| effect of oral bacillus coagulans administration on the density of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the stool of colonized mice. | a mouse model of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (vre) stool colonization was used to study the effect of bacillus coagulans, a biotherapeutic agent, on the density of colonization. | 2001 | 11442822 |
| effect of solar uv-b radiation on a phyllosphere bacterial community. | the effect of solar uv-b radiation on the population dynamics and composition of the culturable bacterial community from peanut (arachis hypogeae l.) was examined in field studies using plants grown under uv-b-transmitting (uv-b+) or uv-b-excluding (uv-b-) plastic filters. our data demonstrate that solar uv-b selection alters phyllosphere bacterial community composition and that uv tolerance is a prevalent phenotype late in the season. the total bacterial population size was not affected by eith ... | 2001 | 11722897 |
| discussion of the z-value to use in calculating the f0-value for high-temperature sterilization processes. | the appropriate z-value to use in integrating heat process time-temperature data in the temperature range of 120.0-140.0 degrees c (248.0-284.0 degrees f) is discussed. we conclude that for control of clostridium botulinum there is little risk in extrapolating a public health f0-value for c. botulinum to temperatures in the 132.0-138.0 degrees c (270.0-280.0 degrees f) range using a z-value of 10.0 degrees c (18.0 degrees f). it would seem prudent, at this time, when extrapolating data to condit ... | 1996 | 8846059 |
| molecular cloning and dna sequence analysis of pepl, a leucyl aminopeptidase gene from lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis dsm7290. | a genomic library of lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis dsm7290 dna fragments from a sau3a partial digestion in the low-copy-number vector plg339, was used to screen escherichia coli for the presence of peptidases. using the chromogenic substrate leucine-beta-naphthylamide (leu-nh-nap) and e. coli strain cm89 lacking the corresponding enzyme activity in an enzymic plate assay, allowed the isolation of two peptidase genes; the newly described pepl and the recently cloned and sequenced pepn. ... | 1995 | 7737150 |
| degradation of paper mill water components in laboratory tests with pure cultures of bacteria. | the degradation of dissolved and colloidal substances from thermomechanical pulp (tmp) by bacteria isolated from a paper mill was studied in a laboratory slide culture system. burkholderia cepacia strains hydrolysed triglycerides to free fatty acids, and the liberated unsaturated fatty acids were then degraded to some extent. saturated fatty acids were not notably degraded. however, the branched anteiso-heptadecanoic fatty acid was degraded almost like the unsaturated fatty acids. about 30% of t ... | 2001 | 11826895 |
| substrate specificity of pepstatin-insensitive carboxyl proteinase from bacillus coagulans j-4. | bacillus coagulans j-4 carboxyl proteinase, designated as j-4, is characterized as alcohol-resistant and insensitive to aspartic proteinase inhibitors such as pepstatin, diazoacetyl-dl-norleucinemetylester, and 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane. here, its substrate specificity was elucidated by using two series of chromogenic substrates, lys-pro-ala-lys-phe*nph (p-nitrophenylalanine:* is cleavage site)-arg-leu (xvi) and lys-pro-ile-glu-phe*nph-arg-leu (rs6), in which the amino acid residues at ... | 1998 | 9722678 |
| microcalorimetric study on the phase behaviour of s-layer coated liposomes. | isolated s-layer subunits from bacillus coagulans e38-66/v1 were recrystallized on positively charged, unilamellar liposomes composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and hexadecylamine. the thermotropic phase behaviour of s-layer coated and uncoated liposomes was characterized by differential scanning microcalorimetry indicating for both preparations a broad transition around 50 degrees c due to the chain-melting from a liquid-ordered gel-like to a liquid-ordered fluid phase as de ... | 1998 | 9724924 |
| mechanism of action and the substrate-dependent ph maximum shift of the alpha-amylase of bacillus coagulans. | the alpha-amylase of bacillus coagulans is a saccharifying alpha-amylase which hydrolyses the disaccharide maltose [l. keating, c. kelly, and w. fogarty, biochem. soc. trans., 24 (1996) 44s]. the ph maximum for maltose hydrolysis is ph 5.0, differing from the ph maximum for starch hydrolysis which is ph 6.0. studies using reducing end 14c-labeled maltooligosaccharides revealed a substrate-dependent ph maximum shift; hydrolysis of radiolabeled maltotriose (g3*) was maximal at ph 5.0 while the ph ... | 1998 | 9764468 |
| crystal structure of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from the moderate facultative thermophile, bacillus coagulans: two strategies for thermostabilization of protein structures. | the crystal structure of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from the moderate facultative thermophile bacillus coagulans (bcipmdh) has been determined by the x-ray method. bcipmdh is a dimeric enzyme composed of two identical subunits, each of which takes an open alpha/beta structure with 11 alpha-helices and 14 beta-strands. the polypeptide is folded into two domains. the first domain is composed of residues 1-101 and 257-356, and the second domain, of residues 102-256. the latter domains of the t ... | 1997 | 9498551 |
| self-assembled alpha-hemolysin pores in an s-layer-supported lipid bilayer. | the effects of a supporting proteinaceous surface-layer (s-layer) from bacillus coagulans e38-66 on a 1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (dphpc) bilayer were investigated. comparative voltage clamp studies on plain and s-layer supported dphpc bilayers revealed no significant difference in the capacitance. the conductance of the composite membrane decreased slightly upon recrystallization of the s-layer. thus, the attached s-layer lattice did not interpenetrate or rupture the dphpc ... | 1998 | 9545583 |
| influence of ph on heat resistance of spores of bacillus coagulans in buffer and homogenized foods. | the influence of ph of heating menstruum (mcilvaine buffer) on the heat resistance of bacillus coagulans spores has been investigated and compared with the heat resistance in homogenized tomato and asparagus at ph 7 and 4 at a wide range of temperatures. spores were less heat resistant in all menstrua at acid ph. the magnitude of this effect was greatest at the lowest heating temperatures tested. z values in buffer increased from 8.9 degrees c at ph 7 to 10.5 degrees c at ph 4. ph of menstrua wa ... | 1999 | 10100904 |
