Publications

augmentation of permeability in the bronchial epithelium by the house dust mite allergen der p1.	sequence analyses have revealed the existence of homology between certain aeroallergens and proteolytic enzymes. this homology can be expressed functionally, but its significance to airway pathophysiology is unknown. studies with madin-darby canine kidney cells and canine tracheal epithelial cells grown on plastic substrata or matrix proteins suggest that der p1, a major allergen from the house dust mite dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and a cysteine proteinase, or the unfractionated growth mediu ...	1995	7695916
different roles of class i and class ii clostridium histolyticum collagenase in rat pancreatic islet isolation.	crude clostridium histolyticum collagenase was purified by gel filtration and fractionated by anion exchange chromatography into class i with high collagen digestion activity (cda) and low falgpa (2-furanacryloyl-l-leucylglycyl-l-prolyl-l-alanine) hydrolysis activity (fha), class ii with low cda and high fha, and a fraction called class i/ii with intermediate activities. the roles of these collagenase classes in rat pancreatic islet isolation were investigated. dissociations were carried out wit ...	1995	7859945
a simple in vitro method for evaluating the efficacy of different batches of crude clostridium histolyticum collagenase for islet isolation.		1995	8539957
university of wisconsin solution inhibits the class ii collagenase within crude clostridium histolyticum collagenase.		1995	8539958
recombinant enzymes for islet isolation: purification of a collagenase from clostridium histolyticum and cloning/expression of the gene.		1995	8539959
active site structure of a hemagglutinating protease from porphyromonas gingivalis: similarity to clostripain.	the active site of a 44-kda hemagglutinating arginine-specific protease from the putative periodontopathogen porphyromonas gingivalis was specifically labeled with n alpha-[3h]acetyllysine chloromethyl ketone. after enzymatic digestion of the labeled enzyme, a labeled active site peptide was isolated by hplc. the sequence of the active site peptide was determined, after its treatment with nabh4 to reduce the ketone group of the reagent moiety, to be asp-val-ala-cys-val-asn-gly. the cysteine resi ...	1995	8595395
demonstration that 1-trans-epoxysuccinyl-l-leucylamido-(4-guanidino) butane (e-64) is one of the most effective low mr inhibitors of trypsin-catalysed hydrolysis. characterization by kinetic analysis and by energy minimization and molecular dynamics simulation of the e-64-beta-trypsin complex.	1-trans-epoxysuccinyl-l-leucylamido(4-guanidino)butane (e-64) was shown to inhibit beta-trypsin by a reversible competitive mechanism; this contrasts with the widely held view that e-64 is a class-specific inhibitor of the cysteine proteinases and reports in the literature that it does not inhibit a number of other enzymes including, notably, trypsin. the k1, value (3 x 10(-5) m) determined by kinetic analysis of the hydrolysis of n alpha-benzoyl-l-arginine 4-nitroanilide in tris/hcl buffer, ph ...	1996	8670152
clostripain linker deletion variants yield active enzyme in escherichia coli: a possible function of the linker peptide as intramolecular inhibitor of clostripain automaturation.	the clostripain core protein is composed of the light and heavy chain subunits linked by a nonapeptide into a single polypeptide chain [mol. gen. genet. 240: 140, 1993]. linker removal is due to autocatalytic processing yielding active heterodimeric enzyme. we have expressed mutationally altered core protein variants in the heterologous host escherichia coli to gain further insight into the process of clostripain automaturation. in a mutationally created cys231 --> ser variant, heterodimer forma ...	1996	8875906
fractions from commercial collagenase preparations: use in enzymic isolation of the islets of langerhans from porcine pancreas.	transplantation of isolated islets of langerhans is an intriguing possibility for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. the isolation of islets from pancreata requires the specific dissociation of the tissue. commercial collagenases from clostridium histolyticum are widely used for this purpose. unfortunately, the effectiveness of these commercial enzymes is not predictable and differs considerably between suppliers and even from lot to lot. this is due mainly to differences in their specific coll ...	1996	8889213
[collagenolytic enzymes synthesized by microorganisms].	the review uses data obtained by the authors and available in the literature to discuss microbial collagenolytic enzymes, widely employed in scientific research, biotechnology, and medicine. collagenases differing in their structure and the specificity of their action on collagen fibrils were isolated from bacteria (including marine isolates), actinomycetes, and fungi. collagenases produced by clostridium histolyticum and achromobacter iophagus are the best studied enzymes; both are metalloenzym ...	1996	8992239
expression of the colh gene encoding clostridium histolyticum collagenase in bacillus subtilis and its application to enzyme purification.	the colh gene encoding 116-kda collagenase of clostridium histolyticum (ccolh) was cloned into an escherichia coli-bacillus subtilis shuttle vector to develop a method for purification of recombinant collagenase (rcolh). when plasmid pjcm310 containing the colh gene was introduced into b. subtilis db104 and the transformant was grown in lb broth at 37 c, stability of the plasmid was not maintained. however, stability was partly improved by growing the transformant in a modified lb broth containi ...	1996	9013490
involvement of 5-hydroxytryptamine and bradykinin in the hyperalgesia induced in rats by collagenase from clostridium histolyticum.	the involvement of bradykinin, 5-hydroxytryptamine, substance p and prostanoids in the hyperalgesia elicited by collagenase in rat paw was investigated. collagenase (100 micrograms) induced a slight hyperalgesia in kininogen deficient rats in comparison with the behavioural response obtained in normal rats. lisinopril (10(-5) m), and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, increased the duration of the hyperalgesia elicited in normal rats. ondansetron (0.5 to 5 mumol/kg), a 5-ht3 antagonist, su ...	1997	9151293
a trypanosoma cruzi-secreted 80 kda proteinase with specificity for human collagen types i and iv.	specific interactions between parasites and extracellular matrix components are an important mechanism in the dissemination of chagas' disease. binding of the extracellular matrix proteins to trypanosoma cruzi receptors has been described as a significant step in this phenomenon. in this study, a specific proteinase activity was identified in cell-free extracts of amastigote, trypomastigote and epimastigote forms of t. cruzi using the collagenase fluorogenic substrate n-suc-gly-pro-leu-gly-pro-7 ...	1997	9224638
histochemical analysis of the role of class i and class ii clostridium histolyticum collagenase in the degradation of rat pancreatic extracellular matrix for islet isolation.	to understand why class ii clostridium histolyticum collagenase is much more effective than class i in the isolation of rat pancreatic islets, we analyzed the role of these collagenases in pancreatic tissue dissociation. crude collagenase was purified and then fractionated into class i and ii with different enzyme activities and protein compositions. pancreatic tissue was incubated with either class i, class ii, or class i + ii, with or without added protease, under conditions that eliminated en ...	1997	9258514
