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complete biodegradation of 4-fluorocinnamic acid by a consortium comprising arthrobacter sp. strain g1 and ralstonia sp. strain h1.a consortium of the newly isolated bacterial strains arthrobacter sp. strain g1 and ralstonia sp. strain h1 utilized 4-fluorocinnamic acid for growth under aerobic conditions. strain g1 converted 4-fluorocinnamic acid into 4-fluorobenzoic acid and used the two-carbon side chain for growth, with some formation of 4-fluoroacetophenone as a dead-end side product. in the presence of strain h1, complete mineralization of 4-fluorocinnamic acid and release of fluoride were obtained. degradation of 4-fl ...201021097599
rescuing of the hydride transfer reaction in the glu312asp variant of choline oxidase by a substrate analogue.in the active site of choline oxidase, glu312 participates in binding the trimethylammonium group of choline, thereby positioning the alcohol substrate properly for efficient hydride transfer to the enzyme-bound flavin. previous studies have shown that substitution of glu312 with aspartate results in a perturbed mechanism of hydride transfer, with a 260-fold decrease in the rate associated with the mutation. here, the reaction of alcohol oxidation catalyzed by the glu312asp enzyme has been inves ...201020447376
the microbe-mineral environment and gypsum neogenesis in a weathered polar evaporite.evaporitic deposits are a globally widespread habitat for micro-organisms. the microbe-mineral environment in weathered and remobilized gypsum from exposed mid-ordovician marine evaporite beds in the polar desert of devon island, nunavut, canadian high arctic was examined. the gypsum is characterized by internal green zones of cyanobacterial colonization (dominated by gloeocapsa/aphanothece and chroococcidiopsis spp. morphotypes) and abundant black zones, visible from the surface, that contain p ...201020456500
culture-dependent and culture-independent diversity of actinobacteria associated with the marine sponge hymeniacidon perleve from the south china sea.in this report, the diversity of actinobacteria associated with the marine sponge hymeniacidon perleve collected from a remote island of the south china sea was investigated employing classical cultivation and characterization, 16s rdna library construction, 16s rdna-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rdna-rflp) and phylogenetic analysis. a total of 184 strains were isolated using seven different media and 24 isolates were selected according to their morphological characteristics for phyl ...201020383659
the type of cheese curds determined the colouring capacity of brevibacterium and arthrobacter species.this study compares the colouring capacity of brevibacterium aurantiacum (ba), brevibacterium bl and arthrobacter species as in relation to deacidified media made from lactic curd (epoisses), mixed curds (munster) and rennet curds (livarot or reblochon). ba colouring capacity proved to be constant, leading to a dark orange colour, irrespective of the deacidified media. however, it gave too dark a colour for reblochon. the strains bl and as were not adapted to the colouring of epoisses deacidifie ...201020462468
aepa of pectobacterium is not involved in the regulation of extracellular plant cell wall degrading enzymes production.plant cell wall degrading enzymes (pcwde) are the major virulence determinants in phytopathogenic pectobacterium, and their production is controlled by many regulatory factors. in this study, we focus on the role of the aepa protein, which was previously described to be a global regulator of pcwde production in pectobacterium carotovorum (murata et al. in mol plant microbe interact 4:239-246, 1991). our results show that neither inactivation nor overexpression of aepa affects pcwde production in ...201020386924
homology modeling and docking study of xanthine oxidase of arthrobacter sp. xl26.hyperuricemia is a condition of defective purine metabolism characterized with elevated serum uric acid (ua) level that further leads to gout and gouty nephrolithiasis disorders. gout is a world wide distributed rheumatic disease comprises 1% of the total population and still is in increasing state. one of the factors contributing to overproduction of ua is the hydroxylation of xanthine catalyzed by xanthine oxidase (xo). in the present study, 3d modeling of arthrobacter sp. xl26 (xodb) protein ...201020403378
structural and kinetic studies on the ser101ala variant of choline oxidase: catalysis by compromise.the oxidation of choline catalyzed by choline oxidase includes two reductive half-reactions where fad is reduced by the alcohol substrate and by an aldehyde intermediate transiently formed in the reaction. each reductive half-reaction is followed by an oxidative half-reaction where the reduced flavin is oxidized by oxygen. here, we have used mutagenesis to prepare the ser101ala mutant of choline oxidase and have investigated the impact of this mutation on the structural and kinetic properties of ...201020561507
calcite-forming bacteria for compressive strength improvement in mortar.microbiological calcium carbonate precipitation (mcp) has been investigated for its ability to improve the compressive strength of concrete mortar. however, very few studies have been conducted on the use of calcite-forming bacteria (cfb) to improve compressive strength. in this study, we discovered new bacterial genera that are capable of improving the compressive strength of concrete mortar. we isolated 4 cfb from 7 environmental concrete structures. using sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gen ...201020467254
variability of sediment-contact tests in freshwater sediments with low-level anthropogenic contamination--determination of toxicity thresholds.freshwater sediments with low levels of anthropogenic contamination and a broad range of geochemical properties were investigated using various sediment-contact tests in order to study the natural variability and to define toxicity thresholds for the various toxicity endpoints. tests were performed with bacteria (arthrobacter globiformis), yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae), nematodes (caenorhabditis elegans), oligochaetes (lumbriculus variegatus), higher plants (myriophyllum aquaticum), and the e ...201020594629
prevalence of the gene trzn and biogeographic patterns among atrazine-degrading bacteria isolated from 13 colombian agricultural soils.the following study evaluated the diversity and biogeography of 83 new atrazine-degrading bacteria and the composition of their atrazine degradation genes. these strains were isolated from 13 agricultural soils and grouped according to rep-pcr genomic fingerprinting into 11 major clusters, which showed biogeographic patterns. three clusters (54 strains) belonged to the genus arthrobacter, seven clusters (28 strains) were similar to the genus nocardioides and only one strain was a gram-negative f ...201020597985
study on the removal of indoor vocs using biotechnology.with the improvement of living standard and civil building innovation, large numbers of building materials and decoration are being used. the emission of gaseous organic pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene and xylene from these materials may trigger immediate or persistent potential harm to human health. in this study, with the combination of bake-out exhaust, biological treatment was applied to deal with volatile organic compounds (vocs). four bacterial strains were isolated from ...201020598440
chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of lantana camara, ageratum houstonianum and eupatorium adenophorum.essential oils have applications in folk medicine, food preservation, and as feed additives. the essential oils of lantana camara linn. (verbenaceae), ageratum houstonianum mill. (asteraceae) and eupatorium adenophorum spreng. (asteraceae) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gcms). in l. camara oil, of the total identified (83.91%) volatile constituents, five constituents [3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatriene (28.86%), beta-caryophyllene (12.28%), zingiberene (7.63%), gamma-cu ...201020645797
strains of internal biofilm in aerobic granular membrane bioreactors.this study isolated strains in suspended liquor, the surface fouling layer, and biofilm inside hollow-fiber membranes of a membrane bioreactor (mbr); analyzed their distributions, sizes, surface charges, and growth behaviors; and determined the quantities of extracellular polymeric substances (eps) secreted by these strains under different organic loadings. three strains, which may penetrate the microfiltration membranes, were close relatives of the ralstonia mannitolilytica strain sdv (genbank ...201020306189
crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of manganese(ii)-dependent 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase from bacillus sp. jf8.a thermostable manganese(ii)-dependent 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase derived from bacillus sp. jf8 was crystallized. the initial screening for crystallization was performed by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using a crystallization robot, resulting in the growth of two crystal forms. the first crystal belonged to space group p1, with unit-cell parameters a = 62.7, b = 71.4, c = 93.6 a, alpha = 71.2, beta = 81.0, gamma = 64.0 degrees, and diffracted to 1.3 a resolution. the secon ...201020208161
engineering of choline oxidase from arthrobacter nicotianae for potential use as biological bleach in detergents.in order to engineer the choline oxidase from arthrobacter nicotianae (an_coda) for the potential application as biological bleach in detergents, the specific activity of the enzyme toward the synthetic substrate tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)-methylammonium methylsulfate (mtea) was improved by methods of directed evolution and rational design. the best mutants (up to 520% wt-activity with mtea) revealed mutations in the fad- (a21v, g62d, i69v) and substrate-binding site (s348l, v349l, f351y). in a separ ...201020467737
investigation of mineral water springs of miercurea ciuc (csíkszereda) region (romania) with cultivation-dependent microbiological methods.water samples of ten mineral water springs at miercurea ciuc (csíkszereda) region (romania) were examined during 2005-2006 using cultivation-dependent microbiological methods. the results of standard hygienic bacteriological tests showed that the hargita spring had perfect and five other springs had microbiologically acceptable water quality (zsögöd-, nagy-borvíz-, taploca-, szentegyháza- and lobogó springs). the water of borsáros spring was exceptionable (high germ count, presence of enterococc ...201020587384
arthrobacter endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase shows transglycosylation activity on complex-type n-glycan oxazolines: one-pot conversion of ribonuclease b to sialylated ribonuclease c. 201020486148
[investigation of biotechnological strains of microorganisms for their hygienic standardization].by analyzing the findings and databases on the hygienic standardization of industrial microorganisms, the authors have improved a research program for industrial strains on substantiating their safe exposure levels in workplace and ambient airs. a shortened program is proposed to investigate gram-positive bacteria and nocardioformic actinomycetes (lactobacillus, micrococcus, propionibacterim, brevibacterim, rhodococcus), which have no negative effect. it is necessary to study gram-negative bacte ...201020491276
[isolation and identification of a fibrinolytic bacterium strain from frozen soil in the tibetan plateau].cardiovascular disease, harmful to human health, is a worldwide disease, for which fibrinolytic enzyme is usually used as an effective remedy. fibrinolytic microbes under extreme environmental conditions may excrete some high efficient and safe fibrinolytic enzymes. so, for obtaining this fibrinolytic enzyme, we isolated fibrinolytic strains from frozen soil in the tibetan plateau.201020387455
glycosylation patterns of human alpha2-macroglobulin: analysis of lectin binding by electron microscopy.human alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha 2m) is a 720 kda glycoprotein that presents two ultrastructural conformations: slow (s-alpha 2m) and fast (f-alpha 2m). alpha 2m acts mainly as a proteinase scavenger, but an immunomodulatory role was also proposed. this work studies the effect of desialylation and deglycosylation on the structure patterns of alpha 2m by ultrastructural analysis of lectin-induced aggregates, which represents a new approach that had never been previously used. transmission electr ...201020399104
comparative study of properties of immobilized lipase onto glutaraldehyde-activated amino-silica gel via different methods.the enzyme-aggregate coating method was performed to immobilize arthrobacter sp. lipase in order to achieve better catalytic properties comparable to the conventional covalent attachment and covalent attachment plus cross-linking. the glutaraldehyde-activated amino-silica gel which was synthesized by sol-gel technique was used as the support, and the catalytic characteristics of the lipase preparations were tested in the asymmetric acylation of 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-(2-propenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-o ...201020399626
c, n, and h isotope fractionation of the herbicide isoproturon reflects different microbial transformation pathways.the fate of pesticides in the subsurface is of great interest to the public, industry, and regulatory authorities. compound-specific isotope analysis (csia) is a promising tool complementary to existing methods for elucidating pesticide degradation reactions. here, we address three different initial biotransformation reactions of the phenylurea herbicide isoproturon (3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) in pure culture experiments with bacterial and fungal strains. when analyzing isotopic cha ...201020184312
weathering-associated bacteria from the damma glacier forefield: physiological capabilities and impact on granite dissolution.several bacterial strains isolated from granitic rock material in front of the damma glacier (central swiss alps) were shown (i) to grow in the presence of granite powder and a glucose-nh(4)cl minimal medium without additional macro- or micronutrients and (ii) to produce weathering-associated agents. in particular, four bacterial isolates (one isolate each of arthrobacter sp., janthinobacterium sp., leifsonia sp., and polaromonas sp.) were weathering associated. in comparison to what was observe ...201020525872
influence of ph and inorganic phosphate on toxicity of zinc to arthrobacter sp. isolated from heavy-metal-contaminated sediments.because of its high solubility over a wide range of ph conditions, zinc is found in many natural and human-impacted systems. zinc speciation is critical in assessing zinc toxicity to microorganisms because it varies considerably with ph and is dependent on other aqueous constituents. combined results of thermodynamic modeling, statistical analysis, and batch culture studies using arthrobacter sp. jm018 suggest that the toxic species may not be solely limited to the free ion, but also includes zn ...201020553043
