Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| arthrobacter koreensis sp. nov., a novel alkalitolerant bacterium from soil. | two arthrobacter strains, ca15-8(t) and ca15-9, were isolated from soil, under alkali conditions, and characterized phenotypically, chemotaxonomically and genetically. these alkalitolerant organisms grew over a wide ph range (ph 7.0-12.0), with an optimum at ph 7.0-8.0. the mean g+c content of the dna of these strains was 63+/-2 mol%. the strains contained mk-8(h(2)) and mk-9(h(2)) as the main respiratory quinones. the cell-wall peptidoglycan was lys-thr-ala(2) and the whole-cell sugar was rhamn ... | 2003 | 13130006 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of inorganic polyphosphate/atp-glucomannokinase from arthrobacter sp. strain km. | inorganic polyphosphate [poly(p)]/atp-glucomannokinase from arthrobacter sp. strain km phosphorylates glucose and mannose, utilizing both atp and poly(p) as phosphoryl donors. the enzyme was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified and crystallized by means of the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method with ammonium sulfate as the precipitant. the crystals were orthorhombic and belonged to space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 66.2, b = 83.7, c = 103.8 a. assuming two molecul ... | 2003 | 12925806 |
| cold adaptation of a psychrophilic chitinase: a mutagenesis study. | the gene encoding chitinase archib from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. tad20 has been expressed in escherichia coli and the recombinant enzyme purified to homogeneity. in an effort to engineer cold-adapted biocatalysts through rational redesign to operate at elevated temperatures, we performed several mutations aiming to increase the rigidity of the molecular edifice of the selected psychrophilic chitinase. the mutations were designed on the basis of a homology-based three-dimensional model of t ... | 2003 | 12915727 |
| oligosaccharides and derivatives--integrating biocatalyst selectivity and chemical diversity. | several biocatalytic pathways are available to synthesize rare sugars, oligosaccharides and derivatives. as examples selective hydrolysis, transglycosylation and regioselective oxidation are presented illustrating their potential. from inulin, difructose anhydrides and inulobiose are accessible via specific hydrolases with transglycosylation activity. glycosyltransferases of the sucrase type utilise sucrose as a versatile substrate for the selective transfer of either glucosyl- or fructosyl unit ... | 2003 | 15296178 |
| biodegradation of maya crude oil fractions by bacterial strains and a defined mixed culture isolated from cyperus laxus rhizosphere soil in a contaminated site. | ten bacterial strains were isolated by enrichment culture, using as carbon sources either aliphatics or an aromatic-polar mixture. oxygen uptake rate was used as a criterion to determine culture transfer timing at each enrichment stage. biodegradation of aliphatics (10,000 mg l(-1)) and an aromatic-polar mixture (5000 mg l(-1), 2:1) was evaluated for each of the bacterial strains and for a defined culture made up with a standardized mixture of the isolated strains. degradation of total hydrocarb ... | 2003 | 15162200 |
| stereochemistry of 2-phenylethylamine oxidation catalyzed by bacterial copper amine oxidase. | the stereochemical course of the reaction catalyzed by a copper amine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis has been investigated using 2-phenylethylamine stereospecifically deuterium-labeled at the c1 position. measurements of deuterium content in the product, phenylacetaldehyde, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed stereospecific abstraction of the pro-s hydrogen during the enzymatic oxidation, as predicted from the structure modeling for the enzyme-bound substrate. | 2003 | 14730151 |
| [a new aerobic gram-positive bacterium with a unique ability to degrade ortho- and para-chlorinated biphenyls]. | strain b51 capable of degrading polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) was isolated from soil contaminated with wastes from the chemical industry. based on its morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the strain was identified as a microbacterium sp. experiments with washed cells showed that strain b51 is able to degrade ortho- and para-substituted mono-, di-, and trichlorinated biphenyls (mcb, dcb, and tcb, respectively). unlike the known pcb degraders, microbacterium sp. b51 is able to oxidi ... | 2003 | 14768541 |
| microbial synthesis of (r)- and (s)-3,4-dimethoxyamphetamines through stereoselective transamination. | two soil isolates, arthrobactersp. knk168 and pseudomonas sp. knk425, aminated 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetone in presence of sec-butylamine as an amino donor to yield 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine (dma) with different enantioselectivities. the former gave (r)-dma (>99% e.e.) and the latter the (s)-isomer (>99% e.e.). | 2003 | 14677709 |
| the crystal structure of pichia pastoris lysyl oxidase. | pichia pastoris lysyl oxidase (pplo) is unique among the structurally characterized copper amine oxidases in being able to oxidize the side chain of lysine residues in polypeptides. remarkably, the yeast pplo is nearly as effective in oxidizing a mammalian tropoelastin substrate as is a true mammalian lysyl oxidase isolated from bovine aorta. thus, pplo is functionally related to the copper-containing lysyl oxidases despite the lack of any significant sequence similarity with these enzymes. the ... | 2003 | 14690425 |
| spectroscopic and kinetic properties of recombinant choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. | choline oxidase catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine betaine, with molecular oxygen acting as primary electron acceptor. recently, the recombinant enzyme expressed in escherichia coli was purified to homogeneity and shown to contain fad in a mixture of oxidized and anionic semiquinone redox states [fan et al. (2003) arch. biochem. biophys., in press]. in this study, methods have been devised to convert the enzyme-bound flavin semiquinone to oxidized fad and vice versa, all ... | 2003 | 14690428 |
| evaluation of broiler litter with reference to the microbial composition as assessed by using 16s rrna and functional gene markers. | very little is known about the microbial composition of animal bedding wastes, including poultry litter, and what is known has been deduced from standard culture methods, by which some fastidious organisms that exist in the environment may not be detected. we evaluated the bacterial composition of poultry litter by using a combination of culture and molecular detection. total aerobic bacteria in poultry litter were detected by culture at 10(9) cfu/g of material. enteric bacteria such as enteroco ... | 2003 | 12571010 |
| characterization of the 4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate aldolase gene and operon structure of the protocatechuate 4,5-cleavage pathway genes in sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6. | the protocatechuate (pca) 4,5-cleavage pathway is the essential metabolic route for degradation of low-molecular-weight products derived from lignin by sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6. in the 10.5-kb ecori fragment carrying the genes for pca 4,5-dioxygenase (ligab), 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate hydrolase (ligi), 4-oxalomesaconate hydratase (ligj), and a part of 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate-6-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ligc), we found the ligk gene, which encodes 4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate (c ... | 2003 | 12486039 |
