Publications

isolation of bacteria from cervical lymph nodes in patients with oral cancer.	thirty patients with oral mucosal cancer were studied in relation to oral mucosal damage and bacterial translocation to the regional lymph nodes in the neck. all 30 patients (gingiva 11, tongue 13, cheek mucosa four, oral floor two) underwent extensive, clean-contaminated, head-and-neck surgery (including neck dissection) with free flap reconstruction. a total of 153 lymph nodes was harvested for microbial and histological examination. viable bacteria were isolated from 70 lymph nodes (45.8%) fr ...	1999	10530911
activities of gemifloxacin (sb 265805, lb20304) compared to those of other oral antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.	the activities of gemifloxacin (sb 265805, lb20304) and comparator agents were determined by an agar dilution method against 419 clinical strains of less-commonly identified species of anaerobes. gemifloxacin was generally more active than trovafloxacin against gram-positive strains by one to two dilutions. peptostreptococci (peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, peptostreptococcus magnus, peptostreptococcus micros, and peptostreptococcus prevotii) and porphyromonas spp. (porphyromonas asaccharol ...	1999	10543754
activities of telithromycin (hmr 3647, ru 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and other antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.	the comparative activity of telithromycin (hmr 3647) against 419 human anaerobic isolates was determined by the agar dilution method. at concentrations of </=0.5 microgram/ml, telithromycin was active against actinomyces israelii, actinomyces odontolyticus, bacteroides tectum, bacteroides ureolyticus, bacteroides gracilis (now campylobacter gracilis), porphyromonas spp. (including porphyromonas gingivalis and porphyromonas macacae), prevotella intermedia, prevotella heparinolytica, and almost al ...	1999	10543769
in vitro utilization of amylopectin and high-amylose maize (amylomaize) starch granules by human colonic bacteria.	it has been well established that a certain amount of ingested starch can escape digestion in the human small intestine and consequently enters the large intestine, where it may serve as a carbon source for bacterial fermentation. thirty-eight types of human colonic bacteria were screened for their capacity to utilize soluble starch, gelatinized amylopectin maize starch, and high-amylose maize starch granules by measuring the clear zones on starch agar plates. the six cultures which produced cle ...	1999	10543795
minimal debridement in the treatment of fournier's gangrene.	scrotal and perineal gangrene of the male genitalia was first described by fournier in 1883. treatment of the disease remains surgical despite the availability of modern antibiotics. many authors advocate a wide debridement of all tissue superficial to the involved fascial layers. we have reviewed our experience of using wide and minimal debridement as the surgical technique of choice. in our retrospective study, nine patients were diagnosed and treated over a 2-year period for fournier's gangre ...	1999	10551751
microbiology of subphrenic abscesses: a 14-year experience.	the objective of the review was to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of subphrenic abscesses in relation with predisposing conditions. a retrospective review of clinical and laboratory data of 52 patients treated between 1974 and 1988 was conducted. forty-three (83%) patients developed the abscesses after an operative procedure. these included 11 patients after colonic, 9 patients after gastric or duodenal, 7 patients after abdominal trauma, 7 patients after biliary, and 6 patients af ...	1999	10551755
[acute infectious mastoid complications in infancy].	the incidence of acute mastoiditis accounts for 0.004% of acute middle otitis. nowadays there is a decrease of number of mastoiditis and its complications, but from time to time are seen outbreaks without logical explanation of facts. we report 4 clinical cases of acute mastoiditis complicated with subperiosteal abscess, in children between 8 and 23 month old, seen at our department during the last 3 years, three of them diagnosed in a 4-month term.	1999	10568306
misleading diagnosis of retroperitoneal actinomycosis.	a 34-year-old woman presented with a left-sided suprarenal space-occupying lesion on sonography. culture of material obtained during sonographic-guided puncture of the retroperitoneal lesion yielded a mixed flora of actinomyces and peptostreptococcus. initially, a misleading diagnosis of an adrenal pheochromocytoma was initiated by highly positive metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy after chemical chemistry vanillylmandelic acid (vma) test showed elevated values for adrenaline and its derivativ ...	1999	10602965
peptostreptococcus micros coaggregates with fusobacterium nucleatum and non-encapsulated porphyromonas gingivalis.	coaggregation is one of the potential colonization strategies of oral microorganisms, often involving fimbrial structures in the interactions. in this study, the coaggregation characteristics of the rough and smooth genotypes of the periodontal pathogen peptostreptococcus micros were compared to investigate the role of the fibril-like structures of the rough genotype in coaggregation. of the 11 oral species tested, only fusobacterium nucleatum strains and non-encapsulated porphyromonas gingivali ...	2000	10612731
[results of treatment of deep neck abscesses and phlegmons].	neck, as a structure very closely connected with oral cavity and pharynx, with great number of lymph nodes, (about 2, 3 of all are in the neck), is sometimes a localization of purulent inflammatory process but its incidence is not so high as the incidence of inflammations of surrounding organs and tissue. deep neck abscesses are localized under the upper fascial layer. they have a serious clinical picture which could be further complicated if inflammation spreads on vessels or neck organs. if th ...	1999	10624393
robustness of protein folding kinetics to surface hydrophobic substitutions.	we use both combinatorial and site-directed mutagenesis to explore the consequences of surface hydrophobic substitutions for the folding of two small single domain proteins, the src sh3 domain, and the igg binding domain of peptostreptococcal protein l. we find that in almost every case, destabilizing surface hydrophobic substitutions have much larger effects on the rate of unfolding than on the rate of folding, suggesting that nonnative hydrophobic interactions do not significantly interfere wi ...	1999	10631990