esmond e. snell--the pathfinder of b vitamins and cofactors.esmond e. snell (1914-2003) was a giant of b-vitamin and enzyme research. his early research in bacterial nutrition had lead to the discovery of vitamins such as lipoic acid and folic acid, and an anti-vitamin avidin. he developed microbiological assay methods for riboflavin and other vitamins and amino acids, which are still used today. he also investigated the metabolism of vitamins, discovered pyridoxal and pyridoxamine as the active forms of vitamin b(6) and revealed the mechanism of transam ...201020353954
arthrobacter sp. strain ku001 isolated from a thai soil degrades atrazine in the presence of inorganic nitrogen sources.an atrazine degrading bacterium, strain ku001, was obtained from a sugarcane field at the cane and sugar research and development center at the kasetsart university, kamphaeng saen campus, thailand. strain ku001 had a rod-to-coccus morphological cycle during growth. biolog carbon source analysis indicated that the isolated bacterium was arthrobacter histidinolovorans. sequence analysis of pcr product indicated the 16s rrna gene in strain ku001 was 99% identical to the same region in arthrobacter ...201020372034
role of valine 464 in the flavin oxidation reaction catalyzed by choline oxidase.the oxidation of reduced flavin cofactors by oxygen is a very important reaction that is central to the chemical versatility of hundreds of flavoproteins classified as monooxygenases and oxidases. these enzymes are characterized by bimolecular rate constants >or=10(5) m(-1) s(-1) and produce water and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. a hydrophobic cavity close to the reactive flavin c(4a) atom has been previously identified in the 3d structure of monooxygenases but not in flavoprotein oxidases. ...201020184377
high-density polyethylene (hdpe)-degrading potential bacteria from marine ecosystem of gulf of mannar, india.assessment of high-density polyethylene (hdpe)-degrading bacteria isolated from plastic waste dumpsites of gulf of mannar.201020586938
aerobic biodegradation of a sulfonated phenylazonaphthol dye by a bacterial community immobilized in a multistage packed-bed bac reactor.a microbial community able to aerobically degrade the azo dye acid orange 7 was selected from riparian or lacustrine sediments collected at sites receiving textile wastewaters. three bacterial strains, pertaining to the genera pseudomonas, arthrobacter, and rhizobium, constitute the selected community. the biodegradation of ao7 was carried out in batch-suspended cell culture and in a continuously operated multistage packed-bed bac reactor. the rapid decolorization observed in batch culture, join ...201020376575
cg2091 encodes a polyphosphate/atp-dependent glucokinase of corynebacterium glutamicum.the corynebacterium glutamicum gene cg2091 is encoding a polyphosphate (polyp)/atp-dependent glucokinase (ppgk). previous work demonstrated the association of ppgk to polyp granules. the deduced amino acid sequence of ppgk shows 45% sequence identity to polyp/atp glucomannokinase of arthrobacter sp. strain km and 50% sequence identity to polyp glucokinase of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. ppgk from c. glutamicum was purified from recombinant escherichia coli. polyp was highly preferred over a ...201020379711
structural characterization of the major glycolipids from arthrobacter globiformis and arthrobacter scleromae.arthrobacter is a genus of gram-positive bacteria widely distributed in soil. the ability to catabolize a variety of xenobiotics has shown their potential as a detoxifying agent. recently, arthrobacter has been also recognized as an opportunistic pathogen. glycolipids from a. scleromae, a clinical isolate, and a. globiformis, from soil, were isolated by chloroform-methanol extraction and subsequently purified using column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. structural stud ...201020381794
identification and in vitro deoxynucleotidylation of the terminal protein of the linear plasmid pal1 of arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a.the plasmid pal1 of arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a is a linear replicon, characterized by inverted terminal repeats and terminal proteins (tps) covalently bound to its 5'-ends. previous sequence analysis and predictions of possible secondary structures formed by telomeric 3'-overhangs indicated significant differences of the 'left' and 'right' telomere of pal1, raising the question of whether each terminus is recognized by a specific protein. the genes pal1.102 and pal1.103, located close ...201020141532
molecular identification of airborne bacteria associated with aerial spraying of bovine slurry waste employing 16s rrna gene pcr and gene sequencing techniques.polymerase chain reaction amplification of the universal 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene was performed on a collection of 38 bacterial isolates, originating from air sampled immediately adjacent to the agricultural spreading of bovine slurry. a total of 16 bacterial genera were identified including both gram-positive and gram-negative genera. gram-positive organisms accounted for 34/38 (89.5%) of total bacterial numbers consisting of 12 genera and included staphylococcus (most common genus isolate ...201020018377
phylogenetic diversity of alkaline protease-producing psychrotrophic bacteria from glacier and cold environments of lahaul and spiti, india.the diversity of proteolytic bacteria associated with a glacier and cold environment soils from three different locations in lahaul and spiti, india was investigated. two hundred seventeen bacterial strains were isolated in pure culture. subsequently these strains were screened for protease-production and one hundred nine showed protease production. from these protease producing psychrotrophic bacteria twenty showing high enzyme production at low temperature and alkaline ph were characterized an ...201020082368
one-pot conversion of levan prepared from serratia levanicum nn to difructose anhydride iv by arthrobacter nicotinovorans levan fructotransferase.the newly established difructose anhydride iv (dfa iv) production system is comprised of the effective production of levan from sucrose by serratia levanicum nn, the conversion of the levan into dfa iv by levan fructotransferase from arthrobacter nicotinovorans gs-9, which is highly expressed in an escherichiacoli transformant, and a practical purification step. the chemical properties of dfa iv were also investigated.201020159571
biosurfactants, bioemulsifiers and exopolysaccharides from marine microorganisms.marine biosphere offers wealthy flora and fauna, which represents a vast natural resource of imperative functional commercial grade products. among the various bioactive compounds, biosurfactant (bs)/bioemulsifiers (be) are attracting major interest and attention due to their structural and functional diversity. the versatile properties of surface active molecules find numerous applications in various industries. marine microorganisms such as acinetobacter, arthrobacter, pseudomonas, halomonas, ...201020172021
biotransformation of nicotine by microorganism: the case of pseudomonas spp.several bacterial species are capable of using nicotine, the main alkaloid in tobacco plants, as a substrate for growth. the dominant species include members of two genera, pseudomonas and arthrobacter. the degradation pathway and genetic structure of nicotine catabolism in arthrobacter nicotinovorans were recently reviewed (brandsch appl microbiol biotechnol 69:493-498, 2006). here, we present up-to-date information on biodegradation of nicotine by pseudomonas spp. species in this genus capable ...201020091027