| mrna differential display in a microbial enrichment culture: simultaneous identification of three cyclohexanone monooxygenases from three species. | mrna differential display has been used to identify cyclohexanone oxidation genes in a mixed microbial community derived from a wastewater bioreactor. thirteen dna fragments randomly amplified from the total rna of an enrichment subculture exposed to cyclohexanone corresponded to genes predicted to be involved in the degradation of cyclohexanone. nine of these dna fragments are part of genes encoding three distinct baeyer-villiger cyclohexanone monooxygenases from three different bacterial speci ... | 2003 | 12514013 |
| role of copper ion in bacterial copper amine oxidase: spectroscopic and crystallographic studies of metal-substituted enzymes. | the role of the active site cu(2+) of phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis (agao) has been studied by substitution with other divalent cations, where we were able to remove >99.5% of cu(2+) from the active site. the enzymes reconstituted with co(2+) and ni(2+) (co- and ni-agao) exhibited 2.2 and 0.9% activities, respectively, of the original cu(2+)-enzyme (cu-agao), but their k(m) values for amine substrate and dioxygen were comparable. x-ray crystal structures of the co- and n ... | 2003 | 12537504 |
| microbial diversity and resistance to copper in metal-contaminated lake sediment. | contamination of habitats with heavy metals has become a worldwide problem. we describe herein the analysis of lake sediment contaminated with high concentrations of copper as a consequence of mine milling disposal over a 100-year period. copper concentrations in the sediment were found to vary with depth and ranged from 200 to 5500 ppm. analysis of the microbial community with t-rflp identified a minimum of 20 operational taxonomic units (otu). t-rflp analysis along a depth profile detected as ... | 2003 | 12545313 |
| chemoenzymatic synthesis of high-mannose type hiv-1 gp120 glycopeptides. | a chemoenzymatic approach to the synthesis of glycoforms of hiv-1 gp120 glycopeptides is described. thus, the high-mannose type glycopeptides [gp120 (336-342)] containing man(9), man(6) and man(5) moieties, respectively, were synthesized in satisfactory yields via transglycosylation to the acetylglucosaminyl peptide, using the recombinant arthrobacter endo-beta-n-acetyl-glucosaminidase (endo-a) as the key enzyme. | 2003 | 12565922 |
| arthrobacter strain vai-a utilizes acyl-homoserine lactone inactivation products and stimulates quorum signal biodegradation by variovorax paradoxus. | many proteobacteria produce acyl-homoserine lactones (acyl-hsls) and employ them as dedicated cell-to-cell signals in a process known as quorum sensing. previously, variovorax paradoxus vai-c was shown to utilize diverse acyl-hsls as sole sources of energy and nitrogen. we describe here the properties of a second isolate, arthrobacter strain vai-a, obtained from the same enrichment culture that yielded v. paradoxus vai-c. although strain vai-a grew rapidly and exponentially on a number of substr ... | 2003 | 12571011 |
| 4-nitrocatechol as a probe of a mn(ii)-dependent extradiol-cleaving catechol dioxygenase (mndd): comparison with relevant fe(ii) and mn(ii) model complexes. | mn(ii)-dependent 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase (mndd) is an extradiol-cleaving catechol dioxygenase from arthrobacter globiformis that has 82% sequence identity to and cleaves the same substrate (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) as fe(ii)-dependent 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase (hpcd) from brevibacterium fuscum. we have observed that mndd binds the chromophoric 4-nitrocatechol (4-nch(2)) substrate as a dianion and cleaves it extremely slowly, in contrast to the fe(ii)-de ... | 2003 | 12589562 |
| sequence of the 165-kilobase catabolic plasmid pao1 from arthrobacter nicotinovorans and identification of a pao1-dependent nicotine uptake system. | the 165-kb catabolic plasmid pao1 enables the gram-positive soil bacterium arthrobacter nicotinovorans to grow on the tobacco alkaloid l-nicotine. the 165,137-nucleotide sequence, with an overall g+c content of 59.7%, revealed, besides genes and open reading frames (orfs) for nicotine degradation, a complete set of orfs for enzymes essential for the biosynthesis of the molybdenum dinucleotide cofactor, as well as orfs related to uptake and utilization of carbohydrates, sarcosine, and amino acids ... | 2003 | 12618462 |
| respiration of 13c-labeled substrates added to soil in the field and subsequent 16s rrna gene analysis of 13c-labeled soil dna. | our goal was to develop a field soil biodegradation assay using (13)c-labeled compounds and identify the active microorganisms by analyzing 16s rrna genes in soil-derived (13)c-labeled dna. our biodegradation approach sought to minimize microbiological artifacts caused by physical and/or nutritional disturbance of soil associated with sampling and laboratory incubation. the new field-based assay involved the release of (13)c-labeled compounds (glucose, phenol, caffeine, and naphthalene) to soil ... | 2003 | 12620850 |
| predominant bacillus spp. in agricultural soil under different management regimes detected via pcr-dgge. | a pcr system for studying the diversity of species of bacillus and related taxa directly from soil was developed. for this purpose, a specific 24-bp forward primer located around position 110 of the 16s ribosomal rna gene was designed and combined with a reverse bacterial primer located at the end of the gene. the specificity of this pcr system for bacilli and related taxons was confirmed on the basis of tests with diverse strains as well as with soil dna. analysis of a soil dna derived clone li ... | 2003 | 12632212 |
| kinetic mechanism of choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. | choline oxidase catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine-betaine, with betaine-aldehyde as intermediate and molecular oxygen as primary electron acceptor. the enzyme is capable of accepting betaine-aldehyde as a substrate, allowing the investigation of the reaction mechanism for both the conversion of choline to the aldehyde intermediate and of betaine-aldehyde to glycine-betaine. the steady state kinetic mechanism has been determined at ph 7 with choline and betaine-aldehyde ... | 2003 | 12637017 |
| proteolytic activity of a yeast cell wall lytic arthrobacter species. | to investigate properties of the proteolytic activity of a yeast cell wall lytic soil bacterium identified as an arthrobacter species. | 2003 | 12641716 |
| process for producing the potential food ingredient dfa iii from inulin: screening, genetic engineering, fermentation and immobilisation of inulase ii. | difructose anhydride (dfa iii) is a new potential sweet food additive. a screening was undertaken to isolate bacterial strains for conversion of inulin to dfa. of special interest were thermotolerant enzymes. some 400 strains were investigated, among four of them produce dfa and strain buo141 expresses an extracellular enzyme which is stable at elevated temperatures. based on metabolic data and 16s-rrna-sequencing, the strain was identified as a new arthrobacter species. for increased enzyme pro ... | 2003 | 12695027 |