| studies on the antibacterial potential of cryptostegia grandiflora r. br. (asclepiadaceae) extract. | different extracts of cryptostegia grandiflora (roxb) rbr. leaves were investigated for their antibacterial potential against pseudomonus cepacia ncim-2106, bacillus megatorium ncim-2087, staphylococcus aureus ncim-2492, escherichia coli ncim-2345, bacillus subtilis ncim-2349 and bacillus coagulans ncim 2323. almost all the extracts produced significant antibacterial activity against all the microorganisms being tested and the effect so produced was comparable to the standard antibiotic, tetracy ... | 1999 | 10189956 |
| coagulin, a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance produced by bacillus coagulans i4. | a protease-sensitive antibacterial substance produced by bacillus coagulans i4 strain, isolated from cattle faeces, was classified as a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance and named coagulin. the inhibitory spectrum included b. coagulans and unrelated bacteria such as enterococcus, leuconostoc, oenococcus, listeria and pediococcus. coagulin was stable at 60 degrees c for 90 min, at a ph ranging from 4 to 8 and appeared to be unaffected by alpha-amylase, lipase or organic solvents (10% v/v). co ... | 1998 | 9721655 |
| the effect of s-layer protein adsorption and crystallization on the collective motion of a planar lipid bilayer studied by dynamic light scattering. | a dedicated dynamic light scattering (dls) setup was employed to study the undulations of freely suspended planar lipid bilayers, the so-called black lipid membranes (blm), over a previously inaccessible spread of frequencies (relaxation times ranging from 10(-2) to 10(-6) s) and wavevectors (250 cm(-1) < q < 38,000 cm(-1)). for a blm consisting of 1,2-dielaidoyl-sn-3-glycero-phosphocholine (depc) doped with two different proportions of the cationic lipid analog dioctadecyl-dimethylammonium brom ... | 1999 | 10512827 |
| probing the stability of s-layer-supported planar lipid membranes. | isolated protein subunits of the crystalline bacterial cell surface layer (s-layer) of bacillus coagulans e38-66 have been recrystallized on one side of planar black lipid membranes (blms) and their influence on the electrical properties, rupture kinetics and mechanical stability of the blm was investigated. the effect on the boundary potential, the capacitance or the conductance of the membrane was negligible whereas the mechanical properties were considerably changed. the mechanical stability ... | 1999 | 10541796 |
| antibacterial activity of turmeric oil: a byproduct from curcumin manufacture. | curcumin, the yellow color pigment of turmeric, is produced industrially from turmeric oleoresin. the mother liquor after isolation of curcumin from oleoresin contains approximately 40% oil. the oil was extracted from the mother liquor using hexane at 60 degrees c, and the hexane extract was separated into three fractions using silica gel column chromatography. these fractions were tested for antibacterial activity by pour plate method against bacillus cereus, bacillus coagulans, bacillus subtil ... | 1999 | 10552805 |
| relevance of charged groups for the integrity of the s-layer from bacillus coagulans e38-66 and for molecular interactions. | in this paper, the importance of charged amino and carboxyl groups for the integrity of the cell surface layer (s-layer) lattice from bacillus coagulans e38-66 and for the self-assembly of the isolated subunits was investigated. amidination of the free amino groups which preserved their positive net charge had no influence on both. on the other hand, acetylation and succinylation, which converted the amino groups into either neutral or negatively charged groups, and amidation of carboxyl groups ... | 1993 | 8468285 |
| pyridine degradation and heterocyclic nitrification by bacillus coagulans. | a gram-positive, pyridine-degrading microorganism identified as bacillus coagulans has been isolated from contaminated soil by enrichment culture technique. pyridine was used as sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. bacillus coagulans has a unique potential to reduce nitrogen from aromatic ring to ammonia and subsequently heterotrophically to nitrite and nitrate. the maximum degradation of pyridine was 94.1% within 72 h at 30 degrees c with a 7.57-h doubling time. the study suggests possi ... | 1997 | 9289352 |
| subsite preferences of pepstatin-insensitive carboxyl proteinases from bacteria. | pseudomonas sp. 101 carboxyl proteinase (pcp) and xanthomonas sp. t-22 carboxyl proteinase (xcp), the first and second unique carboxyl proteinases from prokaryotes to be isolated and characterized, are not inhibited by the classical carboxyl proteinase inhibitor pepstatin. in this study, we elucidated their subsite preferences by using a series of synthetic chromogenic substrates, lys-pro-ile(p3)-glu(p2)-phe*nph-arg(p2')-leu(p3') (nph is p-nitrophenylalanine, phe*nph is the cleavage site) with s ... | 1999 | 9880800 |
| production of diarrheal enterotoxins and other potential virulence factors by veterinary isolates of bacillus species associated with nongastrointestinal infections. | with the exceptions of bacillus cereus and bacillus anthracis, bacillus species are generally perceived to be inconsequential. however, the relevance of other bacillus species as food poisoning organisms and etiological agents in nongastrointestinal infections is being increasingly recognized. eleven bacillus species isolated from veterinary samples associated with severe nongastrointestinal infections were assessed for the presence and expression of diarrheagenic enterotoxins and other potentia ... | 2003 | 12676723 |
| rapid degradation of ferulic acid via 4-vinylguaiacol and vanillin by a newly isolated strain of bacillus coagulans. | a new strain bacillus coagulans bk07 was isolated from decomposed wood-bark, based on its ability to grow on ferulic acid as a sole carbon source. this strain rapidly decarboxylated ferulic acid to 4-vinylguaiacol, which was immediately converted to vanillin and then oxidized to vanillic acid. vanillic acid was further demethylated to protocatechuic acid. above 95% substrate degradation was obtained within 7 h of growth on ferulic acid medium, which is the shortest period of time reported to dat ... | 2000 | 10949310 |
