Publications

growth of moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from sea water using phenol as the sole carbon source.	moderately halophilic bacteria utilizing phenol as the sole carbon source were isolated by selective enrichment from sea water. the isolate (gram-negative motile rods) was identified as deleya venusta. it grew well in the presence of up to 1600 mg/l of phenol and 8% nacl under aerobic conditions. when the cells were treated with chloramphenicol prior to the addition of phenol they did not utilize added phenol, even after prolonged incubation. thus, the enzymes necessary for phenol metabolism app ...	2001	11830940
cloning, sequences, and characterization of two chitinase genes from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. strain tad20: isolation and partial characterization of the enzymes.	arthrobacter sp. strain tad20, a chitinolytic gram-positive organism, was isolated from the sea bottom along the antarctic ice shell. arthrobacter sp. strain tad20 secretes two major chitinases, chia and chib (archia and archib), in response to chitin induction. a single chromosomal dna fragment containing the genes coding for both chitinases was cloned in escherichia coli. dna sequencing analysis of this fragment revealed two contiguous open reading frames coding for the precursors of archia (8 ...	2001	11160110
a unique sialidase that cleaves the neu5gcalpha2-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5gc linkage: comparison of its specificity with that of three microbial sialidases toward four sialic acid dimers.	we found that the hepatopancreas of oyster, crassostrea virginica, contained a sialidase capable of releasing neu5gc from the novel polysialic acid chain (-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5gcalpha2-->)n more efficiently than from the conventional type of polysialic acid chains, (-->8neu5acalpha2-->)n, or (-->8neu5gcalpha2-->)n. we have partially purified this novel sialidase and compared its reactivity with that of microbial sialidases using four different sialic acid dimers, neu5gcalpha2-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5g ...	2001	11162485
study of the structure-activity relationships for the pyrazinamidase (pnca) from mycobacterium tuberculosis.	in an attempt to investigate the molecular basis of pyrazinamide hydrolysis by the pnca protein from mycobacterium tuberculosis, we determined the pyrazinamidase activity of nine pnca mutants bearing a single amino acid substitution. among them, three mutants (d8g, k96t and s104r) had virtually no activity (< or =0.004 unit/mg), five (f13s, t61p, p69l, y103s and a146v) retained a low level of activity (0.06-0.25 unit/mg) and one (t167l) exhibited a wild-type activity (1.51 units/mg). the possibl ...	2001	11171040
secretory production of arthrobacter levan fructotransferase from recombinant escherichia coli.	levan fructotransferase (lftase) from arthrobacter ureafaciens k2032 was expressed with n-terminal fusion of a lacz-derived secretion motif (tmitnsssvp) using the lac promoter system in recombinant escherichia coli jm109 [pudf-a81]. in flask cultures, recombinant enzyme activity was detected in culture media, and sequence analysis of n-terminal residues showed that about 40% of the extracellular recombinant lftase had an authentic n-terminus. in a fed-batch bioreactor containing recombinant e. c ...	2001	11179640
purification and characterization of aminopropionaldehyde dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. tmp-1.	aminopropionaldehyde dehydrogenase was purified to apparent homogeneity from 1,3-diaminopropane-grown cells of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. the native molecular mass and the subunit molecular mass of the enzyme were approximately 20,5000 and 52,000, respectively, suggesting that the enzyme is a tetramer of identical subunits. the apparent michaelis constant (k(m)) for 1,3-diaminopropane was approximately 3 microm. the enzyme equally used both nad(+) and nadp(+) as coenzymes. the apparent k(m) values ...	2001	11179651
dual-bioaugmentation strategy to enhance remediation of cocontaminated soil.	although metals are thought to inhibit the ability of microorganisms to degrade organic pollutants, several microbial mechanisms of resistance to metal are known to exist. this study examined the potential of cadmium-resistant microorganisms to reduce soluble cadmium levels to enhance degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) under conditions of cocontamination. four cadmium-resistant soil microorganisms were examined in this study. resistant up to a cadmium concentration of 275 micr ...	2001	11425743
modular structure, local flexibility and cold-activity of a novel chitobiase from a psychrophilic antarctic bacterium.	the gene archb encoding for the cell-bound chitobiase from the antarctic gram-positive bacterium arthrobacter sp. tad20 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli in a soluble form. the mature chitobiase archb possesses four functionally independent domains: a catalytic domain stabilized by ca(2+), a galactose-binding domain and an immunoglobulin-like domain followed by a cell-wall anchorage signal, typical of cell-surface proteins from gram-positive bacteria. binding of saccharides was analyz ...	2001	11428890
effects of lipids on n-alkane attenuation in media supporting oil-utilizing microorganisms from the oily arabian gulf coasts.	the arabian gulf is one of the most extensively oil-polluted areas of the world. the major objectives of this work were to study whether hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms indigenous to that area would readily accumulate added lipids, and whether this might affect their hydrocarbon consumption potential. two prokaryotes, arthrobacter nicotianae kcc b35 and the unidentified organisms kcc b6, as well as one eukaryote, candida parapsilosis kcc y1, were selected for this study. biomass samples of ...	2001	11430415
bioremediation of an area contaminated by a fuel spill.	in order to decontaminate a large area of restricted access contaminated by a fuel spill, laboratory and field studies were developed in two steps: (a) monitoring of the laboratory experiment on bacterial growth under aerobic and anaerobic conditions with and without addition of nutrients; and (b) use of the best conditions obtained in (a) for the decontamination of the soil. a hydraulic barrier was installed both to clean the aquifer and to avoid migration of hydrocarbons as a consequence of th ...	2001	11432263
isolation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb)-degrading microorganisms and characterization of phb-depolymerase from arthrobacter sp. strain w6.	microbial degraders of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) were isolated from soil. arthrobacter sp. strain w6 used not only phb as a carbon source, but also phas such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[5%]3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[14%]3-hydroxyvalerate), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[22%]3-hydroxyvalerate). phb-depolymerase was purified to homogeneity from the culture broth of arthrobacter sp. strain w6 by a procedure involving deae- and butyl-toyopearl column chromatographies. the m ...	2001	11440137
isolation and characterisation of new gram-negative and gram-positive atrazine degrading bacteria from different french soils.	the capacity of 12 soils to degrade atrazine was studied in laboratory incubations using radiolabelled atrazine. eight soils showed enhanced degradation of this compound. twenty-five bacterial strains able to degrade atrazine were isolated by an enrichment method from 10 of these soils. these soils were chosen for their wide range of physico-chemical characteristics. their history of treatment with atrazine was also variable. the genetic diversity of atrazine degraders was determined by amplifie ...	2001	11451526