influence of internal biofilm growth on residual permeability loss in aerobic granular membrane bioreactors.membrane fouling results in flux decline or transmembrane pressure drop increase during membrane bioreactor (mbr) operation. physical and chemical cleanings are essential to keep an mbr operating at an appropriate membrane flux. considerable residual membrane permeability loss that cannot be removed by conventional cleaning requires membrane replacement. this study demonstrates that an internal biofilm can develop inside a hollow-fiber membrane and can probably account for up to 58.9 and 81.3% o ...201020102183
mechanism of boron tolerance in soil bacteria.boron (b) is toxic to living cells at levels above a certain threshold. we isolated several b-tolerant bacterial strains from soil samples and studied them for possible mechanisms of b tolerance. 16s rrna gene sequencing and comparative phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the isolates belong to the following 6 genera: arthrobacter, rhodococcus, lysinibacillus, algoriphagus, gracilibacillus, and bacillus. these isolates exhibited b-tolerance levels of 80, 100, 150, 300, 450, and 450 mmol/l, r ...201020130690
the biomass yielding process of xenobiotic degradation.yields of activated sludge and an arthrobacter sp. biomass on organic xenobiotic 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) and on the intermediates of selected 2,4-d metabolism pathways were measured. activated sludge yield on 2,4-d was lower by approximately 24-45% compared to the combined yields produced separately by the lower intermediates. for activated sludge, cell synthesis only consumed 33% of the electrons generated from 2,4-d oxidation, while the other 67% were used for energy. the high e ...201020153175
growth of arthrobacter sp. strain jbh1 on nitroglycerin as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen.arthrobacter sp. strain jbh1 was isolated from nitroglycerin-contaminated soil by selective enrichment. detection of transient intermediates and simultaneous adaptation studies with potential intermediates indicated that the degradation pathway involves the conversion of nitroglycerin to glycerol via 1,2-dinitroglycerin and 1-mononitroglycerin, with concomitant release of nitrite. glycerol then serves as the source of carbon and energy.201020061454
heavy metal resistance in arthrobacter ramosus strain g2 isolated from mercuric salt-contaminated soil.present study describes isolation of a multiple metal-resistant arthrobacter ramosus strain from mercuric salt-contaminated soil. the isolate was found to resist and bioaccumulate several metals, such as cadmium, cobalt, zinc, chromium and mercury. maximum tolerated concentrations for above metals were found to be 37, 525, 348, 1530 and 369 microm, respectively. the isolate could also reduce and detoxify redox-active metals like chromium and mercury, indicating that it has great potential in bio ...201020060643
enhanced cyclic adenosine monophosphate production by arthrobacter a302 through rational redistribution of metabolic flux.cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) was synthesized through the purine salvage synthesis pathway by arthrobacter a302. results showed that hypoxanthine was the best of the precursors, and the camp concentration reached 4.06 g/l. for inhibition of the glycolytic pathway, sodium fluoride was found the optimal effector, which was further studied on camp production. with the addition of 0.4 g/l of sodium fluoride, the maximal camp concentration reached 11.04 g/l, and the concentrations of lactic a ...201020064709
structural basis for cofactor-independent dioxygenation of n-heteroaromatic compounds at the alpha/beta-hydrolase fold.enzymatic catalysis of oxygenation reactions in the absence of metal or organic cofactors is a considerable biochemical challenge. the co-forming 1-h-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinaldine 2,4-dioxygenase (hod) from arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a and 1-h-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinoline 2,4-dioxygenase (qdo) from pseudomonas putida 33/1 are homologous cofactor-independent dioxygenases involved in the breakdown of n-heteroaromatic compounds. to date, they are the only dioxygenases suggested to belong to the alp ...201020080731
arthrobacter alpinus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from alpine soil.an aerobic, gram-reaction-positive, non-motile, psychrophilic bacterium, designated strain s6-3(t), was isolated from alpine soil. cells exhibited a rod-coccus growth cycle and produced a yellow pigment. growth occurred at 1-25 degrees c. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed that strain s6-3(t) was related to members of the genus arthrobacter, sharing highest sequence similarities with the type strains of arthrobacter psychrolactophilus (97.9 %) and arthrobacter stackebr ...201019880631
removal of organic compounds by a biofilm supported on gac: modelling of batch and column data.the performance of a biofilm of arthrobacter viscosus supported on granular activated carbon on the retention of organic compounds was evaluated. the presence of functional groups on the cell wall surface of the biomass that may interact with the organic compounds was confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, to assess the applicability of this system to the removal of those compounds. the batch assays showed that the removal percentage decreases with the increasing initial concentra ...201019882356
x-ray crystallographic analysis of the 6-aminohexanoate cyclic dimer hydrolase: catalytic mechanism and evolution of an enzyme responsible for nylon-6 byproduct degradation.we performed x-ray crystallographic analyses of the 6-aminohexanoate cyclic dimer (acd) hydrolase (nyla) from arthrobacter sp., an enzyme responsible for the degradation of the nylon-6 industry byproduct. the fold adopted by the 472-amino acid polypeptide generated a compact mixed alpha/beta fold, typically found in the amidase signature superfamily; this fold was especially similar to the fold of glutamyl-trna(gln) amidotransferase subunit a (z score, 49.4) and malonamidase e2 (z score, 44.8). ...201019889645
complete degradation of di-n-octyl phthalate by biochemical cooperation between gordonia sp. strain jdc-2 and arthrobacter sp. strain jdc-32 isolated from activated sludge.two bacterial strains were isolated from activated sludge using mixtures of phthalic acid esters (paes) as the sole source of carbon and energy. one of the isolates was identified as gordonia sp. strain jdc-2 and the other as arthrobacter sp. strain jdc-32, mainly through 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. gordonia sp. strain jdc-2 rapidly degraded di-n-octyl phthalate (dop) into phthalic acid (pa), which accumulated in the culture medium. arthrobacter sp. strain jdc-32 degraded pa but not dop. th ...201019959291
crystal structure analysis of free and substrate-bound 6-hydroxy-l-nicotine oxidase from arthrobacter nicotinovorans.the pathway for oxidative degradation of nicotine in arthrobacter nicotinovorans includes two genetically and structurally unrelated flavoenzymes, 6-hydroxy-l-nicotine oxidase (6hlno) and 6-hydroxy-d-nicotine oxidase, which act with absolute stereospecificity on the l- and d-forms, respectively, of 6-hydroxy-nicotine. we solved the crystal structure of 6hlno at 1.95 a resolution by combined isomorphous/multiple-wavelength anomalous dispersion phasing. the overall structure of each subunit of the ...201020006620