quinupristin/dalfopristin: a review of its use in the management of serious gram-positive infections.	quinupristin/dalfopristin is the first parenteral streptogramin antibacterial agent, and is a 30:70 (w/w) ratio of 2 semisynthetic pristinamycin derivatives. the combination has inhibitory activity against a broad range of gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant staphylococci, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium (vref), drug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae, other streptococci, clostridium perfringens and peptostreptococcus spp. the combination also has good activity again ...	1999	10651391
evaluation of the oxyrase oxyplate anaerobe incubation system.	the oxyrase oxyplate anaerobe incubation system was evaluated for its ability to support the growth of clinically significant anaerobic bacteria previously identified by the anaerobe reference laboratory at the centers for disease control and prevention. the results were compared with those obtained with conventional anaerobe blood agar plates incubated in an anaerobe chamber. we tested 251 anaerobic bacterial strains. plates were read at 24, 48, and 72 h; growth was scored by a numerical coding ...	2000	10655335
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of biapenem in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology.	biapenem is a new injectable carbapenem antibiotic which has favorable pharmacokinetic properties, and is stable to hydrolysis by dehydropeptidase i. biapenem inhibited more than 90% of clinical isolates of streptococcus agalactiae, escherichia coli, peptostreptococcus magnus, bacteroides fragilis and prevotella bivia at the concentration of 3.13 mg/l. the mic(90) of biapenem against pseudomonas aeruginosa was lower than that of panipenem, equivalent to that of imipenem, and greater than that of ...	2000	10671758
past administration of beta-lactam antibiotics and increase in the emergence of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in patients with orofacial odontogenic infections.	the purpose of this study was to determine the current status of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in orofacial odontogenic infections.	2000	10673654
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in auckland: 1991-1996.	to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of local anaerobic bacteria.	1999	10678225
aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of concurrent chronic otitis media with effusion and chronic sinusitis in children.	to correlate the aerobic and anaerobic microbiologic findings of concurrent chronic otitis media with effusion and chronic maxillary sinusitis.	2000	10680868
postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin, versus those of amoxicillin-clavulanate, against anaerobes.	the bactericidal activities and postantibiotic effects (pae) of clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanate against bacteroides fragilis and peptostreptococcus anaerobius were determined. a concentration of twice the mic resulted in bactericidal activity against four of four and three of four organisms at 24 h with clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanate, respectively. the pae of clarithromycin-14-hydroxy-clarithromycin was 1.44 to 3.20 h, co ...	2000	10681358
bacterial interference in the nasopharynx and nasal cavity of sinusitis prone and non-sinusitis prone children.	the aim of this study was to compare the frequency of recovery of potential pathogens and aerobic and anaerobic interfering bacteria in the nasopharynx and nasal cavity of sinusitis prone (sp) children, with their recovery in non-sinusitis prone (n-sp) children. nasopharyngeal and nasal cultures were taken from 20 sp and 20 n-sp children. potential pathogens and aerobic and anaerobic bacteria with interfering capabilities against these micro-organisms were identified. twenty-one potential pathog ...	1999	10687943
[the dynamics of the colonization by the microbial flora of the mouth of the different materials used for dental prosthetics].	colonization of materials used for making dentures with oral microflora was studied in 12 patients with chronic generalized medium severe periodontitis during remission. time course of dentures colonization with representatives of oral microflora (s. sanguis, peptostreptococcus sp., prevotella oralis) and with bacteria pathogenic for the periodontium (prevotella melaninogenica, a. naeslundii, fusobacterium sp.) depends on the material from which the dentures are made. minimal colonization of bac ...	2000	10693351
lack of antimicrobial effect on periodontopathic bacteria by ultrasonic and sonic scalers in vitro.	the purpose of this study was to assess the antimicrobial effects of a sonic and ultrasonic scaler generally used for subgingival scaling on gram-negative and gram-positive periodontopathic bacteria.	2000	10703657
peptostreptococcus micros smooth and rough genotypes in periodontitis and gingivitis.	two genotypes can be distinguished within the species peptostreptococcus micros: a smooth (sm) and a rough (rg) type. to date no systematic study has been performed on the prevalence and proportion of both types in untreated periodontitis patients and subjects without destructive periodontal disease. therefore, the present study was performed to investigate: 1) the relative importance of the sm and the rg genotype of p micros in periodontitis and gingivitis; 2) the correlation between smoking an ...	2000	10711611
a case of paraspinal abscess and diskitis due to peptostreptococcus micros.		2000	10722468
crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of mutants of b1 igg-binding domain of protein l from peptostreptococcus magnus.	the small 62-residue igg-binding domain b1 of protein l from peptostreptococcus magnus (ppl-b1) has proven to be a simple system for the study of the thermodynamics and kinetics of protein folding. x-ray diffraction studies have been initiated in order to determine how the thermostability, folding and unfolding rates of a series of point mutations spanning ppl-b1 correlate with the high-resolution structures. to this end, a tryptophan-containing variant of ppl-b1 (herein known as wild type) and ...	2000	10739935
expression of a heterologous glutamate dehydrogenase gene in lactococcus lactis highly improves the conversion of amino acids to aroma compounds.	the first step of amino acid degradation in lactococci is a transamination, which requires an alpha-keto acid as the amino group acceptor. we have previously shown that the level of available alpha-keto acid in semihard cheese is the first limiting factor for conversion of amino acids to aroma compounds, since aroma formation is greatly enhanced by adding alpha-ketoglutarate to cheese curd. in this study we introduced a heterologous catabolic glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) gene into lactococcus l ...	2000	10742211
