Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| agar-plated bacteria found in the activated sludge of lab-scale sbr and cfstr systems. | we identified and compared the predominant agar-plated bacteria in the activated sludge of two popular wastewater treatment systems, the sequencing batch reactor (sbr) and the continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (cfstr). all tests had the same feed composition except for the buffer intensity. it was found that corynebacterium sp. seemed to prefer growing under lower buffer condition, and arthrobacter sp. grew dominantly in the system with higher buffer intensity. gram-negative bacteria appeared ... | 2003 | 12676503 |
| [the effect of sulfur on the hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria of different genera growth]. | 2003 | 12751253 | |
| inhibition of six copper-containing amine oxidases by the antidepressant drug tranylcypromine. | potential inhibitory effects of the clinically utilized monoamine oxidase inhibitor tranylcypromine (tcp) on mammalian, plant, bacterial, and fungal copper-containing amine oxidases have been examined. the following enzymes have been investigated: human kidney diamine oxidase (hkao), bovine plasma amine oxidase (bpao), equine plasma amine oxidase (epao), pea seedling amine oxidase (psao), arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao), and pichia pastoris lysyl oxidase (pplo). only bpao, epao, an ... | 2003 | 12686142 |
| process for producing the potential food ingredient dfa iii from inulin: screening, genetic engineering, fermentation and immobilisation of inulase ii. | difructose anhydride (dfa iii) is a new potential sweet food additive. a screening was undertaken to isolate bacterial strains for conversion of inulin to dfa. of special interest were thermotolerant enzymes. some 400 strains were investigated, among four of them produce dfa and strain buo141 expresses an extracellular enzyme which is stable at elevated temperatures. based on metabolic data and 16s-rrna-sequencing, the strain was identified as a new arthrobacter species. for increased enzyme pro ... | 2003 | 12695027 |
| cold adaptation of a psychrophilic chitinase: a mutagenesis study. | the gene encoding chitinase archib from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. tad20 has been expressed in escherichia coli and the recombinant enzyme purified to homogeneity. in an effort to engineer cold-adapted biocatalysts through rational redesign to operate at elevated temperatures, we performed several mutations aiming to increase the rigidity of the molecular edifice of the selected psychrophilic chitinase. the mutations were designed on the basis of a homology-based three-dimensional model of t ... | 2003 | 12915727 |
| arthrobacter koreensis sp. nov., a novel alkalitolerant bacterium from soil. | two arthrobacter strains, ca15-8(t) and ca15-9, were isolated from soil, under alkali conditions, and characterized phenotypically, chemotaxonomically and genetically. these alkalitolerant organisms grew over a wide ph range (ph 7.0-12.0), with an optimum at ph 7.0-8.0. the mean g+c content of the dna of these strains was 63+/-2 mol%. the strains contained mk-8(h(2)) and mk-9(h(2)) as the main respiratory quinones. the cell-wall peptidoglycan was lys-thr-ala(2) and the whole-cell sugar was rhamn ... | 2003 | 13130006 |
| characterization and molecular cloning of a novel enzyme, inorganic polyphosphate/atp-glucomannokinase, of arthrobacter sp. strain km. | a bacterium exhibiting activities of several inorganic polyphosphate [poly(p)]- and atp-dependent kinases, including glucokinase, nad kinase, mannokinase, and fructokinase, was isolated, determined to belong to the genus arthrobacter, and designated arthrobacter sp. strain km. among the kinases, a novel enzyme responsible for the poly(p)- and atp-dependent mannokinase activities was purified 2,200-fold to homogeneity from a cell extract of the bacterium. the purified enzyme was a monomer with a ... | 2003 | 12839753 |
| inhibition of beta-fructofuranosidases and alpha-glucosidases by synthetic thio-fructofuranoside. | a synthetic beta-thio-fructofuranoside of mercaptoethanol inhibited not only beta-fructofuranosidases but also alpha-glucosidases. the compound was hardly hydrolyzed by the glycosidases. the thio-fructoside competitively inhibited beta-fructofuranosidases from aspergillus niger, candida sp., and saccharomyces cerevisiae, but not arthrobacter beta-fructofuranosidase at all. sucrase activity of rat intestinal sucrase/isomaltase complex was also suppressed in the presence of the thio-fructoside. th ... | 2003 | 12951505 |
| biochemical characterization of a beta-galactosidase with a low temperature optimum obtained from an antarctic arthrobacter isolate. | a psychrophilic gram-positive isolate was obtained from antarctic dry valley soil. it utilized lactose, had a rod-coccus cycle, and contained lysine as the diamino acid in its cell wall. consistent with these physiological traits, the 16s ribosomal dna sequence showed that it was phylogenetically related to other arthrobacter species. a gene (bgas) encoding a family 2 beta-galactosidase was cloned from this organism into an escherichia coli host. preliminary results showed that the enzyme was co ... | 2003 | 12949099 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of inorganic polyphosphate/atp-glucomannokinase from arthrobacter sp. strain km. | inorganic polyphosphate [poly(p)]/atp-glucomannokinase from arthrobacter sp. strain km phosphorylates glucose and mannose, utilizing both atp and poly(p) as phosphoryl donors. the enzyme was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified and crystallized by means of the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method with ammonium sulfate as the precipitant. the crystals were orthorhombic and belonged to space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 66.2, b = 83.7, c = 103.8 a. assuming two molecul ... | 2003 | 12925806 |
| dimethylphthalate hydrolysis by specific microbial esterase. | two bacterial strains: arthrobacter sp. and sphingomonas paucimobilis were isolated from soil by enrichment cultures using dimethylphthalate (dmp) or monomethylphthalate (mmp) as sole carbon source, respectively. dmp was rapidly transformed by an arthrobacter sp. culture with formation of mmp and phthalic acid (pa) which is further degraded. this strain was unable to hydrolyse mmp. a mechanism of degradation of dmp was proposed with two ways: dmp-->pa and dmp-->mmp. the s. paucimobilis strain hy ... | 2003 | 12668024 |
| characterization of the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coenzyme a thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. | the arthrobacter sp. strain su 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) dehalogenation pathway converts 4-cba to 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-hba). the pathway operon contains the genes fcba, fcbb, and fcbc (a. schmitz, k. h. gartemann, j. fiedler, e. grund, and r. eichenlaub, appl. environ. microbiol. 58:4068-4071, 1992). genes fcba and fcbb encode 4-cba-coenzyme a (coa) ligase and 4-cba-coa dehalogenase, respectively, whereas the function of fcbc is not known. we subcloned fcbc and expressed it in escherichia coli, a ... | 2003 | 12732540 |
| d-arginase of arthrobacter sp. kuj 8602: characterization and its identity with zn(2+)-guanidinobutyrase. | d-arginase activity was found in the cells of an isolate, arthrobacter sp. kuj 8602, grown in the l-arginine medium, and the enzyme was purified and characterized. its molecular weight was estimated to be about 232,000 by gel filtration, and that of the subunit was approximately 40,000 by sds-page, suggesting that the enzyme is a homohexamer. the enzyme acted on not only d-arginine but also 4-guanidinobutyrate, 3-guanidinopropionate and even l-arginine. the v(max)/k(m) values for 4-guanidinobuty ... | 2003 | 12761196 |