identification and analysis of a collagenolytic activity in streptococcus mutans.	streptococcus mutans is an important pathogen in coronal caries and is implicated in dental root decay by its ability to bind collagen from various sources. in the present study, electron microscopic analysis demonstrated the ability of s. mutans to bind and to disrupt collagen fibrils of the amniotic membrane. the synthetic peptide falgpa, which is similar in structure to collagen, was degraded by s. mutans, with a lower level of falgpa hydrolytic activity observed in sucrose-grown cells compar ...	1997	8939802
[the influences of lanthanum,cerium and fluorine ions to the activity of collagenase degrading cemental collagens]	the influences of trace elements lanthanum,cerium and fluorine to the activity of clostridium histolyticum collagenase(chc) during the period of chc degrading the cemental root collagen in vitro is studied.the results reveal that la(3+) can significantly inhibit the activity of the chc than ce(3+) and f(-). therefore it suggests that lanthanum may be used as a new kind of element in preventing root caries.the mechanisms of above functions are also discussed.	1997	15159961
a study of the collagen-binding domain of a 116-kda clostridium histolyticum collagenase.	the clostridium histolyticum 116-kda collagenase consists of four segments, s1, s2a, s2b, and s3. a 98-kda gelatinase, which can degrade denatured but not native collagen, lacks the c-terminal fragment containing a part of s2b and s3. in this paper we have investigated the function of the c-terminal segments using recombinant proteins. full-length collagenase degraded both native type i collagen and a synthetic substrate, pz-peptide, while an 88-kda protein containing only s1 and s2a (s1s2a) deg ...	1998	9452493
collagen-binding growth factors: production and characterization of functional fusion proteins having a collagen-binding domain.	the autocrine/paracrine peptide signaling molecules such as growth factors have many promising biologic activities for clinical applications. however, one cannot expect specific therapeutic effects of the factors administered by ordinary drug delivery systems as they have limited target specificity and short half-lives in vivo. to overcome the difficulties in using growth factors as therapeutic agents, we have produced fusion proteins consisting of growth factor moieties and a collagen-binding d ...	1998	9618531
variations of bacterial populations in human feces measured by fluorescent in situ hybridization with group-specific 16s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes.	six 16s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes were designed, validated, and used to quantify predominant groups of anaerobic bacteria in human fecal samples. a set of two probes was specific for species of the bacteroides fragilis group and the species bacteroides distasonis. two others were designed to detect species of the clostridium histolyticum and the clostridium lituseburense groups. another probe was designed for the genera streptococcus and lactococcus, and the final probe was designed f ...	1998	9726880
gene duplication and multiplicity of collagenases in clostridium histolyticum.	clostridium histolyticum collagenase contains a number of different active components. previously we have shown that colh encodes a 116-kda collagenase (colh) and a 98-kda gelatinase. we purified a different 116-kda collagenase (colg) from the culture supernatant and sequenced its gene (colg). we also identified four other gelatinases (105, 82, 78, and 67 kda) and determined their n-terminal amino acid sequences, all of which coincided with that of either colg or colh. hybridization experiments ...	1999	9922257
identification of metal ligands in the clostridium histolyticum colh collagenase.	a clostridium histolyticum 116-kda collagenase has an h415exxh motif but not the third zinc ligand, as found in already characterized zinc metalloproteinases. to identify its catalytic site, we mutated the codons corresponding to the three conserved residues in the motif to other amino acid residues. the mutation affecting his415 or his419 abolished catalytic activity and zinc binding, while that affecting glu416 did the former but not the latter. these results suggest that the motif forms the c ...	1999	10217773
imaging real-time proteolysis of single collagen i molecules with an atomic force microscope.	the dynamic process of synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix molecules, including various collagens, is important in normal physiological functions and pathological conditions. existing models of collagen enzymatic degradation reactions are derived from bulk biochemical assays. in this study, we have imaged in real-time individual collagen i molecules and their proteolysis by clostridium histolyticum collagenases in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) with atomic force microscopy (afm). ...	1999	10433702
the 105-kda protein component of bacillus cereus non-haemolytic enterotoxin (nhe) is a metalloprotease with gelatinolytic and collagenolytic activity.	a sequence of 91 amino acids residues, probably starting from the n-terminal of the mature protein, was determined for the 105-kda protein of the non-haemolytic enterotoxin of bacillus cereus. the last part of this sequence was similar to parts of the n-terminal portions of two collagenases of clostridium histolyticum and clostridium perfringens. zymography, with intact collagen fibril and gelatin as substrates, showed that the 105-kda protein had collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity. the 1 ...	1999	10499286
protease inhibitors. part 7. inhibition of clostridium histolyticum collagenase with sulfonylated derivatives of l-valine hydroxamate.	sulfonylated l-valine hydroxamate derivatives were obtained by reaction of alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides with the title amino acid, followed by treatment with benzyl chloride, and conversion of the cooh moiety to the conhoh group. other derivatives were obtained by reaction of n-benzyl-l-valine with arylisocyanates, arylsulfonylisocyanates or benzoylisothiocyanate, followed by the similar conversion of the cooh into the conhoh moiety, with hydroxylamine in the presence of carbodiimides. the obtaine ...	2000	10699384
protease inhibitors. part 8: synthesis of potent clostridium histolyticum collagenase inhibitors incorporating sulfonylated l-alanine hydroxamate moieties.	a series of hydroxamates was prepared by reaction of alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides with n-2-chlorobenzyl-l-alanine, followed by conversion of the cooh moiety to the conhoh group, with hydroxylamine in the presence of carbodiimides. other structurally related compounds were obtained by reaction of n-2-chlorobenzyl-l-alanine with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by the similar conversion of the cooh into the conhoh moiety. the new compounds were assayed a ...	2000	10732980
protease inhibitors: synthesis of clostridium histolyticum collagenase inhibitors incorporating sulfonyl-l-alanine hydroxamate moieties.	a series of hydroxamates was obtained by the reaction of n-(4-nitrobenzyl)-l-alanine with alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides, followed by conversion of the cooh group into conhoh. structurally-related compounds were prepared similarly by using arylsulfonyl isocyanates, aryl isocyanates or arylsulfenyl halides instead of the sulfonyl halides. many of the new compounds showed nanomolar affinity for the bacterial collagenase isolated from the pathogen clostridium histolyticum.	2000	10743957
