivative. | the novel tritium-labelled derivative of methylenediphosphonate (mdp) was used in uptake studies of arthrobacter sp. glp-1 capable of utilizing a wide range of organophosphonates as its sole source of phosphorus. the mdp uptake was greatly stimulated upon phosphate deprivation. the uptake obeys michaelis-menten kinetics with respective km and vmax values of 33 microm and 0.3 nmol.min-1.mg-1 fr.wt. glyphosate and pyrophosphate were competitive inhibitors of mdp uptake. the effect of orthophosphat ... | 1993 | 8428621 |
| microbial production of d-malate from maleate. | to produce d-malate from maleate by a microbial reaction, we screened a number of maleate-utilizing microorganisms for enzyme activity by an intact cell system. the strain which showed the best productivity among the 440 strains tested was identified taxonomically as arthrobacter sp. strain mci2612. the optical purity of the malate produced by this strain was 100% d type. the culture and reaction conditions for the production were studied for this strain. addition of amino acids such as l-prolin ... | 1993 | 8476285 |
| degradation of a sodium acrylate oligomer by an arthrobacter sp. | arthrobacter sp. strain no-18 was first isolated from soil as a bacterium which could degrade the sodium acrylate oligomer and utilize it as the sole source of carbon. when 0.2% (wt/wt) oligomer was added to the culture medium, the acrylate oligomer was found to be degraded by 70 to 80% in 2 weeks, using gel permeation chromatography. to determine the maximum molecular weight for biodegradation, the degradation test was done with the hexamer, heptamer, and octamer, which were separated from the ... | 1993 | 8517751 |
| toxicity of homologous series of organic solvents for the gram-positive bacteria arthrobacter and nocardia sp. and the gram-negative bacteria acinetobacter and pseudomonas sp. | the toxicity of homologous series of organic solvents has been investigated for the gram-positive bacteria, arthrobacter sp. and nocardia sp., and the gram-negative bacteria, acinetobacter sp. and pseudomonas sp. the hydrophobicity of the solvent, expressed by its logp(octanol), proves to be a good measure for the toxicity of solvents in a two-phase system. the transition from toxic to nontoxic solvents occurs between logp(octanol) 3 and 5 and depends on the homologous series. no correlation has ... | 1993 | 18613108 |
| chemical structures of hetero-oligosaccharides produced by arthrobacter sp. k-1 beta-fructofuranosidase. | the structures of hetero-oligosaccharides obtained by the action of transglycosylation of arthrobacter sp. k-1 beta-fructofuranosidase, using sucrose as the fructosyl donor, and several mono- and di-sacchrides as the acceptors were investigated. the main transfer products to most reducing mono- and di-sacchrides were non-reducing oligosaccharides with a fructosyl residue linked to a hemiacetal hydroxyl group. in the presence of l-sorbose, the enzyme produced 2-o-beta-d-fructofuranosyl-alpha-l-so ... | 1994 | 7764539 |
| purification of inulin fructotransferase (dfa i-producing) from arthrobacter sp. mci2493 and production of dfa i from inulin by the enzyme. | an extracellular enzyme that produces di-d-fructofuranose-2',1;2,1' dianhydride from inulin was purified from the culture broth of arthrobacter sp. mci2493. the molecular weight of the enzyme was 40,000 by gel filtration and sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme had maximum activity at ph 6.0 and 50 degrees c. using this purified enzyme, 100 g/liter inulin was converted into 60 g/liter of dfa i, nystose, and 1-f-fructofuranosyl-nystose after incubation for 30 h. | 1994 | 7764697 |
| levoglucosan dehydrogenase involved in the assimilation of levoglucosan in arthrobacter sp. i-552. | a levoglucosan (1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranose)-using bacterium, isolated from soil, was identified. it was shown to belong to the genus arthrobacter and tentatively named arthrobacter sp. i-552. a novel enzyme catalyzed the dehydrogenation of levoglucosan to form 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-ribo-hexopyranos-3-ulose (3-keto levoglucosan), using nad+ as an electron acceptor, i.e. nad+: 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranose oxidoreductase (trivial name: levoglucosan dehydrogenase). this enzyme was purified an ... | 1994 | 7765713 |
| construction of a new host-vector system in arthrobacter sp. and cloning of the lipase gene. | arthrobacter sp. strain mis38 was transformed with a shuttle vector containing the kanamycin resistant gene kan (derived from tn5) by an electroporation method. this shuttle vector is from brevibacterium lactofermentum and escherichia coli, pulrs8. the following optimal condition of electroporation was determined. a square wave pulse of 1 kv/cm electric field strength for 0.5 ms duration yielded 3 x 10(5) transformants/micrograms plasmid dna. the number of transformants increased with the amount ... | 1994 | 7765770 |
| purification and characterization of 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain 4-cb1. | 4-chlorobenzoyl coenzyme a dehalogenase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain 4-cb1 (previously known as acinetobacter sp. strain 4-cb1), a bacterium isolated from pcb-contaminated soil. purification was accomplished by four chromatographic steps, including a novel affinity chromatography step. 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase is a homotetramer of 33-kda subunits with an isoelectric point of 6.1. the enzyme is stable between ph 6.5 and 10. the optimum ph for kcat is ph 8. the ... | 1994 | 7918379 |
| kinetic characterization of tyramine oxidase of arthrobacter species. | amine oxidases (ec 1.4.3) represent a rather nebulous group of proteins with relative narrow substrate and inhibitor specificities. several different enzymes fall into these amine oxidase classes and the classification of some of them still remains ambiguous. kinetic and physico-chemical properties of tyramine oxidase of arthrobacter sp. were investigated to decide if this enzyme belongs to the flavin containing tyramine oxidase class (ec 1.4.3.9) or if it is more related to another amine oxidas ... | 1994 | 8038724 |
