Publications

purification and characterization of a polyphosphate kinase from arthrobacter atrocyaneus.	polyphosphate kinase, an enzyme which incorporated the gamma-phosphate of atp into long-chain polyphosphate molecules, was purified more than 700-fold from arthrobacter atrocyaneus by ammonium sulphate fractionation, deae-cellulose column chromatography and ssphadex g-200 gel filtration. the enzyme had a broad ph optimum at 6-0 to 7-0 and required mn2+ or mg2+, histone, and inorganic phosphate for activity. the km for mn-atp was 0-53 mm, and for inorganic phosphate was 1-67 mm. free atp concentr ...	1975	168307
action of chondroitinases. i. the mode of action of two chondroitinase-ac preparations of different origin.	the modes of action of two chondroitinases-ac [ec 4.2.2.5] from arthrobacter aurescens and flavobacterium heparinum were examined. by comparison of the increase of viscosity and by analyses of digests using paper chromatography and gel filtration, it was shown that the arthrobacter enzyme (a-chase) degrades the substrate by a stepwise attack, while the flavobacterium enzyme (f-chase) exhibits a more random attack, though the first attack of both enzymes is of endo-type. further study was carried ...	1976	138676
differentiation of genera of the coryneform bacteria.	a scheme of the generic structure of the group of coryneform bacteria, including the genera arthrobacter, brevibacterium, cellulomonas, corynebacterium, and rhodococcus, is suggested. morphological, chemotaxonomic (presence and stereochemical form of diaminopimelic acid, lipid a, and l-arabinose), and physiological features were used as diagnostic criteria. the position of microbacterum and mycococcus and of coryneforms with a nocardial wall but giving a positive hugh-leifson anaerobic test, and ...	1979	121544
thiocyanate utilization by an arthrobacter.	an arthrobacter species, which utilized thiocyanate (scn-) as a nitrogen source, was isolated from soil by the enrichment culture method. the organism tolerated scn- concentrations up to 0.1 m. on addition of nitrate or ammonium ion to cultures of the isolate growing in the presence of scn-, the organism continued to degrade scn-. degradation could be followed by release of 14co2 from scn-(14c). the scn- -degrading activity diminished to low levels as the stationary phase of growth was appraoche ...	1979	120217
[carboxylation enzymes of coryneform bacteria].	the enzymes of carbon dioxide heterotrophic fixation were studied in six strains of coryneform bacteria belonging to the genera arthrobacter, brevibacterium, corynebacterium and nocardia. all of the strains were found to contain pep (phosphoenolpyruvate) carboxylase (ec 4.1.1.31), nadp or nad dependent malic enzymes (ec 1.1.1.38--40). pyruvate carboxylase (ec 6.4.1.1) was found only in three strains of coryneforms: brevibacterium ammoniagenes, corynebacterium aquaticum and nocardia erythropolis. ...	1979	119147
comparison of three procedures for isolating dna from bacteria.	three methods employing chloroform-isoamyl alcohol (ci), phenol, or enzymes, were evaluated for isolating dna from escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, and arthrobacter globiformis. for the amounts of reagents employed at optimum conditions in the ci and phenol procedures, 0.4-0.9 mg of dna/g wet weight of cells was isolated. using the enzymatic procedure, approximately twice as much dna was isolated. dna isolated by the ci procedure contained 0.03-0.09% protein and 0.08-0.12% rna. dna isolated ...	1979	119130
immunodiffusion studies of ribosomes in classification of mycobacteria and related taxa.	ribosomal preparations consisting of crude ribosomes (cr), 30s subunits (30s) and 16s core particles (16s) from four strains of the species mycobacterium bovis (bcg), mycobacterium fortuitum, mycobacterium phlei and mycobacterium smegmatis were analyzed by immunodiffusion technique for taxonomical purposes. the ribosomal preparations tested contained several interspecies cross-reacting precipitinogens. the number of precipitinogens demonstrated at the homologous reactions was generally larger th ...	1979	109401