protease inhibitors - part 5. alkyl/arylsulfonyl- and arylsulfonylureido-/arylureido- glycine hydroxamate inhibitors of clostridium histolyticum collagenase.	reaction of alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides with glycine afforded a series of derivatives which were first n-benzylated by treatment with benzyl chloride, and then converted to the corresponding hydroxamic acids with hydroxylamine in the presence of carbodiimide derivatives. other derivatives were obtained by reaction of n-benzyl-glycine with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by conversion of their cooh group into the conhoh moiety, as mentioned above. the ...	2000	10785556
protease inhibitors: synthesis of potent bacterial collagenase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors incorporating n-4-nitrobenzylsulfonylglycine hydroxamate moieties.	a series of compounds was prepared by reaction of alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides with n-4-nitrobenzylglycine, followed by conversion of the cooh to the conhoh group, with hydroxylamine in the presence of carbodiimides. other structurally related compounds were obtained by reaction of n-4-nitrobenzylglycine with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates, or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by the similar conversion of the cooh into the conhoh moiety. another subseries of derivatives was prepared fro ...	2000	10794702
protease inhibitors. part 12. synthesis of potent matrix metalloproteinase and bacterial collagenase inhibitors incorporating sulfonylated n-4-nitrobenzyl-beta-alanine hydroxamate moieties.	n-4-nitrobenzyl-beta-alanine was reacted with alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides, followed by conversion of the cooh to the conhoh group. structurally related compounds were obtained by reaction of n-4-nitrobenzyl-beta-alanine with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by similar conversion of the cooh into the conhoh moiety. another subseries of derivatives was prepared from sulfanilyl- or metanilyl-4-nitrobenzyl-beta-alanine by reaction with arylsulfonyl isocya ...	2000	10913755
protease inhibitors: synthesis of l-alanine hydroxamate sulfonylated derivatives as inhibitors of clostridium histolyticum collagenase.	l-alanine hydroxamate derivatives were obtained by reaction of alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides with l-alanine, followed by treatment with benzyl chloride, and conversion of the cooh moiety to the conhoh group with hydroxylamine in the presence of carbodiimides. other derivatives were obtained by reaction of n-benzyl-alanine with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by a similar conversion of the cooh to the conhoh moiety. the obtained compounds were assayed a ...	2000	10938538
carbonic anhydrase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors: sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamates with mmp inhibitory properties act as efficient inhibitors of ca isozymes i, ii, and iv, and n-hydroxysulfonamides inhibit both these zinc enzymes.	the 14 different carbonic anhydrase (ca, ec 4.2.1.1) isozymes as well as the 23 different matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) isolated up to now in higher vertebrates play important physiological functions in these organisms. unsubstituted sulfonamides act as high-affinity inhibitors for the first type of these enzymes, whereas hydroxamates strongly inhibit the latter ones. since the active site geometry around the zinc ion in these two types of metalloenzymes is rather similar, we tested whether s ...	2000	11020282
effects of the non-peptide b2 receptor antagonist fr173657 in models of visceral and cutaneous inflammation.	the non-peptide b2 receptor antagonist (e)-3-(6-acetamido-3-pyridyl)-n-[n-[2,4-dichloro-3-[(2-methyl-8-quinolin yl)oxymethyl]phenyl]-n-methylaminocarbonylmethyl]acrylamide (fr173657) was compared to the peptide antagonist icatibant in models of visceral and cutaneous inflammation.	2000	11089906
atomic force microscopy of intact and digested collagen molecules.	the present study was performed to analyse the structure of non-digested and digested collagen type i molecules by atomic force microscopy (afm). collagen type i molecules from the bovine skin were diluted with 0.05 n acetic acid, spread on a mica plate, air-dried and observed by non-contact mode afm in air. collagen molecules digested with clostridium histolyticum collagenase were also examined by afm. intact collagen type i molecules were observed as twisted threads ranging mainly between 280 ...	2000	11108030
metal content and biochemical analyses of a recombinant collagenase prtv from vibrio parahaemolyticus.	prtv is an extracellular metalloprotease of vibrio parahaemolyticus and regarded as a collagenase. inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry analysis indicated that the recombinant prtv contains 1 mol of zinc per mol of the native enzyme. on the basis of a kinetic study using 2-furanacryloyl-leu-gly-pro-ala (falgpa, the specific substrate for bacterial collagenase) as a substrate, it was suggested that metal ions may play a significant role in the binding and catalytic steps of th ...	2000	11128063
infective endocarditis due to clostridium histolyticum.		2000	11168053
salivary histatin 5 is a potent competitive inhibitor of the cysteine proteinase clostripain.	histatin 5 is a low molecular weight salivary protein which is known to exhibit inhibitory activity against several proteinases, including the cysteine proteinases gingipains. the purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of salivary histatin on the proteolytic activity of the cysteine proteinase clostripain derived from the pathogen clostridium histolyticum. using a synthetic nitroanilide substrate, we studied in detail the inhibition of clostripain by histatin 5 and compared the eff ...	2001	11231021
protease inhibitors: synthesis of a series of bacterial collagenase inhibitors of the sulfonyl amino acyl hydroxamate type.	a series of sulfonyl amino acyl hydroxamates incorporating alkyl/arylsulfonyl-n-2-nitrobenzyl-l-alanine was prepared. related compounds were obtained by reaction of n-2-nitrobenzyl-l-ala with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates, or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by the conversion of the cooh into the conhoh moiety. the new compounds were assayed as inhibitors of the clostridium histolyticum collagenase (chc), a bacterial protease involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix. many ...	2001	11405662
oligofructose and long-chain inulin: influence on the gut microbial ecology of rats associated with a human faecal flora.	dietary incorporation of fermentable, indigestible fructans may be of benefit to gastrointestinal health by providing short-chain fatty acids, stimulating the proliferation of bifidobacteria or lactobacilli and suppressing potential pathogenic organisms in the gut. we tested the hypothesis that the effects of fructans on caecal, colonic and faecal short-chain fatty acid concentration and microflora composition depend on their chain length. germ-free rats associated with a human faecal flora were ...	2001	11502244
