| the heterocysts of blue-green algae (myxophyceae). | | 1975 | 810188 |
| nitrogen fixation and the heterocyst in blue-green algae. | | 1975 | 805725 |
| nucleic acid synthesis and regulation in blue-green algae. | | 1975 | 805726 |
| [cultivation of candida tropicalis k-41 on blue-green algae hydrolysates]. | | 1975 | 814391 |
| beyond the barcoo--probable human tropical cyanobacterial poisoning in outback australia. | to determine the cause of a disease known variously as "barcoo fever, barcoo spews, barcoo sickness", or simply "the barcoo", once prevalent in outback northern and central australia. | 1992 | 1454012 |
| observations on the feeding mechanism, diet and digestive physiology of histriobdella homari van beneden 1858: an aberrant polychaete symbiotic with north american and european lobsters. | 1. the aberrant annelid histriobdella homari (polychaeta:eunicida) lives in the branchial chambers of the marine lobsters homarus americanus and h. vulgaris where it feeds on the rich microflora of bacteria, blue-green algae and related organisms which grow on the inner surface of the branchial chamber, the setae fringing the edges of the carapace, the gill filaments and, especially, the surfaces and setae of the epipodite plates between the gills. h. homari, therefore, is to be regarded as an e ... | 1976 | 1016663 |
| [biologically active metabolites of blue-green algae and their effect on experimental animals]. | | 1976 | 817985 |
| evolutionary information involved in primary structures of chloroplast-type ferredoxins. | the complete amino acid sequence of a chloroplast-type ferredoxin from a fresh water prokaryote, aphanothece sacrum, was determined. the sequence consisted of 96 amino acid residues and was homologous to those of ferredoxins of higher plants. comparison of eight ferredoxins, including one from a green alga and three from blue-green algae, suggested that the sequences of algal ferredoxins were as different from one another as from those of higher plants. the relationship between the numbers of di ... | 1975 | 818076 |
| blue-green algae: their excretion of iron-selective chelators enables them to dominate other algae. | during blue-green algal blooms, other algae can be completely suppressed. this ability of blue-green algae to suppress other algae may be determined by the abailability of iron. iron deprivation induces the production of hydroxamate chelators, which appear to be the agent suppressing other algae. | 1976 | 818707 |
| ribonucleotide reductase in blue-green algae: dependence on adenosylcobalamin. | ten species of freshwater blue-green algae exhibit an adenosylcobalamin-dependent ribonucleotide reductase, thuse explaining the requirement for cobalt by these organisms. the evidence suggests a phylogenetic affinity between the cyanophytes and bacteria, such as clostridium and rhizobium, and the euglenoid flagellates, which also use the cofactor-dependent reductase. in contrast, the ribonucleotide reductase reaction in the few green algae surveyed shows no dependence on cobalamins. | 1976 | 818711 |
| partial sequences of 16s rrna and the phylogeny of blue-green algae and chloroplasts. | | 1976 | 819841 |
| cyanobacterial dna-binding protein related to escherichia coli hu. | a dna-binding protein has been isolated from two cyanobacteria (blue-green algae): anabaena sp and aphanocapsa sp. it has a molecular weight as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of about 10,000, is rich in lysine and arginine, and lacks tyrosine, tryptophan, and cysteine. the proteins from both strains show immunological identity with a similar dna-binding protein from escherichia coli, when tested by immunodiffusion with an antiserum prepared against the e. ... | 1976 | 819928 |
| factors influencing dark nitrogen fixation in a blue-green alga. | nitrogen-fixing activity declines first rapidly and then more gradually when anabaenopsis circularis is transferred from light into dark conditions. the rate and duration of dark acetylene reduction (nitrogen fixation) depend upon conditions prevailing during the preceding light period. factors (such as light intensity, co2 concentration, and supply of glucose), which in the light affect photosynthesis and the accumulation of reserve carbon, have a profound effect on dark nitrogen fixation. gluc ... | 1976 | 820251 |
| conversion of acetylene reduction rates to nitrogen fixation rates in natural populations of blue-green algae. | | 1976 | 822744 |
| speculations on a possible essential function of the gelatinous sheath of blue-green algae. | voluminous and often fluffy sheaths surrounding blue-green algal cells are observed (a) in productive natural waters, (b) in bacteria-containing laboratory cultures growing in inorganic nutrient media with added bacteria-assimilable organic matter, and (c) in axenic cultures in the same inorganic media even without added organic matter. the sheaths of bacteria-associated species in inorganic media without added organic matter are, by comparison, thin, and growth is meager. repeated observations ... | 1976 | 822932 |
