Publications

dna homology studies on nocardia and rhodococcus strains.	the genetic homogeneity of nocardia amarae, nocardia autotrophica and rhodococcus strains and the relationship among these groups of microorganisms have been studied using the dna reassociation method. strains belonging to n. amarae and n. autotrophica form genetically homogeneous groups. distinct differences have been found out among rhodococcus strains.	1978	749779
a comparison of electron transport and photophosphorylation systems of rhodopseudomonas capsulata and rhodospirillum rubrum. effects of antimycin a and dibromothymoquinone.	the photophosphorylation systems of rhodopseudomonas capsulata and rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores have been compared in respect to the effects of artificial electron carriers [n-methylphenazonium methosulfate (pms) and diaminodurene], reducing agents (ascorbate in particular), and various quinones in the absence and presence of the electron transport inhibitors antimycin a and dibromothymoquinone (dbmib). in addition, the effects of both inhibitors on photosynthetic electron transport thro ...	1978	414685
[relation of cyclic and noncyclic electron transport in rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores. i. experimental study of the kinetic characteristics of dark reduction of p870 with different donor concentrations in the medium].	the kinetics of the dark recovery of photo-oxidized bacteriochlorophyll p870 was studied as a function of the intensity and duration of actinic light illumination at different concentrations of a donor in the medium. from the comparison of the experimental data with the results of mathematical modelling of the processes under investigation [1] it is concluded that electron transport is triggered for another pathway, whenever the concentration of the donor in the medium attains a certain critical ...	1978	414786
homoserine dehydrogenase of rhodospirillum rubrum. physical and chemical characterization.	a detailed physicochemical characterization of purified homoserine dehydrogenase of rhodospirillum rubrum is presented. the enzyme has a molecular weight of 110000 and consists of two subunits of identical molecular weight of 55000. depending on the ionic strength and protein concentration it is possible for the native enzyme to dimerize to produce an enzymatically active species of molecular weight 220000. titrations of the native and detergent-treated enzyme with a variety of sulfhydryl reagen ...	1978	414912
continuous monitoring of the electrical potential across energy-transducing membranes using ion-selective electrodes. application to submitochondrial particles and chromatophores.		1978	414935
measurement by a flow dialysis technique of the steady-state proton-motive force in chromatophores from rhodospirillum rubrum. comparison with phosphorylation potential.	1. in the light a transmembrane electrical potential of 100 mv has been estimated to occur in chromatophores from rhodospirillum rubrum. the potential was determined by measuring the steady-state distribution of the permeant scn- across the chromatophore membrane using a flow dialysis technique. the potential was not observed in the dark, nor in the presence of antimycin. it was dissipated on the addition of carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone. the potential was reduced by between ...	1978	416847
biochemical identification of a tryptophan auxotroph in rhodospirillum rubrum.	a tryptophan auxotroph of aerobically grown rodospirillum rubrum was isolated after mutagenesis and replica plating. the mutant grows on tryptophan or indole, accumulates indole glycerol phosphate, lacks the capacity to convert indole glycerol phosphate to indole glycerol phosphate to indole, and finally is defective in photosynthetic growth. the strain is, therefore, analogous to a trp a mutant which is defective in the alpha-subunit structural gene of tryptophan synthetase.	1978	417790
[intermediate states formed during discharge separation in the reaction centers of rhodospirillum rubrum in the presence of a low-redox potential].	the intermediate short-lived states arising in reaction centre preparations (rc) of purple bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum are investigated under the conditions of low redox potential. excitation by 353 and 530 nm laser pulses produced two states characterized by optical absorption changes in the range of 350--650 nm and lifetimes: 10--30 ns for the first state and 2.5 +/- 0.5 microseconds for the second one. the first state is similar to the state pf, described previously by parson et al. for r ...	1978	418326
bacteriochlorophyll-protein complexes from the light-harvesting antenna of photosynthetic bacteria.		1978	418797
modification of rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase with pyridoxal phosphate. 2. stoichiometry and kinetics of inactivation.	rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase contains two high affinity binding sites for pyridoxal phosphate and two catalytic sites per dimer. however, pyridoxal phosphate binding at only one site is sufficient for inactivation of both catalytic sites. in the presence of 20 mm bicarbonate, 10 mm magnesium, and pyridoxal phosphate, the rates of inactivation and schiff base formation are pseudo-first-order and show saturation kinetics. these observations provide additional evidence th ...	1978	418800
the photoproduction of h2 and nh4 fixed from n2 by a derepressed mutant of rhodospirillum rubrum.	a mutant of rhodospirillum rubrum has been isolated, after mutagenesis with nitrosoguanidine, which is characterized by its inability to grow in the light on malate-minimal media with exogenous ammonia or alanine, poor growth on glutamine and vigorous growth on glutamate. this mutant produces low levels of a key nh+4 assimilation enzyme, glutamate synthase (nadph-dependent). it also exhibits significant derepression of nitrogenase biosynthesis in the presence of ammonia or alanine, being 15% der ...	1978	418808