[in vitro activities of levofloxacin and other antibiotics against fresh clinical isolates].	in this study, the in vitro activity of levofloxacin (lvfx) against 1,020 fresh bacterial clinical isolates was compared with the activities of a range of ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin (cpfx), ampicillin (abpc), cefaclor, cefpodoxime, methicillin and benzylpenicillin. the clinical isolates except vibrio cholerae were collected in japan during 1998 from patients with infectious diseases. mics were determined using the agar dilution method according to the recommendations by the japan society of chemot ...	1999	10746192
[the clinical picture, treatment and prognosis of meningitis due to anaerobic and nonfermentative bacteria].	the study of incidence, clinical manifestations and prognosis of meningitis with anaerobic and non-fermentative bacteria.	1999	10756944
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of wound infection following spinal fusion in children.	to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of wound infections following spinal fusion in children.	2000	10765134
an experimental mouse model to study the pathogenicity of prevotella bivia and investigations of possible virulence.	induction of subcutaneous abscesses in mice was used to study the pathogenicity of prevotella bivia both in mono-infection and in mixed cultures with escherichia coli and peptostreptococcus spp. virulence factors such as coaggregation and aggregate formation of cells, haemagglutination activity and tolerance to serum bactericidal activity were investigated for their possible role in p bivia pathogenicity. monocultures of p bivia, e coli and peptostreptococcus spp did not induce subcutaneous absc ...	2000	10786446
profile of subgingival microbiota in children with primary dentition.	eruption of primary teeth has a great influence on the oral environment by providing suitable niches for bacterial colonization. the aim of the study was to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of primary incisors, canines and molars in 40 systemically healthy children aged 4-5 yr, chosen randomly. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of primary incisors (61, 81), canines (53, 73) and molars (64, 84). the samples were cultured for bacterial isolat ...	2000	10791707
dynamics of nasopharyngitis in children.	our goal was to characterize the dynamics and bacterial interaction of the aerobic and anaerobic flora of nasal discharge of children at different stages of uncomplicated nasopharyngitis. methods and patients: serial semiquantitative nasopharyngeal (np) and quantitative nasal discharge (nd) cultures were taken every 3 to 5 days from 20 children in whom purulent discharge eventually developed (group 1), and a single culture was obtained from a group of 20 who had only clear discharge (group 2).	2000	10793349
comparative activity of moxifloxacin in vitro against obligately anaerobic bacteria.	the antimicrobial activity of moxifloxacin and seven other antibiotics (four of them quinolones) against 292 strains of obligately anaerobic bacteria was assessed employing a broth microdilution technique performed in wilkens-chalgren broth. mic50/mic90 values (mg/l) for moxifloxacin were as follows: bacteroides fragilis (n = 62) 0.25/2, bacteroides ovatus (n = 70) 1/4, bacteroides vulgatus (n = 29) 0.25/1, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (n = 17) 2/2, bacteroides caccae (n = 11) 1/2, prevotella sp ...	2000	10795599
synergic activity, for anaerobes, of trovafloxacin with clindamycin or metronidazole: chequerboard and time-kill methods.	chequerboard titrations were used to test the activity of trovafloxacin, alone and in combination with clindamycin or metronidazole, against 156 gram-positive or gram-negative anaerobes, including 47 bacteroides fragilis group, 36 prevotella spp., 26 fusobacteria, 21 peptostreptococci and 26 clostridia. mic50/mic90 values (mg/l) of each drug alone against all 156 strains were: trovafloxacin, 0.5/1; clindamycin, 0.25/2; metronidazole, 1/2. synergy (fic indices </= 0.5) was seen in two strains wit ...	2000	10797085
translocation of indigenous microflora in an experimental model of sepsis.	translocation of viable bacteria from gut to bloodstream and other sterile body sites during shock has been demonstrated in several experimental and clinical studies. the factors causing translocation and its incidence at different stages of shock are not known. the aim of the study was to evaluate the importance of several factors causing translocation of indigenous microflora in an experimental model of septic shock based on intraperitoneal escherichia coli sepsis in rats. counts of inoculated ...	2000	10798556
a breakdown of symmetry in the folding transition state of protein l.	the 62 residue igg binding domain of protein l consists of a central alpha-helix packed on a four-stranded beta-sheet formed by n and c-terminal beta-hairpins. the overall topology of the protein is quite symmetric: the beta-hairpins have similar lengths and make very similar interactions with the central helix. characterization of the effects of 70 point mutations distributed throughout the protein on the kinetics of folding and unfolding reveals that this symmetry is completely broken during f ...	2000	10801362
linezolid.	linezolid is an oxazolidinone antibacterial agent that acts by inhibiting the initiation of bacterial protein synthesis. cross-resistance between linezolid and other inhibitors of protein synthesis has not been demonstrated. linezolid has a wide spectrum of activity against gram-positive organisms including methicillin-resistant staphylococci, penicillin-resistant pneumococci and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecalis and e. faecium. anerobes such as clostridium spp., peptostreptococcus spp. ...	2000	10804037
[otogenic cerebral abscess: a persistent problem].	a young man with otitis media and cholesteatoma of the left ear developed secondary cerebral abscess. the clinical debut was non-specific, with headache, mild fever, and mild persistent otalgia in spite of early antibiotic treatment. studies revealed a cerebral abscess, so ent surgery in collaboration with the neurosurgery department was decided. this case illustrates that clinical manifestations in such cases can be mild and highlights the need to exclude this type of serious pathology.	2000	10804119
in vitro inhibition of commercial douche products against vaginal microflora.	recently, vaginal douching has been associated with many health risks in women. the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of commercial douche products against various vaginal microorganisms, including lactobacilli. seven commercial douches were tested against eight lactobacillus clinical isolates and three type strains from the american type culture collection. bv-associated bacteria included six strains of five genera: gardnerella, mobiluncus, mycoplasma, peptostreptococcus, and ureaplas ...	2000	10805365