a thermostable collagenolytic protease with a very large molecular mass produced by thermophilic bacillus sp. strain mo-1.	a collagenolytic protease was purified to homogeneity from thermophilic bacillus sp. strain mo-1. the protease from strain mo-1 showed high activity toward type i and iv collagens and gelatin. however, peptide substrates (4-phenylazobenzyloxycarbonyl-pro-leu-gly-pro-arg and 2-furylacryloyl-leu-gly-pro-ala) for collagenases were inert as substrates. the collagenolytic protease cleaved oxidized insulin b-chain at 11 sites and degraded type i and iv collagens into anonymous small pieces, suggesting ...	2001	11693905
characterization of an important enzymatic component in collagenase that is essential for the effective digestion of the human and porcine pancreas.	recent clinical results from edmonton have demonstrated the feasibility of achieving normoglycemia in type i diabetic patients by islet transplantation. one of the key issues in obtaining this success was transplanting sufficient numbers of islets by sequential transplants. although the development of semipurified endotoxin-free clostridium histolyticum-derived collagenase (liberase) has improved islet yields from the human pancreas, batch-to-batch variation and loss of activity with time still ...	2001	11814113
collagen-binding domain of a clostridium histolyticum collagenase exhibits a broad substrate spectrum both in vitro and in vivo.	the substrate spectrum of the tandem collagen-binding domain (cbd) of clostridium histolyticumclass i collagenase (colg) was examined both in vitro and in vivo. cbd bound to insoluble type i, ii, iii and iv collagens in vitro, and to skin, aorta, tendon, kidney, trachea and corneal tissues containing various types of collagen fibrils or sheets. cbd bound to all kinds of collagen fibrils regardless of their diameters and also bound to sheet-forming collagen in the glomerular basal lamina or desce ...	2001	11913772
substrate recognition by the collagen-binding domain of clostridium histolyticum class i collagenase.	clostridium histolyticum type i collagenase (colg) has a segmental structure, s1+s2+s3a+s3b. s3a and s3b bound to insoluble collagen, but s2 did not, thus indicating that s3 forms a collagen-binding domain (cbd). because s3a+s3b showed the most efficient binding to substrate, cooperative binding by both domains was suggested for the enzyme. monomeric (s3b) and tandem (s3a+s3b) cbds bound to atelocollagen, which contains only the collagenous region. however, they did not bind to telopeptides immo ...	2001	11121400
screening of selected basidiomycetes for inhibitory activity on clostridium histolyticum collagenase and human leukocyte elastase.	collagenase and elastase play a critical role in the degradation of connective tissue. aqueous and dichloromethane extracts of 15 basidiomycetes were screened for their ability to inhibit the activity of collagenase and elastase. collagenase (ec 3.4.24.3) was not inhibited by aqueous extracts, but by dichloromethane extracts in concentrations of 200 microg/ml. for seven extracts an ic(50) less than 200 microg/ml could be observed. elastase (3.4.21.37) was inhibited by both aqueous and dichlorome ...	2002	11933148
bacterial protease inhibitors.	serine-, cysteine-, and metalloproteases are widely spread in many pathogenic bacteria, where they play critical functions related to colonization and evasion of host immune defenses, acquisition of nutrients for growth and proliferation, facilitation of dissemination, or tissue damage during infection. since all the antibiotics used clinically at the moment share a common mechanism of action, acting as inhibitors of the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis or affecting protein synthesis on ribosome ...	2002	12111749
protease inhibitors: synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase and bacterial collagenase inhibitors incorporating 5-amino-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole zinc binding functions.	matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)/bacterial collagenase inhibitors incorporating 5-amino-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole zinc binding functions are reported. a series of compounds was prepared by reaction of arylsulfonyl isocyanates or arylsulfonyl halides with phenylalanyl-alanine, followed by coupling with 5-amino-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole in the presence of carbodiimides. these new compounds were assayed as inhibitors of human mmp-1, mmp-2, mmp-8 and mmp-9, and of the collagenase isolated from t ...	2002	12217351
free fatty acids inhibit the activity of clostridium histolyticum collagenase and human neutrophil elastase.	we investigated the ability of free fatty acids to inhibit the activity of clostridium histolyticum collagenase (ec 3.4.24.3) and human neutrophil elastase (ec 3.4.21.37). we determined the activity of collagenase by degradation of resorufin-labeled casein fluorimetrically. the determination of the elastase activity was performed by a spectrophotometric method using a 4-nitroanilide peptide substrate. we found that most of the tested fatty acids inhibited collagenase at concentrations between 50 ...	2002	12357383
mucosal and invading bacteria in patients with inflammatory bowel disease compared with controls.	endogenous intestinal bacteria and/or specific bacterial pathogens are suspected of being involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd). the aim of this study was to investigate ibd tissues for different bacterial population groups harbouring the mucosal surface and/or invading the mucosa.	2002	12374228
rapid determination of substrate specificity of clostridium histolyticum beta-collagenase using an immobilized peptide library.	the molecular basis of the substrate specificity of clostridium histolyticum beta-collagenase was investigated using a combinatorial method. an immobilized positional peptide library, which contains 24,000 sequences, was constructed with a 7-hydroxycoumarin-4-propanoyl (cop) fluorescent group attached at the n terminus of each sequence. this immobilized peptide library was incubated with c. histolyticum beta-collagenase, releasing fluorogenic fragments in the solution phase. the relative substra ...	2002	11724807
collagenase-induced changes in articular cartilage as detected by electron-microscopic stereology, quantitative polarized light microscopy and biochemical assays.	the purpose of this study was to compare the ability of electron-microscopic (em) stereology with quantitative polarized light microscopy (plm) and biochemical collagen (hydroxyproline) and crosslink (pyridinoline) analyses to detect changes in the superficial collagen network of bovine articular cartilage after digestion in vitro with purified bacterial (clostridium histolyticum) collagenase (30 u/ml) for 24 and 48 h. collagen volume (v(v)) and surface (s(v)) densities of the uppermost third of ...	2002	12566629
a bacterial collagen-binding domain with novel calcium-binding motif controls domain orientation.	the crystal structure of a collagen-binding domain (cbd) with an n-terminal domain linker from clostridium histolyticum class i collagenase was determined at 1.00 a resolution in the absence of calcium (1nqj) and at 1.65 a resolution in the presence of calcium (1nqd). the mature enzyme is composed of four domains: a metalloprotease domain, a spacing domain and two cbds. a 12-residue-long linker is found at the n-terminus of each cbd. in the absence of calcium, the cbd reveals a beta-sheet sandwi ...	2003	12682007