| comment of egami's concept of the evolution of nitrate respiration. | recent results suggest that the presence of common nitrogen salts (sodium nitrite and nitrate) in the irradiation medium can markedly protect filamentous blue green algae from potentially lethal ultraviolet light irradiation. our results as well as general biologica-l arguments as presented by egami (above) support and extend egami's original view that anaerobic respiratory pathways using nitrite and nitrate as terminal electron acceptors evolved prior to oxygen requiring aerobic respiratory pat ... | 1976 | 823508 |
| reliability of elements and systems in enzymology. | the applications of the elements of reliability to the description of the stability and aging processes of enzymes and polyenzyme systems have been considered. the inactivation of individual enzymes or polyenzyme systems whose activity varies on the molecular level according to the "all-or-nothing" principle is described by an exponential reliability law. systems of enzymes which are inactivated according to an exponential law have been considered. it has been shown that in the case of enzymes f ... | 1976 | 1023047 |
| [characteristics of surface structures of unicellular blue-green algae, revealed by electron microscopic cryofractography]. | | 1976 | 827429 |
| on the prokaryotic nature of red algal chloroplasts. | the sequences of oligonucleotides released by t1 ribonuclease digestion of 32-p-labeled 16s (chloroplast) and 18s (cytoplasmic) ribosomal rnas from a marine species of porphyridium (rhodophyta) have been determined. the resultant catalogs have been compared to those obtained for three prokaryotes:escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, and anacystis nidulans (a blud-green alga). there is extensive sequence homology between the porphyridium chloroplast 16s ribosomal rna and each of the prokaryotic 1 ... | 1975 | 1056032 |
| on the origin of plastids. | the buoyant density in cscl of ribosomes from chloroplasts of the green alga chlorella pyrenoidosa and two species of higher plants, pisum sativum and chenopodium album, has been studied. from the relative protein content it was calculated that 70s ribosomes from chloroplasts are much smaller than 80s cytoplasmic ribosomes (3.0-3.1 x 10(6) and 4.0 x 10(6) daltons) and slightly larger than 70s ribosomes from bacteria (e. coli 2.5 x 10(6) daltons). chloroplast ribosomes from pea seedlings were ana ... | 1975 | 1103046 |
| formation of one-dimensional patterns by stochastic processes and by filamentous blue-green algae. | | 1975 | 810378 |
| immunosuppressive substances from blue-green algae. | | 1991 | 1905459 |
| [ultrastructure of spirulina in comparison with oscillatoria]. | the following filamentous blue-green algae: s. platensis, s. platensis f. minor and s. princeps were observed under electronmicroscope and were compared with two species of the related genera oscillatoria: o. rubescens and o. chalybea. from our research it was resulted that spirulina is characterized by a more dense cellular content and by a more wide thylakoid system. the protoplasm shows various types of inclusions: polyglucan granules, lipid droplets, eyanophycin granules, polyhedral bodies, ... | 1976 | 827871 |
| report on a biochemical red tide repressive agent. | organisms were isolated from the november 1973 red tide outbreak in a search for a naturally occurring predator organism. two organisms were found which look promising as a means of biocontrol: a tintinnideae spp., ciliate and gomphosphaeria aponina kutzing, a blue-green algae. this report characterizes a blue-green algal toxin found to be lethal to the florida red tide organism gymnodinium breve davis. | 1975 | 812692 |
| photosynthetically-linked oxidation of diaminobenzidine in blue-green algae. | | 1975 | 813016 |
| [problems of toxin formation in blue-green algae]. | | 1975 | 814388 |
| outbreaks of diarrheal illness associated with cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)-like bodies--chicago and nepal, 1989 and 1990. | recent reports have described the detection of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)-like bodies (clb) in the stools of persons with a prolonged syndrome of diarrhea, anorexia, and fatigue (1-3). in each of these reports, affected persons either were immunocompromised or had recently traveled to tropical countries. during 1989 and 1990, the first three reported outbreaks of this clb-associated syndrome occurred in immunocompetent populations, affecting at least 150 persons. this report summarizes inv ... | 1991 | 1902548 |