| subsite preferences of pepstatin-insensitive carboxyl proteinases from prokaryotes: kumamolysin, a thermostable pepstatin-insensitive carboxyl proteinase. | kumamolysin, a carboxyl proteinase from bacillus novosp. mn-32, is characterized by its thermostability and insensitivity to aspartic proteinase inhibitors such as pepstatin, diazoacetyl-dl-norleucine methylester, and 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitro-phenoxy)propane. here, its substrate specificity was elucidated using two series of synthetic chromogenic substrates: p(5)-p(4)-p(3)-p(2)-phe*nph (p-nitrophenylalanine: *cleavage site)-p(2)'-p(3)', in which the amino acid residues at the p(5)-p(2), p(2)' and p( ... | 2000 | 10965051 |
| performance of broiler chickens supplemented with bacillus coagulans as probiotic. | 1. a newly isolated bacillus coagulans strain as probiotic was assayed as the only dietary additive for chickens. 2. chickens receiving no additive at all or only virginiamycin were used for comparison. 3. two trials each carried out on 75 chickens showed that, in terms of efficacy in growth and food conversion ratio, the b. coagulans biomass as a probiotic had a growth-promoting, prophylactic effect comparable to that of virginiamycin. | 1998 | 9800038 |
| sporulation requirements of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans in complex media. | | 1956 | 13345772 |
| a simple and sensitive method to extract bacterial, yeast and fungal dna from blood culture material. | this study investigated the various commercially available kits and 'in-house' methods to extract dna from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, yeast and fungal agents in commonly employed blood culture material. the main methods investigated were as follows; qiagen qiamp blood kit, roche high pcr template preparation kit, puregene dna extraction kit, boiling, glass beads/sonication and wash/alkali/heat lysis. the results indicated that a simple wash/alkali/heat lysis method was the most se ... | 2000 | 11018270 |
| acid and bile tolerance of spore-forming lactic acid bacteria. | criteria for screening probiotics such as bile tolerance and resistance to acids were studied with 13 spore-forming lactic acid producing bacteria. different strains of sporolactobacillus, bacillus laevolacticus, bacillus racemilacticus and bacillus coagulans grown in mrs broth were subjected to low ph conditions (2, 2.5 and 3) and increasing bile concentrations. among these microorganisms, bacillus laevolacticus dsm 6475 and all sporolactobacillus strains tested except sporolactobacillus racemi ... | 2000 | 11078170 |
| observations on the nutritional requirements of bacillus coagulans. | | 1957 | 13437214 |
| bacterial spore inhibition and inactivation in foods by pressure, chemical preservatives, and mild heat. | sucrose laurates, sucrose palmitate, sucrose stearates, and monolaurin (lauricidin) were evaluated for inhibitory effects against spores of bacillus sp., clostridium sporogenes pa3679, and alicyclobacillus sp. in a model agar system. the combined treatment of sucrose laurate, high hydrostatic pressure, and mild heat was evaluated on spores of bacillus and alicyclobacillus in foods. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the sucrose esters were higher than that of lauricidin for all spores test ... | 2000 | 11079691 |
| production, purification and characterization of bacillus lipase. | the lipolytic activities in the supernatant fractions of bacillus cereus and bacillus coagulans cultures were investigated. aeration, agitation, different media, emulsified oils, inoculum size and phase of growth affected lipase production. aeration was essential for lipase production (air: medium ration 4:1) and produced the highest activity. the lipolytic activity reached a maximum level after incubation for two days with continuous agitation. it was also elevated by the presence of either oli ... | 1997 | 9265771 |
| analysis of essential leucine residue for catalytic activity of novel thermostable chitosanase by site-directed mutagenesis. | bacterial chitosanases share weak amino acid sequence similarities at certain regions of each enzyme. these regions have been assumed to be important for catalytic activities of the enzyme. to verify this assumption, the functional importance of the conserved region in a novel thermostable chitosanase (tch-2) from bacillus coagulans ck108 was investigated. each of the conserved amino acid residues (leu64, glu80, glu94, asp98, and gly108) was changed to aspartate and glutamine or asparagine and g ... | 2000 | 11233177 |
| a cryptic plasmid, pao1, from a compost bacterium, bacillus sp. | the complete nucleotide sequence of a new cryptic plasmid, pao1 isolated from a compost bacterium bacillus sp., has been analyzed. analysis of the pcr-based 16s rrna sequence showed the bacterium harboring pao1 was closely related to bacillus pallidus. the plasmid pao1 was 3,325 bp in size. two open reading frames, orf1 and orf2, encoding putative polypeptides of 248 and 290 amino acids, respectively, were identified within the sequence. the orf1 has a limited sequence similarity to an integrase ... | 2001 | 11272838 |
| inactivation of geobacillus stearothermophilus spores by high-pressure carbon dioxide treatment. | high-pressure co2 treatment has been studied as a promising method for inactivating bacterial spores. in the present study, we compared this method with other sterilization techniques, including heat and pressure treatment. spores of bacillus coagulans, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus licheniformis, and geobacillus stearothermophilus were subjected to co2 treatment at 30 mpa and 35 degrees c, to high-hydrostatic-pressure treatment at 200 mpa and 65 degrees c, or to heat treatment at ... | 2003 | 14660357 |
| effect of divalent cations in the sporulation medium on the thermal death rate of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. | | 1957 | 13480998 |
| mechanisms of biofilm formation in paper machine by bacillus species: the role of deinococcus geothermalis. | mechanisms for the undesired persistence of bacillus species in paper machine slimes were investigated. biofilm formation was measured for industrial bacillus isolates under paper machine wet-end-simulating conditions (white water, ph 7, agitated at 45 degrees c for 1-2 days). none of the 40 tested strains of seven bacillus species formed biofilm on polished stainless steel or on polystyrene surfaces as a monoculture. under the same conditions, deinococcus geothermalis e50051 covered all test su ... | 2001 | 11773998 |
