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isolation and characterization of indigenous endophytic bacteria associated with leaves of switchgrass (panicum virgatum l.) cultivars.to isolate and characterize indigenous bacterial endophytes from cultivars of switchgrass and study their antimicrobial and growth promoting potential.201323190162
role of mechanical vs. chemical action in the removal of adherent bacillus spores during cip procedures.this study was designed to evaluate the respective roles of mechanical and chemical effects on the removal of bacillus spores during cleaning-in-place. this analysis was performed on 12 strains belonging to the bacillus cereus group (b. cereus, bacillus anthracis, bacillus thuringiensis) or to less related bacillus species (bacillus pumilus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus sporothermodurans, bacillus subtilis). adherent spores were subjected to rinsing-in-place (mechanical action) and cleaning- ...201323200646
subsurface associations of acaryochloris-related picocyanobacteria with oil-utilizing bacteria in the arabian gulf water body: promising consortia in oil sediment bioremediation.two picocyanobacterial strains related to acaryochloris were isolated from the arabian gulf, 3 m below the water surface, one from the north shore and the other from the south shore of kuwait. both strains were morphologically, ultrastructurally, and albeit to a less extend, phylogenetically similar to acaryochloris. however, both isolates lacked chlorophyll d and produced instead chlorophyll a, as the major photosynthetic pigment. both picocyanobacterial isolates were associated with oil-utiliz ...201223263237
isolation and characterization of lignin-degrading bacteria from rainforest soils.the deconstruction of lignin to enhance the release of fermentable sugars from plant cell walls presents a challenge for biofuels production from lignocellulosic biomass. the discovery of novel lignin-degrading enzymes from bacteria could provide advantages over fungal enzymes in terms of their production and relative ease of protein engineering. in this study, 140 bacterial strains isolated from soils of a biodiversity-rich rainforest in peru were screened based on their oxidative activity on a ...201323297115
improved activity and thermostability of bacillus pumilus lipase by directed evolution.to improve enzymatic activity of bacillus pumilus lipases, dna shuffling was applied to two lipase genes from local b. pumilus isolates. using a high-throughput activity assay, the mutant with highest activity was selected. this chimeric mutant (l3-3), carrying two crossover positions and three point mutations, has a specific activity 6.4 and 8.2 times higher than the two parent enzymes. the mutant also is more tolerant to various detergents and organic solvents, and has a 9 times longer half-li ...201323313890
development of a high-efficient transformation system of bacillus pumilus strain dx01 to facilitate gene isolation via gfp-tagged insertional mutagenesis and visualize bacterial colonization of rice roots.a tn5 transposition vector, pmod-tet-egfp, was constructed and used for the random insertional mutagenesis of bacillus pumilus. various parameters were investigated to increase the transformation efficiency b. pumilus dx01 via tn5 transposition complexes (transposome): bacterial growth phase, type of electroporation buffer, electric field strength, and recovery medium. transformation efficiency was up to 3 × 10(4) transformants/μg of dna under the optimized electroporation conditions, and a tota ...201323334949
degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by bacteria isolated from secondary sludge of a pulp and paper mill.bacterial strains capable of degrading trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tcp) were isolated from the secondary sludge of a pulp and paper mill and were characterized. these isolates were identified as planococcus rifietoensis (cl4) and bacillus pumilus (cl5), based on their 16s rrna sequence analysis. these isolates were able to grow and utilize 2,4,6-tcp as their source of carbon as well as energy. hplc analysis and stoichometric release of chloride in the medium confirmed the degradation ability of these ...201223337576
stimulated phytoextraction of metals from fly ash by microbial interventions.various combinations of fly ash tolerant bacteria isolated from the rhizospheric zone of typha latifolia naturally growing on a fly ash dump site were tested for enhanced metal uptake by brassica juncea grown in fly ash amended with press mud. after enrichment of the bacteria in a nutrient broth, they were subsequently applied to the rhizospheric zone of b. juncea in different combinations. when the metal analysis was done in the plants at their maturity, it was revealed that out of 11 bacterial ...201223393983
evaluation of bacterial flora during the ripening of kedong sufu, a typical chinese traditional bacteria-fermented soybean product.kedong sufu is a typical bacteria-fermented sufu in china. isolation and identification of the autochthonous bacteria involved would allow the design of specific starters for this speciality. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bacterial flora during the ripening of kedong sufu using polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) and culturing.201323400969
the supernatant of bacillus pumilus sqr-n43 has antifungal activity towards rhizoctonia solani.for clarification of the antagonistic mechanism of bacillus pumilus sqr-n43 (n43) against rhizoctonia solani q1, production of antibiotics by n43 was determined, and the effect of the antibiotics on the pathogen mycelium was microscopically observed. further more, the control efficiencies of the antifungal compounds on damping-off disease were investigated. the results obtained are listed as follows: n43 produced antibiotic substances towards r. solani q1 at logarithmic growth phase. the antibio ...201323417338
thermostable keratinase from bacillus pumilus ks12: production, chitin crosslinking and degradation of sup35nm aggregates.production of thermostable keratinase from bacillus pumilus ks12 was enhanced up to seven fold by statistical methods. the enzyme was partially purified by ultrafiltration followed by thermal precipitation with purity of 3.2-fold and recovery of 89%. keratinase was immobilized using covalent method by crosslinking 2 mg protein (688 u/mg) onto 1g chitin activated with 2.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde for 60 min. its comparative biochemical studies with that of free keratinase revealed the shift in optim ...201323425582
screening of solvent dependent antibacterial activity of prunus domestica.fruit of prunus domestica was extracted in ethanol. the ethanol extract was further extracted with two solvents ethyl acetate and chloroform. the crude ethanol extract and two fractions (ethyl acetate and chloroform) were screened for their antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method .they were tested against nine bacteria; five gram positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcuc intermedius, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus) and four gram negative bacteria (eschrichia ...201323455215