microbiology of infected poison ivy dermatitis.	we report the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of secondarily infected poison ivy dermatitis. the study involved retrospective review of clinical and microbiology laboratory records of patients with secondarily infected poison ivy lesions. bacterial growth was noted in 33 specimens. aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria only were present in 18 (55%) patients, anaerobic bacteria only in seven (21%), and mixed anaerobic-aerobic bacteria in eight (24%). forty-five isolates were recovered (1.4 ...	2000	10809852
[what is your diagnosis? bilateral abscess forming pneumonia].		2000	10815462
strategy for 3-d computed tomography diagnosis and treatment of small pulmonary arteriovenous fistula.	in a patient with left hemianopsia, computed tomography (ct) and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intracranial space-occupying lesion in the right occipital region. a cerebral abscess was removed at craniotomy. enhanced pulmonary ct showed a small coin lesion in the peripheral lingula. and at 3-d ct two nidi with feeding arteries and draining veins were seen, indicating pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. lingular segmentectomy was performed.	2000	10816068
induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression by anaerobes associated with bacterial vaginosis.	bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common disorder characterized by increased levels of anaerobic bacteria in the genital tract. bv has been associated with an increased rate of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the effects of bv-associated anaerobic bacteria on hiv expression in monocytoid cells and t cells were examined. peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus and prevotella bivia stimulated hiv expression in monocytoid cells, whereas bacteroides ureolyticus, peptostreptococcus ...	2000	10823756
review of the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobic pathogens.	published reports on the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin mesylate (sb 265805), a new fluoronaphthyridone, against anaerobic pathogens are reviewed here. the studies used a variety of media, inocula and antimicrobial agents. using a proposed breakpoint of 0.5 mg/l, these studies showed that gemifloxacin had generally higher potency against gram-positive anaerobes (clostridium perfringens, all peptostreptococcus spp.) and fusobacteria (fusobacterium nucleatum, fusobacterium necrophorum) and mode ...	2000	10824034
a prospective, randomized, clinical study to compare the clinical safety, effectiveness, and cost of oral ofloxacin/clindamycin vs intravenous clindamycin/gentamicin for the treatment of postpartum endomyometritis.	objective: the primary objective of this prospective, randomized, clinical study was to compare the safety, clinical and microbiologic efficacy, and cost of oral ofloxacin in combination with clindamycin vs intravenous (iv) clindamycin/gentamicin in the early empiric treatment for hospitalized patients with mild to moderate postpartum endomyometritis. the secondary objective is to reduce total hospital and patient treatment cost. postpartum endomyometritis is a major cause of infectious morbidit ...	1998	10838268
microbiology of healthy and diseased adenoids.	to determine the qualitative and quantitative microbiology of core adenoid tissue obtained from four groups of 15 children each, with recurrent otitis media (rom), recurrent adenotonsillitis (rat), obstructive adenoid hypertrophy (oah), and occlusion or speech abnormalities (controls).	2000	10852520
[the range of antagonistic effects of lactobacillus bacterial strains on etiologic agents of bacterial vaginosis].	bacterial vaginosis is caused by uncontrolled sequential overgrowth of some anaerobic bacteria: gardnerella vaginalis, prevotella bivia, bacteroides spp., peptostreptococcus spp., mobiluncus sp. usually occurring in stable numbers in the bacterial flora of healthy women. on the other hand, different species of bacteria belonging to the genus lactobacillus, most frequently l. plantarum, l. rhamnosus and l. acidophilus, form a group of aerobic bacteria dominating in the same environment. the diver ...	1999	10865430
early microbial colonization of permucosal implants in edentulous patients.	in edentulous patients, the microbial colonization of permucosal implants of sintered hydroxyapatite was studied. samples were taken from mucosa and dentures before insertion of implants and from supra- and subgingival sites two to 10 weeks after insertion. in total, five patients and 10 implants with clinically healthy peri-implant tissues were studied. the samples were investigated by dark-field microscopy and anaerobic culture. the supragingival plaque of the implants was dominated by gram-po ...	1987	10872401
features of severe periodontal disease in a teenager with chédiak-higashi syndrome.	chédiak-higashi syndrome (c-hs) is a rare congenital disease characterized by defective neutrophil function with abnormal lysosomal inclusions, neutropenia, and reduced chemotaxis. the complete syndrome includes oculocutaneous albinism with photophobia, neurologic features, recurrent infections, and enterocolitis.	2000	10872965
ulcus vulvae acutum.	an acute vulvar ulcer was diagnosed based on a case history of a 17-year-old girl with genital ulcers. no relevant causative factors could be established. the gangrenous form of the disease, cutaneous anergy, and the cultured anaerobic pathogens suggested the possibility of an infectious pathogenesis.	2000	10879308
in vitro activity of telithromycin (hmr 3647) and seven other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria.	we assessed the in vitro activity of telithromycin (hmr 3647) and seven other antimicrobials against 292 strains of obligately anaerobic bacteria. mics were determined with the microdilution technique and wilkins-chalgren broth according to din 58940-83. mic50/mic90s (mg/l) for telithromycin were 4/4 for bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides ovatus and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, 2/4 for fusobacterium spp. and bilophila wadsworthia, 2/2 for bacteroides caccae, 1/4 for bacteroides vulgatus, 0.25/4 ...	2000	10882699
the periodontal abscess (i). clinical and microbiological findings.	little information is available regarding the diagnosis and microbiology of periodontal abscesses. the aim of this descriptive clinical and microbiological study was to provide more information in order to help in the characterisation of the periodontal abscess associated to periodontitis.	2000	10883867
[cerebral abscess in an immunocompetent patient].		2000	10893748
proteolysis and utilization of albumin by enrichment cultures of subgingival microbiota.	subgingival dental plaque consists mainly of microorganisms that derive their energy from amino acid fermentation. their nutrient requirements are met by the subgingival proteolytic system, which includes proteases from microorganism and inflammatory cells, and substrate proteins from sulcus exudate, including albumin. to determine the selective effect of individual proteins on microbiota, we used albumin as the main substrate for growth. eight subgingval plaque samples from untreated periodonta ...	1999	10895689