| the cytochrome c oxidase genes in blue-green algae and characteristics of the deduced protein sequence for subunit ii of the thermophilic cyanobacterium synechococcus vulcanus. | blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) contain both primitive photosynthetic and respiratory systems in their membranes. the controversial genes coding for an alpha alpha 3-type cytochrome oxidase in cyanobacteria were examined. the dna probe coding for the most conserved part of subunit i hybridized with dna fragments from four cyanobacterial species. we have cloned the genes coding for subunits i and ii from the genomic library of the thermophilic cyanobacterium synechococcus vulcanus and determined ... | 1991 | 1659815 |
| effects of petroleum oils and their paraffinic, asphaltic, and aromatic fractions on photosynthesis and respiration of microalgae. | inhibition of photosynthesis was more severe than that of respiration in anabaena doliolum exposed to assam crude oil, furnace oil, petrol, diesel, and kerosene. variabilities in toxicity of these oils, which seem to be related to their aromatic and asphaltic contents, were observed. diesel and furnace oil, due to greater concentrations of aromatics, were more toxic than other oils. the toxic effects of asphaltic fractions were similar to those of aromatics. the study showed that the effects of ... | 1990 | 2107072 |
| blue-green algae: fact or fantasy? | | 1992 | 1588886 |
| of cabbages and chlorine: cholera in peru. | the low case fatality rates (1%) from the 1991 cholera epidemic in peru was more a result of including diarrheas of a less virulent etiology than that of cholera. in fact, a study during the early phases of the cholera epidemic in trujillo, peru revealed that only 79% of suspected cholera cases were infected with vibrio cholera 01. further other people contended that the government of peru did not chlorinate many water supplies because studies by the us environmental protection agency suggeste ... | 1992 | 1351603 |
| identification of anatoxin-a in benthic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and in associated dog poisonings at loch insh, scotland. | dog deaths occurred in 1990 and 1991 after the animals drank water containing blooms of benthic cyanobacteria along the shoreline of loch insh, scotland. signs of poisoning in the affected animals and the high neurotoxicity of bloom extracts in laboratory bioassays indicated acute poisoning due to cyanobacterial neurotoxin(s). the neurotoxic blooms consisted largely of benthic oscillatoria species which were also observed in the stomach contents of the poisoned dogs. stomach contents were also n ... | 1992 | 1440622 |
| effect of the cyanobacterial (blue-green algal) toxins from microcystis aeruginosa on isolated enterocytes from the chicken small intestine. | livestock deaths, and clinical reports of human injury, follow the consumption of toxic blue-green algae. the experiments described show that isolated intestinal enterocytes from chicks are both deformed and killed by exposure to microcystis toxins, in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. the enterocytes were protected from toxicity by deoxycholate, bromosulphothalein and rifampicin. it was concluded that the gastroenteritis clinically associated with accidental microcystis ingestion is l ... | 1992 | 1509499 |
| fatal canine neurotoxicosis attributed to blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). | | 1992 | 1595148 |
| structure-function relationships of microcystins, liver tumor promoters, in interaction with protein phosphatase. | microcystins, isolated from toxic blue-green algae, are potent inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 and 2a. recently, we have reported that microcystin lr has a potent tumor-promoting activity on rat liver initiated with diethylnitrosamine. the structure of microcystins is unique in having an unusual amino acid, 3-amino-9-methoxy-10-phenyl-2,6,8-trimethyl-deca-4(e),6(e)-dienoic acid (adda), which is thought to be significant for the activity. geometrical isomers at c-7 in the adda portion of mic ... | 1991 | 1657848 |
| liver tumor promotion by the cyanobacterial cyclic peptide toxin microcystin-lr. | certain waterblooms of toxic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are a health threat because of their production of toxic peptides, termed microcystins, which cause liver damage in wild and domesticated animals. the most widely studied microcystin is microcystin-lr, a heptapeptide containing the two l-amino acids, leucine and arginine. the inhibition of protein phosphatase type 1 and type 2a activities by microcystin-lr is similar to that of the known protein phosphatase inhibitor and tumor promote ... | 1992 | 1618889 |
| blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) | | 1992 | 1620033 |
| structural characterization of toxic cyclic peptides from blue-green algae by tandem mass spectrometry. | combined use of chemical degradation, derivatization, and tandem mass spectrometry for rapid structural characterization of toxic cyclic peptides from blue-green algae at the nanomole level is described. previously, all blue-green algal toxins were thought to belong to a family of seven-residue cyclic peptides, having the general structure cyclo-d-ala-l-xaa-erythro-beta-methyl-d-isoaspartic acid-l-yaa-adda-d-isoglutamic acid-n-methyldehydroalanine, where xaa and yaa represent variable amino acid ... | 1989 | 2492662 |