streptomyces lunalinharesii strain 235 shows the potential to inhibit bacteria involved in biocorrosion processes.four actinomycete strains previously isolated from brazilian soils were tested for their antimicrobial activity against bacillus pumilus lf-4 and desulfovibrio alaskensis ncimb 13491, bacteria that are well known to be involved in biofilm formation and biocorrosion. strain 235, belonging to the species streptomyces lunalinharesii, inhibited the growth of both bacteria. the antimicrobial activity was seen over a wide range of ph, and after treatment with several chemicals and heat but not with pr ...201323484107
sporicidal efficacy of ph-adjusted bleach for control of bioburden on production facility surfaces.ph-adjusted bleach was one of the agents used to disinfect contaminated public buildings in the usa following the 2001 bioterrorist attack with bacillus anthracis spores. a usepa fact sheet describes the preparation of ph-adjusted bleach by combining diluted sodium hypochlorite (naocl) with a controlled amount of 5 % acetic acid. this paper reports a modification of this procedure to qualify the use of ph-adjusted bleach for routine disinfection of cleanroom surfaces in pharmaceutical manufactur ...201323532317
biodiversity of aerobic endospore-forming bacterial species occurring in yanyanku and ikpiru, fermented seeds of hibiscus sabdariffa used to produce food condiments in benin.yanyanku and ikpiru made by the fermentation of malcavene bean (hibiscus sabdariffa) are used as functional additives for parkia biglobosa seed fermentations in benin. a total of 355 aerobic endospore-forming bacteria (aefb) isolated from yanyanku and ikpiru produced in northern and southern benin were identified using phenotypic and genotypic methods, including gtg5-pcr, m13-pcr, 16s rrna, gyra and gyrb gene sequencing. generally, the same 5-6 species of the genus bacillus predominated: bacillu ...201323571124
cota, a multicopper oxidase from bacillus pumilus wh4, exhibits manganese-oxidase activity.multicopper oxidases (mcos) are a family of enzymes that use copper ions as cofactors to oxidize various substrates. previous research has demonstrated that several mcos such as mnxg, mofa and moxa can act as putative mn(ii) oxidases. meanwhile, the endospore coat protein cota from bacillus species has been confirmed as a typical mco. to study the relationship between cota and the mn(ii) oxidation, the cota gene from a highly active mn(ii)-oxidizing strain bacillus pumilus wh4 was cloned and ove ...201323577125
covalent immobilization of xylanase produced from bacillus pumilus sv-85s on electrospun polymethyl methacrylate nanofiber membrane.polymethyl methacrylate (pmma) nanofiber membrane (nfm) was synthesized by an electrospinning technique. these membranes were utilized as a support for immobilization of xylanase enzyme to study its ph stability, thermal stability, and reusability. the morphology of aligned nfm was studied by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. the pmma nfm was functionalized with phenylenediamine and activated with glutaraldehyde to yield an aldehyde group on its surface for covalent immobiliza ...201323586605
ultraviolet-radiation-resistant isolates revealed cellulose-degrading species of cellulosimicrobium cellulans (uvp1) and bacillus pumilus (uvp4).among extremophiles, microorganisms resistant to ultraviolet radiation (uvr) have been known to produce a variety of metabolites (i.e., extremolytes). we hypothesized that natural microbial flora on elevated land (hills) would reveal a variety of uvr-resistant extremophiles and polyextremophiles with modulated proteins and enzymes that had biotechnological implications. microorganisms cellulosimicrobium cellulans uvp1 and bacillus pumilus uvp4 were isolated and identified using 16s rrna sequenci ...201223586916
pigmentation and sporulation are alternative cell fates in bacillus pumilus sf214.bacillus pumilus sf214 is a spore forming bacterium, isolated from a marine sample, able to produce a matrix and a orange-red, water soluble pigment. pigmentation is strictly regulated and high pigment production was observed during the late stationary growth phase in a minimal medium and at growth temperatures lower than the optimum. only a subpopulation of stationary phase cells produced the pigment, indicating that the stationary culture contains a heterogeneous cell population and that pigme ...201323634224
production of an alkaline protease using bacillus pumilus d3 without inactivation by sds, its characterization and purification.abstract in this study, protease-producing capacity of bacillus pumilus d3, isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated soil, was evaluated and optimized. optimum growing conditions for b. pumilus d3 in terms of protease production were determined as 1% optimum inoculum size, 35 °c temperature, 11 ph and 48 h incubation time, respectively. stability studies indicated that the mentioned protease was stable within the ph range of 7-10.5 and between 30 °c and 40 °c temperatures. surprisingly, the activi ...201423638694
generation of biologically contained, readily transformable, and genetically manageable mutants of the biotechnologically important bacillus pumilus.bacillus pumilus mutants were generated by targeted deletion of a set of genes eventually facilitating genetic handling and assuring biological containment. the well-defined and stable mutants do not form functional endospores due to the deletion of yqfd, an essential sporulation gene; they are affected in dna repair, as δuvrba rendered them uv hypersensitive and, thus, biologically contained; they are deficient for the uracil phosphoribosyl-transferase (δupp), allowing for 5-fluorouracil-based ...201323644770
isolation and biochemical characterization of bacillus pumilus lipases from the antarctic.lipase-producing bacterial strains were isolated from antarctic soil samples using the tricaprylin agar plate method. seven strains with relatively strong lipase activities were selected. all of them turned out to be bacillus pumilus strains by the 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. their corresponding lipase genes were cloned, sequenced, and compared. finally, three different bacillus pumilus lipases (bpl1, bpl2, and bpl3) were chosen. their amino acid sequence identities were in the range of 92- ...201323648856
wool-waste valorization: production of protein hydrolysate with high antioxidative potential by fermentation with a new keratinolytic bacterium, bacillus pumilus a1.wool, a recalcitrant waste mainly composed of keratin, constituted a serious problem for the environment and was not effectively valorized. this study reported the optimization of wool-waste biodegradation by a new keratinolytic bacterium bacillus pumilus a1. the in vitro digestibility and the antioxidant potential of wool protein hydrolysate (wph) were also investigated.201323663724
disruption of microbial biofilms by an extracellular protein isolated from epibiotic tropical marine strain of bacillus licheniformis.marine epibiotic bacteria produce bioactive compounds effective against microbial biofilms. the study examines antibiofilm ability of a protein obtained from a tropical marine strain of bacillus licheniformis d1.201323691235