proteins exposed at the surface of chromatophores of rhodospirillum rubrum: the orientation of isolated chromatophores.	the exposure of proteins at the surface of isolated chromatophores (i.e., the cytoplasmic face of intracytoplasmic membranes) of rhodospirillum rubrum was studied by proteolysis as well as by enzymatic iodination with 125i. analyses were performed after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of chromatophore proteins solubilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate. reversible light induced proton uptake by partially digested chromatophores was used as a criterion for the integrity of the permeability barrie ...	1978	418810
structure and function of photoreaction-centre chlorophyll.	evidence from electron paramagnetic resonance (e.p.r.) studies suggests that the unpaired spin in oxidized p700+. or p865+. is shared by two special chlorophyll a (chl a) or bacteriochlorophyll a (bchl a) molecules respectively. three classes of models have been proposed for special pair reaction centre chlorophyll: asymmetric, in which one chl a (or bchl a) acts as electron donor to a second acting as acceptor; models with translational symmetry only; and models with c2 symmetry. models with c2 ...	1978	222557
[effect of growth conditions on the activity of the enzymes of cyclic 3':5'-amp synthesis and decay in phototrophic bacteria].	activity, ratio and summary content of cyclic amp enzymes, adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase varied depending on growth conditions of phototrophic bacteria (rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas palustris). it suggests, that membrane-bound and soluble enzymes carry different functions. the increase of adenylate cyclase under chaning growth conditions was usually accompanied by the increase of phosphodiesterase. sharp increase of both enzymes activity was observed when bacteria were gr ...	1978	207363
adenylate kinase from rhodospirillum rubrum.	a partial purification and some properties of adenylate kinase from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum are described.	1978	207554
reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by pyruvate:lipoate oxidoreductase in anaerobic, dark-grown rhodospirillum rubrum mutant c.	cell extracts from fermentatively grown rhodospirillum rubrum reduced about 80 nmol of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) per mg of protein per min under anaerobic conditions with sodium pyruvate. the reaction was specific for pyruvate and nad; nad phosphate was not reduced. results indicated that pyruvate-linked nad reduction occurred via pyruvate:lipoate oxidoreductase. the reaction required catalytic amounts of both coenzyme a and thiamine pyrophosphate. addition of sodium arsenite inhib ...	1978	207677
phenazine methosulfate mediated photoinactivation of some energy linked reactions in rhodospirillum rubrum.		1978	208532
electron spin resonance in zero magnetic field of the reaction center triplet of photosynthetic bacteria.	the decay rates kx, ky, kz of the individual spin levels of the light-induced triplet state have been accurately measured by the zero-field resonance technique under conditions of very low light intensity and a microwave sweep rate of 2.5 mhz/microseconds, which is in excess of that commonly used in optical detection magnetic resonance experiments. the rates ku found correspond well with those previously determined under somewhat different conditions (hoff, a.j. (1976) biochim. biophys. acta 440 ...	1978	208604
mössbauer study of cytochrome c2 from rhodospirillum rubrum. sign of the product gxgygz of some low spin ferric heme proteins.	we have studied cytochrome c2 from rhodospirllum rubrum with mössbauer spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance. the mössbauer data on the ferric protein, taken in external magnetic fields up to 50 kg, were analyzed within the framework of the ligand field model commonly used to evaluate low-spin ferric heme compounds. the data analysis shows that the determinant of the electronic g-tensor, i.e. the product gxgygz, is positive for cytochrome c2. we have reanalyzed published mössbauer dat ...	1978	208633
relationships in hydrogen metabolism between hydrogenase and nitrogenase in phototrophic bacteria.	purple bacteria rhodospirillum rubrum and thiocapsa roseopersicina form two enzymes, hydrogenase and nitrogenase, which participate in hydrogen metabolism. h2 photoproduction in these bacteria is associated mainly or completely with the action of nitrogenase. the soluble and membrane-bound hydrogenases of t. roseopersicina have similar physicochemical properties (mol. weight, subunit composition, n-terminal amino acids, fe2+ and s2- content, pl. eo'). in comparison with other hydrogenases the en ...	1978	208659
on the significance of electron transport systems for growth of rhodospirillum rubrum.		1978	211972
flash-induced photophosphorylation in rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores. i. the relationship between cytochrome c-420 content and photophosphorylation.	the content of cytochrome c-420 in rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores prepared by grinding with alumina is 5--10% of that in whole cells, and 20--40% in chromatophores by 'french' pressing. flash-induced phosphorylation of various chromatophores which varied in cytochrome content from 7 to 40% is proportional to the cytochrome content. extrapolating the cytochrome c-420 content to that observed in whole cells, a ratio atp/p+x- near 1 is calculated. at low flash intensity the phosphorylation pe ...	1978	213110
distribution of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (atp)-dependent hexose kinases in microorganisms.	a systematic study of adenosine triphosphate (atp)-dependent hexose kinases among microorganisms has been undertaken. sixteen hexose kinases of five major types were partially purified from 12 microorganisms and characterized with respect to specificity for sugar and nucleotide substrates and michaelis constants for the sugar substrates. glucokinase activities that phosphorylate glucose and glucosamine are inhibited by n-acetyl-glucosamine and xylose, were found to be present in the non-sulphur ...	1978	214181
