| in-vitro evaluation of cefpirome (hr 810), teicoplanin and four other antimicrobials against enterococci. | in-vitro activities of cefpirome (hr 810), a fourth generation cephalosporin, and teicoplanin were compared with those of ampicillin, piperacillin, and vancomycin against 56 clinical isolates of enterococci. cefpirome had good activity with the mic90 and mbc90 being 4 and 16 mg/l. ampicillin and piperacillin had mbc90 of 4 and 16 mg/l. teicoplanin was extremely active with the mic90 being 1.6 mg/l while vancomycin had poor cidal activity with the mbc90 being 16 mg/l. a decrease in activity of ce ... | 1985 | 2933380 |
| in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin against pediatric pathogens. | we tested ciprofloxacin, a new quinoline derivative, against 783 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria utilizing either standardized microbroth or agar dilution methods. ciprofloxacin activity was compared to that of cephalosporins, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tobramycin, ticarcillin, erythromycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. mic90 values (range) in micrograms/ml were: pseudomonas aeruginosa = 1 (less than or equal to 0.015-8); staphylococcus spp. = 0.12 (less th ... | 1985 | 2934233 |
| the in-vitro comparative activity of quinolones against bacteria from urinary tract infections in general practice. | in a study of lower urinary tract infection in general practice over twelve hundred strains have been isolated. eight hundred and sixty-six consecutive strains were tested against four quinolone compounds. sixty-nine per cent of the isolates were escherichia coli and 15% coagulase-negative staphylococci (mostly staphylococcus saprophyticus). the diffusion method, according to i.c.s. recommendation, was used and standardized for extrapolation of mic results. ciprofloxacin followed by norfloxacin ... | 1986 | 2936709 |
| the vanadate-sensitive atpase of streptococcus faecalis pumps potassium in a reconstituted system. | the vanadate-sensitive atpase of streptococcus faecalis, purified to homogeneity, was reconstituted into soybean phospholipid vesicles in a functional state. freeze-fracture electron micrographs revealed a relatively uniform population of unilamellar liposomes of 50-100 nm in diameter, with particles protruding from both fracture faces. transport studies with 42k+ and with a k+-selective electrode showed that the atp-ase catalyzes electrogenic potassium extrusion in proteoliposomes. the followin ... | 1986 | 2936740 |
| quinolones and colonization resistance in human volunteers. | the suppression of alimentary canal flora by the three quinolones nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin was investigated in fifteen volunteers. they received the three quinolone compounds in tablet form both uncoated and colon-coated. escherichia coli suppression was poor under nalidixic acid, but complete under ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin for both administration forms. the indigenous anaerobic flora contributing to the control of aerobic streptococcus faecalis and candida albicans in th ... | 1986 | 2938072 |
| activity of ciprofloxacin against resistant clinical isolates. | the in-vitro activity of ciprofloxacin, a new quinolone derivative, was determined by broth microdilution for 518 clinical isolates. the mics for 90% of the organisms were 2 mg/l for pseudomonas aeruginosa, 8 mg/l for p. maltophilia, 4 mg/l for other pseudomonas spp., 1 mg/l for acinetobacter anitratus, 0.03-0.5 mg/l for differing species of enterobacteriaceae, 2 mg/l for streptococcus faecalis, 0.25 mg/l for coagulase-negative staphylococcus spp. and 2 mg/l for s. aureus. furthermore, on a weig ... | 1986 | 2939048 |
| effect of oral ciprofloxacin on the faecal flora of healthy volunteers. | the effect of oral ciprofloxacin on the intestinal flora was investigated in six male volunteers aged between 21 and 54 years. faecal specimens were cultured quantitatively for aerobic and anaerobic micro-organisms before, during and after a five day course of ciprofloxacin. ciprofloxacin resulted in a significant reduction in aerobic flora in all volunteers and colonisation with resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci or corynebacteria in two volunteers. the total anaerobic flora counts were ... | 1986 | 2941281 |
| clinical evaluation of teicoplanin for therapy of severe infections caused by gram-positive bacteria. | teicoplanin was evaluated in 47 patients with severe infections, including 14 patients with bone infections, 11 patients with soft-tissue infections, 7 patients with endocarditis, 5 patients with pneumonia, 3 patients with septic thrombophlebitis, 3 patients with septicemia of unknown origin, and 4 patients with miscellaneous infections. overall, bacteremia was documented in 24 patients. the pathogens isolated were 35 strains of staphylococcus aureus (including 8 methicillin-resistant strains), ... | 1986 | 2942100 |
| comparison of pharmacokinetics and bactericidal activity of teicoplanin and vancomycin. | teicoplanin (0.2 g) or vancomycin (1 g) were infused over 3 and 50 min respectively to six male volunteers in a cross-over study. each drug was administered twice at a 14 h interval. the pharmacokinetics of both drugs were accurately described using a two-compartment model. vancomycin had a shorter half-life (5.8 +/- 1.8 h) compared to teicoplainin (33.2 +/- 5.1 h; p less than 0.001). one hour serum was tested for serum bactericidal activity against ten strains each of staphylococcus aureus (med ... | 1986 | 2945811 |
| carriage rates of enterococci in the dental plaque of haemodialysis patients in dublin. | the incidence of carriage of enterococci in dental plaque was determined in haemodialysis patients attending three clinics in the dublin area either as outpatients or as hospitalised patients. their carriage rates were compared with a university group comprising normal healthy students, academic staff, technicians and ancillary personnel and with a cohort of otherwise healthy toothache patients. the carriage rates among the staffs of the dialysis units also were examined. the overall carriage ra ... | 1987 | 2948541 |
| arginine modification with butanedione inhibits the potassium atpase of streptococcus faecalis. | the k+-atpase of streptococcus faecalis is inhibited by incubation with the arginine-modifying reagent 2,3-butanedione. the inactivation proceeds by pseudo - first order kinetics and a double-logarithmic plot of the pseudo - first order rate constants versus reagent concentrations yields a reaction order of 1.14 with respect to butanedione. partially inactivated atpase exhibits a decreased maximal velocity but the same affinity for atp, as compared to the native enzyme. butanedione modification ... | 1987 | 2949744 |
| [pathological study of streptococcus faecalis antigen-induced arthritis in new zealand white rabbits]. | the pathological examination of the rabbit knee joint with antigen-induced arthritis produced by heat-killed streptococcus faecalis (str. faec.) as antigen was carried out. macroscopically, there were findings of acute inflammation about five hours after the injection. histopathologically, very remarkable acute exudative inflammation was seen 48 hours later. this supported the picture of arthus reaction. the arthus reaction disappeared with time, and this supported the view of delayed-type hyper ... | 1987 | 2949993 |
