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chronic pediatric tracheotomy: assessment and implications for habilitation of voice, speech and language in young children.the effect of chronic tracheotomy on the acquisition of voice, speech, and language skills was studied. children with chronological ages of 16 months to 41 months were evaluated for receptive communication age (rca) and expressive communication age (eca). results indicate a consistent deviation of (on the average) 4.8 months delay in rca and 9 months delay in eca. an habilitation program for early intervention in voice, speech and language stimulation is described, with follow-up data on 3 child ...20144030238
the rumen microbiology of seaweed digestion in orkney sheep.the microbial populations of the rumens of seaweed-fed and pasture-fed orkney sheep were examined. the populations in the pasture-fed sheep were similar to those of other domestic ruminants fed on land plants, but those of the seaweed-fed animals showed major differences in the dominant species. total ciliate populations were quantitatively similar, but in the seaweed-fed animals dasytricha ruminantium was one of the most dominant species. no phycomycete fungi or cellulolytic bacteria were found ...19854030526
heterogeneity of alkaline phosphatase observed by high-performance liquid chromatography. 19854030971
x-ray tv system for measuring microcirculation in small pulmonary vessels.we developed a new system that consists of 1) a specially designed x-ray apparatus, 2) an x-ray-sensitive 1-in. vidicon camera, and 3) a digital image-processing device. the picture element is approximately 20 micron in size, and the time required for one frame is 1/30 s. using this system, we measured the internal diameter (id), the cross-sectional area, flow velocity, volume flow, and transit time of small pulmonary vessels of approximately 100-500 micron at control and with serotonin in anest ...19854055558
vitamin and mineral usage in adult family practice patients. 20134056668
[double-blind study on the effectiveness of potassium iodide in the treatment of senile cataract]. 20124093097
ultrastructural observations on the sporogony of eimeria maxima. 19854093234
the family doctor and his 'nudnik (bothersome) patients': an exploratory study. 20144093292
[ectopic muscles of the back of the hand. short extensor medius muscle]. 20134093324
[heart diseases in collagenoses]. 20144108772
analysis of bypass activation of c3 by endotoxic lps and loss of this potency. 19734122408
isolation of ureolytic peptostreptococcus productus from feces using defined medium; failure of common urease tests.colony counts of fecal samples from three persons, obtained by using a chemically defined anaerobic roll-tube medium (containing glucose, maltose, glycerol, minerals, hemin, b-vitamins, methionine, volatile fatty acids, sulfide, bicarbonate, agar, carbon dioxide (gas phase), and 1 mm nh(4) (+) as main nitrogen source), averaged 60% of the 8.8 x 10(10) bacteria per g obtained when 0.2% trypticase and 0.05% yeast extract were added to the otherwise identical medium. when 0.2% vitamin-free casitone ...19744213672
the effect of acid mucopolysaccharides on the activation energy of collagen. 19674227781
[significance of chromosome analysis in clinical practice]. 20144247954
atpase activity and palmitate oxidation of hepatic mitochondria in energy production in endotoxemia. 19714256350
[left cervicotomy for esophageal foreign body]. 19744283188
[cytochromes]. 19654287863
metabolic interlock. regulatory interactions exerted between biochemical pathways. 19694306282
the incidence of poliovirus in chimpanzees (pan troglodytes). 20154315780
preparation of immune rabbit sera with neutralizing activity against human cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus. 19704316778
isolation, culture, and fermentation characteristics of selenomonas ruminantium var. bryantivar. n. from the rumen of sheep.large forms of selenomonas sp. were isolated from the sheep rumen on a rumen fluid-glucose-agar medium by using a differential centrifugation technique to purify the inoculum. the cells from the six isolated strains were curved, gram-negative, strictly anaerobic crescents, and rapidly motile by flagella attached to the concave side of the cell. one or more of the volatile fatty acids were essential for growth. none of the strains produced indole or reduced nitrate. all strains grew on fructose, ...19714323298
[the replicative complexes of sendai virus]. 19714332921
