Publications

determination of the inhibitory effect of several compounds on neuraminidases from virus influenza, v. cholerae and cl. perfringens.		1978	204527
[prevalence of clostridium perfringen (welchii) in the bovine udder].		1976	204967
observations on toxin and hemagglutinin produced by clostridium botulinum type c.	in the culture fluid of a hemagglutinin-positive strain of clostridium botulinum type c, two toxins of different molecular size, hemagglutinin positive and negative, were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation.	1978	205174
exchange of tritium from randomly tritiated taurocholate by microbial bile salt oxidoreductases.	tritium distribution on randomly labelled taurocholate (tc) was estimated at 28%, 4%, 1% and less than 0.5% on the hydrogens opposite the 3alpha-, 7alpha- and 12alpha-oh groups and taurine moiety respectively. anomalously, c. perfringens 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alpha-hsdh) catalyzed tritium loss of 36% on formation of 7alpha-, 12alpha-dihydroxy-3-keto-5beta-cholanoate, implying additional losses of tritium at other sites by this enzyme.	1978	205428
free-sporing cl. welchii in ordinary laboratory media and conditions.	a strain of clostridium welchii produced spores in ordinary blood agar plates. investigations confirmed that it was the character of this particular strain and that the laboratory media were not inducing sporulation. during a period of 12 months a total of 100 strains of cl. welchii were studied. none of them produced spores in ordinary laboratory media and conditions when examined microscopically.	1978	205556
[cholecystitis caused by clostridium perfringens, a rare cause of pneumoperitoneum].		1978	205737
effect of freezing on incidence and levels of clostridium perfringens in mechanically deboned chicken meat.	paucity of information about the effect of plant practices on microbiological condition of comminuted chicken meat prompted this investigation. commercially deboned chicken backs and necks were analyzed for levels of aerobic organisms, incidence and levels of clostridium perfringens vegetative cells and spores before and after 4-6 weeks at -23 degrees c. initially vegetative cells were isolated more frequently than spores. frozen storage significantly reduced incidence and levels of vegetative c ...	1977	205848
new modification of willis and hobbs' method for identification of clostridium perfringens.	a modification of the medium of willis and hobbs is described. all strains of clostridium perfringens grown on it gave a positive lecithinase reaction. some gave a negative reaction in the origin medium.	1978	206205
[occurrence and routine detection of clostridium perfringens in the horse].		1978	206257
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-d-galactosidases of clostridium perfringens. separation and characterization of an exoglycosidase and an oligosaccharidase.	two distinct 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-d-galactosidases have been separated from filtrates of cultured clostridium perfringens by electrophoresis in 6.5% poly(acrylamide) gels. one of the enzymes had a mobility of 0.32--0.36 (relative to bromophenol blue) and was identified as the exoglycosidase, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-d-galactosidase. it appears to be the same enzyme as that reported in 1972 by mcguire et al. the second of the two enzymes, having a relative mobility of 0.42--0.46, correspond ...	1978	206361
bacteriocin typing of clostridium perfringens in human feces.	three hundred and ninety-nine isolates of clostridium perfringens from enriched stool specimens of 51 individuals (about eight colonies per person) were typed by bacteriocins. forty-nine percent of these persons carried more than one bacteriocin type in their stool, and some had three or four different stains as determined by bacteriocin typing. weekly stool specimens obtained from seven positive volunteers over a period of 5 weeks were screened for c. perfringens, and several colonies from each ...	1978	206573
[use of a gangrene antiserum in the surgical treatment of acute paraproctitis].		1978	206758
[toxigenic types of clostridium perfringens in feed].		1978	207013
[use of the reversed passive hemagglutination in detection of clostridium botulinum type a, b, and e toxin (author's transl)].	with the reversed passive hemagglutination technique it is possible to detect minimal amounts of botulinum type a, b and e toxins (s. tab. 3). the antisera are used were prepared by foot--pad injection of rabbits with purified toxoids in freund's complete adjuvant (s. tab. 1). antitoxin globulin were prepared from rabbit antisera with (nh4)2so4 to 50%. formalinized and tanned human erythrozytes were sensitized with these specific antitoxin globulins. only slight cross reactions ere encountered b ...	1978	207051
role of exogenous phospholipases in triggering platelet aggregation.		1978	207175