| a set of glycoproteins recognized by a2b5 antibody with major bands at 55 and 76 kda is overexpressed in human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. | a2b5 antibody was found to strongly label frozen sections of human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. the low amount of glycolipids (c-series gangliosides and sulfatides) purified from the same tumors and reactive with a2b5 by immunostaining on thin-layer plates could not account for the high level of tissue labeling. proteins were extracted from both normal tissues and squamous cell carcinomas and analyzed by western blot with a2b5 antibody on pvdf membranes. the antibody was found to stai ... | 2003 | 12770779 |
| [xylose(glucose) isomerase reactivity of immobilized arthrobacter sp]. | the study of the xylose/glucose isomerase-containing arthrobacter sp. b-5 cells immobilized in cobalt hydroxide gel showed that immobilization increases the substrate affinity of the enzyme, its thermo- and ph-optima of action and stability, and makes unnecessary the addition of stabilizing cobalt ions to the isomerization medium. | 2003 | 12901016 |
| structural characterization and mapping of the covalently linked fad cofactor in choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. | the flavoenzyme choline oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of choline and betaine aldehyde to betaine. earlier studies have shown that the choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis contains fad covalently linked to a histidine residue. to identify the exact type of flavin binding, the fad-carrying amino acid residue was released by acid hydrolysis. the fluorescence excitation maxima of the isolated aminoacylriboflavin, showing a hypsochromic shift of the near-ultraviolet band relative to ribofl ... | 2003 | 12795615 |
| members of the genus arthrobacter grow anaerobically using nitrate ammonification and fermentative processes: anaerobic adaptation of aerobic bacteria abundant in soil. | members of the genus arthrobacter are usually regarded as obligate aerobic bacteria. the anaerobic growth and energy metabolism of two arthrobacter species were investigated. arthrobacter globiformis utilized both nitrate ammonification and lactate, acetate and ethanol producing fermentation processes for anaerobic growth. only nitrate supported anaerobic growth of arthrobacter nicotianae. anaerobically induced respiratory nitrate reductase activity was detected in both strains. neither of the t ... | 2003 | 12829291 |
| a novel enzyme, d-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase from paracoccus denitrificans ifo 13301: purification, characterization, and gene cloning. | a novel enzyme, d-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase (d-haa), catalyzing the conversion of d-3-hydroxyaspartate to glyoxylate plus glycine, was purified to homogeneity from paracoccus denitrificans ifo 13301. d-haa is strictly d-specific as to the alpha-position, whereas the enzyme does not distinguish between threo and erythro forms at the beta-position. in addition to d-3-hydroxyaspartate, the enzyme also acts on d-threonine, d-3-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine, d-3-3,4-methylenedioxyphenylserine, and d-3- ... | 2003 | 12835921 |
| catabolism of arylboronic acids by arthrobacter nicotinovorans strain pba. | arthrobacter sp. strain pba metabolized phenylboronic acid to phenol. the oxygen atom in phenol was shown to be derived from the atmosphere using (18)o(2). 1-naphthalene-, 2-naphthalene-, 3-cyanophenyl-, 2,5-fluorophenyl-, and 3-thiophene-boronic acids were also transformed to monooxygenated products. the oxygen atom in the product was bonded to the ring carbon atom originally bearing the boronic acid substituent with all the substrates tested. | 2003 | 12839810 |
| mode of action and antifungal properties of two cold-adapted chitinases. | the mode of action of two chitinases from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. strain tad20 on n-acetyl-chitooligomers and chitin polymers has been elucidated. identification of the length of chitin oligomers following enzymatic hydrolysis was verified by using hplc-based analysis. it was observed that the length of the oligomer is important for enzyme action. the enzymes cannot effectively hydrolyze chitin oligomers with a degree of polymerization lower than four. archia is an endochitinase which hyd ... | 2003 | 12884086 |
| ahld, an n-acylhomoserine lactonase in arthrobacter sp., and predicted homologues in other bacteria. | quorum sensing is a signalling mechanism that controls diverse biological functions, including virulence, via n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) signal molecules in gram-negative bacteria. with the aim of isolating strains or enzymes capable of blocking quorum sensing by inactivating ahl, bacteria were screened for ahl degradation by their ability to utilize n-3-oxohexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (ohhl) as the sole carbon source. among four isolates, strain ibn110, identified as arthrobacter sp., was ... | 2003 | 12777494 |
| toxicity of hexavalent chromium and its reduction by bacteria isolated from soil contaminated with tannery waste. | an arthrobacter sp. and a bacillus sp., isolated from a long-term tannery waste contaminated soil, were examined for their tolerance to hexavalent chromium [cr(vi)] and their ability to reduce cr(vi) to cr(iii), a detoxification process in cell suspensions and cell extracts. both bacteria tolerated cr(vi) at 100 mg/ml on a minimal salts agar medium supplemented with 0.5% glucose, but only arthrobacter could grow in liquid medium at this concentration. arthrobacter sp. could reduce cr(vi) up to 5 ... | 2003 | 12783193 |
| gold electrodes wired for coupling with the deeply buried active site of arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase. | diethylaniline-terminated oligo(phenyl-ethynyl)-thiol (dea-ope-sh) wires on au-bead electrodes facilitate electron tunneling to and from the deeply buried topaquinone (tpq) cofactor in arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao). reversible cyclic voltammograms were observed when agao was adsorbed onto this dea-ope-sau surface: the 2e-/2h+ reduction potential is -140 mv versus sce. | 2003 | 12797771 |
| the structure of 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coa thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. | the 4-chlorobenzoyl-coa dehalogenation pathway in certain arthrobacter and pseudomonas bacterial species contains three enzymes: a ligase, a dehalogenase, and a thioesterase. here we describe the high resolution x-ray crystallographic structure of the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coa thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. the tetrameric enzyme is a dimer of dimers with each subunit adopting the so-called "hot dog fold" composed of six strands of anti-parallel beta-sheet flanked on one side by a rathe ... | 2003 | 12907670 |
| channelling and formation of 'active' formaldehyde in dimethylglycine oxidase. | here we report crystal structures of dimethylglycine oxidase (dmgo) from the bacterium arthrobacter globiformis, a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of n,n-dimethyl glycine and the formation of 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. the n-terminal region binds fad covalently and oxidizes dimethylglycine to a labile iminium intermediate. the c-terminal region binds tetrahydrofolate, comprises three domains arranged in a ring-like structure and is related to the t-protein of the glycine c ... | 2003 | 12912903 |
