Publications

biotransformation of hydrocortisone into prednisolone.		1994	7519301
phylogenetic analysis of species of the meso-diaminopimelic acid-containing genera brevibacterium and dermabacter.	16s rrna gene sequencing studies were performed on dermabacter hominis and four meso-diaminopimelic acid-containing species of the genus brevibacterium. phylogenetic analysis revealed a close association between dermabacter hominis and representatives of the lysine-containing genera arthrobacter, micrococcus, and renibacterium. by contrast, the genus brevibacterium formed a distinct line of descent within the high-guanine-plus-cytosine-containing actinomycetes, displaying no specific affinity wi ...	1994	7520745
purification and characterization of a pyrrole-2-carboxylate oxygenase from arthrobacter strain py1.	pyrrole-2-carboxylate oxygenase was purified 8.2-fold to homogeneity from arthrobacter strain py1 grown on pyrrole-2-carboxylate as sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy source. fad and dithioerythritol had to be present during the purification procedure to stabilize the enzyme activity. the molecular mass of the pyrrole-2-carboxylate oxygenase was about 160 kda by gel filtration chromatography and native gradient page, only one polypeptide of about 60 kda was present after sds-page. the fad content ...	1994	8011178
action pattern of polysaccharide lyases on glycosaminoglycans.	the action pattern of polysaccharide lyases on glycosaminoglycan substrates was examined using viscosimetric measurements and gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). heparin lyase i (heparinase, ec 4.2.2.7) and heparin lyase ii (no ec number) both acted on heparin in a random endolytic fashion. heparin lyase ii showed an ideal endolytic action pattern on heparan sulphate, while heparin lyase i decreased the molecular weight of heparan sulphate more slowly. heparin lyase iii (hepariti ...	1994	7949654
kinetic characterization of tyramine oxidase of arthrobacter species.	amine oxidases (ec 1.4.3) represent a rather nebulous group of proteins with relative narrow substrate and inhibitor specificities. several different enzymes fall into these amine oxidase classes and the classification of some of them still remains ambiguous. kinetic and physico-chemical properties of tyramine oxidase of arthrobacter sp. were investigated to decide if this enzyme belongs to the flavin containing tyramine oxidase class (ec 1.4.3.9) or if it is more related to another amine oxidas ...	1994	8038724
occurrence and expression of cspa, a cold shock gene, in antarctic psychrotrophic bacteria.	the homologue of cold shock gene cspa of escherichia coli was detected in various isolates of antarctic psychrotrophs representing both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the northern hybridization study indicated that the transcript size of cspa in the psychrotrophic gram-positive bacterium arthrobacter protophormiae and gram-negative pseudomonas fluorescens was similar to that of e. coli and that the cspa homologues in these two psychrotrophs were expressed constitutively at a low level ...	1994	8132155
analysis of low-molecular mass products from biosolubilized coal.	a relatively simple, rapid sample preparation method has been developed for analysis of low-molecular mass compounds present in soluble coal products generated by microbial coal solubilizing agents. acidification of the sample followed by direct extraction into hexanes is coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis for characterization of the soluble coal products. characterization of the products can contribute to a more complete understanding of the solubilization processes invo ...	1994	8181700
[mossbauer data on the effect of nad.h on the state of iron in bacteria].	the state of fe of bacterial cultures of different systematic positions (bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa, pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas fluorescens, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter siderocapsulatus) grown on the medium containing fe(iii) citrate (up to 100 mg/l) with additional or without nad.h was studied. the samples were in damp air-dry, second moistened, dried at 383 k states. spectra have been obtained at 290 k and 100-200 k. the studied microorganisms have two types of atoms of ...	1994	8043633
characterization of an endoserine protease secreted by arthrobacter aureus.	a 22-kda endoserine protease secreted by an arthrobacter aureus strain was identified. the optimal temperature for this protease was 70 degrees c. protease production was maximal at the end of the exponential growth phase, and the protease was induced by amino acids and peptides and repressed by carbon sources.	1994	8117088
determination of sialic acids.		1994	8139495
the penicillin amidase of arthrobacter viscosus (atcc 15294).	the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the gene encoding penicillin g amidase (pa) of arthrobacter viscosus strain atcc 15,294 was determined. the sequence contained an open reading frame of 2406 nt with a g+c content of 37%. the deduced amino-acid sequence shows significant homology with other so far identified beta-lactam amidases of gram- bacteria.	1994	8200542
characterization of psychrotrophic microorganisms producing beta-galactosidase activities.	investigations of psychrotrophic microorganisms have been limited even though the dominant environment of the earth is cold and enzymes with high activities at low temperatures could have commercial uses. we have isolated and characterized three psychrotrophic strains with beta-galactosidase activities. the isolates, b7, d2, and d5, were gram-positive, catalase-positive, obligate aerobes. cells observed with a scanning electron microscope appeared as rods during the early stages of growth but be ...	1994	8117071
structure of cell wall mannan of candida kefyr ifo 0586.	we conducted a structural analysis of the antigenic cell wall mannoprotein (mannan) isolated from candida kefyr (formerly candida pseudotropicalis) ifo 0586. the result of two-dimensional homonuclear hartmann-hahn analysis of this mannan indicates that the molecule is constructed from alpha-1,2- and alpha-1,6-linked mannopyranose residues. upon alkali treatment (beta-elimination reaction), this mannan released two alpha-1,2-linked mannooligosaccharides, biose and triose. the structure of the alk ...	1994	7927705
identification of polysialic acid-containing glycoprotein in the jelly coat of sea urchin eggs. occurrence of a novel type of polysialic acid structure.	sea urchin eggs are surrounded by a gelatinous layer (called the jelly coat) that consists of mixture of fucoserich polysaccharides and sialic acid-rich glycoproteins. chemical and 500 mhz 1h nmr spectroscopic studies revealed for the first time the presence of a novel polysialic acid (polysia) structure in the jelly coat glycoproteins isolated from hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (designated polysia-gp(h)). the structure of the polysia chains was thoroughly characterized as (-->5-oglycolyl-neu5gc al ...	1994	8077223