protease inhibitors: synthesis of bacterial collagenase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors incorporating arylsulfonylureido and 5-dibenzo-suberenyl/suberyl moieties.	novel matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)/bacterial collagenase inhibitors are reported, considering the sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamates as lead molecules. a series of compounds was prepared by reaction of arylsulfonyl isocyanates with n-(5h-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-yl)- and n-(10,11-dihydro-5h-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-yl) methyl glycocolate, respectively, followed by the conversion of the coome to the carboxylate/hydroxamate moieties. the corresponding derivatives with methylene and ethylene ...	2003	12713832
a comparative qsar study on carbonic anhydrase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibition by sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamates.	a quantitative structure-activity relationship (qsar) study is made on the inhibition of a few isozymes of carbonic anhydrase (ca) and some matrix metalloproteinases (mmps), both zinc containing families of enzymes, by sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamates. for both enzymes, the inhibition potency of the hydroxamates is found to be well correlated with kier's first-order valence molecular connectivity index 1chi(v) of the molecule and electrotopological state indices of some atoms. from the resul ...	2003	12751815
a quantitative structure-activity relationship study on clostridium histolyticum collagenase inhibitors: roles of electrotopological state indices.	a quantitative structure-activity relationship (qsar) study has been made on eight different series of clostridium histolyticum collegenase (chc) inhibitors. these series are comprised of four different groups of sulfonylated amino acids and their corresponding hydroxamates. in each series, the inhibition potency of the compounds has been found to be significantly correlated with the electrotopological state (e-state) indices of nitrogen and sulfur atoms of the sulfonylated amino group in the mo ...	2003	12818668
protease inhibitors: synthesis of bacterial collagenase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors incorporating succinyl hydroxamate and iminodiacetic acid hydroxamate moieties.	a series of succinyl hydroxamates/bishydroxamates as well as a new structural type of matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)/bacterial protease (bp) inhibitors, incorporating iminodiacetic (ida) hydroxamate/bishydroxamate moieties, has been synthesized and tested for interaction with four vertebrate proteases, mmp-1, mmp-2, mmp-8 and mmp-9, and a bp, the collagenase isolated from clostridium histolyticum (chc). the new derivatives generally showed inhibition constants in the range of 8-62 nm against the ...	2003	14506914
pcr detection of clostridium chauvoei in pure cultures and in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.	the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify specific segments of the 16s ribosomal rna gene of clostridium chauvoei, a major pathogen of ruminants. three sets of primers were used to produce amplicons of 159, 836 and 959 base pairs (bp), respectively. the pcr was evaluated by testing clinically important strains of clostridium, including 21 strains of c. chauvoei, five strains each of clostridium septicum and clostridium perfringens and two strains each of clostridium novyi, clostrid ...	2003	12458172
inhibition of collagenase and metalloproteinases by aloins and aloe gel.	the effects of aloe barbadensis gel and aloe gel constituents on the activity of microbial and human metalloproteinases have been investigated. clostridium histolyticum collagenase (chc) results dose-dependently inhibited by aloe gel and the activity-guided fractionation led to an active fraction enriched in phenolics and aloins. aloins have been shown to be able to bind and to inhibit chc reversibly and non-competitively. aloe gel and aloins are also effective inhibitors of stimulated granulocy ...	2003	12479983
a quantitative structure-activity relationship study on some matrix metalloproteinase and collagenase inhibitors.	a quantitative structure-activity relationship (qsar) study is made on some hydroxamic acid-based inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and a bacterial collagenase, namely clostridium histolyticum collagenase (chc), that also belongs to an mmp family, m-31, using kier's valence molecular connectivity index (1)chi(v) of the substituents and electrotopological state (e-state) indices of some atoms. the results indicate that out of the four mmps (mmp-1, mmp-2, mmp-8, and mmp-9) studied, mm ...	2003	12517437
the structure-function relationship in the clostripain family of peptidases.	in this study we investigate the active-site structure and the catalytic mechanism of clostripain by using a combination of three separate techniques: affinity labelling, site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modelling. a benzamidinyl-diazo dichlorotriazine dye (bdd) was shown to act as an efficient active site-directed affinity label for clostridium histolyticum clostripain. the enzyme, upon incubation with bdd in 0.1 m hepes/naoh buffer ph 7.6, exhibits a time-dependent loss of activity. the ...	2004	15009210
factor xiii contrasts the effects of metalloproteinases in human dermal fibroblast cultured cells.	matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) are overexpressed in venous leg ulcers, determining a breakdown of the main extracellular matrix (ecm) components owing mainly to collagenase activities, and so playing a crucial role in ulcer pathogenesis. the authors studied the effects of coagulation factor xiii (fxiii), which cross-links collagen and other ecm components, in human fibroblast cultured cells in the presence and in the absence of matrix metalloproteinases from clostridium histolyticum collagenas ...	2004	15490040
quantum theoretic qsar of benzene derivatives: some enzyme inhibitors.	our previously developed approach to the development of qsar equations for benzene derivatives, originally for phenylalkylamine hallucinogens, has been applied to four new systems: sulfonamide inhibitors of the enzymes carbonic anhydrase, thrombin, trypsin, and clostridium histolyticum collagenase. the novel features involve the energies and nodal orientations of pi-like orbitals, and an allowance for the symmetry of the benzene nucleus. the resulting equations give better fits, better predictiv ...	2004	15499995
improved enzymatic isolation of fibroblasts for the creation of autologous skin substitutes.	the number of medical applications using autologous fibroblasts is increasing rapidly. we investigated thoroughly the procedure to isolate cells from skin using the enzymatic tissue dissociation procedure. tissue digestion efficiency, cell viability, and yield were investigated in relation to size of tissue fragments, digestion volume to tissue ratio, digestion time, and importance of other protease activities present in clostridium histolyticum collagenase (chc) (neutral protease, clostripain, ...	2004	15723562
inhibition effects of (+)-catechin-aldehyde polycondensates on proteinases causing proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix.	inhibition effects of (+)-catechin-aldehyde polycondensates against the activity of proteinases, clostridium histolyticum collagenase (chc) and human neutrophil elastase (hne) causing proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix (ecm), have been investigated. in normal tissues, a balance is reached between the formation and destruction of ecm, leading to a state of homeostasis. however, uncontrolled destruction of ecm contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. in the measurement of the inh ...	2004	15207729