| levan fructotransferase from arthrobacter oxydans j17-21 catalyzes the formation of the di-d-fructose dianhydride iv from levan. | a new levan fructotransferase (lftase) isolated from arthrobacter oxydans j17-21 was characterized for the production of difructose dianhydride iv (dfa iv). lftase was purified to apparent homogeneity by q-sepharose ion exchange chromatography, mono-q hr 5/5 column chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography. the enzyme had an apparent molecular mass of 54000 da. the optimum ph for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction was ph 6.5, and the optimum temperature was observed at 45 degrees c. the lftas ... | 2003 | 12696949 |
| [the 1(2)-dehydrogenation of steroid substrates by nocardioides simplex vkm ac-2033d]. | the bacterium formerly known as arthrobacter globiformis 193 has high 1(2)-dehydrogenase activity toward pharmaceutically important steroids, 9(11)-dehydrocortexolone in particular. the complex analysis of the morphostructural, physiological, biochemical, and phylogenetic properties of this bacterium allowed us to reclassify it into nocardioides simplex (n. simplex vkm ac-2033d). | 2003 | 12698789 |
| metal resistance among aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacteria from the deep terrestrial subsurface. | the metal resistance of 350 subsurface bacterial strains from two u.s. department of energy facilities, the savannah river site (srs), south carolina, and the hanford site, washington, was determined to assess the effect of metal toxicity on microorganisms in the deep terrestrial subsurface. resistance was measured by growth inhibition around discs containing optimized amounts of hg(ii), pb(ii), and cr(vi). a broad range of resistance levels was observed, with some strains of arthrobacter spp. d ... | 2003 | 12718404 |
| isolation and characterization of an atrazine-degrading bacterium from industrial wastewater in china. | to isolate and characterize atrazine-degrading bacteria in order to identify suitable candidates for potential use in bioremediation of atrazine contamination. | 2003 | 12680937 |
| gene cluster of arthrobacter ilicis ru61a involved in the degradation of quinaldine to anthranilate: characterization and functional expression of the quinaldine 4-oxidase qoxlms genes. | a genetic analysis of the anthranilate pathway of quinaldine degradation was performed. a 23-kb region of dna from arthrobacter ilicis rü61a was cloned into the cosmid pvk100. although escherichia coli clones containing the recombinant cosmid did not transform quinaldine, cosmids harboring the 23-kb region, or a 10.8-kb stretch of this region, conferred to pseudomonas putida kt2440 the ability to cometabolically convert quinaldine to anthranilate. the 10.8-kb fragment thus contains the genes cod ... | 2003 | 12730200 |
| characterization of the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coenzyme a thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. | the arthrobacter sp. strain su 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) dehalogenation pathway converts 4-cba to 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-hba). the pathway operon contains the genes fcba, fcbb, and fcbc (a. schmitz, k. h. gartemann, j. fiedler, e. grund, and r. eichenlaub, appl. environ. microbiol. 58:4068-4071, 1992). genes fcba and fcbb encode 4-cba-coenzyme a (coa) ligase and 4-cba-coa dehalogenase, respectively, whereas the function of fcbc is not known. we subcloned fcbc and expressed it in escherichia coli, a ... | 2003 | 12732540 |
| [the effect of sulfur on the hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria of different genera growth]. | 2003 | 12751253 | |
| d-arginase of arthrobacter sp. kuj 8602: characterization and its identity with zn(2+)-guanidinobutyrase. | d-arginase activity was found in the cells of an isolate, arthrobacter sp. kuj 8602, grown in the l-arginine medium, and the enzyme was purified and characterized. its molecular weight was estimated to be about 232,000 by gel filtration, and that of the subunit was approximately 40,000 by sds-page, suggesting that the enzyme is a homohexamer. the enzyme acted on not only d-arginine but also 4-guanidinobutyrate, 3-guanidinopropionate and even l-arginine. the v(max)/k(m) values for 4-guanidinobuty ... | 2003 | 12761196 |
| a set of glycoproteins recognized by a2b5 antibody with major bands at 55 and 76 kda is overexpressed in human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. | a2b5 antibody was found to strongly label frozen sections of human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. the low amount of glycolipids (c-series gangliosides and sulfatides) purified from the same tumors and reactive with a2b5 by immunostaining on thin-layer plates could not account for the high level of tissue labeling. proteins were extracted from both normal tissues and squamous cell carcinomas and analyzed by western blot with a2b5 antibody on pvdf membranes. the antibody was found to stai ... | 2003 | 12770779 |
| ahld, an n-acylhomoserine lactonase in arthrobacter sp., and predicted homologues in other bacteria. | quorum sensing is a signalling mechanism that controls diverse biological functions, including virulence, via n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) signal molecules in gram-negative bacteria. with the aim of isolating strains or enzymes capable of blocking quorum sensing by inactivating ahl, bacteria were screened for ahl degradation by their ability to utilize n-3-oxohexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (ohhl) as the sole carbon source. among four isolates, strain ibn110, identified as arthrobacter sp., was ... | 2003 | 12777494 |
| toxicity of hexavalent chromium and its reduction by bacteria isolated from soil contaminated with tannery waste. | an arthrobacter sp. and a bacillus sp., isolated from a long-term tannery waste contaminated soil, were examined for their tolerance to hexavalent chromium [cr(vi)] and their ability to reduce cr(vi) to cr(iii), a detoxification process in cell suspensions and cell extracts. both bacteria tolerated cr(vi) at 100 mg/ml on a minimal salts agar medium supplemented with 0.5% glucose, but only arthrobacter could grow in liquid medium at this concentration. arthrobacter sp. could reduce cr(vi) up to 5 ... | 2003 | 12783193 |
| structural characterization and mapping of the covalently linked fad cofactor in choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. | the flavoenzyme choline oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of choline and betaine aldehyde to betaine. earlier studies have shown that the choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis contains fad covalently linked to a histidine residue. to identify the exact type of flavin binding, the fad-carrying amino acid residue was released by acid hydrolysis. the fluorescence excitation maxima of the isolated aminoacylriboflavin, showing a hypsochromic shift of the near-ultraviolet band relative to ribofl ... | 2003 | 12795615 |
| members of the genus arthrobacter grow anaerobically using nitrate ammonification and fermentative processes: anaerobic adaptation of aerobic bacteria abundant in soil. | members of the genus arthrobacter are usually regarded as obligate aerobic bacteria. the anaerobic growth and energy metabolism of two arthrobacter species were investigated. arthrobacter globiformis utilized both nitrate ammonification and lactate, acetate and ethanol producing fermentation processes for anaerobic growth. only nitrate supported anaerobic growth of arthrobacter nicotianae. anaerobically induced respiratory nitrate reductase activity was detected in both strains. neither of the t ... | 2003 | 12829291 |