| two continuous spectrophotometric assays for methionine aminopeptidase. | two spectrophotometric assays have been developed for methionine aminopeptidases (metaps). the first method employs a thioester substrate which, upon enzymatic removal of the n-terminal methionine, generates a free thiol group. the released thiol is quantitated using ellman's reagent. the metap reaction is conveniently monitored on a uv-vis spectrophotometer in a continuous fashion, with the addition of an excess of ellman's reagent into the assay reaction. two tripeptide analogues were synthesi ... | 2000 | 10805534 |
| biochemical and genetic characterization of coagulin, a new antilisterial bacteriocin in the pediocin family of bacteriocins, produced by bacillus coagulans i(4). | a plasmid-linked antimicrobial peptide, named coagulin, produced by bacillus coagulans i(4) has recently been reported (b. hyronimus, c. le marrec and m. c. urdaci, j. appl. microbiol. 85:42-50, 1998). in the present study, the complete, unambiguous primary amino acid sequence of the peptide was obtained by a combination of both n-terminal sequencing of purified peptide and the complete sequence deduced from the structural gene harbored by plasmid i(4). data revealed that this peptide of 44 resi ... | 2000 | 11097892 |
| clustered proline residues around the active-site cleft in thermostable oligo-1,6-glucosidase of bacillus flavocaldarius kp1228. | the gene that coded for a cellular oligo-1,6-glucosidase (dextrin 6-alpha-d-glucanohydrolase, ec 3.2.1.10) in bacillus flavocaldarius kp1228 (ferm-p9542) cells growing at 51-82 degrees c was expressed in escherichia coli jm109. the enzyme had a half-life of 10 min at 89.2 degrees c. purification of the enzyme and its characterization showed that the enzyme was identical with the native one. its primary structure of 529 residues with a molecular weight of 61,469 deduced from the gene was 40-42% i ... | 1998 | 9692189 |
| some biological and physical factors in dry heat sterilization: a general review. | there is a surprising lack of quantitative data on sterilization by dry heat so that microbiologists have little knowledge of the role played by various biological and physical factors in this sterilizing process. a recent investigation by the author has shown that the aerobic mesophilic bacterial sporeformers, such as bacillus subtilis and bacillus coagulans, are the most resistant among several species of sporeforming bacteria to dry heat sterilization. the type of carrier on which the spores ... | 1964 | 11883444 |
| gene cloning and biochemical analysis of thermostable chitosanase (tch-2) from bacillus coagulans ck108. | the dna sequence of the thermostable chitosanase tch-2 gene from bacillus coagulans ck108 showed a 843-bp open reading frame that encodes a protein of 280 amino acids with a signal peptide corresponding to 32 kda in size. the deduced amino acid sequence of the chitosanase from bacillus coagulans ck108 has 61.6%, 48.0%, and 12.6% identities to those from bacillus ehemensis, bacillus circulans, and bacillus subtilis, respectively. c-terminal homology analysis shows that the enzyme belongs to the c ... | 2002 | 12092850 |
| inhibition of bacilli in industrial starches by nisin. | the properties of bacillus coagulans and of other bacilli that contaminate paper and paperboard manufacturing processes were investigated under simulated industrial conditions. nisin (0.05 to 0.125 microg ml(-1) blocked growth of indigenous bacilli that contaminate sizing starches. b. coagulans starch isolates, b. licheniformis, b. amyloliquefaciens, and b. stearothermophilus grew at > or = 50 degrees c in industrial starch and produced alpha-glucosidase and cyclodextrins. the industrial isolate ... | 2001 | 11420648 |
| characterization and heterologous expression of a class iia bacteriocin, plantaricin 423 from lactobacillus plantarum 423, in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | lactobacillus plantarum 423 produces a small heat-stable antimicrobial protein designated plantaricin 423. this protein is bactericidal for many gram-positive foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria, including listeria spp., staphylococcus spp., pediococcus spp., lactobacillus spp., etc. the dna sequence of the plantaricin 423-encoding region on plasmid ppla4 revealed a four open reading frame (orf) operon structure similar to pediocin pa-1/ach from pediococcus acidilactici and coagulin from b ... | 2003 | 12423916 |
| the physiological characters of bacillus coagulans (bacillus thermoacidurans). | | 1950 | 15436446 |
| inoculation of field-established mulberry and papaya with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a mycorrhiza helper bacterium. | the effects of soil inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi and a mycorrhiza helper bacterium (mhb) were investigated on mulberry and papaya plants already established in the field. ten-year-old mulberry plants (var. m5) were inoculated with glomus fasciculatum and 1.5-year-old papaya plants (var. solo) were inoculated with a mixed culture of g. mosseae and g. caledonium with or without bacillus coagulans at two levels of p fertilizer. growth, p uptake, yield and am colonization level ... | 2002 | 12466919 |
| antibacterial effects of knotwood extractives on paper mill bacteria. | hydrophilic knotwood extracts from 18 wood species were assessed in disc diffusion and liquid culture tests for antibacterial effects against three species of paper mill bacteria. the pinus sylvestris, p. resinosa, p. contorta, and p. banksiana extracts decreased or inhibited bacterial growth. the susceptibility order was p. sylvestris > p. resinosa > p. contorta > p. banksiana, correlating with the concentrations of pinosylvin and pinosylvin monomethyl ether in these wood species. also, pseudot ... | 2004 | 15112061 |
| antifungal activity of bacillus coagulans against fusarium sp. | the antifungal activity of bacillus coagulans against three pathogenic species of fusarium was examined. fungal growth was determined by colony forming units, dry matter and ergosterol level. biosynthesis of fusarium mycotoxins was also investigated. the strongest inhibition of fungal growth was noticed when bacillus coagulans was co-inoculated at the beginning of culture. estimation of ergosterol level as a determinant of fungal growth showed the greatest degree of fusarium sp. inhibition. addi ... | 2002 | 12588102 |
