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current studies on physiological functions and biological production of lactosucrose.lactosucrose (o-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1,4)-o-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-d-fructofuranoside) is a trisaccharide formed from lactose and sucrose by enzymatic transglycosylation. this rare trisaccharide is a kind of indigestible carbohydrate, has good prebiotic effect, and promotes intestinal mineral absorption. it has been used as a functional ingredient in a range of food products which are approved as foods for specified health uses in japan. using lactose and sucrose as substrates, lactosucrose ...201323828605
effects of dietary arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides (axos) and endogenous probiotics on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and gut microbiota of juvenile siberian sturgeon (acipenser baerii).we investigated the effects of administration of putative endogenous probiotics lactococcus lactis spp. lactis or bacillus circulans, alone and in combination with arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides (axos), a new class of candidate prebiotics, in juvenile siberian sturgeon (acipenser baerii). eight experimental diets were tested: basal diet (diet 1), basal diet supplemented with 2% axos (diet 2), or l. lactis st g81 (diet 3), l. lactis st g45 (diet 4), b. circulans st m53 (diet 5), l. lactis st g81 + ...201323811408
effects of carbohydrates on the onpg converting activity of β-galactosidases.the effects of high concentrations of carbohydrates on the o-nitrophenyl β-d-galactopyranoside (onpg) converting activity of β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans are studied to get a better understanding of the enzyme behavior in concentrated and complicated systems in which enzymatic synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides is usually performed. the components that were tested were glucose, galactose, lactose, sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, vivinal gos, dextran-6000, dextran-70,000, and sarcosi ...201323725091
involvement of gln679, in addition to trp687, in chitin-binding activity of the chitin-binding domain of chitinase a1 from bacillus circulans wl-12.chitinase a1 (chia1) from bacillus circulans wl-12 comprises an n-terminal catalytic domain, two fibronectin type iii domains, and a c-terminal chitin-binding domain (chbd). the chbd of chia1 (chbdchia1) belongs to carbohydrate-binding module (cbm) family 12 and specifically binds to insoluble or crystalline chitin. it has been suggested that tryptophan-687 (trp687) is involved in the chitin-binding activity of this chbd. site-directed mutagenesis was used to identify additional amino acid resid ...201323694779
strategies for modulating the ph-dependent activity of a family 11 glycoside hydrolase.the ph-dependent activity of wild-type bacillus circulans xylanase (bcx) is set by the pk(a) values of its nucleophile glu78 and general acid/base glu172. herein, we examined several strategies to manipulate these pk(a) values and thereby shift the ph(opt) at which bcx is optimally active. altering the global charge of bcx through random succinylation had no significant effect. mutation of residues near or within the active site of bcx, but not directly contacting the catalytic carboxyls, either ...201323578322
biodiversity of aerobic endospore-forming bacterial species occurring in yanyanku and ikpiru, fermented seeds of hibiscus sabdariffa used to produce food condiments in benin.yanyanku and ikpiru made by the fermentation of malcavene bean (hibiscus sabdariffa) are used as functional additives for parkia biglobosa seed fermentations in benin. a total of 355 aerobic endospore-forming bacteria (aefb) isolated from yanyanku and ikpiru produced in northern and southern benin were identified using phenotypic and genotypic methods, including gtg5-pcr, m13-pcr, 16s rrna, gyra and gyrb gene sequencing. generally, the same 5-6 species of the genus bacillus predominated: bacillu ...201323571124
characterization of β-galactosidase isoforms from bacillus circulans and their contribution to gos production.a β-galactosidase preparation from bacillus circulans consists of four isoforms called β-gal-a, β-gal-b, β-gal-c, and β-gal-d. these isoforms differ in lactose hydrolysis and galacto-oligosaccharide (gos) synthesis at low substrate concentrations. for this reason, using a selection of the isoforms may be relevant for gos production, which is typically done at high substrate concentrations. at initial lactose concentrations in between 0.44 % and 0.68 % (w/w), β-gal-a showed the least oligosacchar ...201323526073
optimisation of synthesis of oligosaccharides derived from lactulose (fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides) with β-galactosidases of different origin.batch synthesis of fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides from lactulose was performed with commercial β-galactosidase preparations from aspergillus oryzae, kluyveromyces lactis and bacillus circulans. the enzyme from a. oryzae produced the highest yield and specific productivity of synthesis, being selected for further studies. optimization of fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides synthesis was carried out using response surface methodology, considering temperature and initial sugar concentration as v ...201223497880
domain structure and function of α-1,3-glucanase from bacillus circulans ka-304, an enzyme essential for degrading basidiomycete cell walls.bacillus circulans ka-304 α-1,3-glucanase (agl-ka) includes an n-terminal discoidin domain (ds1), a carbohydrate binding module family 6 (cb6), threonine and proline repeats (tps), a second discoidin domain (ds2), an uncharacterized conserved domain (ucd), and a c-terminal catalytic domain. domain deletion enzymes lacking ds1, cb6, and ds2 exhibited lower α-1,3-glucan-hydrolyzing and -binding activities than the wild type, agl-ka. an α-1,3-glucan binding assay with fluorescent protein fusion pro ...201323470772
analysis of the bacterial diversity existing on animal hide and wool: development of a preliminary pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism fingerprint database for identifying isolates.twenty-one bacterial strains were isolated from imported cattle hide and rabbit wool using two types of media, nutrient broth, and nutrient broth with serum. the bacteria identified were brevibacillus laterosporus, leclercia adecarboxylata, peptococcus niger, bacillus circulans, raoultella ornithinolytica, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus thermobacillus, bacillus choshinensis, bacillus sphaericus, acinetobacter haemolyticus, sphingomonas paucimobilis, bacillus thuringiensis, staphylo ...201223451394
hierarchical meso-macroporous silica grafted with glyoxyl groups: opportunities for covalent immobilization of enzymes.hierarchical meso-macroporous silica (average mesopore diameter 20 nm) was synthesized and chemically modified to be used as a support for the immobilization of lipases from candida antarctica b and alcaligenes sp. and β-galactosidases from bacillus circulans and aspergillus oryzae. catalytic activities and thermal stabilities of enzymes immobilized by multipoint covalent attachment in silica derivatized with glyoxyl groups were compared with those immobilized in glyoxyl-agarose, assessing bioca ...201323416689