efficacy of laboratory tests for the detection of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens.	nineteen clostridium perfringens strains with positive erythemal and ligated intestinal loop reactions, and 22 strains with negative reactions, originating from food-poisoning cases, were tested comparatively using the fluorescent antibody (fa), reversed passive hemagglutination (rpha), and immunodiffusion (id) tests. all the biologically positive strains were detected by the three immunological tests used. the fa test detected five additional strains among the biologically negative group which ...	1978	207403
bacteriological study of clostridium perfringens from diarroeal cases and controls.		1977	207643
synthesis and quantitative structure-activity relationships of antibacterial 1-(substituted benzhydryl)-4-(5-nitro-2-furfurylideneamino) piperazines.	1-benzhydryl -4- (5-nitro-2-furfurylideneamino) piperazine and 11 substituted analogs were prepared and examined for in vitro antimicrobial activity. the compounds were active against bacillus cereus 7, bacillus megaterium 122, bacillus subtilis 104, clostridium perfringens 13, and the tetracycline-resistant clostridium perfringens 37. regression analyses on the antibacterial activity data based on the hansch approach, using pi, pi2, and sigma parameters, yielded several statistically significan ...	1978	207855
post-menopausal vaginitis.	the organisms cultured from the vaginal swabs of 383 women over 50 years old with vaginal discharge were compared with those from 148 normal women of similar age attending a cytology clinic. the only significant difference was that yeasts were found in 20% and 6% of the two groups of women, respectively. it is therefore concluded that in post-menopausal women with vaginal discharge, the main microbiological requirement is for the diagnosis and treatment of yeast infection.	1978	207869
identification of 7alpha-, 12alpha-dihydroxy-3-oxo cholanoic acid as the major degradation product from cholic by c. perfringens.		1978	207931
[distribution of cl. perfringens in preserved food and the lecithinase activity of isolated strains].	this is a study of 414 different foodstuff types for cl. perfringens presence determination. of the meat products are with the highest contamination - 32 per cent, next ranking seasoning spices ond condiments, and auxiliary materials - 10.9 per cent. in milk, dairy and confectionary products it is isolated in 3.8 per cent of samples, while in tinned foodstuffs - in 1.8 per cent. lecithinase production of the isolated strains in kitt-tarozi bouillon, following 18-20 hour-long cultivation at 37 de ...	1977	208065
[thymidine phosphorylation with the participation of rat thymic and hepatic thymidine kinase in the presence of a factor from cl. perfringens (welchii)].	factor cpw, isolated from cl. perfringens/welchii was shown to activate latent thymidine kinase (factor n) from liver tissue of rats beginning from 42 days age. cpw factor activated 3.5-fold also thymidine kinase from rat strumous gland; the enzyme was observed during involution of the tissue. the data suggest that increase in thymidine kinase activity in proliferating tissues is related to activation of latent enzymes.	1978	208287
[protoplast fragmentation as one of the possible mechanisms of l-transformation of bacteria (clostridium perfringens)].	as revealed, the action of lysozyme on the cells of clostridium perfringens bp-6k led to the formation of not only typical spheroplasts, but also of cells whose peripheral parts of the cytoplasm were fragmented by membrane component. small bodies framed by the membrane proper and containing granular and fibrillar components were formed. they were polymorphic in osmium treatment, and had smooth contours in preliminary use of aldehyde fixation. in the latter case a dense lumpy material analogous t ...	1978	208329
[homogeneous cl. perfringens alpha-anatoxin: its physicochemical and immunogenic properties].	the authors present a method of obtaining relatively homogeneous preparations of alpha-toxoid of cl. perfringens, type a, including the primary conception of the alpha-toxin proteins, their chromatography on deae-cellulose, fractionation with (nh4)2so4, detoxication, with the subsequent gel-filtration through sephadex and isoelectric focussing. sedimentation coefficient of the preparation proved to be 3.8 s, isoelectric point-4.83 +/- 0.07. in studying the immunogenic properties of alpha-toxoid ...	1978	208330
equine grass sickness: serologic evidence of association with clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin.	clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin seroneutralization was carried out on sera from 50 horses recovered from grass sickness and from 100 other horses with no record of having had the disease. of the affected horses, 70% had seroneutralizating titers higher than 1:64, half of these being equal or higher than 1:128. more than 88% of the horses with no record of grass sickness had titers lower than 1:64. these data support the theory of association between c perfringens type a toxins and gra ...	1978	208433
isolation and characterization of multiply antibiotic-resistant clostridum perfringens strains from porcine feces.	multiply antibiotic-resistant strains of clostridium perfringens were isolated from porcine feces. strains that were resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, and lincomycin were isolated, but no penicillin- or chloramphenicol-resistant strains were obtained. typical minimal inhibitory concentrations for resistant strains were 16 to 64 mug of tetracycline per ml, 64 to >128 mug of erythromycin per ml, >/=128 mug of lincomycin per ml, and 16 to 128 mug of clindamycin per ml. resistanc ...	1978	208463