the presence and function of cytochromes in selenomonas ruminantium, anaerovibrio lipolytica and veillonella alcalescens. 19744362619
enzymatic studies of pure cultures of rumen microorganisms.joyner, a. e., jr. (university of california, davis), and r. l. baldwin. enzymatic studies of pure cultures of rumen microorganisms. j. bacteriol. 92:1321-1330. 1966.-the activities of enzymes representing the major pathways of carbohydrate metabolism and anaerobic electron transport in cell-free extracts of whole rumen contents have been reported. the effects of diet upon the activities of several enzymes suggested that enzymatic measurements might prove useful for the study of rumen metabolism ...19664380801
value of electrical pacing and beta adrenergic blockers in the prevention of fatal ventricular arrhythmias. 19714399445
[classification of acute pneumonia in children]. 20154407235
[immunoglobulins normal levels in infancy and childhood (author's transl)]. 20154425181
[growth of hamster embryonal and renal tissue in single-layer cultures]. 20154432691
pharmaceutical and cosmetic aerosols. 20154449012
high-voltage radiography. theory and clinical application. 20154451142
[inhibitory effect of caffeine on the absorption of ethanol in the rat]. 19744463934
[dental caries and their complications]. 20154481668
[ergonomics in stomatologic practice based on modern organization science]. 20154520551
an historical survey of anthropometric instruments and techniques utilized in determinations of cranial dimensions and anatomic relationships in dentistry with special consideration of roentgenographic cephalometry. 20154524031
[the solitary exulceratio simplex (dieulafoy) causing a severe acute gastric bleeding]. 20154542250
simplified method of polymerization of acrylic materials in dental prosthetics. 20154554850
application of automation and systems analysis to detection of histidinemia. 20154561695
ftc-insulin conjugates. i. preparation of fluorescein thiocarbamyl-insulin conjugates. 19734579445
the construction of lambda transducing phages containing deletions defining regulatory elements of the lac and trp operons in e. coli. 19744601264
the scientific background of the international sanitary conferences, 1851-1938. 5. the ninth conference: paris, 1894. 20154607249
[the flavonic glycosides of galium verum l. (rubiaceae)]. 20154624802
darwinian fitness and adaptedness in experimental populations of drosophilia willistoni. 20154657883
dynamic stiffness of papillary muscle during contraction and relaxation. 19734691288
dynamic stiffness of papillary muscle during contraction and relaxation. 19734691288
[synthesis of 5-beta-d-ribofuranosylcytosine (pseudo-cytidine) and its alpha isomer]. 20164751266
boar acrosin. ii. classification, inhibition, and specificity studies of a proteinase from sperm acrosomes. 19734752950
the effects of flexion and rotation on the length patterns of the ligaments of the knee. 20164757478
[cleft lip and cleft palate. psychologial aspects. 8]. 20164771158
ultrastructural studies on selenomonas ruminantium from the sheep rumen. 19734773919
[detection of quingamine metabolites in biological material]. 20154774704
a simplified digital method for predicting anesthetic uptake and distribution. 19734777734
freedom or control? 20164793742
propionate formation from cellulose and soluble sugars by combined cultures of bacteroides succinogenes and selenomonas ruminantium.succinate is formed as an intermediate but not as a normal end product of the bovine rumen fermentation. however, numerous rumen bacteria are present, e.g., bacteroides succinogenes, which produce succinate as a major product of carbohydrate fermentation. selenomonas ruminantium, another rumen species, produces propionate via the succinate or randomizing pathway. these two organisms were co-cultured to determine if s. ruminantium could decarboxylate succinate produced by b. succinogenes. when en ...19734796955
non-thrombocytopenic purpura associated with cat-scratch disease. 19744812014
[the neurotic sympton as psychotherapeutic boundary line]. 20164840492
[advances in vitrectomy through the pars-plana (author's transl)]. 20164843849
x-ray beam uniformity in 250 kv deep therapy units. 20164855430
immunity to intracellular bacteria. 20164870271
genetic effects of radiation. 20164892645
[comparative bioptic examinations on the formal pathogenesis of the intestinal mucous membrane changes in indigenous sprue. i. microscopic, histologic, morphometric and cell kinetic findings]. 20164920503