| ph and deuterium kinetic isotope effects studies on the oxidation of choline to betaine-aldehyde catalyzed by choline oxidase. | the fad-dependent choline oxidase catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine-betaine, with betaine-aldehyde as intermediate. the enzyme is capable of accepting either choline or betaine-aldehyde as a substrate, allowing the investigation of the reaction mechanism for both the conversion of choline to betaine-aldehyde and of betaine-aldehyde to glycine-betaine. in the present study, ph and deuterium kinetic isotope effects with [1,2-2h(4)]-choline were used to study the mechanism ... | 2003 | 12922164 |
| a calorimetric characterization of cr(vi)-reducing arthrobacter oxydans at different phases of the cell growth cycle. | this is the first of a series of calorimetric studies designed to characterize and understand survival mechanisms of metal-reducing bacteria isolated from metal-polluted environments. in this paper we introduce a new concept of thermal spectrum of the endothermic melting of complex biological systems (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, ribosomes, membrane structures) in intact cells. all thermal spectra measured are thermograms that describe the temperature dependence of heat capacity change of the ... | 2003 | 12806104 |
| proteolytic activity of a yeast cell wall lytic arthrobacter species. | to investigate properties of the proteolytic activity of a yeast cell wall lytic soil bacterium identified as an arthrobacter species. | 2003 | 12641716 |
| predominant bacillus spp. in agricultural soil under different management regimes detected via pcr-dgge. | a pcr system for studying the diversity of species of bacillus and related taxa directly from soil was developed. for this purpose, a specific 24-bp forward primer located around position 110 of the 16s ribosomal rna gene was designed and combined with a reverse bacterial primer located at the end of the gene. the specificity of this pcr system for bacilli and related taxons was confirmed on the basis of tests with diverse strains as well as with soil dna. analysis of a soil dna derived clone li ... | 2003 | 12632212 |
| isolation and characterization of psychrophiles producing cold-active beta-galactosidase. | the present study was conducted to screen for psychrophilic micro-organisms that are able to hydrolyse lactose at low temperature, and to examine the cold-active beta-galactosidase produced by the isolated psychrophilic micro-organisms. | 2003 | 12859659 |
| arthrobacter strain vai-a utilizes acyl-homoserine lactone inactivation products and stimulates quorum signal biodegradation by variovorax paradoxus. | many proteobacteria produce acyl-homoserine lactones (acyl-hsls) and employ them as dedicated cell-to-cell signals in a process known as quorum sensing. previously, variovorax paradoxus vai-c was shown to utilize diverse acyl-hsls as sole sources of energy and nitrogen. we describe here the properties of a second isolate, arthrobacter strain vai-a, obtained from the same enrichment culture that yielded v. paradoxus vai-c. although strain vai-a grew rapidly and exponentially on a number of substr ... | 2003 | 12571011 |
| purification and properties of a heat-stable inulin fructotransferase from arthrobacter ureafaciens. | an inulin fructotransferase producing difructose dianhydride i (ec 2.4.1.200) was purified from arthrobacter ureafaciens a51-1. it had maximum activity at ph 5.5 and 45 degrees c, and was stable up to 80 degrees c. this is the highest thermal stability for this enzyme reported to date. the molecular mass was estimated to be 38000 by sds-page, and 61000 by gel filtration. it was therefore estimated to be a dimer. | 2003 | 12889813 |
| isolation and characterization of an atrazine-degrading bacterium from industrial wastewater in china. | to isolate and characterize atrazine-degrading bacteria in order to identify suitable candidates for potential use in bioremediation of atrazine contamination. | 2003 | 12680937 |
| sequence of the 165-kilobase catabolic plasmid pao1 from arthrobacter nicotinovorans and identification of a pao1-dependent nicotine uptake system. | the 165-kb catabolic plasmid pao1 enables the gram-positive soil bacterium arthrobacter nicotinovorans to grow on the tobacco alkaloid l-nicotine. the 165,137-nucleotide sequence, with an overall g+c content of 59.7%, revealed, besides genes and open reading frames (orfs) for nicotine degradation, a complete set of orfs for enzymes essential for the biosynthesis of the molybdenum dinucleotide cofactor, as well as orfs related to uptake and utilization of carbohydrates, sarcosine, and amino acids ... | 2003 | 12618462 |
| microbial diversity and resistance to copper in metal-contaminated lake sediment. | contamination of habitats with heavy metals has become a worldwide problem. we describe herein the analysis of lake sediment contaminated with high concentrations of copper as a consequence of mine milling disposal over a 100-year period. copper concentrations in the sediment were found to vary with depth and ranged from 200 to 5500 ppm. analysis of the microbial community with t-rflp identified a minimum of 20 operational taxonomic units (otu). t-rflp analysis along a depth profile detected as ... | 2003 | 12545313 |
| naphthalene-utilizing and mercury-resistant bacteria isolated from an acidic environment. | soil samples were taken from areas of low ph (2.5-3.5) surrounding an outdoor coal storage pile. these samples were added to medium with naphthalene as the sole carbon source to enrich for organisms capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) at low ph. five such bacterial strains were isolated. sequencing of the 16s rdna showed them to be members of the genera clavibacter, arthrobacter and acidocella. these organisms were all capable of growth with naphthalene as a sole carbon s ... | 2003 | 12827325 |
| kinetic mechanism of choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. | choline oxidase catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine-betaine, with betaine-aldehyde as intermediate and molecular oxygen as primary electron acceptor. the enzyme is capable of accepting betaine-aldehyde as a substrate, allowing the investigation of the reaction mechanism for both the conversion of choline to the aldehyde intermediate and of betaine-aldehyde to glycine-betaine. the steady state kinetic mechanism has been determined at ph 7 with choline and betaine-aldehyde ... | 2003 | 12637017 |
| chemoenzymatic synthesis of high-mannose type hiv-1 gp120 glycopeptides. | a chemoenzymatic approach to the synthesis of glycoforms of hiv-1 gp120 glycopeptides is described. thus, the high-mannose type glycopeptides [gp120 (336-342)] containing man(9), man(6) and man(5) moieties, respectively, were synthesized in satisfactory yields via transglycosylation to the acetylglucosaminyl peptide, using the recombinant arthrobacter endo-beta-n-acetyl-glucosaminidase (endo-a) as the key enzyme. | 2003 | 12565922 |
| role of copper ion in bacterial copper amine oxidase: spectroscopic and crystallographic studies of metal-substituted enzymes. | the role of the active site cu(2+) of phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis (agao) has been studied by substitution with other divalent cations, where we were able to remove >99.5% of cu(2+) from the active site. the enzymes reconstituted with co(2+) and ni(2+) (co- and ni-agao) exhibited 2.2 and 0.9% activities, respectively, of the original cu(2+)-enzyme (cu-agao), but their k(m) values for amine substrate and dioxygen were comparable. x-ray crystal structures of the co- and n ... | 2003 | 12537504 |