| characterization and molecular cloning of a novel enzyme, inorganic polyphosphate/atp-glucomannokinase, of arthrobacter sp. strain km. | a bacterium exhibiting activities of several inorganic polyphosphate [poly(p)]- and atp-dependent kinases, including glucokinase, nad kinase, mannokinase, and fructokinase, was isolated, determined to belong to the genus arthrobacter, and designated arthrobacter sp. strain km. among the kinases, a novel enzyme responsible for the poly(p)- and atp-dependent mannokinase activities was purified 2,200-fold to homogeneity from a cell extract of the bacterium. the purified enzyme was a monomer with a ... | 2003 | 12839753 |
| catabolism of arylboronic acids by arthrobacter nicotinovorans strain pba. | arthrobacter sp. strain pba metabolized phenylboronic acid to phenol. the oxygen atom in phenol was shown to be derived from the atmosphere using (18)o(2). 1-naphthalene-, 2-naphthalene-, 3-cyanophenyl-, 2,5-fluorophenyl-, and 3-thiophene-boronic acids were also transformed to monooxygenated products. the oxygen atom in the product was bonded to the ring carbon atom originally bearing the boronic acid substituent with all the substrates tested. | 2003 | 12839810 |
| gold electrodes wired for coupling with the deeply buried active site of arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase. | diethylaniline-terminated oligo(phenyl-ethynyl)-thiol (dea-ope-sh) wires on au-bead electrodes facilitate electron tunneling to and from the deeply buried topaquinone (tpq) cofactor in arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao). reversible cyclic voltammograms were observed when agao was adsorbed onto this dea-ope-sau surface: the 2e-/2h+ reduction potential is -140 mv versus sce. | 2003 | 12797771 |
| a calorimetric characterization of cr(vi)-reducing arthrobacter oxydans at different phases of the cell growth cycle. | this is the first of a series of calorimetric studies designed to characterize and understand survival mechanisms of metal-reducing bacteria isolated from metal-polluted environments. in this paper we introduce a new concept of thermal spectrum of the endothermic melting of complex biological systems (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, ribosomes, membrane structures) in intact cells. all thermal spectra measured are thermograms that describe the temperature dependence of heat capacity change of the ... | 2003 | 12806104 |
| naphthalene-utilizing and mercury-resistant bacteria isolated from an acidic environment. | soil samples were taken from areas of low ph (2.5-3.5) surrounding an outdoor coal storage pile. these samples were added to medium with naphthalene as the sole carbon source to enrich for organisms capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) at low ph. five such bacterial strains were isolated. sequencing of the 16s rdna showed them to be members of the genera clavibacter, arthrobacter and acidocella. these organisms were all capable of growth with naphthalene as a sole carbon s ... | 2003 | 12827325 |
| a novel enzyme, d-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase from paracoccus denitrificans ifo 13301: purification, characterization, and gene cloning. | a novel enzyme, d-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase (d-haa), catalyzing the conversion of d-3-hydroxyaspartate to glyoxylate plus glycine, was purified to homogeneity from paracoccus denitrificans ifo 13301. d-haa is strictly d-specific as to the alpha-position, whereas the enzyme does not distinguish between threo and erythro forms at the beta-position. in addition to d-3-hydroxyaspartate, the enzyme also acts on d-threonine, d-3-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine, d-3-3,4-methylenedioxyphenylserine, and d-3- ... | 2003 | 12835921 |
| mode of action and antifungal properties of two cold-adapted chitinases. | the mode of action of two chitinases from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. strain tad20 on n-acetyl-chitooligomers and chitin polymers has been elucidated. identification of the length of chitin oligomers following enzymatic hydrolysis was verified by using hplc-based analysis. it was observed that the length of the oligomer is important for enzyme action. the enzymes cannot effectively hydrolyze chitin oligomers with a degree of polymerization lower than four. archia is an endochitinase which hyd ... | 2003 | 12884086 |
| purification and properties of a heat-stable inulin fructotransferase from arthrobacter ureafaciens. | an inulin fructotransferase producing difructose dianhydride i (ec 2.4.1.200) was purified from arthrobacter ureafaciens a51-1. it had maximum activity at ph 5.5 and 45 degrees c, and was stable up to 80 degrees c. this is the highest thermal stability for this enzyme reported to date. the molecular mass was estimated to be 38000 by sds-page, and 61000 by gel filtration. it was therefore estimated to be a dimer. | 2003 | 12889813 |
| isolation and characterization of psychrophiles producing cold-active beta-galactosidase. | the present study was conducted to screen for psychrophilic micro-organisms that are able to hydrolyse lactose at low temperature, and to examine the cold-active beta-galactosidase produced by the isolated psychrophilic micro-organisms. | 2003 | 12859659 |
| channelling and formation of 'active' formaldehyde in dimethylglycine oxidase. | here we report crystal structures of dimethylglycine oxidase (dmgo) from the bacterium arthrobacter globiformis, a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of n,n-dimethyl glycine and the formation of 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. the n-terminal region binds fad covalently and oxidizes dimethylglycine to a labile iminium intermediate. the c-terminal region binds tetrahydrofolate, comprises three domains arranged in a ring-like structure and is related to the t-protein of the glycine c ... | 2003 | 12912903 |
| [xylose(glucose) isomerase reactivity of immobilized arthrobacter sp]. | the study of the xylose/glucose isomerase-containing arthrobacter sp. b-5 cells immobilized in cobalt hydroxide gel showed that immobilization increases the substrate affinity of the enzyme, its thermo- and ph-optima of action and stability, and makes unnecessary the addition of stabilizing cobalt ions to the isomerization medium. | 2003 | 12901016 |
| the structure of 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coa thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. | the 4-chlorobenzoyl-coa dehalogenation pathway in certain arthrobacter and pseudomonas bacterial species contains three enzymes: a ligase, a dehalogenase, and a thioesterase. here we describe the high resolution x-ray crystallographic structure of the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coa thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. the tetrameric enzyme is a dimer of dimers with each subunit adopting the so-called "hot dog fold" composed of six strands of anti-parallel beta-sheet flanked on one side by a rathe ... | 2003 | 12907670 |
| [the existence of contamination in enzymes used for the isolation of aspergillus and candida species dna]. | molecular biological methods which are widely used in different fields, have been replaced with conventional diagnostic tests for the early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections, recently. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is one of these methods, with high specificity and sensitivity, which is accepted throughout the world. however, the enzymes that are used for the isolation of target dna, may be contaminated with the gene sequences of some other fungal species in the preparation steps and may ... | 2002 | 12652873 |