trehalose-producing operon treyz from arthrobacter ramosus s34.	arthrobacter ramosus s34, which produces trehalose from maltooligosaccharide, was isolated. a trehalose-producing operon, treyz, was cloned from the genome. expression experiments with trey and trez confirmed that they coded malto-oligosyltrehalose synthase and malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase, respectively. the amino acid sequence of trey from a. ramosus s34 and that from arthrobacter sp. q36 did not show high identity, nor did those of trez.	2001	11471747
modeling of copper biosorption by arthrobacter sp. in a uf/mf membrane reactor.	copper biosorption by arthrobacter sp. has been studied in this work. the process has been realized inside of a ultrafiltration/microfiltration (uf/mf) reactor in order to confine cells. a mathematical model has been developed that is able to predict experimental data under different operating conditions. the model takes into account different phenomena, which might occur during the process, such as a dependence of equilibrium parameters on ph, a partial cell disruption, and a change in the memb ...	2001	11478261
construction, overexpression, and purification of arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase-strep-tag ii fusion protein.	the copper-containing amine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis has been expressed and purified as a fusion protein with a c-terminal strep-tag ii peptide. this tag facilitates the rapid purification of the enzyme on a large scale using the streptactin poros medium. for example, we have demonstrated that 50 mg of protein can be obtained in 2 days from 2 l of escherichia coli. the purified fusion protein displays turnover and spectroscopic properties that are essentially identical to those of t ...	2001	11483008
organization of genes responsible for the stereospecific conversion of hydantoins to alpha-amino acids in arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747.	arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747 hydrolyzes stereospecifically 5'-monosubstituted hydantoins to alpha-amino acids. the genes involved in hydantoin utilization (hyu) were isolated on an 8.7-kb dna fragment, and by dna sequence analysis eight orfs were identified. the hyu gene cluster includes four genes: hyup encoding a putative transport protein, the hydantoin racemase gene hyua, the hydantoinase gene hyuh, and the carbamoylase gene hyuc. the four genes are transcribed in the same direction. upst ...	2001	11511866
molecular and enzymatic characterization of a levan fructotransferase from microbacterium sp. al-210.	microbacterium sp. al-210 producing a novel levan fructotransferase (lftase) was screened from soil samples. the lftase was purified to homogeneity by (nh4)2so4 fractionation, column chromatography on resource q, and superdex 200hr. the molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be approximately 46 kda by both sds-page and gel filtration, and the enzyme's isoelectric point was ph 4.8. the major product produced from the levan hydrolysis by the enzyme reaction was identified by atmo ...	2001	11522362
cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression of a hydantoinase and carbamoylase gene from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3745 in escherichia coli and comparison with the corresponding genes from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747.	the genes encoding hydantoinases (hyuh1) and carbamoylases (hyuc1) from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3745 and arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747 (hyuh2, hyuc2) were cloned in escherichia coli and the nucleotide sequences determined. the hydantoinase genes comprised 1,377 base pairs and the carbamoylase genes 1,239 base pairs each. both hydantoinases, as well as both carbamoylases, showed a high degree of nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity (96-98%). the hyuh and hyuc genes were expressed in e ...	2001	11525624
isolation and characterization of psychotrophic bacteria from oil-reservoir water and oil sands.	four psychrotrophic strains, which grew at 4 degrees c but not at 37 degrees c, were isolated from japanese oil-reservoir water (strains sib1, sic1, sis1) and canadian oil sands (strain cab1). strains sib1, sis1, and cab1 had a maximum growth rate at 20 degrees c and grew to the highest cell densities at the cultivation temperature of 0-4 degrees c. strain sis1 was capable of growing even at -5 degrees c. the growth profile of strain sic1 was rather similar to that of a mesophilic bacterium. str ...	2001	11525631
[dynamic of the volume and structure of the soil bacterial complex in the presence of azobenzene].	azobenzene exerted no significant effect on the dynamics and the species composition of the saprophytic soil bacterial complex, which remained almost the same as in the control and was characterized by the predominance of curtobacterium sp., arthrobacter globiformis, and bacillus megaterium in all stages of succession. some heterotrophic bacteria were found to be able to accumulate azobenzene. bac. cereus and bac. polymyxa degraded azobenzene during their cultivation in nutrient media.	2001	11558283
interactions between yeasts and bacteria in the smear surface-ripened cheeses.	in the initial phase of ripening, the microflora of bacterial smear surface-ripened cheeses such as limburger, taleggio, brick, münster and saint-paulin and that of surface mould-ripened cheeses such as camembert and brie may be similar, but at the end of the ripening, bacteria such as brevibacterium spp., arthrobacter spp., micrococcus spp., corynebacterium spp. and moulds such as penicillium camemberti are, respectively, the dominant microorganisms. yeasts such as candida spp., cryptococcus sp ...	2001	11589547
carotenoid accumulation in the psychrotrophic bacterium arthrobacter agilis in response to thermal and salt stress.	a psychrotrophic strain of arthrobacter agilis, isolated from antarctic sea ice, grows from 5 degrees c to 40 degrees c and in culture media containing 0-10% (w/v) nacl. maximum growth rate occurred at 30-35 degrees c with a drastic decline as the cultivation temperatures diverged. adaptation to extremes of low temperature may be partially attributed to the production of the c-50 carotenoid bacterioruberin, and its glycosylated derivatives. lowering of the cultivation temperature resulted in a c ...	2001	11601625
cold-active citrate synthase: mutagenesis of active-site residues.	a comparison of the crystal structure of the dimeric enzyme citrate synthase from the psychrophilic arthrobacter strain ds2-3r with that of the structurally homologous enzyme from the hyperthermophilic pyrococcus furiosus reveals a significant difference in the accessibility of their active sites to substrates. in this work, we investigated the possible role in cold activity of the greater accessibility of the arthrobacter citrate synthase. by site-directed mutagenesis, we replaced two alanine r ...	2001	11707611
crystal structure and mechanism of catalysis of a pyrazinamidase from pyrococcus horikoshii.	bacterial pyrazinamidase (pzaase)/nicotinamidase converts pyrazinamide (pza) to ammonia and pyrazinoic acid, which is active against mycobacterium tuberculosis. loss of pzaase activity is the major mechanism of pyrazinamide-resistance by m. tuberculosis. we have determined the crystal structure of the gene product of pyrococcus horikoshii 999 (ph999), a pzaase, and its complex with zinc ion by x-ray crystallography. the overall fold of ph999 is similar to that of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrol ...	2001	11714269