regioselective transglycosylation in the synthesis of oligosaccharides: comparison of beta-galactosidases and sialidases of various origins.	n-acetyl-lactosamine(beta-d-gal p-(1-->4)-d-glc pnac) was synthesized regioselectively with the aid of the transglycosylation activity of beta-galactosidase isolated from diplococcus pneumoniae using p-nitrophenyl beta-d-galactopyranoside as the donor. also, transglycosylation of the sialyl group in an alpha-(2-->8)-linked sialic acid dimer or p-nitrophenyl glycoside of sialic acid to n-acetyl-lactosamine was performed using sialidases of various origins. when sialidase from clostridium perfring ...	1994	8039189
biodegradation of p-nitrophenol via 1,2,4-benzenetriol by an arthrobacter sp.	the degradation of p-nitrophenol (pnp) by moraxella and pseudomonas spp. involves an initial monooxygenase-catalyzed removal of the nitro group. the resultant hydroquinone is subject to ring fission catalyzed by a dioxygenase enzyme. we have isolated a strain of an arthrobacter sp., js443, capable of degrading pnp with stoichiometric release of nitrite. during induction of the enzymes required for growth on pnp, 1,2,4-benzenetriol was identified as an intermediate by gas chromatography-mass spec ...	1994	8085840
glycosphingolipid component profiles of human gliomas correlate with histological tumour types: analysis of inter-individual and tumour-regional distribution.	three types of glycosphingolipid (gsl) component profiles have been established for human intracranial gliomas. gsl-type i shows only glac- and lacto-series-sialoglycolipids. type ii consist of glac- and gtri-gangliosides, whereas only gsl-type iii contains sulphatide and, as a major neutral glycolipid, galactocerebroside, besides gangliosides of the glac-, gtri-, and gtet-families. whole gliomas of malignancy grading i/ii, iii and iv, display gsl-types iii, ii, and i, respectively. thus, the gs ...	1994	8042551
expression of a bacterial gene in transgenic plants confers resistance to the herbicide phenmedipham.	tobacco plants were genetically engineered to express a detoxifying pathway for the herbicide phenmedipham. a gene from arthrobacter oxidans strain p52 that encodes an enzyme catalysing the hydrolytic cleavage of the carbamate compound phenmedipham has recently been cloned and sequenced. the coding sequence was fused with a cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter and introduced into tobacco plants by agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. transgenic plants expressing high levels of phenmedipham hyd ...	1994	7919217
pcr protocol- and inulin catabolism-based differentiation of inulinolytic soil bacteria.	bacteria collected from rotting dahlia tubers, instead of degrading inulin to d-fructose, preferentially formed the known dfa iii (beta-2.1': alpha-2',3 difructofuranose anhydride), inulobiose, higher inulo-oligosaccharides, and exoheteropolysaccharides. owing to the morphological and gram staining variability, the bacterial isolates designated ylw and crm were examined to differentiate them from a reference strain arthrobacter ureafaciens. the comparative analyses were whole dna random amplific ...	1994	8010763
detection, isolation, and characterization of siderophores.		1994	8057905
generation of the topa quinone cofactor in bacterial monoamine oxidase by cupric ion-dependent autooxidation of a specific tyrosyl residue.	the quinone of 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine (topa), recently identified as the covalently bound redox cofactor in copper amine oxidases, is encoded by a specific tyrosine codon. to elucidate the mechanism of its formation, the recombinant phenylethylamine oxidase of arthrobacter globiformis has been overproduced in escherichia coli and purified in a cu(2+)-deficient form. the inactive precursor enzyme thus obtained was dramatically activated upon incubation with cu2+, concomitantly with the for ...	1994	8082796
roles of bacterial attachment and spontaneous partitioning in the biodegradation of naphthalene initially present in nonaqueous-phase liquids.	the mineralization by an arthrobacter sp. of naphthalene initially dissolved in di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate exhibited a slow phase followed by a rapid phase. triton x-100, which inhibited cell attachment, prevented the onset of the second phase. triton x-100 increased the extent of mineralization of naphthalene initially present in 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane. cells attached to the interface mineralized the aromatic hydrocarbon at a rate four times higher than the rate of partitioning in the a ...	1994	8074534
heterotrophic bacterial populations in the mineral waters of thermal springs in spain.	the microbiological quality and heterotrophic bacterial populations of 26 thermal mineral water springs in spain were studied. in most of the springs the number of viable aerobes was less than 10(3) cfu ml-1 and the number of sporulated bacteria less than 10(2) cfu ml-1. no significant differences were found in the counts obtained with plate count agar (pca) and pca diluted 1:10 and incubated at 22 degrees, 37 degrees and 45 degrees c. total coliforms were found in 14 springs, faecal streptococc ...	1994	7989265
secretion of a temporally controlled cell-associated protein in arthrobacter aureus: production of the protein and inactivation of its structural gene.	arthrobacter aureus secretes 2 proteins of 22 and 100 kda (p22 and p100, respectively). p22 is a protease, while p100, of unknown function, is associated with the cells before being released into the medium. an immunologically related p100 protein was also found in the culture supernatant of a. ureafasciens. despite the fact that production of p22 and p100 proteins is induced by growth in the presence of bovine serum albumin, their synthesis is not always induced coordinately. inactivation of th ...	1994	7997642
differential reactivity of two types of n-glycolyneuraminic acid dimers toward enzymatic and nonenzymatic hydrolysis of their interketosidic linkages.	the kinetics of acid- and sialidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the interketosidic linkages of two different disialic acids, neu5gc alpha 2-->5-oglycolylneu5gc and neu5gc alpha 2-->8neu5gc, were studied. the former sequence was recently identified in the polysialic acid chains of a sialic acid-rich glycoprotein isolated from the egg jelly coat of two different species of sea urchins, and the latter was previously found in the cortical alveolar-derived polysialoglycoprotein from rainbow trout eggs. a ...	1994	7999128
molecular cloning and expression of an isomalto-dextranase gene from arthrobacter globiformis t6.	the gene encoding an extracellular isomalto-dextranase, designated imd, was isolated from the chromosomal dna of arthrobacter globiformis t6 and cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. a single open reading frame consisting of 1,926 base pairs that encoded a polypeptide composed of a signal peptide of 39 amino acids and a mature protein of 602 amino acids (m(r), 65,900) was found. the primary structure had no significant homology with the structures of any other reported carbohydrases, includi ...	1994	8002600
purification and characterization of 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain 4-cb1.	4-chlorobenzoyl coenzyme a dehalogenase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain 4-cb1 (previously known as acinetobacter sp. strain 4-cb1), a bacterium isolated from pcb-contaminated soil. purification was accomplished by four chromatographic steps, including a novel affinity chromatography step. 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase is a homotetramer of 33-kda subunits with an isoelectric point of 6.1. the enzyme is stable between ph 6.5 and 10. the optimum ph for kcat is ph 8. the ...	1994	7918379