depression of amino acid transport in cultured rat hepatocytes by purified enterotoxin from clostridium perfringens.		1978	208560
growth retardation and prevention of ehrlich solid tumor by clostridium perfringens type a spores and culture supernatant.	when given by direct s.c. injection into the ehrlich solid carcinoma 1 week after s.c. tumor transfer, viable crude spores of clostridium perfringens type a (attenuated mutant strain lng11 atcc 29348) inhibited tumor growth and significantly prolonged the life span of male outbred swiss mice. under these conditions a concentrated sterile supernatant of a c. perfringens culture proved to be slightly more effective than were viable crude spores. in contrast viable crude spores were ineffective in ...	1978	208766
effect of zinc and calcium ions on the production of alpha-toxin and proteases by clostridium perfringens.	clostridium perfringens produced at least three distinct proteases in a synthetic medium containing calcium. two of them, thiol and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt-sensitive proteases, appeared at an early stage of growth, but the other one, perhaps being identical to the one produced in a calcium-deficient medium, appeared at a late stage. the production of these proteases depended on ca2+ but not on zn2+ in the medium. alpha-toxin, perhaps being a zinc-containing metalloenzyme, w ...	1978	208976
incidence of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens in healthy humans in relation to the enhancement of enterotoxin production by heat treatment.		1978	209009
[acute necrotizing or gangrenous enteritis or hamburg disease].		1978	209370
[in vitro activity of ornidazole against anaerobic organisms. differences seen in certain strains in relation to the partial pressure of oxygen. (author's transl)].		1978	209402
monensin, eimeria tenella infection, and effects on the bacterial populations in the ceca of gnotobiotic chickens.	bacteria-free chicks in separate plastic film isolators were inoculated orally with single species of bacteria. within an isolator, half the birds were fed unmedicated feed and half received feed containing 100 ppm monensin. with clostridium perfringens as the established species of monoflora, bacterial counts from the duodenum were 10(4) times lower and counts from the ceca were three times lower in monensin-fed birds compared to unmedicated birds. infection with eimeria tenella stimulated an e ...	1978	209434
[separation and purification of isoenzymes of clostridium perfringens phospholipase c].	the procedure for separation and purification of isoenzymes of phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens (plc) was developed. the procedure included primary concentration of culture liquid proteins and isoenzyme separtion on deae-cellulose during negative sorption of the major isoenzyme. further purification of the isoenzymes was achieved by (nh4)2so4 fractionation by sephadex gel-filtration and isoelectric focusing. during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and precipitation reaction in the ...	1978	209439
the clinical importance of anaerobic bacteria in wound infections after gastrointestinal surgery.	wound cultures from 54 patients with infections after gastrointestinal surgery were examined. cultures from wounds after surgery on the upper gastrointestinal tract grew few organisms, mainly aerobic gram-positive cocci. culture from wounds on the lower gastrointestinal tract grew strains of bacteria, aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative rods dominating. indirect immunofluorescence studies on acute and convalescent phase sera showed significant immune response against bacteroides fragilis in a ma ...	1978	209532
[clostridium perfringens food poisoning].		1977	209737
refractoriness of rabbit towards clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin.		1978	210117
method for maintaining viability of clostridium perfringens in foods during shipment and storage: collaborative study.	a collaborative study was conducted in 12 laboratories to determine the effectiveness of a new method for maintaining vegetative cells of clostridium perfringens in viable condition during storage and transport of food specimens to the laboratory. the collaborative results showed that treatment of brown gravy and roast beef samples with an equal amount by weight of sterile buffered glycerol-sodium chloride solution to give a final 10% glycerol concentration and storage with dry ice for 10 days a ...	1978	210152
comparison of five regimens for treatment of experimental clindamycin-associated colitis.	the hamster model of clindamycin-induced enterocolitis was studied to determine the natural course of the disease and the response to five therapeutic regimens. tissue culture assays of stools from untreated animals showed that colitis toxin is present at low titers within 24--36 hr after challenge with clindamycin; titers of toxin in subsequent specimens of stool increased progressively until the animals died on days 2--4 after challenge. therapeutic regimens tested in this model were initiated ...	1978	210236