| [hematin pigments of bacillus coagulans cultivated aerobically and anaerobically]. | | 1953 | 13105675 |
| the effect of certain sporulation conditions on the thermal death rate of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. | | 1956 | 13286224 |
| [cloning and expression in escherichia coli of oligo-1,6-glucosidase gene from bacillus subtilis hb002]. | the gene coding for oligo-1,6-glucosidase of bacillus subtilis hb002 was cloned by the shotgun-cloning method and sequenced by the chain-termination method of sanger et al. it consists of an open reading frame of 1683 bp. the amino acid sequence of oligo-1,6-glucosidase deduced from its nuecleotide sequence predicts a protein of 561 amino acid residues with a mr of 65.985 kd, which is 81% and 67% identical to those of oligo-1,6-glucosidase from bacillus sp. and bacillus coagulans, respectively, ... | 2002 | 12557389 |
| the effect of sporulation temperature on the thermal resistance of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. | | 1956 | 13286225 |
| voltage clamp studies on s-layer-supported tetraether lipid membranes. | isolated subunits from the cell surface proteins (s-layer) of bacillus coagulans e38-66 have been recrystallized on a glycerol dialkyl nonitol tetraether lipid (gdnt)-monolayer and the electrophysical features of this biomimetic membrane have been investigated in comparison to unsupported gdnt-monolayers. the gdnt-monolayer, spread on a langmuir-blodgett trough, was clamped with the tip of a glass patch pipette. in order to investigate the barrier function and potential to incorporate functional ... | 1998 | 9556347 |
| illegitimate combinations, bacillus cereus var. terminalis and bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. | | 1959 | 13664666 |
| nisin sensitivity of bacillus coagulans. | | 1959 | 13807284 |
| effect of subtilin and nisin on the spores of bacillus coagulans. | | 1959 | 13664658 |
| production and characterization of a thermostable beta-galactosidase from bacillus coagulans rcs3. | a strain of bacillus coagulans rcs3 isolated from a hot-water spring produced significant beta-galactosidase activity at 10 days of growth in a flask. while enzyme production was maximum at 50 degrees c, the highest activity was at 65 degrees c, where the half-life was 2 h. a 2 degrees c decrease in temperature increased the half-life to 15 h without significantly changing the activity, suggesting that 63 degrees c is the temperature of preference compared with 65 degrees c for a combination of ... | 2002 | 12149116 |
| effect of high pressure carbon dioxide on the clumping of the bacterial spores. | the formation of spore clumps of bacillus coagulans and bacillus licheniformis during high-pressure carbon dioxide treatment (hct) was investigated. as the treatment time increased, the number of spore clumps increased. after 120 min, single spore decreased to 20-35% of the population. addition of a surfactant decreased the hydrophobicity of spore surface and increased both the number of single spores and the rate of inactivation ratio of b. coagulans and b. licheniformis spores. | 2006 | 16233924 |
| folic acid requirement of bacillus coagulans. | | 1959 | 13849302 |
| observations on bacillus coagulans. | | 1932 | 16559554 |
| vitamin requirements of bacillus coagulans. | | 1949 | 16561754 |
| [studies on the stimulating action of suspensions of bacillus coagulans, bacillus polymyxa & bacillus subtilis administered orally for deficiency of normal children from 3 to 5 years of age]. | | 1958 | 13658565 |
| the nonlogarithmic rate of thermal destruction of spores of bacillus coagulans. | | 1957 | 13459313 |
| location and composition of spore mucopeptide in bacillus species. | spore integuments of bacillus coagulans were prepared containing nearly all the hexosamine and alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid (dap) present in intact spores. subsequent autolytic action resulted in the destruction and removal of the residual cortical structure and "cortical membrane" leaving the appearance of the inner and outer spore coats unchanged in electron micrographs. concurrently, all the hexosamine and dap in the preparation was released mainly as non-diffusible mucopeptide containi ... | 1963 | 13999017 |
| application of the broad-spectrum bacteriocin enterocin as-48 to inhibit bacillus coagulans in canned fruit and vegetable foods. | the enterococcal bacteriocin (enterocin) as-48 is a broad-spectrum cyclic peptide. enterocin as-48 was tested against bacillus coagulans in three vegetable canned foods: tomato paste (ph 4.64), syrup from canned peaches (ph 3.97), and juice from canned pineapple (ph 3.65). when vegetative cells of b. coagulans cect (spanish type culture collection) 12 were inoculated in tomato paste supplemented with 6 microg/ml as-48 and stored at different temperatures, viable cell counts were reduced by appro ... | 2006 | 16831501 |
| formation of the spore clumps during heat treatment increases the heat resistance of bacterial spores. | effects of the clumping of bacterial spores on their heat resistance as a result of heat treatment were investigated. spore suspensions of bacillus cereus, bacillus coagulans and bacillus licheniformis were heated at 85 degrees c. survivor curves of the three strains showed tailing in all treatments after 30 min. as the treatment time increased, the formation of spore clumps increased in all strains after 20 min. relative hydrophobicity of the spore surface increased as a result of heat treatmen ... | 2005 | 15925006 |
| effect of high pressure gaseous carbon dioxide on the germination of bacterial spores. | effect of high pressure gaseous carbon dioxide treatment (hgct) at 6.5 mpa, 35 degrees c on the germination of bacterial spores was investigated. germination of bacterial spores was estimated by the decrease of heat tolerance. approximately, 40% of bacillus coagulans and 70% of bacillus licheniformis were germinated by hgct for 120 min at 35 degrees c, respectively. germination was confirmed by phase contrast microscopy. the effect of hydrostatic pressure treatment (hpt) at 6.5 mpa, 35 degrees c ... | 2004 | 14996465 |