| [microbial destruction of harmful organic contaminants inherent to atmosphere of living space]. | the investigation into the microbial destruction of harmful organic contaminants in the air of habitable rooms was performed with the assumption that microorganisms have labile metabolism and synthesize inducible enzymes involved in transformation of organics compounds. based on our observations, methylobacterium d-08 and arthrobacter pastens are able to synthesize inducible enzymes and transform ethanol, acetic acid, acetone, and aldehyde. association of these microorganisms does not reveal acu ... | 2002 | 12572127 |
| transgenics of an elite indica rice variety pusa basmati 1 harbouring the coda gene are highly tolerant to salt stress. | transgenic lines of indica rice were generated by agrobacterium-mediated transformation with the choline oxidase ( coda) gene from arthrobacter globiformis. choline oxidase catalyses conversion of choline to glycine betaine. glycine betaine is known to provide tolerance against a variety of stresses. molecular analyses of seven independent transgenic lines as performed by southern, northern and western hybridization revealed integration and expression of the transgene as well as inheritance in t ... | 2002 | 12582870 |
| [studies on hydantoinase producing conditions of arthrobacter k1108]. | the hydantoinase-producing conditions from strain arthrobacter k1108 were investigated. it is shown that the hydantoinase in the strain is intracellular and inducible. its optimal inducer is 5-benzylhydantoin, while 5-indolylmethylhydantoin and 5-phenylhydantoin cannot induce the production of hydantoinase in k1108. a gratuitous inducer was designed, with which the hydantoinase production is 343% as much as that with 5-benzylhydantoin. the media for culturing the bacteria were screened and optim ... | 2002 | 12557399 |
| [the solubilization of four insoluble phosphates by some microorganisms]. | four insoluble phosphates of ferric phosphate (fe-p), aluminum phosphate (al-p), fluorapatite (fap) and rock phosphate (rp) were used as a sole phosphorus resource for some phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms. it was found that there was significant difference in solubilizing these phosphates by the tested isolates. the fungi normally were more powerful than the bacteria in dissolving the phsophates. the microorganisms generally solubilized more phosphate when supplied with no3- than with nh4+ ... | 2002 | 12557403 |
| simultaneous horizontal gene transfer of a gene coding for ribosomal protein l27 and operational genes in arthrobacter sp. | phylogenetic analysis of bacterial l27 ribosomal proteins showed that, against taxonomy, the l27 protein from the actinobacteria arthrobacter sp. clusters with protein sequences from the bacillus group. the l27 gene clusters in the arthrobacter sp. genome with six genes responsible for creatinine and sarcosine degradation. phylogenetic analyses of orthologue proteins encoded by three of these genes also showed a phylogenetic relationship with bacillus species. comparisons between the synonymous ... | 2002 | 12486522 |
| [mercury-resistant bacteria from permafrost sediments and prospects for their use in comparative studies of mercury resistance determinants]. | mercury-resistant bacteria were isolated from permafrost sediments of kolyma lowland and canada existing over five thousand to two million years. their content was shown to vary within the range 0.001-2.9% and to depend on the amount of mercury in sampling sites (coefficient of correlation 0.75). a collection of mercury-resistant bacterial strains was created. in this collection, various representatives of both gram-positive bacteria (bacillus, exiguobacterium, micrococcus, arthrobacter) and gra ... | 2002 | 12500685 |
| exposure to airborne microorganisms and endotoxin in a potato processing plant. | microbiological air sampling was performed in a big potato processing plant located in eastern poland. air samples for determination of concentrations of microorganisms, dust and endotoxin were collected at 6 sites in the division producing potato flakes and meal from dried potato pulp and at 2 sites in the division producing potato syrup from imported starch. the concentrations of total airborne microorganisms were within a range of 28.3-93.1 x 10(3) cfu/m(3). mesophilic bacteria were dominant ... | 2002 | 12498592 |
| novel reversible indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase catalyzing nonoxidative decarboxylation. | after enrichment culture with indole-3-carboxylate in static culture, a novel reversible decarboxylase, indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase, was found in arthrobacter nicotianae fi1612 and several molds. the enzyme reaction was examined in resting-cell reactions with a. nicotianae fi1612. the enzyme activity was induced specifically by indole-3-carboxylate, but not by indole. the indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase of a. nicotianae fi1612 catalyzed the nonoxidative decarboxylation of indole-3-carb ... | 2002 | 12506977 |
| isolation of arthrobacter strains on the basis of their cystite formation. | 2002 | 12469299 | |
| capillary electrophoresis of cr(vi) reducer arthrobacter oxydans. | rapid and effective separation of bacteria arthrobacter oxydans was performed using capillary electrophoresis. for optimal separation of bacteria the influence of buffer concentration, ph and applied voltage were studied. it was found that the most appropriate conditions for electrophoretic mobility measurements are as follows: applied voltage 6-14 kv; buffer concentration 5-10 mm ph 6-8. at the stationary phase of growth there are always two main heterogeneous peaks. they are connected with the ... | 2002 | 12210506 |
| exposure to airborne microorganisms in furniture factories. | microbiological air sampling was performed in 2 furniture factories located in eastern poland. in one factory furniture were made from fibreboards and chipboards while in the other from beech wood. it was found that the concentration of total microorganisms (bacteria + fungi) in the air of the facility using beech wood for furniture production (mean 10.7 x (3) cfu/m(3), range 3.3 27.5 x (3) cfu/m(3)) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) compared to microbial concentration in the facility using fi ... | 2002 | 12088403 |
| cultivation-dependent characterization of bacterial diversity from british columbia forest soils subjected to disturbance. | bacteria from forest surface organic matter and mineral soil horizons were cultivated using four methods and characterized by fatty acid methyl ester (fame) analysis. soil samples from a british columbia ministry of forests long-term soil productivity (ltsp) installation were collected during winter and summer from two disturbance treatments (whole-tree harvesting with no soil compaction (plot n) and whole-tree harvesting plus complete surface organic matter removal with heavy soil compaction (p ... | 2002 | 12224563 |
| bioremediation of an industrial effluent containing monocrotophos. | almost 30% of the precious agricultural output of india is lost owing to pest infestation. in india, pesticide consumption for protecting crops is about 3% of the total world consumption. monocrotophos (mcp), an organophosphorus insecticide, is widely used to control insects on crops. being readily water soluble and highly toxic, its removal from wastewater generated during manufacture becomes inevitable. bioremediation of wastewater containing mcp by arthrobacter atrocyaneus, bacillus megateriu ... | 2002 | 12232665 |