immobilization of nisin producer lactococcus lactis strains to chitin with surface-displayed chitin-binding domain.in this study, nisin producer lactococcus lactis strains displaying cell surface chitin-binding domain (chbd) and capable of immobilizing to chitin flakes were constructed. to obtain chbd-based cell immobilization, usp45 signal sequence with chbd of chitinase a1 enzyme from bacillus circulans was fused with different lengths of prtp (153, 344, and 800 aa) or acma (242 aa) anchors derived from l. lactis. according to the whole cell elisa analysis, chbd was successfully expressed on the surface of ...201323354445
detailed analysis of galactooligosaccharides synthesis with β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae.the synthesis of galactooligosaccharides (gos) catalyzed by β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae (enzeco) was studied. using 400 g/l of lactose and 15 u/ml, maximum gos yield, measured by hpaec-pad, was 26.8% w/w of total carbohydrates, obtained at approximately 70% lactose conversion. no less than 17 carbohydrates were identified; the major transgalactosylation product was 6'-o-β-galactosyl-lactose, representing nearly one-third (in weight) of total gos. in contrast with previous reports, th ...201323330921
the discoidin domain of bacillus circulans β-galactosidase plays an essential role in repressing galactooligosaccharide production.the recently cloned β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans atcc 31382, designated bgad, contains a multiple domain architecture including a f5/8 type c domain or a discoidin (ds) domain in the c-terminal peptide region. here we report that the ds domain plays an essential role in repressing the production of galactooligosaccharides (goss). we prepared deletion mutants and point-mutated forms of rbgad-a (deletion of the bgad signal peptide) to compare their reaction behaviors. the yields of goss ...201323291776
an alkaline protease from bacillus circulans bm15, newly isolated from a mangrove station: characterization and application in laundry detergent formulations.an investigation on the properties of an alkaline protease secreted by bacillus circulans bm15 strain isolated from a mangrove sediment sample was carried out in order to characterize the enzyme and to test its potency as a detergent additive. the protease was purified to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulphate precipitation and was a 30-kda protease as shown by sds-page and its proteolytic activity was detected by casein zymography. it had optimum activity at ph 7, was stable at alkaline ph r ...200723100681
antagonistic and antimicrobial activities of some bacterial isolates collected from soil samples.thirty seven bacterial cultures isolated from soil samples obtained from different locations were tested for their antagonistic activity against some fungal pathogens, viz., sclerotium rolfsii, fusarium oxysporum and rhizoctonia solani, causal agents of collar rot of sunflower, wilts and root rots, respectively. among them, 5 bacterial strains, viz., a1 6 (bacillus sphaericus), k1 24 (pseudomonas fluorescens), m1 42 (bacillus circulans), m1 66 (bacillus brevis) and t1 22 (bacillus brevis) showed ...200723100644
synthesis of prebiotic carbohydrates derived from cheese whey permeate by a combined process of isomerisation and transgalactosylation.lactose from cheese whey permeate (wp) was efficiently isomerised to lactulose using egg shell, a food-grade catalyst, and the subsequent transgalactosylation reaction of this mixture with β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans gave rise to a wide array of prebiotic carbohydrates derived from lactose and lactulose.201323096763
in silico identification of catalytic residues and domain fold of the family gh119 sharing the catalytic machinery with the α-amylase family gh57.the glycoside hydrolase family 119 (gh119) contains the α-amylase from bacillus circulans and five other hypothetical proteins. until now, nothing has been reported on the catalytic residues and catalytic-domain fold of gh119. based on a detailed in silico analysis involving sequence comparison in combination with blast searches and structural modelling, an unambiguous relationship was revealed between the families gh119 and gh57. this includes sharing the catalytic residues, i.e. glu231 and asp ...201222819817
novel thermostable lipase from bacillus circulans iiib153: comparison with the mesostable homologue at sequence and structure level.thermophilic bacillus circulans iiib153 isolated from hot springs of north west himalayas, india, produced an extracellular lipase, which exhibited significant biofilm disruption property on the static biofilm disruption model with a single species of actinomyces viscosous. the gene encoding the lipase was cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli. recombinant bacillus circulans lipase (bcl), a monomer with molecular mass of 43 kda also exhibited significant biofilm disruption activity. the e ...201122806795
bacillus spp. toxicity against haemonchus contortus larvae in sheep fecal cultures.the gastrointestinal nematode haemonchus contortus is a major productivity constraint in sheep. in this study, the nematicidal effects of bacillus circulans, bacillus cereus, bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, bt. var. osvaldocruzi, bt. var. morrisoni, and bt. var. kurstaki were assessed in free-living larval stages of h. contortus. a spore-crystal suspension containing approximately 2×10(8)ufc/ml of each strain was added to sheep feces that were naturally infected with h. contortus eggs, ...201222728159
kinetics and design relation for enzymatic conversion of lactose into galacto-oligosaccharides using commercial grade β-galactosidase.the enzymatic synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides (gos) from lactose was studied using commercial grade β-galactosidase (biolacta fn5) from bacillus circulans. the reaction was carried out under free enzyme condition varying initial lactose concentration (ilc: 55-525 g/l), enzyme concentration (0.05-1.575 g/l), temperature (30-50°c) and ph (5.0-6.0). reaction mixture compositions were analyzed utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). a maximum gos formation of 39% (dry basis) w ...201222695078
galacto-oligosaccharide synthesis from lactose solution or skim milk using the β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans.the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides (gos) catalyzed by a novel commercial preparation of β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans (biolactase) was studied, and the products were characterized by ms and nmr. using 400 g/l lactose and 1.5 enzyme units per milliliter, the maximum gos yield, measured by hpaec-pad analysis, was 165 g/l (41% w/w of total carbohydrates in the mixture). the major transgalactosylation products were the trisaccharide gal-β(1→4)-gal-β(1→4)-glc and the tetrasaccharide ...201222676418
hydrophobic interaction network analysis for thermostabilization of a mesophilic xylanase.one widely known drawback of enzymes is their instability in diverse conditions. the thermostability of enzymes is particularly relevant for industrial applications because operation at high temperatures has the advantage of a faster reaction rate. protein stability is mainly determined in this study by intra-molecular hydrophobic interactions that have a collective and 3-dimensional clustering effect. to interpret the thermostability of enzymes, network analysis was introduced into the protein ...201222642881
bacillus gottheilii sp. nov., isolated from a pharmaceutical manufacturing site.a novel gram-staining-positive, rod-shaped, motile, strictly aerobic, endospore-forming bacterium, designated wcc 4585(t), was isolated from a pharmaceutical production line. the organism grew optimally at 30 °c, at ph 8 and in the presence of 0.5 % (w/v) nacl. oval endospores were formed subterminally and terminally in swollen sporangia. the cell-wall diamino acid was meso-diaminopimelic acid (type a1γ) and the genomic dna g+c content was 38.7 mol%. the major menaquinone was mk-7. the cellular ...201322634699