isolation and characterization of a membrane-bound, low-potential c-type cytochrome from purple photosynthetic bacteria, with special reference to rhodospirillum rubrum.	other investigators have isolated soluble, low-potential, c-type cytochromes (cytochrome c3) from a few photosynthetic procaryotes, i.e., a cyanobacterium and two species of purple nonsulfur bacteria. however, such cytochromes appeared to be absent from other purple bacteria, including rhodospirillum rubrum and chromatium vinosum. we now report evidence for the presence of low-potential c-type cytochromes in these two species, in which they were found to be bound to the photosynthetic membranes. ...	1978	214418
inhibition of energy conservation reactions in chromatophores of rhodospirillum rubrum by antibiotics.		1978	147053
the interactions of coupling atpases with nucleotides.		1978	147104
facile assay of enzymes unique to the calvin cycle in intact cells, with special reference to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase.		1978	204219
electron spin polarization in photosynthesis and the mechanism of electron transfer in photosystem i. experimental observations.	transient electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) methods are used to examine the spin populations of the light-induced radicals produced in spinach chloroplasts, photosystem i particles, and chlorella pyrenoidosa. we observe both emission and enhanced absorption within the hyperfine structure of the epr spectrum of p700+, the photooxidized reaction-center chlorophyll radical (signal i). by using flow gradients or magnetic fields to orient the chloroplasts in the zeeman field, we are able to influ ...	1978	204369
purification and properties of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum, and evidence for phosphate, ribose and an adenine-like unit covalently bound to the iron protein.	1. the molybdenum-iron (mo-fe) protein, iron (fe) protein and the activating factor of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum were purified. 2. the mo-fe protein has properties similar to those of the mo-fe proteins of other nitrogen-fixing organisms. 3. the fe protein is similar to other fe proteins with respect to its molecular weight, metal composition and e.p.r. signal. 4. the fe protein is different from other fe proteins in that it apparently has two types of subunits rather than one, its ...	1978	104713
complete stabilization of water-soluble hydrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum under air atmosphere with a high concentration of chloride ions.	hydrogenase was easily solubilized from light-grown cells of r. rubrum with 10 mm na ethylenediaminetetraacetate. the enzyme thus obtained was so stable that loss of its activity was undetectable during storage at room temperature for 6 months under air atmosphere, provided that nacl, kcl or cscl was present at greater than or equal to 0.7 m.	1978	104983
ribulose bisphosphate carboxylases from chromatium vinosum and rhodospirillum rubrum and their role in photosynthetic carbon assimilation.		1978	106836
the preparation and characterization of different types of light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes from some purple bacteria.	a general strategy, with some specific examples, is given for the isolation and purification of detergent-soluble, antenna pigment-protein complexes from the photosynthetic membranes. absorption, fluorescence and circular dichroism spectra, and the pigment and protein composition of b800-b850-protein and b890-protein complexes of some purple bacteria (rhodospirillum rubrum, rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and rps. capsulata and chromatium vinosum) are discussed. we conclude that there are probably ...	1978	110568
viability and endogenous substrates used during starvation survival of rhodospirillum rubrum.	cells of rhodospirillum rubrum were grown photoorganotrophically and chemoorganotrophically and then starved for organic carbon and combined nitrogen under four conditions: anaerobically in the light and dark and aerobically in the light and dark. illumination prolonged viability and suppressed the net degradation of cell material of phototrophically grown cells, but had no effect on chemotrophically grown cells that did not contain bacteriochlorophyll. the half-life survival times of carbohydra ...	1978	96087
studies on regulatory functions of malic enzymes. v. comparative studies of malic enzymes in bacteria.	screening of four malic enzymes--nad-linked enzyme [ec 1.1.1.38], nad, nadp-linked enzyme [ec 1.1.1.39], nadp-linked enzyme [ec 1.1.1.40], and d-malic enzyme--was carried out with cell-free extracts of the following 16 strains of bacteria by the aid of sepharose 6b column chromatography: 9 strains of enteric bacteria, 3 strains of pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, agrobacterium tumefaciens, rhodospirillum rubrum, and clostridium tetanomorphum. all the strains tested contained at least one malic ...	1978	96110
bacteriochlorophyll fluorescence of purple bacteria at low redox potentials. the relationship between reaction center triplet yield and the emission yield.	this work describes fluorescence yield measurements in suspensions of strains of rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides in which the iron . quinone complex (x) was chemically reduced (state [pix-]; p is the reaction center bacteriochlorophyll dimer, i is the long wavelength bacteriopheophytin), and compares these with the fluorescence observed when all the traps are open (state [pix]) and with the fluorescence observed when all the traps are closed (state [p+ix]). at 77 k the amp ...	1978	96854
flash-induced changes in the in vivo bacteriochlorophyll fluorescence yield at low temperatures and low redox potentials in carotenoid-containing strains of photosynthetic bacteria.	the changes in the in vivo bacteriochlorophyll fluorescence induced by a xenon flash at low temperatures (77--200 k) with the "primary" acceptor x chemically prereduced have been examined in whole cells of several species of photosynthetic bacteria which contain carotenoids absorbing in the visible part of the absorption spectrum. two groups of species with different behaviour could be distinguished. in both cases a flash-induced rise of the fluorescence yield was observed with x prereduced at 7 ...	1978	96856