sugar profiling proves that human serum erythropoietin differs from recombinant human erythropoietin.	erythropoietin (epo) from sera obtained from anemic patients was successfully isolated using magnetic beads coated with a human epo (hepo)-specific antibody. human serum epo emerged as a broad band after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with an apparent molecular weight slightly smaller than that of recombinant hepo (rhepo). the bandwidth corresponded with microheterogeneity because of extensive glycosylation. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealing several differ ...	2001	11739166
purification and characterization of carbaryl hydrolase from arthrobacter sp. rc100.	a carbaryl hydrolase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain rc100 by protamine sulfate treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and hydrophobic, anion-exchange, and gel filtration chromatographies. the native enzyme had a molecular mass of 100 kda and was composed of two identical subunits with molecular masses of 51 kda. the hydrolase activity was strongly inhibited by difp, pmsf, hg(2+) and paraoxon but not by edta. the optimum ph and temperature for the enzyme activity wer ...	2001	11445174
spectroscopic observation of intermediates formed during the oxidative half-reaction of copper/topa quinone-containing phenylethylamine oxidase.	the catalytic reaction of copper/topa quinone (tpq) containing amine oxidase consists of the initial, well-characterized, reductive half-reaction and the following, less studied, oxidative half-reaction. we have analyzed the oxidative half-reaction catalyzed by phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis (agao) by rapid-scan stopped-flow measurements. upon addition of dioxygen to the substrate-reduced agao at ph 8.2, the absorption bands derived from the semiquinone (tpq(sq)) and amin ...	2001	11747456
exposure to airborne microorganisms in fiberboard and chipboard factories.	microbiological air sampling was performed in one fiberboard factory and two chipboard factories located in south-eastern poland. it was found that the levels of bacteria, fungi, dust and bacterial endotoxin in the air of examined facilities were high during initial stages of the production cycle (shredding of waste wood, storing of chips) and then sharply decreased during further stages of this cycle (forming and formatting of the boards). in the fiberboard factory, the concentration of airborn ...	2001	11748877
a highly efficient transposon mutagenesis system for the tomato pathogen clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis.	a transposon mutagenesis system for clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis was developed based on antibiotic resistance transposons that were derived from the insertion element is1409 from arthrobacter sp. strain tm1 ncib12013. as a prerequisite, the electroporation efficiency was optimized by using unmethylated dna and treatment of the cells with glycine such that about 5 x 10(6) transformants per microg of dna were generally obtained. electroporation of c. michiganensis subsp. michigan ...	2001	11763129
alpha 2,3-sialylation of terminal galnac beta 1-3gal determinants by st3gal ii reveals the multifunctionality of the enzyme. the resulting neu5ac alpha 2-3galnac linkage is resistant to sialidases from newcastle disease virus and streptococcus pneumoniae.	enzymatic alpha 2,3-sialylation of galnac has not been described previously, although some glycoconjugates containing alpha 2,3-sialylated galnac residues have been reported. in the present experiments, recombinant soluble alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase st3gal ii efficiently sialylated the x(2) pentasaccharide galnac beta 1-3gal beta 1-4glcnac beta 1-3gal beta 1-4glc, globo-n-tetraose galnac beta 1-3gal alpha 1-4gal beta 1-4glc, and the disaccharide galnac beta 1-3gal in vitro. the purified product ...	2001	11479313
[synthesis of anabiosis autoinducers in non-spore-forming bacteria as a mechanism regulating their activity in soil and subsoil sedimentary rocks].	non-spore-forming bacteria of the genera arthrobacter and micrococcus, isolated from permafrost subsoil, were found to produce greater amounts of the d1 extracellular factor than closely related collection strains isolated from soil. the effect of this factor, responsible for cell transition to anabiosis, was not species-specific. thus, the d1 crude preparation isolated from the culture liquid of the permafrost isolate arthrobacter globiformis 245 produced an effect on the collection strain arth ...	2001	11763780
weeds as a source of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in agricultural soils.	the influence of plant growth promoting (pgp) activity of bacterial communities recovered from each of six weed species (barnyard grass (echinochloa crusfalli (l.) beauv.), corn spurrey (spergula arvensis l.), goldenrod (sonchus sp.), italian ryegrass (lolium multiflorum l.), lamb's-quarters (chenopodium album l.), and quack grass (agropyron repens (l.) beauv.)) was examined in relation to the effect it had on the growth of the potato cultivar russet burbank. bacterial species composition and co ...	2001	11766050
a novel disaccharide substrate having 1,2-oxazoline moiety for detection of transglycosylating activity of endoglycosidases.	a disaccharide substrate of manbeta1-4glcnac-oxazoline 2 was designed and synthesized as a novel probe for detection of the transglycosylating activity of endoglycosidases. a regio- and stereoselective transglycosylation reaction of 2 to glcnacbeta1-o-pnp or dns-asn(glcnac)-oh catalyzed by endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from mucor hiemalis (endo-m) and endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) has been demonstrated for the first time, resulting in the core tri ...	2001	11514092
gene cluster on pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans involved in degradation of the plant alkaloid nicotine: cloning, purification, and characterization of 2,6-dihydroxypyridine 3-hydroxylase.	a 27,690-bp gene cluster involved in the degradation of the plant alkaloid nicotine was characterized from the plasmid pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans. the genes of the heterotrimeric, molybdopterin cofactor (moco)-, flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad)-, and [fe-s] cluster-dependent 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine (ketone) dehydrogenase (kdh) were identified within this cluster. the gene of the large moco subunit of kdh was located 4,266 bp from the fad and [fe-s] cluster subunit genes. deduced fun ...	2001	11514508
[biosynthesis and use of coproporphyrins and uroporphyrins and their metal complexes in immune analysis and diagnostic methods].	methods of synthesis of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin by using bacteria of the genus arthrobacter are proposed. metal complexes of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin with pt, pd, and zn were synthesized. their structures were identified by spectrophotometry, ir spectrometry, 1h-nmr, mass spectrometry, and hplc. data showing the possibility to use coproporphyrin iii-metal complexes as luminophores for fluorescence detection of tumors. the current and prospective uses of metal complexes of water-so ...	2001	11771318
the formation and structures of cystites of arthrobacter ureafaciens nric 0157t induced by antibiotics.	the cystite formation of arthrobacter ureafaciens nric 0157(t) was induced by some antibiotics, and the addition of tetracycline at a lag phase was effective for cystite formation in ypm liquid medium. cystites differed from vegetative cells in the cell wall structure, protein content, and water content. furthermore, the characteristics and structures of cystites induced by tetracycline were similar to those of cystites produced by nutritional imbalance in ct medium. consequently, various trigge ...	2001	12483560