biochemical characterization of a novel cycloisomaltooligosaccharide glucanotransferase from paenibacillus sp. 598k.cycloisomaltooligosaccharide glucanotransferase (citase; ec 2.4.1.248), a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 66 (gh66), catalyzes the intramolecular transglucosylation of dextran to produce cycloisomaltooligosaccharides (cis; cyclodextrans) of varying lengths. eight ci-producing bacteria have been found; however, citase from bacillus circulans t-3040 (citase-t3040) is the only ci-producing enzyme that has been characterized to date. in this study, we report the gene cloning, enzyme charact ...201222542750
evaluation of dna extraction methods and their clinical application for direct detection of causative bacteria in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis culture fluids from patients with peritonitis by using broad-range pcr.the aims of this study were to compare several dna extraction methods and 16s rdna primers and to evaluate the clinical utility of broad-range pcr in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) culture fluids.201222389878
structural analysis, enzymatic characterization, and catalytic mechanisms of β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans sp. alkalophilus.crystal structures of native and α-d-galactose-bound bacillus circulans sp. alkalophilus β-galactosidase (bca-β-gal) were determined at 2.40 and 2.25 å resolutions, respectively. bca-β-gal is a member of family 42 of glycoside hydrolases, and forms a 460 kda hexameric structure in crystal. the protein consists of three domains, of which the catalytic domain has an (α/β)(8) barrel structure with a cluster of sulfur-rich residues inside the β-barrel. the shape of the active site is clearly more op ...201222385475
fatal sepsis by bacillus circulans in an immunocompromised patient.an immunosuppressed man was admitted to hospital with diarrhea and a history of urinary tract infection. he was subjected to treatment with antibiotics. the patient died of putative severe sepsis. the etiological agent was a carbapenemase producing isolate of bacillus circulans with resistance to all prescribed antimicrobial agents.201122347600
bio-plastic (p-3hb-co-3hv) from bacillus circulans (mtcc 8167) and its biodegradation.polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) are naturally occurring polyesters synthesized by bacteria for carbon and energy storage and it has commercial potential as bioplastic. the bacterial species bacillus circulans mtcc 8167, isolated from crude oil contaminated soil, can efficiently produce medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (p-3hb-co-3hv) from cheap carbon sources like dextrose. the molecular mass of p-3hb-co-3hv was reported as 5.1×10(4)da with polydispersity index of 1.21 by gel permeation chr ...201122154099
First report of a bifunctional chitinase/lysozyme produced by Bacillus pumilus SG2.Bacillus pumilus SG2 isolated from high salinity ecosystem in Iran produces two chitinases (ChiS and ChiL) and secretes them into the medium. In this study, chiS and chiL genes were cloned in pQE-30 expression vector and were expressed in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli strain M15. The recombinant proteins were purified using Ni-NTA column. The optimum pH and optimum temperature for enzyme activity of ChiS were pH 6, 50°C; those of ChiL were pH 6.5, 40°C. The purified chitinases showed antifun ...201122112904
Effect of Bacillus subtilis BsuM restriction-modification on plasmid transfer by polyethylene glycol-induced protoplast fusion.Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced cell fusion is a promising method to transfer larger DNA from one cell to another than conventional genetic DNA transfer systems. The laboratory strain Bacillus subtilis 168 contains a restriction (R) and modification (M) system, BsuM, which recognizes the sequence 5'-CTCGAG-3'. To study whether the BsuM system affects DNA transfer by the PEG-induced cell fusion between R(+)M(+) and R(-)M(-) strains, we examined transfer of plasmids pHV33 and pLS32neo carrying n ...201122092861
Extracellular production of cycloisomaltooligosaccharide glucanotransferase and cyclodextran by a protease-deficient Bacillus subtilis host-vector system.A cycloisomaltooligosaccharide (CI; cyclodextran) production system was developed using a Bacillus subtilis expression system for the cycloisomaltooligosaccharide glucanotransferase (CITase) gene. The CITase gene of Bacillus circulans T-3040, along with the a-amylase promoter (PamyQ) and amyQ signal sequence of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, was cloned into the Bacillus expression vector pUB110 and subsequently expressed in B. subtilis strain 168 and its alkaline (aprE) and neutral (nprE) protease- ...201122075636
expression of a bacterial chitosanase in rice plants improves disease resistance to the rice blast fungus magnaporthe oryzae.plant fungal pathogens change their cell wall components during the infection process to avoid degradation by host lytic enzymes, and conversion of the cell wall chitin to chitosan is likely to be one infection strategy of pathogens. thus, introduction of chitosan-degradation activity into plants is expected to improve fungal disease resistance. chitosanase has been found in bacteria and fungi, but not in higher plants. here, we demonstrate that chitosanase, cho1, from bacillus circulans mh-k1 h ...201122044963
the residue 179 is involved in product specificity of the bacillus circulans df 9r cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase.cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases (cgtases) are important enzymes in biotechnology because of their ability to produce cyclodextrin (cd) mixtures from starch whose relative composition depends on enzyme source. a multiple alignment of 46 cgtases and shannon entropy analysis allowed us to find differences and similarities that could be related to product specificity. interestingly, position 179 has gly in all the cgtases except in that from bacillus circulans df 9r which possesses gln. the absenc ...201121993482
cloning of an endoglycanase gene from paenibacillus cookii and characterization of the recombinant enzyme.an endoglycanase gene of paenibacillus cookii ss-24 was cloned and sequenced. this pgl8a gene had an open reading frame of 1,230 bp that encoded a putative signal sequence (31 amino acids) and mature enzyme (378 amino acids: 41,835 da). the enzyme was most homologous to a β-1,3-1,4-glucanase of bacillus circulans wl-12 with 84% identity. the recombinant enzyme hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose, swollen celluloses, chitosan and lichenan but not avicel, chitin powder or xylan. with chitosan as th ...201121972145
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography on octyl sepharose--an approach for one-step platform purification of cyclodextrin glucanotransferases.Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from Bacillus circulans ATCC 21783 was concentrated by ultrafiltration and subsequently purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography on Octyl Sepharose 4 fast flow. The matrix was able to bind selectively to the enzyme at a very low ammonium sulfate concentration of 0.67 M and enzyme desorption was performed by decreasing gradient of the salt. The overall recovery was 80% with 689-fold purity. CGTases derived from four soil isolates and Toruzyme, th ...201121967336