antibiofilm activity of bacillus pumilus sw9 against initial biofouling on microfiltration membranes.membrane biofouling, resulting from biofilm formation on the membrane, has become the main obstacle hindering wider application of membrane technology. initial biofouling proves to be crucial which involves early stages of microbial adhesion and biofilm formation. biological control of microbial attachment seems to be a promising strategy due to its high efficiency and eco-friendliness. the present study investigated the effects of a bacterium bacillus pumilus sw9 on controlling the initial foul ...201423715854
isr meets sar outside: additive action of the endophyte bacillus pumilus inr7 and the chemical inducer, benzothiadiazole, on induced resistance against bacterial spot in field-grown pepper.induced resistance has been recognized as an attractive tool for plant disease management in modern agriculture. during the last two decades, studies on chemically- and biologically elicited induced resistance have revealed previously unknown features of the plant defense response including defense priming. as a biological trigger for induced resistance, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) are a group of root-associated bacteria that can reduce plant disease severity and incidence, and a ...201323717313
[bacillus pumilus strains with inactivated genes for extracellular serine proteinases]. 201323718049
application of thermostable xylanase of bacillus pumilus in textile processing.desizing of cotton and micropoly fabrics was done using thermostable xylanase from bacillus pumilus ash. micropoly fabric showed better desizing than cotton under same conditions. violet scale readings from the tegewa test after enzymatic desizing for 90 min at ph 7.0 and at 60°c showed the readings falling in the range of 4-5, indicating good desizing efficiency. during bioscouring the weight loss values and liberation of reducing sugars were highest when edta was used along with xylanase. the ...201123729886
enhanced phytotransformation of navy blue rx dye by petunia grandiflora juss. with augmentation of rhizospheric bacillus pumilus strain pgj and subsequent toxicity analysis.this study reveals the beneficial synergistic phytoremediation potential of petunia grandiflora juss. with its rhizospheric bacterial isolate bacillus pumilus strain pgj to decolorize reactive navy blue rx (nbrx) dye by their active enzymatic machinery. in vitro cultures of p. grandiflora and b. pumilus gave 80.01% and 76.80% while their consortium decolorized nbrx up to 96.86% within 36 h. significant induction in the enzyme activities of lignin peroxidase (207%), tyrosinase (133%), laccase (16 ...201323743429
rapid identification of dairy mesophilic and thermophilic sporeforming bacteria using dna high resolution melt analysis of variable 16s rdna regions.due to their ubiquity in the environment and ability to survive heating processes, sporeforming bacteria are commonly found in foods. this can lead to product spoilage if spores are present in sufficient numbers and where storage conditions favour spore germination and growth. a rapid method to identify the major aerobic sporeforming groups in dairy products, including bacillus licheniformis group, bacillus subtilis group, bacillus pumilus group, bacillus megaterium, bacillus cereus group, geoba ...201323743474
utilization of low-pressure plasma to inactivate bacterial spores on stainless steel screws.a special focus area of planetary protection is the monitoring, control, and reduction of microbial contaminations that are detected on spacecraft components and hardware during and after assembly. in this study, wild-type spores of bacillus pumilus safr-032 (a persistent spacecraft assembly facility isolate) and the laboratory model organism b. subtilis 168 were used to study the effects of low-pressure plasma, with hydrogen alone and in combination with oxygen and evaporated hydrogen peroxide ...201323768085
expression and biochemical characterization of cold-adapted lipases from antarctic bacillus pumilus strains.two lipase genes (bpl1 and bpl3) from antarctic bacillus pumilus strains were expressed in bacillus subtilis. both recombinant lipases bpl1 and bpl2 were secreted to the culture medium and their activities reached 3.5 u/ml and 5.0 u/ml, respectively. their molecular masses apparent using sds-page were 23 kda for bpl1 and 19 kda for bpl3. both lipases were purified to homogeneity using ammonium sulfate precipitation and hitrap sp ff column and superose 12 column chromatographies. the final specif ...201323770563
isolation and identification of bacterial endophytes from pharmaceutical agarwood-producing aquilaria species.resins and gums are used in traditional medicine and do have potential applications in pharmacy and medicine. agarwood is the fragrant resinous wood, which is an important commodity from aquilaria species and has been used as a sedative, analgesic, and digestive in traditional medicine. endophytic bacteria are potentially important in producing pharmaceutical compounds found in the plants. hence, it was important to understand which types of endophytic bacteria are associated with pharmaceutical ...201323798890
candidate genes that may be responsible for the unusual resistances exhibited by bacillus pumilus safr-032 spores.the spores of several bacillus species, including bacillus pumilus safr-032 and b. safensis fo-36b, which were isolated from the spacecraft assembly facility at nasa's jet propulsion laboratory, are unusually resistant to uv radiation and hydrogen peroxide. in order to identify candidate genes that might be associated with these resistances, the whole genome of b. pumilus safr-032, and the draft genome of b. safensis fo-36b were compared in detail with the very closely related type strain b. pum ...201323799069
an icebs1-like element may be associated with the extreme radiation and desiccation resistance of bacillus pumilus safr-032 spores.comparisons of the genomes of bacillus pumilus safr-032 and the closely related type strain, b. pumilus atcc7061(t), exposed an extended region of non-homologous genes. a detailed examination of this region revealed the presence of an icebs1-like integrative conjugative element in safr-032. a similar element was subsequently located elsewhere in the atcc7061(t) genome. a detailed comparison of these elements and the icebs1 of b. subtilis revealed extremely rapid flux in gene content, genome orga ...201323812891
a novel cephalosporin deacetylating acetyl xylan esterase from bacillus subtilis with high activity toward cephalosporin c and 7-aminocephalosporanic acid.a cephalosporin deacetylating acetyl xylan esterase was cloned from the genomic dna of bacillus subtilis cicc 20034 and functionally expressed in escherichia coli. its gene contained an open reading frame of 957 bp encoding 318 amino acids with a calculated mass of 35,607 da, and it displayed significant identity to acetyl xylan esterases from bacillus sp. 916, b. subtilis 168, and bacillus pumilus cect5072. the enzyme was a native homohexamer but a trimer under the condition of 1% sodium dodecy ...201423828600
optimization of chitin extraction from shrimp waste with bacillus pumilus a1 using response surface methodology.chitin extraction from shrimp shells by biological treatment, using the bacilli bacillus pumilus a1, is a non-polluting method and offers the opportunity to preserve the exceptional qualities of chitin and its derivatives. however, the major disadvantage of the fermentative way is the low efficiency of demineralization and deproteinization. the aim of this study is to improve the yield of extraction which depends on many factors, such as the medium composition and the physical parameters. in ord ...201323831901