gentic engineering for practical application.	genetic engineering has ushered in a new era in biology. although many problems are still to be solved, there are examples that point to a possible later application for the benefit of mankind: bacteria can be manipulated to degrade crude-oil spillages, to produce human insulin and to bind nitrogen from the air. if all the bacteria that are indigenous to agricultural soils could be made to bind nitrogen, an increase in soil fertility might well result.	1979	108601
[pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in methylotrophs].	the activity of pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases was determined in cell extracts of obligate and facultative methylotrophs which metabolized monocarbon reduced compounds via different pathways. phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase was found to be the only enzyme responsible for the high level of co2 fixation by methylotrophs with the serine pathway (methylosinus trichosporium, hyphomicrobium vulgare, pseudomonas methylica). methylotrophs with the hexulose phosphate pathway mehylobacter c ...	1979	108526
[enzymes of intermediary metabolism in coryneform bacteria].	enzymes of the intermediate metabolism were studied in ten strains of corynebacterium-like organisms belonging to the genera arthrobacter, brevibacterium, corynebacterium and nocardia. all of these were found to contain enzymes of the glycolytic pathway, and nine strains among ten had dehydrogenases of the pentose phosphate shunt. the activity of enzymes of the citric acid cycle was low: alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase was not found in arthrobacter, corynebacterium, brevibacterium linens and n ...	1979	108525
isoprenoid quinones in the classification of coryneform and related bacteria.	menaquinones were the only isoprenoid quinones found in 85 of the 95 coryneform bacteria examined. dihydromenaquinones having nine isoprene units were the main components isolated from corynebacterium bovis, from other glutamic acid-producing strains, and from arthrobacter globiformis and related species. dihydromenaquinones with eight isoprene units were found in brevibacterium linens, the remaining corynebacterium species and strains probably belonging to the genus rhodococcus. tetrahydromenaq ...	1979	107269
[chemotaxonomic markers of several coryneform bacteria and the "rhodochrous" group].	chemotaxonomic characters (the monosaccharide composition and diaminopimelic acid (dap) of cell hydrolysates, the type of lipid lcn-a) were studied with bacteria of the "rhodochrous" complex and the arthrobacter genus isolated from natural substrates as well as with collection strains of the genera arthrobacter, brevibacterium and corynebacterium. if arabinose, galactose and meso-dap were present in cell hydrolysates of these bacteria, they always contained lipid lcn-a. bacteria of the "rhodochr ...	1978	106219
[peptidoglycan type and cell wall polysaccharide composition of cellulomonas cartalyticum and some coryneform organisms (author's transl)].	cellulomonas cartalyticum was found to contain a peptidoglycan type different from that of the other species of cellulomonas. the diamino acid is lysin instead of ornithine and the interpeptide bridge consists of d-asp-d-ser. the same peptidoglycan type occurs in corynebacterium manihot, brevibacterium liticum and arthrobacter luteus. these non cellulolytic organisms are most likely not closely related with cellulomonas cartalyticum, as indicated by the very different g +c content of their dna, ...	1978	98123
the metabolism of 1-phenylethanol and acetophenone by nocardia t5 and an arthrobacter species.		1978	77775
isolation and characterization of arthrobacter bacteriophages and their application to phage typing of soil arthrobacters.	seventeen bacteriophages, active against 19 arthrobacter soil isolates, were isolated from concentrated samples of river water and sewage. attempts to isolate arthrobacter bacteriophages from filtrates of broth cultures of the soil isolates or from ultraviolet light-irradiated cultures were unsuccessful. bacteriophages were not detected in either concentrated or unconcentrated soil extracts. electron microscopic studies of 11 phages showed morphologies characteristic of bradley's groups b (exhib ...	1978	74980