dissecting electrostatic interactions in bacillus circulans xylanase through nmr-monitored ph titrations.nmr-monitored ph titration curves of proteins provide a rich source of structural and electrostatic information. although relatively straightforward to measure, interpreting ph-dependent chemical shift changes to obtain site-specific acid dissociation constants (pk (a) values) is challenging. in order to analyze the biphasic titrations exhibited by the side chain (13)c(γ) nuclei of the nucleophilic glu78 and general acid/base glu172 in bacillus circulans xylanase, we have ...201121947911
Structure, dynamics, and ionization equilibria of the tyrosine residues in Bacillus circulans xylanase.We have developed NMR spectroscopic methods to investigate the tyrosines within Bacillus circulans xylanase (BcX). Four slowly exchanging buried tyrosine hydroxyl protons with chemical shifts between 7.5 and 12.5 ppm were found using a long-range (13)C-HSQC experiment that exploits the (3)J(CH) coupling between the ring (1)H(?) and (13)C(e) nuclei. The NMR signals from these protons were assigned via (13)C-tyrosine selective labelling and a suite of scalar and (13)C,(15)N-filtered/edited NOE cor ...201121912982
Antibacterial activity of different degree of hydrolysis of palm kernel expeller peptides against spore-forming and non-spore-forming bacteria.The goal of this study was to determine inhibitory effect of palm kernel expeller (PKE) peptides of different degree of hydrolysis (DH %) against spore-forming bacteria Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus stearothermophillus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Clostridium perfringens; and non-spore-forming bacteria Escherichia coli, Lisinibacillus sphaericus, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas a ...201121848644
molecular phylogenetic diversity of bacillus community and its temporal-spatial distribution during the swine manure of composting.in order to obtain the diversity and temporal-spatial distribution of bacillus community during the swine manure composting, we utilized traditional culture methods and the modern molecular biology techniques of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) and -denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge). bacillus species were firstly isolated from the composting. based on temperature changes, the temporal-spatial characteristics of total culturable bacill ...201121701982
cloning and expression of a β-galactosidase gene of bacillus circulans.a gene of β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans atcc 31382 was cloned and sequenced on the basis of n-terminal and internal peptide sequences isolated from a commercial enzyme preparation, biolacta(®). using the cloned gene, recombinant β-galactosidase and its deletion mutants were overexpressed as his-tagged proteins in escherichia coli cells and the enzymes expressed were characterized.201121670516
thermal and chemical denaturation of bacillus circulans xylanase: a biophysical chemistry laboratory module.a number of institutions have been, or are in the process of, modifying their biochemistry major to include some emphasis on the quantitative physical chemistry of biomolecules. sometimes this is done as a replacement for part for the entire physical chemistry requirement, while at other institutions this is incorporated as a component into the traditional two-semester biochemistry series. the latter is the model used for biochemistry and molecular biology majors at the university of richmond, w ...200821591232
isolation of glucosidase and phospholipase positive bacillus circulans on aloa medium.aim:  to report the growth of glucosidase and phospholipase positive bacteria on agar listeria according to ottaviani and agosti (aloa) different from listeria monocytogenes, listeria ivanovii and bacillus cereus. methods and results:  raw water-buffalo milk was analysed according to en iso 11290. streaking of fraser broth on aloa resulted in green colonies with an opaque halo after 48 h at 30°c. colonies were transferred onto tryptone soya yeast extract agar and showed cultural characteristics ...201121575023
enhancing the stability of colloidal silver nanoparticles using polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha) from bacillus circulans (mtcc 8167) isolated from crude oil contaminated soil.polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) was produced by growing bacillus circulans (mtcc 8167) in the specific detection medium. the identification of the polymer as pha was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. the pha was purified and characterized using ft-ir. the silver nanoparticles (snp) were synthesized from agno(3) in the dispersed colloids of pha (0.085%) using nabh(4) (sodium borohydrate as reducing agent). the stability was tested using wave length scanning with a uv-vis spectrophotometer and fina ...201121565473
an atomic force microscopy study of galleria mellonella apolipophorin iii effect on bacteria.apolipophorin iii (apolp-iii) is an abundant hemolymph protein involved in lipid transport and immune response in insects. as revealed by live/dead staining, incubation of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in the presence of galleria mellonella apolp-iii led to growth inhibition of selected bacteria. an atomic force microscopy (afm) study of bacterial cells after apolp-iii treatment showed considerable alterations in the cell surface of bacillus circulans, klebsiella pneumoniae and salmon ...201121453676
[expression of modified oxidase of d-aminoacids of trigonopsis variabilis in methylotrophic yeasts pichia pastoris].effective recombinant strains pichia pastoris that produce functionally active hybrid of trigonopsis variabilis d-aminoacids bond with chitin-connecting domain of chitinase a1 of bacillus circulans (daocbd) were obtained. the dependence of daocbd production levels from production of the number of copies of "expression cassette" integrated in the aox1 locus of recombinant strains was studied. it was indicated that synthesized daocbd may be easily purified and immobilized on chitin sorbents and po ...201121442919
impact of chlorophenols on microbiota of an unpolluted acidic soil: microbial resistance and biodegradation.the impact of 2-monochlorophenol (mcp), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (tcp) and pentachlorophenol (pcp) on the microbial community of an acidic forest soil was studied under controlled laboratory conditions by spiking microcosms with the pollutants at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 5000 mg kg(-1) . a decrease in the cumulative respirometric values and changes in the bacterial and fungal community composition were detected at 1000 mg mcp kg(-1) , 100 mg tcp kg(-1) and 100 and 1000 mg pcp kg(-1) . how ...201121426365
effect of the substrate concentration and water activity on the yield and rate of the transfer reaction of ß-galactosidase from bacillus circulans.prebiotic galactosyl oligosaccharides (gos) are produced from lactose by the enzyme ß-galactosidase. it is widely reported that the highest gos levels are achieved when the initial lactose concentration is as high as possible; however, little evidence has been presented to explain this phenomenon. using a system composed of the commercial ß-galactosidase derived from bacillus circulans known as biolacta fn5, lactose and sucrose, the relative contribution of water activity, and substrate availabi ...201121375323