synthesis and biological evaluation of bis-imidazolidineiminothiones: a comparative study.a series of 15 novel symmetrical and non-symmetrical bis-imidazolidineiminothiones (6a-g, 7a-e, 8a,b, and 9) with various substituents at n-(1) (p-tolyl, p-methoxyphenyl, p-ethoxyphenyl, p-chlorophenyl, p-bromophenyl, p-iodophenyl, and 3,5-dichlorophenyl) and different linkers between the n-(3) atoms [4,4'-oxybis(4,1-phenylene), 2,2'-dimethoxybiphenyl, and (1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexyl)methyl)] were prepared in 65-75% yields from substituted n-arylcyanothioformanilides and various bis-isocyanates. ...201323836516
[properties of bacillus pumilus subtilisin like proteinase secreted from recombinant strain on different growth stages].bacillus pumilus 3-19 glutamylendopeptidase has been isolated from culture liquid of bacillus subtilis recombinant strain on different growth stages: growth retardation (early enzyme) and stationary phase (late enzyme). the effect of purified proteinase of different growth stages on insulin beta-chain, protein and oligopeptide substrates has been studied. comparative study of physicochemical properties of early and late proteinases was carried out. two protein fractions were different in catalyt ...201323844506
bioinspired inimitable cadmium telluride quantum dots for bioimaging purposes.synthesis of quantum nanoparticles of specific size, shape and composition are an aspect important in nanotechnology research. although these nanostructures are routinely synthesized by chemical routes, the use of microorganisms has emerged as a promising option. the synthesis of cadmium telluride (cdte) quantum dots by two hitherto unreported marine bacteria (bacillus pumilus and serratia marcescens) is reported here. ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) spectroscopy indicated the synthesis of cdte nan ...201323862414
improving the chitinolytic activity of bacillus pumilus sg2 by random mutagenesis.bacillus pumilus sg2, a halotolerant strain, expresses two major chitinases designated chis and chil that were induced by chitin and secreted into the supernatant. the present work aimed to obtain a mutant with higher chitinolytic activity through mutagenesis of bacillus pumilus sg2 using a combination of uv irradiation and nitrous acid treatment. following mutagenesis and screening on chitin agar and subsequent formation of halos, the mutated strains were examined for degradation of chitin unde ...201323867702
structural and functional insight into an unexpectedly selective n-methyltransferase involved in plantazolicin biosynthesis.plantazolicin (pzn), a polyheterocyclic, n(α),n(α)-dimethylarginine-containing antibiotic, harbors remarkably specific bactericidal activity toward strains of bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. previous studies demonstrated that genetic deletion of the s-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent methyltransferase from the pzn biosynthetic gene cluster results in the formation of desmethylpzn, which is devoid of antibiotic activity. here we describe the in vitro reconstitution, mutational ...201323878226
genomic characterization of six novel bacillus pumilus bacteriophages.twenty-eight bacteriophages infecting the local host bacillus pumilus bl-8 were isolated, purified, and characterized. nine genomes were sequenced, of which six were annotated and are the first of this host submitted to the public record. the 28 phages were divided into two groups by sequence and morphological similarity, yielding 27 cluster bpa phages and 1 cluster bpb phage, which is a bl-8 prophage. most of the bpa phages have a host range restricted to distantly related strains, b. pumilus a ...201323906709
reducing the radiation sterilization dose improves mechanical and biological quality while retaining sterility assurance levels of bone allografts.bone allografts carry a risk of infection, so terminal sterilization by gamma irradiation at 25kgy is recommended; but is deleterious to bone quality. contemporary bone banking significantly reduces initial allograft bioburden, questioning the need to sterilize at 25kgy.201323912050
an assay for functional xylose transporters in saccharomyces cerevisiae.it has been considered that more efficient uptake of xylose could promote increased xylose metabolic capacity of several microorganisms. in this study, an assay to screen xylose transporters was established in the saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, which expresses the xylosidase gene of bacillus pumilus intracellularly. the absorbed xylose analog p-nitrophenyl-β-d-xylopyranoside (pnpx) rapidly hydrolyzed to p-nitrophenol (pnp), which displayed a yellow tint when exposed to xylosidase in vivo. the ...201323928049
novel method utilizing microbial treatment for cleaner production of diosgenin from dioscorea zingiberensis c.h. wright (dzw).a novel method utilizing microbial treatment for cleaner production of diosgenin from dioscorea zingiberensis c.h. wright (dzw) was presented. a new bacillus pumilus hr19, which has the great ability to secrete pectinase, was screened and applied in the microbial treatment. low-pressure steam expansion pretreatment (lsep) was employed in advance to assist microbial treatment efficiently in releasing saponins, which are the precursors of diosgenin. compared with the traditional process of acid hy ...201323973974
a possible mechanism of action of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) strain bacillus pumilus wp8 via regulation of soil bacterial community structure.according to the traditional view, establishment and maintenance of critical population densities in the rhizosphere was the premise of pgpr to exert growth-promoting effects. in light of the facts that soil bacterial community structures can be changed by some pgpr strains including bacillus pumilus wp8, we hypothesize that regulation of soil bacterial community structure is one of the plant growth-promoting mechanisms of b. pumilus wp8, rather than depending on high-density cells in soil. in t ...201324005176
studies on degradation efficiency of polycaprolactone by a naturally-occurring bacterium.we report a strain of bacillus, isolated from the rhizosphere of the mangrove sesuvium portulacastrum, that degrades polycaprolactone (pcl) on timescales that are a factor of three shorter than hitherto reported, with complete degradation in only 20 days. the bacterium has been identified as bacillus pumilus by means of 16s rrna gene sequencing and fame analysis; it secretes proteases and lipases and its 'de-polymerase' activity is evident by the zone of clearing in emulsified pcl. it is an aero ...201324006806
draft genome sequence of bacillus pumilus ccma-560, isolated from an oil-contaminated mangrove swamp.bacillus pumilus strain ccma-560 was isolated from an oil-contaminated mangrove swamp and was shown to produce biosurfactants. the strain appears to be capable of degrading some plant cell wall-related compounds, including hemicelluose and pectin. genes for biopolymer export and polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis were also annotated.201324029758
