| generation of a membrane-bound, oligomerized pre-pore complex is necessary for pore formation by clostridium septicum alpha toxin. | low-temperature inhibition of the cytolytic activity of alpha toxin has facilitated the identification of an important step in the cytolytic mechanism of this toxin. when alpha toxin-dependent haemolysis was measured on erythrocytes at various temperatures it was clear that at temperatures < or = 15 degrees c the haemolysis rate was significantly inhibited with little or no haemolysis occurring at 4 degrees c. alpha toxin appeared to bind to and oligomerize on erythrocyte membranes with similar ... | 1997 | 9044288 |
| antibody responses to clostridial infection in humans. | serum antibody responses to the major toxins produced by clostridium difficile, clostridium perfringens, clostridium septicum, clostridium tetani, and clostridium botulinum have been documented following infection. effective toxoid vaccines for tetanus and enteritis necroticans due to c. perfringens type c demonstrate the potential of antitoxin responses. although individual serum and mucosal antibody responses to c. difficile enterotoxin (toxin a) vary, one-third of patients with c. difficile d ... | 1997 | 9310668 |
| [gas gangrene of ischemic myocardial tissue caused by clostridium septicum]. | a 86-year-old woman hospitalized for analysis of persistent abdominal discomfort died, apparently of myocardial infarction, shortly after admission. autopsy revealed extensive myocarditis caused by infection with clostridium septicum. as a portal of entry a carcinoma of the colon was found. the association of colon carcinoma and bacteraemia with c. septicum is well established while colon carcinoma can lead to cardiac hypoxia through blood loss and anaemia. however, myocarditis caused by this or ... | 1996 | 9053745 |
| [gas gangrene due to clostridium septicum in a patient with an occult colonic neoplasm. a case report and review of the literature]. | a case of gaseous gangrene by clostridium septicum associated with colorectal cancer is presented. the patient evolved rapidly towards septic shock and death. autopsy showed occult neoplasm and pelvic and retroperitoneal myonecrosis. an exceptional finding was that of myocarditis in which thick gram-positive bacilli were identified. a review of the literature was carried out regarding the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of this disease. the association of colonic neoplasm and clostridiu ... | 1997 | 9072204 |
| clostridial endocarditis: report of a case caused by clostridium septicum and review of the literature. | we describe a case of fatal infective endocarditis due to clostridium septicum in a patient with underlying colonic carcinoma. this is believed to be the first reported case of c. septicum endocarditis. the literature on the subject is reviewed. | 1993 | 8505566 |
| aortic dissection due to clostridium septicum infection. | | 1997 | 9166278 |
| central nervous system infection due to clostridium septicum: a case report and review of the literature. | a patient with end stage breast cancer was admitted to hospital due to fever, chills, multiply eroded discharging wounds, and sudden onset of left hemiparesis. clostridium septicum bacteremia and brain abscess were diagnosed. the patient was treated successfully with intravenous penicillin and clindamycin and stereotactic aspiration of the abscess. eleven cases of c. septicum central nervous system infection are reviewed. they showed an extremely fulminant course and high fatality. nevertheless, ... | 1997 | 9181386 |
| nontraumatic gas gangrene. | a 77-year-old man with a history significant only for coronary artery disease presented to the ed with left-arm pain, shortness of breath, nausea, and diaphoresis. six hours after the patient's admission to the hospital for presumed unstable angina, fever and left arm swelling, associated with crepitus and violaceous bullae, developed. the patient was taken to the operating room, where he was found to have extensive myonecrosis requiring forequarter amputation of the left arm. nontraumatic clost ... | 1997 | 9209235 |
| mycotic thoracic aneurysm due to clostridium septicum and occult adenocarcinoma of the cecum. | | 1997 | 9142770 |
| spontaneous gas gangrene: an unusual complication of colonic carcinoma. | clostridium septicum myonecrosis is an acutely painful and rapidly fatal infection occurring in the absence of trauma. urgent surgery is essential both to maximize survival and to provide effective pain control. the majority of patients who develop this infection have an underlying malignancy and clinicians involved in the care of cancer patients should be aware of this condition. we present a case report and summarize the literature to date. | 1997 | 9269553 |
| effect of temperature and glucose concentration on dnase production by clostridium septicum. | | 1997 | 9310663 |