a comparative study of the regioselectivity of the ß-galactosidases from kluyveromyces lactis and bacillus circulans in the enzymatic synthesis of n-acetyl-lactosamine in aqueous media.the enzymatic synthesis of n-acetyl-lactosamine (lacnac) was studied in aqueous media with high substrate concentrations using the transgalactosylation of n-acetyl-d-glucosamine (glcnac), starting from lactose as a galactosyl donor. the efficiency and regioselectivity of the ß-galactosidases from kluyveromyces lactis (klßgal) and bacillus circulans (bcßgal) were compared. the reaction was optimized by varying the experimental conditions (ph, catalytic activity concentration, and mass concentrati ...201121344676
cloning, expression and characterization of a new aspartate aminotransferase from bacillus subtilis b3.in the present study, we report the identification of a new gene from the bacillus subtilis b3 strain (aatb3), which comprises 1308 bp encoding a 436 amino acid protein with a monomer molecular weight of 49.1 kda. phylogenetic analyses suggested that this enzyme is a member of the ib subgroup of aspartate aminotransferases (aats; ec 2.6.1.1), although it also has conserved active residues and thermostability characteristic of ia-type aats. the asp232, lys270 and arg403 residues of aatb3 play a k ...201121332942
causes of the production of multiple forms of ß-galactosidase by bacillus circulans.the presence of multiple types of ß-galactosidases in a commercial enzyme preparation from bacillus circulans atcc 31382 and differences in their transgalactosylation activity were investigated. four ß-galactosidases, ß-gal-a, ß-gal-b, ß-gal-c, and ß-gal-d, which were immunologically homologous, were isolated and characterized. the n-terminal amino acid sequences of all of the enzymes were identical and biochemical characteristics were similar, except for galactooligosaccharide production. ß-gal ...201121307599
n-terminal region of chitinase i of bacillus circulans ka-304 contained new chitin-biding domain.chitinase i (chi1) of bacillus circulans ka-304 forms protoplasts from schizophyllum commune mycelia when the enzyme is combined with a-1,3-glucanase of b. circulans ka-304. chi1 consists of an n-terminal unknown region and a c-terminal catalytic region classified into the glycoside hydrolase family-19 type. an n-terminal region-truncated mutant of chi 1 (catchi1), which was expressed in escherichia coli rosetta-gami b (de3), lost colloidal chitin- and powder chitin-binding activities. the collo ...201121307593
deletion analysis of regions at the c-terminal part of cycloisomaltooligosaccharide glucanotransferase from bacillus circulans t-3040.cycloisomaltooligosaccharide glucanotransferase (citase) belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 66. according to the sequence alignment of enzymes in the same family, we divided the structure of citase into five regions from the n terminus to the c terminus: an n-terminal conserved region (ser1-gly403), an insertion region (r1; tyr404-tyr492), two conserved regions (r2; glu493-ser596 and r3; gly597-met700), and a c-terminal variable region (r4; lys701-ser934). citase catalyzes the synthesis of cy ...201021193067
bacterial degradation of fungicide captan.the phthalimide fungicide captan has been widely used to control plant pathogenic fungi. a strain of bacillus circulans utilized the fungicide captan as sole source of carbon and energy. the organism degraded captan by a pathway involving its initial hydrolysis to yield cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide, a compound without fungicidal activity. the formation of this compound was confirmed by hplc, ir, nmr, and mass spectral analysis. the results also revealed that cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimid ...201021121628
thermostabilization of bacillus circulans xylanase: computational optimization of unstable residues based on thermal fluctuation analysis.low thermostability often hampers the applications of xylanases in industrial processes operated at high temperature, such as degradation of biomass or pulp bleaching. thermostability of enzymes can be improved by the optimization of unstable residues via protein engineering. in this study, computational modeling instead of random mutagenesis was used to optimize unstable residues of bacillus circulans xylanase (bcx). the thermal fluctuations of unstable residues known as important to the therma ...201020959126
isolation and characterization of bacteria from the gut of bombyx mori that degrade cellulose, xylan, pectin and starch and their impact on digestion.bombyx mori l. (lepidoptera: bombycidae) have been domesticated and widely used for silk production. it feeds on mulberry leaves. mulberry leaves are mainly composed of pectin, xylan, cellulose and starch. some of the digestive enzymes that degrade these carbohydrates might be produced by gut bacteria. eleven isolates were obtained from the digestive tract of b. mori, including the gram positive bacillus circulans and gram negative proteus vulgaris, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, citro ...201020874394
enzymatic synthesis of lacto-n-difucohexaose i which binds to helicobacter pylori.helicobacter pylori is known to bind with sugar chains possessing lewis b structure. we are trying to combine oligosaccharides containing lewis b sugar chain to water insoluble polysaccharide through some linker. lacto-n-difucohexaose i (lndfh i; fucalpha1-->2galbeta1-->3[fucalpha1-->4]glcnacbeta1-->3galbeta1-->4glc) fits for that purpose, since it consists of lewis b tetrasaccharide and lactose whose d-glucose residue can be utilized as a linker. we thus developed a method to synthesize this he ...201020816225
measuring "unmeasurable" folding kinetics of proteins by single-molecule force spectroscopy.folding and unfolding are fundamental biological processes in cell and are important for the biological functions of proteins. characterizing the folding and unfolding kinetics of proteins is important for understanding the energetic landscape leading to the active native conformations of these molecules. however, the thermal or chemical-induced unfolding of many proteins is irreversible in vitro, precluding characterization of the folding kinetics of such proteins, just as it is impossible to " ...201020691701
enzymatic synthesis and characterization of hydroquinone galactoside using kluyveromyces lactis lactase.hydroquinone galactoside (hq-gal) as a potential skin whitening agent was synthesized by the reaction of lactase (beta-galactosidase) from kluyveromyces lactis, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus circulans, and thermus sp. with lactose as a donor and hq as an acceptor. among these lactases, the acceptor reaction involving hq and lactose with k. lactis lactase showed a higher conversion ratio to hq-gal (60.27%). hq-gal was purified using butanol partitioning and silica gel column chromatography. the st ...201020687552
effect of size, quaternary structure and translational error on the static and dynamic heterogeneity of beta-galactosidase and measurement of electrophoretic dynamic heterogeneity.single enzyme molecule assays were performed using capillary electrophoresis-based protocols on beta-galactosidase from lactobacillus delbrueckii, lactobacillus reuteri, lactobacillus helveticus and bacillus circulans. the enzyme was found to show static heterogeneity with respect to catalytic rate and the variance in rate increased with protein size. this is consistent with the proposal that random errors in translation may be an important underlying component of enzyme heterogeneity. additiona ...201020607374
the effects of organic solvents on the efficiency and regioselectivity of n-acetyl-lactosamine synthesis, using the β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans in hydro-organic media.the enzymatic synthesis of n-acetyl-lactosamine (lacnac) by the transgalactosylation of n-acetyl-d-glucosamine (glcnac), catalyzed by the β-galactosidase from bacillus circulans (bcβgal), was studied in hydro-organic media, starting from o-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside (onpg) as a galactosyl donor. thermal stability and synthesis activity of bcβgal were shown to depend on the organic solvent polarity, characterized by its log p value. bcβgal was thus most stable in 10% (v/v) t-buoh, an organ ...201020568279