biochemical and molecular characterization of bacillus pumilus isolated from coastal environment in cochin, india.bacillus species constitute a diverse group of bacteria widely distributed in soil and the aquatic environment. in this study, bacillus strains isolated from the coastal environment of cochin, india were identified by detailed conventional biochemical methods, fatty acid methyl ester (fame) analysis and partial 16s rdna sequencing. analysis of the data revealed that bacillus pumilus was the most predominant species in the region under study followed by b. cereus and b. sphaericus. the b. pumilus ...200924031357
use of bacillus pumilus cbmai 0008 and paenibacillus sp. cbmai 868 for colour removal from paper mill effluent.bacillus pumilus and paenibacillus sp. were applied on the paper mill effluent to investigate the colour remotion. inocula were individually applied in effluent at ph 7.0, 9.0 and 11.0. the real colour and cod remotion after 48h at ph 9.0 were, respectively, 41.87% and 22.08% for b. pumilus treatment and 42.30% and 22.89% for paenibacillus sp. gel permeation chromatography was used to verify the molar masses of compounds in the non-treated and treated effluent, showing a decrease in the compound ...200924031372
purification and partial characterization of manganese peroxidase from bacillus pumilus and paenibacillus sp.the production of manganese peroxidase (mnp) from bacillus pumilus and paenibacillus sp. was studied under absence and presence of the inducers indulin at, guayacol, veratryl alcohol, lignosulfonic acid and lignosulfonic acid desulfonated. indulin at increased the activity of b. pumilus mnp up to 31.66 u/l after 8 h, but no improve was observed for paenibacillus sp., which reached maximum activity (12.22 u/l) after 20 h. both mnps produced by these microorganisms were purified in phenyl sepharos ...200924031429
evaluation of copper resistant bacteria from vineyard soils and mining waste for copper biosorption.vineyard soils are frequently polluted with high concentrations of copper due application of copper sulfate in order to control fungal diseases. bioremediation is an efficient process for the treatment of contaminated sites. efficient copper sorption bacteria can be used for bioremoval of copper from contaminated sites. in this study, a total of 106 copper resistant bacteria were examined for resistance to copper toxicity and biosorption of copper. eighty isolates (45 from vineyard mollisol, 35 ...201124031606
production and characterization of alkaline protease from hemoglobin-degrading bacillus pumilus njm4 to produce fermented blood meal.the aim of the research was to isolate the hemoglobin-degrading bacterial strain to produce fermented blood meal and to characterize the protease produced by this strain. the strain njm4, a kind of hemoglobin-degrading bacterial strain, was isolated by blood agar plates from slaughterhouse and identified as a bacillus pumilus by physiological, biochemical, and morphological characteristics and by 16s rrna gene sequencing. bacillus pumilus njm4 could degrade hemoglobin up to 85% in 36 h under the ...201224082276
biological and genomic analysis of a pbsx-like defective phage induced from bacillus pumilus ab94180.defective prophages, which are found in the genomes of many bacteria, are unable to complete a viral replication cycle and propagate in their hosts as healthy prophages. they package random dna fragments derived from various sites of the host chromosome instead of their own genomes. in this study, we characterized a defective phage, pbp180, which was induced from bacillus pumilus ab94180 by treatment with mitomycin c. electron microscopy showed that the pbp180 particle has a head with a hexagona ...201424154951
bacillus xiamenensis sp. nov., isolated from intestinal tract contents of a flathead mullet (mugil cephalus).a taxonomic study was carried out on strain hyc-10(t), which was isolated from the intestinal tract contents of a flathead mullet, mugil cephalus, captured from the sea off xiamen island, china. the bacterium was observed to be gram positive, oxidase and catalase positive, rod shaped, and motile by subpolar flagella. the bacterium was found to grow at salinities of 0-12 % and at temperatures of 8-45 °c. the isolate was found to hydrolyze aesculin and gelatin, but was unable to reduce nitrate to ...201424158533
novel extremely acidic lipases produced from bacillus species using oil substrates.the extremely acidophilic microorganisms bacillus pumilus and bacillus subtilis were isolated from soil collected from the commercial edible oil and fish oil extraction industry. optimization of conditions for acidic lipase production from b. pumilus and b. subtilis using palm oil and fish oil, respectively, was carried out using response surface methodology. the extremely acidic lipases, thermo-tolerant acidic lipase (tal) and acidic lipase (al), were produced by b. pumilus and b. subtilis, res ...201424185617
distribution of alginate genes in bacterial isolates from corroded metal surfaces.the distribution of alginate genes encoding biosynthesis of alginate was examined for bacterial isolates associated with corrosive biofilms recovered from source water, cooling lines, and reactor surfaces of a nuclear power plant. a total of 120 diverse gram-positive and -negative isolates were obtained. using dna:dna hybridization, 11 isolates were shown to contain sequences homologous to structural (algd, algg, alg-76) and/or regulatory (albb) alginate biosynthetic genes derived from an algina ...199424190336
biodegradation of low-density polyethylene by marine bacteria from pelagic waters, arabian sea, india.sixty marine bacteria isolated from pelagic waters were screened for their ability to degrade low-density polyethylene; among them, three were positive and able to grow in a medium containing polythene as the sole carbon source. the positive isolates were identified as kocuria palustris m16, bacillus pumilus m27 and bacillus subtilis h1584 based on the 16s rrna gene sequence homology. the weight loss of polyethylene was 1%, 1.5% and 1.75% after 30 days of incubation with the m16, m27 and h1584 i ...201324210946
phylogenetic diversity of the bacillus pumilus group and the marine ecotype revealed by multilocus sequence analysis.bacteria closely related to bacillus pumilus cannot be distinguished from such other species as b. safensis, b. stratosphericus, b. altitudinis and b. aerophilus simply by 16s rrna gene sequence. in this report, 76 marine strains were subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on 7 housekeeping genes to understand the phylogeny and biogeography in comparison with other origins. a phylogenetic tree based on the 7 housekeeping genes concatenated in the order of gyrb-rpob-pyca-pyre-mutl-aroe-trpb was ...201324244618
optimization of chitinase production by bacillus pumilus using plackett-burman design and response surface methodology.a soil bacterium capable of degrading chitin on chitin agar plates was isolated and identified as bacillus pumilus isolate u5 on the basis of 16s rdna sequence analysis. in order to optimize culture conditions for chitinase production by this bacterium, a two step approach was employed. first, the effects of several medium components were studied using the plackett-burman design. among various components tested, chitin and yeast extract showed positive effect on enzyme production while mgso4 and ...201124250411