| roles of bacterial attachment and spontaneous partitioning in the biodegradation of naphthalene initially present in nonaqueous-phase liquids. | the mineralization by an arthrobacter sp. of naphthalene initially dissolved in di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate exhibited a slow phase followed by a rapid phase. triton x-100, which inhibited cell attachment, prevented the onset of the second phase. triton x-100 increased the extent of mineralization of naphthalene initially present in 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane. cells attached to the interface mineralized the aromatic hydrocarbon at a rate four times higher than the rate of partitioning in the a ... | 1994 | 8074534 |
| biodegradation of p-nitrophenol via 1,2,4-benzenetriol by an arthrobacter sp. | the degradation of p-nitrophenol (pnp) by moraxella and pseudomonas spp. involves an initial monooxygenase-catalyzed removal of the nitro group. the resultant hydroquinone is subject to ring fission catalyzed by a dioxygenase enzyme. we have isolated a strain of an arthrobacter sp., js443, capable of degrading pnp with stoichiometric release of nitrite. during induction of the enzymes required for growth on pnp, 1,2,4-benzenetriol was identified as an intermediate by gas chromatography-mass spec ... | 1994 | 8085840 |
| reaction mechanism for the conversion of 5-monosubstituted hydantoins to enantiomerically pure l-amino acids. | the specific conversion of d,l-5-monosubstituted hydantoins to optically pure l-amino acids by resting cells of arthrobacter sp. dsm 7330 has been evaluated. a new nonstereoselective hydantoinase from arthrobacter sp. dsm 7330 was isolated and characterized. when whole cells were tested, the conversion of d,l-5-methylthioethylhydantoin (d,l-5-mteh) led to the optically pure intermediate d-carbamoylmethionine (d-cm) and to the optically pure amino acid l-methionine. after purification of the hyda ... | 1995 | 7785836 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and expression of an opine dehydrogenase gene from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c. | the gene coding for opine dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c was cloned onto plasmid pbluescript ks(-), and the nucleotide sequence of the 1,077-bp open reading frame consisting of 359 codons was identified as the odh gene. transformed escherichia coli cells overproduced nad+-dependent opine dehydrogenase under control of the promoter of the lac gene on pbluescript ks(-). | 1995 | 7487048 |
| degradation of iprodione by a soil arthrobacter-like strain. | a bacterial strain able to transform iprodione was isolated from a fast iprodione-degrading soil by enrichment procedures. transformation was detected through 3,5-dichloroaniline production as measured by a rapid colorimetric method. the strain, ma6, was tentatively identified as an arthrobacter sp. when it was incubated with ma6 in a minimum mineral medium (ph 6.5), iprodione (8.8 mumol/liter) was transformed into two major metabolites that were identified by high-performance liquid chromatogra ... | 1995 | 7574630 |
| structure of simusan, a new acidic exopolysaccharide from arthrobacter sp. | simusan, a major exopolysaccharide produced by an ethanol-utilizing arthrobacter sp. strain ce-17, contains d-glucose, d-mannose, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, d-glucuronic acid, and pyruvic acid in the ratios approximately 3:2:1:1:1:1 as well as o-acyl groups (presumably (presumably residues of acetic and palmitic acid). on the basis of chemical modifications of the polysaccharide, solvolysis with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride resulting in a penta- and an octa-saccharide fragment, smith degradation, a ... | 1995 | 7697646 |
| purification and properties of a novel enzyme, maltooligosyl trehalose synthase, from arthrobacter sp. q36. | arthrobacter sp. q36 produces a novel enzyme, maltooligosyl trehalose synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of maltooligosaccharide into the non-reducing saccharide, maltooligosyl trehalose (alpha-maltooligosyl alpha-d-glucoside) by intramolecular transglycosylation. the enzyme was purified from a cell-free extract to an electrophoretically homogeneous state by successive column chromatography on sepabeads fp-da13, deae-sephadex a-50, ultrogel aca44, and butyl-toyopearl 650m. the enzyme was s ... | 1995 | 8611744 |
| purification and characterization of a novel enzyme, maltooligosyl trehalose trehalohydrolase, from arthrobacter sp. q36. | a novel enzyme, maltooligosyl trehalose trehalohydrolase from arthrobacter sp. q36 was purified from a cell-free extract to an electrophoretically pure state by successive column chromatography on sepabeads fp-da13, butyl-toyopearl 650m, deae-toyopearl 650s, and toyopearl hw-55s. the enzyme specifically catalyzed the hydrolysis of the alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkage that bound the maltooligosyl and trehalose moieties of maltooligosyl trehalose. the km of the enzyme for maltosyl trehalose, maltotrio ... | 1995 | 8611745 |
| quinaldine 4-oxidase from arthrobacter sp. rü61a, a versatile procaryotic molybdenum-containing hydroxylase active towards n-containing heterocyclic compounds and aromatic aldehydes. | quinaldine 4-oxidase from arthrobacter sp. rü61a, an inducible molybdenum-containing hydroxylase, was purified to homogeneity by an optimized five-step procedure. molecular oxygen is proposed as physiological electron acceptor. electrons are also transferred to artificial electron acceptors with e'o > -8 mv. the molybdo-iron/sulfur flavoprotein regiospecifically attacks its n-heterocyclic substrates: isoquinoline and phthalazine are hydroxylated adjacent to the n-heteroatom at cl, whereas quinal ... | 1996 | 8617260 |