roles of a 20 kda protein associated with a carbocycle-forming enzyme involved in aminoglycoside biosynthesis in primary and secondary metabolism.2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose (doi) synthase participates in the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine (dos)-containing aminoglycoside antibiotics. the enzyme is expected to be of industrial use, because it converts a sustainable resource (glucose 6-phosphate) into carbocycle (doi), which easily aromatizes to yield catechol. in the present study, we clarified the physiological role of a non-catalytic 20 kda protein, btrc2, associated with doi synthase from the butirosin-producer bacillus circulans. based ...201020530911
the effect of ph and chemical preservatives on the growth of bacterial isolates from some nigerian packaged fruit juices.bacterial pathogens were isolated from some nigerian packaged fruit juices. the isolates were characterized and identified as bacillus licheniformis, aeromonas hydrophila, bacillus circulans, proteus morganii, pseudomonas cepacia, bacillus alvei and pseudomonas chlororaphis. the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the seven isolates was determined and it was discovered that 65% of the microorganisms isolated were resistance to the antibiotic used while 35% were sensitive. the effect of ph, benz ...201020415148
improvement of bacillus circulans beta-amylase activity attained using the ancestral mutation method.thermostabilization of enzymes is one of the greatest challenges of protein engineering. the ancestral mutation method, which introduces ancestral residues into a target enzyme, has previously been developed and used to improve the thermostabilities of thermophilic enzymes. herein, we report a study that used the ancestral mutation method to improve the thermostability of bacillus circulans beta-amylase, a mesophilic enzyme. a bacterial, common-ancestral beta-amylase sequence was inferred using ...201020406825
circular permutation of bacillus circulans xylanase: a kinetic and structural study.the 20 kda bacillus circulans bcx is a well-studied endoxylanase with a beta-jellyroll fold that places its n- and c-termini in salt bridge contact. initial experiments verified that bcx could be circularly permuted by pcr methods to introduce new termini in loop regions while linking its native termini directly or via one or two glycines. subsequently, a library of circular permutants, generated by random dnase cleavage of the circularized bcx gene, was screened for xylanase activity on xylan i ...201020163191
enzymatic thioxyloside synthesis: characterization of thioglycoligase variants identified from a site-saturation mutagenesis library of bacillus circulans xylanase.thioglycoligases are engineered enzymes for the synthesis of thioglycosides that are derived from retaining glycosidases by replacing the acid/base catalyst. the optimal choice of substitution for the acid/base mutant is currently unknown, so to investigate this question a complete acid/base library of the model glycosidase bacillus circulans xylanase (bcx) was generated by using site-saturation mutagenesis. a novel screening approach combining active site titration with semiquantitative product ...201020112321
thermostabilization of bacillus circulans xylanase via computational design of a flexible surface cavity.despite recent advances in our understanding of the importance of protein-surface properties for protein thermostability, to date many rational designs have been focused instead on protein-core characteristics such as core packing and cavity filling. rational strategies to design protein surfaces to improve protein thermostability have not yet been well investigated. here, an efficient rational design of a surface cavity for improving protein thermostability without reducing enzyme activity is s ...201020074594
identification and application of aflp-derived genetic markers for quantitative pcr-based tracking of bacillus and paenibacillus spp. released in soil.in this study, we show that noncoding sequences from amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) can provide robust and sensitive genetic markers suitable for pcr-based discrimination of closely related strains of bacillus and paenibacillus, and quantitative pcr (qpcr)-based tracking of the strains in complex natural systems like soil. quantitative pcr was accurate in the approximately 1 x 10(9) to approximately 1 x 10(4) colony forming units (cfu)/g soil range. the detection limit was impro ...200919935889
facile pretreatment of bacillus circulans beta-galactosidase increases the yield of galactosyl oligosaccharides in milk and lactose reaction systems.the commercially available preparation of beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans , known as biolacta fn5, has been extensively used in the production of prebiotic galactooligosaccharides (gos). this study focuses on characterizing the production of gos in two reaction systems: 10% lactose (w/v) in buffer and skim milk. analysis of the temperature dependence of the gos yield along with the relative rates of gos synthesis and degradation leads to the finding that gos degradation activity was s ...200919921828
analysis of the involvement of chitin-binding domain of chicw in antifungal activity, and engineering a novel chimeric chitinase with high enzyme and antifungal activities.an antifungal chitinase, chicw, produced by bacillus cereus 28-9 is effective against conidial germination of botrytis elliptica, the causal agent of lily leaf blight. chicw as a modular enzyme consists of a signal peptide, a catalytic domain, a fibronectin type-iii-like domain, and a chitin-binding domain. when two c-terminal domains of chicw were truncated, chicwdeltafc (lacking the chitin-binding domain and fibronectin type iii-like domain) lost its antifungal activity. since chicwdeltaac (la ...200919884776
static magnetic field exposure fails to affect the viability of different bacteria strains.the viability of the microbes saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus circulans, escherichia coli, micrococcus luteus, pseudomonas fluorescens, salmonella enteritidis, serratia marcescens, and staphylococcus aureus was tested under static magnetic field exposure up to 24 h in either a homogeneous (159.2 +/- 13.4 mt) or three types of inhomogeneous static magnetic fields: (i) peak-to-peak magnetic flux density 476.7 +/- 0.1 mt with a lateral magnetic flux density gradient of 47.7 t/m, (ii) 12.0 +/- 0. ...201019821495
[gene cloning and overexpression of dichloromethane dehalogenase from bacillus circulans wz-12].the dcmr gene encoding dichloromethane dehalogenase was amplified by pcr from bacillus circulans wz-12 and cloned to expression vector pet28b(+), yielding recombinant plasmid pet28b(+)-dcmr. then plasmid pet28b(+)-dcmr was introduced into escherichia. coli bl21(de3). expression was induced by iptg,and the enzyme activity reached 25.78 u/ml, the specific enzyme activity reached 88.86 u/mg protein.the periplasmic and cytoplasmic enzyme activity reached 2.92 u/ml and 22.86 u/ml respectively.all res ...200919799320