| the structure of l-hydantoinase from arthobacter aurescens leads to an understanding of dihydropyrimidinase substrate and enantio specificity. | l-hydantoinase from arthrobacter aurescens (l-hyd) is a member of the dihydropyrimidinases which in turn belong to the cyclic amidases. dihydropyrimidinases catalyze the reversible hydrolytic ring opening of dihydropyrimidines as the second step in the catabolism of pyrimidines. in biotechnology, their hydroloytic activity on five-membered cyclic diamides (hydantoins) is used in the enantio-specific production of amino acids from racemic hydantoins. l-hyd differs from most of the other dihydropy ... | 2002 | 12093275 |
| utilization of xylitol dehydrogenase in a combined microbial/enzymatic process for production of xylitol from d-glucose. | the production of xylitol from d-glucose occurs through a three-step process in which d-arabitol and d-xylulose are formed as the first and second intermediate product, respectively, and both are obtained via microbial bioconversion reactions. catalytic hydrogenation of d-xylulose yields xylitol; however, it is contaminated with d-arabitol. the aim of this study was to increase the stereoselectivity of the d-xylulose reduction step by using enzymatic catalysis. recombinant xylitol dehydrogenase ... | 2002 | 12018283 |
| [the role of low-molecular-weight nitrogen compounds in the osmotolerance of rhodococcus erythropolis and arthrobacter globiformis]. | investigations showed that rhodococcus erythropolis e-15 and arthrobacter globiformis 2f cells respond to osmotic shock by increasing the synthesis of free amino acids, primarily glutamic acid (80% of the intracellular free amino acid pool). the osmoprotective role of glutamic acid follows from its beneficial effect on the growth of bacteria in high-salinity media. it was found that the addition of this amino acid to the growth medium at a concentration of 2 mm shortened the lag phase and increa ... | 2002 | 12024813 |
| arthrobacter roseus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from an antarctic cyanobacterial mat sample. | strain cms 90rt, a red-pigmented bacterium, was isolated from a cyanobacterial mat sample from a pond located in mcmurdo, antarctica. based on its chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, strain cms 90r(t) was identified as a member of group i of arthrobacter. it shared 16s rdna similarity of 98% with arthrobacter oxydans atcc 14358t and arthrobacter polychromogenes atcc 15216t, while dna-dna similarities determined for these three organisms were less than 70%. it also differed from all 17 re ... | 2002 | 12054218 |
| x-ray snapshots of quinone cofactor biogenesis in bacterial copper amine oxidase. | the quinone cofactor tpq in copper amine oxidase is generated by posttranslational modification of an active site tyrosine residue. using x-ray crystallography, we have probed the copper-dependent autooxidation process of tpq in the enzyme from arthrobacter globiformis. apo enzyme crystals were anaerobically soaked with copper; the structure determined from this crystal provides a view of the initial state: the unmodified tyrosine coordinated to the bound copper. exposure of the copper-bound cry ... | 2002 | 12134140 |
| aari, a restriction endonuclease from arthrobacter aurescens ss2-322, which recognizes the novel non-palindromic sequence 5'-cacctgc(n)4/8-3'. | a new type ii restriction endonuclease aari has been isolated from arthrobacter aurescens ss2-322. aari recognizes the non-palindromic heptanucleotide sequence 5'-cacctgc(n)4/8-3' and makes a staggered cut at the fourth and eighth bases downstream of the target duplex producing a four base 5'-protruding end. aari activity is stimulated by oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes containing an enzyme-specific recognition sequence. | 2002 | 12409482 |
| optimization of protease activity of alkaliphilic bacteria isolated from an alkaline lake in india. | alkaliphilic bacteria belonging to the genera bacillus, staphylococcus, micrococcus, pseudomonas and arthrobacter isolated from sediment samples of the alkaline lonar lake situated in the buldhana district of maharashtra state, india, were studied for the production of protease activity. among the 54 isolates obtained, arthrobacter ramosus and bacillus alcalophilus exhibited high protease activity using soyacake as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. protease activity was optimum at 1% initial ... | 2002 | 12146649 |
| towards the development of selective amine oxidase inhibitors. mechanism-based inhibition of six copper containing amine oxidases. | four substrate analogs, 4-(2-naphthyloxy)-2-butyn-1-amine (1), 1,4-diamino-2-chloro-2-butene (2), 1,6-diamino-2,4-hexadiyne (3), and 2-chloro-5-phthalimidopentylamine (4) have been tested as inhibitors against mammalian, plant, bacterial, and fungal copper-containing amine oxidases: bovine plasma amine oxidase (bpao), equine plasma amine oxidase (epao), pea seedling amine oxidase (psao), arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao), escherichia coli amine oxidase (ecao), and pichia pastoris lys ... | 2002 | 12153561 |
| tolerance of bacteria to organic solvents. | organic-solvent-tolerant bacteria are a relatively novel group of extremophilic microorganisms. they overcome the toxic and destructive effects of organic solvents due to the presence of various adaptive mechanisms. extensive studies done on the toluene tolerance of certain pseudomonas strains have led to an understanding of the mechanisms of organic solvent tolerance involving novel adaptations such as the toluene efflux pumps, cis-trans isomerisation of membrane fatty acids, rapid membrane rep ... | 2002 | 12160316 |
| purification and characterization of aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. | aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase was purified to essentially homogeneity from putrescine-grown cells of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. the molecular weights of the enzyme and its subunit were 201,000 and 51,000, respectively, suggesting that the enzyme is a tetramer of identical subunits. the apparent michaelis constants (k(m)) for 4-aminobutyraldehyde, 3-aminopropionaldehyde and 4-guanidinobutyraldehyde were approximately 65, 150, and 85 microm, respectively. linear fatty aldehydes also tested were le ... | 2002 | 12186751 |
| biotransformation of phenylurea herbicides by a soil bacterial strain, arthrobacter sp. n2: structure, ecotoxicity and fate of diuron metabolite with soil fungi. | in order to assess the influence of the aromatic substitution on the ability of a soil bacterial strain, arthrobacter sp. n2, to degrade phenylurea herbicides, biotransformation assays were performed in mineral medium with resting cells of this soil bacterial strain on three phenylurea herbicides (diuron, chlorotoluron and isoproturon). each herbicide considered, led to the formation of only one metabolite detected by hplc analysis. after isolation, the metabolites were identified by nmr and ms, ... | 2002 | 11838430 |
| isolation, characterization and diuron transformation capacities of a bacterial strain arthrobacter sp. n2. | a bacterial strain able to transform diuron was isolated from a soil by enrichment procedures. strain isolation was realized by plating on minimal-agarose medium spread with this herbicide and selecting the colonies surrounded by a clear thin halo. one strain was characterized and identified as an arthrobacter sp. it metabolized diuron and the final transformation product, 3,4-dichloroaniline, was produced in stoichiometric amounts. the transformation of diuron at different concentrations was mo ... | 2002 | 11838431 |