in vitro activities of mk-826 (l-749,345) against 363 strains of anaerobic bacteria.	the activity of mk-826 was compared to the activities of cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and meropenem against 363 gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobes by using nccls procedures. at least 98% of the strains were susceptible to the carbapenems. all strains of clostridium perfringens, fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus, and sutterella wadsworthensis were susceptible to all agents tested.	2000	10898709
toll-like receptor 4-deficient mice have reduced bone destruction following mixed anaerobic infection.	c3h/hej mice have an impaired ability to respond to lipopolysaccharide (lps) due to a mutation in the gene that encodes toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4). the effect of tlr4 deficiency on host responses to endodontic infections is unknown. in the present study, we compared periapical bone destruction, sepsis, and inflammatory cytokine production in lps-hyporesponsive c3h/hej and wild-type control c3h/heouj mice. the mandibular first molars of both strains were subjected to pulpal exposure and infectio ...	2000	10899873
interleukin-1 receptor signaling rather than that of tumor necrosis factor is critical in protecting the host from the severe consequences of a polymicrobe anaerobic infection.	infection of the dental pulp leads to an osteolytic lesion that results from a polymicrobial infection consisting largely of pathogenic anaerobes. infection causes significant morbidity and mortality mediated by bacterial factors and in some cases by the up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (il-1) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf), in particular, play a complex and central role in the responses to microbial pathogens. however, relatively little is known ...	2000	10899881
characterization of bacterial orofacial infections using a new murine model.	we devised a new murine orofacial infection model using bacteria from odontogenic infection origins and characterized the experimental infections. in this model, bacteria were injected into the submandible of mice. streptococcus constellatus and peptostreptococcus micros produced a single abscess at the injection site and their abscess-forming and lethal abilities were low: the median abscess-forming dose (af(50)) of s. constellatus and p. micros were 10(8.5-10.7)and 10(10.2-10.6)cfu/mouse, and ...	2000	10906266
"checkerboard" assessments of periodontal microbiota and serum antibody responses: a case-control study.	we explored the association between subgingival microbial profiles and serum igg responses to periodontal microbiota in relation to clinical periodontal status.	2000	10914791
[bacterial vaginosis. epidemiology and risk factors].	bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a change in vaginal ecosystem where lactobacilli dominate, flora is absent or greatly reduced, and replaced with a mixed, predominantly anaerobic flora, consisting of gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis, mobiluncus spp, bacteroides spp, prevotela spp, peptostreptococcus spp, fusobacterium spp and porphyromonas spp. the concentration of bacteria increases from 100 to 1000 fold in women with bv compared to healthy women. bv has been formerly known as nonspecific v ...	2000	10916461
in vitro bacterial interference in the nasopharynx of otitis media-prone and non-otitis media-prone children.	to compare the frequency of recovery of potential pathogens and aerobic- and anaerobic-interfering bacteria in the nasopharynx of otitis media-prone (omp) with that in non-omp (n-omp) children.	2000	10922236
critical role of beta-hairpin formation in protein g folding.	comparison of the folding mechanisms of proteins with similar structures but very different sequences can provide fundamental insights into the determinants of protein folding mechanisms. despite very little sequence similarity, the approximately 60 residue igg binding domains of protein g and protein l both consist of a single helix packed against a four-stranded sheet formed by two symmetrically disposed beta-hairpins. we demonstrate that, as in the case of protein l, one of the two beta-turns ...	2000	10932252
bacterial vaginosis a "broad overview".	bacterial vaginosis (bv) was first reported in 1995 by gardner and dukes, who described the unique clinical signs and symptoms and the distinctive nature of the vaginal discharge associated with it. they also described a "new" causative organism, which they named "haemophilus vaginalis", subsequently renamed gardnerella vaginalis. bv is currently the most prevalent cause of infectious vaginitis among women attending for genitourinary diseases. bv has a complex microbiology. lactobacillus populat ...	1999	10932748
evaluation of a phenotypic scheme for identification of the 'butyrate-producing' peptostreptococcus species.	gram-positive anaerobic cocci (gpac) are isolated from approximately one quarter of all infections involving anaerobic bacteria. however, studies of the significance of this group of pathogens have been hindered by an inadequate taxonomy and the lack of a valid identification scheme. in the present study, a phenotypic scheme for the identification of 'butyrate-producing' gpac based on the analysis of volatile fatty acid profiles by gas-liquid chromatography, biochemical profiles (including the u ...	2000	10933261
response of the central metabolism in corynebacterium glutamicum to the use of an nadh-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase.	the extensive use of 13c enrichments in precursor metabolites for flux quantification does not rely on nadph stoichiometries and can therefore be used to quantify reducing power fluxes. as an application of this concept, the nadph fluxes were quantified in an l-lysine producer of corynebacterium glutamicum grown into metabolic and isotopic steady state with [1-13c]glucose. in this case, where the organism's nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase consumes reducing power, the nadph flux generated ...	1999	10935753
[the treatment of bacterial vaginosis with dalacin v cream].	to asses the efficiency of the 2% clindamycin phosphate creme given in 3 and 7 daily courses officially designer for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (bv).	2000	10948619
comparative in vitro activities of abt-773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue animal and human bite wound infections.	we studied the comparative in vitro activities of abt-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 10(4) cfu/spot for aerobes and 10(5) cfu for anaerobes. the following are the mic ranges and mics at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (mic(90)s) of abt-773 for various isolates, respectively: pasteurella multocida and pasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 microg/ml; other pasteurella species, 0.125 to ...	2000	10952607