| analysis of interaction between the arthrobacter sarcosine oxidase and the coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide by site-directed mutagenesis. | sarcosine oxidase from arthrobacter sp. te1826 (soxa) tightly binds with the coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad). the amino-terminal region of this enzyme was recognized as a part of the fad-binding domain by homology search analysis. comparison with other structurally well-known flavoproteins suggested that the aspartate residue at position 35 (d-35) and the motif sequence (six residues at positions 12 to 17) were important for the interaction with fad. site-directed mutagenesis of each ... | 1996 | 8779579 |
| ym-30059, a novel quinolone antibiotic produced by arthrobacter sp. | 1996 | 8823519 | |
| cloning and sequencing of a dextranase-encoding cdna from penicillium minioluteum. | a cdna from penicillium minioluteum hi-4 encoding a dextranase (1,6-alpha-glucan hydrolase, ec 3.2.1.11) was isolated and characterized. cdna clones corresponding to genes expressed in dextran-induced cultures were identified by differential hybridization. southern hybridization and restriction mapping analysis of selected clones revealed four different groups of cdnas. the dextranase cdna was identified after expressing a cdna fragment from each of the isolated groups of cdna clones in the esch ... | 1996 | 8837470 |
| 2,4-dioxygenases catalyzing n-heterocyclic-ring cleavage and formation of carbon monoxide. purification and some properties of 1h-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinaldine 2,4-dioxygenase from arthrobacter sp. rü61a and comparison with 1h-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinoline 2,4-dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida 33/1. | 1h-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinaldine 2,4-dioxygenase (meqdo) was purified from quinaldine-grown arthrobacter sp. rü61a. it was enriched 59-fold in a yield of 22%, and its properties were compared with 1h-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinoline 2,4-dioxygenase (qdo) purified from pseudomonas putida 33/1. the enzyme-catalyzed conversions were performed in an (18o)o2/(16o)o2 atmosphere. two oxygen atoms of either (18o)o2 or (16o)o2 were incorporated at c2 and c4 of the respective substrates, indicating that these unusual ... | 1996 | 8856057 |
| cloning of the penicillium minioluteum gene encoding dextranase and its expression in pichia pastoris. | the dex gene encoding an extracellular dextranase was isolated from the genomic dna library of penicillium minioluteum by hybridization using the dextranase cdna as a probe. comparison of the gene and cdna sequences revealed that the dex gene does not contain introns. amino acid sequences comparison of p. minioluteum dextranase with other reported dextranases reveals a significant homology (29% identity) with a dextranase from arthrobacter sp. cb-8. the dex gene fragment encoding a mature protei ... | 1996 | 8905923 |
| crystallographic and fluorescence studies of ligand binding to n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp. | crystal structures of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase (cshase; ec 3.5.1.59) have been analyzed by x-ray diffraction methods with two different inhibitors bound to the active site at 2.28 a and 2.37 a resolution. the catalytic center of the enzyme could be identified on the basis of these structures. the four substrate binding sites are situated at the intersubunit interfaces of the compact dimers ab and cd of the homotetrameric enzyme. both inhibitors inactivate the enzyme irreversibly throu ... | 1996 | 8913306 |
| biodegradation of dimethylsilanediol in soils. | the biodegradation potential of [14c]dimethylsilanediol, the monomer unit of polydimethylsiloxane, in soils was investigated. dimethylsilanediol was found to be biodegraded in all of the tested soils, as monitored by the production of 14co2. when 2-propanol was added to the soil as a carbon source in addition to [14c]dimethylsilanediol, the production of 14co2 increased. a method for the selection of primary substrates that support cometabolic degradation of a target compound was developed. by t ... | 1996 | 8953708 |
| cloning and sequencing of a cluster of genes encoding novel enzymes of trehalose biosynthesis from thermophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus acidocaldarius. | trehalose biosynthesis genes, trez, trex and trey, encoding maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (trez), glycogen debranching enzyme (trex), and maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (trey) have been cloned from the thermophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus acidocaldarius atcc33909. the amino-acid sequences deduced from trez, trex and trey are composed of 556, 713 and 720 amino-acid residues, respectively. trez and trey are 33-40% homologous to the corresponding enzymes from arthrobacter sp. q36. we ... | 1996 | 8980629 |
| hydroxylamine oxidation in heterotrophic nitrate-reducing soil bacteria and purification of a hydroxylamine-cytochrome c oxidoreductase from a pseudomonas species. | hydroxylamine oxidation was measured in four recently isolated heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria belonging to the genera pseudomonas, moraxella, arthrobacter and aeromonas. a hydroxylamine-cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity was detected in periplasmic fractions of the pseudomonas and aeromonas spp. and in total soluble fractions of the arthrobacter sp. a monomeric 19-kda non-haem iron hydroxylamine-cytochrome c oxidoreductase was purified from the pseudomonas species and shown to be simi ... | 1996 | 9082922 |
| cloning and sequencing of trehalose biosynthesis genes from arthrobacter sp. q36. | a 5.1-kbp genomic dna fragment was cloned from trehalose-producing bacterium arthrobacter sp. strain q36. sequence analysis of the dna fragment revealed two open reading frames of 2325 and 1794 bp, encoding maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (trey) and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (trez), respectively. the 3' end of trey overlaps with the 5' end of trez by one nucleotide, and it is suggested that treyz constitutes and operon. the deduced amino acid sequences of both enzymes have several ... | 1996 | 8605217 |