| clostridium septicum infection in children with cyclic neutropenia. | atraumatic clostridium septicum infection is rare in infancy and childhood and is associated with a high mortality rate. although in adults it has been reported to occur mainly in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy, pediatric cases were always associated with neutropenia. about 70% of the cases were described in children with neutropenia caused by chemotherapy and 30% were found in children with cyclic neutropenia. no case was described in children with other forms of congenital severe ne ... | 1997 | 9290625 |
| a coincidence of disastrous accidents: crohn's disease, agranulocytosis, and clostridium septicum infection. | | 1997 | 9314329 |
| the propeptide of clostridium septicum alpha toxin functions as an intramolecular chaperone and is a potent inhibitor of alpha toxin-dependent cytolysis. | clostridium septicum alpha toxin is activated by a proteolytic cleavage at arg-398 in its carboxy terminus, which yields a 41.3-kda cytolytically active toxin and a 5.1-kda propeptide. studies were performed to determine when the propeptide dissociated from the toxin after proteolytic activation of the protoxin (at(pro)) and to demonstrate the chaperone activity of the propeptide. the propeptide was found to remain associated with the toxin after activation with trypsin (at(act)) when analysed b ... | 1997 | 9302006 |
| clostridium septicum sepsis and neutropenic enterocolitis in a patient treated with intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. | we report a case of neutropenic enterocolitis complicated by clostridium septicum sepsis following intensive chemotherapy to induce remission of acute myeloid leukemia. with the trend towards more intensive chemotherapy, particularly using regimens that induce gastrointestinal toxicity, it is important to recognize the circumstances under which sepsis due to c. septicum is likely to occur, so that appropriate treatment can be instituted promptly. | 1997 | 9111429 |
| detection of clostridium septicum hemolysin gene by polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed for the detection of the hemolysin (alpha toxin) gene of clostridium septicum. the pcr primers were designed from the sequence of the hemolysin gene and synthesized. a dna fragment of 270 bp was amplified from 10 strains of c. septicum, but was not from strains of c. chauvoei, c. perfringens, c. novyi, or c. haemolyticum. when the pcr product was digested with sau3ai, two dna fragments of the expected 148 bp and 122 bp were recognized. the lowest d ... | 1997 | 9342717 |
| clostridium septicum alpha-toxin is proteolytically activated by furin. | clostridium septicum alpha-toxin is secreted as an inactive 46,450-da protoxin. the protoxin is activated by proteolytic cleavage near the c terminus, which eventually causes the release of a 45-amino-acid fragment. proteoytic activation and loss of the propeptide allow alpha-toxin to oligomerize and form pores on the plasma membrane, which results in colloidal-osmotic lysis. activation may be accomplished in vitro by cleavage with trypsin at arg367 (j. ballard, y. sokolov, w. l. yuan, b. l. kag ... | 1997 | 9317018 |
| clostridium septicum endocarditis complicated by aortic-ring abscess and aortitis. | | 1998 | 9502477 |
| aerolysin--a paradigm for membrane insertion of beta-sheet protein toxins? | the determination of the crystal structure of the bacterial protein proaerolysin provided the first view of a pore-forming toxin constructed mainly from beta-sheet. the structure that was obtained and subsequent crystallographic and biochemical studies have together allowed us to explain how the toxin is transformed from a water-soluble dimer to a heptameric transmembrane pore. recent discoveries of structural similarities between aerolysin and other toxins suggest that the structure/function st ... | 1998 | 9615432 |
| enzymatic and molecular properties of the clostridium tertium sialidase. | clostridium tertium metabolizes sialoglycoconjugates via a secreted sialidase [ec 3.2.1.18] and an intracellular acylneuraminate pyruvate lyase [ec 4.1.3.3]. the sialidase was enriched 1,900-fold from the culture medium with a specific activity of 0.7 u per mg protein. it exhibits a temperature optimum of 50 degreesc and tolerates mercury ions at relatively high concentrations (50% inhibition at 5.2 mm hg2+). the sialidase gene was detected on two restriction fragments (hincii, hindiii) of chrom ... | 1998 | 9832614 |
| clostridium septicum myonecrosis presenting as a parapharyngeal abscess in a patient with aplastic anemia. | the first reported case of clostridium septicum myonecrosis in an adult with aplastic anemia is described. the patient presented with sepsis, a parapharyngeal abscess that necessitated emergent intubation, and severe intravascular hemolysis attributed to clostridial alpha-toxin production. despite prompt recognition and treatment, the patient died of his infection. c. septicum myonecrosis should be considered in any immunocompromised patient with sepsis, especially when accompanied by evidence o ... | 1998 | 9795792 |
| clostridium septicum osteomyelitis: case report and review. | | 1998 | 9802642 |