| mrna differential display in a microbial enrichment culture: simultaneous identification of three cyclohexanone monooxygenases from three species. | mrna differential display has been used to identify cyclohexanone oxidation genes in a mixed microbial community derived from a wastewater bioreactor. thirteen dna fragments randomly amplified from the total rna of an enrichment subculture exposed to cyclohexanone corresponded to genes predicted to be involved in the degradation of cyclohexanone. nine of these dna fragments are part of genes encoding three distinct baeyer-villiger cyclohexanone monooxygenases from three different bacterial speci ... | 2003 | 12514013 |
| the crystal structure of pichia pastoris lysyl oxidase. | pichia pastoris lysyl oxidase (pplo) is unique among the structurally characterized copper amine oxidases in being able to oxidize the side chain of lysine residues in polypeptides. remarkably, the yeast pplo is nearly as effective in oxidizing a mammalian tropoelastin substrate as is a true mammalian lysyl oxidase isolated from bovine aorta. thus, pplo is functionally related to the copper-containing lysyl oxidases despite the lack of any significant sequence similarity with these enzymes. the ... | 2003 | 14690425 |
| expression, crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic studies of arthrobacter globiformis inulin fructotransferase. | a recombinant form of arthrobacter globiformis inulin fructotransferase (dfaiii-producing) has been overexpressed in escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. crystals were obtained at 293 k by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion technique using 0.1 m na hepes ph 7.5 buffer containing 1.5 m lithium sulfate as a precipitant. crystals of the recombinant wild-type enzyme diffracted to better than 1.5 a at 100 k using a synchrotron-radiation source at the photon factory. the crystal belonged to sp ... | 2003 | 14646096 |
| arthrobacter gandavensis sp. nov., for strains of veterinary origin. | three strains of a previously undescribed, gram-positive, coryneform bacterium, which were isolated from cattle, were subjected to polyphasic taxonomic analysis. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing revealed that the unknown isolates were members of the genus arthrobacter and were phylogenetically closely related to arthrobacter luteolus. however, dna-dna hybridization indicated that the strains belonged to a new sub-lineage within the genus arthrobacter. the unknown isolates can be distinguishe ... | 2003 | 14657117 |
| reconfirmation of antimicrobial activity in the coelomic fluid of the earthworm eisenia fetida andrei by colorimetric assay. | a novel tetrazolium salt, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulphophenyl)-2h-tetrazolium (mts) was used in the assessment of antimicrobial activity in earthworm in the presence of phenazine methosulphate (pms) as an electron coupling reagent. this activity was purified from the coelomic fluid of the earthworm (ecf), eisenia fetida andrei (oligochaeta, lumbricidae, annelids) using a series of column chromatography techniques and was tested against three gram-negative st ... | 2003 | 14660872 |
| microbial synthesis of (r)- and (s)-3,4-dimethoxyamphetamines through stereoselective transamination. | two soil isolates, arthrobactersp. knk168 and pseudomonas sp. knk425, aminated 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetone in presence of sec-butylamine as an amino donor to yield 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine (dma) with different enantioselectivities. the former gave (r)-dma (>99% e.e.) and the latter the (s)-isomer (>99% e.e.). | 2003 | 14677709 |
| spectroscopic and kinetic properties of recombinant choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. | choline oxidase catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine betaine, with molecular oxygen acting as primary electron acceptor. recently, the recombinant enzyme expressed in escherichia coli was purified to homogeneity and shown to contain fad in a mixture of oxidized and anionic semiquinone redox states [fan et al. (2003) arch. biochem. biophys., in press]. in this study, methods have been devised to convert the enzyme-bound flavin semiquinone to oxidized fad and vice versa, all ... | 2003 | 14690428 |
| stereochemistry of 2-phenylethylamine oxidation catalyzed by bacterial copper amine oxidase. | the stereochemical course of the reaction catalyzed by a copper amine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis has been investigated using 2-phenylethylamine stereospecifically deuterium-labeled at the c1 position. measurements of deuterium content in the product, phenylacetaldehyde, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed stereospecific abstraction of the pro-s hydrogen during the enzymatic oxidation, as predicted from the structure modeling for the enzyme-bound substrate. | 2003 | 14730151 |
| biotransformations of propenylbenzenes by an arthrobacter sp. and its t-anethole blocked mutants. | propenylbenzenes are often used as starting materials in the chemical synthesis of aroma compounds and fine chemicals. in the present study, we demonstrate the ability of an arthrobacter sp. to transform various structures of propenylbenzenes derived from essential oils to flavor, fragrance, and fine chemicals. arthrobacter strain ta13 and its t-anethole blocked mutants (incapable of growing on t-anethole) converted isoeugenol to vanillin and vanillic acid; and safrole to hydroxychavicol. high c ... | 2003 | 14511910 |
| pyrocoll, an antibiotic, antiparasitic and antitumor compound produced by a novel alkaliphilic streptomyces strain. | a new secondary metabolite was detected in the culture extract of streptomyces sp. ak 409 by hplc-diode-array screening. the metabolite was identified as pyrocoll, which is known to be a constituent of cigarette smoke. pyrocoll is known as a synthetic compound, but until now had not been isolated as a natural product from a microorganism. the compound showed biological activity against various arthrobacter strains, filamentous fungi, several pathogenic protozoa, and some human tumor cell lines. | 2003 | 14513907 |
| [the quantity and structure of the root-associated microbial complexes of two greenhouse rose cultivars]. | the study of the root-associated microbial complexes of affected and healthy rose plants of two cultivars (grand gala and royal velvet) grown in a greenhouse showed that the biomass of eukaryotic microorganisms in the rhizoplane and rhizosphere of healthy rose plants and in the surrounding soil was considerably lower than in the same loci of affected plants. in contrast, the biomass of root-associated prokaryotic microorganisms was higher in the case of healthy than in the case of affected rose ... | 2003 | 14526548 |
| identification and differentiation of species and strains of arthrobacter and microbacterium barkeri isolated from smear cheeses with amplified ribosmal dna restriction analysis (ardra) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). | ardra (amplified ribosomal-dna restriction analysis) was used to differentiate among species and genera of arthrobacter and microbacteria. species-specific restriction patterns of pcr-products were obtained with ncii for arthrobacter citreus (dsm 20133t), a. sulfureus (dsm 20167t), a. globiformis (dsm 20124t) and a. nicotianae strains (dsm 20123t, mge 10d, ca13, ca14, isolate 95293, 95294, and 95299), a. rhombi ccug 38813t, and ccug 38812, and microbacterium barkeri strains (dsm 30123t, mge 10d, ... | 2003 | 14529187 |
| characterization of hdnor, the transcriptional repressor of the 6-hydroxy-d-nicotine oxidase gene of arthrobacter nicotinovorans pao1, and its dna-binding activity in response to l- and d-nicotine derivatives. | utilization of l-nicotine as growth substrate by arthrobacter nicotinovorans pao1 starts with hydroxylation of the pyridine ring at c6. next, the pyrrolidine ring is oxidized by 6-hydroxy-l-nicotine oxidase, which acts strictly stereo-specific on the l-enantiomer. surprisingly, l-nicotine also induces the synthesis of a 6-hydroxy-d-nicotine-specific oxidase in the bacteria. genes of nicotine-degrading enzymes are located on the catabolic plasmid pao1. the pao1 sequence revealed that the 6-hydrox ... | 2003 | 14534317 |