| sarcosine oxidase contains a novel covalently bound fmn. | sarcosine oxidase from corynebacterium sp. p-1 is a heterotetrameric protein containing three different enzymes: noncovalent fad, noncovalent nad+, and covalently bound flavin which is released as 8 alpha-(n3-histidyl)riboflavin upon complete hydrolysis of the protein. the following results show that the covalent flavin is not at the fad level, as previously proposed, but it is rather as 8 alpha-(n3- histidyl)fmn coenzyme. first, no amp is released when the protein moiety is treated with phospho ... | 1996 | 8611516 |
| structural studies on a sulfated polysaccharide from an arthrobacter sp. by nmr spectroscopy and methylation analysis. | structural characterization of a sulfated polysaccharide peptidoglycan complex (sp-pg) from an arthrobacter sp. was performed by nmr spectroscopy and methylation analysis. in order to simplify the analyses, the desulfated sp-pg was used. nmr spectroscopy revealed the presence of a trisaccharide repeating unit and a disaccharide repeating unit. the trisaccharide unit was composed of two galactofuranosides and one glucopyranoside, and the disaccharide unit was of two galactopyranosides, as shown b ... | 1997 | 9581278 |
| plant compounds that induce polychlorinated biphenyl biodegradation by arthrobacter sp. strain b1b. | plant compounds that induced arthrobacter sp. strain b1b to cometabolize polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were identified by a screening assay based on the formation of a 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl ring fission product. a chemical component of spearmint (mentha spicata), l-carvone, induced arthrobacter sp. strain b1b to cometabolize aroclor 1242, resulting in significant degradation of 26 peaks in the mixture, including selected tetra- and pentachlorobiphenyls. evidence for pcb biodegradation include ... | 1997 | 9143124 |
| molecular cloning and heterologous expression of the isopullulanase gene from aspergillus niger a.t.c.c. 9642. | isopullulanase (ipu) from aspergillus niger a.t.c.c. (american type culture collection) 9642 hydrolyses pullulan to isopanose. ipu is important for the production of isopanose and is used in the structural analysis of oligosaccharides with alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic linkages. we have isolated the ipua gene encoding ipu from the filamentous fungi a. niger a.t.c.c. 9642. the ipua gene encodes an open reading frame of 1695 bp (564 amino acids). ipu contained a signal sequence of 19 amino ac ... | 1997 | 9169610 |
| heavy metal resistant arthrobacter sp.--a tool for studying conjugational plasmid transfer between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. | the role of two heavy metal-resistant strains of the gram-positive genus arthrobacter sp. as a tool in studying conjugational plasmid transfer between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is described. the high nickel resistance and the cobalt resistance of arthrobacter sp. strain rm1/6 could be transferred to arthrobacter sp. strain ws14. incq plasmids (pkt240, pkt240::czc, pml10) could be mobilized from e. coli into arthrobacter spp. strains; antibiotic (km, ap, tc) and heavy metal (co) re ... | 1997 | 9265744 |
| isolation and characterization of d-threonine aldolase, a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme from arthrobacter sp. dk-38. | d-threonine aldolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of d-threonine into glycine and acetaldehyde. its activity was found in several genera of bacteria such as arthrobacter, alcaligenes, xanthomonas, and pseudomonas, but not in yeasts or fungi. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity from one strain, arthrobacter sp. dk-38. the enzyme appeared to consist of a single polypeptide chain with an apparent molecular mass of 51 kda. this enzyme, as well as l-threonine aldolase, requires pyridox ... | 1997 | 9346293 |
| purification and characterization of polyamine aminotransferase of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. | polyamine aminotransferase of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1 was induced by 1,3-diaminopropane (dap), n-3-aminopropyl-1,3-diaminopropane (norspermidine), spermidine, and spermine, but not by putrescine. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity. its molecular weight and subunit size were 129,000 and 64,000, respectively. its absorption spectrum had maxima at 280 and 420 nm and a shoulder at about 350 nm, and changes were observed upon the addition of dap, putrescine, and sodium borohydride. the spectrum an ... | 1997 | 9348081 |
| action of polyamine aminotransferase on norspermidine. | the norspermidine-pyruvate reaction catalyzed by polyamine aminotransferase from arthrobacter sp. tmp-1 formed n-3-aminopropyl-3-aminopropionaldehyde (apapal), l-alanine, 1,3-diaminopropane (dap), allylamine, and acrolein, and the relative rates of formation of the latter four products were 24, 3.3, 2.3, and 1.2%, respectively, of the rate of the dap-pyruvate transamination. the identification of apapal was done by 13c-nmr after it had been enzymatically oxidized to n-3-aminopropyl-beta-alanine ... | 1997 | 9348082 |
| characterization of catechol catabolic genes from rhodococcus erythropolis 1cp. | the biochemical characterization of the muconate and the chloromuconate cycloisomerases of the chlorophenol-utilizing rhodococcus erythropolis strain 1cp previously indicated that efficient chloromuconate conversion among the gram-positive bacteria might have evolved independently of that among gram-negative bacteria. based on sequences of the n terminus and of tryptic peptides of the muconate cycloisomerase, a fragment of the corresponding gene has now been amplified and used as a probe for the ... | 1997 | 8990288 |
| pcp degradation is mediated by closely related strains of the genus sphingomonas. | there have been numerous reports in the literature of diverse bacteria capable of degrading pentachlorophenol (pcp). in order to gain further insight into the phylogenetic relationships of pcp-degrading bacteria, we examined four strains: arthrobacter sp. strain atcc 33790, flavobacterium sp. strain atcc 39723, pseudomonas sp. strain sr3, and sphingomonas sp. strain ra2. these organisms were isolated from different geographical locations and all of them degrade high concentrations (100-200 mg/l) ... | 1997 | 9004518 |