| conversion of liposomal 4-androsten-3,17-dione by a. simplex immobilized cells in calcium pectate. | arthrobacter simplex atcc 6946 free and immobilized cells were assayed for their ability to convert 4-androsten-3,17-dione (ad) to 1,4-androstadien-3,17-dione (add) in aqueous and liposomal media. bioconversions were carried out in a 100 ml flask containing 25 ml of ad liposomal or aqueous medium for 3h, and ad concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 mm were tested. ad/add ratios in samples were determined by hplc. biotransformation of substrate entrapped in multilamellar vesicles (mlv) was demon ... | 2002 | 11867272 |
| arthrobacter nasiphocae sp. nov., from the common seal (phoca vitulina). | an unknown gram-positive, catalase-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the nasal cavities of two common seals. chemical analysis revealed the presence in the bacterium of a hitherto unknown cell-wall murein [type: l-lys-l-ala2-gly(2-3)-l-ala (gly)]. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing showed that the unidentified rod was related to the arthrobacter group of organisms, although sequence divergence values of >3% from established members of this genus indicated that ... | 2002 | 11931170 |
| arthrobacter aurescens tc1 metabolizes diverse s-triazine ring compounds. | arthrobacter aurescens strain tc1 was isolated without enrichment by plating atrazine-contaminated soil directly onto atrazine-clearing plates. a. aurescens tc1 grew in liquid medium with atrazine as the sole source of nitrogen, carbon, and energy, consuming up to 3,000 mg of atrazine per liter. a. aurescens tc1 is metabolically diverse and grew on a wider range of s-triazine compounds than any bacterium previously characterized. the 23 s-triazine substrates serving as the sole nitrogen source i ... | 2002 | 12450818 |
| response of furniture factory workers to work-related airborne allergens. | the aim of this work was to determine the reactivity of furniture factory workers to microbial allergens associated with wood dust. allergological examinations by skin and precipitin tests were performed in 48 workers employed in a factory producing furniture from fibreboards and chipboards, and in 32 healthy urban dwellers not exposed to organic dusts (referents). the skin test was performed by the intradermal method with the saline extracts of the cultures of 3 microbial species (rahnella sp., ... | 2002 | 12088404 |
| mechanistic aspects of the covalent flavoprotein dimethylglycine oxidase of arthrobacter globiformis studied by stopped-flow spectrophotometry. | dimethylglycine oxidase (dmgo) is a covalent flavoenzyme from arthrobacter globiformis that catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of dimethylglycine to yield sarcosine, formaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. stopped-flow and steady-state kinetic studies have been used to study the reductive and oxidative half-reactions using dimethylglycine and o2 as substrates. the reductive half-reaction is triphasic. the rate of the fast phase is dependent on substrate concentration, involves flavin reduction, ... | 2002 | 11926836 |
| the trans-anethole degradation pathway in an arthrobacter sp. | a bacterial strain (ta13) capable of utilizing t-anethole as the sole carbon source was isolated from soil. the strain was identified as arthrobacter aurescens based on its 16 s rrna gene sequence. key steps of the degradation pathway of t-anethole were identified by the use of t-anethole-blocked mutants and specific inducible enzymatic activities. in addition to t-anethole, strain ta13 is capable of utilizing anisic acid, anisaldehyde, and anisic alcohol as the sole carbon source. t-anethole-bl ... | 2002 | 11805095 |
| electron spin resonance study of copper biosorption by bacteria. | the biosorption of copper by bacteria was studied by using esr spectroscopy. among bacteria tested, arthrobacter nicotianae has the most excellent ability to sorb copper. the biosorption of copper by arthrobacter cells was so rapid, affected by the solution ph, and obeys the langmuir adsorption equilibrium. the electron spin resonance (esr) spectra of cu(ii) in bacterial cells are axial type, having a major absorption to higher field at gperpendicular and lesser absorption to lower field at gpar ... | 2002 | 12092584 |
| impact of protozoan grazing on bacterial community structure in soil microcosms. | the influence of grazing by a mixed assemblage of soil protozoa (seven flagellates and one amoeba) on bacterial community structure was studied in soil microcosms amended with a particulate resource (sterile wheat roots) or a soluble resource (a solution of various organic compounds). sterilized soil was reinoculated with mixed soil bacteria (obtained by filtering and dilution) or with bacteria and protozoa. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of pcr amplifications of 16s rrna gene fr ... | 2002 | 12450833 |
| [bacterial succession on n-alkanes under the conditions of sulfate reduction]. | the dynamics of species composition of a hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteriocenosis of a ground suspension of mozhaisk reservoir has been studied. the bacteriocenosis was undergoing development in a paraffin film (model association composed of sulfate-reducing bacteria and hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria). the type of bacterial succession did not depend on the depth, from which ground samples were collected. two microbial species (pseudomonas sp. and arthrobacter globiformis) were absolutely dominant. ... | 2002 | 11962208 |
| response of endophytic bacterial communities in potato plants to infection with erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica. | the term endophyte refers to interior colonization of plants by microorganisms that do not have pathogenic effects on their hosts, and various endophytes have been found to play important roles in plant vitality. in this study, cultivation-independent terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16s ribosomal dna directly amplified from plant tissue dna was used in combination with molecular characterization of isolates to examine the influence of plant stress, achieved by infec ... | 2002 | 11976096 |
| rates of oxygen and hydrogen exchange as indicators of tpq cofactor orientation in amine oxidases. | this study presents the first detailed examination by resonance raman (rr) spectroscopy of the rates of solvent exchange for the c5 and c3 positions of the tpq cofactor in several wild-type copper-containing amine oxidases and mutants of the amine oxidase from hansenula polymorpha (hpao). on the basis of crystal structure analysis and differing rates of c5 [double bond] o and c3 [bond] h exchange within the enzyme systems, but equally rapid rates of c5 [double bond] o and c3 [bond] h exchange in ... | 2002 | 11781110 |
| enzymes of dimethylsulfone metabolism and the phylogenetic characterization of the facultative methylotrophs arthrobacter sulfonivorans sp. nov., arthrobacter methylotrophus sp. nov., and hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans sp. nov. | novel methylotrophic arthrobacter and hyphomicrobium species are described. constitutive membrane-associated dimethylsulfone- and dimethylsulfoxide-reductases were found in arthrobacter methylotrophus strain tga and hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans strain s1. enzyme activities increased during growth with dimethylsulfone or dimethylsulfoxide, respectively, and different ratios of activity with different growth substrates indicated that they are separate enzymes. sds-page showed some membrane-associa ... | 2002 | 11807567 |
| biomineralization of an organophosphorus pesticide, monocrotophos, by soil bacteria. | to study biomineralization of monocrotophos (mcp) and identify the metabolites formed during biodegradation. | 2002 | 12147070 |