| identification of clostridium chauvoei in cultures and clinical material from blackleg using pcr. | an identification system for clostridium chauvoei, using pcr amplification of the 16s rrna gene (rrs) with specific oligonucleotide primers and subsequent restriction digestion of the amplification product is described. the specific oligonucleotide primers were designed based on the rrs gene sequences of c. chauvoei by comparing it to the dna sequences of the rrs genes of its most closely related species clostridium septicum and clostridium carnis. a subsequent restriction digestion of the 960 b ... | 1997 | 9355263 |
| clostridium septicum osteomyelitis with intramedullary gas on ct and mr imaging. | | 1999 | 10227549 |
| detection of neutralizing antibodies against alpha-toxin of different clostridium septicum strains in cell culture. | clostridium septicum, a ubiquitious organism, is the pathogen which causes the classical malignant edema after injuries. because of its strong cytotoxic alpha-toxin, infections are often lethal. to prevent losses in animals, vaccination with alpha-toxoid vaccines is carried out. quality control of the vaccines is done by a neutralization test in mice. a cytotoxin test and as an alternative method to detect neutralizing antibodies, a cytotoxin inhibition test was standardized. in the studies, alp ... | 1999 | 10397322 |
| nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis. | we describe three cases of nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis seen at the victorian institute of forensic medicine. nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis is an uncommon and often fatal condition that requires immediate institution of appropriate medical and surgical therapy. it is most commonly caused by clostridium perfringens and clostridium septicum and is associated with gastrointestinal and hematologic malignancies, diabetes mellitus, and peripheral vascular disease. the clinical features ... | 1999 | 10414657 |
| clostridium septicum alpha toxin uses glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein receptors. | the alpha toxin produced by clostridium septicum is a channel-forming protein that is an important contributor to the virulence of the organism. chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells are sensitive to low concentrations of the toxin, indicating that they contain toxin receptors. using retroviral mutagenesis, a mutant cho line (bag15) was generated that is resistant to alpha toxin. facs analysis showed that the mutant cells have lost the ability to bind the toxin, indicating that they lack an alpha to ... | 1999 | 10480947 |
| clostridium septicum septicaemia with myonecrosis. | a case of fatal spontaneous gas gangrene due to clostridium septicum septicaemia associated with an occult rectal malignancy is presented. this condition has a rapid progression and a high mortality even with prompt treatment. it is important that the radiologist considers this diagnosis in an appropriate clinical setting to allow rapid instigation of appropriate therapy. | 1999 | 10901913 |
| [enterocolitis in a neutropenic patient and bacteremia caused by clostridium septicum]. | | 1998 | 9835162 |
| [bilateral lower leg pain as a sign of clostridium septicum infection]. | | 1996 | 10592641 |
| case report: clostridium septicum infection presenting as liver abscess in a case of choriocarcinoma with liver metastasis. | clostridium septicum is an anaerobic, gram-positive bacillus. infection with this organism has a known association with malignant diseases, especially colon and haematological cancers. clostridium septicum is rarely found to be a pathogen of liver abscess. herein, we report the case of a female choriocarcinoma patient with liver metastasis in which c. septicum infection presented as a gas-forming liver abscess. this case and previous reports indicate that once c. septicum is identified as a path ... | 1999 | 10634163 |
| cellulitis due to escherichia coli in three immunocompromised subjects. | in adults, cellulitis is usually caused by group a streptococci and staphylococcus aureus. however, in patients with underlying disease, it may be caused by other organisms, such as acinetobacter, clostridium septicum, enterobacter, haemophilus influenzae, proteus mirabilis or escherichia coli. we report three cases of cellulitis of the lower legs where e. coli was the causative bacterial organism. it is important to suspect e. coli as a causative organism if blistering cellulitis occurs, especi ... | 1998 | 9892960 |
| presence of phospholipase-d (dly) gene coding for damselysin production is not a pre-requisite for pathogenicity in photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. | the presence of the phospholipase-d (dly) gene as pre-requisite for virulence of photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae for poikilotherm and homoiotherm animals was investigated in a total of 17 strains isolated from fish, shellfish, mammals and seawater. with this aim, we developed two pcr protocols. a simple pcr using primers flanking the almost complete dly gene, and a multiplex-pcr using two sets of primers directed to internal fragments of the dly and 16s rrna genes. only six of the 17 ph. ... | 2000 | 10644497 |