neuraminidase production by clostridia.	the production of neuraminidase (ec 3.2.1.18) by a range of clostridial species was investigated with techniques previously developed to distinguish neuraminidase-negative and neuraminidase-positive strains of clostridium perfringens (welchii). large amounts of extracellular neuraminidase were produced by representative strains of c. perfringens and c. septicum in the test media. under similar conditions, two strains each of c. chauvoei and c. tertium were found to produce small amounts of the e ...	1978	210277
the use of an immunoperoxidase technique to investigate by light and electron microscopy the sites of binding of clostridium welchii type-d epsilon toxin in mice.	mice were given an intravenous dose of formalinised c. welchii type-d epsilon prototoxin and an immunoperoxidase technique was used to demonstrate this antigen in the tissues. the antigen was found to bind to the luminal surface of the endothelial lining of certain blood vessels, to the luminal surface of the cells lining the loops of henlé and distal convoluted tubules in the kidney, and to the hepatic sinusoids. as it has been shown previously that formalinised epsilon prototoxin and epsilon t ...	1978	210278
in-vitro effects of clostridium welchii type-d epsilon toxin on guinea-pig, mouse, rabbit and sheep cells.	epsilon toxin, at relatively low concentrations, killed guinea-pig peritoneal macrophages in vitro. the cells became swollen, the nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes "blistered" and discontinuous, and the cytoplasm appeared structureless. formalinised epsilon prototoxin was shown to bind closely to the outer surface of the cells and it is concluded that this site represents the location of the receptors for epsilon toxin. in addition the toxin at higher concentrations killed rabbit peritoneal macr ...	1978	210279
aggregation of platelets induced by alpha-toxin (phospholipase c) of clostridium perfringens administered topically and intravenously [proceedings].		1978	210307
mode of lethal activity of clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin [proceedings].		1978	210308
aggregation of platelets in the mesenteric microcirculation of the rat induced by alpha-toxin (phospholipase c) of clostridium perfringens.		1978	210536
[gazeous gangrene of the gallbladder induced by a clostridium perfringens infection (author's transl)].		1978	210611
enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens type a isolated from intestinal contents of cattle, sheep and chickens.	one hundred and fourteen strains of clostridium perfringens, isolated from the intestinal contents of cattle, sheep, and chickens with enteritis or other disease conditions were studied for their ability to produce enterotoxin. reversed passive hemagglutination, fluorescent antibody and immunodiffusion tests were used. on the basis of the reversed passive hemagglutination titres, supported by the other two tests, enterotoxigenicity of the strains was arbitrarily classified into two categories: h ...	1978	210914
some properties of beta-toxin produced by clostridium perfringens type c.	purified beta-toxin from clostridium perfringens type c was found to be a single polypeptide chain protein with a molecular weight of approximately 30,000. the toxin was heat labile, with 75% of its activity being inactivated by incubation at 50 degrees c for 5 min. biological activity of the purified toxin was completely destroyed on exposure to trypsin for 30 min at 37 degrees c. the 50% lethal dose for mice was 1.87 microgram of purified toxin.	1978	211090
enterotoxemia in two foals.	two quarter horse foals from different premises died from enterotoxemia. clostridium perfringens toxins alpha and beta were demonstrated in the foal's intestines by mouse protection tests. clostridium perfringens type c was isolated from the intestines of each foal. histologic examination revealed hemorrhage, necrosis, and massive numbers of c perfringens.	1978	211108
hydrolytic action of phospholipases on sealed ghosts of mammalian erythrocytes.		1978	211122
detection of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in human fecal samples and anti-enterotoxin in sera.	by using counterimmunoelectrophoresis (ciep), clostridium perfringens enterotoxin was successfully demonstrated in fecal samples collected within 1 day of attack from sick individuals involved in a bacteriologically and epidemiologically proven outbreak of c. perfringens food poisoning. in contrast, enterotoxin was not demonstrable in fecal samples of apparently healthy individuals both at high- and low-risk exposure to the organism and enterotoxin or in fecal samples collected 4 to 5 days after ...	1978	211142