| [aneurysm of the ulnar artery in streptococcus bovis septicemia. first case]. | | 1987 | 2951723 |
| cloning of the k+-atpase of streptococcus faecalis. structural and evolutionary implications of its homology to the kdpb-protein of escherichia coli. | the k+-atpase of streptococcus faecalis consists of a single polypeptide component of relative mr = 78,000 and serves as an atp-driven pump for the accumulation of potassium by the bacterial cell. the gene encoding this atpase was isolated by immunological screening of an s. faecalis genomic library in the escherichia coli/puc8 host/vector system. two independently derived clones express the full-size atpase polypeptide. transcription and translation of the cloned dna apparently proceed by means ... | 1987 | 2953719 |
| differential recognition of oral indigenous bacteria by salivary immunoglobulins a and g. | assuming that salivary immunity to indigenous microorganisms could develop, we assessed antibacterial reactivities of natural salivary antibodies in specific pathogen-free inbred mice. an elisa was set up, using whole bacterial cells, to map reactivities of salivary iga and igg which accounted respectively for 91% and 8.7% of salivary ig's in the balb/c mouse. representative strains of seven species from three genera (lactobacilli, staphylococci, and streptococci), including major and minor comp ... | 1987 | 2956481 |
| quality control limits for teicoplanin susceptibility tests and confirmation of disk diffusion interpretive criteria. | for monitoring the performance of teicoplanin susceptibility tests, the following quality control limits are recommended: staphylococcus aureus atcc 29213, mic of 0.12 to 0.5 micrograms/ml; enterococcus faecalis atcc 29212, mic of 0.06 to 0.25 micrograms/ml; and s. aureus atcc 25923, zones 15 to 19 mm in diameter (30-micrograms disks). however, some lots of mueller-hinton agar provided unusually large zones of inhibition with both vancomycin and teicoplanin disks, and these lots should be exclud ... | 1987 | 2958498 |
| the use of a new glycopeptide antibiotic, teicoplanin, in the treatment of bacterial endocarditis. | teicoplanin, a new glycopeptide antibiotic, has been used to treat twelve patients with bacterial endocarditis due to gram-positive organisms. teicoplanin has activity against gram-positive bacteria similar to vancomycin but therapeutic levels are maintained by a single daily dose, given as an intravenous bolus. of six patients with native valve infections, two cases, due to viridans streptococci, were successfully treated with teicoplanin alone and two others, caused by streptococcus faecalis, ... | 1987 | 2962071 |
| in vitro evaluation of teicoplanin and other antimicrobials against streptococci group d bacteria. | in vitro activities of teicoplanin were compared with those of ampicillin, imipenem, rifampicin, coumermycin and vancomycin against clinical isolates of streptococcus faecalis (n = 100) and streptococcus faecium (n = 30). against str. faecalis, ampicillin and imipenem had an mic90 and mbc90 of 3.9 micrograms/ml. coumermycin and rifampicin had poor bactericidal activity with mbc90 values of 31.2 and 62.5 micrograms/ml. teicoplanin was extremely active with an mic90 of 0.95 microgram/ml and an mbc ... | 1987 | 2962843 |
| effect of live and heat-killed bacteria on the secretory activity of paneth cells in germ-free mice. | germ-free mice were given live or heat-killed facultative anaerobes, and the ultrastructure of ileal paneth cells was quantitatively examined with special reference to secretory granules showing a bipartite substructure (central core and peripheral halo). after administering live or heat-killed bacteria, there was a decrease in the area occupied by the cores of secretory granules in paneth cells, and exocytosed core material was observed in the crypt lumen. there were no changes in the area occu ... | 1988 | 2963697 |
| establishment of specific pathogen-free rabbits by inoculation of hysterectomy-derived rabbits with fecal suspension and anaerobic bacteria. | establishment of a specific pathogen-free (spf) rabbit colony was attempted by transferring a total of 127 hysterectomy-derived rabbits directly into a barrier room where spf rats had been reared. all rabbits except four died of mucoid enteritis-like diarrhea during 2 and 6 weeks of age. a second experiment consisted of four groups of hysterectomy-derived rabbits including: (1) noninoculated controls; (2) rabbits inoculated with suspension of feces from the survivors; (3) rabbits inoculated with ... | 1987 | 2963932 |
| teicoplanin for therapy of gram-positive infections in neutropenic patients. | teicoplanin was evaluated in 20 febrile neutropenic patients as additional treatment for suspected gram-positive infections after inadequate response to initial empiric ceftazidime monotherapy. five patients with primary septicaemia, four with secondary septicaemia, 12 with localized infections and three with pyrexia of unknown origin were treated with teicoplanin (200 mg bolus intravenously, once daily after a 400 mg loading dose), whilst ceftazidime (2 g, 8-hourly, 30 min infusions) was contin ... | 1987 | 2964418 |
| use of a glycopeptide antibiotic, teicoplanin, in the treatment of septicaemia caused by gram-positive bacteria. | teicoplanin, a recently introduced glycopeptide antibiotic, has been used, in combination with other antibiotics, to treat 31 episodes of septicaemia caused by gram-positive organisms. teicoplanin has double the activity of vancomycin against many gram-positive bacteria, but allergic reactions and toxicity appear to be infrequent. a single daily dose is sufficient to maintain therapeutic levels, which is an advantage in conditions requiring long-term treatment. of the 31 episodes treated, 16 wer ... | 1988 | 2967800 |
| open study of teicoplanin in gram-positive infections. | eighteen patients with documented gram-positive infections which included osteomyelitis, prosthetic infections, endocarditis, skin and soft tissue, and urinary tract infections were treated with teicoplanin. the organisms involved included staphylococcus aureus (15 isolates of which six were methicillin-resistant-mrsa), staphylococcus epidermidis (two), streptococcus faecalis (one) and streptococcus milleri (one). clinical success occurred in all seven patients with skin and soft tissue streptoc ... | 1988 | 2967801 |
| intestinal bacterial flora and host defense mechanisms. | the protective mechanisms of intestinal bacterial flora against exogenous infections will be discussed in this paper. experimental data on protective function of escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis and bacteroides distasonis comprising intestinal flora against oral infection of shigella flexneri which causes localized infection are presented. furthermore, the present investigation deals with non-specific defense mechanism which indicate that protective activity of intestinal flora against pa ... | 1986 | 2968005 |