congenital and surgical anophthalmia. 20164927647
the role of interoreceptors in the mechanism of action of the hormones. 20164959480
[clinical methods for the detection of estrus in sows]. 19715006043
acid-base balance and sodium-to-chloride ratio in diets of laying hens. 19725007114
superfoetation in cba mice. 20165020339
absorption and excretion of parathion by spraymen. 20165031564
a policy perspective on the united states rehabilitation system. 20155042035
a policy perspective on the united states rehabilitation system. 20155042035
the use of a residential medical rehabilitation centre. 20165069950
mechanism of propionate formation by selenomonas ruminantium, a rumen micro-organism. 19705530770
carbon dioxide requirement of various species of rumen bacteria.the carbon dioxide requirement of 32 strains of rumen bacteria, representing 11 different species, was studied in detail. increasing concentrations of co(2) were added as nahco(3) to a specially prepared co(2)-free medium which was tubed and inoculated under nitrogen. prior depletion of co(2) in the inoculum was found to affect the level of requirement; however, the complexity and buffering capacity of the medium did not appear to be involved. an absolute requirement for co(2) was observed for e ...19715541030
chemical structure of lipid a of selenomonas ruminantium. 19715562340
function of growth factors for rumen microorganisms. ii. metabolic fate of incorporated fatty acids in selenomonas ruminantium. 19685689520
function of growth factors for rumen microorganisms. i. nutritional characteristics of selenomonas ruminantium.nutritional characteristics of selenomonas ruminantium var. lactilytica isolated from a sheep rumen were studied. the organism required for growth the addition of a clarified rumen fluid to a trypticase-yeast extract medium with either lactate or glucose as an energy source. the requirement for rumen fluid was found to be satisfied by volatile fatty acids in glucose media and by biotin in lactate media. straight-chain saturated fatty acids with c(3) to c(10) carbon skeleton had been found to be ...19676020417
ammonia assimilation and glutamate formation in the anaerobe selenomonas ruminantium.selenomonas ruminantium was found to possess two pathways for nh4+ assimilation that resulted in net glutamate synthesis. one pathway fixed nh4+ through the action of an nadph-linked glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh). maximal gdh activity required kcl (about 0.48 m), but a variety of monovalent salts could replace kcl. complete substrate saturation of the enzyme by nh4+ did not occur, and apparent km values of 6.7 and 23 mm were estimated. also, an nadh-linked gdh activity was observed but was not s ...19806102549
regulation of urease and ammonia assimilatory enzymes in selenomonas ruminantium.urease and glutamine synthetase activities in selenomonas ruminantium strain d were highest in cells grown in ammonia-limited, linear-growth cultures or when certain compounds other than ammonia served as the nitrogen source and limited the growth rate in batch cultures. glutamate dehydrogenase activity was highest during glucose (energy)-limited growth or when ammonia was not growth limiting. a positive correlation (r = 0.96) between glutamine synthetase and urease activities was observed for a ...19816114707
a note on the fermentation of pectin by pure strains and combined cultures of rumen bacteria.bacteroides ruminicola, pure or combined with selenomonas ruminantium, and lachnospira multiparus, pure or combined with succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, were grown on a medium with pectin as energy source. there was a difference in fermentation products between the pure and combined cultures and efficiency of substrate utilization was better with the combined cultures.19816168176
long-term nutrient starvation of continuously cultured (glucose-limited) selenomonas ruminantium.selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic ruminal bacterium, was grown at various dilution rates (d = 0.05, 0.25, and 0.35 h-1) under glucose-limited continuous culture conditions. suspensions of washed cells prepared anaerobically in mineral buffer were subjected to nutrient starvation (24 to 36 h; 39 degrees c; n2 atmosphere). regardless of growth rate, viability declined logarithmically, and within about 2.5 h, about 50% of the populations were nonviable. after 24 h of starvation, the num ...19816170629