| polyphasic characterization of bacillus coagulans strains, illustrating heterogeneity within this species, and emended description of the species. | because of its food spoiling capacity on the one hand and its significant role in the production of industrially valuable products on the other, bacillus coagulans is of economic concern. several studies have revealed a great deal of diversity within the species and this has led to a number of taxonomic adjustments. the present study aims to clarify the diversity within bacillus coagulans sensu stricto and determine the taxonomic status of the species. therefore, a polyphasic study was performed ... | 2004 | 15053321 |
| affinity interactions on a liposome surface detected by ultrasound velocimetry. | in this work, we performed targeted immobilization of immunoglobulins by means of bacterial s-layer proteins from bacillus coagulans e38-66/v1 recrystallized on liposomes, which were exploited as immobilization matrix for antibody (ab)-human igg. the study of interaction of rabbit or swine anti-human igg as antigens (ag) was performed by means of measuring changes of ultrasound velocity. we showed that at a temperature of 25 degrees c, the increment of ultrasound velocity [u] linearly decreased ... | 2002 | 11786340 |
| purification of a moderate thermotolerant bacillus coagulans bts1 lipase and its properties in a hydro-gel system. | an alkaline thermotolerant lipase of bacillus coagulans bts1 was successively purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and deae anion exchange chromatography. the purified lipase immobilized in alginate beads showed an optimal activity at ph 7.5 and 55 degrees c. a ph of 5.0 or 10.0 completely quenched the activity of immobilized lipase. the alginate-bound lipase retained its activity following exposure to most of the organic solvents including amines, alkanes and alcohols. chloride salt of al ... | 2006 | 16696551 |
| formation and structure of the spore of bacillus coagulans. | spore formation in bacillus coagulans has been studied by electron microscopy using an epoxy resin (araldite) embedding technique. the developmental stages from the origin of the initial spore septum to the mature spore were investigated. the two forespore membranes developed from the double layer of cytoplasmic membrane. the cortex was progressively deposited between these two membranes. the inner membrane finally became the spore protoplasmic membrane, and the outer membrane part of the inner ... | 1962 | 14481435 |
| properties of an immobilized lipase of bacillus coagulans bts-1. | lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) is a tri-acylglycerol ester hydrolase, catalysing the hydrolysis of tri-, di-, and mono-acylglycerols to glycerol and fatty acids. to study the effect of adsorption of a lipase obtained from bacillus coagulans bts-1, its lipase was immobilized on native and activated (alkylated) matrices, i.e. silica and celite. the effect of ph, temperature, detergents, substrates, alcohols, organic solvent etc. on the stability of the immobilized enzyme was evaluated. the gluteraldahyde or ... | 2004 | 15362288 |
| target selection in designing pasteurization processes for shelf-stable high-acid fruit products. | this study is focused on the search for targets and criteria for the design of pasteurization processes for high-acid shelf-stable fruit products, such as juices, nectars, pastes, purees, concentrates, jams, jellies, etc. first, an overview of pasteurization is presented and then, frequently used targets for pasteurization processes are reviewed enzymes naturally present in fruits, in decreasing order of heat resistance, were pectinesterase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase, and they may be use ... | 2004 | 15540648 |
| the asparagine deamidase of bacillus coagulans and bacillus stearothermophilus. | | 1957 | 13489550 |
| sau42i, a bcgi-like restriction-modification system encoded by the staphylococcus aureus quadruple-converting phage phi42. | the serotype f phage phi42 of staphylococcus aureus is a triple-converting bacteriophage that encodes the staphylokinase gene (sak) and the enterotoxin a gene (enta). lysogeny results in loss of expression of the chromosomal beta-haemolysin gene (hlb) (negative conversion), the expression of staphylokinase and enterotoxin a (positive conversion), and the acquisition of resistance to lysis by all 23 phages of the international basic set (ibs) of s. aureus typing phages. until this study, the basi ... | 2005 | 15817797 |
| purification and partial characterization of a lipase from bacillus coagulans zju318. | an extracellular lipase was purified from the fermentation broth of bacillus coagulans zju318 by cm-sepharose chromatography, followed by sephacryl s-200 chromatography. the lipase was purified 14.7-fold with 18% recovery and a specific activity of 141.1 u/mg. the molecular weight of the homogeneous enzyme was (32 kda), determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme activity was maximum at ph 9.0 and was stable over a ph range of 7.0-10.0, and the optim ... | 2005 | 15858237 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from the moderate facultative thermophile bacillus coagulans. | three crystalline forms of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from the moderate facultative thermophile bacillus coagulans were obtained by hanging-drop vapor-diffusion methods. one of them, which had crystallized under slightly milder conditions than the others, was suitable for x-ray analysis. its asymmetric unit contains one dimeric molecule and the solvent content is higher than in other protein crystals. the crystal structure was solved in a preliminary manner by the molecular-replacement tech ... | 1996 | 15299617 |
| streptomyces pharetrae sp. nov., isolated from soil from the semi-arid karoo region. | an actinomycete, strain cza14t, was isolated from worcester in the western cape province of south africa. based on rapid genus identification, 16s-rdna sequence similarities and chemotaxonomy, strain cza14t was identified as a member of the genus streptomyces. it exhibited weak antibiosis against bacillus coagulans atcc 7050t, mycobacterium aurum a+ and acinetobacter calcoaceticus c91. the results of physiological tests and analysis of the 16s-rdna sequence allowed for the differentiation of str ... | 2005 | 16104349 |
| characterization, n-terminal sequencing and classification of cerein mrx1, a novel bacteriocin purified from a newly isolated bacterium: bacillus cereus mrx1. | to purify and characterize the bacteriocin produced by strain mrx1. | 2007 | 17953573 |