structural analysis and molybdenum-dependent expression of the pao1-encoded nicotine dehydrogenase genes of arthrobacter nicotinovorans.	the genes of nicotine dehydrogenase (ndh) were identified, cloned and sequenced from the catabolic plasmid pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans. in immediate proximity to this gene cluster is the beginning of the 6-hydroxy-l-niotine oxidase (6-hlno) gene. ndh is composed of three subunits (a, b and c) of m(r) 30,011, 14,924 and 87,677. it belongs to a family of bacterial hydroxylases with a similar subunit structure; they have molybdopterin dinucleotide, fad and fe-s clusters as cofactors. here t ...	1994	7815950
characterization of a psychrotrophic arthrobacter gene and its cold-active beta-galactosidase.	enzymes with high specific activities at low temperatures have potential uses for chemical conversions when low temperatures are required, as in the food industry. psychrotrophic microorganisms which grow at low temperatures may be a valuable source of cold-active enzymes that have higher activities at low temperatures than enzymes found for mesophilic microorganisms. to find cold-active beta-galactosidases, we isolated and characterized several psychrotrophic microorganisms. one isolate, b7, is ...	1994	7811090
chemical structures of hetero-oligosaccharides produced by arthrobacter sp. k-1 beta-fructofuranosidase.	the structures of hetero-oligosaccharides obtained by the action of transglycosylation of arthrobacter sp. k-1 beta-fructofuranosidase, using sucrose as the fructosyl donor, and several mono- and di-sacchrides as the acceptors were investigated. the main transfer products to most reducing mono- and di-sacchrides were non-reducing oligosaccharides with a fructosyl residue linked to a hemiacetal hydroxyl group. in the presence of l-sorbose, the enzyme produced 2-o-beta-d-fructofuranosyl-alpha-l-so ...	1994	7764539
purification of inulin fructotransferase (dfa i-producing) from arthrobacter sp. mci2493 and production of dfa i from inulin by the enzyme.	an extracellular enzyme that produces di-d-fructofuranose-2',1;2,1' dianhydride from inulin was purified from the culture broth of arthrobacter sp. mci2493. the molecular weight of the enzyme was 40,000 by gel filtration and sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme had maximum activity at ph 6.0 and 50 degrees c. using this purified enzyme, 100 g/liter inulin was converted into 60 g/liter of dfa i, nystose, and 1-f-fructofuranosyl-nystose after incubation for 30 h.	1994	7764697
levoglucosan dehydrogenase involved in the assimilation of levoglucosan in arthrobacter sp. i-552.	a levoglucosan (1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranose)-using bacterium, isolated from soil, was identified. it was shown to belong to the genus arthrobacter and tentatively named arthrobacter sp. i-552. a novel enzyme catalyzed the dehydrogenation of levoglucosan to form 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-ribo-hexopyranos-3-ulose (3-keto levoglucosan), using nad+ as an electron acceptor, i.e. nad+: 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranose oxidoreductase (trivial name: levoglucosan dehydrogenase). this enzyme was purified an ...	1994	7765713
construction of a new host-vector system in arthrobacter sp. and cloning of the lipase gene.	arthrobacter sp. strain mis38 was transformed with a shuttle vector containing the kanamycin resistant gene kan (derived from tn5) by an electroporation method. this shuttle vector is from brevibacterium lactofermentum and escherichia coli, pulrs8. the following optimal condition of electroporation was determined. a square wave pulse of 1 kv/cm electric field strength for 0.5 ms duration yielded 3 x 10(5) transformants/micrograms plasmid dna. the number of transformants increased with the amount ...	1994	7765770
cloning and sequencing of phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis and implication of tyr-382 as the precursor to its covalently bound quinone cofactor.	the gene of arthrobacter globiformis encoding a quinoprotein, phenylethylamine oxidase, has been cloned and sequenced. in the deduced amino acid sequence comprising 638 residues is a tetrapeptide sequence, asn-tyr-asp-tyr, which has been found to be highly conserved in other copper amine oxidase. mutation of the former tyr (tyr-382) of the recombinant enzyme into phe resulted in the complete loss of catalytic activity and disappearance of the quinone compound that is specifically detected in the ...	1994	8147851
evidence for the interference of aluminum with bacterial porphyrin biosynthesis.	aluminum (0.74 mm) was found to retard bacterial growth, and enhance porphyrin formation and excretion in arthrobacter aurescens rs-2. coproporphyrin iii was shown to be the main porphyrin excreted by aluminum-exposed a. aurescens rs-2 cultures and by rs-2 cultures grown under anoxic conditions. synthesis and excretion of porphyrins in a. aurescens rs-2 increased in a dose-dependent manner when the bacteria were exposed to increasing aluminum concentrations. incubation of a. aurescens rs-2 with ...	1994	8148615
the sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides of salmonella djakarta and salmonella isaszeg (serogroup o: 48): chemical characterization and reactivity with a sialic acid-binding lectin from cepaea hortensis.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) of salmonella djakarta and salmonella isaszeg, as well as of a spontaneous r-mutant of s. djakarta were investigated as to their content in neuraminic acid (neu) and its individual linkage. the two salmonella serovars both belong to the o:48 serogroup of salmonella, but to two different subgroups. lps of both s-forms contained high amounts of neu, although in different quantities, whereas the r-form was completely devoid of it. methylation analysis indicated that neu is ...	1994	7812267
degradation of a sodium acrylate oligomer by an arthrobacter sp.	arthrobacter sp. strain no-18 was first isolated from soil as a bacterium which could degrade the sodium acrylate oligomer and utilize it as the sole source of carbon. when 0.2% (wt/wt) oligomer was added to the culture medium, the acrylate oligomer was found to be degraded by 70 to 80% in 2 weeks, using gel permeation chromatography. to determine the maximum molecular weight for biodegradation, the degradation test was done with the hexamer, heptamer, and octamer, which were separated from the ...	1993	8517751
characterization of the methylenediphosphonate transport system in arthrobacter sp. glp-1 using the novel tritium-labelled derivative.	the novel tritium-labelled derivative of methylenediphosphonate (mdp) was used in uptake studies of arthrobacter sp. glp-1 capable of utilizing a wide range of organophosphonates as its sole source of phosphorus. the mdp uptake was greatly stimulated upon phosphate deprivation. the uptake obeys michaelis-menten kinetics with respective km and vmax values of 33 microm and 0.3 nmol.min-1.mg-1 fr.wt. glyphosate and pyrophosphate were competitive inhibitors of mdp uptake. the effect of orthophosphat ...	1993	8428621