quantitative analysis of the impact of the organic matrix on the fluoride effect on erosion progression in human dentine using longitudinal microradiography.	after an initial demineralisation, an intensive fluoridation is capable of inhibiting the erosive mineral loss in dentine completely, which might be related to the presence of the exposed organic dentine matrix. aim of the present study was, therefore, to evaluate whether fluoride is also effective when the organic material is removed. the study was a cyclic de- and remineralisation model over 5 days in vitro. samples from human coronal dentine were demineralised with citric acid (ph 2.3; 6 x 10 ...	2004	15353250
interaction of aldehydes with collagen: effect on thermal, enzymatic and conformational stability.	stabilization of type i rat tail tendon (rtt) collagen by various aldehydes, viz. formaldehyde, gluteraldehyde, glyoxal and crotanaldehyde was studied to understand the effect of each on the thermal, enzymatic and conformational stability of collagen. the aldehydes have been found to increase the heat stability of rat tail tendon collagen fibres from 62 to 77-86 degrees c. the increase in thermal stability was found to be in a species dependent manner. the variation in the thermal stability of c ...	2004	15374680
outbreak of clostridium histolyticum infections in injecting drug users in england and scotland.	clostridial infections in injecting drug users in the united kingdom are a relatively new phenomenon that came to light in 2000 when cases of serious illness and deaths due to clostridium novyi were recorded. in the period december 2003 to april 2004, the anaerobe reference laboratory received twelve referrals of an extremely rare isolate, clostridium histolyticum, from cases of infection in injecting drug users submitted from nine different hospitals in england and scotland. molecular typing of ...	2004	15381836
an unusual cause of soft tissue infection.		2005	15951543
modulation of the fecal microbiota by the intake of a lactobacillus johnsonii la1-containing product in human volunteers.	lactobacillus johnsonii la1 (la1) is a probiotic strain capable of stimulating the immune system of the host and interfering with gastrointestinal pathogens. this study evaluates how the ingestion of different amounts of la1 influences the main bacterial populations of the fecal microbiota. eight asymptomatic volunteers participated in the study. after a basal period, they ingested daily 100 ml of a product containing 10(8) cfu ml(-1) of la1 during the first week, 200 ml during the second week a ...	2005	15970400
a novel galactooligosaccharide mixture increases the bifidobacterial population numbers in a continuous in vitro fermentation system and in the proximal colonic contents of pigs in vivo.	prebiotics are nondigestible food ingredients that encourage proliferation of selected groups of the colonic microflora, thereby altering the composition toward a more beneficial community. in the present study, the prebiotic potential of a novel galactooligosaccharide (gos) mixture, produced by the activity of galactosyltransferases from bifidobacterium bifidum 41171 on lactose, was assessed in vitro and in a parallel continuous randomized pig trial. in situ fluorescent hybridization with 16s r ...	2005	15987856
[substrate specificity of collagenase of streptomyces sp. 1349 and keratinase of streptomyces sp. 1382].	the paper determines the action specificity concerning the bonding type of collagenases of strepomyces sp. 1349 and keratinases of streptomyces sp. 1382. experimental data obtained evidence for the wide specificity of the obtained enzymatic drugs. it has been established that both collagenases and keratinases display high specificity in respect of the bonds made by the residues of hydrophobic amino acids. collagenases of streptomyces sp. 1349, as to their wide action specificity, differed from c ...	2005	16018211
determination of the cytotoxic effect of clostridium histolyticum culture supernatant on hela cells in the presence of protease inhibitors.	clostridium histolyticum culture supernatant contains numerous enzymes, which exert a cytotoxic effect on host cells. this includes lethal toxin, clostripain and high-potassium-sensitive toxin. since the number of c. histolyticum infections increased during the last several years, it seems worthwhile to evaluate whether protease inhibitors, used for the treatment of many diseases, could influence toxicity, and thus, pathogenicity of c. histolyticum. in this study we evaluated in vitro the influe ...	2005	16051065
differences between the gut microflora of children with autistic spectrum disorders and that of healthy children.	children with autistic spectrum disorders (asds) tend to suffer from severe gastrointestinal problems. such symptoms may be due to a disruption of the indigenous gut flora promoting the overgrowth of potentially pathogenic micro-organisms. the faecal flora of patients with asds was studied and compared with those of two control groups (healthy siblings and unrelated healthy children). faecal bacterial populations were assessed through the use of a culture-independent technique, fluorescence in s ...	2005	16157555
inhibition of collagenase by naturally-occurring flavonoids.	we examined the inhibitory activities of various flavonoids, including the flavanones, flavones/isoflavones and flavonols, on collagenase from clostridium histolyticum to establish their therapeutic potential against skin inflammation and photoaging. in general, the flavonols were stronger inhibitors than the flavones/isoflavones, and this indicated the importance of the c-3 hydroxyl substitution. quercetin was the most active flavonoid among those tested, and it showed an ic50 of 286 microm. th ...	2005	16276971
new worlds to explore.		2006	16439327
effect of a milk formula with prebiotics on the intestinal microbiota of infants after an antibiotic treatment.	antibiotics exert deleterious effects on the intestinal microbiota, favoring the emergence of opportunistic bacteria and diarrhea. prebiotics are nondigestible food components that stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria. our aim was to evaluate the effects on the intestinal microbiota of a prebiotic-supplemented milk formula after an antibiotic treatment. a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial was carried out in 140 infants 1-2 y of age distributed into two groups after a 1-wk amo ...	2006	16492988
vacuolization of hela cells by a partially purified clostridium histolyticum cytotoxin.	clostridium histolyticum vacuolating cytotoxin was partially purified from culture broth using ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. the toxin caused vacuolization of hela cells visible under a light microscope after 2 h and distinct after 8 h. transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of numerous vacuoles, condensation of the mitochondrial matrix, increased cytoplasm density and increased amounts of heterochromatin. apoptosis was ...	2006	16553808
prevalence and temporal stability of selected clostridial groups in irritable bowel syndrome in relation to predominant faecal bacteria.	the differences in faecal bacterial population between irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and control subjects have been reported in several studies. the aim of the present study was to compare the predominant and clostridial faecal microbiota of ibs subjects and healthy controls by applying denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and a recently developed multiplexed and quantitative hybridization-based technique, transcript analysis with the aid of affinity capture (trac). according to the r ...	2006	16585652