| [efficacy of teicoplanin in 25 cases of severe infections caused by gram-positive cocci]. | teicoplanin was evaluated in 25 severe infections caused by gram-positive bacteria alone [13], in combination [9], alone then in combination [3], in an open study. of 22 infections that could be evaluated, there were 18 cures and improvements (81.8%), 2 recurrence and 2 failures. serum concentrations are unpredictable and steady after 5 days i.v. teicoplanin. trough and peak concentrations are respectively less than 5 mg/l and less than 20 mg/l in 13 infections and higher in 9, unrelated with su ... | 1988 | 2970058 |
| [survival of pathogenic microorganisms in snow]. | | 1988 | 2976709 |
| in vivo transfer of pam beta 1 from lactobacillus reuteri to enterococcus faecalis. | trials were conducted to determine the in vivo transferability of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance between two strains of enteric gram-positive bacteria. germ-free mice were associated with the donor lactobacillus reuteri dsm 20016 strain, carrying the broad host range pam beta 1 plasmid, and with the enterococcus faecalis jh2ss recipient strain. analysis of faecal content of associated mice demonstrated that the in vivo transfer of this plasmid did occur and that frequencies of conjugatio ... | 1988 | 2976754 |
| a conjugative transposon (tn919) in streptococcus sanguis. | streptococcus sanguis fc1, originally isolated from dental plaque, was found to be naturally resistant to tetracycline. although no plasmid dna could be detected, tetracycline resistance was transferable in filter matings to streptococcus faecalis fa2-2. again, no plasmid dna was detectable in transconjugants, and the latter could donate tetracycline resistance to s. faecalis, s. sanguis, and streptococcus lactis. the tetracycline resistance element was able to transpose to several sites on the ... | 1985 | 2981772 |
| molecular cloning of a pip501 derivative yields a model replicon for the study of streptococcal conjugation. | we have previously constructed a derivative of the broad host range streptococcal plasmid pip501, a conjugative plasmid designated pva797, that confers chloramphenicol resistance and contains a unique ecori site in a non-essential region of the plasmid molecule. pva797 (30.7 kb) when cloned in toto as an ecori fragment into the positive selection vector pop203(a2+) gave a recombinant, pva904 (37.7 kb), which was able to replicate in escherichia coli and in streptococcal species. it can be phenot ... | 1985 | 2985739 |
| [sex pheromones and plasmid transfer in streptococcus faecalis]. | | 1985 | 2986200 |
| recent aspects of genetic manipulation in bacillus thuringiensis. | the conjugative plasmid pam beta 1 was transferred from streptococcus faecalis to several strains of bacillus thuringiensis by a filter-mating process. from a transconjugant clone of b. thuringiensis a hybrid plasmid resulting from an in vivo insertion into pam beta 1 of a 3 md dna sequence was isolated. this 3 md dna molecule (th sequence) is related to several host plasmids found in different serotypes of b. thuringiensis. a reciprocal conjugation-like process involving the transfer of pam bet ... | 1985 | 2986731 |
| streptococcus faecalis sex pheromone (cam373) also produced by staphylococcus aureus and identification of a conjugative transposon (tn918). | streptococcus faecalis rc73 was found to harbor a conjugative plasmid (pam373) which confers a mating response to a sex pheromone (cam373) excreted by plasmid-free members of the same species. the pheromone was also detected in culture filtrates of all of 23 staphylococcus aureus strains but in only 2 of 22 coagulase negative staphylococcus strains. streptococcus sanguis challis and g9b also produced the activity, but 10 other streptococcus sanguis strains did not. the activity was also produced ... | 1985 | 2987186 |
| uv inactivation of pathogenic and indicator microorganisms. | survival was measured as a function of the dose of germicidal uv light for the bacteria escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, shigella sonnei, streptococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, and bacillus subtilis spores, the enteric viruses poliovirus type 1 and simian rotavirus sa11, the cysts of the protozoan acanthamoeba castellanii, as well as for total coliforms and standard plate count microorganisms from secondary effluent. the doses of uv light necessary for a 99.9% inactivation of the cult ... | 1985 | 2990336 |
| sex pheromones and plasmid transfer in streptococcus faecalis: a pheromone, cam373, which is also excreted by staphylococcus aureus. | | 1985 | 2990424 |
| genetics of clindamycin resistance in bacteroides. | results presented in this paper have shown that a widely distributed lm-resistance determinant is present on at least 3 distinct bacteroides r-plasmids. in fact these plasmids bear no homology outside of the defined regions implicated in the lm resistance. this resistance determinant on pbf4, pbftm10, and pbi136 is located within dna segments bounded on each side by a directly repeated sequence of more than 500 bp. the intervening sequences of these 3 elements are variable, and range in size fro ... | 1985 | 2990428 |
| streptococcal phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system: purification and characterization of a phosphoprotein phosphatase which hydrolyzes the phosphoryl bond in seryl-phosphorylated histidine-containing protein. | histidine-containing protein (hpr) of gram-positive bacteria was found to be phosphorylated at a seryl residue (p-ser-hpr) in an atp-dependent reaction catalyzed by a protein kinase (j. deutscher and m. h. saier, jr., proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 80:6790-6794, 1983). here we describe the purification and characterization of a soluble enzyme of streptococcus faecalis which splits the phosphoryl bond in p-ser-hpr. the enzyme has a molecular weight of ca. 7.5 x 10(4), as determined by its migratio ... | 1985 | 2993239 |
| kinetic model for the action of the inorganic pyrophosphatase from streptococcus faecalis. | kinetic studies of the less active form of streptococcus faecalis inorganic pyrophosphatase (ec 3.6.1.1), together with computational analysis, indicated that cooperativity in ligand binding contributes in a significant way to the behavior of this enzyme. the simplest model applicable to our data was a monod-wyman-changeux-type, allosteric model, in which the enzyme is proposed to exist in two states, referred to as r and t states, respectively. in the absence of ligands, 94% of the enzyme was i ... | 1985 | 2994711 |
| transferable resistance and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in enterococci. | ten isolates of streptococcus faecalis and two isolates of s. faecium were studied together with an nctc strain of each species. antibiotic susceptibility tests showed different patterns of high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. three s. faecalis strains were highly resistant to gentamicin and other aminoglycosides. by means of a filter membrane technique, transfer of high-level resistance to aminoglycosides was demonstrated from s. faecalis to s. faecalis, from s. faecium to s. faecalis and ... | 1985 | 2995676 |