molecular properties of aminopeptidase ey as a zinc-metalloenzyme.	1. aminopeptidase ey from hen's egg yolk contains 1.0 g atom of zinc/mol of a subunit having molecular weight of 150 kda. the inactive, zn(2+)-free apoenzyme was reactivated by co2+, mn2+, ca2+, cd2+, cu2+ and ni2+ in addition to zn2+, whereas mg2+ and fe2+ were ineffective. 2. the enzymatical properties of reconstituted enzymes, except for zn(2+)-reconstituted enzyme, differed from native enzyme. the values for the activation energy were calculated by aminopeptidase ey and co(2+)-reconstituted ...	1993	8288037
arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase: partial proteolysis with thermolysin.	the pattern and kinetics of partial proteolysis of arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase tetramer was studied in order to determine the flexibility of surface loops that may control its stability. it was completely resistant to trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase at 37 degrees c, but thermolysin cleaved specifically and quantitatively at thr-347-leu-348 between helices 10 and 11 to remove 47 residues from the c-terminus of each 43.3 kda subunit. at high temperatures, helices 9 and 10 were removed from ...	1993	8424759
[effect of ozone on airborne microorganisms].	the microbicidal effect of ozone in air was tested at concentrations between 50 and 600 micrograms/m3 against the species: staphylococcus epidermidis, micrococcus luteus, arthrobacter citreus, bacillus subtilis (veg.), escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas fluorescens and candida albicans. the microorganisms were exposed on membrane filters at 60-75% relative humidity and 21.5-22.5 degrees c. after exposure times between 1 min and 60 min, the filters were inc ...	1993	8267833
[arthrobacter proteinase and its effect on fibrin thrombi].	arthrobacteria are producers of proteolytic enzymes. optimal cultivation conditions were determined for arthrobacter luteus and the mineral composition of the culture medium providing active synthesis of proteinase was optimized. the proteinase was isolated from the culture liquid of arthrobacter luteus using preparative ion-exchange chromatography on a carboxyl cation exchange resin kmt. the enzyme was homogeneous according to gel chromatography on sephadex g-200 and had a molecular weight of 2 ...	1993	8475025
cloning and expression of the polychlorinated biphenyl-degradation gene cluster from arthrobacter m5 and comparison to analogous genes from gram-negative bacteria.	arthrobacter m5 was characterized genetically to determine if the catabolic pathway (controlled by the bph genes), responsible for polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) biodegradation in this gram-positive strain, was similar to the pathways characterized from various gram-negative bacteria. arthrobacter m5 was originally isolated as a contaminant from a culture of the pcb degrader, acinetobacter sp. strain p6. a bph-specific oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo) gene probe (bphc2) was designed by aligning ...	1993	8449411
microbial production of d-malate from maleate.	to produce d-malate from maleate by a microbial reaction, we screened a number of maleate-utilizing microorganisms for enzyme activity by an intact cell system. the strain which showed the best productivity among the 440 strains tested was identified taxonomically as arthrobacter sp. strain mci2612. the optical purity of the malate produced by this strain was 100% d type. the culture and reaction conditions for the production were studied for this strain. addition of amino acids such as l-prolin ...	1993	8476285
morphological, physiological and enzymatic characteristics of cephalosporin acylase-producing arthrobacter strain 45-8a.	a bacterial strain producing cephalosporin acylases was isolated from soil. the morphological and physiological properties of this strain suggest that it belongs to the genus arthrobacter, and the isolate was therefore designated arthrobacter strain 45-8a. substrate specificity of the enzyme was examined. the enzyme can convert both cephalosporin acid to 7-aminocephalosporanic acid. an interesting feature of the acylases is their temperature-dependent regulation. activity of acylases was detecte ...	1993	8484708
arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase: protein-engineered subunit interfaces.	mutants of arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase were constructed in which one or two disulphide bridges or additional salt bridges were introduced at the a-a* subunit interfaces. these showed no change in enzyme activity or stability compared with the wild-type enzyme. however, a tyr253 mutant in which a disulphide bridge was introduced at the a-b* subunit interface showed reduced thermostability that was identical in both oxidized and reduced forms, and also reduced stability in urea. x-ray-crystall ...	1993	8484737
microbial degradation of chlorinated acetophenones.	a defined mixed culture, consisting of an arthrobacter sp. and a micrococcus sp. and able to grow with 4-chloroacetophenone as a sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated. 4-chlorophenyl acetate, 4-chlorophenol, and 4-chlorocatechol were identified as metabolites through comparison of retention times and uv spectra with those of standard substances. the proposed pathway was further confirmed by investigation of enzymes. the roles of the two collaborating strains were studied by growth exper ...	1993	8368855
microbial metabolism of quinoline and related compounds. xvi. quinaldine oxidoreductase from arthrobacter spec. rü 61a: a molybdenum-containing enzyme catalysing the hydroxylation at c-4 of the heterocycle.	quinaldine oxidoreductase from arthrobacter spec. rü 61a converts quinaldine to 1h-4-oxoquinaldine. the enzyme was purified 70-fold to apparent homogeneity in a 5-step procedure with a recovery of 4%. the molecular mass of the native enzyme was calculated to be 340,000 da by gel filtration. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the enzyme revealed 3 protein bands corresponding to 82,000 da, 35,000 da and 22,000 da. the enzyme contained 1.6 atoms of molybdenum, 8 atoms of iron, 8 atoms of aci ...	1993	8471177
cloning and characterization of a gene coding for the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase of arthrobacter sp. ma3.	the cata gene, coding for the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (c12o) of the bacterial strain arthrobacter sp. ma3, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. one plasmid containing a 6.1-kb ecori insert was selected by its ability to degrade catechol and to accumulate cis-cis-muconate. the dna insert of this plasmid was mapped with restriction enzymes. the cata gene was subcloned on a 1.3-kb psti-ecori fragment by deleting the adjacent restriction fragments. the nucleotide sequence of cata was deter ...	1993	8423008
overproduction of riboflavin by an arthrobacter sp. mutant resistant to 5-fluorouracil.	antagonistic action between 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) and riboflavin (rf) was investigated. the growth of arthrobacter sp. was inhibited by 5-fu at 5 x 10(-5) m, and the inhibition was reversed by rf at 5 x 10(-5) m. 5-fu-resistant mutants of arthrobacter sp. were isolated and excreted rf in relatively high yields, but the wild-type strain excreted no rf. one of the mutants, strain no. 28-35, produced 223.2 micrograms ml-1 of rf in culture medium at 4 days.	1993	7764107