nitrogen fixation and hydrogen metabolism in photosynthetic bacteria.	the photosynthetic bacteria are found in a wide range of specialized aquatic environments. these bacteria represent important members of the microbial community since they are capable of carrying out two of the most important processes on earth, namely, photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation, at the expense of solar energy. since the discovery that these bacteria could fix atmospheric nitrogen, there has been an intensification of studies relating to both the biochemistry and physiology of this pr ...	1978	96875
picosecond detection of bchl-800 as an intermediate electron carrier between selectively-excited p870 and bacteriopheophytin in rhodospirillum rubrum relaction centers.		1978	97097
isolation of a membrane protein from r rubrum chromatophores and its abnormal behavior in sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis due to a high binding capacity for sds.	a membrane protein insoluble in water was isolated by gel chromatography in the presence of 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) from chromatophores of a photosynthetic bacterium, rhodospirillum rubrum. this is one of the major membrane proteins of the chromatophore. the protein was found to bind about four grams of sds per gram, a value which is more than twice the amount generally observed with protein polypeptides derived from water-soluble globular proteins. the electrophoretic behavior of the ...	1978	97280
dichroism of bacteriochlorophyll in chromatophores of photosynthetic bacteria.	the dichroism was measured in films of air-dried and, consequently, flattened chromatophores of chromatium vinosum, rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and rhodospirillum rubrum. the values (deltaa/a) of dichroism in c. vinosum were found to be -1.05 at 590 nm and 0.75 in the near infrared region. the values of dichroism in r. sphaeroides were -0.70 at 590 nm and 0.80 at 870 nm. the values of dichroism in r. rubrum were -1.45 at 590 nm and 0.97 at 870 nm.	1978	97281
nitrogen electron nuclear double resonance and proton triple resonance experiments on the bacteriochlorophyll cation in solution.	electron nuclear double resonance signals of the pyrrole nitrogens of bacteriochlorophyll alpha cation in a solution of ch2cl2/ch3oh (6:1) have been observed. the nitrogens are inequivalent: the hyperfine coupling constants were determined to be 2.36 and 3.18 mhz (0.84 and 1.14 g, respectively). triple electron nuclear double resonance experiments have yielded the signs and values of nine proton hyperfine coupling constants. the assignment based on these data agrees well with previous work (borg ...	1978	97667
on the state of carotenoids bound to reaction centers of photosynthetic bacteria: a resonance raman study.	the carotenoids bound to reaction centers of wild, ga and gic strains of rhodopseudomonas spheroides, of rhodospirrillum rubrum, strain s1 and of rhodopseudomonas viridis, yield very similar, but unusual resonance raman spectra. through a comparison with resonance raman spectra of 15,15'-cis-beta-carotene, these carotenoids are shown to assume cis conformations, while the corresponding chromatophores contain all-trans forms only. these cis conformations likely are identical for all the carotenoi ...	1978	99169
the mechanism of reduction of the ubiquinone pool in photosynthetic bacteria at different redox potentials.	(1) a flash number dependency of flash-induced absorbance changes was observed with whole cells of rhodospirillum rubrum and chromatophores of r. rubrum and rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides wild type and the g1c mutant. the oscillatory behavior was dependent on the redox potential; it was observed under oxidizing conditions only. absorbance difference spectra measured after each flash in the 275--500 nm wavelength region showed that a molecule of ubiquinone, r, is reduced to the semiquinone (r-) aft ...	1978	99172
a kinetic study of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum.	the activation kinetics of purified rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase were analysed. the equilibrium constant for activation by co(2) was 600 micron and that for activation by mg2+ was 90 micron, and the second-order activation constant for the reaction of co(2) with inactive enzyme (k+1) was 0.25 x 10(-3)min-1 . micron-1. the latter value was considerably lower than the k+1 for higher-plant enzyme (7 x 10(-3)-10 x 10(-3)min-1 . micron-1). 6-phosphogluconate had little effe ...	1978	100101
[picosecond energy transfer between the spectral forms of pigments from the reaction center of rhodospirillum rubrum].	absorption changes of reaction centers from rhodospirillum rubrum at 748, 796 and 870 nm induced by 532 and 870 nm picosecond light pulses were investigated with a picosecond spectrometer. kinetics of absorption changes at 748 and 796 had an additional bleaching when induced by the 532 nm pulse, in comparison with those at 870 nm. the additional bleaching was interpreted as a result of the excitation energy transfer via spectral forms of pigments of reaction centers. the experimental results fit ...	1978	100143
retention of the oxygens at c-2 and c-3 of d-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate in the reaction catalyzed by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase.	ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase catalyzes the conversion of d ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate and co2 to 3-phospho-d-glycerate, with retention of the oxygen atoms at both c-2 and c-3 of the substrate. this observation is consistent with mechanistic pathways involving an enediol intermediate and eliminates suggested mechanisms that involve covalent intermediates between the enzyme and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate in which the substrate oxygen at c-2 or c-3 is compulsorily lost.	1978	101236
preparation of nitrogenase.		1978	101737
involvement of an essential arginyl residue in the coupling activity of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores.		1978	102254
resolution and reconstitution of rhodospirillum rubrum pyridine dinucleotide transhydrogenase: localization of substrate binding sites.		1978	102261