rates of oxygen and hydrogen exchange as indicators of tpq cofactor orientation in amine oxidases.	this study presents the first detailed examination by resonance raman (rr) spectroscopy of the rates of solvent exchange for the c5 and c3 positions of the tpq cofactor in several wild-type copper-containing amine oxidases and mutants of the amine oxidase from hansenula polymorpha (hpao). on the basis of crystal structure analysis and differing rates of c5 [double bond] o and c3 [bond] h exchange within the enzyme systems, but equally rapid rates of c5 [double bond] o and c3 [bond] h exchange in ...	2002	11781110
purification and characterization of aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. tmp-1.	aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase was purified to essentially homogeneity from putrescine-grown cells of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. the molecular weights of the enzyme and its subunit were 201,000 and 51,000, respectively, suggesting that the enzyme is a tetramer of identical subunits. the apparent michaelis constants (k(m)) for 4-aminobutyraldehyde, 3-aminopropionaldehyde and 4-guanidinobutyraldehyde were approximately 65, 150, and 85 microm, respectively. linear fatty aldehydes also tested were le ...	2002	12186751
capillary electrophoresis of cr(vi) reducer arthrobacter oxydans.	rapid and effective separation of bacteria arthrobacter oxydans was performed using capillary electrophoresis. for optimal separation of bacteria the influence of buffer concentration, ph and applied voltage were studied. it was found that the most appropriate conditions for electrophoretic mobility measurements are as follows: applied voltage 6-14 kv; buffer concentration 5-10 mm ph 6-8. at the stationary phase of growth there are always two main heterogeneous peaks. they are connected with the ...	2002	12210506
cultivation-dependent characterization of bacterial diversity from british columbia forest soils subjected to disturbance.	bacteria from forest surface organic matter and mineral soil horizons were cultivated using four methods and characterized by fatty acid methyl ester (fame) analysis. soil samples from a british columbia ministry of forests long-term soil productivity (ltsp) installation were collected during winter and summer from two disturbance treatments (whole-tree harvesting with no soil compaction (plot n) and whole-tree harvesting plus complete surface organic matter removal with heavy soil compaction (p ...	2002	12224563
arthrobacter nasiphocae sp. nov., from the common seal (phoca vitulina).	an unknown gram-positive, catalase-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the nasal cavities of two common seals. chemical analysis revealed the presence in the bacterium of a hitherto unknown cell-wall murein [type: l-lys-l-ala2-gly(2-3)-l-ala (gly)]. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing showed that the unidentified rod was related to the arthrobacter group of organisms, although sequence divergence values of >3% from established members of this genus indicated that ...	2002	11931170
[bacterial succession on n-alkanes under the conditions of sulfate reduction].	the dynamics of species composition of a hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteriocenosis of a ground suspension of mozhaisk reservoir has been studied. the bacteriocenosis was undergoing development in a paraffin film (model association composed of sulfate-reducing bacteria and hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria). the type of bacterial succession did not depend on the depth, from which ground samples were collected. two microbial species (pseudomonas sp. and arthrobacter globiformis) were absolutely dominant. ...	2002	11962208
response of endophytic bacterial communities in potato plants to infection with erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica.	the term endophyte refers to interior colonization of plants by microorganisms that do not have pathogenic effects on their hosts, and various endophytes have been found to play important roles in plant vitality. in this study, cultivation-independent terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16s ribosomal dna directly amplified from plant tissue dna was used in combination with molecular characterization of isolates to examine the influence of plant stress, achieved by infec ...	2002	11976096
utilization of xylitol dehydrogenase in a combined microbial/enzymatic process for production of xylitol from d-glucose.	the production of xylitol from d-glucose occurs through a three-step process in which d-arabitol and d-xylulose are formed as the first and second intermediate product, respectively, and both are obtained via microbial bioconversion reactions. catalytic hydrogenation of d-xylulose yields xylitol; however, it is contaminated with d-arabitol. the aim of this study was to increase the stereoselectivity of the d-xylulose reduction step by using enzymatic catalysis. recombinant xylitol dehydrogenase ...	2002	12018283
[the role of low-molecular-weight nitrogen compounds in the osmotolerance of rhodococcus erythropolis and arthrobacter globiformis].	investigations showed that rhodococcus erythropolis e-15 and arthrobacter globiformis 2f cells respond to osmotic shock by increasing the synthesis of free amino acids, primarily glutamic acid (80% of the intracellular free amino acid pool). the osmoprotective role of glutamic acid follows from its beneficial effect on the growth of bacteria in high-salinity media. it was found that the addition of this amino acid to the growth medium at a concentration of 2 mm shortened the lag phase and increa ...	2002	12024813
arthrobacter roseus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from an antarctic cyanobacterial mat sample.	strain cms 90rt, a red-pigmented bacterium, was isolated from a cyanobacterial mat sample from a pond located in mcmurdo, antarctica. based on its chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, strain cms 90r(t) was identified as a member of group i of arthrobacter. it shared 16s rdna similarity of 98% with arthrobacter oxydans atcc 14358t and arthrobacter polychromogenes atcc 15216t, while dna-dna similarities determined for these three organisms were less than 70%. it also differed from all 17 re ...	2002	12054218
exposure to airborne microorganisms in furniture factories.	microbiological air sampling was performed in 2 furniture factories located in eastern poland. in one factory furniture were made from fibreboards and chipboards while in the other from beech wood. it was found that the concentration of total microorganisms (bacteria + fungi) in the air of the facility using beech wood for furniture production (mean 10.7 x (3) cfu/m(3), range 3.3 27.5 x (3) cfu/m(3)) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) compared to microbial concentration in the facility using fi ...	2002	12088403
response of furniture factory workers to work-related airborne allergens.	the aim of this work was to determine the reactivity of furniture factory workers to microbial allergens associated with wood dust. allergological examinations by skin and precipitin tests were performed in 48 workers employed in a factory producing furniture from fibreboards and chipboards, and in 32 healthy urban dwellers not exposed to organic dusts (referents). the skin test was performed by the intradermal method with the saline extracts of the cultures of 3 microbial species (rahnella sp., ...	2002	12088404