determination of the sialic acid linkage specificity of sialidases using lectins in a solid phase assay.	a procedure for the determination of activity and linkage specificity of sialidases is described. the sialoglycoprotein fetuin is coated onto a microtiter plate and incubated with sialidases from different sources. enzymatic activities and linkage specificities are then determined by a sandwich method which measured the binding of different lectins to fetuin. the lectins used were peanut agglutinin (pna) from arachis hypogaea, which binds specifically the galactose beta-1-3-n-acetylgalactosamine ...	1993	7686353
production of cis,cis-muconic acid from benzoic acid.		1993	7763344
cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of the flavobacterium pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase gene in escherichia coli.	the pcpb gene of flavobacterium sp. strain atcc 39723 was cloned by using a degenerate primer designed from the n-terminal sequence of the purified enzyme. the nucleotide sequence of pcpb was determined and found to encode an open reading frame of 1,614 nucleotides, yielding a predicted translation product of 538 amino acids, in agreement with the estimated size of the purified protein analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the transcriptional start of pcpb was fo ...	1993	7678243
arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase: chemical modification of carboxy groups and protein engineering of ph optimum.	to try to lower the ph optimum, the carboxy groups of arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase were coupled to glycinamide using a water-soluble carbodi-imide. in conditions that substituted all of the 59 carboxy groups in the denatured monomer, a maximum of 30 groups/monomer reacted in the native enzyme, whether in presence or absence of ligands, and the enzyme remained fully active and tetrameric throughout the coupling reaction. purification by f.p.l.c. ion-exchange chromatography gave broad symmetric ...	1993	7904154
cloning, sequencing, expression, and regulation of the structural gene for the copper/topa quinone-containing methylamine oxidase from arthrobacter strain p1, a gram-positive facultative methylotroph.	deoxyoligonucleotides corresponding to amino acid sequences of methylamine oxidase and polyclonal anti-methylamine oxidase antibodies were used to probe arthrobacter strain p1 plasmid and chromosomal dna libraries. two open reading frames, maoxi and maoxii, which are greater than 99% homologous, were cloned from the chromosomal library. the deduced amino acid sequences of the coding regions are identical except for two residues near the c termini. on the other hand, the 5'- and 3'-flanking regio ...	1993	8366046
photoaffinity labeling of acyl-coa oxidase with 12-azidooleoyl-coa and 12-[(4-azidosalicyl)amino]dodecanoyl-coa.	synthesis of 32p-labeled coa of high specific activity was achieved using partially purified dephospho-coa kinase (ec 2.7.1.24) from pig liver with [gamma-32p]atp as donor and dephospho-coa as acceptor. a photoaffinity dodecanoic acid analog, 12-[(4-azidosalicyl)amino]dodecanoic acid was synthesized, as were its coa derivative (asd-coa) and the coa derivative of 12-azidooleic acid. the coa derivatives were synthesized from azido fatty acid analogs by acyl-coa synthetase. the synthesized photolab ...	1993	8241127
degradation and induction specificity in actinomycetes that degrade p-nitrophenol.	we have isolated two soil bacteria (identified as arthrobacter aurescens tw17 and nocardia sp. strain tw2) capable of degrading p-nitrophenol (pnp) and numerous other phenolic compounds. a. aurescens tw17 contains a large plasmid which correlated with the pnp degradation phenotype. degradation of pnp by a. aurescens tw17 was induced by preexposure to pnp, 4-nitrocatechol, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, or m-nitrophenol, whereas pnp degradation by nocardia sp. strain tw2 was induced by pnp, 4-nitrocatec ...	1993	8250573
structural characterization of the n-linked carbohydrate chains from mouse zona pellucida glycoproteins zp2 and zp3.	n-linked oligosaccharides of mouse zona pellucida glycoproteins zp2 and zp3 were prepared as pyridylaminated derivatives. anion-exchange hplc revealed that 95% or more of them are acidic. about 80% of these acidic chains were neutralized by digestion with arthrobacter ureafaciens sialidase and a small amount of sulfate was found in the residual acidic chains. the neutralized fractions (sn fractions) from zp2 and zp3 were similarly fractionated by size-fractionation hplc into many peaks having di ...	1993	8251520
transformation of cholic acid by arthrobacter simplex.	fermentation of cholic acid with arthrobacter simplex (iicb 227) under aerobic conditions yielded 3,12-dioxo-23,24-dinorchola-4,6-dienoic acid, 7 alpha-hydroxy-3,12-dioxo-23,24-dinorchol-4-enoic acid, 3 alpha, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid, 3 alpha, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5 beta-23,24-dinorcholan-22-oic acid, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-dihydroxy-3-oxo-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid, 7 alpha-12 alpha-dihydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholenoic acid, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-dihydroxy-3-oxo-23,24-dinorchol-4-en ...	1993	8256259
vermiculin derivatives. part 1: synthesis of vermiculin derivatives.	hydrogenation of the macrodiolide antibiotic vermiculin (1) over adams catalyst afforded [8s, 16s]-8,16-bis(2'-oxopropyl)-1,9- dioxyacyclohexadeca-2,5,10,13-tetrone (2), [8s, 16s]-8,16-bis(2'-oxopropyl)-13-hydroxy-1,9-dioxacyclohexadeca- 2,5,10-trione (3), [8s,16s]-8,16-bis(2' oxopropyl)-1,9- dioxacyclohexadeca-2,5,10-trione (4) together with [7s]-4,9-dioxo-7-(4',9'-dioxodecanoyloxy)decanoic acid (5). hydrogenation of diolide 1 over pd/c gave tetrahydrovermiculin (2) only. the prepared compounds ...	1993	8265708
three different 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase genes in the gram-positive polychlorobiphenyl-degrading bacterium rhodococcus globerulus p6.	rhodococcus globerulus p6 (previously designated acinetobacter sp. strain p6, arthrobacter sp. strain m5, and corynebacterium sp. strain mb1) is able to degrade a wide range of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners. the genetic and biochemical analyses of the pcb catabolic pathway reported here have revealed the existence of a pcb gene cluster--bphbc1d--and two further bphc genes--bphc2 and bphc3--that encode three narrow-substrate-specificity enzymes (2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenases) that ...	1993	8335622
comparison of the activity of two chondroitin ac lyases on dermatan sulfate.		1993	8348558
inositol-containing lipoglycans in prokaryotes.		1993	8449324