| molecular cloning of an inulin fructotransferase (depolymerizing) gene from arthrobacter sp. h65-7 and its expression in escherichia coli. | the gene encoding an extracellular inulin fructotransferase (depolymerizing) (inulase ii) (ec 2.4.1.93), designated ift gene, was cloned from the genomic dna of arthrobacter sp. h65-7, and expressed in escherichia coli for the first time. sequence analysis showed a single open reading frame consisting of 1314 base pairs that encoded a signal peptide of 32 amino acids and a mature protein of 405 amino acids. the primary structure showed a homology of 49.8% with that of the inulin fructotransferas ... | 1997 | 9028036 |
| classification of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase family: sequence analysis of a gene for the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase showing high specificity for methylcatechols from gram+ aniline-assimilating rhodococcus erythropolis an-13. | gram+ aniline-assimilating rhodococcus erythropolis an-13 (an-13) produces catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (c12o) showing high enzymatic activities for 3- and 4-methylcatechols [aoki et al. (1984) agric. biol. chem. 48, 2087-2095]. a 3.0 kb sau3ai fragment carrying a gene encoding c12o(cata) was cloned by selection of transformants showing c12o activity from a gene library of an-13. furthermore, we specified a 1.6 kb sali fragment containing cata from the sau3ai fragment by subcloning. sequence analysi ... | 1997 | 9034312 |
| new metabolites in the degradation of fluorene by arthrobacter sp. strain f101. | identification of new metabolites and demonstration of key enzyme activities support and extend the pathways previously reported for fluorene metabolism by arthrobacter sp. strain f101. washed-cell suspensions of strain f101 with fluorene accumulated 9-fluorenone, 4-hydroxy-9-fluorenone, 3-hydroxy-1-indanone, 1-indanone, 2-indanone, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, and a compound tentatively identified as a formyl indanone. incubations with 2-indanone produced 3-isochromanone. the growth yield wi ... | 1997 | 9055403 |
| survival and phospholipid fatty acid profiles of surface and subsurface bacteria in natural sediment microcosms. | although starvation survival has been characterized for many bacteria, few subsurface bacteria have been tested, and few if any have been tested in natural subsurface porous media. we hypothesized that subsurface bacteria may be uniquely adapted for long-term survival in situ. we further hypothesized that subsurface conditions (sediment type and moisture content) would influence microbial survival. we compared starvation survival capabilities of surface and subsurface strains of pseudomonas fluo ... | 1997 | 16535578 |
| biodegradation of the mixture of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, and phenol by a defined mixed culture. | two new strains, pseudomonas sp. tcp114 degrading 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (tcp) and arthrobacter sp. cpr706 degrading 4-chlorophenol (4-cp), were isolated through a selective enrichment procedure. both strains could also degrade phenol. the degradability of one component by a pure culture was strongly affected by the presence of other compounds in the medium. for example, when all three components (tcp, 4-cp, and phenol) were present in the medium, a pure culture of cpr706 could not degrade any of ... | 1997 | 12501340 |
| gene cluster for creatinine degradation in arthrobacter sp. te1826. | the genes encoding creatininase (crna; 258 residues) and creatinase (crea; 411 residues) from arthrobacter sp. te1826 were cloned and sequenced. the genes form a cluster with the sarcosine oxidase gene (soxa) and its regulator gene (soxr), which were cloned previously. the deduced amino acid sequences of crna and crea show 35.9% and 63.1% identity, respectively to the corresponding pseudomonas enzymes. crna and crea were purified from the recombinant strains and characterized. other open reading ... | 1998 | 9563845 |
| [microbial succession on lignite along with weathering]. | six different weathered lignite samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy. few microorganisms were observed on lignit just excavated and only spores and short hyphae were observed on lignite samples excavated 5 months, 1 year and 4 years before sampling. when lignite samples were moistened with distilled water and incubated for 10 days, actinomycetes proliferated significantly on lignite samples that were just excavated or excavated 5 months before sampling. the growth of bacteria wa ... | 1998 | 12548918 |
| isolation of a beta-galactosidase-encoding gene from bacillus licheniformis: purification and characterization of the recombinant enzyme expressed in escherichia coli. | the bacillus licheniformis beta-galactosidase gene, lacbl, was cloned on a 5.8-kb hindiii fragment into pbr322 and expressed by its own promoter in escherichia coli. deletion and complementation analysis showed that the enzyme-encoding region was located on a 4. 1-kb hindiii-clai fragment. the transcription region for the lacbl was identified on this fragment with promoter- and terminator-probe plasmids. the deduced sequence of 149 aa of the n-terminal part of lacbl showed aa sequence homology w ... | 1998 | 9625788 |
| structural model of dex protein from penicillium minioluteum and its implications in the mechanism of catalysis. | the dex gene encodes an extracellular dextranase (ec 3.2.1.11); this enzyme hydrolyzes the alpha(1,6) glucosidic bond contained in dextran to release small isomaltosaccharides. sequence analysis has revealed only one homologous sequence, cb-8 protein, from arthrobacter sp., with 30% sequence identity. the secondary structure prediction for dex was corroborated by circular dichroism measurements. to explore the possibility that dex protein might adopt a fold similar to any known structure, we con ... | 1998 | 9626695 |