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology in intra-abdominal infections associated with diverticulitis.	the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of intra-abdominal infections associated with diverticulitis was studied in 110 specimens from the peritoneal cavity after intestinal perforation and in 22 specimens from abdominal abscesses. anaerobic bacteria only were isolated from 17 (15%) of the peritoneal specimens, aerobic bacteria only from 12 (11%) and mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora from 81 (74%). a total of 339 bacterial isolates was detected in peritoneal cultures (3.1 per specimen), comprisin ...	2000	10966232
post-caesarean septicaemia in kandang kerbau hospital, singapore, 1993-1995.	we reviewed all documented cases of septicaemia following caesarean deliveries in kandang kerbau hospital between 1st january 1993 to 31st december 1995. there were 22 cases of septicaemia among 8201 caesarean births, and hence the incidence is 2.7:1000. there were 45,412 deliveries, and the overall caesarean section rate was 18.1%. among the 22 documented cases of septicaemia which came under this study, the most common clinical conditions found were endomyometritis (7 cases), urinary tract inf ...	1997	10968108
in vitro activity of an evernimicin derivative, sch27899, against anaerobic bacteria and propionibacterium acnes.	the in vitro activity of sch27899, a novel oligosaccharide antimicrobial agent, was compared with those of representatives of six classes of antimicrobial agents (piperacillin, clarithromycin, clindamycin, vancomycin, sitafloxacin and metronidazole) against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and propionibacterium acnes. against peptostreptococcus: spp. and clostridium difficile, sch27899 was the most potent (mic(90) < 0.125 mg/l) of the agents examined. besides these gram-positive anaerobes ...	2000	10980176
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a new injectable carbapenem, s-4661, against gynaecological pathogens.	carbapenems are often used to treat infections in obstetrics and gynaecology because of their activity against anaerobes. s-4661, a new injectable carbapenem antibiotic, has favourable pharmacokinetic properties and is not hydrolysed by dehydropeptidase i. we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of s-4661 against strains of streptococcus agalactiae, escherichia coli, peptostreptococcus magnus, bacteroides fragilis and prevotella bivia, which are major pathogens in the f ...	2000	10980177
characterization of peptostreptococcus species in skin infections.	we examined the characteristics of peptostreptococcus species in infectious skin diseases. p. magnus was the species identified most frequently, followed by p. asaccharolyticus. peptostreptococcus species were mainly isolated from infected atheroma and secondary infections due to ulcers; their resistance to five antimicrobial agents was generally low. the resistance of the three predominant peptostreptococcus species to the antimicrobials was similar to that of all of the peptostreptococcus spec ...	2000	10983864
laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections.	anaerobic organisms play a major role in pleuropulmonary infections. clinical manifestations range from simple aspiration to acute, severe, necrotizing pneumonias to chronic infections, such as lung abscess and empyema. implicated pathogens are usually of endogenous origin. laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections is based on recovering the etiological agent from clinical specimens. appropriate specimens include pleuml fluid, transtracheal aspirates, transthoracic aspirates a ...	2000	10983929
comparative in vitro activities of gar-936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human bite wound pathogens.	gar-936 is a new semisynthetic glycylcycline with a broad antibacterial spectrum, including tetracycline-resistant strains. the in vitro activities of gar-936, minocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, moxifloxacin, penicillin g, and erythromycin were determined by agar dilution methods against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic strains of bacteria (including pasteurella, eikenella, moraxella, bergeyella, neisseria, ef-4, bacteroides, prevotella, porphyromonas, fusobacterium, staphylococcus, streptococ ...	2000	10991855
bacterial immunoglobulin superantigen proteins a and l activate human heart mast cells by interacting with immunoglobulin e.	human heart mast cells (hhmc) have been identified in heart tissue, perivascularly, and in the intima of coronary arteries. in vitro activation of isolated hhmc induces the release of vasoactive and proinflammatory mediators (histamine, tryptase, and cysteinyl leukotriene c(4) [ltc(4)]). we investigated the effects of several bacterial proteins on hhmc activation in vitro. hhmc released histamine, tryptase, and ltc(4) in response to staphylococcus aureus cowan 1 and the immunoglobulin (ig)-bindi ...	2000	10992448
b-cell deficiency predisposes mice to disseminating anaerobic infections: protection by passive antibody transfer.	we have previously demonstrated that a high proportion of rag-2 scid knockout mice, which lack t and b cells, develop orofacial abscesses and disseminated infections following pulpal infection, whereas immunocompetent control mice do not. in the present study, we sought to identify the components of the adaptive immune response which contribute to protection against disseminating anaerobic infections and sepsis. for this purpose, various genetically engineered immunodeficient mice were employed, ...	2000	10992465
[tracheopulmonary-subcutaneous fistula associated with anaerobic subcutaneous abscess on mechanical ventilator support in a patient with duchenne muscular dystrophy].	a 29-year-old japanese man with duchenne muscular dystrophy was placed on a mechanical ventilator support at 23 years of age and admitted to our hospital at 25 years of age. he had severe neck contracture deviated to the left side which resulted in dysphagia and microaspiration. at 29 years of age, he developed left lobar pneumonia accompanied by slight fever, back pain and a foul odor from the patient's sputum. although the patient received broad spectrum antibiotics, pneumonia disseminated to ...	2000	11002735
the microbial spectrum of brain abscess with special reference to anaerobic bacteria.	the bacteriological and clinical findings of 18 cases of brain abscess are presented. identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic strains was performed both by conventional methods and the newer rapid ana ii panel and e-test methods, respectively. characterization of the anaerobic isolates was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). anaerobic or aerobic organisms alone were recovered in three (16.6%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic in another three (16.6%) pati ...	1998	11013664