electron spin resonance study of copper biosorption by bacteria.	the biosorption of copper by bacteria was studied by using esr spectroscopy. among bacteria tested, arthrobacter nicotianae has the most excellent ability to sorb copper. the biosorption of copper by arthrobacter cells was so rapid, affected by the solution ph, and obeys the langmuir adsorption equilibrium. the electron spin resonance (esr) spectra of cu(ii) in bacterial cells are axial type, having a major absorption to higher field at gperpendicular and lesser absorption to lower field at gpar ...	2002	12092584
the structure of l-hydantoinase from arthobacter aurescens leads to an understanding of dihydropyrimidinase substrate and enantio specificity.	l-hydantoinase from arthrobacter aurescens (l-hyd) is a member of the dihydropyrimidinases which in turn belong to the cyclic amidases. dihydropyrimidinases catalyze the reversible hydrolytic ring opening of dihydropyrimidines as the second step in the catabolism of pyrimidines. in biotechnology, their hydroloytic activity on five-membered cyclic diamides (hydantoins) is used in the enantio-specific production of amino acids from racemic hydantoins. l-hyd differs from most of the other dihydropy ...	2002	12093275
x-ray snapshots of quinone cofactor biogenesis in bacterial copper amine oxidase.	the quinone cofactor tpq in copper amine oxidase is generated by posttranslational modification of an active site tyrosine residue. using x-ray crystallography, we have probed the copper-dependent autooxidation process of tpq in the enzyme from arthrobacter globiformis. apo enzyme crystals were anaerobically soaked with copper; the structure determined from this crystal provides a view of the initial state: the unmodified tyrosine coordinated to the bound copper. exposure of the copper-bound cry ...	2002	12134140
optimization of protease activity of alkaliphilic bacteria isolated from an alkaline lake in india.	alkaliphilic bacteria belonging to the genera bacillus, staphylococcus, micrococcus, pseudomonas and arthrobacter isolated from sediment samples of the alkaline lonar lake situated in the buldhana district of maharashtra state, india, were studied for the production of protease activity. among the 54 isolates obtained, arthrobacter ramosus and bacillus alcalophilus exhibited high protease activity using soyacake as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. protease activity was optimum at 1% initial ...	2002	12146649
towards the development of selective amine oxidase inhibitors. mechanism-based inhibition of six copper containing amine oxidases.	four substrate analogs, 4-(2-naphthyloxy)-2-butyn-1-amine (1), 1,4-diamino-2-chloro-2-butene (2), 1,6-diamino-2,4-hexadiyne (3), and 2-chloro-5-phthalimidopentylamine (4) have been tested as inhibitors against mammalian, plant, bacterial, and fungal copper-containing amine oxidases: bovine plasma amine oxidase (bpao), equine plasma amine oxidase (epao), pea seedling amine oxidase (psao), arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao), escherichia coli amine oxidase (ecao), and pichia pastoris lys ...	2002	12153561
tolerance of bacteria to organic solvents.	organic-solvent-tolerant bacteria are a relatively novel group of extremophilic microorganisms. they overcome the toxic and destructive effects of organic solvents due to the presence of various adaptive mechanisms. extensive studies done on the toluene tolerance of certain pseudomonas strains have led to an understanding of the mechanisms of organic solvent tolerance involving novel adaptations such as the toluene efflux pumps, cis-trans isomerisation of membrane fatty acids, rapid membrane rep ...	2002	12160316
biotransformation of phenylurea herbicides by a soil bacterial strain, arthrobacter sp. n2: structure, ecotoxicity and fate of diuron metabolite with soil fungi.	in order to assess the influence of the aromatic substitution on the ability of a soil bacterial strain, arthrobacter sp. n2, to degrade phenylurea herbicides, biotransformation assays were performed in mineral medium with resting cells of this soil bacterial strain on three phenylurea herbicides (diuron, chlorotoluron and isoproturon). each herbicide considered, led to the formation of only one metabolite detected by hplc analysis. after isolation, the metabolites were identified by nmr and ms, ...	2002	11838430
isolation, characterization and diuron transformation capacities of a bacterial strain arthrobacter sp. n2.	a bacterial strain able to transform diuron was isolated from a soil by enrichment procedures. strain isolation was realized by plating on minimal-agarose medium spread with this herbicide and selecting the colonies surrounded by a clear thin halo. one strain was characterized and identified as an arthrobacter sp. it metabolized diuron and the final transformation product, 3,4-dichloroaniline, was produced in stoichiometric amounts. the transformation of diuron at different concentrations was mo ...	2002	11838431
conversion of liposomal 4-androsten-3,17-dione by a. simplex immobilized cells in calcium pectate.	arthrobacter simplex atcc 6946 free and immobilized cells were assayed for their ability to convert 4-androsten-3,17-dione (ad) to 1,4-androstadien-3,17-dione (add) in aqueous and liposomal media. bioconversions were carried out in a 100 ml flask containing 25 ml of ad liposomal or aqueous medium for 3h, and ad concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 mm were tested. ad/add ratios in samples were determined by hplc. biotransformation of substrate entrapped in multilamellar vesicles (mlv) was demon ...	2002	11867272
mechanistic aspects of the covalent flavoprotein dimethylglycine oxidase of arthrobacter globiformis studied by stopped-flow spectrophotometry.	dimethylglycine oxidase (dmgo) is a covalent flavoenzyme from arthrobacter globiformis that catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of dimethylglycine to yield sarcosine, formaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. stopped-flow and steady-state kinetic studies have been used to study the reductive and oxidative half-reactions using dimethylglycine and o2 as substrates. the reductive half-reaction is triphasic. the rate of the fast phase is dependent on substrate concentration, involves flavin reduction, ...	2002	11926836
the trans-anethole degradation pathway in an arthrobacter sp.	a bacterial strain (ta13) capable of utilizing t-anethole as the sole carbon source was isolated from soil. the strain was identified as arthrobacter aurescens based on its 16 s rrna gene sequence. key steps of the degradation pathway of t-anethole were identified by the use of t-anethole-blocked mutants and specific inducible enzymatic activities. in addition to t-anethole, strain ta13 is capable of utilizing anisic acid, anisaldehyde, and anisic alcohol as the sole carbon source. t-anethole-bl ...	2002	11805095
enzymes of dimethylsulfone metabolism and the phylogenetic characterization of the facultative methylotrophs arthrobacter sulfonivorans sp. nov., arthrobacter methylotrophus sp. nov., and hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans sp. nov.	novel methylotrophic arthrobacter and hyphomicrobium species are described. constitutive membrane-associated dimethylsulfone- and dimethylsulfoxide-reductases were found in arthrobacter methylotrophus strain tga and hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans strain s1. enzyme activities increased during growth with dimethylsulfone or dimethylsulfoxide, respectively, and different ratios of activity with different growth substrates indicated that they are separate enzymes. sds-page showed some membrane-associa ...	2002	11807567
biomineralization of an organophosphorus pesticide, monocrotophos, by soil bacteria.	to study biomineralization of monocrotophos (mcp) and identify the metabolites formed during biodegradation.	2002	12147070