qsar analysis of some 5-amino-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole based inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases and bacterial collagenase.	a quantitative structure-activity relationship (qsar) study has been performed on 5-amino-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole based inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and a bacterial collagenase known as clostridium histolyticum collagenase (chc) to understand the structural features influencing the affinity of these inhibitors towards the enzyme. the compounds in the selected series were characterized by topological and fragmental descriptors calculated using quasar module of molecular ope ...	2006	16682189
molecular characterisation of the gut microflora of healthy and inflammatory bowel disease cats using fluorescence in situ hybridisation with special reference to desulfovibrio spp.	inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is a common cause of chronic large bowel diarrhoea in cats. although the aetiology of ibd is unknown, an immune-mediated response to a luminal antigen is thought to be involved. as knowledge concerning the colonic microflora of cats is limited and requires further investigation, the purpose of this study was to determine the presence of specific bacterial groups in normal and ibd cats, and the potential role they play in the health of the host. total bacterial po ...	2007	17217390
factors influencing the collagenase digestion phase of human islet isolation.	substantial advances in human islet isolation technology have occurred during the past decade. however, it is still difficult to recover the entire quantity of islets contained in a pancreas. a major obstacle to successful human islet isolation has been the variability of the collagenase digestion phase of islet isolation. future advances in enzyme technology will make it possible to optimally liberate islets with enzyme blends "tailor-made" for each individual donor pancreas. such innovative st ...	2007	17220782
analysis of contribution of collagen fibre component in viscoelastic behaviour of periodontal ligament using enzyme probe.	the aims of this study are to observe microscopic changes in the periodontal ligament (pdl) collagen fibres after collagenase treatment, to analyse stress-relaxation behaviour of pdl specimens treated with collagenase, and to elucidate the contribution of the collagen component to the viscoelastic behaviour of the pdl. transverse sections of rat mandibular first molars (n=24) were treated in vitro with 0, 8, 16, or 24 units of bacterial collagenase for 4h at 37 degrees c. histological specimens ...	2007	17266965
lethal factor of clostridium histolyticum kills cells by apoptosis.	in this study, for the first time, clostridium histolyticum lethal factor was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation of culture broth, centrifugation through an amicon filter device and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. the purified lethal factor was devoid of proteolytic activity. at a concentration of 150 ng ml(-1) the lethal factor killed 50% of hela cells within 24 h of exposure. abrogation of actin filaments, activation of caspases, fragmentation of nuclear dna as well as ultrastr ...	2007	17328764
jerusalem artichoke and chicory inulin in bakery products affect faecal microbiota of healthy volunteers.	a study was conducted to test the effects of jerusalem artichoke inulin (ja) or chicory inulin (ch) in snack bars on composition of faecal microbiota, concentration of faecal scfa, bowel habit and gastrointestinal symptoms. forty-five volunteers participated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. at the end of a 7 d run-in period, subjects were randomly assigned to three groups of fifteen subjects each, consuming either snack bars with ch or ja, or snack bars wi ...	2007	17445348
differences between the fecal microbiota of coeliac infants and healthy controls.	coeliac disease (cd) is an immune-mediated enteropathy with a multifactorial aetiology, characterized by chronic inflammation of the small intestinal mucosa. although evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to other chronic inflammatory disorders, its possible role in cd has not been determined. in this study, the composition of the fecal microbiota of coeliac children and age-matched controls was investigated by culture-dependent and -independent methodologies, using fluorescent i ...	2007	17489434
effect of bacterial collagenase on resin-dentin bonds degradation.	the objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a bacterial collagenase on the degradation of resin-dentin bonds. human dentin surfaces were bonded with: an etch-&-rinse self-priming adhesive (sb), a two-step self-etching primer/adhesive (seb), and a 1-step self-etching adhesive (oub). composite build-ups were constructed. the bonded teeth were stored (24 h, 3 months, 1 year) in distilled water or in a buffered bacterial collagenase solution. half of the specimens were stored as intact ...	2007	17569004
antiadhesive effects of mitomycin c and streptopeptidase a in rats with intraperitoneal adhesions.	intraabdominal adhesion formation is a frequent problem after major abdominal surgery. for many years, there have been various attempts to decrease adhesions by using systemic and local drugs and mechanical barriers. in this study we aimed to evaluate the antifibrinolytic antiadhesive effects of mitomycin c (mmc) and streptopeptidase a (sa) against intraabdominal adhesions. forty-eight rats were divided into six groups, each with eight rats. group 1 (sham group) rats were laparotomized by transv ...	2007	17579872
in vitro binding of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (mmp-2), mmp-9, and bacterial collagenase on collagenous wound dressings.	chronic wounds are characterized by failure in wound-healing response and a delay in healing or nonclosure of the wounds. this results in a high effort in clinical treatment and/or home care. a major difference between acute wounds and chronic wounds is the imbalance of proteinase inhibitors and proteinase activity that regulates the degradation and regeneration of the extracellular matrix proteins. collagen and collagen/oxidized regenerated cellulose dressings act as a competitive substrate for ...	2007	17650099
imbalance in the composition of the duodenal microbiota of children with coeliac disease.	coeliac disease (cd) is the most common immune-mediated enteropathy characterized by chronic inflammation of the small intestinal mucosa. the ingestion of gluten is responsible for the symptoms of cd, but other environmental factors are also thought to play a role in this disorder. in this study, the composition of the duodenal microbiota of coeliac children with active disease, symptom-free cd patients on a gluten-free diet and control children was determined. bacteriological analyses of duoden ...	2007	18033837