| influence of al on growth, cell size and content of intracellular water of arthrobacter sp. pi/1-95. | a distinct inhibition of the growth of a typical soil-born bacterium, arthrobacter sp. pi/1-95, by aluminium was established. the content of intracellular water and (consequently) the cell size of the bacterium significantly increased when cells came into contact with aluminium. both parameters were also increased when applying hcl, but al caused the greater change, so that a distinct discrimination between the effects of aluminium on the one hand and a sole ph-effect on the other hand was possi ... | 2003 | 14574119 |
| electron spin resonance study of chromium(v) formation and decomposition by basalt-inhabiting bacteria. | bacterial reduction of cr(vi) to cr(iii) compounds may produce reactive intermediates cr(v) and cr(iv), which can affect the mobility and toxicity of chromium in environments. to address this important subject, we conducted an electron spin resonance (esr) study to understand the kinetics of the formation and decomposition of cr(v) during cr(vi) reduction by different gram-positive cr(vi)-tolerant bacteria, which were isolated from polluted basalts from the united states of america and the repub ... | 2003 | 14594378 |
| production of an egg yolk antibody specific to microbial uricase and its inhibitory effects on uricase activity. | ammonia gas produced from poultry manure can be a potential source of environmental pollution. microbial uricase in poultry manure is an important target enzyme to reduce ammonia production because ammonia is mainly generated from the microbial decomposition of uric acid in the manure. thus, the inhibition of microbial uricase is critical in preventing nh3 volatilization. a potential method of inhibiting uricase activity is the use of antibodies specific to microbial uricase. therefore, this stu ... | 2003 | 14601732 |
| branching of o-nitrobenzoate degradation pathway in arthrobacter protophormiae rkj100: identification of new intermediates. | we have earlier reported a novel reductive pathway for o-nitrobenzoate (onb) degradation (at 0.5 mm) in arthrobacter protophormiae rkj100, which proceeds via the formation of o-hydroxylaminobenzoate (haba) and anthranilate (aa). during growth of this organism at 40 times higher concentration (20 mm) of onb, 3-hydroxyanthranilate (haa) was identified as an intermediate by thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography studies. crude cell extracts of onb-g ... | 2003 | 14680704 |
| bacterial populations associated with the oxidation and reduction of arsenic in an unsaturated soil. | microbial populations responsible for the oxidation and reduction of as were examined in unsaturated (aerobic) soil columns treated with 75 microm arsenite [as(iii)] or 250 microm arsenate [as(v)]. arsenite [as(iii)] was rapidly oxidized to as(v) via microbial activity, whereas no apparent reduction of as(v) was observed in the column experiments. eight aerobic heterotrophic bacteria with varying as redox phenotypes were isolated from the same columns. three isolates, identified as agrobacterium ... | 2004 | 14740724 |
| diversity of l-leucine catabolism in various microorganisms involved in dairy fermentations, and identification of the rate-controlling step in the formation of the potent flavour component 3-methylbutanal. | various microorganisms, belonging to the genera lactococcus, lactobacillus, streptococcus, leuconostoc, bifidobacterium, propionibacterium, brevibacterium, corynebacterium and arthrobacter, used in dairy fermentations such as cheese making, were analysed for their potential to convert leucine into flavour components, most notably 3-methylbutanal. a large variation between and within species was observed for various enzyme activities involved in the conversion pathway, e.g. transaminases, alpha-h ... | 2004 | 14624315 |
| cloning, sequence analysis, and purification of choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis: a bacterial enzyme involved in osmotic stress tolerance. | choline oxidase catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine betaine, one of a limited number of compounds that accumulate to high levels in the cytoplasm of cells to prevent dehydration and plasmolysis in adverse hyperosmotic environments. in the present study, the highly gc rich coda gene encoding for choline oxidase was cloned from genomic dna of arthrobacter globiformis strain atcc 8010 and expressed to high yields in escherichia coli strain rosetta(de3)plyss. the resulting en ... | 2004 | 14678796 |
| structural insights into substrate specificity and function of glucodextranase. | a glucodextranase (igdase) from arthrobacter globiformis i42 hydrolyzes alpha-1,6-glucosidic linkages of dextran from the non-reducing end to produce beta-d-glucose via an inverting reaction mechanism and classified into the glycoside hydrolase family 15 (gh15). here we cloned the igdase gene and determined the crystal structures of igdase of the unliganded form and the complex with acarbose at 2.42-a resolution. the structure of igdase is composed of four domains n, a, b, and c. domain a forms ... | 2004 | 14660574 |
| arthrobacter aurescens tc1 atrazine catabolism genes trzn, atzb, and atzc are linked on a 160-kilobase region and are functional in escherichia coli. | arthrobacter aurescens strain tc1 metabolizes atrazine to cyanuric acid via trzn, atzb, and atzc. the complete sequence of a 160-kb bacterial artificial chromosome clone indicated that trzn, atzb, and atzc are linked on the a. aurescens genome. trzn, atzb, and atzc were shown to be functional in escherichia coli. hybridization studies localized trzn, atzb, and atzc to a 380-kb plasmid in a. aurescens strain tc1. | 2004 | 15240330 |
| degradation of phenol and toxicity of phenolic compounds: a comparison of cold-tolerant arthrobacter sp. and mesophilic pseudomonas putida. | phenol degradation efficiency of cold-tolerant arthrobacter sp. ag31 and mesophilic pseudomonas putida dsm6414 was compared. the cold-tolerant strain was cultivated at 10 degrees c, while the mesophile was grown at 25 degrees c. both strains degraded 200 mg and 400 mg phenol/l within 48-72 h of cultivation, but the cold-tolerant strain produced more biomass than the mesophile. both strains oxidized catechol by the ortho type of ring fission. catechol 1,2 dioxygenase (c1,2d) activity was found in ... | 2004 | 14872323 |
| chemical rescue of a site-specific mutant of bacterial copper amine oxidase for generation of the topa quinone cofactor. | the topa quinone (tpq) cofactor of copper amine oxidase is produced by posttranslational modification of a specific tyrosine residue through the copper-dependent, self-catalytic process. we have site-specifically mutated three histidine residues (his431, his433, and his592) involved in binding of the copper ion in the recombinant phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. the mutant enzymes, in which each histidine was replaced by alanine, were purified in the cu/tpq-free precursor ... | 2004 | 14979714 |
| cyanide as a copper and quinone-directed inhibitor of amine oxidases from pea seedlings ( pisum sativum) and arthrobacter globiformis: evidence for both copper coordination and cyanohydrin derivatization of the quinone cofactor. | the interactions of cyanide with two copper-containing amine oxidases (cuaos) from pea seedlings (psao) and the soil bacterium arthrobacter globiformis (agao) have been investigated by spectroscopic and kinetic techniques. previously, we rationalized the effects of azide and cyanide for several cuaos in terms of copper coordination by these exogenous ligands and their effects on the internal redox equilibrium tpq(amr)-cu(ii) right harpoon over left harpoon tpq(sq)-cu(i). the mechanism of cyanide ... | 2004 | 14986071 |