| a novel metal-activated pyridoxal enzyme with a unique primary structure, low specificity d-threonine aldolase from arthrobacter sp. strain dk-38. molecular cloning and cofactor characterization. | the gene encoding low specificity d-threonine aldolase, catalyzing the interconversion of d-threonine/d-allo-threonine and glycine plus acetaldehyde, was cloned from the chromosomal dna of arthrobacter sp. strain dk-38. the gene contains an open reading frame consisting of 1,140 nucleotides corresponding to 379 amino acid residues. the enzyme was overproduced in recombinant escherichia coli cells and purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation and three-column chromatography steps. ... | 1998 | 9642221 |
| effects of difructose anhydride iii on calcium absorption in small and large intestines of rats. | difructose anhydride iii (dfa iii; di-d-fructo-furanose 1,2':2,3' dianhydride) was prepared from inulin with arthrobacter sp. h65-7 inulin fructotransferase (depolymerizing (inulase ii; ec 2.4.1.93). dfa iii is not hydrolyzed by enzymes in the small intestine, but is metabolized by microorganisms in the large intestine. we investigated the effects of dfa iii on calcium absorption in two experiments. in the in vivo experiment, we examined the effects of dfa iii, fructooligosaccharides, and raffin ... | 1998 | 9648212 |
| crystal structure and active site location of n-(1-d-carboxylethyl)-l-norvaline dehydrogenase. | opine dehydrogenases catalyze the nad(p)h-dependent reversible reaction to form opines that contain two asymmetric centers exhibiting either (l,l) or (d,l) stereochemistry. the first structure of a (d,l) superfamily member, n-(1-d-carboxylethyl)-l-norvaline dehydrogenase (cendh) from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c, has been determined at 1.8 a resolution and the location of the bound nucleotide coenzyme has been identified. six conserved residues cluster in the cleft between the enzyme's two domains ... | 1998 | 9665174 |
| purification and characterization of four catechol 1,2-dioxygenase isozymes from the benzamide-assimilating bacterium arthrobacter species ba-5-17. | when arthrobacter sp. ba-5-17 was grown on benzamide, the bacterium synthesized four different catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (cd, ec 1.13.11.1) isozymes (cd-i, ii, iii-1, and iii-2). we purified each cd to homogeneity by a series of column chromatography. the molecular masses of the four cds were between 68 and 72 kda. the enzymes were made up of two identical subunits each with the molecular mass of 33 kda. cd-i and ii were indistinguishable in enzymatic properties tested. most properties of cd-iii- ... | 1998 | 9760749 |
| crystallization of arthrobacter sp. strain 1c n-(1-d-carboxyethyl)-l-norvaline dehydrogenase and its complex with nad+ | the novel nad+-linked opine dehydrogenase from a soil isolate arthrobacter sp. strain 1c belongs to an enzyme superfamily whose members exhibit quite diverse substrate specificites. crystals of this opine dehydrogenase, obtained in the presence or absence of co-factor and substrates, have been shown to diffract to beyond 1.8 å resolution. x-ray precession photographs have established that the crystals belong to space group p21212, with cell parameters a = 104.9, b = 80.0, c = 45.5 å and a single ... | 1998 | 9761832 |
| whipple's syndrome (uveitis, b27-negative spondylarthropathy, meningitis, and lymphadenopathy) associated with arthrobacter sp. infection. | to report an unusual case of whipple's disease, including uveitis, seronegative spondylarthropathy, meningitis, and lymphadenopathy, associated with an arthrobacter sp. infection. | 1998 | 9787360 |
| repeated application of carvone-induced bacteria to enhance biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil. | carvone, the principal component of spearmint oil, induces biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) by arthrobacter sp. strain b1b. this study investigated the effectiveness of the repeated application of carvone-induced bacteria for bioremediation of aroclor-1242-contaminated soil. control treatments compared a single inoculation of carvone-induced cells, repeated applications of noninduced cells, and repeated applications of cell-free carvone/fructose medium. the results showed that r ... | 1998 | 9830100 |
| crystallization of arthrobacter sp. strain 1c n-(1-d-carboxyethyl)-l- norvaline dehydrogenase and its complex with nad+. | the novel nad+-linked opine dehydrogenase from a soil isolate arthrobacter sp. strain 1c belongs to an enzyme superfamily whose members exhibit quite diverse substrate specificities. crystals of this opine dehydrogenase, obtained in the presence or absence of co-factor and substrates, have been shown to diffract to beyond 1.8 a resolution. x-ray precession photographs have established that the crystals belong to space group p21212, with cell parameters a = 104.9, b = 80.0, c = 45.5 a and a singl ... | 1998 | 9867431 |
| structural study on a sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex produced by arthrobacter sp. | the structure of a sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex (sp-pg) produced by arthrobacter sp. was analyzed by nmr spectroscopy. in addition, oligosaccharide fragments of the sp-pg-l obtained by hf degradation were analyzed by nmr spectroscopy. these findings indicated that the sulfated polysaccharide (sp) contains a repeating unit composed of two galactofuranosides and a glucopyranoside. the main chain of the trisaccharide is [-->6) beta-d-galf(1-->6)-beta-d-galf(1-->ln, with beta-d-glcp ... | 1998 | 9972234 |
| corynebacterium terpenotabidum sp. nov., a bacterium capable of degrading squalene. | the taxonomic status of arthrobacter sp. y-11t, which was described as a squalene-degrading bacterium, was investigated by chemotaxonomic and genetic methods. the strain possesses wall chemotype iv, mk-9(h2) as the predominant menaquinone, mycolic acids, and straight-chain, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, with considerable amounts of tuberculostearic acid. the dna g+c content is 67.5 mol%. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis and quantitative dna-dna hybridization experiments provided stro ... | 1999 | 10028267 |