aari, a restriction endonuclease from arthrobacter aurescens ss2-322, which recognizes the novel non-palindromic sequence 5'-cacctgc(n)4/8-3'.	a new type ii restriction endonuclease aari has been isolated from arthrobacter aurescens ss2-322. aari recognizes the non-palindromic heptanucleotide sequence 5'-cacctgc(n)4/8-3' and makes a staggered cut at the fourth and eighth bases downstream of the target duplex producing a four base 5'-protruding end. aari activity is stimulated by oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes containing an enzyme-specific recognition sequence.	2002	12409482
arthrobacter aurescens tc1 metabolizes diverse s-triazine ring compounds.	arthrobacter aurescens strain tc1 was isolated without enrichment by plating atrazine-contaminated soil directly onto atrazine-clearing plates. a. aurescens tc1 grew in liquid medium with atrazine as the sole source of nitrogen, carbon, and energy, consuming up to 3,000 mg of atrazine per liter. a. aurescens tc1 is metabolically diverse and grew on a wider range of s-triazine compounds than any bacterium previously characterized. the 23 s-triazine substrates serving as the sole nitrogen source i ...	2002	12450818
impact of protozoan grazing on bacterial community structure in soil microcosms.	the influence of grazing by a mixed assemblage of soil protozoa (seven flagellates and one amoeba) on bacterial community structure was studied in soil microcosms amended with a particulate resource (sterile wheat roots) or a soluble resource (a solution of various organic compounds). sterilized soil was reinoculated with mixed soil bacteria (obtained by filtering and dilution) or with bacteria and protozoa. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of pcr amplifications of 16s rrna gene fr ...	2002	12450833
bioremediation of an industrial effluent containing monocrotophos.	almost 30% of the precious agricultural output of india is lost owing to pest infestation. in india, pesticide consumption for protecting crops is about 3% of the total world consumption. monocrotophos (mcp), an organophosphorus insecticide, is widely used to control insects on crops. being readily water soluble and highly toxic, its removal from wastewater generated during manufacture becomes inevitable. bioremediation of wastewater containing mcp by arthrobacter atrocyaneus, bacillus megateriu ...	2002	12232665
[studies on hydantoinase producing conditions of arthrobacter k1108].	the hydantoinase-producing conditions from strain arthrobacter k1108 were investigated. it is shown that the hydantoinase in the strain is intracellular and inducible. its optimal inducer is 5-benzylhydantoin, while 5-indolylmethylhydantoin and 5-phenylhydantoin cannot induce the production of hydantoinase in k1108. a gratuitous inducer was designed, with which the hydantoinase production is 343% as much as that with 5-benzylhydantoin. the media for culturing the bacteria were screened and optim ...	2002	12557399
[the solubilization of four insoluble phosphates by some microorganisms].	four insoluble phosphates of ferric phosphate (fe-p), aluminum phosphate (al-p), fluorapatite (fap) and rock phosphate (rp) were used as a sole phosphorus resource for some phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms. it was found that there was significant difference in solubilizing these phosphates by the tested isolates. the fungi normally were more powerful than the bacteria in dissolving the phsophates. the microorganisms generally solubilized more phosphate when supplied with no3- than with nh4+ ...	2002	12557403
citricoccus muralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a medieval wall painting.	a gram-positive, aerobic, spherical actinobacterium, designated strain 4-0(t), was isolated from a medieval wall painting and characterized to determine its taxonomic position. the peptidoglycan of strain 4-0(t) was of type a4alpha, with lysine as the diagnostic cell wall diamino acid and an interpeptide bridge of lys-gly-glu. its quinone system contained predominantly mk-9(h2) (64%) and its polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, four ...	2002	12508874
novel reversible indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase catalyzing nonoxidative decarboxylation.	after enrichment culture with indole-3-carboxylate in static culture, a novel reversible decarboxylase, indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase, was found in arthrobacter nicotianae fi1612 and several molds. the enzyme reaction was examined in resting-cell reactions with a. nicotianae fi1612. the enzyme activity was induced specifically by indole-3-carboxylate, but not by indole. the indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase of a. nicotianae fi1612 catalyzed the nonoxidative decarboxylation of indole-3-carb ...	2002	12506977
[the existence of contamination in enzymes used for the isolation of aspergillus and candida species dna].	molecular biological methods which are widely used in different fields, have been replaced with conventional diagnostic tests for the early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections, recently. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is one of these methods, with high specificity and sensitivity, which is accepted throughout the world. however, the enzymes that are used for the isolation of target dna, may be contaminated with the gene sequences of some other fungal species in the preparation steps and may ...	2002	12652873
[microbial destruction of harmful organic contaminants inherent to atmosphere of living space].	the investigation into the microbial destruction of harmful organic contaminants in the air of habitable rooms was performed with the assumption that microorganisms have labile metabolism and synthesize inducible enzymes involved in transformation of organics compounds. based on our observations, methylobacterium d-08 and arthrobacter pastens are able to synthesize inducible enzymes and transform ethanol, acetic acid, acetone, and aldehyde. association of these microorganisms does not reveal acu ...	2002	12572127
transgenics of an elite indica rice variety pusa basmati 1 harbouring the coda gene are highly tolerant to salt stress.	transgenic lines of indica rice were generated by agrobacterium-mediated transformation with the choline oxidase ( coda) gene from arthrobacter globiformis. choline oxidase catalyses conversion of choline to glycine betaine. glycine betaine is known to provide tolerance against a variety of stresses. molecular analyses of seven independent transgenic lines as performed by southern, northern and western hybridization revealed integration and expression of the transgene as well as inheritance in t ...	2002	12582870
studies on the effect of inoculation of activated sludge with bacteria actively degrading hydrocarbons on the biodegradation of petroleum products.	eighteen strains of bacteria were isolated from activated sludge purifying petroleum-refining wastewaters. these strains were plated on solidified mineral medium supplemented with oil fraction in concentration 1000 mg/l. four of the strains that grew best in the presence of oil were selected for further studies. the strains were identified based on bonde's scheme and microscopic observations. three of them belonged to the genus arthrobacter and one to the genus micrococcus. stationary cultures o ...	2002	12588103
simultaneous horizontal gene transfer of a gene coding for ribosomal protein l27 and operational genes in arthrobacter sp.	phylogenetic analysis of bacterial l27 ribosomal proteins showed that, against taxonomy, the l27 protein from the actinobacteria arthrobacter sp. clusters with protein sequences from the bacillus group. the l27 gene clusters in the arthrobacter sp. genome with six genes responsible for creatinine and sarcosine degradation. phylogenetic analyses of orthologue proteins encoded by three of these genes also showed a phylogenetic relationship with bacillus species. comparisons between the synonymous ...	2002	12486522