detection of major putative periodontopathogens in korean advanced adult periodontitis patients using a nucleic acid-based approach.	although extensive microbial analyses have been performed from subgingival plaque samples of periodontitis patients, systematic analysis of subgingival microbiota has not been carried out in a korean population so far. the purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of major putative periodontopathogens in korean patients by culture-independent methods.	2000	11022767
differences in the composition of the subgingival microbiota of two periodontitis populations of different geographical origin. a comparison between spain and the netherlands.	the purpose of this study was to compare the subgingival microbiota of two geographically distinct patient populations using identical clinical and bacteriological methods. adult patients with a diagnosis of periodontitis were consecutively selected according to pre-defined clinical criteria. microbiological samples were taken from the deepest four sites with bleeding. the samples were plated on blood agar plates, for the determination of the total anaerobic counts and identification of specific ...	2000	11037754
[bacteria isolated from surgical infections and their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents. special references to bacteria isolated between april 1997 and march 1998].	the annual multicenter studies on isolated bacteria from infections in general surgery and their antimicrobial susceptibility have been conducted in 19 facilities in japan since july 1982. this paper describes the results obtained during the period from april 1997 to march 1998. the number of cases investigated as objectives was 215 for one year. a total of 420 strains (170 strains from primary infections and 250 strains from postoperative infections) were isolated from 174 cases (80.9% of total ...	2000	11070817
microbiological parameters associated with il-1 gene polymorphisms in periodontitis patients.	polymorphisms in the cluster of il-1 genes have been significantly associated with the severity of adult periodontitis. the purpose of this study was to compare microbiological parameters in il-1 genotype negative and positive adult subjects with a range of periodontitis severities.	2000	11073323
bacterial susceptibility to amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate in advanced periodontitis patients not responding to mechanical therapy.	between 4 and 8% of periodontitis patients are reported to respond poorly to conventional therapy. in these cases, adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics might be a reasonable therapeutic approach. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemic amoxicillin/clavulanate as adjunct to periodontal surgery on the predominant subgingival microorganisms in patients not responding to mechanical therapy. furthermore, the bacterial susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanate was analyzed ...	2000	11073328
[successful treatment for descending necrotizing mediastinitis: a case report].	a 21-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of high fever, neck swelling, and dyspnea. she was diagnosed as descending necrotizing mediastinitis (dnm) extended from odontogenic infection. on the day of admission, she underwent cervical drainage. next day, the ct scan showed an abscess below the tracheal bifurcation and bilateral pleural effusion. mediastinal drainage was performed through a right thoracotomy, and a left thoracic tube was inserted. anaerobic peptostreptococcus was f ...	2000	11079317
bacteriology in disease: failure of a micro-ecological balance?	both aerobic (mainly alpha-haemolytic streptococci) and anaerobic micro-organisms (like prevotella and peptostreptococcus species) are able to interfere with the growth of potential pathogens such as group a beta-haemolytic streptococci, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. the present paper reviews the application of this concept of interference with respect to the development of common acute ear-, nose- and throat infections.	2000	11082778
the effects of amoxicillin therapy on skin flora in infants.	in order to determine the effect of amoxicillin therapy on the perineal skin microbial flora in infants, we took quantitative bacterial and fungal cultures of perineal and sternal areas from 25 infants treated with amoxicillin (40 mg/kg/day) for 10 days. specimens were obtained prior to therapy, within 3 days of conclusion of therapy, and 14-16 days later. immediately following therapy, a decline in the number of bacterial isolates occurred on both the perineum (89 to 47) and sternum (84 to 39). ...	2000	11085662
human intestinal bacteria capable of transforming secoisolariciresinol diglucoside to mammalian lignans, enterodiol and enterolactone.	seven metabolites were isolated after anaerobic incubation of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (1) with a human fecal suspension. they were identified as (-)-secoisolariciresinol (2), 3-demethyl-(-)-secoisolariciresinol (3), 2-(3-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol (4), didemethylsecoisolariciresinol (5), 2(3-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol (6), enterodiol (7) and enterolactone (8). furthermore, two bacterial strains, peptostreptococcus sp. sdg-1 and ...	2000	11086885
bacteriology of histopathologically defined appendicitis in children.	acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in childhood. however, the pathogenesis and detailed microbiology are obscure.	2000	11099090
apparent culture-negative prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by peptostreptococcus magnus.	in two patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis due to peptostreptococcus magnus, blood cultures in the bact/alert and bactec 9240 systems were signal negative. the capability of the bact/alert system to detect various peptostreptococcus species was assessed. p. magnus and p. anaerobius could not be detected, and subcultures remained negative. the growth in conventional media of these two species and other peptostreptococcus species was similar.	2000	11101611
transgenic rainbow trout expressed sgnrh-antisense rna under the control of sgnrh promoter of atlantic salmon.	a recombinant vector containing antisense dna complementary to atlantic salmon (salmo salar) sgnrh cdna driven by specific promoter pab derived from a corresponding sgnrh gene was introduced into rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs. this resulted in transgenic animals that had integrated one copy of the transgene into their genome and transmitted it through the germline. antisense-sgnrh mrna (as) was expressed mainly in the brain of transgenic as(+) fish. levels of sgnrh endogenous mrna in ...	2000	11116212