characterization of cis-acting elements residing in the chitinase promoter of bacillus pumilus sg2.bacillus pumilus sg2 is a chitinolytic bacterium that produces two chitinases, namely chis and chil. the chis and chil genes are consecutively expressed under a common promoter. regulation of the chis and chil genes is under the control of carbon catabolite repression (ccr) in b. pumilus. this study aimed to investigate the cis-acting elements of the chitinase promoter. for this purpose, we transferred the chis gene along with its specific promoter to bacillus subtilis as a host. primer extensio ...201424293243
lipase production from a novel thermo-tolerant and extreme acidophile bacillus pumilus using palm oil as the substrate and treatment of palm oil-containing wastewater.the thermo-tolerant and extreme acidophilic microorganism bacillus pumilus was isolated from the soil collected from a commercial edible-oil extraction industry. optimisation of conditions for the lipase production was conducted using response surface methodology. the optimum conditions for obtaining the maximum activity (1,100 u/ml) of extremely acidic thermostable lipase were fermentation time, 96 h; ph, 1; temperature, 50 °c; and concentration of palm oil, 50 g/l. after purification, a 7.1-fo ...201424293300
complete genome of bacillus pumilus siphophage blastoid.phage blastoid is a siphophage that infects bacillus pumilus. b. pumilus is widely used in agriculture but has recently been linked to cases of food poisoning. here, we report the complete genome of blastoid and discuss unique genomic characteristics.201324309724
complete genome of bacillus pumilus siphophage glittering.bacillus pumilus is a gram-positive bacterium widely used in agriculture both as an antifungal and as a growth-promoting symbiont. b. pumilus is rarely infectious but has recently been shown to infect humans. here, we present the complete genome of b. pumilus phage glittering, a potential biocontrol agent for b. pumilus.201324309725
complete genome of bacillus pumilus siphophage riggi.bacillus pumilus is primarily used in the agricultural industry to promote plant growth and provide resistance to bacterial and fungal plant diseases. it has recently, however, been shown to cause disease in humans. here, we announce the complete genome of b. pumilus phage riggi.201324309728
physical impaction injury effects on bacterial cells during spread plating influenced by cell characteristics of the organisms.to understand the factors that contribute to the variations in colony-forming units (cfu) in different bacteria during spread plating.201424314107
2,5-diketopiperazines produced by bacillus pumilus during bacteriolysis of arthrobacter citreus.we report the detection by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses of the secreted 2,5-diketopiperazines (dkps) cyclo(-ala-pro), cyclo(-gly-pro), cyclo(-val-pro), cyclo(-ile-pro), cyclo(-leu-pro), cyclo(-pro-pro), cyclo(-hyp-pro), cyclo(-met-pro), and cyclo(-phe-pro) produced by bacillus pumilus. the study focuses on a marine isolate and a laboratory test strain of b. pumilus with capabilities to lyse pregrown living cell lawns of different bacte ...201424449388
bacillus pumilus reveals a remarkably high resistance to hydrogen peroxide provoked oxidative stress.bacillus pumilus is characterized by a higher oxidative stress resistance than other comparable industrially relevant bacilli such as b. subtilis or b. licheniformis. in this study the response of b. pumilus to oxidative stress was investigated during a treatment with high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide at the proteome, transcriptome and metabolome level. genes/proteins belonging to regulons, which are known to have important functions in the oxidative stress response of other organisms, we ...201424465625
the discovery of phiagate, a novel phage infecting bacillus pumilus, leads to new insights into the phylogeny of the subfamily spounavirinae.the bacillus phage phiagate is a novel myovirus isolated from the waters of lake góreckie (a eutrophic lake in western poland). the bacteriophage infects bacillus pumilus, a bacterium commonly observed in the mentioned reservoir. analysis of the phiagate genome (149844 base pairs) resulted in 204 predicted protein-coding sequences (cdss), of which 53 could be functionally annotated. further investigation revealed that the bacteriophage is a member of a previously undescribed cluster of phages (f ...201424466180
elaboration of a subtenolin-like antibiotic by bacillus pumilus. 195324542338
characterization and a point mutational approach of a psychrophilic lipase from an arctic bacterium, bacillus pumilus.a bacterium with lipolytic activity was isolated from the chukchi sea within the arctic ocean. the lipase bpl5 from the isolate, bacillus pumilus arcl5, belongs to subfamily 4 of lipase family i. the optimum ph and temperature of the recombinant enzyme bpl5, as expressed in escherichia coli, were 9.0 and 20 °c, respectively. the enzyme retained 85 % of its activity at 5 °c. there was a significant difference between temperatures for maximal activity (20 °c) and for protein denaturation (approx. ...201424563306
evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a marine-derived bacillus strain for use as an in-feed probiotic for newly weaned pigs.forty eight individual pigs (8.7±0.26 kg) weaned at 28±1 d of age were used in a 22-d study to evaluate the effect of oral administration of a bacillus pumilus spore suspension on growth performance and health indicators. treatments (n = 16) were: (1) non-medicated diet; (2) medicated diet with apramycin (200 mg/kg) and pharmacological levels of zinc oxide (2,500 mg zinc/kg) and (3) b. pumilus diet (non-medicated diet + 10(10) spores/day b. pumilus). final body weight and average daily gain tend ...201424586349
exploitation of starch industry liquid by-product to produce bioactive peptides from rice hydrolyzed proteins.small peptides show higher antioxidant capacity than native proteins and may be absorbed in the intestine without further digestion. in our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (alcalase, neutrase, flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of bacillus spp. and the released peptides were tested for antioxidant activity. among enzymes, alcalase was the most performing, while microbial proteolytic activity was less efficient. converse ...201424594175
induced phytoremediation of metals from fly ash mediated by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria.a study was carried out to observe the impact of a consortium of bacteria isolated from the fly ash on the metal accumulation by t. latifolia. when a consortium of bacteria bacillus endophyticus nbrft4 (mtcc 9021), paenibacillus macerans nbrfts (mtcc 8912) and bacillus pumilus nbrft9 (mtcc 8913) was bioaugmented into the rhizosphere of t. latifolia, it enhanced the metal concentration in root, stem and leaves of the plants through increased bioavailability of metals fe, cd, pb, cr, ni, cu and zn ...201324640248