turn-over of phospholipids in selenomonas ruminantium.the particulate enzyme prepared from selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica catalyzed the formation of phosphatidylserine (ps) from cdp-diglyceride and serine, and phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) from ps. this indicates that ps and pe in this organism are synthesized through a similar pathway to that in escherichia coli. in turn-over experiments with [32p]orthophosphate and [14c]caproate, a rapid turn-over of pe was observed, while ethanolamine plasmalogen was relatively stable. the decrease o ...19846325403
purification and properties of selenomonas ruminantium lysine decarboxylase.selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium isolated from sheep rumen, contains lysine decarboxylase (y. kamio et al., j. bacteriol. 145:122-128, 1981). this report describes the synthesis, purification, and characterization of the enzyme. lysine decarboxylase was synthesized in cells grown in chemically defined medium without lysine. the enzyme was purified approximately 1,800-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity. the native enzyme of approximate molecular weight 88,00 ...19836401702
alpha-ketoglutarate metabolism by cytochrome-containing anaerobes.during growth in the presence of tracer amounts of exogenously supplied alpha-keto[1-14c]glutarate (akg) or alpha-keto [5-14c]glutarate, cytochrome-containing bacteroides fragilis strain 2044 and bacteroides vulgatus strain 8482 incorporated extremely small amounts of radioactivity into cell macromolecules and protoheme. under identical conditions, bacteroides "l" strain 7cm and bacteroides buccae strain j1 incorporated substantial label from [5-14c]akg, but not [1-14c]akg, into cellular macromo ...19836413047
the uptake and utilization of entodinium caudatum, bacteria, free amino acids and glucose by the rumen ciliate entodinium bursa.washed suspensions of entodinium bursa were incubated anaerobically with entodinium caudatum, ten species of bacteria and a yeast. the rate of uptake and digestion of these micro-organisms was investigated. protozoa grown in vivo did not engulf proteus mirabilis or klebsiella aerogenes but rapidly took up bacillus megaterium. selenomonas ruminantium, torulopsis glabrata and streptococcus bovis, although only the last was digested with release of soluble material into the medium. protozoa grown i ...19846427172
selenite uptake and incorporation by selenomonas ruminantium.selenite uptake and incorporation in selenomonas ruminantium was constitutive with an inducible component. it was distinct from sulphate or selenate transport, since sulphate and selenate did not inhibit uptake, nor could sulphate or selenate uptake be demonstrated. selenite uptake had an apparent km of 1.28 mm and a vmax of 148 ng se min-1 mg-1 protein. uptake was sensitive to inhibition by 2,4-dinitrophenol (dnp), carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (cccp), azide, iodoacetic acid (iaa) a ...19846442129
effects of chetomin on growth and acidic fermentation products of rumen bacteria.chetomin, an antibiotic metabolite of chaetomium spp., was tested in the form of its tetrathiol derivative for its effects on growth and carbohydrate metabolism by five strains of functionally important rumen bacteria. the compound was bacteriostatic for the strains tested and gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to inhibition than gram-negative bacteria. in an anaerobic broth dilution assay using a medium lacking rumen fluid, the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of chetomin which co ...19836686488
changes in metabolism and cell size of the anaerobic bacterium selenomonas ruminantium 0078a at the onset of growth in continuous culture.initial metabolism of selenomonas ruminantium 0078a in continuous culture was characterized by a high lactate and low volatile fatty acid production; this was associated with poor growth as determined by bacterial dry weight production, yet individual cells were considerably larger than those of the inoculum. biomass production increased, cell size decreased and the fermentation pattern reverted to the characteristic low lactate and high volatile fatty acid production after approximately 90 h gr ...19846746466