| exogenously acquired clostridium septicum gas gangrene--a case report. | we report on a 72-year-old woman suffering from gas gangrene of the right leg, which developed 3 days after getting injured while gardening. due to rapid microbiological diagnosis-direct microscopical examination of muscle biopsies revealed numerous grampositive rods-, immediately performed amputation of the leg and antibiotic treatment with penicillin and metronidazole the patient survived. from the muscle biopsies clostridium septicum, which is found ubiquitously, was isolated in pure culture. | 1998 | 9887679 |
| clostridium septicum myonecrosis and ovarian cancer: a case report and review of literature. | a case report of lethal distant myonecrosis with gas gangrene is presented. cultures from blood and suppuration of our patient revealed clostridium septicum. at obduction the patient appeared to have a necrotic metastasis of a known ovarian carcinoma in the cecum wall. predisposing conditions for this type of infection are hematologic malignancies, colon carcinoma, neutropenia, diabetes mellitus, and disruption of the bowel mucosa. clostridium septicum is highly associated with the presence of a ... | 1999 | 9889043 |
| sepsis due to clostridium septicum: case report. | | 2000 | 10786915 |
| cns infection with clostridium septicum. | we present an unusual case of clostridium septicum brain infection in a 72-yr-old woman who had no underlying malignant disease. the infection spread from a localized sit to the cns causing gas formation. the patient died rapidly. | 2000 | 10879607 |
| another cause of necrotizing fasciitis? | necrotizing fasciitis is a rare condition, but has a devastating clinical course if it is not diagnosed early and treated aggressively. there are usually a number of organisms implicated in its pathogenesis, but in this case report a patient is presented in whom the only organism isolated from both tissue and blood cultures was clostridium septicum. this organism almost always causes a myonecrosis, but in this case only the superficial and deep fascial layers were affected, sparing the underlyin ... | 1997 | 9354354 |
| risk factors for anaerobic bloodstream infections in bone marrow transplant recipients. | the incidence of anaerobic bloodstream infections (bsi) in patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation (bmt) recently increased at our institution. a retrospective case-control study of patients undergoing bmt from january 1995 through december 1998 was performed to determine the microbiological characteristics, epidemiology, and outcome of anaerobic bsi and to identify independent risk factors for infection. anaerobic bsi occurred in 23 patients, for a rate of 4 bsis per 100 bmt procedur ... | 2001 | 11438899 |
| clinical features of clostridial bacteremia: a review from a rural area. | blood samples, which were obtained from patients who lived in a rural area with approximately 500 acute-care hospital beds, were cultured from 1990 through 1997. we retrospectively reviewed the blood cultures that yielded clostridium species (74 [0.12%] of 63,296 cultures). these were obtained from 46 different hospitalized patients (incidents per hospital, 0.03%). the source of the clostridium species was a gastrointestinal site in 24 patients (52.2%). the most frequently identified clostridium ... | 2001 | 11438901 |
| [cell cultures as a system for distinguishing between strains ofclostridium chauvoei and clostridium septicum isolated in northeastern mexico]. | clostridium chauvoei and c. septicum have similar characteristics as far as results from biochemical methods and gas chromatography (gc) are concerned. a total of 267 samples collected from sick or dead animals in the fields from northeast mexico, were bacteriologically analysed and differentiated by the gc technique. from these strains, 16 belong to the group of c. chauvoei/c. septicum. studies on the effect of toxin on cell cultures of the lines ebl, 3t3, bhk21-bsr/pk5/88, cho-k1 and mdck were ... | 1999 | 10932771 |
| clostridium septicum infection and hemolytic uremic syndrome. | five cases of clostridium septicum infection secondary to escherichia coli o157-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome have been reported. we report on three cases (one of which is included in the above five) of dual cl. septicum and e. coil infection; all three patients were exposed to farm animals. a common zoonotic source for cl. septicum and e. coli o157 infections should be considered. patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome should be treated aggressively and monitored closely for cl. septicum s ... | 1998 | 9621207 |