| whole cell-enzyme hybrid amperometric biosensor for direct determination of organophosphorous nerve agents with p-nitrophenyl substituent. | in this paper, we reported the construction of a hybrid biosensor for direct, highly selective, sensitive, and rapid quantitative determination of organophosphate pesticides with p-nitrophenyl substituent using purified organophosphorus hydrolase (oph) for the initial hydrolysis and arthrobacter sp. js443 for subsequent p-nitrophenol oxidation. the biocatalytic layer was prepared by co-immobilizing arthrobacter sp. js443 and oph on a carbon paste electrode. oph catalyzed the hydrolysis of organo ... | 2004 | 14991648 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray study of isomaltodextranase from arthrobacter globiformis. | a recombinant isomaltodextranase (1,6-alpha-d-glucan isomaltohydrolase; ec 3.2.1.94) from an arthrobacter sp. that hydrolyzes dextrans to generate isomaltose was purified and crystallized using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method at 293 k. x-ray diffraction data were collected to 1.8 a. the crystals belong to space group c2, with unit-cell parameters a = 199.1, b = 62.7, c = 57.4, beta = 101.4 degrees. analysis of the patterson self-rotation function suggests that the crystal contains one p ... | 2004 | 14993697 |
| high-resolution crystal structure of arthrobacter aurescens chondroitin ac lyase: an enzyme-substrate complex defines the catalytic mechanism. | chondroitin lyases (ec 4.2.2.4 and ec 4.2.2.5) are glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes that act as eliminases. chondroitin lyase ac from arthrobacter aurescens (arthroac) is known to act on chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate but not on dermatan sulfate. like other chondroitin ac lyases, it is capable of cleaving hyaluronan. we have determined the three-dimensional crystal structure of arthroac in its native form as well as in complex with its substrates (chondroitin 4-sulfate tetras ... | 2004 | 15003453 |
| reclassification of brevibacterium liquefaciens okabayashi and masuo 1960 as arthrobacter nicotianae giovannozzi-sermanni 1959. | brevibacterium liquefaciens atcc 14929(t) was reclassified as corynebacterium liquefaciens by lanéelle et al. (1980). a further study by stackebrandt et al. (1983) described the same strain, indicating high genomic and chemotaxonomic relatedness to arthrobacter nicotianae; however, reclassification was not formally proposed. because of the discrepancies between their previous work and the data of collins & kroppenstedt (1983), lanéelle and colleagues re-examined b. liquefaciens and withdrew thei ... | 2004 | 15023984 |
| crystallographic comparison of manganese- and iron-dependent homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenases. | the x-ray crystal structures of homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenases isolated from arthrobacter globiformis and brevibacterium fuscum have been determined to high resolution. these enzymes exhibit 83% sequence identity, yet their activities depend on different transition metals, mn2+ and fe2+, respectively. the structures allow the origins of metal ion selectivity and aspects of the molecular mechanism to be examined in detail. the homotetrameric enzymes belong to the type i family of extradiol ... | 2004 | 15028678 |
| repeatability and reproducibility of ribotyping and its computer interpretation. | many molecular typing methods are difficult to interpret because their repeatability (within-laboratory variance) and reproducibility (between-laboratory variance) have not been thoroughly studied. in the present work, ribotyping of coryneform bacteria was the basis of a study involving within-gel and between-gel repeatability and between-laboratory reproducibility (two laboratories involved). the effect of different technical protocols, different algorithms, and different software for fragment ... | 2004 | 15059627 |
| the purification and characterisation of 4-chlorobenzoate:coa ligase and 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain tm-1. | 4-chlorobenzoate:coa ligase, the first enzyme in the pathway for 4-chlorobenzoate dissimilation, has been partially purified from arthrobacter sp. strain tm-1, by sequential ammonium sulphate precipitation and chromatography on deae-sepharose and sephacryl s-200. the enzyme, a homodimer of subunit molecular mass approximately 56 kd, is dependent on mg2+-atp and coenzyme a, and produces 4-chlorobenzoyl coa and amp. besides mg2+, mn2+, co2+, fe2+ and zn2+ are also stimulatory, but not ca2+. maxima ... | 2004 | 15068371 |
| impact of temperature on the physiological status of a potential bioremediation inoculant, arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6. | arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 (a6) can degrade large amounts of 4-chlorophenol in soil at 5 and 28 degrees c. in this study, we investigated the effects of temperature on the physiological status of this bacterium in pure culture and in soil. a derivative of a6 tagged with the gfp gene (encoding green fluorescent protein [gfp]) was used to specifically quantify a6 cells in soil. in addition, cyano-ditolyl-tetrazoliumchloride was used to stain gfp-fluorescent cells with an active electron tran ... | 2004 | 15128556 |
| effect of temperature and ph on the toxicity of aluminium towards two new, soil born species of arthrobacter sp. | two coryneform bacteria arthrobacter sp. pi/1-95 (arth1) and arthrobacter sp. pi/3-95 (arth3) were isolated from forest soil characterized and investigated with respect to their reaction towards aluminium (al). sigmoid functions were used to describe dose-response relationships between al concentration and microbial growth and to calculate ec-values. ec(100) -- indicating a complete inhibition of microbial growth -- varied between 185 microm al for arth1 and 11 mm al for arth3. a pure ph effect ... | 2004 | 15069668 |
| casuarina cunninghamiana tissue extracts stimulate the growth of frankia and differentially alter the growth of other soil microorganisms. | aqueous extracts of host plant casuarina cunninghamiana tissue altered the in vitro growth of its diazotrophic microsymbiont frankia and a selection of other soil microorganisms. the growth of actinomycetous frankia strains, 55005. avci1, cesi5, cji82 001, and cj was stimulated by aqueous extracts of c. cunninghamiana tissue. green cladodes (photosynthetic branches), unsuberized roots, and suberized roots were more stimulatory than dry cladodes and seed tissue. aqueous extracts of green cladodes ... | 2004 | 15112734 |
| does smearing inoculum reflect the bacterial composition of the smear at the end of the ripening of a french soft, red-smear cheese? | the microbial community composition and dynamics during the production of a french soft, red-smear cheese were investigated. the colonization efficiency of the smearing inoculum was followed, and the parts played by the inoculum used and the resident microflora were tentatively estimated. single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (sscp) was applied to 2 productions of a soft, red-smear cheese produced by the same dairy plant at 4-mo intervals. microbial composition of the different cheese ... | 2004 | 15377597 |
| efficacy of cellular vaccines and genetic adjuvants against bacterial kidney disease in chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha). | dna adjuvants and whole bacterial cell vaccines against bacterial kidney disease (bkd) were tested in juvenile chinook salmon. whole cell vaccines of either a nonpathogenic arthrobacter spp. or an attenuated renibacterium salmoninarum strain provided limited prophylactic protection against acute intraperitoneal challenge with virulent r. salmoninarum, and the addition of either synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides or purified r. salmoninarum genomic dna as adjuvants did not increase protection. howev ... | 2004 | 15123289 |