synthesis and biological activity of new 2-nitroimidazole derivatives.	in an earlier paper we described the synthesis and the antitrichomonas activity of 2-nitro-alpha,alpha,1-trimethyl-1h-imidazole-5-methanol (2). starting from this compound, several derivatives have been synthesized. among these, the phenyl carbonate 8 has been shown to possess activity equal to that of 2 and to be less toxic. this compound therefore is interesting in comparison with some antitrichomonas agents currently in use clinically. before undertaking an in-depth investigation, compound 8 ...	1978	211235
[infections by anaerobic bacteria].		1977	211568
clostridial myositis in marine mammals.		1978	211698
haemorrhagic gastroenteritis in the dog associated with clostridium welchii.	two cases of peracute haemorrhagic enteritis in the dog are reported. gram-positive bacilli, which were shown in one case to be clostridium welchii were found adhering to the necrotic epithelial surfaces in parts of the gastrointestinal tract in both cases. large numbers of c welchii were recovered from the intestines of both dogs.	1978	211699
[change in natural immunity under the effect of cysteine].		1978	211758
mathematics of the inverse solid-phase radioimmunoassay.	use of a simplified, idealized model allows a mathematical treatment of the inverse solid phase radioimmunoassay. equations are presented for calculation of the following values: bound/free antibody ratio (r) in the state of equilibrium; the equilibrium constant (k), the concentrations of the directly non-measurable values (abf; abfag: abs and ag) as well as the concentration of the antibody tested [abf]0. the model has the same parameters as the test system, thus the equations may be used in pl ...	1978	211806
km values of influenza virus neuraminidases for a new fluorogenic substrate, 4-methylumbelliferone n-acetyl neuraminic acid ketoside.		1978	211875
system for evaluating clostridial inhibition in cured meat products.	a method for evaluating inhibition of clostridium botulinum, c. sporogenes, and c. perfringens in cured meat products was developed. this system can easily be used in the microbiology laboratory using aluminum ointment tubes as the product container. swells caused by gas production by the organism are easily observed by using the aluminum tubes. results obtained confirmed earlier work on the inhibitory effect of sodium nitrite and sorbic acid against the clostridia in cured meat products.	1978	211934
foodborne hazards of microbial origin.	foods can serve as vehicles of many pathogenic and toxigenic agents of disease. bacterial agents comprise three groups: 1) those that grow in the food and produce an active toxin before consumption (e.g., clostridium botulinium); 2) those that merely exist as contaminants in the food but are able to initiate infection when swallowed (e.g., salmonella spp.); and 3) those that multiply and produce large numbers of vegetative cells in the food, then release an active enterotoxin when they sporulate ...	1978	212326
synergistic lysis of erythrocytes by propionibacterium acnes.	sheep and human erythrocytes, partially processed by staphylococcus aureus or clostridium perfringens, were susceptible to lysis in the presence of propionibacterium acnes. p. acnes liberated a lipase that was detected on tween 80 agar and also on phospholipase c-precipitated egg yolk agar. such a lipase might have contributed in the process of an intensified cellular lysis. similar reactions were attempted with lactobacillus acidophilus, known to possess a nondiffusible lipase, and failed to pr ...	1978	212450
acute emphysematous cholecystitis due to clostridium perfringens.		1978	212959
new medium for rapid screening and enumeration of clostridium perfringens in foods.	a rapid and sensitive procedure for estimating low numbers of clostridium perfringens has been investigated and compared to methods used currently in the food industry. the new liquid medium, rpm (rapid perfringens medium), was compared with sulfite-polymyxin-sulfadiazine agar and tryptose-sulfite-cycloserine agar in recovery studies with naturally contaminated and with inoculated foods. the medium consists of a mixture of litmus milk and fluid thioglycolate medium fortified with glucose, pepton ...	1978	213019
the use of phospholipase c to detect structural changes in the membranes of human erythrocytes aged by storage.		1978	213113
incomplete anaerobiosis as a cause of metronidazole 'resistance'.	clostridium welchii, used as a control, was found to grow well in a microaerophilic jar used for campylobacters but appeared resistant to a metronidazole disc although the campylobacter was sensitive. minimum inhibitory concentrations for six strains of cl. welchii were up to 64-fold higher in these conditions than when grown anaerobically. zones of inhibition with both cl. welchii and bacteroides fragilis varied with the amount of air admitted to anaerobic jars.	1978	213449
the effects of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin on rat and rabbit ileum: an electron microscopic study.	intestinal epithelial damage caused by clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in rats and rabbits was identified by light microscopy and compared at the surface (scanning electron microscopy), and the ultrastructural (transmission electron microscopy) levels. under the light microscope damage to the epithelial layer of villus tips was clearly evident in cross-sections. whole tissue viewed under the scanning electron microscope showed comparable tip localization of morpholigic damage in the form of ...	1978	213651