| role of azolla in controlling mosquito breeding in ghaziabad district villages (u.p.). | a survey was carried out during post-monsoon period (1988-89) in villages of dhaulana primary health centre, distt. ghaziabad (u.p.) to evaluate the utility of azolla pinnata for the control of mosquito breeding in different habitats. results of the survey revealed that pools, ponds, wells, rice fields and drains were infested with azolla. infestation rate and intensity of infestation varied from habitat to habitat. maximum infestation (36.5%) was observed in pools and minimum (3.7%) in rice fie ... | 1991 | 1680758 |
| diagnostic and clinically important aspects of cyanobacterial (blue-green algae) toxicoses. | | 1989 | 2518710 |
| evaluation of potential chemoprotectants against microcystin-lr hepatotoxicity in mice. | microcystin-lr (mclr) is a potent cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin produced by the blue-green algae, microcystis aeruginosa. toxic blooms of this cyanobacteria have been reported throughout the temperate world. in spite of the potential economic loss and health hazard posed by this toxin, few studies on the development of an antidote have been conducted. thus, a number of biologically active compounds were tested in mice for effectiveness in preventing the toxicity of a lethal dose of mclr (100 m ... | 1991 | 1902496 |
| protection against microcystin-lr-induced hepatotoxicity by silymarin: biochemistry, histopathology, and lethality. | microcystin-lr, a cyclic heptapeptide synthesized by the blue-green algae, microcystis aeruginosa, is a potent hepatotoxin. pathological examination of livers from mice and rats that received microcystin-lr revealed severe, peracute, diffuse, centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis, and hemorrhage. these changes were correlated with increased serum activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. pretreatment of either rats or mice with a single dose of si ... | 1991 | 1902564 |
| illness associated with blue-green algae. | | 1992 | 1734199 |
| waterborne-disease outbreaks, 1989-1990. | for the 2-year period 1989-1990, 16 states reported 26 outbreaks due to water intended for drinking; an estimated total of 4,288 persons became ill in these outbreaks. giardia lamblia was implicated as the etiologic agent for seven of the 12 outbreaks in which an agent was identified. the outbreaks of giardiasis were all associated with ingestion of unfiltered surface water or surface-influenced groundwater. an outbreak with four deaths was attributed to escherichia coli o157:h7, the only bacter ... | 1991 | 1770924 |
| [investigations of the immunomodulatory effect of cyanobacterial extracts]. | resulting from the knowledge that cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are able to produce pharmacologically active substances the aqueous extracts from several cyanobacteria species and strains (microcystis aeruginosa, synechocystis aquatilis, oscillatoria redekei, anabaena flos-aque, aphanizomenon flos-aquae, oscillatoria rubescens, oscillatoria tenuis) were tested for their immunomodulating activity. extracts from oscillatoria redekei 051, oscillatoria tenuis 01 and synechocystis aquatilis 428 ca ... | 1991 | 1801597 |
| spirulina as a source of vitamin a. | experiments were carried out to assess spirulina fusiformis-a blue green algae as a source of vitamin a in rats. in one experiment, the control rats were fed synthetic vitamin a and the experimental rats spirulina as the sole source of vitamin a. the liver vitamin a concentration of spirulina-fed rats of both sexes was found to be significantly higher than that of the control rats. in another experiment the absorption of carotenes from the solvent extract of spirulina and their availability (vit ... | 1991 | 1906616 |
| fatty acids as biological markers for bacterial symbionts in sponges. | analyses of fatty acids with carbon numbers between c12 and c22 are reported for five great barrier reef sponges. these analyses indicate that phototrophic cyanobacterial symbionts (blue-green algae) present in three of the sponges are chemically distinct, whereas the other two sponges do not contain cyanobacterial symbionts. all the sponges contain other, nonphototrophic bacteria. the fatty acid analyses indicate that the non-phototrophic bacterial populations present in the different sponges a ... | 1988 | 2906395 |
| a low potential iron-sulfur cluster bound to membranes in blue-green algae. | a new low temperature epr signal at g = 1.92 was found in photoreduced membrane fractions prepared from blue-green algae, nostoc muscorum, tolypothrix tenuis, phormidium persicinum, and anabaena variabilis. the signal also appeared when the sample was chemically reduced in the dark. judging from the spectrum, the signal was probably due to the reduced form of a membrane-bound iron-sulfur cluster, tentatively designated as cluster d. the midpoint potential of cluster d was determined to be -0.27 ... | 1985 | 2987203 |