| [employment of associative bacteria for the inoculation of barley plants cultivated in soil contaminated with lead and cadmium]. | in laboratory experiments, the rhizobacteria azospirillum lipoferum 137, arthrobacter mysorens 7, agrobacterium radiobacter 10, and flavobacterium sp. l30 were found to have a relatively high resistance to the toxic heavy metals lead and cadmium (except that strain l30 was found to be sensitive to cd). when introduced by means of seed bacterization, the heavy metal-resistant strains actively colonized the rhizosphere of barley plants cultivated in uncontaminated and contaminated soils. in both p ... | 2004 | 15074051 |
| [a plate method to screen for microorganisms producing xylose isomerase]. | a plate method was developed to screen for xylose isomerase-producing microorganisms based on the use of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium as an indicator of d-xylulose, the d-xylose isomerization product. the use of this method allows microorganisms to be differentiated by the character of the enzyme synthesis (inducible or constitutive). | 2004 | 15074052 |
| isolation of microorganisms for biological detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. | acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass releases furan and phenolic compounds, which are toxic to microorganisms used for subsequent fermentation. in this study, we isolated new microorganisms for depletion of inhibitors in lignocellulosic acid hydrolysates. a sequential enrichment strategy was used to isolate microorganisms from soil. selection was carried out in a defined mineral medium containing a mixture of ferulic acid (5 mm), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-hmf, 15 mm), and furfural (20 m ... | 2004 | 12908085 |
| a novel p-nitrophenol degradation gene cluster from a gram-positive bacterium, rhodococcus opacus sao101. | p-nitrophenol (4-np) is recognized as an environmental contaminant; it is used primarily for manufacturing medicines and pesticides. to date, several 4-np-degrading bacteria have been isolated; however, the genetic information remains very limited. in this study, a novel 4-np degradation gene cluster from a gram-positive bacterium, rhodococcus opacus sao101, was identified and characterized. the deduced amino acid sequences of npcb, npca, and npcc showed identity with phenol 2-hydroxylase compon ... | 2004 | 15262926 |
| [phylogenetic analysis of alpha-galactosidases of the gh27 family]. | amino acid sequence analysis of alpha-galactosidases and other proteins of glycoside hydrolase family 27 (gh27) allowed isolation of three major subfamilies, 27a-27c. unique isomalto-dextranase of arthrobacter globiformis clustered separately. eukaryotic proteins formed five clusters on a phylogenetic tree of the family. bacterial gh27 proteins, which are relatively few, did not form stable clusters. a monophyletic origin of the gh27 family was demonstrated with the use of related proteins of th ... | 2004 | 15285616 |
| arthrobacter gangotriensis sp. nov. and arthrobacter kerguelensis sp. nov. from antarctica. | two coryneform bacteria were isolated from a penguin rookery soil sample collected in antarctica, near the indian station dakshin gangotri (strain lz1y(t)), and from sea water from kerguelen island, antarctica (strain kgn15(t)). they have morphological and chemotaxonomic properties (peptidoglycan a4alpha type; major menaquinones mk-8, mk-9 and mk-10; predominant fatty acids anteiso-c(15 : 0) and anteiso-c(17 : 0)) that are characteristic of members of the genus arthrobacter. the isolates shared ... | 2004 | 15545486 |
| crystal structure of t-protein of the glycine cleavage system. cofactor binding, insights into h-protein recognition, and molecular basis for understanding nonketotic hyperglycinemia. | the glycine cleavage system catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of glycine in bacteria and in mitochondria of animals and plants. its deficiency in human causes nonketotic hyperglycinemia, an inborn error of glycine metabolism. t-protein, one of the four components of the glycine cleavage system,is a tetrahydrofolate dependent aminomethyltransferase. it catalyzes the transfer of the methylene carbon unit to tetrahydrofolate from the methylamine group covalently attached to the lipoamide arm ... | 2004 | 15355973 |
| characterization of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from alkaliphilic bacillus halodurans c-125. | the genome sequencing project on alkaliphilic bacillus halodurans c-125 revealed a putative endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase (endo-bh), which consists of a signal peptide of 24 amino acids, a catalytic region of 634 amino acids exhibiting 50.1% identity with the endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a), and a c-terminal tail of 220 amino acids. transformed escherichia coli cells carrying the endo-bh gene exhibited endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase activity. rec ... | 2004 | 15170110 |
| immunologic reactivity to work-related airborne allergens in people occupationally exposed to dust from herbs. | a group of 150 people occupationally exposed to dust from herbs were examined. the examined group consisted of 47 thyme farmers, 32 chamomile farmers, 31 sage farmers and 40 workers of herbs processing industry. as a reference group, 50 urban dwellers, not exposed to any kind of organic dust, were examined. skin prick tests and precipitin tests were conducted with, respectively, 4 and 11 microbial antigens associated with organic dust. both skin and precipitin tests were also conducted with herb ... | 2004 | 15236509 |
| enrichment and molecular characterization of chloropicrin- and metam-sodium-degrading microbial communities. | chloropicrin (cp) and metam sodium are commonly used as fumigants in agricultural soils in order to provide effective control of nematodes, soil-borne pathogens, and weeds in preparation for planting of high-value cash crops. repeated application of these compounds to agricultural soils for many years may result in the enrichment of microorganisms capable of degrading them. in this study, a microcosm-enrichment approach was used to investigate bacterial populations that may be components of meta ... | 2004 | 15309337 |
| isolation of a cadmium-releasing bacterium and characterization of its novel protease. | microorganisms were screened for their ability to release cadmium from scallop hepatopancreas, which is the main residue after removing of the edible parts of scallop. the isolated strain, 23-0-11, identified as arthrobacter nicotinovorans, secreted a protease which released cadmium from scallop hepatopancreas into the liquid medium. the molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 27 kda. the sequence of the 15 n-terminal amino acids of the protease showed no close similarity with any other ... | 2004 | 15322344 |
| isolation of coryneform bacteria from blood cultures of patients at a university hospital in saudi arabia. | coryneform bacteria have been increasingly recognized as opportunistic pathogens in recent years. the aim of this study is to identify and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of coryneform bacteria isolated from blood cultures of patients seen at king khalid university hospital (kkuh), riyadh, kingdom of saudi arabia and review the literature. | 2004 | 15322601 |