observations on the effect of different methods of processing on the bacterial contaminants of bovine and ovine tripe.	a comparison was made of the multiplication of bacteria in specimens of tripe processed in different ways. there was little difference in this respect between commercial tripe as offered for purchase to the consumer and rough and scraped tripe incubated at 30 degrees c for 24 h. tripe stored at 4 degrees c or in acetic acid (ph 4) at 30 degrees c for 24 h, however, had appreciably fewer bacteria.	1978	213753
[a simple device for cultivation of anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)].	a new concept for isolation and enumeration of anaerobic bacteria in food is presented. the sample is collected and diluted under anaerobic conditions in a specially designed syringe (m.o.s.), in which cultivation also takes place. a comparison between this method and cultivation in anaerobic jars (gaspak) from a common inoculum revealed a higher number of clostridium perfringens with the m.o.s.-technique.	1978	213768
[gas gangrene (author's transl)].		1978	213772
phosphatidic and lysophosphatidic acid production in phospholipase c-and thrombin-treated platelets. possible involvement of a platelet lipase.	incubation of 32p-labelled platelets with clostridium welchii phospholipase c greatly stimulates 32p-incorporation into phosphatidic and lysophosphatidic acids. a net synthesis is demonstrated for both phospholipids, which exhibit identical specific radioactivities. phosphatidic acid production roughly parallels the phospholipase c-induced aggregation, whereas lysophosphatidic acid appears secondarily during cell lysis. the same qualitative variations are observed during thrombin-induced aggrega ...	1978	214164
enterotoxemia in rabbits.	the presence of clostridium perfringens type e iota toxin was confirmed from the cecal contents of 23 of 46 rabbits which died of enteritis complex. the most consistent lesions observed were hemorrhage and edema in the cecum. rabbit toxicity tests showed the toxic cecal contents were lethal for young rabbits unless incubated with clostridium perfringens type e antiserum.	1978	214635
[subacute form of "necrotising" enteritis due to clostridium perfringens: one case].		1978	214755
physical properties of inner histone-dna complexes.	chicken-erythrocyte inner histone tetramer has been complexed with several natural and synthetic dna duplexes by salt-gradient dialysis at various protein/dna ratios. the resulting complexes, in low-ionic-strength buffer, have been examined by electron microscopy, circular dichroism, and thermal denaturation. electron microscopy reveals nucleosomes (nu bodies) randomly arranged along dna fibers, including poly(da-dt)-poly(da-dt), poly(di-dc)-poly(di-dc), but not poly(da)-poly(dt). circular dichr ...	1978	214760
metabolism of rabbit kidney cells incubated in vitro with phospholipase c from staphylococcus aureus and clostridium perfringens.		1978	214902
characterization of a bacteriocinogenic plasmid in clostridium perfringens cw55.	a bacteriocinogenic strain of clostridium perfringens was exposed to various curing agents known to accelerate the elimination of extrachromosomal dna, and 20 independently derived mutants that had lost both the ability to produce bacteriocin and their immunity to it were isolated and characterized. all of the mutants were missing at least two specific plasmid bands seen in the agarose gel plasmid profile of the parent strain. evidence that the two missing bands represented the open circular and ...	1978	215082
sensitization of clostridium perfringens spores to heat by gamma radiation.	spores of clostridium perfringens, type a, were given separate or sequential treatments of gamma radiation (0 to 0.7 mrad) and/or high temperature (93 to 103 degrees c). prior heating, sufficient to inactivate 40 to 99% of the viable spores, had no effect on the subsequent radiation inactivation rate. prior irradiation had a sensitizing effect on subsequently heated spores. the degree of sensitization to heat, as measured by thermal inactivation rate, increased with increased radiation pretreatm ...	1978	215084
[quaternary structure and proteolysis of the polynucleotide phosphorylase from c. perfringens].	this report describes structural studies on purified polynucleotide phosphorylase from c. perfringens. a method is described for the purification of the enzyme which yields a product equivalent in activity to the native polynucleotide phosphorylase from e. coli. these studies revealed a molecular heterogeneity arising from successive stages of proteolysis, to which this enzyme is especially sensitive; unusally, the enzyme is obtained as a mixture of variable proportions of the native and proteol ...	1978	215236
the international reference preparations of clostridium welchii (c. perfringens) beta and epsilon toxoids.	the central veterinary laboratory, weybridge, england was requested by the who expert committee on biological standardization to obtain suitable materials for international standards for clostridium welchii (c. perfringens) beta and epsilon toxoids and to arrange collaborative assays. preparations were obtained and dispensed as freeze-dried toxoids in ampoules. the toxoids were assayed by nine laboratories in eight countries. on the basis of the results obtained, the materials have been establis ...	1978	215337