| streptococcus faecalis r plasmid pjh1 contains a pam alpha 1 delta 1-like replicon. | streptococcus faecalis r plasmid pjh1 did not transform competent strains of streptococcus sanguis. a hybrid plasmid, pdl310, consisting of virtually all of the s. faecalis hemolysin-bacteriocin plasmid pjh2 and a segment of pjh1 dna that included the tetracycline resistance determinant, yielded tetracycline-resistant transformants at a frequency of less than 10(-8) transformants per cfu, when it was added to a competent culture of s. sanguis wicky. four of the transformants contained a 4.7-kilo ... | 1985 | 2997123 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b-resistance transposon tn917 in streptococcus faecalis. | streptococcus faecalis transposon tn917 was cloned in escherichia coli on plasmid vector pbr325. the erythromycin resistance determinant of tn917 was not expressed in the e. coli background. the nucleotide sequence of tn917 was determined and found to be 5,257 base pairs in length. six open reading frames (orfs) were identified and designated 1 through 6 (5' to 3'); all were on the same dna strand. a region exhibiting strong homology with known promoters was identified upstream from orf1. orfs 1 ... | 1985 | 2997130 |
| comparative kinetic studies on the two interconvertible forms of streptococcus faecalis inorganic pyrophosphatase. | in this work the two interconvertible forms of inorganic pyrophosphatase (ec 3.6.1.1) of streptococcus faecalis were shown to differ in kinetics. the highly active form of the enzyme was more sensitive to the changes in the mg2+ concentration, and thus also more sensitive to the inhibition caused by atp, which competes with ppi for the chelation of mg2+ ions. we have previously described a kinetic model for the less-active form of s. faecalis inorganic pyrophosphatase [lahti & jokinen (1985) bio ... | 1985 | 2998349 |
| bacteriophage spo2-mediated plasmid transduction in transpositional mutagenesis within the genus bacillus. | a single copy of the streptococcus faecalis transposon tn917, located in the bacillus subtilis chromosome, was able to transpose onto the spo2 cos plasmid ppl1017, which codes for chloramphenicol resistance and contains the bacteriophage phi 105 immunity region. selection for ppl1017::tn917 chimeras was performed by spo2-mediated plasmid transduction of transposon-borne resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b antibiotics (mlsr). the transposition of tn917 onto plasmid ppl1017 occurre ... | 1985 | 2999078 |
| reactions of fish to microorganisms in wastewater. | fish were inoculated with various microorganisms present in wastewater. a threshold concentration was determined over which these microorganisms were recovered from the muscles. the threshold concentrations were different for bacteria, bacteriophages, and polio 1 lsc virus. the threshold values were lower when fish were inoculated than when they were immersed in water containing these organisms. depuration experiments were efficient when the fish did not contain high concentrations of bacteria i ... | 1985 | 3002273 |
| preliminary report on the in vitro antibacterial activity of bryophyllum pinnatum leaf juice. | the juice from the leaves of bryophyllum pinnatum s. kurtz (crassulaceae) was tested for antibacterial activity. the extract at 5% v/v was bactericidal to a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria such as bacillus subtilis, staphyllococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes; streptococcus faecalis; escherichia coli; proteus spp; klebsiella spp; shigella spp; salmonella spp; serratia marcescens; and pseudomonas aeruginosa including the clinical isolates of these organisms possessing ... | 1985 | 3004181 |
| highly efficient protoplast transformation system for streptococcus faecalis and a new escherichia coli-s. faecalis shuttle vector. | a highly efficient protoplast transformation system for streptococcus faecalis has been developed by systematically optimizing different parameters. up to 10(6) transformants per micrograms of dna were consistently obtained within 3 days, and cell wall regeneration of protoplasts was virtually 100%. a systematic search for useful vectors showed that the broad-host-range plasmid pip501 could transform s. faecalis at a high frequency (6.3 x 10(4) transformants per microgram). by combining a high-c ... | 1986 | 3005240 |
| sequence and interspecies transfer of an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene (aph) of bacillus circulans. self-defence mechanism in antibiotic-producing organisms. | the aph gene of a butirosin-producing bacillus circulans was cloned and shown to be expressed in escherichia coli and streptomyces lividans. the gene was sequenced and a possible developmentally regulated promoter identified. when the deduced protein sequence was compared with those from transposon tn5, transposon tn903, streptomyces fradiae, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis, significant homology was found, indicating that the genes may have a common origin. | 1986 | 3006668 |
| broad geographical distribution of homologous erythromycin, kanamycin, and streptomycin resistance determinants among group d streptococci of human and animal origin. | the emr, kmr, and smr determinants of the streptococcus faecalis r plasmid pjh1 were cloned in streptococcus sanguis with a streptococcal plasmid vector, pva380-1. each cloned determinant was used as a probe in hybridization reactions with dot blots containing plasmid-enriched dna from 91 group d streptococcal isolates resistant to erythromycin, kanamycin, and streptomycin; the isolates were obtained from animal and human sources in a variety of geographical locations. nearly 70% of the strains ... | 1986 | 3010845 |
| stimulation of dihydroxyacetone and glycerol kinase activity in streptococcus faecalis by phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation catalyzed by enzyme i and hpr of the phosphotransferase system. | recently we reported the phosphoenolpyruvate (pep)-dependent phosphorylation of a 55-kilodalton protein of streptococcus faecalis catalyzed by enzyme i and histidine-containing protein (hpr) of the phosphotransferase system (j. deutscher, fems microbiol. lett. 29:237-243, 1985). the purified 55-kilodalton protein was found to exhibit dihydroxyacetone kinase activity. glycerol was six times more slowly phosphorylated than dihydroxyacetone. the kms were found to be 0.7 mm for atp, 0.45 mm for dihy ... | 1986 | 3011747 |
| cloning and physical characterization of chromosomal conjugative elements in streptococci. | we used a directed insertion method to introduce a nonreplicating vector plasmid into the large conjugative cat-tet element found in the chromosome of streptococcus pneumoniae bm6001 and derivatives. to direct insertion preferentially to the conjugative element, we transferred it by conjugation to streptococcus faecalis and then used dna from this strain as a source of restriction nuclease fragments for ligation to digests of the vector pva891, which can replicate in escherichia coli but not in ... | 1986 | 3011756 |