bacillus pumilus s124a carboxymethyl cellulase; a thermo stable enzyme with a wide substrate spectrum utility.bacillus pumilus s124a was identified as carboxymethyl cellulase producing bacteria from azorean bacillus collection (lab collection), which was isolated in local soils. the bacterium was identified by 16s rrna sequence and designated as bacillus pumilus s124a. ncbi-blast analysis showed b. pumilus s124a; 16s rrna sequence has high identity to other b. pumilus strains. phylogenetic analysis showed b. pumilus s124a close to b. pumilus lzbp14 strain. cmcellulase was purified from cells-free supern ...201424657377
developing a new production host from a blueprint: bacillus pumilus as an industrial enzyme producer.since volatile and rising cost factors such as energy, raw materials and market competitiveness have a significant impact on the economic efficiency of biotechnological bulk productions, industrial processes need to be steadily improved and optimized. thereby the current production hosts can undergo various limitations. to overcome those limitations and in addition increase the diversity of available production hosts for future applications, we suggest a production strain blueprinting (psb) stra ...201424661794
an alkali-thermostable xylanase from bacillus pumilus functionally expressed in kluyveromyces lactis and evaluation of its deinking efficiency.this work aimed at studying the recombinant expression of an alkali- and thermo-stable xylanase from bacillus pumilus in kluyveromyces lactis and its use in deinking of civic paper waste. efficient expression with a 3-fold increase in the activity than the native organism was achieved. an inducer concentration of 2.5% and medium ph of 9.0 was the best for enzyme expression. purified enzyme showed an optimum activity at temperatures 50 and 60°c and ph 9.0 and 10.0, respectively. at ph 12.0, enzym ...201424709528
the human immune system recognizes neopeptides derived from mitochondrial dna deletions.mutations in mitochondrial (mt) dna accumulate with age and can result in the generation of neopeptides. immune surveillance of such neopeptides may allow suboptimal mitochondria to be eliminated, thereby avoiding mt-related diseases, but may also contribute to autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. to date, the direct recognition of neo-mtpeptides by the adaptive immune system has not been demonstrated. in this study we used bioinformatics approaches to predict mhc binding of neopeptides iden ...201424733843
composition, functional properties and in vitro antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysates prepared from sardinelle (sardinella aurita) muscle.composition, functional properties and in vitro antioxidative activities of protein hydrolysates prepared from muscle of sardinelle (sardinella aurita) were investigated. sardinelle protein hydrolysates (sph) were obtained by treatment with crude enzyme preparations from bacillus pumilus a1 (spha1), bacillus mojavensis a21 (spha21) and crude enzyme extract from sardinelle (sardinella aurita) viscera (sphee). the protein hydrolysates spha1, spha21 and sphee contained high protein content 79.1%, 7 ...201424741155
draft genome sequence of bacillus pumilus fairview, an isolate recovered from a microbial methanogenic enrichment of coal seam gas formation water from queensland, australia.despite its global abundance, bacillus pumilus is poorly studied. the fairview strain was obtained from a methanogenic anaerobic coal digester. the draft genome sequence was 3.8 mbp long and contained 3,890 protein-coding genes. like the safr-032 strain, it includes b. pumilus-specific proteins that likely confer enhanced resistance to environmental stresses.201424744330
genome sequence of bacillus pumilus mtcc b6033.bacillus pumilus is a gram-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium isolated from the soil. b. pumilus strain b6033 was originally selected as a biocatalyst for the stereospecific oxidation of β-lactams. here, we present a 3.8-mb assembly of its genome, which is the second fully assembled genome of a b. pumilus strain.201424744340
enhanced degradation of textile effluent in constructed wetland system using typha domingensis and textile effluent-degrading endophytic bacteria.textile effluent is one of the main contributors of water pollution and it adversely affects fauna and flora. constructed wetland is a promising approach to remediate the industrial effluent. the detoxification of industrial effluent in a constructed wetland system may be enhanced by applying beneficial bacteria that are able to degrade contaminants present in industrial effluent. the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of inoculation of textile effluent-degrading endophytic bacteria ...201424755300
pgpr regulate caspase-like activity, programmed cell death, and antioxidant enzyme activity in paddy under salinity.the response of two root associated bacteria pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes and bacillus pumilus were studied in the (salt-sensitive) rice gj17 cultivar to salinity under controlled environmental growth conditions for protection of plant from adverse effect of salinity. salinity affects the growth of salt-sensitive cultivar, but inoculation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) reduces the harmful effect of salinity. the present study states that pgpr helps to reduce lipid peroxidation a ...201424757324
in vitro assessment of marine bacillus for use as livestock probiotics.six antimicrobial-producing seaweed-derived bacillus strains were evaluated in vitro as animal probiotics, in comparison to two bacillus from an eu-authorized animal probiotic product. antimicrobial activity was demonstrated on solid media against porcine salmonella and e. coli. the marine isolates were most active against the latter, had better activity than the commercial probiotics and bacillus pumilus wit 588 also reduced e. coli counts in broth. all of the marine bacillus tolerated physiolo ...201424796302
the combined effect of pasteurization intensity, water activity, ph and incubation temperature on the survival and outgrowth of spores of bacillus cereus and bacillus pumilus in artificial media and food products.the objective of the study was to evaluate the combined effects of pasteurization intensity (no heat treatment and 10 min at 70, 80 and 90 °c), water activity (aw) (0.960-0.990), ph (5.5-7.0) and storage temperature (7 and 10 °c) on the survival and outgrowth of psychrotolerant spores of bacillus cereus ff119b and bacillus pumilus ff128a. the experiments were performed in both artificial media and a validation was performed on real food products (cream, béchamel sauce and mixed vegetable soup). ...201424801270
iterative genome correction largely improves proteomic analysis of nonmodel organisms.the current application and development of proteomic studies typically depend on the availability of sequenced genomes. protein identification based on the detected peptides with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry is limited by the absence of sequenced genomes in many nonmodel organisms. in this study, we demonstrated a new strategy based on our stable, accurate, and error-tolerant fanse (fast and accurate mapping tool for nucleotide sequencing datasets) mapping algorithm to correct ...201424809469