| expression and properties of an aerolysin--clostridium septicum alpha toxin hybrid protein. | aerolysin is a bilobal channel-forming toxin secreted by aeromonas hydrophila. the alpha toxin produced by clostridium septicum is homologous to the large lobe of aerolysin. however, it does not contain a region corresponding to the small lobe of the aeromonas toxin, leading us to ask what the function of the small lobe is. we fused the small lobe of aerolysin to alpha toxin, producing a hybrid protein that should structurally resemble aerolysin. unlike aerolysin, the hybrid was not secreted whe ... | 1999 | 10048023 |
| clostridium septicum bacteremia in the pediatric population. | | 2000 | 11079000 |
| [development of a cytotoxin inhibition test for the detection of serum antibodies against the alpha-toxin of clostridium septicum] | clostridium (c.) septicum, a spore-forming bacterium of the soil, is the classical causative agent of the malignant oedema, a fatal infection. as immunogenic compound, vaccines contain the toxoidized form of the soluble alpha-toxin, a lethal exoprotein. a cytotoxin inhibition test based upon cell culture for the detection of toxin neutralizing antibodies was developed as an alternative to the neutralisation test in mice, which has to be done as measure of quality control according to dab 10. ser ... | 1998 | 11178543 |
| [gas gangrene in clostridium septicum sepsis]. | | 2000 | 11092176 |
| clostridium septicum: a malign pathogen. | | 2000 | 11120626 |
| fulminant clostridium septicum infection of hepatic metastases presenting as pneumoperitoneum. | | 2000 | 10749230 |
| [paraneoplastic clostridium septicum bacteremia]. | | 2001 | 11333609 |
| spontaneous bifocal clostridium septicum gas gangrene. | | 2001 | 11380147 |
| clostridium perfringens beta toxin and clostridium septicum alpha toxin: their mechanisms and possible role in pathogenesis. | the clostridium septicum alpha toxin and the clostridium perfringens beta toxin are examples of pore-forming toxins that exhibit several different features. the cell types that are targeted by these toxins reflect the effect these toxins have on the host during infection with either organism. alpha toxin elicits a rapid shock-like syndrome, whereas beta toxin appears to induce a variety of neurological effects. the effects of the purified toxins appear to mimic some of the features of the animal ... | 2001 | 11423190 |
| clostridium bacteremia: emphasis on the poor prognosis in cirrhotic patients. | bacteremic episodes caused by anaerobes are unusual and the clinical importance of clostridium bacteremia remains unclear. this retrospective case study examined the risk factors among a group of patients who developed clostridium bacteremia. medical records from 73 episodes of clostridial bacteremia in 73 patients treated in a medical center during an 11-year period were reviewed. of all episodes, 96% were community-acquired. twelve percent of patients had polymicrobial bacteremia, with escheri ... | 2001 | 11456356 |
| the role of clostridium septicum in paraneoplastic sepsis. | clostridium septicum infections are rare but often associated with serious if not fatal outcomes. clostridium septicum infection does not appear to be associated with a single specific defect in cellular or humoral immunity. it has been associated with multiple medical problems, including but not limited to leukemia, malignancy of the bowel, other solid tumors, cyclic neutropenia with enterocolitis, diabetes mellitus, and severe arteriosclerosis. most cases of c septicum are associated with mali ... | 2000 | 10705386 |
| tetracycline-resistance genes of clostridium perfringens, clostridium septicum and clostridium sordellii isolated from cattle affected with malignant edema. | the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of 10 antimicrobial agents against a total of 33 isolates of clostridium perfringens, clostridium septicum and clostridium sordellii from cattle affected with malignant edema in japan was determined. the low mic activities of benzylpenicillin confirm the place of benzylpenicillin as the antibiotics of choice for treatment of malignant edema. five (22%) of 23 c. septicum strains, five (71%) of seven c. perfringens strains and all strains of c. sordelli ... | 2001 | 11524166 |
| clostridium septicum infection of the aorta. | | 2001 | 11529239 |
| differences in the pathogenicity of various bacterial isolates used in an induction model for gangrenous dermatitis in broiler chickens. | a gangrenous dermatitis model was developed in broiler chickens, in which birds previously vaccinated at 14 days of age with a bursal disease virus vaccine were challenged at 4 wk of age with various bacterial combinations with the combination of subcutaneous and intramuscular injection. gangrenous dermatitis lesions were not produced in birds injected with one of the staphylococcus aureus isolates, either alone or in combination with various clostridium septicum isolates. other s. aureus isolat ... | 2001 | 11569740 |