| the begginning of photosynthesis. | there is no evolutionary continuity between photochemical abiosynthesis and bacterial photosynthesis. rather, the photosynthetic bacteria are descendants of fermenters that did not use light. photosynthesis and respiration, both using electron flow coupled with phosphorylation, have a common origin ('conversion hypothesis'), but photosynthesis came first. anaerobic (nitrate or sulphate) respiration cannot have preceded photosynthesis as neither nitrate nor sulphate existed on the early earth. su ... | 1975 | 1153184 |
| the early development and evolution of the human brain. | the chemistry of the brain: the brain and nervous system is characterised by a heavy investment in lipid chemistry which accounts for up to 60% of its structural material. in the different mammalian species so far studied, only the 20 and 22 carbon chain length polyenoic fatty acids were present and the balance of the n-3 to n-6 fatty acids was consistently 1:1. the difference observed between species, was not in the chemistry but in the extent to which the brain is developed. this paper discuss ... | 1990 | 2077700 |
| use of rifampin as an effective chemoprotectant and antidote against microcystin-lr toxicity. | microcystin-lr (mclr) is a potent cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin that is produced by the blue-green algae, microcystis aeruginosa. this organism forms blooms in freshwater lakes and ponds. following ingestion of contaminated waters, deaths of wildlife and domestic animals frequently occur. due to the lack of available methods and drugs for treating cases of poisoning with this toxin, development of an effective antidote to this toxin is needed. we have examined the ability of the semisynthetic ... | 1990 | 2080233 |
| the nutritional value of dehydrated, blue-green algae (spirulina platensis) for poultry. | three experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of the blue-green algae, spirulina platensis, grown on a synthetic media. in experiment 1, day-old, white leghorn cockerel chicks (120) were fed isonitrogenous diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% of dried spirulina. at 3 wk of age, the growth of the chicks fed 10 and 20% of spirulina was depressed (p less than .05), although feed efficiency was not affected. in experiment 2, 250 1-day-old, hubbard by hubbard, male broiler chic ... | 1990 | 2114613 |
| ion metabolism in a halophilic blue-green alga, aphanothece halophytica. | the intracellular ion content of the halophilic blue-green alga, aphanthece halophytica was studied as a function of age, external sodium and external potassium concentration. intracellular na+ was found to be about 0.38 millimoles/g dry mass. intracellular k+ concentrations were as high as 1 m and varied directly with external salinity. intracellular ca++ and mg++ were in the range previously reported for fresh water blue-green algae despite their extremely high extracellular concentrations. av ... | 1976 | 828029 |
| microcystin-lr-induced ultrastructural changes in rats. | the ultrastructure of hepatic, pulmonary, and renal lesions was evaluated in rats injected intraperitoneally with a lethal dose of microcystin-lr (mclr, 160 micrograms/kg), a cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin produced by the blue-green algae, microcystis aeruginosa. hepatic lesions were first seen at 10 minutes post-dosing and consisted of mild widening of hepatocyte intercellular spaces centrilobularly. at 20 minutes post-dosing, hepatocyte plasma membrane alterations were more pronounced, consis ... | 1990 | 2106745 |
| toxic effects of organic solvents on the growth of blue-green algae. | | 1987 | 3107637 |
| influence of light on chlorophyll, a content of blue-green algae treated with heavy metals. | | 1987 | 3107639 |
| blue-green algae toxicoses in oklahoma. | | 1990 | 2124747 |
| characterization of microcystin-lr, a potent inhibitor of type 1 and type 2a protein phosphatases. | the level of protein phosphorylation is dependent on the relative activities of both protein kinases and protein phosphatases. by comparison with protein kinases, however, there have been considerably fewer studies on the functions of serine/threonine protein phosphatases. this is partly due to a lack of specific protein phosphatase inhibitors that can be used as probes. in the present study we characterize the inhibitory effects of microcystin-lr, a hepatotoxic cyclic peptide associated with mo ... | 1990 | 2174036 |