arthrobacter livingstonensis sp. nov. and arthrobacter cryotolerans sp. nov., salt-tolerant and psychrotolerant species from antarctic soil.two novel cold-tolerant, gram-stain-positive, motile, facultatively anaerobic bacterial strains, li2(t) and li3(t), were isolated from moss-covered soil from livingston island, antarctica, near the bulgarian station st kliment ohridski. a rod-coccus cycle was observed for both strains. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis revealed an affiliation to the genus arthrobacter, with the highest similarity to arthrobacter stackebrandtii and arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus for strain li2(t) (97.8 and 97.7  ...201120511467
reversible immobilization of uricase on conductive polyaniline brushes grafted on polyacrylonitrile film.polyacrylonitrile film (pan) surfaces were modified with chemical polymerization of conductive polyaniline (pani) in the presence of potassium dichromate as an oxidizing agent. the conductive films were used for immobilization of uricase. the surface resistance of the conductive film in this work was found to be 0.97 kω/cm. the maximum amount of immobilized enzyme on conductive film containing 2.4% pani was about 216 μg/cm(2). the optimum ph for free and immobilized enzymes was observed at 7.0 a ...201120652599
biodegradation of 4-chlorophenol by arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6: effect of culture conditions and degradation kinetics.among known microbial species, arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 has shown very good potential to treat phenolic wastewaters. in this study, the levels of various culture conditions, namely initial ph, agitation (rpm), temperature (°c), and inoculum age (h) were optimized to enhance 4-chlorophenol (4-cp) biodegradation and the culture specific growth rate. for optimization, central composite design of experiments followed by response surface methodology (rsm) was applied. results showed that amon ...201120676733
isolation and characterization of an arthrobacter sp. strain hb-5 that transforms atrazine.a bacterial strain (hb-5) capable of utilizing atrazine as sole carbon and nitrogen source for growth was isolated from an industrial wastewater sample by enrichment culture. the isolate was identified as arthrobacter sp. according to its phenotypic features, physiologic and biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis. the strain exhibited faster atrazine degradation rates in atrazine-containing mineral media than the well-characterized atrazine-degrading bacteria pseudomonas sp. adp. ...201120686824
air-cathode microbial fuel cell array: a device for identifying and characterizing electrochemically active microbes.microbial fuel cells (mfcs) have generated excitement in environmental and bioenergy communities due to their potential for coupling wastewater treatment with energy generation and powering diverse devices. the pursuit of strategies such as improving microbial cultivation practices and optimizing mfc devices has increased power generating capacities of mfcs. however, surprisingly few microbial species with electrochemical activity in mfcs have been identified because current devices do not suppo ...201120655725
copy number determination, expression analysis of genes potentially involved in replication, and stability assays of pal1 - the linear megaplasmid of arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a.pal1 of the actinomycete arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a, a 113-kb catabolic linear megaplasmid of the invertron-type, enables its host to utilize quinaldine (or 4-hydroxyquinaldine) as the sole carbon and energy source. comparative southern hybridization and quantitative real-time pcr analyses revealed copy numbers of two for cells grown in minimal medium supplemented with 4-hydroxyquinaldine and four for cells cultivated in luria-bertani medium. however, medium-dependent differences in th ...201120116226
antagonistic interaction networks among bacteria from a cold soil environment.microbial antagonism in an arctic soil habitat was demonstrated by assessing the inhibitory interactions between bacterial isolates from the same location. of 139 isolates obtained from five soil samples, 20 antagonists belonging to the genera, arthrobacter, pseudomonas and flavobacterium were identified. inter-genus, inter-species and inter-strain antagonism was observed between the interacting members. the extent of antagonism was temperature dependent. in some cases, antagonism was enhanced a ...201122092175
Structural insights into the substrate specificity of bacterial copper amine oxidase obtained by using irreversible inhibitors.Copper amine oxidases (CAOs) catalyze the oxidation of various aliphatic amines to the corresponding aldehydes, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Although CAOs from various organisms share a highly conserved active-site structure including a protein-derived cofactor, topa quinone (TPQ), their substrate specificities differ considerably. To obtain structural insights into the substrate specificity of a CAO from Arthrobacter globiformis (AGAO), we have determined the X-ray crystal structures of AGAO ...201121984603
an isofenphos-methyl hydrolase (imh) capable of hydrolyzing the p-o-z moiety of organophosphorus pesticides containing an aryl or heterocyclic group.organophosphorus pesticide (op) hydrolases play key roles in the degradation and decontamination of agricultural and household ops and in the detoxification of chemical warfare agents. in this study, an isofenphos-methyl hydrolase gene (imh) was cloned from the isocarbophos-degrading strain of arthrobacter sp. scl-2 using the polymerase chain reaction method. isofenphos-methyl hydrolase (imh) showed 98% sequence identity with the isofenphos hydrolase from arthrobacter sp. strain b-5. imh was hig ...201122120622
Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases in aroma compound synthesis.Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are presented as highly selective and efficient biocatalysts for the synthesis of aroma lactones via kinetic resolution of 2-substituted cycloketones, exemplified with two d-valerolactones, the jasmine lactones and their e-caprolactone homologs. Analytical scale screens of our BVMO library ensued by preparative whole-cell biotransformations led to the identification of two enzymes (cyclohexanone monooxygenase from Arthrobacter BP2 and cyclododecanone monoox ...201121900007
Enhancing the recombinant protein expression of halohydrin dehalogenase HheA in Escherichia coli by applying a codon optimization strategy.Halohydrin dehalogenases are attractive biocatalysts in producing a series of important chiral building blocks. Recombinant expression of halohydrin dehalogenase from Arthrobacter sp. AD2 (HheA) in Escherichia coli using T7 promoter-based pGEF(+) system revealed much lower expression level than that of the well-studied halohydrin dehalogenase from Agrobacterium radiobacter AD1 (HheC). In this study, we changed the codon usage in the 5'-end of hheA gene to improve the expression yield of HheA. Ou ...201122112566
production of xylanase from arthrobacter sp. mtcc 6915 using saw dust as substrate under solid state fermentation.saw dust was used as substrate for xylanase production from arthrobacter sp. mtcc 6915. the study of period of incubation, temperature, ph, carbon, and nitrogen sources for xylanase production was optimized. xylanase production was found to be optimum at an incubation period of 96 hrs (117.0 u/ml), temperature 30°c (105.0 u/ml), and ph 9.0 (102.9 u/ml). the results showed that the xylanase production was found to be higher in the presence of carboxymethylcellulose (176.4 u/ml) and dextrose (126. ...201122013512