| sudden death of a bearded vulture (gypaetus barbatus) possibly caused by newcastle disease virus. | an adult female bearded vulture (gypaetus barbatus) in the tel aviv university research zoo was found dead without previous clinical signs. the predominant pathologic changes were considerable bloody content in the intestines and enlargement of the liver, which had a rubbery consistency with color changes. microscopic lesions consisted of multifocal histiocytic infiltration in the liver. newcastle disease virus (ndv) was isolated from a cloacal swab and from the lungs and liver. intracerebral pa ... | 2001 | 11569753 |
| clostridial mycotic aneurysm of the thoracoabdominal aorta--a case report. | clostridial infection of the aorta is a rare and life-threatening condition. the management of a mycotic aneurysm involving the thoracoabdominal aorta due to clostridium septicum infection is presented. successful surgical management of the aortic infection involved arterial resection, wide debridement of the surrounding tissues, and in situ graft replacement. sixteen additional cases of clostridial infection of the aortoiliac segment reported in the literature are also summarized. in ten of the ... | 2001 | 11586456 |
| [clostridium septicum infection and cancer]. | unusual infections may occasionally be the first sign of cancer. | 2001 | 11603046 |
| amplification of the 16s-23s rdna spacer region for rapid detection of clostridium chauvoei and clostridium septicum. | amplification of the 16s-23s rdna spacer region by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used for the rapid detection of clostridium chauvoei and c septicum. to assess its specificity, pcr was performed with total dna from 42 strains of clostridia and three strains of other genera. pcr products specific to c chauvoei or to c septicum were generated from homologous cultures only. clostridium chauvoer-specific or c septicum-specific amplicons were also generated from tissues of cows experimentally i ... | 2001 | 11798300 |
| protective effect of clostridium septicum alpha-toxoid vaccine against challenge with spores in guinea pigs. | the protective effect of an alpha-toxoid vaccine of clostridium septicum purified alpha-toxin was investigated in guinea pigs. purified alpha-toxin was treated with formalin to make toxoid, and alpha-toxoid vaccine was prepared by mixing alpha-toxoid (4 to 64 microg/dose) with an aluminum phosphate gel as adjuvant. guinea pigs were immunized twice with different doses of alpha-toxoid vaccine, and challenged with spores of c. septicum. the guinea pigs surviving after challenge had been immunized ... | 2002 | 11853149 |
| phylogenetic analysis and pcr detection of clostridium chauvoei, clostridium haemolyticum, clostridium novyi types a and b, and clostridium septicum based on the flagellin gene. | the flagellin genes (flic) of clostridium chauvoei, clostridium haemolyticum, clostridium novyi types a and b, and clostridium septicum were analysed by pcr amplification and dna sequencing. the five clostridium species have at least two copies of the flagellin gene (flic) arranged in tandem on the chromosome. the deduced n- and c-terminal aminoacid sequences of the flagellin proteins (flics) of these clostridia are well conserved but their central region aminoacid sequences are not. phylogenic ... | 2002 | 11900959 |
| images in cardiovascular medicine. fulminant clostridium septicum aortitis. | | 2002 | 11956133 |
| portal-venous gas unrelated to mesenteric ischemia. | the aim of this study was to report on 8 patients with all different non-ischemic etiologies for portal-venous gas and to discuss this rare entity and its potentially misleading ct findings in context with a review of the literature. the ct examinations of eight patients who presented with intrahepatic portal-venous gas, unrelated to bowel ischemia or infarction, were reviewed and compared with their medical records with special emphasis on the pathogenesis and clinical impact of portal-venous g ... | 2002 | 12042950 |
| malignant oedema associated with blood-sampling in sheep. | malignant oedema is a fatal disease of several animal species, produced by one or more members of the clostridium genus. we report here a case of malignant oedema in a 1-year-old friesian sheep after a blood sample was collected from the jugular vein. clostridium septicum and clostridium sordellii were isolated from the lesions and also demonstrated by a fluorescent antibody test. this report stresses the need for maintaining a clean environment for animals and for strict hygienic measures durin ... | 2002 | 12074307 |
| clostridium septicum alpha-toxin is active against the parasitic protozoan toxoplasma gondii and targets members of the sag family of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored surface proteins. | as is the case with many other protozoan parasites, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi)-anchored proteins dominate the surface of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. the mechanisms by which t. gondii gpi-anchored proteins are synthesized and transported through the unusual triple-membrane structure of the parasite pellicle to the plasma membrane remain largely unknown. as a first step in developing tools to study these processes, we show here that clostridium septicum alpha-toxin, a pore-forming toxin ... | 2002 | 12117945 |