| structure of a conjugative element in streptococcus pneumoniae. | we have cloned and mapped a 69-kilobase (kb) region of the chromosome of streptococcus pneumoniae dp1322, which carries the conjugative omega (cat-tet) insertion from s. pneumoniae bm6001. this element proved to be 65.5 kb in size. location of the junctions was facilitated by cloning a preferred target region from the wild-type strain rx1 recipient genome. this target site was preferred by both the bm6001 element and the cat-erm-tet element from streptococcus agalactiae b109. within the bm6001 e ... | 1986 | 3011757 |
| identification of regions of the streptococcus faecalis plasmid pcf-10 that encode antibiotic resistance and pheromone response functions. | the conjugative plasmid pcf-10 (58 kb) of streptococcus faecalis has been mapped with restriction enzymes. by restriction mapping and southern hybridization analysis, a 16-kb segment of the plasmid was shown to resemble closely the conjugative tetracycline resistance transposon, tn916. mutagenesis of the plasmid with the erythromycin resistance transposon tn917 was used to localize a tetracycline resistance determinant and several regions involved in conjugal transfer. fifty tn917 insertions (ou ... | 1986 | 3012615 |
| chromosomal insertions of tn917 in bacillus subtilis. | we describe 46 insertions of the streptococcus faecalis transposon tn917 into the chromosome of bacillus subtilis. these insertion mutations were mapped genetically. some caused auxotrophic requirements, and others were cryptic. these insertions were scattered around the b. subtilis chromosome. the mutant strains were useful in several ways for mapping and cloning b. subtilis genes and were added to the bacillus genetic stock center collection. among the auxotrophic markers were a new serine aux ... | 1986 | 3015878 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene specifying the bifunctional 6'-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase 2"-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase enzyme in streptococcus faecalis and identification and cloning of gene regions specifying the two activities. | the gene specifying the bifunctional 6'-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase [aac(6')] 2"-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase [aph(2")] enzyme from the streptococcus faecalis plasmid pip800 was cloned in escherichia coli. a single protein with an apparent molecular weight of 56,000 was specified by this cloned determinant as detected in minicell experiments. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the presence of an open reading frame capable of specifying a protein of 479 amino acids and with a molecul ... | 1986 | 3015884 |
| in vitro and in vivo activity of ly 146032, a new cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic. | the in vitro activity of ly 146032, a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic belonging to the class of agents designated a21978c, was compared with those of vancomycin, cefpirome, cefotaxime, and clindamycin against selected gram-positive bacteria. the new drug inhibited all staphylococcal isolates, including methicillin-resistant strains, at concentrations of less than or equal to 1.0 microgram/ml. the activity of ly 146032 was comparable to that of vancomycin against most streptococci, but the latter d ... | 1986 | 3024560 |
| control of enzyme synthesis in the oxalurate catabolic pathway of streptococcus faecalis atcc 11700: evidence for the existence of a third carbamate kinase. | streptococcus faecalis atcc 11700 uses oxalurate as a sole energy source for growth. an oxamate carbamoyltransferase and a carbamate kinase, both induced by oxalurate, are involved in this process. the oxalurate-induced kinase is specific for the pathway. its properties are different from those of the previously characterized agmatine and arginine-induced kinases. glucose, but not arginine, nor agmatine, two other energy sources, represses the oxalurate pathway. in contrast, oxalurate was found ... | 1986 | 3024601 |
| comparison of two beta-lactamase-producing strains of streptococcus faecalis. | a second strain of enterococcus (pa) producing beta-lactamase (bla+ phenotype) was compared with the previously reported bla+ enterococcus, strain hh22. as with the original strain, there was a marked inoculum effect when pa was tested with penicillin, ampicillin, and piperacillin; no difference was noted with methicillin, cephalothin, imipenem, or vancomycin; the difference with ticarcillin was intermediate. high-level gentamicin resistance (gmr) transferred from pa to an enterococcal recipient ... | 1986 | 3028251 |
| tn916-induced mutations in the hemolysin determinant affecting virulence of listeria monocytogenes. | a genetic determinant essential for hemolysin production by listeria monocytogenes has been inactivated by insertion of transposon tn916 into l. monocytogenes dna. the transposon was transferred by means of conjugation of a streptomycin-resistant l. monocytogenes recipient strain with streptococcus faecalis cg110 on membrane filters. among the tetracycline-resistant transconjugants, mutants were detected which had lost hemolytic activity. when tested in a mouse model, these mutants appeared to h ... | 1987 | 3029033 |
| in vitro activity of ly146032 (daptomycin), a new peptolide. | the in vitro activity of ly146032, a new peptolide antibiotic, was compared with those of vancomycin, teicoplanin, imipenem, amoxicillin and erythromycin. ly146032 inhibited 90% of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, including methicillin-resistant isolates at less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. its activity was comparable to those of vancomycin and teicoplanin. mic90s for the beta-hemolytic streptococci varied from 0.25 microgram/ml for group b streptococci to 4 micrograms/m ... | 1987 | 3032611 |
| in vitro activity of ly146032 (daptomycin) against selected aerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of the new lipopeptide antibiotic ly146032 was generally four-fold greater (mic 90 less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml) than that of vancomycin against methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative species of staphylococcus. enterococci, streptococcus bovis, group b and viridans streptococci, and corynebacterium group j-k isolates were inhibited by less than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml of ly146032, which represented activit ... | 1987 | 3032612 |
| comparative in vitro activity of ly146032 (daptomycin) against gram-positive cocci. | the in vitro activity of ly146032 was compared with those of seven other antimicrobial agents against gram-positive cocci. mics of ly146032 were lowest for streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus epidermidis (0.25 mg/l). for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus aureus the mics were 1 mg/l, for enterococcus faecalis 2 mg/l and for enterococcus faecium 4 mg/l. the activity of ly146032 was in general higher than that of vancomycin. time-kil ... | 1987 | 3032613 |