| inactivation of bacillus spores by the combination of moderate heat and low hydrostatic pressure in ketchup and potage. | the combination effect of moderate heat and low hydrostatic pressure (mhp) on the reduction of bacillus subtilis, bacillus coagulans and geobacillus stearothermophilus spores in food materials (potage and ketchup) was investigated. these bacterial spores were suspended in potage (ph 7), acidified potage (ph 4), neutralized ketchup (ph 7) and ketchup (ph 4). the suspensions were treated with and without pressure (100 mpa) and temperatures of 65-85 degrees c for 3 to 12 h. the bacterial spores wer ... | 2006 | 16260058 |
| vitamin requirements of bacillus coagulans. | | 1949 | 18151941 |
| location of the bases modified by m.bcokia and m.bcokib methylases in the sequence 5 -ctcttc-3 /5 -gaagag-3. | the strain bacillus coagulans k contains two dna-methyltransferases, m.bcokia and m.bcokib, which recognize the sequence 5 -ctcttc-3 /5 -gaagag-3 and possess n4-methylcytosine and n6-methyladenine specificities, respectively. a special construct containing the recognition site of bcoki and sites of four iis restriction endonucleases (iis restriction endonuclease cassette) was designed to locate the nucleotides modified by the methylases. the modified bases were determined as: 5 -m(4)ctcttc-3 /5 ... | 2005 | 16271028 |
| purification and properties of a novel extra-cellular thermotolerant metallolipase of bacillus coagulans mtcc-6375 isolate. | a novel extra-cellular lipase from bacillus coagulans mtcc-6375 was purified 76.4-fold by deae anion exchange and octyl sepharose chromatography. the purified enzyme was found to be electrophoretically pure by denaturing gel electrophoresis and possessed a molecular mass of approximately 103 kda. the lipase was optimally active at 45 degrees c and retained approximately 50% of its original activity after 20 min of incubation at 55 degrees c. the enzyme was optimally active at ph 8.5. mg2+, cu2+, ... | 2006 | 16290008 |
| production, purification, and characterization of lipase from thermophilic and alkaliphilic bacillus coagulans bts-3. | a thermophilic isolate bacillus coagulans bts-3 produced an extracellular alkaline lipase, the production of which was substantially enhanced when the type of carbon source, nitrogen source, and the initial ph of culture medium were consecutively optimized. lipase activity 1.16 u/ml of culture medium was obtained in 48 h at 55 degrees c and ph 8.5 with refined mustard oil as carbon source and a combination of peptone and yeast extract (1:1) as nitrogen sources. the enzyme was purified 40-fold to ... | 2005 | 15802219 |
| expression of a thermostable xylanase gene from bacillus coagulans st-6 in lactococcus lactis. | the aim of the study is to evaluate whether xylanase can be used as a potential reporter gene for cloning and expression studies in lactococcus. | 2006 | 16478506 |
| occurrence of a highly heat-sensitive spore subpopulation of bacillus coagulans stcc 4522 and its conversion to a more heat-stable form. | the profile of the survival curves, at different heating temperatures, of b. coagulans stcc 4522 sporulated at 52(deg)c has been studied, focusing on the early moments of treatment. a highly heat-sensitive spore subpopulation that includes more than 90% of the total spore population has been found. this heat-sensitive spore fraction was inactivated after 2 s of treatment at 111(deg)c. its heat resistance was as much as 200-fold lower than that of the heat-resistant spore fraction (d(inf111(deg)c ... | 1997 | 16535625 |
| isolation and characterization of acid-tolerant, thermophilic bacteria for effective fermentation of biomass-derived sugars to lactic acid. | biomass-derived sugars, such as glucose, xylose, and other minor sugars, can be readily fermented to fuel ethanol and commodity chemicals by the appropriate microbes. due to the differences in the optimum conditions for the activity of the fungal cellulases that are required for depolymerization of cellulose to fermentable sugars and the growth and fermentation characteristics of the current industrial microbes, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) of cellulose is envisioned at c ... | 2006 | 16672461 |
| crystallization and preliminary investigation of xylose isomerase from bacillus coagulans. | xylose isomerase from bacillus coagulans has been crystallized in two different crystal forms. one crystal form is in space group p2(1)2(1)2, cell dimensions a = 462, b = 165, c = 82 a. the other is in space group i422, cell dimensions a = b = 113, c = 153 a. | 1994 | 15299465 |
| high temperature lactic acid production by bacillus coagulans immobilized in lentikats. | bacillus coagulans spores were immobilized in polyvinylalcohol (pva) hydrogel, lens-shaped capsules known as lentikats. the immobilized spores were used in an anaerobic, non-sterile process in the repeated batch fermentations at 50 degrees c and produced lactic acid at 7.4 g l(-1) h(-1), which was double that of the free cell system. no mechanical deformation of the capsules and no contamination were observed. | 2005 | 16328994 |
| enhanced thermostability of silica-immobilized lipase from bacillus coagulans bts-3 and synthesis of ethyl propionate. | a lipase from the thermophilic isolate bacillus coagulans bts-3 was produced and purified. the enzyme was purified 40-fold to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and deae-sepharose column chromatography. its molecular weight was 31 kda on sds-page. the purified lipase was immobilized on silica and its binding efficiency was found to be 60%. the enzyme took 60 min to bind maximally onto the support. the ph and temperature optima of immobilized lipase were same as those of the free enzym ... | 2006 | 16956131 |
| surfactin isoforms from bacillus coagulans. | bacillus coagulans has been found to produce several surfactins that are powerful lipopeptide surfactants. four main components with molecular weights 1007, 1021 and 1035 da were separated. their structures have been confirmed by spectrometric and spectroscopic studies and by acid hydrolysis. the compounds were found to represent two pairs of surfactin isoforms in which beta-hydroxy-iso-c14 or anteiso-c15 fatty acids are linked to the [leu7] or [val7] heptapeptide moiety by both an amide group a ... | 2006 | 17137121 |