energy-liked reactions in photosynthetic bacteria. x. solubilization of the membrane-bound energy-linked inorganic pyrophosphatase of rhodospirillum rubrum.		1978	102323
properties of the nitrogenase system from a photosynthetic bacterium, rhodospirillum rubrum.	soluble nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum has been isolated and separated into its two components, the mofe protein and the fe protein. the mofe protein has been purified to near homogeneity and has a molecular weight or 215 000. it contains two mo, 25--30 fe and 19--22 acid-labile sulphide and consists of four subunits, mw 56 000. the fe protein has a molecular weight 65 000. it contains approximately four fe and four acid-labile sulphide and consists of two subunits, mw 31 500. the highes ...	1978	102339
pyruvate fermentation in light-grown cells of rhodospirillum rubrum during adaptation to anaerobic dark conditions.	pyruvate fermentation in rhodospirillum rubrum (strains f1, s1, and ha) was investigated using cells precultured on different substrates anaerobically in the light and than transferred to anaerobic dark conditions. pyruvate formate lyase was always the key enzyme in pyruvate fermentation but its activity was lower than in cells which have been precultured aerobically in darkness. the preculture substrate also had a clear influence on the pyruvate formate lyase activity. strains f1 and s1 metabol ...	1978	103509
the proton pump is a molecular engine of motile bacteria.		1978	24186
modification of rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase with pyridoxal phosphate. 1. identification of a lysyl residue at the active site.	ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase isolated from rhodospirillum rubrum was strongly inhibited by low concentrations of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. activity was protected by the substrate ribulose bisphosphate and to a lesser extent by other phosphorylated compounds. pyridoxal phosphate inhibition was enhanced in the presence of magnesium and bicarbonate, but not in the presence of either compound alone. concomitant with inhibition of enzyme activity, pyridoxal phosphate forms a schiff base with t ...	1978	26381
subcellular distribution and several properties of the camp enzyme system of phototrophic bacteria.	in the cells of the phototrophic bacteria rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas palustris the two enzymes of the camp system enzymes - adenylate cyclase and camp phosphodiesterase (pde) exist in a soluble and membrane-bound forms. after mild disruption of the cells (sonication up to 3 min) the activity of both enzymes is found in the chromatophores. in the cells of the two types of bacteria grown under anaerobic conditions soluble adenylate cyclase is predominant. in the cells of r. rubrum ...	1978	26430
affinity chromatography of h+-translocating adenosine triphosphatase isolated by chloroform extraction of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores. modification of binding affinity by divalent cations and activating anions.	1. atpase isolated from rhodospirillum rubrum by chloroform extraction and purified by gel filtration or affinity chromatography shows three bands (alpha, beta and gamma) upon electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate. 2. ca2+-atpase activity of the preparation is inhibited by aurovertin and efrapeptin but not by oligomycin. activity may be inhibited by treatment with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan and subsequently restored by dithiothreitol. 3. the enzyme fails to reconstitute photophosphorylati ...	1978	27212
pms photo-inhibition in rhodospirillum rubrum membranes in the presence of permeant entities affecting either the deltapsi or the deltaph components of the protonmotive force.		1978	29789
reversible conversion from ca(2)+-atpase activity to mg(2)+- and mn(2)+-atpase activities of coupling factor purified from acetone powder of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores.	it is known that the coupling factor purified from the acetone powder of chromatophores from rhodospirillum rubrum shows atpase activity in the presence of ca(2)+, but not in the presence of mg(2)+ or mn(2)+. the present study deals with conditions, under which the ca(2)+-atpase activity is reversibly converted into mg(2)+- and mn(2)+-atpase activites with the purified coupling factor. 1. of the ph indicators tested, 6 kinds coverted the ca(2)+-atpase activity into mg(2)+- and mn(2)+-atpase acti ...	1978	30771
dna-dependent rna and polyadenylic acid polymerase from phototrophically grown rhodospirillum rubrum.	dna-dependent rna and polyadenylic acid polymerases have been purified from phototrophic rhodospirillum rubrum. their properties have been found to be very similar to those of the previously reported heterotrophic r. rubrum enzymes. however, several important differences do exist between the enzymes from the phototrophic and the heterotrophic cells, such as the lack of response to added polyadenylic acid for poly a synthesis and the presence of the sigma subunit in the phototrophic enzymes. fur ...	1978	31974
photosynthetic and respiratory electron flow in the dual functional membrane of facultative photosynthetic bacteria.		1978	233518
isolation, characterization, and crystallization of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase from autotrophically grown rhodospirillum rubrum.	serial culture of rhodospirillum rubrum with 2% co2 in h2 as the exclusive carbon source resulted in a rather large fraction of the soluble protein (greater than 40%) being comprised of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase (about sixfold higher than the highest value previously reported). isolation of the enzyme from these cells revealed that it has physical and kinetic properties similar to those previously described for the enzyme derived from cells grown on butyrate. notably, the small subunit (w ...	1979	33152
role of the large and small subunits of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in the activation by co2 and mg2+.		1979	37245