exposure to airborne microorganisms and endotoxin in a potato processing plant.	microbiological air sampling was performed in a big potato processing plant located in eastern poland. air samples for determination of concentrations of microorganisms, dust and endotoxin were collected at 6 sites in the division producing potato flakes and meal from dried potato pulp and at 2 sites in the division producing potato syrup from imported starch. the concentrations of total airborne microorganisms were within a range of 28.3-93.1 x 10(3) cfu/m(3). mesophilic bacteria were dominant ...	2002	12498592
[mercury-resistant bacteria from permafrost sediments and prospects for their use in comparative studies of mercury resistance determinants].	mercury-resistant bacteria were isolated from permafrost sediments of kolyma lowland and canada existing over five thousand to two million years. their content was shown to vary within the range 0.001-2.9% and to depend on the amount of mercury in sampling sites (coefficient of correlation 0.75). a collection of mercury-resistant bacterial strains was created. in this collection, various representatives of both gram-positive bacteria (bacillus, exiguobacterium, micrococcus, arthrobacter) and gra ...	2002	12500685
isolation of arthrobacter strains on the basis of their cystite formation.		2002	12469299
purification and properties of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase with high affinity for nadp from arthrobacter globiformis.	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from arthrobacter globiformis was purified to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by ion-exchange, butyl-toyopearl and gel filtration chromatography. the enzyme was found to be a tetramer with identical 55 kda subunits. both nad+ and nadp+ could be used as a cofactor for the enzyme and michaelis constants (k(m) value) for nad+ and nadp+ were 1075 microm and 48 microm, respectively. the enzyme was highly specific for betaine aldehyde and ...	2002	16233177
transfer of high-mannose-type oligosaccharides to disaccharides by endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae.	endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) has transglycosylation activity, and high-mannose-type oligosaccharides are transferred to suitable glycosides as acceptor substrates. the acceptor specificity of endo-a-catalyzed transglycosylation toward various disaccharides was investigated. to identify an effective acceptor for the transglycosylation by endo-a, the reaction was carried out using various disaccharides. endo-a transferred high-mannose-type oligosacchar ...	2002	16233259
removal and recovery of uranyl ion using various microorganisms.	the adsorption of uranyl ion by microorganisms was examined. among the 76 strains of 69 species tested (23 bacteria, 20 actinomycetes, 18 fungi, and 15 yeasts), high uranyl ion adsorption ability was exhibited by strains of the bacteria, arthrobacter nicotianae, bacillus subtilis, and micrococcus luteus. a. nicotianae cells, which showed the best performance, could adsorb about 698 mg uranyl ion (2.58 mmol) per gram dry wt. of microbial cells. the adsorption of uranyl ion was rapid, selective, a ...	2002	16233264
plasmid localisation of atrazine-degrading genes in newly described chelatobacter and arthrobacter strains.	abstract in a previous study, we isolated a collection of atrazine-degrading bacteria from various soils. the aim of this study was to localise the atrazine-degrading genes in these 25 atrazine-degrading strains. in the case of the gram-negative strains of chelatobacter heintzii, six to seven plasmids were observed. the atzabc and trzd genes were located on two or three plasmids with variable molecular masses. for the gram-positive strains of arthrobacter crystallopoietes, the atzbc genes were l ...	2002	19709240
bacterial populations associated with mycelium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices.	abstract the influences of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices on the culturable aerobic-heterotrophic bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and hyphosphere of cucumber plants (cucumis satvius) were investigated. mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants were grown in compartmentalised growth units, each with a root compartment and two lateral root-free compartments. samples representing rhizosphere, root-free soil, root-free sand and washed sand extract were collected 52 days ...	2002	19709247
impact of 4-chlorophenol contamination and/or inoculation with the 4-chlorophenol-degrading strain, arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6l, on soil bacterial community structure.	the 4-chlorophenol-degrading strain, arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6l (chromosomally tagged with the firefly luciferase gene, luc) was inoculated into 4-chlorophenol-contaminated soil to assess the impact of bioaugmentation with a biodegrading strain on the indigenous microbiota. simultaneously, the impact of 4-chlorophenol alone, or inoculation with a. chlorophenolicus into non-contaminated soil, was addressed. using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) several significan ...	2002	19709298
interactions between strains of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol-producing pseudomonas fluorescens in the rhizosphere of wheat.	abstract strains of fluorescent pseudomonas spp. that produce the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphoroglucinol (2,4-dapg) are among the most effective rhizobacteria controlling diseases caused by soilborne pathogens. the genotypic diversity that exists among 2,4-dapg producers can be exploited to improve rhizosphere competence and biocontrol activity. knowing that d-genotype 2,4-dapg-producing strains are enriched in some take-all decline soils and that p. fluorescens q8r1-96, a representative d-genotyp ...	2003	18943865
tylenchulus semipenetrans alters the microbial community in the citrus rhizosphere.	infection of citrus seedlings by tylenchulus semipenetrans was shown to reduce subsequent infection of roots by phytophthora nicotianae and to increase plant growth compared to plants infected by only the fungus. hypothetical mechanisms by which the nematode suppresses fungal development include nutrient competition, direct antibiosis, or alteration of the microbial community in the rhizosphere to favor microorganisms antagonistic to p. nicotianae. a test of the last hypothesis was conducted via ...	2003	19265991
molecular cloning of the gene encoding the di-d-fructofuranose 1,2':2,3' dianhydride hydrolysis enzyme (dfa iiiase) from arthrobacter sp. h65-7.	the gene encoding an intracellular enzyme hydrolyzing di-d-fructofuranose 1,2':2,3' dianhydride (dfa iii) (dfa iiiase) was cloned from the genomic dna of arthrobacter sp. h65-7 for the first time. the single open reading frame (orf) of the dfa iiiase gene consisted of 1368-bp encoding 455 amino acids. dfa iiiase showed a phylogenetically distinct position from other inulin-degrading enzymes and showed similarity only with inulin fructotransferases (depolymerizing) (inulase ii, ec 2.4.1.93) from ...	2003	16233453
[the product identification study on the isolating process of strains produced trehalose].	in the isolating process of stains whose endocellular enzymes can produce trehalose on starch or maltooligosaccharides, we discovered the components of enzymatic reactant were complicated and it was difficult to purify them each other, however, we have to know quickly whether there was tehalose in the enzymatic reactant above. in order to make it clearly, thinner layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and 13c-nuclear magnetic resona ...	2003	16276879