| differential inhibition of six copper amine oxidases by a family of 4-(aryloxy)-2-butynamines: evidence for a new mode of inactivation. | a series of compounds derived from a previously identified substrate analogue of copper amine oxidases (cuaos) (shepard et al. (2002) eur. j. biochem. 269, 3645-3658) has been screened against six different cuaos with a view to designing potent and selective inhibitors. the substrate analogues investigated were 4-(1-naphthyloxy)-2-butyn-1-amine, 4-(2-methylphenoxy)-2-butyn-1-amine, 4-(3-methylphenoxy)-2-butyn-1-amine, 4-(4-methylphenoxy)-2-butyn-1-amine, and 4-phenoxy-2-butyn-1-amine. these comp ... | 2004 | 15323556 |
| amine-synthesizing enzyme n-substituted formamide deformylase: screening, purification, characterization, and gene cloning. | n-substituted formamide was produced through the hydration of an isonitrile by isonitrile hydratase in the isonitrile metabolism. the former compound was further degraded by a microorganism, strain f164, which was isolated from soil through an acclimatization culture. the n-substituted formamide-degrading microorganism was identified as arthrobacter pascens. the microbial degradation was found to proceed through an enzymatic reaction, the n-substituted formamide being hydrolyzed to yield the cor ... | 2004 | 15358859 |
| crystal structure of bacterial inorganic polyphosphate/atp-glucomannokinase. insights into kinase evolution. | inorganic polyphosphate (poly(p)) is a biological high energy compound presumed to be an ancient energy carrier preceding atp. several poly(p)-dependent kinases that use poly(p) as a phosphoryl donor are known to function in bacteria, but crystal structures of these kinases have not been solved. here we present the crystal structure of bacterial poly(p)/atp-glucomannokinase, belonging to gram-positive bacterial glucokinase, complexed with 1 glucose molecule and 2 phosphate molecules at 1.8 a res ... | 2004 | 15377666 |
| solvent toxicity in organic-aqueous systems analysed by multivariate analysis. | the effect of several solvents present in a biphasic reaction system on cells of rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14, xanthobacter py2, arthrobacter simplex and mycobacterium sp. nrrl b-3805 was evaluated. these four strains have been widely exploited, from bioremediation to the production of fine chemicals, in two-phase reaction media. the solvents tested were ethyl butyrate, n-hexane, cyclohexane, iso-octane, n-dodecane, dmso, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and fluorinert fc-70. the cell population wa ... | 2004 | 15378340 |
| the structure of resting bacterial populations in soil and subsoil permafrost. | the structure of individual cells in microbial populations in situ of the arctic and antarctic permafrost was studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy methods and compared with that of cyst-like resting forms generated under special conditions by the non-spore-forming bacteria arthrobacter and micrococcus isolated from the permafrost. electron microscopy examination of microorganisms in situ revealed several types of bacterial cells having no signs of damage, including "dwarf" cu ... | 2004 | 15383239 |
| cytoplasmic membrane polarization in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria grown in the absence and presence of tetracycline. | the ability of numerous diverse compounds and ions to cross the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane by diffusion and active transport is highly dependent on cytoplasmic membrane fluidity, which can be measured using fluorescent probes to estimate membrane polarization values. however, membrane polarization data are lacking for most bacterial species. the cytoplasmic membrane polarization values for arthrobacter sp. atcc 21908, bacillus cereus nrc 3045, pseudomonas fluorescens r2f, pseudomonas putida ... | 2004 | 15182931 |
| rothia aeria sp. nov., rhodococcus baikonurensis sp. nov. and arthrobacter russicus sp. nov., isolated from air in the russian space laboratory mir. | four gram-positive bacteria, strains a1-17b(t), a1-22(t), a1-3(t) and a1-8, isolated from the air in the russian space laboratory mir, were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. phylogenetic analysis of the bacteria based on their 16s rdna sequence showed that they belong to the genera rothia (a1-17b(t)), rhodococcus (a1-22(t)) and arthrobacter (a1-3(t) and a1-8). morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics supported the assignments of these strains to these gen ... | 2004 | 15143031 |
| site-directed mutagenesis establishes aspartic acids-227 and -342 as essential for enzyme activity in an isomalto-dextranase from arthrobacter globiformis. | isomalto-dextranase, from arthrobacter globiformis t6, is a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 27. however, the alignments of the whole amino acid sequence are distinct from other members of this family. the enzymes cleave the glycosidic bond of the substrate in two different manners: either retaining or inverting the anomeric configuration. we believe that a retaining enzyme is involved in a two-step, double-displacement mechanism utilizing active site carboxylic acids as the nucleophile ... | 2004 | 15200177 |
| genetic engineering of glycinebetaine synthesis in tomato protects seeds, plants, and flowers from chilling damage. | tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) plants, which normally do not accumulate glycinebetaine (gb), are susceptible to chilling stress. exposure to temperatures below 10 degrees c causes various injuries and greatly decreases fruit set in most cultivars. we have transformed tomato (cv. moneymaker) with a chloroplast-targeted coda gene of arthrobacter globiformis, which encodes choline oxidase to catalyze the conversion of choline to gb. these transgenic plants express coda and synthesize cholin ... | 2004 | 15500464 |
| geomicrobiology of high-level nuclear waste-contaminated vadose sediments at the hanford site, washington state. | sediments from a high-level nuclear waste plume were collected as part of investigations to evaluate the potential fate and migration of contaminants in the subsurface. the plume originated from a leak that occurred in 1962 from a waste tank consisting of high concentrations of alkali, nitrate, aluminate, cr(vi), (137)cs, and (99)tc. investigations were initiated to determine the distribution of viable microorganisms in the vadose sediment samples, probe the phylogeny of cultivated and uncultiva ... | 2004 | 15240306 |
| hyper-production of an isomalto-dextranase of an arthrobacter sp. by a proteases-deficient bacillus subtilis: sequencing, properties, and crystallization of the recombinant enzyme. | arthrobacter globiformis t6 is unique in that it produces an enzyme yielding only isomaltose from dextran. in the present study, the organism was re-identified and its classification as a new species of the genus arthrobacter, a. dextranlyticum, was proposed. the high g+c gene (66.8 mol%) for the isomalto-dextranase was sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence, with a calculated molecular mass of 65,993 da (603 amino acids), was confirmed by nanoscale capillary liquid chromatography coupled to ... | 2004 | 15248038 |
| engineering root exudation of lotus toward the production of two novel carbon compounds leads to the selection of distinct microbial populations in the rhizosphere. | the culture of opine-producing transgenic lotus plants induces the increase in the rhizosphere of bacterial communities that are able to utilize these molecules as sole carbon source. we used transgenic lotus plants producing two opines, namely mannopine and nopaline, to characterize the microbial communities directly influenced by the modification of root exudation. we showed that opine-utilizers represent a large community in the rhizosphere of opine-producing transgenic lotus. this community ... | 2004 | 15259274 |