calcite biomineralization by bacterial isolates from the recently discovered pristine karstic herrenberg cave.karstic caves represent one of the most important subterranean carbon storages on earth and provide windows into the subsurface. the recent discovery of the herrenberg cave, germany, gave us the opportunity to investigate the diversity and potential role of bacteria in carbonate mineral formation. calcite was the only mineral observed by raman spectroscopy to precipitate as stalactites from seepage water. bacterial cells were found on the surface and interior of stalactites by confocal laser sca ...201122179248
Dynamics and diversity of phosphate mineralizing bacteria in the coral reefs of Gulf of Mannar.Phosphatase Producing Bacteria (PPB) and Inorganic Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (IPSB) are important to reef nutrition. These microbes and phosphate concentration play a significant role in the productivity of coral reef ecosystems. A study was conducted in Gulf of Mannar coral reef ecosystem to understand the diversity of these groups of bacteria and their competence in mineralizing the phosphate. The PPB isolates were identified under six genera i.e. Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Vibr ...201121953521
heterologous expression and characterization of two 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid dioxygenases from arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans.a protein fraction exhibiting 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1-h2na) dioxygenase activity was purified via ion exchange, hydrophobic interactions, and gel filtration chromatography from arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans sp. nov. strain sphe3 isolated from a greek creosote-oil-polluted site. matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) and tandem ms (ms-ms) analysis revealed that the amino acid sequences of oligopeptides of the major 45-kda protein specie ...201122101055
complete detoxification of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate by mixed two bacteria, sphingobium sp. strain tcm1 and arthrobacter sp. strain py1.tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (tdcpp), a flame retardant, is regarded as a potentially toxic and persistent environmental contaminant. we previously isolated a tdcpp-degrading bacterium, sphingobium sp. strain tcm1, which, however, produced a toxic metabolite: 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-dcp). this study was undertaken to develop a technique for complete tdcpp detoxification using strain tcm1 with a 1,3-dcp-degrading bacterium, arthrobacter sp. strain py1. for efficient detoxification, ...201121956155
degradation of a benzene-toluene mixture by hydrocarbon-adapted bacterial communities.we examined the rate of degradation of a benzene-toluene mixture in aerobic microcosms prepared with samples of an aquifer that lies below a petrochemical plant (siren, uk). five samples exposed to different concentrations of benzene (from 0.6 to 317 mg l(-1)) were used. fast degradation (approx. 1-6 mg l(-1) day(-1)) of both contaminants was observed in all groundwater samples and complete degradation was recorded by the seventh day except for one sample. we also identified the microbial commun ...201121949494
batch biodegradation of para-nitrophenol using arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6.the present study reports the kinetics of p-nitrophenol (pnp) biodegradation by arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 in batch shake flasks for initial pnp concentrations in the range of 25-225 mg l(-1). results of batch growth kinetics of a. chlorophenolicus a6 at various initial pnp concentrations revealed that the culture followed substrate inhibition kinetics with estimated decay coefficient value of 0.0132 h(-1). biokinetic constants involved in the process were estimated by fitting the experime ...201121927857
a novel transaminase, (r)-amine:pyruvate aminotransferase, from arthrobacter sp. knk168 (ferm bp-5228): purification, characterization, and gene cloning.a novel (r)-amine transaminase, which catalyzed (r)-enantioselective transamination of chiral amine, was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. knk168 (ferm bp-5228). the molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 148 kda by gel filtration and 37 kda by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting a homotetrameric structure. the enzyme catalyzed transamination between amines and pyruvate stereo-specifically. the reaction on 1-methylbenzylamine was (r)-enanti ...201122002066
a novel nadh-dependent and fad-containing hydroxylase is crucial for nicotine degradation by pseudomonas putida.nicotine, the main alkaloid produced by nicotiana tabacum and other solanaceae, is very toxic and may be a leading toxicant causing preventable disease and death, with the rise in global tobacco consumption. several different microbial pathways of nicotine metabolism have been reported: arthrobacter uses the pyridine pathway, and pseudomonas, like mammals, uses the pyrrolidine pathway. we identified and characterized a novel 6-hydroxy-3-succinoyl-pyridine (hsp) hydroxylase (hspb) using enzyme pu ...201121949128
chemoenzymatic synthesis and fcγ receptor binding of homogeneous glycoforms of antibody fc domain. presence of a bisecting sugar moiety enhances the affinity of fc to fcγiiia receptor.structurally well-defined igg-fc glycoforms are highly demanded for understanding the effects of glycosylation on an antibody's effector functions. we report in this paper chemoenzymatic synthesis and fcγ receptor binding of an array of homogeneous igg-fc glycoforms. the chemoenzymatic approach consists of the chemical synthesis of defined n-glycan oxazolines as donor substrates, the expression of the fc domain in a cho cell line in the presence of an α-mannosidase inhibitor kifunensine, and an ...201122004528
characterization of the volatile profile of antarctic bacteria by using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.bacteria belonging to the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) are significant pathogens in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients and are resistant to a plethora of antibiotics. in this context, microorganisms from antarctica are interesting because they produce antimicrobial compounds inhibiting the growth of other bacteria. this is particularly true for bacteria isolated from antarctic sponges. the aim of this work was to characterize a set of antarctic bacteria for their ability to produce new natural ...201122012672
cloning and extracellular expression of inulin fructotransferase from arthrobacter aurescens sk 8.001 in e. coli.difructose anhydride (dfa) iii is a natural and low-calorie sweetener. it stimulates the absorption of calcium and other minerals. inulin fructotransferase (iftase; ec 4.2.2.18), catalysing inulin hydrolysis to dfa iii, is considered to be the most promising enzyme for the production of dfa iii.201122081477
removal of hexavalent chromium of contaminated soil by coupling electrokinetic remediation and permeable reactive biobarriers.purpose: in this study, a novel and ecological alternative have been developed to treat soils contaminated with hexavalent chromium coupling two well-known systems: electrokinetic remediation and permeable reactive biobarriers. the electric field promotes the electromigration of the hexavalent chromium oxyanions towards the anode. the biobarriers were placed before the anode electrode, in order to promote the reduction and retention of the chromium migrating in its directio ...201122203400