molecular characterization of cellulose-degrading bacillus pumilus from the soil of tea garden, darjeeling hills, india.bio-fuel produced from ethanol is economically and environmentally advantageous in context of changing global climate. a large number of microorganisms are capable of cellulase production but most of them cannot be utilized commercially due to their low activity. in the present study, an effiecient cellulose degrading strain of bacillus pumilus was obtained after thorough screening for the production of extracellular cellulases. out of a total of 144 microbes isolated from soils of darjeeling hi ...201424813013
variations in the structure of airborne bacterial communities in a downwind area during an asian dust (kosa) event.asian dust (kosa) events transport airborne microorganisms that significantly impact biological ecosystems, human health, and ice-cloud formation in downwind areas. however, the composition and population dynamics of airborne bacteria have rarely been investigated in downwind areas during kosa events. in this study, air samplings were sequentially performed at the top of a 10-m high building within the kosa event arrival area (kanazawa city, japan) from may 1 to may 7, 2011, during a kosa event. ...201424815557
exo-pectinase production by bacillus pumilus using different agricultural wastes and optimizing of medium components using response surface methodology.in this research, the production of exo-pectinase by bacillus pumilus using different agricultural wastes was studied. agricultural wastes containing pectin such as wheat bran, sugar beet pulp, sunflower plate, orange peel, banana peel, apple pomace and grape pomace were tested as substrates, and activity of exo-pectinase was determined only in the mediums containing sugar beet pulp and wheat bran. then, effects of parameters such as concentrations of solid substrate (wheat bran and sugar beet p ...201424819433
asterisulphoxide and asterisulphone: two new antibacterial and antifungal metabolites from the tunisian asteriscus maritimus (l.) less.two new sulphur-containing metabolites, asterisulphoxide 1 and asterisulphone 2, together with six known compounds, coniferaldehyde 4, 4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzaldehyde 3, methylcaffeate 5, isobutyrate 10-isobutyryloxy-8,9-epoxythymyle 6, 8,9-dihydroxy-10-isobutyryloxythymol 7 and 8-hydroxy-9,14-diisobutyryloxythymol 8, were isolated from asteriscus maritimus roots. their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and comparison with authentic samples. compounds 1-8 were ass ...201424824823
draft genome sequence of bacillus pumilus 7p, isolated from the soil of the tatarstan republic, russia.here, we present a draft genome sequence of bacillus pumilus strain 7p. this strain was isolated from soil as an extracellular rnase-producing microorganism. the rnase of b. pumilus 7p is considered to be a potential antiviral and therapeutic antitumor agent, and it might be appropriate for agriculture and academic synthesis of oligoribonucleotides.201424926064
identification and characterization of the sudanese bacillus thuringiensis and related bacterial strains for their efficacy against helicoverpa armigera and tribolium castaneum.forty-four isolates of bacillus thuringiensis like bacteria from various sources in different locations from sudan were tested for their insecticidal activity. the toxicity of these isolates ranged from 6.6 to 70% to the neonates of cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera at 10 ppm concentration. the most effective ones are kb-29, st-6 and wh-1 comparable with hd-1. toxicity of isolates to larvae of the red flour beetle, tribolium castaneum ranged from 20 to 100%. isolates st-2 and st-23 gave 100% ...201424956895
screening of marine bacteria with bacteriocin-like activities and probiotic potential for ornate spiny lobster (panulirus ornatus) juveniles.bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides, which have been found in diverse bacterial species of terrestrial origins and some from the sea. new bacteriocins with new characteristics, new origins and new applications are likely still awaiting discovery. the present study screened bacteria isolated from marine animals of interest to the aquaculture industry for antimicrobial and bacteriocin-like activities in order to uncover biodiversity of bacteriocin producers, and explore ...201424969424
[screening and identification of bacillus pumilus producing double active protein of anticoagulation and thrombolysis].the aim of this study was to screen bacteria that can produce antithrombotic.201424984527
bacillus pumilus es4: candidate plant growth-promoting bacterium to enhance establishment of plants in mine tailings.three plant growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb; bacillus pumilus es4, b. pumilus rizo1, and azospirillum brasilense cd) were tested for their ability to enhance plant growth and development of the native sonoran desert shrub quailbush (atriplex lentiformis) and for their effect on the native bacterial community in moderately acidic, high-metal content (ahmt) and in neutral, low metal content natural tailings (nlmt) in controlled greenhouse experiments. inoculation of quailbush with all three pgpb s ...201025009362
expression of concern: bacillus pumilus reveals a remarkably high resistance to hydrogen peroxide provoked oxidative stress. 201425010116
new derivatives of nonactic and homononactic acids from bacillus pumilus derived from breynia fruticosa.six new nonactic and homononactic acid derivatives, ethyl homononactate (1), ethyl nonactate (2), homononactyl homononactate (6), ethyl homononactyl nonactate (7), ethyl homononactyl homononactate (8), and ethyl nonactyl nonactate (9), as well as four known compounds, homononactic acid (3), nonactic acid (4), homononactyl nonactate (5), and bishomononactic acid (10), were isolated from culture broth of bacillus pumilus derived from breynia fruticosa. the structures of new compounds were elucidat ...201425044594
characterization of industrially-valuable xylano-pectinolytic enzymes produced concurrently by a novel isolate of bacillus pumilus.xylanase and polygalacturonase were concurrently produced by a novel alkalo-thermotolerant bacillus pumilus ajk. they were purified and characterized to evaluate their potential for various industrial applications. xylanase was purified to 19-fold with 67 % recovery and polygalacturonase up to 23-fold with 75 % recovery. existence of multiple forms of xylanase was indicated by its elution-profile through sephadex g-100 as two peaks, xylanase-i and xylanase-ii, with molecular weights of ~24.5 and ...201425048224
effects of ensiling fermentation and aerobic deterioration on the bacterial community in italian ryegrass, guinea grass, and whole-crop maize silages stored at high moisture content.the effects of storage period and aerobic deterioration on the bacterial community were examined in italian ryegrass (ir), guinea grass (gg), and whole-crop maize (wm) silages. direct-cut forages were stored in a laboratory silo for 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 120 d without any additives; live counts, content of fermentation products, and characteristics of the bacterial community were determined. 2,3-butanediol, acetic acid, and lactic acid were the dominant fermentation products in the ir, gg, and w ...201325049913
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