| transfer of the conjugal tetracycline resistance transposon tn916 from streptococcus faecalis to staphylococcus aureus and identification of some insertion sites in the staphylococcal chromosome. | the streptococcus faecalis pheromone-dependent conjugative plasmid pad1::tn916 and the membrane filter-dependent conjugative plasmid ppd5::tn916 were used to introduce tn916 into staphylococcus aureus by intergeneric protoplast fusions and intergeneric membrane-filter matings. in recombinants obtained by protoplast fusion where no plasmid dna could be detected, tetracycline resistance resulted from transposition of tn916 from pad1 to the s. aureus chromosome. transformation analyses showed that ... | 1987 | 3032908 |
| two conjugation systems associated with streptococcus faecalis plasmid pcf10: identification of a conjugative transposon that transfers between s. faecalis and bacillus subtilis. | the tetracycline resistance plasmid pcf10 (58 kilobases [kb]) of streptococcus faecalis possesses two separate conjugation systems. a 25-kb region of the plasmid (designated tra) was shown previously to determine pheromone response and conjugation functions required for transfer of pcf10 between s. faecalis cells (p. j. christie and g. m. dunny, plasmid 15:230-241, 1986). when s. faecalis cells were mixed with bacillus subtilis in broth, tetracycline resistance was transferred from s. faecalis. ... | 1987 | 3034859 |
| generation of tn5 insertions in streptococcal conjugative transposon tn916. | a method has been developed for the introduction of tn5 into escherichia coli plasmid chimeras containing streptococcus faecalis dna. tn5 could be introduced via a lambda::tn5 delivery vehicle. the system proved to be particularly efficient and facilitated insertions at numerous sites on dna containing the 16-kilobase conjugative transposon tn916. it was possible to introduce some of the resulting tn916::tn5 derivatives back into s. faecalis by using a recently developed protoplast transformatio ... | 1987 | 3038014 |
| transfer functions of the streptococcus faecalis plasmid pad1: organization of plasmid dna encoding response to sex pheromone. | the conjugative plasmid pad1 (59.6 kilobases) of streptococcus faecalis shows a 10,000-fold increase in transfer frequency following induction by the sex pheromone cad1. mutagenesis of the plasmid with transposon tn917 was undertaken to determine the region(s) of pad1 required for the mating response. the relevant genetic material was found to be distributed over a 31.2-kilobase contiguous region of the plasmid. although insertions in two previously identified regions (traa and trab) exhibited i ... | 1987 | 3038841 |
| conjugal transfer of transposon tn916 from streptococcus faecalis to mycoplasma hominis. | transposon tn916 was transferred from streptococcus faecalis to mycoplasma hominis by a mating process resembling conjugation with a frequency of 10(-6) to 10(-7). tn916 was inserted into the mycoplasmal chromosome in single and multiple copies. | 1987 | 3038852 |
| nucleotide sequence of the kanamycin resistance determinant of the pneumococcal transposon tn1545: evolutionary relationships and transcriptional analysis of apha-3 genes. | the nucleotide sequence of the kanamycin resistance determinant apha-3 encoded by transposon tn1545 from streptococcus pneumoniae was determined and compared to those of plasmids pjh1 and pip1433 from streptococcus faecalis and campylobacter coli, respectively. the three sequences were found to be identical and differed by two substitutions and the deletion of a codon from that of plasmid psh2 from staphylococcus aureus. comparison of the 5' noncoding sequences indicated that the regions contain ... | 1987 | 3039302 |
| [clinical studies on effect of cefbuperazone on surgical infections]. | we conducted clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of cefbuperazone (cbpz) on surgical infections with the following results. 1) in evaluable 32 patients, cbpz was evaluated to be clinically effective in 23 (71.9%) and the efficacy rate was better in those who were administered 4 g/day of cbpz (87.5%, 14/16) than in those who were given 2 g/day (57.1%, 8/14). 2) antibacterial activity of cbpz was evaluated in 41 isolated bacterial strains. pathogen eradication rate by bacterial species was ... | 1988 | 3043033 |
| [treatment of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with intraperitoneal ceftriaxone]. | in 16 patients under capd, 29 cases of bacterial peritonitis were observed, with clinical manifestations in 23. the mean cell count in peritoneal dialysis fluid was 5608/mm3 with 4991/mm3 polymorphonuclear, leukocytes causative pathogens were staphylococcus in 14 cases, streptococcus in 6, bacillus in one, enterobacteria in 5, pseudomonas aeruginosa in 1 and moraxella in 1. three cultures were negative. first choice treatment was a daily intraperitoneal injection of 1 g of ceftriaxone. 79.3% of ... | 1988 | 3043356 |
| therapy of acute and chronic gram-negative osteomyelitis with ciprofloxacin. report from a swedish study group. | oral ciprofloxacin was used at doses ranging from 500 mg to 1500 mg twice daily for 15 to 476 (mean 139) days for treatment of acute or chronic osteomyelitis in 38 patients, and acute arthritis in two. clinical efficacy could be evaluated in 34 patients; 22 had resolution of their osteomyelitis, five improved and there were seven failures. pseudomonas aeruginosa was the causative agent in 28 patients. it was eradicated in 22 patients, persisted but remained sensitive to ciprofloxacin in three an ... | 1988 | 3053554 |
| a belgian multicentre in-vitro study of ofloxacin. | in a large multicentre study, the susceptibility of 2171 bacterial isolates to ofloxacin and other antibiotics has been examined by the kirby-bauer method. susceptibility to ofloxacin (breakpoint less than or equal to 2 mg/l) was observed in 99.2% of 1104 strains enterobacteriaceae, 88.9% of 217 pseudomonas aeruginosa, 93.6% of 31 other pseudomonas spp., 96.3% of 27 acinetobacter calcoaceticus, 99.2% of 118 haemophilus influenzae, 97.4% of 423 staphylococci, 79.4% of 107 streptococcus faecalis a ... | 1988 | 3053578 |
| [hospital infection and resistance to antibiotics at a pediatric intensive care unit]. | a retrospective study of nosocomial infection and its aetiological agents antimicrobial sensitivity in a pediatric icu during 65 months is reported. using statistical analysis association was found between infection site and certain diagnostic-therapeutic procedures, such as urinary infection and urinary tract catheter, respiratory lower tract infection and respiratory assistance devices, bacteremia with intravenous catheters. also found relationship between age and causal agents: streptococcus ... | 1988 | 3056148 |
| [pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the perinatal period. a study of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the perinatal co-research group]. | pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium (ipm/cs) in the perinatal period were carried out, and the results obtained are summarized below. 1. ipm/cs transfers to umbilical cord plasma and amniotic fluid were effective. passage of ipm/cs into mother's milk was as little as with other beta-lactam antibiotics. 2. among 81 patients with perinatal infections, clinical efficacies were excellent in 16 patients, good in 62, poor in 3, with an efficacy rate of 96.3%. in addition ... | 1988 | 3062205 |