the influence of energy-transfer inhibitors on proton permeability and photophosphorylation in normal and preilluminated rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores.	(1) chromatophores were preilluminated in the presence of phenazine methosulphate or diaminodurene, and without phosphorylation substrates; next they were transferred to fresh medium and assayed for light-induced proton uptake, light-induced 9-aminoacridin fluorescence quenching, and photophosphorylation. (2) preillumination in the presence of phenazine methosulphate or diaminodurene causes an inhibition of the photophosphorylation rate. the presence of adp + mgcl2 + phosphate, or adp + mgcl2 + ...	1979	37903
[activation and inhibition of photoinduced proton absorption in rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores by detergents and solvents].	the effects of detergents (triton x-100) and solvents (diethyl ether, metanol) on the reversible light-induced proton uptake, photophosphorylation and band shift of the carotenoid in chromatophores from r. rubrum are described. all these compounds were found to stimulate the extent of light-induced proton uptake with subsequent inhibition when the concentrations were increased. stimulation of proton uptake is accompanied by inhibition of both phosphorylation and carotenoid absorbance shift.	1979	37926
the kinetics of photooxidation of c-type cytochromes by rhodospirillum rubrum reaction centers.		1979	41489
blue and red shifts of bacteriochlorophyll absorption band around 880 nm in rhodospirillum rubrum.	the redox potential dependence of the light-induced absorption changes of bacteriochlorophyll in chromatophores and subchromatophore pigment-protein complexes from rhodospirillum rubrum has been examined. the highest values of the absorption changes due to the bleaching of p-870 and the blue shift of p-800 in chromatophores and subchromatophore complexes are observed in the 360-410mv redox potential range. at potentials below 300 mv (ph 7.0), the 880 nm band of bacteriochlorophyll shifts to shor ...	1979	41575
[shifts of the bacteriochlorophyll absorption band at 880 nm in chromatophores and subchromatophore pigment-protein complexes from rhodospirillum rubrum].	the redox potential dependency of the light-induced absorption changes of bacteriochlorophyll in the chromatophores and subchromatophore particles from rhodospirillum rubrum has been studied. the highest values of the absorption changes due to the bleaching of p870 and the blue shift of p800 are observed within the redox potential range of 360--410. at the potential values below 300 mv the 880 nm band of bacteriochlorophyll shifts to shorter wavelengths in the subchromatophore particles and to l ...	1979	41599
manganese, an essential trace element for n2 fixation by rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas capsulata: role in nitrogenase regulation.	nitrogenase (n(2)ase) from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum can exist in two forms, an unregulated form (n(2)ase a) and a regulatory form (n(2)ase r), the latter being identified in vitro by its need for activation by a mn(2+)-dependent n(2)ase activating system. the physiological significance of this mn(2+)-dependent n(2)ase activating system was suggested here by observations that growth of r. rubrum and rhodopseudomonas capsulata on n(2) gas (a condition that produces active ...	1979	42641
oxonol dyes as monitors of membrane potential. their behavior in photosynthetic bacteria.	the reponses of oxonol dyes to single and multiple single turnovers of the photosynthetic apparatus of photosynthetic bacteria have been studied, and compared with the responses of the endogenous carotenoid pigments. the absorbance changes of the oxonols can be conveniently measured at 587 nm, because this is an isosbestic point in the 'light-minus-dark' difference spectrum of the chromatophores. the oxonols appear to respond to the light-induced 'energization' by shifting their absorption maxim ...	1979	103582
membrane potential and reconstitution.		1979	110998
[conformational regulation of functional activity of photosynthetic membranes of purple bacteria].	in reaction centres of photosynthetic membranes of r, rubrum the efficiency of redox interactions of the photoreduced primary electron acceptor with secondary acceptors and photooxidized bacteriochlorophyll has a marked and reversible dependence on temperature over the range from -20 degrees to -80 degrees. similar temperature dependences were observed for correlation times of the rotational diffusion of a spin probe bound to the hydrophobic region of the membrane and of a spin label bound to sh ...	1979	111034
purification and properties of nitrogenase from the cyanobacterium, anabaena cylindrica.	the nitrogenase complex was isolated from nitrogen-starved cultures of anabaema cylindrica. sodium dithionite, photochemically reduced ferredoxin, and nadph were found to be effective election donors to nitro genase in crude extracts whereas hydrogen and pyruvate were not. the km for acetylene in vivo is ten-fold higher than the km in vitro, whereas this pattern does not hold for the non-heterocystous cyanobacterium, plectonema boryanum. this indicates that at least one mechanism of oxygen prote ...	1979	111934
[effect of nitrogen-containing compounds on hydrogen light emission and nitrogen fixation by purple bacteria].	the cells of rhodospirillum rubrum and thiocapsa roseopersicina grown in media containing glutamate and arginine, respectively, as well as under conditions of nitrogen fixation evolve h2 in the light. if the cultures were grown in media with nh4+, no3-, urea, glutamine or asparagine, hydrogen photoevolution by the cells and acetylene reduction started after the lag-phase and proceeded at a low rate. extracts of such cells did not display the activity of nitrogenase which could be assayed by the ...	1979	112358
[use of urea by purple bacteria].	strains of purple sulfur bacteria (chromatium minutissimum, ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii, thiocapsa roseopersicina, lamprobacter modestohalophilus) and nonsulfur bacteria (rhodopseudomonas palustris, rh. spheroides, rhodospirillum rubrum) grow in media containing urea as a source of nitrogen at concentrations from 0.5 to 5.0%. they can also utilize the carbon of urea and thus grow in the absence of bicarbonate. urea is decomposed by all the studied purple bacteria with the participation of ...	1979	112359