comparative in vitro activities of abt-773 against 362 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria.	the activity of abt-773, a novel ketolide antibiotic, against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria was determined and compared to the activities of other antimicrobial agents. mics at which 90% of isolates were inhibited (mic(90)s) were </=0.06 microg/ml for actinomyces spp., clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococcus spp., propionibacterium spp., and porphyromonas spp. the mic(50)s and mic(90)s were </=0.06 and >32 microg/ml, respectively, for eubacterium spp., lactobacillus spp., clostridi ...	2001	11120995
peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus renal abscess: a rare cause of fever of unknown origin.	renal abscess is uncommon in pediatrics and is rarely a cause of fever of unknown origin. we recently cared for a patient who presented with a 3-week history of fever. an indium scan ultimately led to the diagnosis of a renal abscess. aspiration yielded peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus. this unusual case prompted a review of the clinical and microbiologic features of renal abscess in pediatric patients at our hospital over the past 10 years. seven additional patients with a discharge diagnosi ...	2001	11134475
studies on a single immunoglobulin-binding domain of protein l from peptostreptococcus magnus: the role of tyrosine-53 in the reaction with human igg.	chemical modification experiments with tetranitromethane (tnm) have been used to investigate the role of tyrosine residues in the formation of the complex between ppl (the single ig-binding domain of protein l, isolated from p. magnus strain 3316) and the kappa light chain (kappa-chain). reaction of ppl with tnm causes the modification of 1.9 equiv. of tyrosine (tyr(51) and tyr(53)) and results in an approx. 140-fold decrease in affinity for human igg. similar experiments with mutated ppl protei ...	2001	11139405
profile of subgingival microbiota in children with mixed dentition.	a diversity of microbial species has been detected in children's oral flora at an early age. to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of different groups of teeth in children with mixed dentition, 40 systemically healthy children, aged 7-8 years, randomly chosen, were examined. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of 21, 41, 16 and 36 permanent teeth and 53, 73, 64 and 84 deciduous teeth. the samples were cultured for bacterial isolation anaerobica ...	2000	11155173
two cases of diskitis attributable to anaerobic bacteria in children.	diskitis, an inflammation of the intervertebral disk, is generally attributable to staphylococcus aureus and rarely staphylococcus epidermidis, kingella kingae, enterobacteriaciae, and streptococcus pneumoniae. in many cases, no bacterial growth is obtained from infected intervertebral discs. although anaerobic bacteria were recovered from adults with spondylodiscitis, these organisms were not reported before from children. the recovery of anaerobic bacteria in 2 children with diskitis is report ...	2001	11158500
macrolide resistance in peptostreptococcus spp. mediated by ermtr: possible source of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b resistance in streptococcus pyogenes.	eighty percent (21 of 26) of macrolide-resistant peptostreptococcus strains studied harbored the ermtr gene. this methyltransferase gene is also the most frequently found gene among macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b-resistant streptococcus pyogenes strains. transfer of the ermtr gene from peptostreptococcus magnus to macrolide-susceptible s. pyogenes strains indicates that this resistance determinant may circulate among gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic species of the oropharyngeal bacteri ...	2001	11158770
interleukin-6 deficiency increases inflammatory bone destruction.	periapical bone destruction occurs as a consequence of pulpal infection. in previous studies, we showed that interleukin-1 (il-1) is the primary stimulator of bone destruction in this model. il-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is induced in these infections and has both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. in the present study, we determined the role of il-6 in regulating il-1 expression and bone resorption. the first molars of il-6 knockouts (il-6(-/-)) and wild-type mice were subjected to su ...	2001	11159963
calibration of the disk diffusion test for trovafloxacin susceptibility testing of four anaerobic species.	to study trovafloxacin susceptibility among clinical isolates of four anaerobic bacterial species using minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) determinations, e test assays and disk diffusion test results and to calibrate the disk diffusion method for these species using single strain regression analysis (sra).	2000	11168107
early colonization of dental implants by putative periodontal pathogens in partially edentulous patients.	there is limited scientific information available on the early colonization of the peri-implant pockets in partially edentulous individuals. knowledge about this process is one step in better understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. in this study, the early colonization of the peri-implant pockets by putative periodontal pathogens was studied in 20 partially edentulous individuals using anaerobic culture techniques. at baseline, the presence and levels of putative periodo ...	2000	11168244
statistical theory for protein combinatorial libraries. packing interactions, backbone flexibility, and the sequence variability of a main-chain structure.	combinatorial experiments provide new ways to probe the determinants of protein folding and to identify novel folding amino acid sequences. these types of experiments, however, are complicated both by enormous conformational complexity and by large numbers of possible sequences. therefore, a quantitative computational theory would be helpful in designing and interpreting these types of experiment. here, we present and apply a statistically based, computational approach for identifying the proper ...	2001	11178917
growth inhibitory activity of gutta-percha points containing root canal medications on common endodontic bacterial pathogens as determined by an optimized quantitative in vitro assay.	gutta-percha points containing calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide (zno), a mixture of zno and chlorhexidine (zno/chx), iodine-polyvinylpyrrolidone (zno/j-pvp), or a mixture of chx and j-pvp and zno (zno/chx/j-pvp) were tested for their ability to inhibit growth of pure cultures of bacterial species commonly involved in endodontic infections (peptostreptococcus micros, streptococcus intermedius, enterococcus faecalis, and porphyromonas gingivalis). to quantitate growth inhibition, an in vitro assay wa ...	2000	11199764