| [clinical experience with imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of severe infections in general surgery]. | in a prospective study 43 patients (19 men, 24 women) suffering from severe bacterial infections such as peritonitis (n = 16), soft tissue infection (n = 12), pneumonia (n = 7), septicemia (n = 6), catheter sepsis (n = 2), cholangitis (n = 4), osteomyelitis (n = 3), complicated urinary tract infection (n = 2) or endocarditis (n = 1) were treated t. i. d. with short-time i. v. infusions of 0.5 g imipenem/cilastatin for five to 37 days (means = 9). all the patients were cured or significantly impr ... | 1986 | 3079549 |
| enterococcal osteomyelitis in the diabetic patient. | | 1986 | 3079827 |
| (beta-chloro-alpha-aminoethyl)phosphonic acids as inhibitors of alanine racemase and d-alanine:d-alanine ligase. | the (beta-chloro-, (beta, beta-dichloro-, and (beta, beta, beta-trichloro-alpha-aminoethyl)phosphonic acids have been synthesized and their inhibitory properties on the alanine racemases [ec 5.1.1.1] and the d-ala:d-ala ligases [ec 6.3.2.4] from pseudomonas aeruginosa and streptococcus faecalis have been evaluated. the monochloro and the dichloro derivatives of ala-p exhibit a strong inhibition on the racemases of the two species tested but do not behave as suicide substrates. only the d-ala:d-a ... | 1986 | 3079831 |
| streptococcal tetracycline resistance mediated at the level of protein synthesis. | the mechanism of tetracycline resistance was examined in strains containing each of the three previously identified resistance determinants in streptococcus spp. uptake of tetracycline was measured in tetracycline-sensitive cells as well as in cells containing each of the three resistance determinants. in cells containing tetl, uptake was not observed. however, in sensitive cells and cells containing either tetm or tetn, tetracycline was accumulated approximately 25-fold against a concentration ... | 1986 | 3080409 |
| in vitro studies of plasmid-mediated penicillinase from streptococcus faecalis suggest a staphylococcal origin. | a strain of streptococcus faecalis with plasmid-mediated penicillinase production was studied further. partially purified penicillinase from the s. faecalis strain hydrolyzed penicillin, ampicillin, and ureido-penicillins but not penicillinase-resistant semisynthetic penicillins, cephalosporins, or imipenem; hydrolysis was inhibited by clavulanic acid. hydrolysis of a given antibiotic correlated with a marked increase in the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of that drug when a high inoculu ... | 1986 | 3080475 |
| identification of a streptococcus sanguis receptor for salivary agglutinins. | the objective of this study was to characterize a fraction from oral streptococci containing receptor activity for salivary agglutinin molecules. several species and strains of streptococci were disrupted in a ribi press. the supernatant was nuclease-treated and subjected to differential centrifugation. receptor activity in the fractions was measured by the inhibition of saliva-mediated bacterial aggregation. in addition, bacterial strains were tested for their ability to aggregate and to deplet ... | 1986 | 3080505 |
| [a case of splenic abscess in a drug addict with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | the complex diagnostic procedure involved in a case of splenic abscess in a young drug addict as a result of septicaemia caused by streptococcus fascalis is described and discussed with an examination of the criteria in support of a more aggressive approach to the removal of septic foci in such patients with aids. it is concluded that such criteria are valid even when, as in the case described, splenectomy further depresses the immune system. | 1986 | 3080713 |
| valve excision only versus valve excision plus replacement for active infective endocarditis involving the tricuspid valve. | | 1986 | 3080863 |
| antibacterial properties of 2-acetylpyridine-1-oxide thiosemicarbazones. | we have investigated the in vitro antibacterial activity of 13 2-acetylpyridine-1-oxide thiosemicarbazones and 5 thiosemicarbazides against 80 clinically significant bacterial cultures, including 13 isolates with known antibiotic resistance. of the thiosemicarbazones tested, 5 had minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of 0.25 microgram/ml for neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates; 1 of these had an mic range of 0.25-0.5 microgram/ml for the neisseria meningitidis cultures, and 2 had mics of 2 and 2- ... | 1986 | 3081301 |
| antigenic composition of an endocarditis-associated isolate of streptococcus faecalis and identification of its glycoprotein antigens by ligand blotting with lectins. | the antigenic composition of an endocarditis-associated isolate of streptococcus faecalis was studied by immunoblotting of whole cells and cell walls from sodium-dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gels on to nitrocellulose and detection with serum from patients and hyperimmune rabbit serum. a major envelope protein antigen of mol. wt 53 x 10(3) detected with patient's serum was also present in three urinary strains of str. faecalis and a laboratory strain of str. faecalis ss. zymogenes but not in s ... | 1986 | 3081728 |
| bacterial colonization of hemasite access devices. | vascular access ports (hemasites) were recovered from patients in whom they had become foci of infection and were examined according to microbiologic and morphologic techniques. all were covered on their extraluminal surfaces by well-developed biofilms consisting of host material and bacteria and their extracellular products. one hemasite from which staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis were cultured was covered by a biofilm that consisted of coccoid bacterial cells and occasional fun ... | 1986 | 3082026 |
| growth of bacteria and fungi in total nutrient admixtures. | total nutrient admixtures (tnas) containing dextrose, amino acids, and fat emulsion were evaluated for their ability to support bacterial and fungal growth. the following solutions were tested: a standard adult total parenteral nutrient (tpn) solution with dextrose, amino acids, and electrolytes, a standard neonatal tpn solution with dextrose, amino acids, and electrolytes, a 10% fat emulsion, a 20% fat emulsion, a tna with 40% of the total calories as fat, a tna with 25% of the total calories a ... | 1986 | 3082195 |
| effect of cadmium and zinc on microbial adhesion, growth, and metal uptake. | | 1986 | 3082392 |
| isolation and properties of an h2o-forming nadh oxidase from streptococcus faecalis. | an h2o-forming nadh oxidase from streptococcus faecalis, recently described [hoskins, d. d., whiteley, h. r. and mackler, b. (1962) j. biol. chem. 237, 2647-2651], has been isolated as a uniform protein with specific activity 690 u/mg in a total yield of 50% by a two-step affinity chromatography procedure. the enzyme is metal-free and has a molecular mass of about 51 000 da and probably consists of a single polypeptide chain. as shown by fluorimetric titration, the prosthetic group is 1 mol fad/ ... | 1986 | 3082630 |