| studies on the effect of inoculation of activated sludge with bacteria actively degrading hydrocarbons on the biodegradation of petroleum products. | eighteen strains of bacteria were isolated from activated sludge purifying petroleum-refining wastewaters. these strains were plated on solidified mineral medium supplemented with oil fraction in concentration 1000 mg/l. four of the strains that grew best in the presence of oil were selected for further studies. the strains were identified based on bonde's scheme and microscopic observations. three of them belonged to the genus arthrobacter and one to the genus micrococcus. stationary cultures o ... | 2002 | 12588103 |
| citricoccus muralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a medieval wall painting. | a gram-positive, aerobic, spherical actinobacterium, designated strain 4-0(t), was isolated from a medieval wall painting and characterized to determine its taxonomic position. the peptidoglycan of strain 4-0(t) was of type a4alpha, with lysine as the diagnostic cell wall diamino acid and an interpeptide bridge of lys-gly-glu. its quinone system contained predominantly mk-9(h2) (64%) and its polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, four ... | 2002 | 12508874 |
| purification and properties of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase with high affinity for nadp from arthrobacter globiformis. | betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from arthrobacter globiformis was purified to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by ion-exchange, butyl-toyopearl and gel filtration chromatography. the enzyme was found to be a tetramer with identical 55 kda subunits. both nad+ and nadp+ could be used as a cofactor for the enzyme and michaelis constants (k(m) value) for nad+ and nadp+ were 1075 microm and 48 microm, respectively. the enzyme was highly specific for betaine aldehyde and ... | 2002 | 16233177 |
| transfer of high-mannose-type oligosaccharides to disaccharides by endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae. | endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) has transglycosylation activity, and high-mannose-type oligosaccharides are transferred to suitable glycosides as acceptor substrates. the acceptor specificity of endo-a-catalyzed transglycosylation toward various disaccharides was investigated. to identify an effective acceptor for the transglycosylation by endo-a, the reaction was carried out using various disaccharides. endo-a transferred high-mannose-type oligosacchar ... | 2002 | 16233259 |
| removal and recovery of uranyl ion using various microorganisms. | the adsorption of uranyl ion by microorganisms was examined. among the 76 strains of 69 species tested (23 bacteria, 20 actinomycetes, 18 fungi, and 15 yeasts), high uranyl ion adsorption ability was exhibited by strains of the bacteria, arthrobacter nicotianae, bacillus subtilis, and micrococcus luteus. a. nicotianae cells, which showed the best performance, could adsorb about 698 mg uranyl ion (2.58 mmol) per gram dry wt. of microbial cells. the adsorption of uranyl ion was rapid, selective, a ... | 2002 | 16233264 |
| bacterial populations associated with mycelium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices. | abstract the influences of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices on the culturable aerobic-heterotrophic bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and hyphosphere of cucumber plants (cucumis satvius) were investigated. mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants were grown in compartmentalised growth units, each with a root compartment and two lateral root-free compartments. samples representing rhizosphere, root-free soil, root-free sand and washed sand extract were collected 52 days ... | 2002 | 19709247 |
| impact of 4-chlorophenol contamination and/or inoculation with the 4-chlorophenol-degrading strain, arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6l, on soil bacterial community structure. | the 4-chlorophenol-degrading strain, arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6l (chromosomally tagged with the firefly luciferase gene, luc) was inoculated into 4-chlorophenol-contaminated soil to assess the impact of bioaugmentation with a biodegrading strain on the indigenous microbiota. simultaneously, the impact of 4-chlorophenol alone, or inoculation with a. chlorophenolicus into non-contaminated soil, was addressed. using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) several significan ... | 2002 | 19709298 |
| plasmid localisation of atrazine-degrading genes in newly described chelatobacter and arthrobacter strains. | abstract in a previous study, we isolated a collection of atrazine-degrading bacteria from various soils. the aim of this study was to localise the atrazine-degrading genes in these 25 atrazine-degrading strains. in the case of the gram-negative strains of chelatobacter heintzii, six to seven plasmids were observed. the atzabc and trzd genes were located on two or three plasmids with variable molecular masses. for the gram-positive strains of arthrobacter crystallopoietes, the atzbc genes were l ... | 2002 | 19709240 |
| repeated inoculation as a strategy for the remediation of low concentrations of phenanthrene in soil. | phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, becomes increasingly unavailable to microorganisms for degradation as it ages in soil. consequently, many bioaugmentation efforts to remediate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil have failed. we studied the effect of repeatedly inoculating a soil with a phenanthrene-degrading arthrobacter sp. on the mineralization kinetics of low concentrations of phenanthrene. after the first inoculation, the initial mineralization rate of 50 ng/g phenanthre ... | 2001 | 11826901 |
| growth of moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from sea water using phenol as the sole carbon source. | moderately halophilic bacteria utilizing phenol as the sole carbon source were isolated by selective enrichment from sea water. the isolate (gram-negative motile rods) was identified as deleya venusta. it grew well in the presence of up to 1600 mg/l of phenol and 8% nacl under aerobic conditions. when the cells were treated with chloramphenicol prior to the addition of phenol they did not utilize added phenol, even after prolonged incubation. thus, the enzymes necessary for phenol metabolism app ... | 2001 | 11830940 |
| [studies on bioconversion conditions and stereoselectivity of arthrobacter k1108 hydantoinase]. | the bioconversion conditions of hydantoinase of arthrobacter k1108 were studied. it was shown that the optimum temperature of the enzyme is 55 degrees c, and the optimum ph is 7.0. the enzyme can be activated by co2+ and fe2+, while inhibited by ca2+. the optimal substrate of the hydantoinase is 5-benzylhydantoin, while 5-phenylhydantoin and 5-indolylmethylhydantoin cannot effectively digested, showing a high specificity on the substrates. an investigation on the hydantoinase stereoselectivity m ... | 2001 | 11910755 |
| crystal structure and mechanism of catalysis of a pyrazinamidase from pyrococcus horikoshii. | bacterial pyrazinamidase (pzaase)/nicotinamidase converts pyrazinamide (pza) to ammonia and pyrazinoic acid, which is active against mycobacterium tuberculosis. loss of pzaase activity is the major mechanism of pyrazinamide-resistance by m. tuberculosis. we have determined the crystal structure of the gene product of pyrococcus horikoshii 999 (ph999), a pzaase, and its complex with zinc ion by x-ray crystallography. the overall fold of ph999 is similar to that of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrol ... | 2001 | 11714269 |