| clostridium septicum mycotic aortic aneurysm. | | 2002 | 12135720 |
| clostridium septicum and malignancy. | clostridium septicum is known to be associated with malignancy or immunosuppression. it has a variable clinical presentation and is associated with a high mortality. the aim of the present study was to review the experience at st george hospital, sydney, over a 10-year period, with particular reference to the association of this condition with colorectal cancer. | 2001 | 11736823 |
| requirement of n-glycan on gpi-anchored proteins for efficient binding of aerolysin but not clostridium septicum alpha-toxin. | aerolysin of the gram-negative bacterium aeromonas hydrophila consists of small (sl) and large (ll) lobes. the alpha-toxin of gram-positive clostridium septicum has a single lobe homologous to ll. these toxins bind to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi)-anchored proteins and generate pores in the cell's plasma membrane. we isolated cho cells resistant to aerolysin, with the aim of obtaining gpi biosynthesis mutants. one mutant unexpectedly expressed gpi-anchored proteins, but nevertheless bound a ... | 2002 | 12356721 |
| clostridium septicum infection associated with perforation of colon diverticulum. | non-traumatic or spontaneous gas gangrene by clostridium septicum is a rare infection in humans, characterised by extensive destruction of muscle tissue, a mortality rate of 100% if left untreated (1), and often associated with haematological or colorectal diseases. an associated malignancy was found in 80% of patients with clostridium septicum infection: 34% had a colorectal carcinoma and 40% had a haematological malignancy (2); the infection usually lies in an often-ulcerated intestinal lesion ... | 2002 | 12432593 |
| subcutaneous emphysema at the site of central line placement due to the haematogenous spread of clostridium septicum. | | 2003 | 12622503 |
| clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin rapidly decreases membrane barrier permeability of polarized mdck cells. | epsilon toxin is produced by clostridium perfringens types b and d which are responsible for fatal intestinal diseases in animals. the main biological activity of epsilon toxin is the production of oedema in various organs. we have previously found that epsilon toxin forms a large membrane complex in mdck cells which is not internalized into cell, and induces cell volume enlargement and loss of cell viability (petit, l., gibert, m., gillet, d., laurent-winter, c., boquet, p., popoff, m. r. (1997 ... | 2003 | 12614459 |
| atraumatic clostridial myonecrosis: case report and literature review. | clostridial myonecrosis (cm) is a rare, life-threatening infection that is most often associated with recent surgery or skeletal muscle trauma. it usually affects patients with some degree of underlying immunocompromise or vascular insufficiency. occasionally, cm can occur at remote sites, with seeding from a gastrointestinal source in the setting of malignancy. we report a case of a 75-year-old man who developed rapidly progressive myonecrosis in the right shoulder, without prior trauma, caused ... | 2003 | 12745042 |
| molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of novel hemolytic lectins from the mushroom laetiporus sulphureus, which show homology to bacterial toxins. | we describe herein the cdna cloning, expression, and characterization of a hemolytic lectin and its related species from the parasitic mushroom laetiporus sulphureus. the lectin designated lsl (l. sulphureus lectin), is a tetramer composed of subunits of approximately 35 kda associated by non-covalent bonds. from a cdna library, three similar full-length cdnas, termed lsla, lslb, and lslc, were generated, each of which had an open reading frame of 945 bp encoding 315 amino acid residues. these p ... | 2003 | 12900403 |
| antigenic formulae for clostridium septicum and clostridium chauvoei. | | 1959 | 13642182 |
| [study of immunological phenomena by means of tissue culture. v. cytopathogenic effects of clostridium septicum toxin]. | | 1959 | 13658454 |
| the safe and effective use of allograft tissue--an update. | the use of allograft tissue in orthopaedic surgery has increased tremendously over the last several years. tissue availability, reduced surgical times, and lack of donor site morbidity are attractive characteristics to surgeons and patients alike. although complications, such as disease transmission, are relatively uncommon when using allograft tissue, they do occur. this article will review the literature concerning the safe and effective use of allograft tissue, as well as present four case re ... | 2003 | 12975205 |
| effect of sub-lethal body x-radiation on susceptibility of mice to clostridium septicum toxin. | | 1952 | 12983374 |