| involvement of two plasmids in the degradation of carbaryl by arthrobacter sp. strain rc100. | a bacterium capable of utilizing carbaryl (1-naphthyl n-methylcarbamate) as the sole carbon source was isolated from carbaryl-treated soil. this bacterium was characterized taxonomically as arthrobacter and was designated strain rc100. rc100 hydrolyzes the n-methylcarbamate linkage to 1-naphthol, which was further metabolized via salicylate and gentisate. strain rc100 harbored three plasmids (designated prc1, prc2, and prc3). mutants unable to degrade carbaryl arose at a high frequency after tre ... | 1999 | 10049857 |
| effects of moisture and sorption on bioavailability of p-hydroxybenzoic acid to arthrobacter sp. in soil. | effects of bioavailability on degradation of 14c-p-hydroxybenzoate were examined using sterile soil inoculated with arthrobacter sp. physical accessibility of p-hydroxybenzoate was controlled by varying pore continuity with a range of moisture regimes (-33 to -420 kpa), whereas sorption was controlled via addition of an exchange resin. arthrobacter sp. accessed 94% of p-hydroxybenzoate in soil at -33 kpa, owing to continuity of soil pores and sufficient cells to exploit available space. a deviat ... | 1999 | 10206726 |
| isolation and primary characterization of an amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous. | amidase (ec 3.5.1.4) was purified to homogeneity from rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 using isopropanol fractionation and exchange chromatography on mono q. the isolated amidase consists of four identical subunits with molecular weight 42+/-2 kd. the activity of the enzyme is maximal at 55-60 degrees c and within the ph range 5-8. the amidase from r. rhodochrous m8 is highly sensitive to such sulfhydryl reagents as hg2+ and cu2+. chelators (edta and o-phenanthroline) and serine proteinase inhibitors ... | 1999 | 10231590 |
| comparison of the fuel oil biodegradation potential of hydrocarbon-assimilating microorganisms isolated from a temperate agricultural soil. | strains of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) were isolated from an agricultural soil in france. in a field, a portion was treated with oily cuttings resulting from the drilling of an onshore well. the cuttings which were spread at the rate of 600 g hc m-2 contained 10% of fuel oil hydrocarbons (hc). another part of the field was left untreated. three months after hc spreading, hc adapted bacteria and fungi were isolated at different soil depths in the two plots and identi ... | 1999 | 10231986 |
| cloning and sequencing of the fcbb gene encoding 4-chlorobenzoate-coenzyme a dehalogenase from pseudomonas sp. dj-12. | pseudomonas sp. dj-12 degrades 4-chlorobenzoate through hydrolytic dechlorination to produce 4-hydroxybenzoate and a chloride ion. the fcbb gene encoding the 4-chlorobenzoate-coenzyme a (4cba-coa) dehalogenase which catalyzes the nucleophilic substitution reaction to convert 4cba-coa to 4-hydroxybenzoate-coenzyme a (4hba-coa) in the consecutive steps of dechlorination was cloned from the chromosome of the organism. a nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene showed an open reading frame consistin ... | 1999 | 10340479 |
| fractal analysis to discriminate between biotic and abiotic attacks on chalcopyrite and pyrolusite. | in the present paper, a model describing release and mobility of copper and manganese in chalcopyrite and pyrolusite powders due to bacterial bioleaching, i.e. thiobacillus ferrooxidans and arthrobacter sp., is proposed. sites where copper and manganese were released were examined by scanning electron microscopy (sem). the resulting micrographs were scanned and submitted to a point by point fractal analysis to verify if a discrimination between biological and chemical attack could be established ... | 1999 | 10353795 |
| uptake of the herbicidal glyphosate by escherichia coli k-12. | the uptake of the aminoacid biosynthesis inhibitor, used as the broad-spectrum herbicide ingredient, glyphosate (n-[phosphonomethyl]-glycine) was investigated in e. coli as a model to study mechanisms of cell resistance to antimetabolites as drugs and pesticides. unlike the glyphosate-degrading arthrobacter sp. strain for which the first successful measurement of glyphosate uptake and its inhibition by orthophosphate was reported, e. coli k-12 cannot take up this inhibitor either in the presence ... | 1999 | 10379906 |
| a new route to l-threo-3-[4-(methylthio)phenylserine], a key intermediate for the synthesis of antibiotics: recombinant low-specificity d-threonine aldolase-catalyzed stereospecific resolution. | a new enzymatic resolution process was established for the production of l-threo-3-[4-(methylthio)phenylserine] (mtps), an intermediate for synthesis of antibiotics, florfenicol and thiamphenicol, using the recombinant low-specificity d-threonine aldolase from arthrobacter sp. dk-38. chemically synthesized dl-threo-mtps was efficiently resolved with either the purified enzyme or the intact recombinant escherichia coli cells overproducing the enzyme. under the optimized experimental conditions, 1 ... | 1999 | 10390816 |
| manipulation of the dna coding for the desulphurizing activity in a new isolate of arthrobacter sp. | a new bacterial strain able to cleave c-s bonds from organosulphur heterocyclic compounds through the 4-s pathway and tentatively classified as arthrobacter sp. was recently isolated. in the present short article we describe the cloning and the characterization of the dna encoding the enzymes responsible for desulphurization in this microorganism, referred to as arthrobacter sp. ds7. the desulphurization operon was found to be located in a large plasmid that also bears the genes conferring cadmi ... | 1999 | 10461378 |
| biodegradation of 2-methyl, 2-ethyl, and 2-hydroxypyridine by an arthrobacter sp. isolated from subsurface sediment. | a bacterium capable of degrading 2-methylpyridine was isolated by enrichment techniques from subsurface sediments collected from an aquifer located at an industrial site that had been contaminated with pyridine and pyridine derivatives. the isolate, identified as an arthrobacter sp., was capable of utilizing 2-methylpyridine, 2-ethylpyridine, and 2-hydroxypyridine as primary c, n, and energy sources. the isolate was also able to utilize 2-, 3-, and 4-hydroxybenzoate, gentisic acid, protocatechui ... | 1999 | 10466198 |