characterization of the gastrointestinal mucosa-associated microbiota of pigs and chickens using culture-based and molecular methodologies.	the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (git) can play an important role in the healthy status of farm animals and in the safety of the whole food chain. in this study, the mucosa-associated microbiota of the git of pigs and chickens was analyzed by culture methods and fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with flow cytometry (fcm-fish). in all pig git sections, lactic acid bacteria, enterobacteriaceae, atopobium, bacteroides, and clostridium histolyticum were the predominant bacteria ...	2007	18095433
1h, 13c and 15n resonance assignments of ca2+ bound collagen-binding domain derived from a clostridial collagenase.	(1)h, (15)n, and (13)c nmr assignments for 116 amino acids (gly893-lys1008) of a bacterial collagen-binding domain (cbd) derived from clostridium histolyticum class i collagenase were accomplished. clostridial collagenases hydrolyze insoluble collagen. one to three copies of collagen-binding domains (cbds) are present at their c-termini, each of which is the minimal segment required for the binding to the insoluble substrate. cbd has been shown to be able to anchor fused growth factors for up to ...	2008	19636886
structure of the claudin-binding domain of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin.	clostridium perfringens enterotoxin is a common cause of food-borne and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. the toxin's receptors on intestinal epithelial cells include claudin-3 and -4, members of a large family of tight junction proteins. toxin-induced cytolytic pore formation requires residues in the nh(2)-terminal half, whereas residues near the cooh terminus are required for binding to claudins. the claudin-binding cooh-terminal domain is not toxic and is currently under investigation as a pote ...	2008	17977833
a method of isolating the collagen (i) alpha2 chain carboxytelopeptide for species identification in bone fragments.	we present a novel method for the isolation and analysis of the bone collagen (i) alpha2 chain carboxytelopeptide as a species biomarker. conventional methods for the analysis and sequencing of mixtures of proteins and peptides commonly involve using the protease trypsin to cleave proteins present in the sample. however, in the study of collagen, these methods result in very complex mixtures of peptides that are difficult to analyze and the acquired results are not reproducible. here we use bact ...	2008	18164255
an internally quenched fluorescent substrate for collagenase.	a synthetic collagenase substrate containing the internal peptide sequence--gly-gly-pro-leu-gly-pro-pro-gly-pro--has been synthesized, with an n-terminus 4-((4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)azo)-benzoyl (dabcyl) group and c-terminus 5-[2-(acetamido)ethylamino] naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (aedans) moiety resulting in internal quenching of aedans fluorescence. peptide bond hydrolysis results in a large increase in fluorescence at 490 nm upon excitation at 336 nm. the substrate is cleaved exclusively by cl ...	2008	18260138
development and characterization of a collagen degradation assay to assess purified collagenase used in islet isolation.	a collagen degradation activity (cda) assay was developed to improve the biochemical characterization of purified collagenase used for islet isolation.	2008	18374061
in vitro fermentation of oat and barley derived beta-glucans by human faecal microbiota.	fermentation of beta-glucan fractions from barley [average molecular mass (mm), of 243, 172, and 137 kda] and oats (average mm of 230 and 150 kda) by the human faecal microbiota was investigated. fractions were supplemented to ph-controlled anaerobic batch culture fermenters inoculated with human faecal samples from three donors, in triplicate, for each substrate. microbiota changes were monitored by fluorescent in situ hybridization; groups enumerated were: bifidobacterium genus, bacteroides an ...	2008	18430007
crystallization and preliminary x-ray characterization of the catalytic domain of collagenase g from clostridium histolyticum.	the catalytic domain of collagenase g from clostridium histolyticum has been cloned, recombinantly expressed in escherichia coli and purified using affinity and size-exclusion column-chromatographic methods. crystals of the catalytic domain were obtained from 0.12 m sodium citrate and 23%(v/v) peg 3350 at 293 k. the crystals diffracted to 2.75 a resolution using synchrotron radiation. the crystals belong to an orthorhombic space group, with unit-cell parameters a = 57, b = 109, c = 181 a. this u ...	2008	18453715
molecular analysis of the digestive microbiota in a gnotobiotic mouse model during antibiotic treatment: influence of saccharomyces boulardii.	the probiotic saccharomyces boulardii is a non-pathogenic yeast that has been proven efficient in the prevention of antimicrobial-associated diarrhea and of clostridium difficile associated colitis. we evaluated the influence of the administration of s. boulardii on the composition of the fecal microbiota in a human microbiota-associated mouse model. this evaluation was run before, during and after a 7-day oral treatment with amoxicillin clavulanic acid. predominant groups of bacteria were quant ...	2008	18511310
broad-range pcr as a supplement to culture for detection of bacterial pathogens in patients with a clinically diagnosed spinal infection.	we aimed to evaluate broad-range pcr and subsequent sequencing compared to conventional culture in the diagnosis of spinal infection. the method was a prospective study of all patients admitted to aarhus university hospital for surgery during a 12-months period with a clinically diagnosed infection of the spine. samples from patients undergoing surgery for non-infectious causes (malignancy etc.) were included as control group. specimens were submitted to conventional culture and molecular invest ...	2008	18609207
high-level expression of his-tagged clostridial collagenase in clostridium perfringens.	clostridium histolyticum collagenase is used to isolate cells from various organs and tissues for tissue engineering, and also to treat destructive fibrosis; thus, the demand for high-grade enzyme preparations is increasing. in this study, we constructed a plasmid encoding c. histolyticum type ii collagenase (colh) with a c-terminal hexahistidine tag (colh-his) to facilitate the purification of the enzyme through immobilized metal affinity chromatography (imac). when colh-his was expressed in a ...	2008	18629492
[a mass-spectrometric approach to primary screening of collagenolytic enzymes].	a comparative analysis of maldi tof mass spectra of low-molecular products resulting from the hydrolysis of native collagen i by collagenases of various classes (bacterial metallocollagenase from clostridium histolyticum, serine collagenase from the morikrasa commercial preparation, cysteine collagenase from serratia proteomaculans, and cysteine collagenases from larvae of beetles dermestesfrischi and d. maculates) was carried out. the spectra contain a number of ion peaks common for all collage ...	2008	18672690
detrimental effect of excessive collagenase class ii on human islet isolation outcome.	commercially available purified collagenases, derived from clostridium histolyticum, contain two different classes of collagenase: class i collagenase (ci) and class ii collagenase (cii) at a predetermined ratio. in this study, using purified ci and cii in separate vials, we had a unique opportunity to investigate the effect of the proportion between two collagenase classes on clinical human islet isolation. pancreas organs derived from deceased donors were prospectively assigned to one of three ...	2008	18680482