[application of polarography to studies on redox systems in bio-membranes: especially on photosynthetic electron transport system in chromatophore membrane from photosynthetic bacterium (author's transl)].		1979	112648
[functional organization of the electron transport chain of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores in the absence of an exogenous electron donor].		1979	113038
photoreaction center of photosynthetic bacteria. 1. further chemical characterization of the photoreaction center from rhodospirillum rubrum.	the photoreaction center from rhodospirillum rubrum contains about 90% protein, 6% pigment, mere traces of lipids, and no cytochromes. it also contains at least 1 mol of ubiquinone and 1 iron atom per mol. its three-component polypeptide chains were isolated by preparative electrophoresis, and their molar stoichiometry was established as 1:1:1. the amino acid composition of the photoreaction center from strain s1 and from its subunits is reported. the protein as a whole contains about 65% nonpol ...	1979	114212
photoreaction center of photosynthetic bacteria. 2. size and quaternary structure of the photoreaction centers from rhodospirillum rubrum strain g9 and from rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides strain 2.4.1.	the photoreaction center from rhodospirillum rubrum strain g9 binds about 6 times as much sodium dodecyl sulfate as certain proteins commonly used as molecular weight markers for sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. this presumably explains the apparent discrepancy between the molecular weight of the photoreaction center determined by electrophoresis (76 000) and its minimal molecular weight (87 000). the molecular weight of the photoreaction center solubilized with triton ...	1979	114213
nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum. relation between 'switch-off' effect and the membrane component. hydrogen production and acetylene reduction with different nitrogenase component ratios.	nitrogenase activity of 'membrane-free' extracts, produced from nitrogen-starved rhodospirillum rubrum to which 4 mm nh4+ had been added is only about 10% of the activity in the control. the activity could be restored to 80% by including the membrane component, earlier found to activate r. rubrum nitrogenase, in the reaction mixture. the relation between this 'switch-off/switch-on' effect and the function of the membrane component is discussed. hydrogen production catalyzed by r. rubrum nitrogen ...	1979	114217
a quantitative assay for bacterial rna polymerases.		1979	114520
activation and regulation of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase in the absence of small subunits.	ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from rhodospirillum rubrum requires co2 and mg2+ for activation of both co2, both the carboxylase and oxygenase activities are stimulated by 6-phoshpo-d-gluconate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, 2-phosphoglycolate, 3-phosphoglycerate, nadph, and fructose 6-phosphate. the carboxylase activity is not activated by ribose 5-phosphate. the substrate, ribulose bisphosphate, neither activates nor inhibits the co2 and mg2+ activation of this enzyme. activation by co2 an ...	1979	114521
lipopolysaccharides of photosynthetic prokaryotes.		1979	115382
changes in the acyl lipid composition of photosynthetic bacteria grown under photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic conditions.	the acyl lipids and their constituent fatty acids were studied in the photosynthetic bacteria rhodospirillum rubrum, rhodopseudomonas capsulata and rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, which were grown under photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic conditions. the major lipids were found to be phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in each bacterium. the two rhodopseudomonas species also contained significant quantities of phosphatidylcholine. other acyl lipids accounted for less t ...	1979	115463
differential effects of metal ions on rhodospirillum rubrum ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and stoichiometric incorporation of hco3- into a cobalt(iii)--enzyme complex.	mg2+ or mn2+ ions supported both the carboxylase and oxygenase activities of the rhodospirillum rubrum ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. for the carboxylase reaction, mn2+ supported 25% of the maximum activity obtained with mg2+; oxygenase activity, however, was twice as great with mn2+ as compared to that with mg2+. a further differential effect was obtained with co2+. co2+ did not support carboxylase activity and, in fact, was a strong inhibitor of mg2+-dependent carboxylase activity ...	1979	115489
extracellular hydrogenase from photosynthetic bacterium, rhodospirillum rubrum.	with rhodospirillum rubrum, hydrogenase was found to exist partly as an extracellular enzyme in the culture medium. after 4-day cultivation, the total activity and the specific activity of the enzyme in the medium were about 10 times and 230 times as high as those in the crude extract obtained from disrupted cells. the time course for the production of hydrogenase during cultivation was studied.	1979	115852
two regimens of electrogenic cyclic redox chain operation in chromatophores of non-sulfur purple bacteria. a study using antimycin a.	antimycin a causes a biphasic suppression of the light-induced membrane potential generation in rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides chromatophores incubated anerobically. the first phase is observed at low antibiotic concentrations and is apparently due to its action as a cyclic electron transfer inhibitor. the second phase is manifested at concentrations which are greater than 1--2 mum and is due to uncoupling that may be connected with an antibiotic-induced dissipation of th ...	1979	116681