| a practicable and accurate method to differentiate between intra- and extracellular water of microbial cells. | a thermographimetric method which allows for a quick and accurate estimation of intra- and extracellular water of microbial cells is reviewed and improved. knowledge of these fractions is important for physiological as well as for toxicological investigations. results of the study indicate that besides the species, nutrient availability and growth conditions affect the intracellular water content. intra- and extracellular water, dry matter, volume and density of a single cell of arthrobacter sp. ... | 1999 | 10483732 |
| assessment of bacterial community structure in soil by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | bacterial community structure was studied in a flevo silt loam (fsl) soil microplot, as well as in 15 other soils, by using dna extraction followed by molecular fingerprinting. total community dna was extracted and purified by a direct method, which yielded amplifiable dna of high molecular weight for all soils. a variable region of the 16s rrna gene was then amplified by pcr with bacterial primers, resulting in a mixture of amplicons separable via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). ... | 1999 | 10520580 |
| molecular cloning of isomaltotrio-dextranase gene from brevibacterium fuscum var. dextranlyticum strain 0407 and its expression in escherichia coli. | the gene encoding an extracellular isomaltotrio-dextranase (imtd), designed dext, was cloned from the chromosomal dna of brevibacterium fuscum var. dextranlyticum strain 0407, and expressed in escherichia coli. a single open reading frame consisting of 1923 base pairs that encoded a polypeptide composed of a signal peptide of 37 amino acids and a mature protein of 604 amino acids (m(r), 68,300) was found. the primary structure had no significant similarity with the structure of two other reporte ... | 1999 | 10540747 |
| the use of fatty acid methyl ester analysis (fame) for the identification of heterotrophic bacteria present on three mural paintings showing severe damage by microorganisms. | mural paintings in carmona (spain), herberstein (austria) and greene (germany), showing visible deterioration by microorganisms, were sampled to investigate the biodiversity of the heterotrophic bacteria present. four hundred twenty-eight bacterial strains were isolated from which 385 were characterized by fatty acid methyl ester analysis (fame). the isolates were grouped into 41 clusters on the basis of their fame profiles, 20 isolates remained ungrouped. the majority (94%) of the isolates comp ... | 1999 | 10564789 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the gene for glucodextranase from arthrobacter globiformis t-3044 and expression in escherichia coli cells. | the gld gene for glucodextranase from arthrobacter globiformis t-3044 was cloned by using a combination of gene walking and probe methods and expressed on the recombinant plasmid pgd8, which was constructed with puc118, in escherichia coli cells. the enzyme gene consisted of a unique open reading frame of 3,153 bp. the comparison of the dna sequence data with the n-terminal and 6 internal amino acid sequences of the purified enzyme secreted from a. globiformis t-3044 suggested the enzyme was tra ... | 1999 | 10664850 |
| molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of organophosphorus insecticide hydrolase gene from arthrobacter sp. strain b-5. | the organophosphorus insecticide hydrolase (oph) gene of arthrobacter sp. strain b-5, isolated from turf green soil was cloned into escherichia coli jm109. three clones, termed epb511, epb521 and epb531, exhibiting oph activity were obtained. however, these three clones showed lower op-degrading ability than strain b-5. a 7.7-kb inserted fragment of the plasmid pb521 harbored by epb521 was subcloned, resulting in construction of a plasmid, pb526, carrying the 2.6-kb inserted fragment with op-deg ... | 1999 | 16232510 |
| cloning of inulin fructotransferase (dfa iii-producing) gene from arthrobacter globiformis c11-1. | a gene encoding an inulin fructotransferase (dfa iii-producing) [ec 2.4.1.93] from arthrobacter globiformis c11-1 was cloned and the nucleotide sequence was determined. the cloned fragment contained a 1353 bp open reading frame. the initiation codon was estimated to be an unusual codon, gtg. the gene encoded a signal peptide (40 amino acid residues) for secretion. the molecular mass of the native enzyme was calculated as 43,400 da from the sequencing data. the deduced amino acid sequence of the ... | 2000 | 16232803 |
| [two different fermentation techniques of steriod 1,4-dehydrogenation and 11 alpha-hydroxylation]. | two kinds of micro-organism, arthrobacter sp. ax86(1,4-dehdrogenator) and absidia sp. a28(11 alpha-hydroxylator) were used in this experiment. two different fermentation techniques were performed to accomplish the multiple conversional reactions for producing 16 beta-methyl-11 alpha,17 alpha,21-trihydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione(iii) from 16 beta-methyl-3 beta,17 alpha,21-trihydroxy-5 alpha-pregnane-20-one-21-acetate(i): 1) to produce product(iii) by means of a two-step fermentation method wh ... | 2000 | 11191778 |
| [comparative study of xylose(glucose) isomerase synthesis in arthrobacter strains]. | the substrate specificity of isomerases produced by six strains of arthrobacter sp. was studied. the role of utilizable carbon sources in controlling enzyme biosynthesis was established. all of the strains studied were found to produce xylose isomerases efficiently, converting d-xylose into d-xylulose and d-glucose into d-fructose. all but a. ureafaciens b-6 strains showed low activity toward d-ribose, arthrobacter sp. b-5 was slightly active toward l-arabinose, and a. ureafaciens b-6 and arthro ... | 2000 | 11314651 |