effect of metal ions on growth and sporulation of clostridium perfringens in a synthetic medium.	all cells, whatever their origin, function in an essentially inorganic environment. in this environment, metal cations play an important role. attempts were made in the present study to determine if different amounts of five metal ions (mg++, fe++, mn++, zn++, ca++) are needed for secondary metabolism of clostridium perfringens than are needed for primary metabolism. both the vegetative growth stage (primary metabolic stage) and spore stage (secondary metabolic stage) of clostridium perfringens ...	1978	215387
stopcock: bacterial contamination in invasive monitoring systems.		1979	215570
synergistic hemolysis phenomenon shown by an alpha-toxin-producing clostridium perfingens and streptococcal camp factor in presumptive streptococcal grouping.	a new phenomenon of synergistic hemolysis by clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin and the streptococcal camp factor on human and guinea pig erythrocytes is described. a possible mode of action of the camp factors is suggested. on human blood agar all of the tested isolates of group b streptococci gave an arrowhead-shaped zone of hemolysis; 74% of group a gave a crescent-shaped lytic zone, whereas all isolates of groups c and g and the remaining 26% of group a streptococci gave a bullet-shaped lyt ...	1978	215600
food-borne disease. i.		1979	215944
[enterotoxemia in goats].		1978	216132
[characterization of plasmid dna in a lecithinase-positive and in a lecithinase-negative strain of clostridium perfringens (author's transl)].	a non pathogenic variant of clostridium perfringens and the wild type strain were characterized. the strains agreed in most of the biochemical properties, in susceptibility against antibiotics and in bacteriocin production. contrary to the wild type the variant did not produce lecithinase and gelatinase. in deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) of both strains centrifuged in cesiumchlorid-ethidiumbromide equilibrium there was found a satellite peak containing three distinct, covalently closed circular (cc ...	1978	216187
the molecular mode of action of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin.	while certain strains of clostridium perfringens have been associated with food poisoning outbreaks for the past 30 years, it has been only during the past 10 years that progress has been made in describing the disease process. and only within the past 5 years has meaningful progress been made in understanding the mechanism by which the disease is caused. early observations, that the protein enterotoxin can cause erythema, increase capillary permeability, and exhibit parasympathomimetic properti ...	1979	216260
clostridium perfringens septicemia in acute lymphocytic leukemia.		1979	216262
membrane filter enumeration method for clostridium perfringens.	a membrane filter procedure has been developed for the rapid quantitation of c. perfringens in the aquatic environment. background growth is inhibited by the use of d-cycloserine, polymyxin b sulfate, and incubation at 45 degrees c. differential characteristics include the fermentation of sucrose, production of acid phosphatase, and the absence of beta-d-glucosidase activity. the medium is prepared as follows (in grams per 100 ml of distilled water): tryptose, 3.0; yeast extract, 2.0; sucrose, 0 ...	1979	216310
microbiological aspects of polyphosphate injection in the processing and chill storage of poultry.	during commercial processing of broiler chickens, injection of polyphosphate (puron 604 or 6040) resulted in microorganisms being added to the deep breast muscle. the level of contamination was related to the microbiological condition of the injection solution. injection of polyphosphate had no effect on the shelf-life of fresh chilled carcasses held at 1 degree of 10 degrees c but changes were observed in the growth rate of microorganisms in the deep muscle and in the composition of the muscle ...	1979	216743
effect of silver nitrate application on the conjunctival flora of the newborn: and the occurrence of clostridial conjunctivitis.	newborn conjunctival cultures were obtained from 35 babies prior to silver nitrate application and 48 hours later. on initial culture, 46 facultative bacteria and 27 anaerobes were recovered; 48 facultative and 18 anaerobes were recovered after 48 hours. haemophilus vaginalis, bacteroides species and anaerobic cocci decreased in numbers, whereas s. epidermidis, micrococcus and propionibacterium acnes increased during this time interval. clostridial species were isolated from two cases who develo ...	1978	216788
[microbiological and immunological indices in patients with peritonitis].		1979	216845