short-lived delayed luminescence of photosynthetic organisms. i. nanosecond afterglows in purple bacteria at low redox potentials.	a combined study of emissions of purple bacteria rhodospirillum rubrum, ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii and thiocapsa roseopersicina was performed under conditions of low potential. it has been shown that a considerable part of the emission represents a delayed luminescence with a lifetime of about 5 ns and an activation energy delta e = 0.05 +/- 0.03 ev. intensity of this delayed luminescence is approximately equal to that of prompt fluorescence. it diminishes as temperature decreases and als ...	1979	116682
disintegration of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophore membrane into photoreaction units, reaction centers, and ubiquinone-10 protein with mixture of cholate and deoxycholate.	1. the membrane of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores was disintegrated with mild detergents (cholate and deoxycholate) in order to study the spatial arrangement of the functional proteins in the photochemical apparatus and the electron transport system in the membrane. 2. the components solubilized from the membrane by a mixture of cholate and deoxycholate (c-doc) were separated into four fractions by molecular-sieve chromatography in the presence of c-doc; they were designated as f1, f2, f3, ...	1979	118165
removal of an adenine-like molecule during activation of dinitrogenase reductase from rhodospirillum rubrum.	during the activation of the inactive dinitrogenase reductase from rhodospirillum rubrum, an adenine-like molecules is lost and phosphate is found on both active and inactive forms of the protein. atp and divalent metals are required for activation of the reduced protein, but atp is not required for activation of phenazine methosulfate-oxidized dinitrogenase reductase. snake venom diesterase and spleen diesterase have no effect on the inactive protein; alkaline phosphatase removes phosphate from ...	1979	118462
characterization of a succinate dehydrogenase complex solubilized from the cytoplasmic membrane of bacillus subtilis with the nonionic detergent triton x-100.	a succinic dehydrogenase (sdh) complex has been purified from triton x-100-solubilized membranes from bacillus subtilis by precipitation with specific antibody. radioactively labeled precipitated complex was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography of the gels. the complex contained equimolar amounts of three polypeptides with approximate molecular weights of 65,000, 28,000, and 19,000. five succinic dehydrogenase-negative mutants, belongi ...	1979	108258
photooxidase activity of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores and reaction center complexes. the role of non-cyclic electron transfer in generation of the membrane potential.		1979	109117
characterisation of reaction centers and their phospholipids from rhodospirillum rubrum.	1. reaction centers from rhodospirillum rubrum have been extracted with the zwitterionic detergent lauryl dimethyl amine oxide. subsequent purification has been achieved by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. the pure reaction centers are composed of three protein subunits (l, m, h), bacteriocholorophyll and bacteriopheophytin in the ratio 2 : 1 and phospholipids. 2. the phospholipid composition has been found to be similar to that of whole chromatophore membrane, except that diphosp ...	1979	109118
activation of ala synthetase by reduced thioredoxin in rhodopseudomonas spheroides y.		1979	109312
resolution and reconstitution of rhodospirillum rubrum pyridine dinucleotide transhydrogenase: chemical modification with n-ethylmaleimide and 2,4-pentanedione.		1979	39595
proton nuclear magnetic resonance studies of rhodospirillum rubrum cytochrome.	rhodospirillum rubrum cytochrome c2 was studied by proton nuclear magnetic resonance at 220 mhz. assignments were made to the resonances of heme c by double-resonance techniques and by temperature-dependence studies. the aromatic resonances of trp-62 and tyr-70 of ferrocytochrome c2 were identified by spin-decoupling experiments. the resonances of the met-91 methyl group of the ferri- and ferrocytochromes were assigned by saturation-transfer experiments. the assignments are compared to those mad ...	1979	34433
immunological and reconstitution studies on the adenosine triphosphatase complex from rhodospirillum rubrum.	studies on restoration of membrane-bound adenosinetriphosphatase (atp phosphohydrolase, ec 3.6.1.3) from rhodospirillum rubrum show that the delta-subunit is capable of binding to the f1 factor or to the f0 moiety of the f0-f1 atpase complex. this subunit is thus likely involved in linking the f0 and f1 factor. during solubilization of the oligomycin-sensitive f0-f1 atpase complex with triton x-100 the detergent becomes specifically associated with the lipophilic f0 part of the enzyme complex. c ...	1979	153155
bound nucleotides and phosphorylation in rhodospirillum rubrum.		1979	155454
purification, subunit structure, and kinetics of the chloroform-released f1atpase complex from rhodospirillum rubrum and its comparison with f1atpase forms isolated by other methods.	a stable and homogeneous adenosine-5'-triphosphatase (atpase, ec 3.6.1.3) has been solubilized from rhodospirillum rubrum (r. rubrum) chromatophores by chloroform extraction. purification of the ca2+-dependent atpase activity was 200-fold. ca2+ can be replaced by mg2+, cd2+, and mn2+. the km for ca-atp (0.17 mm) is increased about 5-fold during solubilization of the enzyme, whereas the km values for mg-atp (0.029 mm) and cd-atp (0.014 mm) are not affected. the chloroform-released atpase has a mo ...	1979	155949
preparation of the soluble atpase from mitochondria, chloroplasts, and bacteria by the chloroform technique.		1979	156841
properties of the f0f1 atpase complex from rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores, solubilized by triton x-100.	1. a cold-stable oligomycin-sensitive f0f1 atpase complex from chromatophores of rhodospirillum rubrum fr 1 was solubilized by triton x-100 and purified by gel filtration. 2. the f0f1 complex is resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis into 14 polypeptides with approximate molecular weights in the range of 58000--6800; five of these polypeptides are derived from the f1 moiety of the complex which carries the catalytic centers of the enzyme. 3. the purified f0f1 complex is homogeneous a ...	1979	157277