the uptake and metabolism of bacteria, amino acids, glucose and starch by the spined and spineless forms of the rumen ciliate entodinium caudatum.spined and spineless forms of entodinium caudatum were obtained by growth in vivo in the presence and absence, respectively, of entodinium bursa. washed suspensions of both forms engulfed all the bacteria tested although the spined form took them up 1.3 to 1.9 times more rapidly per unit volume of protozoon than did the spineless form. buytrivibrio fibrisolvens and selenomonas ruminantium were rapidly digested by the spined form after engulfment. free amino acids were taken up on average 3.1 tim ...19806775042
chemical structure of peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium: cadaverine links covalently to the d-glutamic acid residue of peptidoglycan.the peptidoglycan of selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic bacterium, contains cadaverine (y. kamio, y. itoh, y. terawaki, and t. kusano, j. bacteriol. 145:122-128, 1981). this report describes the chemical structure of the peptidoglycan of this bacterium. the [14c]cadaverine-labeled peptidoglycan was degraded with the lytic enzymes prepared from streptomyces albus g into three small fragments including a major fragment (band a compound). bank a compound was composed of l-alanine, d-glut ...19816783621
the influence of extracellular hydrogen on the metabolism of bacteroides ruminicola, anaerovibrio lipolytica and selenomonas ruminantium.strains of three anaerobic rumen bacteria, bacteroides ruminicola, anaerovibrio lipolytica and selenomonas ruminantium, were able to use extracellular h2 to reduce fumarate to succinate. each bacterium possessed membrane-bound hydrogenase and fumarate reductase activity. membrane-bound cytochrome b was reducible by h2 and oxidizable by fumarate in each bacterium. the apparent km values for hydrogen of the hydrogenases were 4 . 5 x 10(-6) m, 1 . 4 x 10(-5) m and 4 . 4 x 10(-5) m for b. ruminicola ...19806785381
biosynthesis of cadaverine-containing peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium.cadaverine links covalently to the d-glutamic acid residue of the peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium (kamio, y., itoh, y., and terawaki, y (1981) j. bacteriol. 146, 49-53). this report describes the enzymatic properties of the particulate enzyme preparation in s. ruminantium which catalyzes the addition of cadaverine to the alpha-carboxyl group of d-glutamic acid residue of the peptidoglycan. incorporation of cadaverine into the peptidoglycan ...19827037782
effect of ph on growth rates of rumen amylolytic and lactilytic bacteria.the relationship between the ph of the medium and specific growth rates, in well-buffered media at 38.5 degrees c, was determined for three strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and for one strain each of streptococcus bovis, selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica. megasphaera elsdenii, veillonella alcalescens, and propionibacterium acnes. the ph optima for growth were between 6.1 and 6.6 for all six species, and the upper ph limits were between 7.3 and 7.8. the lower limit ph values for grow ...19827125656
isolation and presumptive identification of adherent epithelial bacteria ("epimural" bacteria) from the ovine rumen wall.one hundred sixty-one strains of adherent bacteria were isolated under anaerobic conditions from four sites on the rumen epithelial surface of sheep fed hay or a hay-grain ration. before isolation of bacteria, rumen tissue was washed six times in an anaerobic dilution solution, and viable bacteria suspended in the washings were counted. calculation indicated that unattached bacteria would have been removed from the tissue by this procedure, but a slow and progressive release of attached bacteria ...19817195191
characterization of the cecal bacteria of normal pigs.one hundred ninety-two isolates from cecal contents of three normal weaned pigs were obtained by means of anaerobic roll tube methods and were characterized. seventy-eight percent of the isolates were gram-negative. the most numerous species isolated from each of the pigs was bacteroides ruminicola. this species accounted for 35% of the isolates that were characterized, and selenomonas ruminantium accounted for 21% of the isolates. other gram-negative bacteria isolated from all three pigs were b ...19817235711
isolation and characterization of outer and inner membranes of selenomonas ruminantium: lipid compositions.the isolation procedure and characterization of the outer and inner membranes from selenomonas ruminatium cells, a strictly anaerobic bacterium, are described. the metabolic fate of [14c]decanoate incorporated into the outer and inner membranes was examined. the percent distribution of radioactivities in the outer and inner membranes was about 40 and 50% of the total incorporated activity, respectively. approximately 47% of the radioactivity incorporated into the outer membrane was recovered in ...19807364719