| seasonal changes of larval food and feeding of chironomus crassicaudatus (diptera: chironomidae) in a subtropical lake. | the food of chironomus crassicaudatus midge larvae in lake monroe, central florida, was investigated from may 1981 to april 1982. gut contents of larvae collected monthly from 16 stations in the lake were analyzed. quantitative samples of water collected monthly at the mud-water interface at each station were analyzed for the larval food composition in the water. the larvae fed primarily on cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). blue-green algae were predominant in the water as well as in the larval ... | 1990 | 2324728 |
| evidence from high-pressure liquid chromatography for the existence of two ferredoxins in plants. | crude ferredoxin preparations were obtained from blue-green algae, green algae, ferns, and higher plants. we analyzed the preparations by high-pressure liquid chromatography using two different types of columns, a hydrophobic phenyl-5pw column and an ion-exchange deae-5pw column. two ferredoxins were detected in all plants analyzed. the ferredoxins from some plants were separated by use of both columns and those from others were separated by one of the two columns. thus, there were three possibl ... | 1987 | 3619441 |
| inhibition of protein phosphatases by microcystins and nodularin associated with hepatotoxicity. | microcystins and nodularin, isolated from toxic blue-green algae, are hepatotoxic monocyclic polypeptides. both microcystins and nodularin inhibited in vitro protein phosphatase activity present in a cytosolic fraction of mouse liver, bound to the okadaic acid receptors, protein phosphatases 1 and 2a, and thus resulted in the increase of phosphoproteins; this was referred to as the apparent "activation" of protein kinases. their concentrations causing 50% of the maximal effects are comparable to ... | 1990 | 2174896 |
| analysis of pneumocystis carinii cyst wall. i. evidence for an outer surface membrane. | it has long been thought that the cyst form of pneumocystis carinii, which can resist host defenses and antimicrobial drugs, is responsible for relapses of p. carinii pneumonia. the thick wall of the cyst is immunogenic and rich in glucosyl/mannosyl and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine residues. in this study we have demonstrated the presence of a hitherto unreported outer membrane in the cyst wall of p. carinii. this membrane was detected by a combination of techniques, including transmission electron mi ... | 1990 | 2213655 |
| copper-zinc superoxide dismutase of caulobacter crescentus: cloning, sequencing, and mapping of the gene and periplasmic location of the enzyme. | although widely found in the cytoplasm of eucaryotes, the copper-zinc form of superoxide dismutase (cuznsod) has been identified in only a small number of bacterial species. one species is the freshwater bacterium caulobacter crescentus, which also contains an sod with iron as the metal cofactor (fesod). to investigate the function of this cuznsod and its structural relationship to the eucaryotic cuznsods, the gene encoding cuznsod (sodc) of c. crescentus cb15 was cloned and sequenced. by hybrid ... | 1990 | 2345128 |
| blue-green algae (anabaena spiroides) toxicosis in pigs. | toxicosis caused by anabaena spiroides was diagnosed in 7 of 26 finishing hogs in a farrow-to-finish operation in kentucky. several sick pigs in the herd had the following clinical signs: vomiting, dull appearance, lethargy, anorexia, muscle tremors, frothing at the mouth, coughing, sneezing, dyspnea, and bloody diarrhea. of the 7 dead pigs, 2 were necropsied. tissue speciments and stomach contents were obtained for microscopic, microbiologic, and toxicologic evaluations. in addition, vomitus fr ... | 1989 | 2502512 |
| aids-antiviral sulfolipids from cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). | a recently developed tetrazolium-based microculture assay was used to screen extracts of cultured cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) for inhibition of the cytopathic effects of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1), which is implicated as a causative agent of aids. a number of extracts were found to be remarkably active against the aids virus. a new class of hiv-1-inhibitory compounds, the sulfonic acid-containing glycolipids, was discovered through the use of the microculture assay to guide th ... | 1989 | 2502635 |
| algae intoxication in livestock and waterfowl. | blue-green algae toxins include (1) hepatotoxic peptides that are known to be toxic to cattle, dogs, swine, waterfowl, and sometimes other species; (2) a nicotinic agonist neurotoxin that appears to be toxic to a wide range of animal species; (3) a peripheral-acting cholinesterase inhibitor that is very toxic to swine, birds, and dogs; (4) toxins that impair nervous transmission by blocking sodium channels in nerve cells; and (5) lipopolysaccharide endotoxins. this article provides current infor ... | 1989 | 2503241 |