inhibition of sialidases from viral, bacterial and mammalian sources by analogues of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-n-acetylneuraminic acid modified at the c-4 position.	the inhibition of sialidase activity from influenza viruses a and b, parainfluenza 2 virus, vibrio cholerae, arthrobacter ureafaciens, clostridium perfringens, and sheep liver by a range of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-n-acetylneuraminic acid analogues modified at the c-4 position has been studied. all substitutions tested resulted in a decrease in the degree of inhibition of the bacterial and mammalian sialidases. for sialidases from influenza viruses a and b, on the other hand, most of the substituti ...	1993	8358225
expression and secretion of an arthrobacter dextranase in the oral bacterium streptococcus gordonii.	we have constructed a plasmid to express and secrete dextranase in the oral bacterium streptococcus gordonii. the dextranase gene from arthrobacter sp. strain cb-8 was linked to a promoter and a dna sequence encoding the signal peptide of streptococcus downei glucosyltransferase i (gtfi) followed by the escherichia coli rrnbt1t2 terminator and inserted in the shuttle vector pva838. s. gordonii transformed with this plasmid (pmnk-4) expressed and secreted mature arthrobacter dextranase. the trans ...	1993	8406828
the m.alui dna-(cytosine c5)-methyltransferase has an unusually large, partially dispensable, variable region.	the dna methyltransferase of the alui restriction-modification system, from arthrobacter luteus, converts cytosine to 5-methylcytosine in the sequence agct. the gene for this methyltransferase, aluim, was cloned into escherichia coli and sequenced. a 525-codon open reading frame was found, consistent with deletion evidence, and the deduced amino acid sequence revealed all ten conserved regions common to 5-methylcytosine methyltransferases. the aluim sequence predicts a protein of m(r) 59.0k, in ...	1993	8451189
a new lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by arthrobacter sp. strain mis38.	a biosurfactant termed arthrofactin produced by arthrobacter species strain mis38 was purified and chemically characterized as 3-hydroxydecanoyl-d-leucyl-d-asparagyl-d-threonyl-d- leucyl-d-leucyl-d-seryl-l-leucyl-d-seryl-l-isoleucyl-l-isoleucyl-l-as paragyl lactone. surface activity of arthrofactin was examined, with surfactin as a control. critical micelle concentration values of arthrofactin and surfactin were around 1.0 x 10(-5) m and 7.0 x 10(-5) m at 25 degrees c, respectively. arthrofactin ...	1993	8407822
growth of mycorrhizal fungi in dixenic cultures with bacteria in media of different composition.	studies were carried out on the effect of bacteria: arthrobacter globiformis, bacillus subtilis and pseudomonas fluorescens on biomass production by three important ectomycorrhizal fungi: laccaria laccata, hebeloma crustuliniforme and rhizopogon vinicolor in media of different composition. it was shown that bacteria stimulated, inhibited or did not affect significantly the biomass production by mycorrhizal fungi. 3-factor anova have shown that although effect of bacteria was statistically signif ...	1993	7504874
physicochemical cell surface and adhesive properties of coryneform bacteria related to the presence and chain length of mycolic acids.	the presence and chain length of mycolic acids of bacteria of the genera corynebacterium, rhodococcus, gordona, mycobacterium, and arthrobacter and of coryneform bacteria containing a type b peptidoglycan were related to the cell surface hydrophobicity of the bacteria, which in turn was related to adhesion of the cells to defined surfaces such as teflon and glass. the origin of the overall negative charge of these bacteria is discussed.	1993	16349100
molecular rearrangement of longifolene by arthrobacter ilicis t(2).	arthrobacter ilicis t(2) brings about a unique type of cometabolic structural rearrangement of longifolene, a sesquiterpene, resulting in the formation of an acid. infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and decoupling studies indicate that the acid product has a sativenelike structure, which is confirmed by conversion of the acid to its methyl ester and hydrocarbon.	1993	16348946
effects of grazing by flagellates on competition for ammonium between nitrifying and heterotrophic bacteria in soil columns.	the enhanced mineralization of immobilized nitrogen by bacteriophagous protozoa has been thought to favor the nitrification process in soils in which nitrifying bacteria must compete with heterotrophic bacteria for the available ammonium. to obtain more insight into this process, the influence of grazing by the flagellate adriamonas peritocrescens on the competition for ammonium between the chemolithotrophic species nitrosomonas europaea and the heterotrophic species arthrobacter globiformis in ...	1993	16348988
effect of organic matter decomposition level on bacterial species diversity and composition in relationship to pythium damping-off severity.	rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from root tip segments of cucumber seedlings grown in a suppressive, slightly decomposed light-colored peat mix, a conducive, more decomposed dark-colored peat mix, and a suppressive dark peat mix amended with composted hardwood bark. the bacteria were identified by a gas chromatographic fatty acid methyl ester analysis. the total number of taxa recovered from a single root tip segment ranged from 9 to 18. no single taxon predominated on all root tip segments h ...	1993	16349117
toxicity of homologous series of organic solvents for the gram-positive bacteria arthrobacter and nocardia sp. and the gram-negative bacteria acinetobacter and pseudomonas sp.	the toxicity of homologous series of organic solvents has been investigated for the gram-positive bacteria, arthrobacter sp. and nocardia sp., and the gram-negative bacteria, acinetobacter sp. and pseudomonas sp. the hydrophobicity of the solvent, expressed by its logp(octanol), proves to be a good measure for the toxicity of solvents in a two-phase system. the transition from toxic to nontoxic solvents occurs between logp(octanol) 3 and 5 and depends on the homologous series. no correlation has ...	1993	18613108
growth-inhibition of t47d human breast-cancer cells by the new antiaromatase steroid 3-methylene-1,4-androstadien-17-one.	the c19 steroid, 3-methylene-1,4-androstadien-17-one (3-methylene-1-dehydro-4-androsten-17-one, abbrev. 3mda) was synthesized by microbial dehydrogenation with arthrobacter simplex from the corresponding 1,2-saturated, 3-methylene-4-androsten-17-one. the new steroid induces a type-1 optical difference spectrum with cytochrome p450 aromatase from human placentae (k(s) 1.61 mum). kinetic inhibition studies with placental microsomes show: (i) 3mda inhibits aromatase irreversibly (k(inact) 0.026 min ...	1993	21573449
activity and stability of an entrapped-cell system for the delta(1)-dehydrogenation of steroids in organic media.	whole arthrobacter simplex cells entrapped in kappa-carra-geenan or in two types of polyurethane foam, or adsorbed on silanized celite, were tested for the delta(1)-dehydrogenation of hydrocortisone and its derivatives in organic media. catalytic activity and stability levels were evaluated for the immobilized cells in buffer with 2.5% (vol/vol) methanol, and in three buffer-saturated solvents (n-octan-1-ol, n-decan-1-ol, and chloroform). the addition of glutamate to the immobilization support s ...	1992	18601223