| [dependence of the bactericidal activity and mutant selection of 4-quinolones on their serum concentration levels]. | in an in vitro system, bacterial cultures were exposed to concentrations following the kinetics of 4-quinolones in human serum. both killing kinetics of staphylococci and enterococci and selection of resistant mutants were shown to be influenced by the pharmacokinetik parameters of the individual substances. | 1986 | 3082765 |
| investigation of the cytotoxicity of bacterial species implicated in pulpal inflammation. | | 1986 | 3082767 |
| an evaluation of the antimicrobial effectiveness of citric acid as a root canal irrigant. | | 1986 | 3083037 |
| forms of human milk folacin and variation patterns. | the pattern of folacin in 180 human milk samples collected from 16 women was studied before and after pteroylglutamic hydroxylase (conjugase) treatment. the differential response of lactobacillus casei versus streptococcus faecalis distinguishes n-5-methyltetrahydrofolate from other forms. growth of pediococcus cerevisiae differentiates the reduced monoglutamates, other than the n-5-methylated derivative, from oxidized folacins. mean folacin activity with l. casei was 85.3 ng/ml. prior to conjug ... | 1986 | 3083081 |
| escherichia coli adherence to anion exchange resin. in vitro model for initial screening of potential antiadherence agents. | the first step in developing a bladder infection is attachment of bacteria to the bladder epithelium. removing the bladder mucin increases bacterial adherence up to a thousand-fold, and this increase can be prevented by pretreating the mucin-deficient bladder with heparin. to develop a rapid, in vitro antiadherence screening assay, we studied the adherence of escherichia coli to various chromatography resins and the ability of heparin and other agents to antagonize this attachment. the results c ... | 1986 | 3083556 |
| distribution of bacteria and yeasts within the 10-ml isolator during the processing of seeded blood samples. | forty-five organisms consisting of stock cultures and clinical isolates of bacteria and yeast were separately inoculated into outdated blood bank blood to achieve a concentration of approximately 100 cfu/ml. blood with each organism was introduced into groups of four isolators (e. i. du pont de nemours & co., inc., wilmington, del.), which were then processed according to the isostat instructions of the manufacturer. the supernatant, sediment, and wash (material removed from the surface of the s ... | 1986 | 3084546 |
| high-level resistance to gentamicin in streptococcus faecalis: risk factors and evidence for exogenous acquisition of infection. | between november 1981 and october 1984, 48 of 3,456 clinical isolates of streptococcus faecalis that were studied showed high-level (greater than 2,000 micrograms/ml) resistance to gentamicin. a case-control study comparing patients with gentamicin-susceptible (mic less than 64 micrograms/ml) and -resistant s. faecalis infections showed significant associations (p less than .01) between the development of infection with highly gentamicin-resistant s. faecalis and prior antimicrobial therapy (par ... | 1986 | 3084669 |
| [a study on the antibacterial activity of amniotic fluid--the significance of intraamniotic transferrin]. | in order to study the antimicrobial activity of amniotic fluid, attempts were made to evaluate the in vivo growth of bacteria in amniotic fluid and the role of transferrin in antibacterial activity. the bacteria chosen for these experiments were escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and streptococcus faecalis, respectively. the results obtained were as follows: amniotic fluid was shown have an antibacterial effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, while pse ... | 1986 | 3084683 |
| comparative study of selective media for enumeration of pseudomonas aeruginosa from water by membrane filtration. | in the present study, mpa-d and mpa-e agar, modifications of mpa-c agar that reduce background fecal streptococci that interfere with the differentiation and enumeration of the pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies grown in other mpa media, are proposed for use in analyzing natural water samples. in addition, the efficiencies of several culture media for the recovery of p. aeruginosa in water after membrane filtration and multiple-tube techniques are compared. the degree of selectivity, precision, eff ... | 1986 | 3085589 |
| streptococcus faecalis: in vitro susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs, single and combined, with and without defibrinated human blood. | ampicillin, fusidic acid, gentamicin, imipenem, mezlocillin, ofloxacin, penicillin g, piperacillin, and vancomycin were examined for inhibitory and bactericidal activity in various broth media against 7 clinical isolates of streptococcus faecalis. on a weight-for-weight basis, ampicillin, imipenem, mezlocillin, and ofloxacin proved to be more efficacious. all enterococcal isolates were resistant against gentamicin; fusidic acid and vancomycin lacked bactericidal activity. the combinations of eit ... | 1986 | 3086051 |
| modulation of complement fixation and the phlogistic capacity of group a, b, and d streptococci by human lysozyme acting on their cell walls. | streptococci and streptococcal cell wall fragments induce arthritis in rats, with the severity and duration depending on the capacity of the cells or cell fragments to resist degradation by tissue enzymes. their phlogogenic effects are apparently related to their ability to activate the alternate complement pathway (acp). the in vitro activation of the acp by lysozyme-treated cells and cell walls of group a, b, and d streptococci suggests that both rat and human lysozyme can modulate this activi ... | 1986 | 3086232 |
| in-vitro activity of pefloxacin compared to other antibiotics. | pefloxacin is a new quinolone carboxylic acid with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. a comparison was made of the in-vitro activity of pefloxacin and that of nine other antibiotics (ampicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, amikacin and norfloxacin). the mic90 of pefloxacin against 500 strains of enterobacteriaceae ranged from 0.25 mg/l (escherichia coli, indole + proteus spp., enterobacter cloacae, salmonella spp. and shigella spp.) to 1 mg ... | 1986 | 3086279 |
| the diffusion of pefloxacin into bone and the treatment of osteomyelitis. | pefloxacin was evaluated in the treatment of bone infections. a clinical trial was performed in 15 patients with chronic osteitis (5 staphylococcus aureus, 5 pseudomonas aeruginosa, 3 serratia sp., 1 proteus mirabilis, and a mixed infection with a streptococcus faecalis and escherichia coli). patients were given pefloxacin 400 mg 12-hourly iv for 48 h followed by oral treatment. bone biopsies from the iliac crest were carried out after at least seven days treatment, 2 h after the last dose. seru ... | 1986 | 3086280 |
| generation of a protonmotive force in anaerobic bacteria by end-product efflux. | | 1986 | 3086668 |