| isolation and characterization of site-specific dna-methyltransferases from bacillus coagulans k. | two site-specific dna methyltransferases, m.bcokia and m.bcokib, were isolated from the thermophilic strain bacillus coagulans k. each of the methylases protects the recognition site 5'-ctcttc-3'/5'-gaagag-3' from cleavage with the cognate restriction endonuclease bcoki. it is shown that m.bcokib is an n6-adenine specific methylase and m.bcokia is an n4-cytosine specific methylase. according to bisulfite mapping, m.bcokia methylates the first cytosine in the sequence 5'-ctcttc-3'. | 2004 | 15061697 |
| isolation, characterization, and identification of bacterial contaminants in semifinal gelatin extracts. | bacterial contamination of gelatin is of great concern. indeed, this animal colloid has many industrial applications, mainly in food and pharmaceutical products. in a previous study (e. de clerck and p. de vos, syst. appl. microbiol. 25:611-618), contamination of a gelatin production process with a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was demonstrated. in this study, bacterial contamination of semifinal gelatin extracts from several production plants was examined. since these extr ... | 2004 | 15184171 |
| [treatment of iron-deficiency hypochromic anemia with bacillus cereus & bacillus coagulans in patients with enterocolitis]. | | 1959 | 13668151 |
| semi-continuous l-lactate fermentation of garbage without sterile condition and analysis of the microbial structure. | in order to develop a simple l-lactate fermentation of organic wastes, acidogenic fermentation was investigated in semi-continuous culture at 55 degrees c with using unsterilized artificial garbage as feedstock. and, sludge from a thermophilic acidification reactor was inoculated at the start of the fermentation. the effects of ph and hydraulic retention time (hrt) on performance of l-lactate production were discussed in a series of operational conditions with regard to long-term stability. the ... | 2007 | 17320925 |
| effects of ph and temperature on products and bacterial community in l-lactate batch fermentation of garbage under unsterile condition. | acidogenesis fermentation of artificial garbage without sterile condition was conducted in batch mode to investigate effects of cultivation ph (5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and temperature (45, 50, 55 degrees c). bacteria exiting natively in the garbage were utilized in this study; in turn, no specific seed was inoculated. the results indicated that only one set of operational conditions (ph 5.5 and 55 degrees c) led to l-lactate fermentation. obtained yield of lactate based on initial carbohydrate was around ... | 2007 | 17433400 |
| cloning and characterization of a carboxylesterase from bacillus coagulans 81-11. | a genomic library of bacillus coagulans strain 81-11 was screened in escherichia coli jm83 for lipolytic activity by using tributyrin agar plates. a 2.4 kb dna fragment was subcloned from a lipolytic-positive clone and completely sequenced. nucleotide sequence analysis predicted a 723 bp open reading frame (orf), designated estc1, encoding a protein of 240 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 27,528 da and a pi of 9.15. the deduced amino acid sequence of the estc1 gene exhibited signi ... | 2005 | 15902466 |
| survey of bacterial populations present in us-produced linerboard with high recycle content. | to survey paperboard products from 17 us mills for bacterial populations and for bacteria potentially harmful to human health. | 2010 | 19645765 |
| production of lipase by a newly isolated bacillus coagulans under solid-state fermentation using melon wastes. | an extracellular lipase was produced by bacillus coagulans by solid-state fermentation. solid waste from melon was used as the basic nutrient source and was supplemented with olive oil. the highest lipase production (78,069 u/g) was achieved after 24 h of cultivation with 1% olive oil enrichment. enzyme had an optimal activity at 37 degrees c and ph 7.0, and sodium dodecyl sulfate increased lipase activity. nh4no3 increased enzyme production, whereas organic nitrogen had no effect. the effect of ... | 2007 | 17496339 |
| glutaraldehyde activation of polymer nylon-6 for lipase immobilization: enzyme characteristics and stability. | an extracellular alkaline lipase of a thermo tolerant bacillus coagulans bts-3 was immobilized onto glutaraldehyde activated nylon-6 by covalent binding. under optimum conditions, the immobilization yielded a protein loading of 228 microg/g of nylon-6. immobilized enzyme showed maximum activity at a temperature of 55 degrees c and ph 7.5. the enzyme was stable between ph 7.5-9.5. it retained 88% of its original activity at 55 degrees c for 2h and also retained 85% of its original activity after ... | 2008 | 17561391 |
| should lactobacillus sporogenes and bacillus coagulans have a future? | probiotics are gaining increasing scientific and commercial interest as functional foods. their success has led to the development and marketing of a broad range of products based on probiotics. in this context, resolution of the taxonomy of microbial species remains a key point, since different species belonging to the same genus may have different beneficial properties. lactobacillus sporogenes, which should be correctly classified as bacillus coagulans, represents the archetypal misidentified ... | 2009 | 19622453 |
| yield and protein quality of thermophilic bacillus spp. biomass related to thermophilic aerobic digestion of agricultural wastes for animal feed supplementation. | bacillus spp. responsible for thermophilic aerobic digestion (tad) of agricultural wastes were studied for their growth rate, yield and protein quality (amino acid profile) under conditions that approximate full-scale waste digestion as pointers to the capacity of tad to achieve protein enrichment of wastes for reuse in animal feeding. specific growth rates of the thermophiles varied with temperature and aeration rates. for bacillus coagulans, the highest specific growth rate was 1.98 muh(-1); f ... | 2008 | 17664065 |
| a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group dual site trial to evaluate the effects of a bacillus coagulans-based product on functional intestinal gas symptoms. | this randomized double blind placebo controlled dual site clinical trial compared a probiotic dietary supplement to placebo regarding effects on gastrointestinal symptoms in adults with post-prandial intestinal gas-related symptoms (abdominal pain, distention, flatulence) but no gastrointestinal (gi) diagnoses to explain the symptoms. | 2009 | 19922649 |