in vitro antimicrobial effect of satureja wiedemanniana against bacillus species isolated from raw meat samples.in this study a total of 30 raw meat samples obtained from ankara, turkey were screened for the presence of bacillus species. among the meat samples analyzed, the predominant species isolated was bacillus circulans; other bacillus species were identified as bacillus firmus, bacillus lentus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mycoides, bacillus sphaericus, and bacillus cereus. minced meat samples were more contaminated with bacillus species than sliced beef sample. from these s ...200919735196
survey of bacterial populations present in us-produced linerboard with high recycle content.to survey paperboard products from 17 us mills for bacterial populations and for bacteria potentially harmful to human health.201019645765
evaluation of antineoplastic activity of extracellular asparaginase produced by isolated bacillus circulans.l-asparaginase is an important component in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. its antineoplastic activity toward malignant cells is due to their characteristic nature in slow synthesis of l-asparagine (asn), which causes starvation for this amino acid, while normal cells are protected from asn starvation due to their ability to produce this amino acid. the relative selectivity with regard to the metabolism of malignant cells forces to look for novel asparaginase with lit ...201019543838
a robust method for the joint estimation of yield coefficients and kinetic parameters in bioprocess models.bioprocess model structures that require nonlinear parameter estimation, thus initialization values, are often subject to poor identification performances because of the uncertainty on those initialization values. under some conditions on the model structure, it is possible to partially circumvent this problem by an appropriate decoupling of the linear part of the model from the nonlinear part of it. this article provides a procedure to be followed when these structural conditions are not satisf ...200919455623
[biosynthesis of secreted ribonucleases by bacillus intermedius and bacillus circulans during nitrogen starvation]. 200919449735
additional carbohydrate-binding modules enhance the insoluble substrate-hydrolytic activity of beta-1,3-glucanase from alkaliphilic nocardiopsis sp. f96.beta-1,3-glucanase (bglf) from nocardiopsis sp. f96 is composed of only a catalytic domain. to improve the enzymatic properties of bglf, we attempted to construct chimeric enzymes consisting of bglf and some carbohydrate-binding modules, such as the c-terminal additional domain (cad) and the n-terminal additional domain (nad) of beta-1,3-glucanase h from bacillus circulans iam1165 and the chitin-binding domain (chbd) of chitinase from alkaliphilic bacillus sp. j813. cad-fused bglf (bglf-cad), na ...200919420727
characterization of temperature dependent and substrate-binding cleft movements in bacillus circulans family 11 xylanase: a molecular dynamics investigation.xylanases (ec 3.2.1.8) hydrolyze xylan, one of the most abundant plant polysaccharides found in nature, and have many potential applications in biotechnology.200919409448
effective enzymatic synthesis of lactosucrose and its analogues by beta-d-galactosidase from bacillus circulans.in the present study, beta-d-galactosidase from bacillus circulans was proved to be a suitable biocatalyst for the production of lactosucrose (beta-d-galp-(1-->4)-alpha-d-glcp-(1-->2)-beta-d-fruf, i) and its analogues from lactose and sucrose. during the hydrolysis of lactose, the formation of four transfer products was followed by high performance liquid chromatography with refraction index detector. in addition, the transfer products were isolated from the reaction mixture and identified to be ...200919326862
identification and cloning of a gene encoding dichloromethane dehalogenase from a methylotrophic bacterium, bacillus circulans wz-12 cctcc m 207006.the gene dehala encoding a novel dichloromethane dehalogenases (dehala), has been cloned from bacillus circulans wz-12 cctcc m 207006. the open reading frame of dehala, spanning 864 bp, encoded a 288-amino acid protein that showed 85.76% identity to the dichloromethane dehalogenases of hyphomicrobium sp. gj21 with several commonly conserved sequences. these sequences could not be found in putative dichloromethane (dcm) dehalogenases reported from other bacteria and fungi. dehala was expressed in ...200919277720
role of chitin binding domain of chitinase a of streptomyces cyaneus sp-27 in protoplast formation from schizophyllum commune.chitinase a (chia) of streptomyces cyaneus sp-27 forms protoplasts from schizophyllum commune mycelia when it is combined with alpha-1,3-glucanase of bacillus circulans ka-304. an n-terminal chitin-binding domain truncated mutant (catchia), which was expressed in escherichia coli rosetta-gami b (de 3), lost most of its colloidal chitin- and powder chitin-binding activity. the colloidal chitin-hydrolyzing, the powder chitin-hydrolyzing, and the protoplast-forming activities of catchia were lower ...200919270417
antimicrobial biosurfactants from marine bacillus circulans: extracellular synthesis and purification.to purify the biosurfactant produced by a marine bacillus circulans strain and evaluate the improvement in surface and antimicrobial activities.200919187506
bacillus circulans paracardiac infection in non-hodgkin lymphoma--a case report.a case report is presented concerning bacillus circulans paracardiac infection in a 27 year old woman with non-hodgkin lymphoma.200819097386
enhancement of l-asparaginase production by isolated bacillus circulans (mtcc 8574) using response surface methodology.l-asparaginase production was optimized using isolated bacillus circulans (mtcc 8574) under solid-state fermentation (ssf) using locally available agricultural waste materials. among different agricultural materials (red gram husk, bengal gram husk, coconut, and groundnut cake), red gram husk gave the maximum enzyme production. a wide range of ssf parameters were optimized for maximize the production of l-asparaginase. preliminary studies revealed that incubation temperature, moisture content, i ...200919052920
[influence of different sources of carbon and nitrogen on the biosynthesis of proteolytic complexes by bacillus circulans 693, bacillus sp. 27 and yarrowia lipolytica 2061 strains].the influence of different factors on the biosynthesis of extracellular proteolytic complexes by strains-producers bacillus circulans 693, bacillus sp. 27 and yarrowia lipolytica 2061 at submerged cultivation has been investigated. it has been shown that ammonium hydrocarbonate and gelatin with glucose were optimum carbon and nitrogen sources for synthesis of proteolytic activity of b. circulans strain 693, gelatin with arabinose--for bacillus sp. 27, gelatin and glycine with sorbose--for y. lip ...200818959038
biological control of late leaf spot of peanut (arachis hypogaea) with chitinolytic bacteria.abstract late leaf spot (lls), caused by phaeoisariopsis personata, is a foliar disease of groundnut or peanut (arachis hypogaea) with high economic and global importance. antifungal and chitinolytic bacillus circulans grs 243 and serratia marcescens gps 5, selected among a collection of 393 peanut-associated bacteria, were applied as a prophylactic foliar spray and tested for control of lls. chitin-supplemented application of b. circulans grs 243 and s. marcescens gps 5 resulted in improved bio ...200518943468
effect of a probiotic bacterium bacillus circulans pb7 in the formulated diets: on growth, nutritional quality and immunity of catla catla (ham.).bacillus circulans pb7, isolated from the intestine of catla catla, was evaluated for use as a probiotic supplement in the feeds for the fingerlings of catla catla. the effect of supplement on the growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, and immune response was evaluated. catla fingerlings (ave. wt. 6.48 +/- 0.43 g) were fed diets supplemented with 2 x 10(4) (feed c1), 2 x 10(5) (feed c2), and 2 x 10(6) (feed c3) b. circulans pb 7 cells per 100 g feed for 60 days at 5% of the body weight ...200918931930