screening of microorganisms for biodegradation of simazine pollution (obsolete pesticide azotop 50 wp).the capability of environmental microorganisms to biodegrade simazine-an active substance of 2-chloro-s-triazine herbicides (pesticide waste since 2007)-was assessed. an enormous metabolic potential of microorganisms impels to explore the possibilities of using them as an alternative way for thermal and chemical methods of utilization. first, the biotope rich in microorganisms resistant to simazine was examined. only the higher dose of simazine (100 mg/l) had an actual influence on quantity of b ...201121949452
the three-dimensional structure of nylon hydrolase and the mechanism of nylon-6 hydrolysis.we performed x-ray crystallographic analyses of the 6-aminohexanoate oligomer hydrolase (nylc) from agromyces sp. at 2.0 å-resolution. this enzyme is a member of the n-terminal nucleophile (n-tn) hydrolase superfamily that is responsible for the degradation of the nylon-6 industry byproduct. we observed four identical heterodimers (27kda+9kda), which resulted from the autoprocessing of the precursor protein (36kda) and which constitute the doughnut-shaped quaternary structure. the catalytic resi ...201122187439
[High throughput screening atrazine chlorohydrolase mutants with enhanced activity through Haematococcus pluvialis expression system].Developing a high-throughput screening method is of great importance for directed evolution of atrazine chlorohydrolase. A mutagenesis library of atzA from Pseudomonas sp. ADP and Arthrobacter sp. AD1 was constructed using error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling. Candidate mutants were screened through Haematococcus pluvialis expression system, using atrazine as selection pressure. Sequence analysis showed that mutations in the obtained 12 mutants with enhanced activity were all point-substitutions an ...201121847998
impact of pgpr inoculation on growth and antioxidant status of wheat under saline conditions.two plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (pgpr) strains, bacillus subtilis su47 and arthrobacter sp. su18, were found to tolerate 8% nacl. wheat co-inoculated with these two pgpr strains, and grown under different salinity regimes (2-6 ds m(-1) ), showed an increase in dry biomass, total soluble sugars and proline content. wheat sodium content was reduced under co-inoculated conditions but not after single inoculation with either strain or in the control. the activity of antioxidant enzymes in ...201122136617
[study on 2-methylpyridine initial catabolic pathways in arthrobacter sp. km-2mp strain]. 201121861369
Pseudoclavibacter-like subcutaneous infection: a case report.ABSTRACT:201121933406
the arthrobacter species fb24 arth_1007 (dnab) intein is a pseudogene.an arthrobacter species fb24 gene (locus tag arth_1007) was previously annotated as a putative intein-containing dnab helicase of phage origin (arsp-fb24 dnab intein). however, it is not a helicase gene because the sequence similarity is limited to inteins. in fact, the flanking exteins total only 66 amino acids. therefore, the intein should be referred to as the arsp-fb24 arth_1007 intein. the arsp-fb24 arth_1007 intein failed to splice in its native precursor and in a model precursor. we previ ...201122028863
pathway for degradation of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol in arthrobacter sp. sjcon.degradation of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol (2c4np) was studied by arthrobacter sp. sjcon, isolated from the soil of a pesticide contaminated site. this strain utilized 2c4np as sole source of carbon and energy and degraded 2c4np with stoichiometric release of nitrite and chloride ions. a metabolite was detected during the study of 2c4np degradation and identified as chlorohydroquinone (chq) by thin layer chromatography (tlc), high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), and gas chromatography-mass ...201121960016
[Isolation and identification of dominant microorganisms in rhizosphere of continuous cropping with peanut].We isolated and identified dominant microorganisms from the rhizosphere of continuous cropping with peanut, to study the relationship between dominant microorganisms and peanut continuous cropping.201121866710
transformation of tomato with a bacterial coda gene enhances tolerance to salt and water stresses.genetically engineered tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) with the ability to synthesize glycinebetaine was generated by introducing the coda gene encoding choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. integration of the coda gene in transgenic tomato plants was verified by pcr analysis and dna blot hybridization. transgenic expression of gene was verified by rt-pcr analysis and rna blot hybridization. the coda-transgenic plants showed higher tolerance to salt stress during seed germination, and ...201121342716
importance of a serine proximal to the c(4a) and n(5) flavin atoms for hydride transfer in choline oxidase.choline oxidase catalyzes the flavin-dependent, two-step oxidation of choline to glycine betaine with the formation of an aldehyde intermediate. in the first oxidation reaction, the alcohol substrate is initially activated to its alkoxide via proton abstraction. the substrate is oxidized via transfer of a hydride from the alkoxide α-carbon to the n(5) atom of the enzyme-bound flavin. in the wild-type enzyme, proton and hydride transfers are mechanistically and kinetically uncoupled. in this stud ...201121174412
identification of the catalytic residues of carboxylesterase from arthrobacter globiformis by diisopropyl fluorophosphate-labeling and site-directed mutagenesis.the role of amino acid residues in the enzymatic activity of carboxylesterase from arthrobacter globiformis was analyzed by diisopropyl fluorophosphate (dfp) labeling and site-directed mutagenesis. the electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (esi-ms) analysis of the esterase, covalently labeled by dfp, showed stoichiometric incorporation of the inhibitor into the enzyme. the further comparison of endopeptidase-digested fragments between native and dfp-labeled esterase by fast atom bombardment ...201121266781
in vivo self-hydroxylation of an iron-substituted manganese-dependent extradiol cleaving catechol dioxygenase.the homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase from arthrobacter globiformis (mndd) catalyzes the oxidative ring cleavage reaction of its catechol substrate in an extradiol fashion. although this reactivity is more typically associated with non-heme iron enzymes, mndd exhibits an unusual specificity for manganese(ii). mndd is structurally very similar to the iron(ii)-dependent homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase from brevibacterium fuscum (hpcd), and we have previously shown that both mndd and hpcd are ...201121279661
micrococcus lactis sp. nov., isolated from a dairy industry waste treatment.a gram-positive, yellow pigmented, actinobacterial strain dw152t was isolated from a dairy industry effluent treatment plant. the 16s rrna gene sequence analysis indicated that strain dw152t exhibited low similarity with many validly published species belonging to genera micrococcus and arthrobacter. however, phenotypic properties including chemotaxonomic markers affiliated strain dw152t to the genus micrococcus. strain dw152t had ai-c15:0 and i-c15:0 as major cellular fatty acids, and mk-8(h2) ...201121239567