outer membrane proteins and cell surface structure of selenomonas ruminantium.the protein compositions of the membrane preparations from selenomonas ruminantium grown in glucose or lactate medium were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate- and two-dimensional (first, isoelectric focusing; second, sodium dodecyl sulfate) polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. the outer membrane from both glucose- and lactate-grown cells contained two major proteins with apparent molecular weights of 42,000 and 40,000. these proteins existed as peptidoglycan-associated proteins in the oute ...19807364720
effect of ph on the efficiency of growth by pure cultures of rumen bacteria in continuous culture.a total of 10 strains of rumen bacteria, selenomonas ruminantium hd4, megasphaera elsdenii b159, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38, streptococcus bovis jb1, lactobacillus vitulinus ga1, bacteroides ruminicola b14, b. ruminicola ga33, ruminococcus albus 7, ruminococcus flavefaciens c94, and bacteroides succinogenes s85, were grown in energy-limiteh of the medium reservoir was lowered approximately 0.3 ph units, and the energy source concentration remaining in the culture vessel, optical density, cell ...19807387158
cytoplasmic reserve polysaccharide of selenomonas ruminantium.selenomonas ruminantium accumulated large quantities of intracellular polysaccharide when grown in simple defined medium in a chemostat, particularly at low dilution rate under nh3 limitation when the carbohydrate content of the cells was greater than 40% of the dry weight. this polysaccharide was used as a source of energy under conditions of energy starvation. abundant, densely staining cytoplasmic granules were observed by electron microscopy in sections stained by the periodic acid-thiocarbo ...19807387159
ammonia saturation constants for predominant species of rumen bacteria.ammonia saturation constants were determined for representative pure cultures of predominant, anaerobic, fermentative rumen bacteria. based on growth experiments with ammonia limited continuous cultures, average estimates for ammonia saturation constants of bacteroides amylophillus and bacteroides ruminicola were 10.5 and 23.5 microm ammonia-nitrogen, respectively. with ammonia-limited linear-growth cultures, the estimates for the ammonia saturation constants of b. amylophilus, b. ruminicola, an ...19807419777
cadaverine is covalently linked to peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium.cadaverine was found to exist as a component of cell wall peptidoglycan of selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic bacterium. [14c]cadaverine added to the growth medium was incorporated into the cells, and about 70% of the total radioactivity incorporated was found in the peptidoglycan fraction. when the [14c]cadaverine-labeled peptidoglycan preparation was acid hydrolyzed, all of the 14c counts were recovered as cadaverine. the [14c]cadaverine-labeled peptidoglycan preparation was digeste ...19817462141
the cellular location of prevotella ruminicola beta-1,4-d-endoglucanase and its occurrence in other strains of ruminal bacteria.prevotella ruminicola b(1)4, tc1-1, tf1-3, and ts1-5 all produced immunologically cross-reacting 88- and 82-kda carboxymethyl cellulases (cmcases). p. ruminicola 23, 118b, 20-63, and 20-78 had much lower cmcase activities, and western blots (immunoblots) showed no cross-reaction with the b(1)4 cmcase antiserum. fibrobacter succinogenes s85 and selenomonas ruminantium hd4 and d produced cmcase, but these enzymes were smaller and did not cross-react with the b(1)4 cmcase antiserum. the b(1)4 cmcas ...19957574639
effect of extracellular lactate on growth of rumen lactate producers.the addition of na-lactate (50-150 mmol/l) to media with glucose had only marginal effect on the growth of rumen lactate-producing bacteria at ph between 6.5 and 5.8. butyrivibrio fibrisolvens was somewhat more sensitive to external lactate than streptococcus bovis, lactobacillus fermentum and selenomonas ruminantium. it can be concluded that rumen lactate producers, which proliferate at the onset of rumen lactic acidosis, are not influenced by the lactate accumulation, except some non-specific ...19947619002
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