gastroenteritis: etiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations.	the infectious etiologic agents of gastroenteritis are manifold and have only recently been studied in greater depth. part of the problem in studies pertaining to diarrhea is the difficulty in identifying fecal "pathogens" among an enormous number of indigenous fecal microorganisms. finally, the recognition of the pathogenicity of enterotoxins has created an awareness of the complexity of gastrointestinal physiology with host-parasite interactions.	1979	216878
comparative study of ten bacteriocins of clostridium perfringens.	bacteriocins of clostridium perfringens were prepared by ammonium sulfate precipitation of supernatant broth from 10 bacteriocinogenic strains. these bacteriocins were compared with respect to their ability to produce spheroplasts in a sensitive indicator strain; their inducibility; sensitivity to ph, proteolytic enzymes, and boiling; and their effect on macromolecular synthesis. two bacteriocins were stable over a wide range of ph values and resisted boiling, and three bacteriocins were resista ...	1978	217302
specificity of action of neuraminidase, according to its bacteriological origin.	neuraminidase from vibrio cholerae selectively cleaves sialic acid from fsh, but leaves the lh sialic acid, not influencing the biological activity of the latter hormone. on the other hand, neuraminidase from clostridium perfringens does not possess this specific action and destroys the biological activity of lh as is suggested by parlow's oaad-test.	1978	217679
production of toxic enzymes of clostridium perfringens bp6k on technologically important media including a medium with tween 80.	the addition of 0.05--0.1% of tween 80 to casein hydrolysate medium of adams and hendee raises and production of clostridium perfringens bp6k lecithinase by approximately 50%. the use of the silicon antifoam lukosan makes the medium particularly suitable for cultivation in large volumes. higher levels of theta haemolysin and lecithinase are formed on the casein hydrolysate medium than on the meat medium. all factors except the theta and lambda components are farily stable during cultivation.	1978	217931
[observations on experimentally induced gas gangrene in rats].		1978	218181
[electron microscopic study of several features of spore formation in type b clostridium perfringens].	the authors carried out electron microscopy of the thin sections of cl. perfringens, type b (strain no. 89). material of middle electron density was revealed on the cell wall surface from the first hours of the culture growing; the cytoplasm displayed both rod-like incorporations with transverse striations, and phage particles. different spore formation disturbances were revealed in the strain under study. in the majority of cells spore formation was blocked at the iii--v stage. besides, there w ...	1979	218402
low trimethoprim susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria due to insensitive dihydrofolate reductases.	all the 28 bacteroides fragilis strains investigated were susceptible to sulfamethoxazole (minimal inhibitory concentration < 16 mug/ml) and resistant to trimethoprim (tmp; minimal inhibitory concentration > 4 mug/ml). synergism between sulfamethoxazole and tmp was present in all strains at a ratio of 1:1. the few clostridia investigated proved more resistant to both compounds. dihydrofolate reductases from b. fragilis, c. perfringens, and some other anaerobic species were isolated. inhibition p ...	1979	218496
mechanism of aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance in anaerobic bacteria: clostridium perfringens and bacteroides fragilis.	cell-free amino acid incorporation using ribosomes from strains of either clostridium perfringens or bacteroides fragilis was shown to be susceptible to inhibition by streptomycin and gentamicin. ribosomes bound dihydrostreptomycin as effectively as ribosomes from escherichia coli. no inactivation of streptomycin or gentamicin was detected by cell extracts of either anaerobic bacterial species. b. fragilis, grown without added hemin, menadione, and fumarate, and c. perfringens did not show any t ...	1979	218500
clostridium perfringens corneal ulcer.	a corneal ulcer caused by clostridium perfringens developed in a 76-year-old woman with sjögren's syndrome. experimental c perfringens keratitis was induced in rabbits by the intrastromal injection of 10(7) organisms. in both our patient and the experimental animals, a bullous lesion overlay the affected area of the cornea. this may be a specific lesion in clostridial infections of the cornea. clostridium perfringens should be regarded as an opportunistic corneal pathogen, and anaerobic cultures ...	1979	218542
identification of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens type a in mixed cultures.	three known enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens type a strains were mixed in various combinations with three nonenterotoxigenic strains and three lots of animal intestinal contents. they were grown as mixed cultures and tested for the presence of enterotoxin by the fluorescent antibody, reversed passive hemagglutination and immunodiffusion techniques. the fluorescent antibody and reversed passive hemagglutination tests detected enterotoxin in all 16 cultures prepared but the immunodiffusion ...	1979	218711