use of electron microscopy for soil microbiology capabilities and limitations.	soil dilutions were studied by different techniques: they were retained on cellulose filters and observed either directly by scanning electron microscopy or after inclusion and ultra-thin sectioning by transmission electron microscopy. morphology and locomotor organs of bacteria were observed after negative staining. they were plated on various culture media in order to isolate and identify most of the nonexacting microorganisms. results are compared and the use of electron microscopy in soil st ...	1977	74922
ovalbumin gene. action of restriction endonucleases upon dna coding sequence.		1977	68956
an activity stain for l-serine dehydratase in polyacrylamide gels.		1977	68687
studies on the biodegradation of nonionic surfactants applied in the polyester fiber industry. i. activated sludge bacteria degrading the surfactants.	the paper presents characteristics of 76 strains of bacteria capable of utilizing nonionic surfactants cirrasol fp, cirrasol sf 200 and cirrasol tcs as the source of carbon. the strains were isolated from two activated sludges adapted to the purification of wastes containing the above compounds at concentration 150--200 mg/l. the isolated strains belonged to the genera: achromobacter, alcaligenes, arthrobacter, flavobacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia, pseudomonas and xanthomonas. with load 0.11 ...	1976	62497
effect of dicumarol on the growth of some soil microorganisms.	the effect of dicumarol on growth of selected soil bacteria: azotobacter chroococcum, arthrobacter globiformis, a. citreus and bacillus megaterium was studied. the following minimum concentrations were inhibitory in vitro: arthrobacter citreus--20 mug/ml., bacillus megaterium--40 mug/ml., azotobacter chroococcum--40 mug/ml. arthrobacter globiformis--70 mug/ml. cells of all microorganisms studied grown in the presence of dicumarol developed aberrant morphological forms.	1976	59533
enzymatic properties of neuraminidases from arthrobacter ureafaciens.	neuraminidase i and neuraminidase ii from arthrobacter ureafaciens were characterized. as determined by gel filtration on ultrogel aca 44, the molecular weights of neuraminidases i and ii were 51,000 and 39,000, respectively. neuraminidases i and ii were similar to each other in their enzymatic properties except for the substrate specificities towards gangliosides and erythrocyte stroma. their optimal phs were between 5.0 and 5.5 with n-acetylneuraminosyl-lactose or bovine submaxillary mucin as ...	1979	42648
emulsifier of arthrobacter rag-1: isolation and emulsifying properties.	the oil-degrading arthrobacter sp. rag-1 produced an extracellular nondialyzable emulsifying agent when grown on hexadecane, ethanol, or acetate medium. the emulsifier was prepared by two procedures: (i) heptane extraction of the cell-free culture medium and (ii) precipitation with ammonium sulfate. a convenient assay was developed for measurement of emulsifier concentrations between 3 and 75 micrograms/ml. the rate of emulsion fromation was proportional to both hydrocarbon and emulsifier concen ...	1979	36840
d-gluconate transport in arthrobacter pyridinolis. metabolic trapping of a protonated solute.	d-gluconate uptake was studied in whole cells of arthrobacter pyridinolis; the uptake activity was inducible, mutable and showed saturation kinetics (km = 5 micrometer). uptake of d-gluconate was not mediated by a phosphoenol-pyruvate : hexose phosphotransferase system, nor was it directly energized by atp. a transmembrane ph gradient, delta ph, of --63 mv was generated by a. pyridinolis cells at ph 6.5, while at ph 7.5, delta ph = 0. addition of 8 micrometer d-gluconate significantly reduced th ...	1979	36144
p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase and melilotate hydroxylase.		1978	30879
mechanism of the oxidation of divalent iron and manganese by iron bacteria developing in a neutral acidic medium.	the paper confirms the existence of a peroxide mechanism involved in oxidation of iron and manganeses by the most typical iron bacteria growing at neutral acidity of the medium. oxidation of bivalent iron and manganese is accomplished by the simultaneous action of catalase and hydrogen peroxide produced in the respiratory chain in the course of oxidation of organic substances. catalase performs the peroxidase function in these processes. the possibility of these biological reactions to occur and ...	1978	30022