homologous gene clusters of nicotine catabolism, including a new ?-amidase for a-ketoglutaramate, in species of three genera of gram-positive bacteria.gram-positive soil bacteria arthrobacter nicotinovorans, nocardioides sp. js614 and rhodococcus opacus were shown to contain similarly organized clusters of homologous genes for nicotine catabolism. an uncharacterized gene of a predicted nitrilase within these gene clusters was cloned from a. nicotinovorans and biochemical data unexpectedly showed that the protein exhibited ?-amidase activity toward a-ketoglutaramate. structural modelling of the protein suggested the presence of the catalytic tr ...201121288482
crystallographic snapshots of the complete reaction cycle of nicotine degradation by an amine oxidase of the monoamine oxidase (mao) family.fad-linked oxidases constitute a class of enzymes which catalyze dehydrogenation as a fundamental biochemical reaction, followed by reoxidation of reduced flavin. here, we present high-resolution crystal structures showing the flavoenzyme 6-hydroxy-l-nicotine oxidase in action. this enzyme was trapped during catalytic degradation of the native substrate in a sequence of discrete reaction states corresponding to the substrate-reduced enzyme, a complex of the enzyme with the intermediate enamine p ...201121383134
structural and enzyme activity studies demonstrate that aryl substituted 2,3-butadienamine analogs inactivate arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao) by chemical derivatization of the 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (tpq) cofactor.copper amine oxidases (caos) are a family of redox active enzymes containing a 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (tpq) cofactor generated from post translational modification of an active site tyrosine residue. the arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao) has been widely used as a model to guide the design and development of selective inhibitors of caos. in this study, two aryl 2,3-butadienamine analogs, racemic 5-phenoxy-2,3-pentadienylamine (popda) and racemic 6-phenyl-2,3-hexadienyla ...201121215824
assimilative and co-metabolic degradation of chloral hydrate by bacteria and their bioremediation potential.although the bacterial degradation of chloral hydrate (ch) has been recognized for several decades, its degradation pathway by assimilation has not been demonstrated. in this paper, we report the isolation of the lf54 bacterial strain, which utilizes ch as its sole carbon and energy source. lf54 converted ch into trichloroethanol (tcaol), which was dehalogenated to dichloroethanol (dcaol), and co(2) was detected as the end product. another strain that we isolated, rs20, co-metabolized ch into tc ...201121220209
isolation and characterization of metal resistant-tolerant rhizosphere bacteria from the serpentine soils in turkey.despite the number of studies describing metal hyper-accumulating plants and their associated bacteria in various regions and countries, there is no information on rhizosphere microbial potential of the turkish serpentine soils. this study aimed to explore the rhizosphere microbial diversity of ni-resistant, hyper-accumulating plants grown on ni-rich soils and their metal tolerance-resistance characteristics. one hundred ninety-one locations were visited to collect soil and plant samples from di ...201121404012
simultaneous phenanthrene and cadmium removal from contaminated soil by a ligand/biosurfactant solution.surfactants and inorganic ligands are pointed as efficient to simultaneous removal of heavy metals and hydrophobic organic pollutants from soil. however, the biosurfactants are potentially less toxic to soil organisms than other chemical agents. thus, in this study the efficiency of combinations of iodide (i(-)) ligand and surfactants produced by different bacterial species in the simultaneous removal of cadmium (cd(2+)) and phenanthrene in a haplustox soil sample was investigated. four microbia ...201121416334
molecular characterization of cold-inducible beta-galactosidase from arthrobacter sp. on14 isolated from antarctica.a psychrotrophic bacterium, arthrobacter sp. on14, isolated from antarctica, was shown to exhibit a high beta-galactosidase activity at a low temperature. a genomic library of on14 was constructed and screened for beta-galactosidase genes on functional plates containing 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside (x-gal) as the substrate. two different beta-galactosidase genes, named as gala, galb, were found in on14. computational analyses of the genes revealed that the encoded protein ...201121464592
genomic heterogeneity within conservedmetabolic pathways of arthrobacter species - a bioinformatic approach.a comparative genomic analysis of three species of the soil bacterium arthrobacter was undertaken with specific emphasis on genes involved in important and core energy metabolism pathways like glycolysis and amino acid metabolism. during the course of this study, it was revealed that codon bias of a particular species, namely arthrobacter aurescens tc1, is significantly lower than that of the other two species a. chlorophenolicus a6 and arthrobacter sp. fb24. the codon bias was also found to be ...201121423891
amylolytic microorganism from s+úo paulo zoo composting: isolation, identification, and amylase production.composting is a way of transforming the organic waste into fertilizer, minimizing the use of inorganic compounds that may contaminate the environment. this transformation is the result of the microorganism action, converting complex carbon sources into energy. enzymes that are exported by the microorganisms to the surrounding environment mediate this process. the aiming of the present work is to prospect the compost produced by the organic composting unit (ocu) of the funda+º+úo parque zool+¦gic ...201121845217
regulation of expression of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase during cold shock in arthrobacter strain a3.trehalose is a chemical chaperone known to protect a variety of organisms against cold stress. members of the genus arthrobacter, which belongs to the actinomycetales group, exhibit strong resistance to stress conditions, but exactly how trehalose synthesis is regulated in conditions of cold stress is still unknown. here, we report that arthrobacter strain a3, which was isolated from the alpine permafrost, has only two trehalose synthesis pathways (otsa/b and tres), while other arthrobacter spp. ...201121630027
screening of microorganisms producing cold-active oxidoreductases to be applied in enantioselective alcohol oxidation. an antarctic survey.several microorganisms were isolated from soil/sediment samples of antarctic peninsula. the enrichment technique using (rs)-1-(phenyl)ethanol as a carbon source allowed us to isolate 232 psychrophile/psychrotroph microorganisms. we also evaluated the enzyme activity (oxidoreductases) for enantioselective oxidation reactions, by using derivatives of (rs)-1-(phenyl)ethanol as substrates. among the studied microorganisms, 15 psychrophile/psychrotroph strains contain oxidoreductases that catalyze th ...201121673897
biodegradation kinetics of 4-fluorocinnamic acid by a consortium of arthrobacter and ralstonia strains.arthrobacter sp. strain g1 is able to grow on 4-fluorocinnamic acid (4-fca) as sole carbon source. the organism converts 4-fca into 4-fluorobenzoic acid (4-fba) and utilizes the two-carbon side-chain for growth with some formation of 4-fluoroacetophenone as a dead-end side product. we also have isolated ralstonia sp. strain h1, an organism that degrades 4-fba. a consortium of strains g1 and h1 degraded 4-fca with monod kinetics during growth in batch and continuous cultures. specific growth rate ...201121728015
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