effect of adsorbents on degradation of toxic organic compounds by coimmobilized systems.	the use of coimmobilized systems for treatment of toxic organic compounds has been proposed. the proposed approach combines the use of adsorbents and laboratory identified microorganisms immobilized in a protective permeable barrier to achieve a greater degree of control over the remediation process. this study was launched to understand the effect of adsorbents and changes in adsorption on the degradation of toxic compounds by coimmobilized systems. the specific case studied involved the degrad ...	1992	18600991
effects of grazing by flagellates on competition for ammonium between nitrifying and heterotrophic bacteria in chemostats.	the enhanced mineralization of organic nitrogen by bacteriophagous protozoa is thought to favor the nitrification process in soils, in which nitrifying bacteria have to compete with heterotrophic bacteria for the available ammonium. to obtain more insight into this process, the influence of grazing by the bacteriovorous flagellate adriamonas peritocrescens on the competition for limiting amounts of ammonium between the ammonium-oxidizing species nitrosomonas europaea and the heterotrophic specie ...	1992	16348722
heteropolysaccharide formation by arthrobacter viscosus grown on xylose and xylose oligosaccharides.	arthrobacter viscosus nrrl b-1973 produces its viscous extracellular polysaccharides (eps) when grown on media containing xylose or enzymatic xylan hydrolysates. crude eps formation from xylose averaged 12 g/liter when initial culture ph was adjusted to 8.0 and total nitrogen was limited to 0.03%. purified eps from pentose and hexose substrates were analyzed for their monosaccharide, acetyl, and uronic acid components, intrinsic viscosities, and average molecular masses. differences were apparen ...	1992	16348800
relationship between transport of bacteria and their clogging efficiency in sand columns.	in an earlier article, we reported that, under conditions in which neither exopolymers nor bacterial mats were produced, arthrobacter sp. strain ak19 was an effective plugging agent in sand columns, whereas the bacterial strain sli had no significant effect on the permeability of the medium. a laboratory experiment with sand columns was carried out to elucidate the causes of this difference in behavior. measured values of the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the sand were explained in terms o ...	1992	16348753
competition for ammonium between nitrifying and heterotrophic bacteria in continuously percolated soil columns.	although the absence of nitrate formation in grassland soils rich in organic matter has often been reported, low numbers of nitrifying bacteria are still found in these soils. to obtain more insight into these observations, we studied the competition for limiting amounts of ammonium between the chemolithotrophic ammonium-oxidizing species nitrosomonas europaea and the heterotrophic species arthrobacter globiformis in the presence of nitrobacter winogradskyi with soil columns containing calcareou ...	1992	16348787
scanning electron and light microscopic study of microbial succession on bethlehem st. nectaire cheese.	st. nectaire cheese is a semisoft cheese of french origin that, along with brie and camembert cheeses, belongs to the class of surface mold-ripened cheese. the surface microorganisms that develop on the cheese rind during ripening impart a distinctive aroma and flavor to this class of cheese. we have documented the sequential appearance of microorganisms on the cheese rind and in the curd over a 60-day ripening period. scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the development of surface ...	1992	16348797
structural study of cell wall mannan of a candida albicans (serotype a) strain.	the structure of the mannan of candida albicans nih a-207 strain (serotype a) was investigated by adopting mild acetolysis followed by enzymolysis with an arthrobacter gjm-1 exo-alpha-mannosidase. the resultant oligosaccharides, from pentaose to octaose (where manp = d-mannopyranose), were identified as manp beta (1----2)manp alpha (1----2)manp alpha (1----2)manp alpha (1----2)manp, manp beta (1----2)manp beta (1----2)manp alpha (1----2)manp alpha (1----2)- manp alpha (1----2)manp, manp beta (1- ...	1992	1368047
multi-recognition capability of e-selectin in a dynamic flow system, as evidenced by differential effects of sialidases and anti-carbohydrate antibodies on selectin-mediated cell adhesion at low vs. high wall shear stress: a preliminary note.	e-selectin has a "multi-recognition" capability in terms of epitope binding specificity, depending on adhesion conditions (static vs. low- or high-shear stress dynamic systems). specifically, (i) adhesion based on expression of alpha 2-->3 sialylated le(x) (sle(x)) is prominent under static or low shear stress dynamic conditions; (ii) adhesion under high shear stress dynamic conditions does not depend on the known sle(x) species, but rather on lex with an adjacent unidentified sialosyl substitut ...	1992	1282810
whipple's disease, familial mediterranean fever, adult-onset still's disease, and enteropathic arthritis.	whipple's disease is a rare multisystem disorder of infectious etiology. efforts to culture the responsible organism have been unsuccessful. nucleotide sequencing and amplification of bacterial 16s ribosomal dna revealed the organism to be most similar to bacteria of the rhodococcus, streptomyces, and arthrobacter genera. several clinical studies of the long-term use of colchicine for the treatment of familial mediterranean fever demonstrate its utility for symptom control and prevention of comp ...	1992	1380277
screening of whole-cell immobilization procedures for the delta 1-dehydrogenation of steroids in organic medium.	different whole-cell immobilization methods and conditions were tested for the delta 1-dehydrogenation of 6-alpha-methyl-hydrocortisone-21-acetate with arthrobacter simplex cells, in n-decane-1-ol and chloroform. among the entrapment methods, polyurethane foams gave the best productivity of n-decane-1-ol, but could not be used in chloroform. partition and diffusional barriers appeared to be the factors limiting productivity in entrapped-cell systems. the coentrapment of enzyme-stabilizing (glyce ...	1992	1368890
inhibition of development of kaposi's sarcoma-related lesions by a bacterial cell wall complex.	in vitro and in vivo model systems for the study of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks) were used to evaluate compounds for their potential as therapeutic agents. a sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan compound (sp-pg) produced by bacteria controlled the in vitro growth of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-associated, ks-derived spindle-shaped cells (aids-ks cells) at noncytotoxic concentrations. angiogenesis induced by aids-ks cells in the chicken chorio ...	1992	1371891
acsi, a new restriction endonuclease from arthrobacter citreus 310 recognizing 5'-pu decreases aattpy-3'.		1992	1322532
structure of the d-mannan of the pathogenic yeast, candida stellatoidea atcc 20408 (type ii) strain, in comparison with that of c. stellatoidea atcc 36232 (type i) strain.	acid treatment of the cell-wall d-mannas of candida stellatoidea strains atcc 36232 (type i, a3 strain) and atcc 20408 (type ii, a2 strain) gave (1----2)-linked beta-d-manno-oligosaccharides (dp 2-5), whereas treatment with alkali gave the (1----2)-linked alpha-d-mannobiose. conventional acetolysis of the acid- and alkali-treated d-mannan of the a3 strain gave oligosaccharides consisting of (1----2)- and (1----3)-linked alpha-d-mannopyranose residues, similar to those of candida albicans serotyp ...	1992	1394307