acetic acid, a catabolite repressor of cholinesterase synthesis by an arthrobacter simplex culture.	acetic acid was found to repress cholinesterase synthesis in the cells of arthrobacter simplex var. cholinesterasus even at very low concentrations (0.1%). the repression is very stable. it is not eliminated by glucose or an organic acid of the krebs cycle being added to the medium with acetic acid. the combination of acetic and butyric acids decreases the repression but does not eliminate it. the kinetics of cholinesterase synthesis was different in the cells grown on the medium with acetic aci ...	1978	27705
lysis of intact yeast cells and isolated cell walls by an inducible enzyme system of arthrobacter gjm-1.	bacterium arthrobacter gjm-1 known in the literature as a good producer of alpha-mannanase was found to accumulate in the culture fluid lytic activities against viable yeast cells during growth on isolated cell walls or beta-glucan fractions of yeast. the accumulation of the lytic activities showed an inducible character. the lytic system produced in the medium containing baker's yeast cell walls was capable of complete solubiliaztion of cell wals in vitro. the system lysed viable cells of a num ...	1977	22164
the catabolism of l-tyrosine by an arthrobacter sp.	an arthrobacter sp. metabolizes l-tyrosine by a pathway involving 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate as a key intermediate. p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate is formed from tyrosine by an amino-transferase specifically requiring alpha-ketoglutarate for activity, and is then converted to p-hydroxyphenylacetate by an oxidative decarboxylation. p-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde is not an intermediate in the formation of p-hydroxyphenylacetate. extracts of the bacterium oxidize 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate to delta-carboxyme ...	1977	20216
properties of the hexulose phosphate synthase of methylotrophic yeasts and bacteria.	properties of hexulose phosphate synthase (hps) were studied in extracts of the methanol assimilating yeast candida methylica and the bacterium arthrobacter globiformis b-175 assimilating methylated amines. hps is an inducible enzyme which is localized in the soluble fraction of the cells. the effect of the ph of the reaction mixture, temperature, metal ions, and the concentration of substrates on the activity of hps was studied. properties of the enzyme were different in the yeast and the bacte ...	1977	16201
properties of an inducible extracellular neuraminidase from an arthrobacter isolate.	the elective isolation of a soil microorganism, tentatively assigned to the genus arthrobacter, which produced an extracellular neuraminidase is described. the secretion of neuraminidase from washed cells in minimal medium required the presence of sialo-containing glycoproteins, whereas free n-acetyl-neuraminic asid of n-acetylmannosamine were poor inducers. no enzyme could be dected in the induction fitrated of cells, in the absence of inducer or in the culture filtrate of cells grown in a comp ...	1977	14924
the microbial metabolism of acetophenone. metabolism of acetophenone and some chloroacetophenones by an arthrobacter species.	1. an organism that utilizes acetophenone as sole source of carbon and energy was isolated in pure culture and tentatively identified as an arthrobacter sp. 2. cell-free extracts of the acetophenone-grown organism contained an enzyme, acetophenone oxygenase, that catalysed an nadph-dependent consumption of o(2) in the presence of the growth substrate; approx. 1mol of o(2) and 1mol of nadph were consumed per mol of acetophenone oxidized. 3. cell-free extracts also contained an enzyme capable of t ...	1975	4061
the effect of microbial mycolytic agents on trichophyton rubrum.	chitinolytic microorganisms isolated from forest soil and from healthy gypsy moth larvae (porthetria dispar (l.) were screened for their ability to lyse trichophyton rubrum mycelia. a few of these isolates were mycolytic on both autoclaved and on actively growing, intact, t. rubrum mycelia. supernatants from these isolates, utilizing live t. rubrum as the sole carbon source, showed the same mycolytic ability. assays of the supernatants for enzymatic activity revealed exocellular, stable enzymes ...	1975	1677