| pcr detection of clostridium chauvoei in pure cultures and in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify specific segments of the 16s ribosomal rna gene of clostridium chauvoei, a major pathogen of ruminants. three sets of primers were used to produce amplicons of 159, 836 and 959 base pairs (bp), respectively. the pcr was evaluated by testing clinically important strains of clostridium, including 21 strains of c. chauvoei, five strains each of clostridium septicum and clostridium perfringens and two strains each of clostridium novyi, clostrid ... | 2003 | 12458172 |
| [fulminant spontaneous clostridium septicum gas gangrene]. | clostridium septicum gas gangrene is a rare fulminant infectious disease for which signs and symptoms like extreme pain, subcutaneous crepitus and violaceous necrotic bullae must be recognised. early diagnosis followed by large surgical debridement are the only ways to ameliorate the bad prognosis. here we describe a case of cervico-thoracic spontaneous gas gangrene. | 2003 | 12943837 |
| [antigens common to the toxins of clostridium septicum and histolyticum]. | | 1953 | 13033375 |
| [studies on the properties of clostridium histolyticum and clostridium septicum antisera]. | | 1953 | 13124941 |
| sensitivity of polarized epithelial cells to the pore-forming toxin aerolysin. | aerolysin is one of the major virulence factors produced by aeromonas hydrophila, a human pathogen that produces deep wound infection and gastroenteritis. the toxin interacts with target mammalian cells by binding to the glycan core of glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (gpi)-anchored proteins and subsequently forms a pore in the plasma membrane. since epithelial cells of the intestine are the primary targets of aerolysin, we investigated its effect on three types of polarized epithelial cells: caco- ... | 2003 | 12540553 |
| emphysematous gastritis associated with clostridium septicum in a horse. | | 2003 | 12564737 |
| mixed bacterial infections in relation to antibiotic activities. i. clostridium septicum-micrococcus infections. | | 1954 | 13201758 |
| toxin synthesis and mucin breakdown are related to swarming phenomenon in clostridium septicum. | clostridium septicum is responsible for several diseases in humans and animals. the bacterium is capable of a simple kind of multicellular behavior known as swarming. in this investigation, environmental and physiologic factors affecting growth and swarm cell formation in c. septicum were studied over a range of dilution rates (d = 0.02 to 0.65 h(-1)) in glucose-limited, glucose-excess, and mucin-limited chemostats. cellular differentiation was observed at low specific growth rates, irrespective ... | 2001 | 11160009 |
| rapid detection and identification of clostridium chauvoei by pcr based on flagellin gene sequence. | we developed a one-step polymerase chain reaction (pcr) system that specifically detects clostridium chauvoei. oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify a 516-bp fragment of the structural flagellin gene. the specificity of the pcr was investigated by analyzing 59 strains of clostridia, and seven strain of other genera. a 516-bp fragment could be amplified from all the c. chauvoei strains tested, and no amplification was observed by using dnas from the other strains tested, including clos ... | 2001 | 11182502 |
| spontaneous bifocal clostridium septicum gas gangrene. | clostridium septicum gas gangrene (myonecrosis) is an acutely painful and rapidly fatal infection occurring in the absence of trauma. urgent surgery is essential both to control pain and to ensure survival. most patients who develop this infection have an underlying malignancy and clinicians should be aware of this association. we present a case of bifocal myonecrosis which to our knowledge has not been reported previously. | 2001 | 11245518 |
| [bovine enzootic fulminating necrotic hepatitis due to association of welchia perfingens and clostridium septicum]. | | 1956 | 13317177 |
| [chick embryo as an object for the determination of vibrio septicus virulence]. | | 1959 | 13636345 |
| [anatoxin from vibrio septicus and its antigenic and immunogenic properties]. | | 1958 | 13570447 |
| complexity of toxins from clostridium septicum and clostridium chauvoei. | | 1958 | 13598715 |
| [acetone purification of vibrio septicus anatoxin]. | | 1959 | 13636339 |
| [adsorption and elution of an active protein in vibrio septicus anatoxin]. | | 1959 | 13671024 |
| [symptomatic anthrax of the face due to vibrio septicus]. | | 1954 | 13145545 |
| [new researches on the evaluation of the anti-histolyticum and anti-septicum activity of different sera]. | | 1954 | 13158926 |
| sucrose-fermenting strains of clostridium septicum. | | 1963 | 14076707 |
| [on liver lipids in guinea pigs. 3. the total lipid, neutral fat, phosphatide, cholesterol, fat-free dry substance and water content of the liver in clostridium septicum-infected guinea pigs]. | | 1963 | 14107836 |
| [a triggering factor in clostridium septicum gas gangrene]. | | 1964 | 14137371 |
| clostridium septicum aortitis in a patient with colon carcinoma. | | 2003 | 14513404 |