| interaction of microcystin-lr with superchar: water decontamination and therapy. | activated charcoal (superchar) has been recommended for therapeutic use against poisoning by several toxic agents, but it has not been tested against microcystin-lr toxicosis. microcystin-lr, a cyclic heptapeptide isolated from fresh water blue-green algae, has been shown to be a potent hepatotoxin in animals and in man. studies were performed to determine the degree of in vitro adsorption of microcystin-lr to superchar and to assess the efficacy of superchar as a therapeutic agent against micro ... | 1989 | 2513418 |
| vertical distribution of potentially pathogenic free-living amoebae in freshwater lakes. | the vertical distribution of thermotolerant (37 degrees c and 45 degrees c) free-living amoebae (fla) in warm monomictic lakes was determined in relation to the onset of thermal stratification and associated physical and chemical changes. the position of abiotic or biotic particulate layers in the water column was located by using a submersible horizontal beam transmissometer that measures attenuance, or the absorption and scattering of light by particulates in the water column. during mixis, th ... | 1985 | 3989753 |
| sequence of a genomic dna clone for the small subunit of ribulose bis-phosphate carboxylase-oxygenase from tobacco. | we have cloned and sequenced a gene for the small subunit (ss) of ribulose bis-phosphate carboxylase-oxygenase from nicotiana tabacum. the tobacco gene is most closely related to the ss genes from the dicots soybean and pea, and less so to the monocots wheat and lemna; the deduced amino acid sequence of the mature protein is in all cases more closely conserved than is its chloroplast transit sequence. unlike the genomic sequences of the two monocots, which have one intron, and the two other dico ... | 1985 | 4000958 |
| effect of pesticides on blue-green algae. | | 1973 | 4120877 |
| [poisonings by blue-green algae]. | | 1989 | 2517137 |
| partial amino acid sequence of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from the blue-green algae synechococcus leopoliensis. | purified fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from the cyanobacterium synechococcus leopoliensis was s-carboxymethylated and cleaved with trypsin. the resulting peptides were purified by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography and the amino acid sequence of six of the purified peptides was determined by gas-phase microsequencing. the results revealed sequence homology with other fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases. the obtained sequence data provides information required for the design of oligonuc ... | 1989 | 2550924 |
| pyridine nucleotide-dependent glucose dehydrogenase activity in blue-green algae. | pyridine nucleotide-dependent glucose dehydrogenase activity (gpnd) is described for the first time in cell-free extracts of certain blue-green algae. when glucose is added to these crude cell extracts, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate is reduced at twice the rate as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; but evidence suggests that this activity is due to a single enzyme. the distribution and level of gpnd in selected blue-green algae correlates with the heterotrophic potential of each sp ... | 1973 | 4144590 |
| fine control of citrate synthase activity in blue-green algae. | | 1973 | 4147752 |
| evaluation of the metal uptake of several algae strains in a multicomponent matrix utilizing inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. | three freshwater heat-killed, lyophilized blue-green algae strains have been characterized as to their ability to accumulate heavy metals with a focus on the utilization of these algae as an analytical preconcentration technique. this study examines the metal uptake in several multicomponent mixtures by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (icp-oes). six milligrams of a pure strain of algae was added to 20-ml aliquots of buffered (ph 5.5-6.5) multielement solutions cont ... | 1989 | 2729595 |
| lower ph limit for the existence of blue-green algae: evolutionary and ecological implications. | observations on a wide variety of acidic environments, both natural and man-made, reveal that blue-green algae (cyanophyta) are completely absent from habitats in which the ph is less than 4 or 5, whereas eukaryotic algae flourish. by using enrichment cultures with inocula from habitats of various ph values, the absence of blue-green algae at low ph was confirmed. | 1973 | 4196167 |
| chelatins in euglena gracilis and ochromonas danica. | amino acid analysis was performed on low molecular weight copper binding proteins purified from two species of protozoa after exposure to a high level of this metal. the compound from ochromonas is similar to cu-chelatins. the two peptides from euglena have a different molecular weight and a very dissimilar amino acid composition. peptide no. 1 has a peculiar composition with a high content of aspartic acid and arginine. some speculations are made about its detoxification role in comparison with ... | 1985 | 2865072 |