structure-function relationship in cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans df 9r.cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases (cgtases e.c.2.4.1.19) catalyze cyclomaltooligosaccharides (cyclodextrins) production, an important industrial process. we herein report structural features of bacillus circulans df 9r cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase including its sequence and several aspects of enzyme structure-function relationship. protein ethoxyformylation, under our experimental conditions, indicated that only one out of the 13 enzyme histidines was modified leading to a drastic drop in cy ...200918922514
rapid quantification of a microbial surfactant by a simple turbidometric method.quantification of the biosurfactants produced by a variety of microorganisms is a time taking and difficult task due to the lack of rapid, efficient and accurate methods. this work presents a simple turbidometric method for quantification of crude biosurfactants based on their property to become insoluble at low ph values. biosurfactants obtained from a bacillus sp. using different carbon substrates showed a good linear correlation (r(2)>0.99) between biosurfactant concentrations and turbidity i ...200918840480
a novel beta-mannanase with high specific activity from bacillus circulans cgmcc1554: gene cloning, expression and enzymatic characterization.a dna fragment of 2,042 bp containing a novel beta-mannanase gene, man5a, was identified from the genome of the mannan-degrading bacterium bacillus circulans cgmcc1554. the open reading frame of man5a comprised 978 bp encoding a protein of 326 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 32 kda. the amino acid sequence of the encoded mannanase, man5a, showed the highest identity (78.5%) to beta-mannanases belonging to glycosyl hydrolases family 5. the gene man5a was efficiently expressed in ...200918820840
environmental effects on transglutaminase production and cell sporulation in submerged cultivation of bacillus circulans.in this research, the effects of ph, temperature, and oxygen on growth kinetics of a newly isolated strain of bacillus circulans from the amazon and their correlations with transglutaminase (tgase) production and cell sporulation were investigated. statistical experimental methods were used to optimize these parameters, while induction of sporulation was achieved by oxygen culture control. full factorial composite experimental design and response surface methodology were experimentally tested. t ...200918716920
the cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase of paenibacillus pabuli us132 strain: molecular characterization and overproduction of the recombinant enzyme.the gene encoding the cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) of paenibacillus pabuli us132, previously described as efficient antistaling agent and good candidate for cyclodextrins production, was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. sequence analysis showed that the mature enzyme (684 amino acids) was preceded by a signal peptide of 34 residues. the enzyme exhibited the highest identity (94%) to the beta-cgtase of bacillus circulans no. 8. the production of the recombinant c ...200818704190
solid state bioreactor production of transglutaminase by amazonian bacillus circulans bl32 strain.in this work, we investigated the production of transglutaminase (tgase) by an amazonian isolated strain of bacillus circulans by solid-state cultivation (ssc). several agro-industrial residues, such as untreated corn grits, milled brewers rice, industrial fibrous soy residue, soy hull, and malt bagasse, were used as substrates for microbial growth and enzyme production. growth on industrial fibrous soy residue, which is rich in protein and hemicellulose, produced the highest tgase activity (0.7 ...200818696133
chemoenzymatic acylation of aminoglycoside antibiotics.the chemoenzymatic installation of the clinically valuable (s)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl side chain onto a number of 2-deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycosides is described using the purified bacillus circulans biosynthetic enzymes btrh and btrg in combination with a synthetic acyl-snac surrogate substrate.200818685777
mechanistic study on the reaction of a radical sam dehydrogenase btrn by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.btrn is a radical sam ( s-adenosyl- l-methionine) enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 2-deoxy- scyllo-inosamine (doia) into 3-amino-2,3-dideoxy- scyllo-inosose (amino-doi) during the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine (dos) in the butirosin producer bacillus circulans. recently, we have shown that btrn catalyzes the transfer of a hydrogen atom at c-3 of doia to 5'-deoxyadenosine, and thus, the reaction was proposed to proceed through the hydrogen atom abstraction by the 5'-deoxyadenosyl radic ...200818672902
cloning and expression of chitinase a gene from streptomyces cyaneus sp-27: the enzyme participates in protoplast formation of schizophyllum commune.chitinase a of streptomyces cyaneus sp-27 or chitinase i of bacillus circulans ka-304 showed the protoplast-forming activity when combined with alpha-1,3-glucanase of b. circulans ka-304. the gene of chitinase a was cloned. it consisted of 903 nucleotides encoding 301 amino acid residues, including a putative signal peptide (35 amino acid residues). the deduced n-terminal moiety of chitinase a showed sequence homology with the chitin-binding domain of chitinase f from streptomyces coelicolor and ...200818603792
hydrolysis of lactose in skim milk by immobilized beta-galactosidase (bacillus circulans).a novel chemical reactor, consisting of beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans immobilized onto a ribbed membrane made from polyvinylchloride and silica, was used to hydrolyze the lactose constituent of skim milk. multiresponse nonlinear regression methods were employed to determine the kinetic parameters of rate expressions based on a proposed enzymatic mechanism that includes the formation of oligosaccharides. high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) methods were employed to monitor t ...199218600962
the interaction of xylanases with commercial pulps.when purified xylanases from trichoderma harzianum e58 or from a clone of bacillus circulans were incubated with various low-yield wood pulps, little of the original enzyme activity could be detected in the filtrate at the end of the reaction. partial bleaching of the pulps prior to enzymatic treatment generally resulted in an increased recovery of the xylanase activity. it appears that both nonspecific adsorption and soluble inhibitors may be responsible for the loss of much of the xylanase act ...199118597365
studies on improving the immobilized bead reusability and alkaline protease production by isolated immobilized bacillus circulans (mtcc 6811) using overall evaluation criteria.this study uses an overall evaluation criterion for improving the immobilized bead reusability and extracellular enzyme production by immobilized cells by assigning relative weightage to bead reusability, enzyme production, and cell leakage. initially, alkaline protease production by alginate-immobilized bacillus circulans (mtcc 6811) was analyzed using l18 orthogonal array (oa). the resultant optimized parameters were further fine-tuned with l9 oa experimentation. at l18-oa analysis, inoculum l ...200818568299
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