crystal structure analysis, refinement and enzymatic reaction mechanism of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp. at 2.0 a resolution.	n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp., a tetramer of polypeptides with 264 amino acid residues each, has been crystallized and its structure solved and refined at 2.0 a resolution, to a crystallographic r-factor of 18.6%. the crystals employed in the analysis contain one tetramer of 116,000 m(r) in the asymmetric unit. the structure determination proceeded by multiple isomorphous replacement, followed by solvent-flattening and density averaging about the local diads within th ...	1992	1381445
effects of the membrane action of tetralin on the functional and structural properties of artificial and bacterial membranes.	tetralin is toxic to bacterial cells at concentrations below 100 mumol/liter. to assess the inhibitory action of tetralin on bacterial membranes, a membrane model system, consisting of proteoliposomes in which beef heart cytochrome c oxidase was reconstituted as the proton motive force-generating mechanism, and several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were studied. because of its hydrophobicity, tetralin partitioned into lipid membranes preferentially (lipid/buffer partition coefficient ...	1992	1314806
epimerization of reducing terminal groups of (1----2)-linked d-gluco- and d-manno-disaccharides in aqueous sodium hydroxide.		1992	1394294
structure of the n- and o-glycans of the a-chain of human plasma alpha 2hs-glycoprotein as deduced from the chemical compositions of the derivatives prepared by stepwise degradation with exoglycosidases.	the structure of the glycans of the a-chain of human plasma alpha 2hs-glycoprotein was established from the chemical compositions of its derivatives prepared by sequential enzymatic degradation of the carbohydrate moiety, from the determination of the kind and amount of the monosaccharides liberated after each step of the enzymatic digestion, and from the distinct specificity of the highly purified exoglycosidases. the exoglycosidases were three sialidases (vibrio cholerae, fowl plague virus, an ...	1992	1457416
anomeric specificity of d-xylose isomerase.	crystal structures of complexes of d-xylose isomerase with deoxysugars have been determined. deoxynojirimycin is a structural analogue of alpha-pyranose and mimics the binding of these aldose substrates. the structure of this complex supports the hypothesis that an imidazole group catalyzes ring opening of the pyranose. the steric restrictions in the active site of the enzyme prevent a beta-pyranose from binding in the same way. for the reverse reaction with ketoses, the anomeric specificity is ...	1992	1457418
stability of arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase to denaturants and heat.	there was no inactivation of mg(2+)-containing arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase up to 1 h in 0-8 m-urea at 22 degrees c, but over this range there was rapid reversible dissociation into fully active dimers with a midpoint around 4 m-urea, as shown by gradient urea gels with an activity stain, and by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration in urea buffers. these dimers must have the a-b* conformation, since the tetramer could dissociate into a-a, a-b or a-b dimer conformations, but only r ...	1992	1497626
chemotaxonomic differentiation of coryneform bacteria isolated from biofilters.	coryneform bacteria that were isolated from biofilters which are used for waste gas treatment of animal-rendering plant emissions were differentiated and partially identified by using chemotaxonomic methods. on the basis of the results of a numerical analysis of whole-cell fatty acid profiles, 79 isolates were divided into two major groups; the members of the first group contained saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, whereas the members of the second group were characterized by iso- and an ...	1992	1503976
biosynthesis of a nonphysiological sialic acid in different rat organs, using n-propanoyl-d-hexosamines as precursors.	in this study it could be shown that in rat the normally occurring n-acetyl neuraminic acid can be modified in its n-acyl moiety by in vivo administration of the chemically synthesized n-propanoyl precursors, n-propanoyl-d-glucosamine or n-propanoyl-d-mannosamine. it could be shown that each of these nonphysiological amino sugar analogues was incorporated into both membrane and serum glycoproteins. after treatment of rats with radiolabeled n-[acyl-1-14c]d-mannosamine, radioactivity could be remo ...	1992	1512235
[plasmids for biodegradation of 2,6-dimethylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, and pyridine in strains of arthrobacter].	arthrobacter crysallopoietes strain km-4 degrading 2,6-dimethylpyridine and strain km-4a degrading both 2,6-dimethylpyridine and pyridine, arthrobacter sp. km-4b degrading 2,4-dimethylpyridine were isolated from soil. arthrobacter crystallopoietes km-4 and arthrobacter sp. km-4b contain 100 md plasmids pbs320 and pbs323. arthrobacter crystallopietes km-4a harbours a 100 md and 80 md plasmids. plasmid curing and conjugation transfer results confirm that these plasmids are involved in degradation ...	1992	1454076
siderophores and related outer membrane proteins produced by pseudomonads isolated from eels and freshwater.	a total of 46 environmental pseudomonads, together with six type strains, were examined for their siderophore-producing activity. all strains were able to grow under iron-limiting conditions, gave orange halos in the cas agar assay, and produced hydroxamates, and some of them also produced phenolate-type compounds. bioassays showed that all strains, except pseudomonas aeruginosa, promoted growth of mutant strain arthrobacter flavescens jg-9, deficient in hydroxamate production, and some of them ...	1992	1459416
application of a microbial sensor for determination of short-chain fatty acids in raw milk samples.	a microbial sensor system, based on the use of immobilized arthrobacter nicotiana and an oxygen electrode, was applied to determine free short-chain fatty acids in raw milk samples and the result was compared with gas chromatography (gc) and a titrimetric method. the sensor response was linearly related to the concentration of short-chain fatty acids obtained by gc (n = 10, r = 0.92) and to the total concentration of free fatty acids obtained by titrimetric measurement (n = 10, r = 0.78). this r ...	1992	1502853
indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) production by arthrobacter species isolated from azolla.	arthrobacter species, isolated from the leaf cavities and the microsporocarps of the aquatic fern species azolla pinnata and azolla filiculoides, produced indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in culture when the precursor tryptophan was added to the medium. no iaa production was detected in the absence of tryptophan. maximum iaa formation was obtained in the first 2 d of incubation. part of the tryptophan was transformed to n alpha-acetyl-l-tryptophan.	1992	1564446