| loss of photosynthetic activity in two blue-green algae as a result of osmotic stress. | a progressive loss of photosynthetic activity occurred when cells of anacystis nidulans and coccochloris peniocystis were incubated in increasing concentrations of osmotica from 0.2 to 0.7 m, and there was a release of pteridine from the cells proportional to the loss of photosynthetic activity. | 1973 | 4197908 |
| [activity of fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase in blue-green algae]. | | 1973 | 4197706 |
| freshly prepared rat hepatocytes used in screening the toxicity of blue-green algal blooms. | the acute toxicity of extracts of blue-green algae was tested in freshly prepared rat hepatocytes in suspension. the results were compared with the traditional in vivo mouse bioassay. sixty samples of natural algal blooms from freshwater lakes in norway, sweden, and finland and 14 samples cultured in the laboratory were tested. the mouse bioassay revealed hepatotoxins in a large number of the algae, while neurotoxins were not found. acute hepatotoxicity in vitro was scored by measurement of leak ... | 1987 | 3100818 |
| use of freshly prepared rat hepatocytes to study toxicity of blooms of the blue-green algae microcystis aeruginosa and oscillatoria agardhii. | extracts from blue-green algal blooms (microcystis aeruginosa and oscillatoria agardhii) from different lakes in southeastern norway were tested for toxicity toward freshly prepared rat hepatocytes. the toxicity effects were scored by means of morphological studies of the cells and by measuring leakage of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) from the cells. the results with the hepatocytes correspond well with results from the traditional mouse bioassay, concerning both ability to distinguish ... | 1986 | 3095554 |
| the genetics of blue-green algae. | | 1972 | 4199772 |
| the synthesis and stability of ribosomal rna in blue-green algae. | | 1973 | 4200178 |
| [effect of carbon-containing compounds on the chromatic characteristics of anacystis nidulans blue-green algae]. | | 1973 | 4201591 |
| toxic peptides from freshwater cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). i. isolation, purification and characterization of peptides from microcystis aeruginosa and anabaena flos-aquae. | toxic peptides from two european microcystis aeruginosa and one canadian anabaena flos-aquae species of freshwater cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) were purified by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and examined by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry. a toxic fraction from a butanol/methanol extract of toxic lyophilized cells was separated by g-25 gel filtration and purified by hplc using a c-18 semi-preparative column. a toxic peak with the same elution time was detected for e ... | 1986 | 3101230 |
| the labeling of nucleic acids by radioactive precursors in the blue-green algae anacystis nidulans and synechocystis aquatilis sanv. | | 1973 | 4201019 |
| phycobilisomes in blue-green algae. | fifteen species of freshwater blue-green algae, including unicellular, filamentous, and colonial forms, were subjected to a variety of fixatives, fixation conditions, and stains for comparison of the preservation of phycobilisomes. absorption spectra of the corresponding in vivo and released photosynthetic pigments, in 10 of the species that were maintained in culture, demonstrated the presence of phycocyanin in all 10 species and phycoerythrin in only 2 of them. spectroscope and electron micros ... | 1974 | 4204443 |
| cyanophages-viruses attacking blue-green algae. | | 1973 | 4202147 |
| [lysis of blue-green algae by an agent of nonviral character]. | | 1973 | 4205238 |
| [a study of the dying off of blue-green algae in the dark]. | | 1974 | 4208198 |
| [formation of the infectious form of the blue-green algae virus in plant tissue culture]. | | 1973 | 4205965 |
| [electron miscroscopic study of the morphogenesis of the blue-green algae virus]. | | 1973 | 4208366 |
| [liberation of molecular hydrogen by cultures of blue-green algae]. | | 1973 | 4209236 |
| [reactivity of the volatile exometabolites of some blue-green algae, bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes]. | | 1974 | 4211622 |
| photochemical activity and components of membrane preparations from blue-green algae. ii. low-temperature photooxidation of cytochrome b559. | | 1974 | 4214171 |
| the isolation of gas vesicles from blue-green algae. | | 1974 | 4214028 |
| the program of protein synthesis during heterocyst differentiation in nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae. | | 1974 | 4214619 |
| [oxygen consumption by blue-green algae]. | | 1974 | 4214568 |
| observations of toxic blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) in some scandinavian lakes. | | 1986 | 3105274 |
| estimation of the genome size of blue-green algae from dna renaturation rates. | | 1974 | 4215395 |