[a new aerobic gram-positive bacterium with a unique ability to degrade ortho- and para-chlorinated biphenyls].	strain b51 capable of degrading polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) was isolated from soil contaminated with wastes from the chemical industry. based on its morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the strain was identified as a microbacterium sp. experiments with washed cells showed that strain b51 is able to degrade ortho- and para-substituted mono-, di-, and trichlorinated biphenyls (mcb, dcb, and tcb, respectively). unlike the known pcb degraders, microbacterium sp. b51 is able to oxidi ...	2003	14768541
oligosaccharides and derivatives--integrating biocatalyst selectivity and chemical diversity.	several biocatalytic pathways are available to synthesize rare sugars, oligosaccharides and derivatives. as examples selective hydrolysis, transglycosylation and regioselective oxidation are presented illustrating their potential. from inulin, difructose anhydrides and inulobiose are accessible via specific hydrolases with transglycosylation activity. glycosyltransferases of the sucrase type utilise sucrose as a versatile substrate for the selective transfer of either glucosyl- or fructosyl unit ...	2003	15296178
[construction of gene library of arthrobacter bt801 and isolation & expression of hydantoinase gene].	hydantoinase can be widely used in enzymic production of various amino acids. in order to obtain the hydantoinase genes in arthrobacter bt801, its chromatosomal dna is isolated and partialy digested with sau3a i to collect fragments of about 30kb. then, this fragment is inserted into the hpa i and pst i site of cosmid pkc505. the genomic library was thus constructed by packing in vitro with lambda phage package protein and transfecting e. coli dh5alpha. a positive transformant was selected from ...	2003	15969007
[cloning and expression of l-n-carbamoylase gene from arthrobacter bt801 in escherichia coli].	hydantoin-utility-enzyme is widely used in enzymic production of various amino acids. one of its component, carbamoylase, is responsible for the conversion of n-carbamylamino acids to corresponding amino acids, which is crucial for the stereoselectivity and rate limiting. to improve the production of the enzyme, an l-n-carbamoylase gene from arthrobacter bt801, a hydantoinase producting strain being able to convert 5-benzylhydantoin to phenylalanine, was cloned into e. coli. the gene was highly ...	2003	15966317
proteolytic activity of a yeast cell wall lytic arthrobacter species.	to investigate properties of the proteolytic activity of a yeast cell wall lytic soil bacterium identified as an arthrobacter species.	2003	12641716
4-nitrocatechol as a probe of a mn(ii)-dependent extradiol-cleaving catechol dioxygenase (mndd): comparison with relevant fe(ii) and mn(ii) model complexes.	mn(ii)-dependent 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase (mndd) is an extradiol-cleaving catechol dioxygenase from arthrobacter globiformis that has 82% sequence identity to and cleaves the same substrate (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) as fe(ii)-dependent 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase (hpcd) from brevibacterium fuscum. we have observed that mndd binds the chromophoric 4-nitrocatechol (4-nch(2)) substrate as a dianion and cleaves it extremely slowly, in contrast to the fe(ii)-de ...	2003	12589562
sequence of the 165-kilobase catabolic plasmid pao1 from arthrobacter nicotinovorans and identification of a pao1-dependent nicotine uptake system.	the 165-kb catabolic plasmid pao1 enables the gram-positive soil bacterium arthrobacter nicotinovorans to grow on the tobacco alkaloid l-nicotine. the 165,137-nucleotide sequence, with an overall g+c content of 59.7%, revealed, besides genes and open reading frames (orfs) for nicotine degradation, a complete set of orfs for enzymes essential for the biosynthesis of the molybdenum dinucleotide cofactor, as well as orfs related to uptake and utilization of carbohydrates, sarcosine, and amino acids ...	2003	12618462
respiration of 13c-labeled substrates added to soil in the field and subsequent 16s rrna gene analysis of 13c-labeled soil dna.	our goal was to develop a field soil biodegradation assay using (13)c-labeled compounds and identify the active microorganisms by analyzing 16s rrna genes in soil-derived (13)c-labeled dna. our biodegradation approach sought to minimize microbiological artifacts caused by physical and/or nutritional disturbance of soil associated with sampling and laboratory incubation. the new field-based assay involved the release of (13)c-labeled compounds (glucose, phenol, caffeine, and naphthalene) to soil ...	2003	12620850
levan fructotransferase from arthrobacter oxydans j17-21 catalyzes the formation of the di-d-fructose dianhydride iv from levan.	a new levan fructotransferase (lftase) isolated from arthrobacter oxydans j17-21 was characterized for the production of difructose dianhydride iv (dfa iv). lftase was purified to apparent homogeneity by q-sepharose ion exchange chromatography, mono-q hr 5/5 column chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography. the enzyme had an apparent molecular mass of 54000 da. the optimum ph for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction was ph 6.5, and the optimum temperature was observed at 45 degrees c. the lftas ...	2003	12696949
[the 1(2)-dehydrogenation of steroid substrates by nocardioides simplex vkm ac-2033d].	the bacterium formerly known as arthrobacter globiformis 193 has high 1(2)-dehydrogenase activity toward pharmaceutically important steroids, 9(11)-dehydrocortexolone in particular. the complex analysis of the morphostructural, physiological, biochemical, and phylogenetic properties of this bacterium allowed us to reclassify it into nocardioides simplex (n. simplex vkm ac-2033d).	2003	12698789
channelling and formation of 'active' formaldehyde in dimethylglycine oxidase.	here we report crystal structures of dimethylglycine oxidase (dmgo) from the bacterium arthrobacter globiformis, a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of n,n-dimethyl glycine and the formation of 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. the n-terminal region binds fad covalently and oxidizes dimethylglycine to a labile iminium intermediate. the c-terminal region binds tetrahydrofolate, comprises three domains arranged in a ring-like structure and is related to the t-protein of the glycine c ...	2003	12912903
cold adaptation of a psychrophilic chitinase: a mutagenesis study.	the gene encoding chitinase archib from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. tad20 has been expressed in escherichia coli and the recombinant enzyme purified to homogeneity. in an effort to engineer cold-adapted biocatalysts through rational redesign to operate at elevated temperatures, we performed several mutations aiming to increase the rigidity of the molecular edifice of the selected psychrophilic chitinase. the mutations were designed on the basis of a homology-based three-dimensional model of t ...	2003	12915727
ph and deuterium kinetic isotope effects studies on the oxidation of choline to betaine-aldehyde catalyzed by choline oxidase.	the fad-dependent choline oxidase catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine-betaine, with betaine-aldehyde as intermediate. the enzyme is capable of accepting either choline or betaine-aldehyde as a substrate, allowing the investigation of the reaction mechanism for both the conversion of choline to betaine-aldehyde and of betaine-aldehyde to glycine-betaine. in the present study, ph and deuterium kinetic isotope effects with [1,2-2h(4)]-choline were used to study the mechanism ...	2003	12922164