Publications

interleukin-6 deficiency increases inflammatory bone destruction.	periapical bone destruction occurs as a consequence of pulpal infection. in previous studies, we showed that interleukin-1 (il-1) is the primary stimulator of bone destruction in this model. il-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is induced in these infections and has both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. in the present study, we determined the role of il-6 in regulating il-1 expression and bone resorption. the first molars of il-6 knockouts (il-6(-/-)) and wild-type mice were subjected to su ...	2001	11159963
comparison of the hydrophobic properties of candida albicans and candida dubliniensis.	although candida dubliniensis is a close genetic relative of candida albicans, it colonizes and infects fewer sites. nearly all instances of candidiasis caused by c. dubliniensis are restricted to the oral cavity. as cell surface hydrophobicity (csh) influences virulence of c. albicans, csh properties of c. dubliniensis were investigated and compared to c. albicans. growth temperature is one factor which affects the csh status of stationary-phase c. albicans. however, c. dubliniensis, similar to ...	2001	11159968
fusobacterium nucleatum hepatic abscess with pylephlebitis associated with idiopathic cd4(+) t lymphocytopenia.		2001	11170936
[a comparative study of various evaluation methods of the antibiotic sensitivity of strict anaerobic bacteria of the subgingival flora].	the study on the sensitiveness of slow-growing anaerobes bacteria to antibiotics is delicate when you consider the technical motives that make it difficult to transpose the standard methods frequently used in microbiological laboratories. the three main methods used to determine susceptibility to antibiotics are: disk-diffusion test, antibiotics containing microdilution plates and atb ana (biomérieux). the aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of each of these methods on severe anaer ...	2001	11808376
[brain abscess in retroperitoneal perforated colonic diverticulitis].	the most frequent complications in diverticular disease are local abscess, perforation with peritoneal sepsis, fistula and ileus. extraabdominal manifestation is an actual rarity. a haematogenous bacterial spread via portal vein with formation of liver abscess has seldom been described. but a complicated diverticular disease as a cause for a brain abscess is an absolute rarity. our case presents a patient with brain abscess caused by asymptomatic, retroperitoneal perforated colonic diverticulosi ...	2001	11824027
metallic cough and pyogenic liver abscess.	the curious symptom of a metallic cough in association with a pyogenic hepatic abscess should heighten awareness of a fistula. we describe a 78-year-old female with severe diverticular disease, on long-term steroid treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica. she developed a pyogenic liver abscess, treated initially by antimicrobial therapy, and subsequently drained by ultrasound and computed tomography-guided percutaneous transhepatic pigtail catheterization. this was complicated by a fistulous commun ...	2001	11507364
antibacterial properties of electron beam-sterilized gutta-percha cones.	the purpose of the study was to determine the effect of electron beam sterilization on gutta-percha cones (gpcs) at different times after sterilization. an agar diffusion test was used with -one aerobic bacterium (bacillus subtilis) and five oral anaerobic bacteria (fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus micros, porphyromonas gingivalis, propionibacterium acnes, and veillonella parvula). with each microorganism 30 agar plates were prepared, evenly distributed among three groups (group 1: un ...	2001	11487145
determination of diamino acids in peptidoglycans from anaerobic bacteria.	peptidoglycans isolated from two fusobacterium species of anaerobic bacteria were analyzed for constituent amino acids. hydrolysis conditions were varied to optimize the yield of diamino acids from peptidoglycan. the o-phthalaldehyde derivatives of the diamino acid stereoisomers were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (opa-hplc), and variations in the relative areas of the two peaks noticed during analysis of solid samples were attributed to sampling errors. co-derivatization/in ...	2001	11764403
phosphorylcholine-dependent cross-reactivity between dental plaque bacteria and oxidized low-density lipoproteins.	antibodies reactive with phosphorylcholine (pc) are ubiquitous in human sera, but the antigens stimulating their production and their function are not clear. previous studies have shown that a significant proportion of dental plaque bacteria contain pc as determined by reactivity with pc-specific mouse myeloma proteins and monoclonal antibodies. additionally, serum antibody concentrations of immunoglobulin (igg) g anti-pc are higher in sera of individuals who have experienced periodontal attachm ...	2001	11598029
antimicrobial activity of four root canal sealers against endodontic pathogens.	the antibacterial effects of various types of widely used endodontic sealers have not been compared systematically on facultative or obligate anaerobic endodontic pathogens. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of four commonly used endodontic sealers: two epoxy-resin-based sealers (ah26, ah plus), one zinc-oxide eugenol-based sealer (n2), and one calcium hydroxide-based sealer (sealapex). the testing microbes were four facultative anaerobic species (streptococcus m ...	2001	11800436
prior exposure of mice to fusobacterium nucleatum modulates host response to porphyromonas gingivalis.	multiple periodontal pathogens sequentially colonize the subgingival niche during the conversion from gingivitis to destructive periodontal disease. an animal model of sequential immunization with key periodontal pathogens has been developed to determine whether t- and b-lymphocyte effector functions are skewed and fail to protect the host from pathogenic challenge. the present study was performed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of exposure to fusobacterium nucleatum prior to porphyromon ...	2001	11737656
lactoferrin, amylase and mucin muc5b and their relation to the oral microflora in hyposalivation of different origins.	there are several reasons for hyposalivation, each affecting the salivary composition in different ways. the aim of this study was to analyze and compare lactoferrin, amylase and mucin muc5b in stimulated whole saliva collected from subjects with hyposalivation of different origins and to relate the results to the presence of some microbial species associated with oral disorders. albumin was determined as a marker of serum leakage. the characteristic feature for subjects with radiation-induced h ...	2001	11737657
supragingival and subgingival microbiota of adult patients with down's syndrome. changes after periodontal treatment.	in this longitudinal study, five adult down's syndrome patients with periodontitis were placed on a frequent recall visit schedule (every 6 weeks) after treatment, in order to investigate: 1) the microbiological status, both supragingivally and subgingivally, and the changes that occurred after treatment and 2) the effect of frequent professional supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microbiota and clinical variables in these patients. the clinical variables recorded were probing pocke ...	2001	11737662
associations between serum antibody levels to periodontal pathogens and early-onset periodontitis.	the role of antibodies to periodontal microorganisms in the development of periodontal tissue destruction is still unclear. the aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum levels of igg, iga, and igm antibodies to 6 periodontal microorganisms and clinical subtypes of varying severity of early-onset periodontitis (eop) in young african american adults.	2001	11759856
the heat shock response of fusobacterium nucleatum.	the heat-shock response of the oral gram-negative bacterium fusobacterium nucleatum was examined. different strains of f. nucleatum were grown at 37 c. 42 degrees c and 48 c in the presence of [35s]methionine. cellular proteins synthesised after shifts to higher temperatures were analysed by sds-page and autoradiography. strains atcc 10953, f1, f3 and fev1 exhibited heat-shock response, and major proteins were observed at 60, 70 and 90 kda. but increased protein synthesis was also observed for o ...	2001	11767277
[septic shock with liver abscess in an immunocompetence patient. presentation of an unusual fusobacterium nucleatum infection].	fusobacterium septicemia with septic metastasis is a very rare and potentially serous condition when complicated by septic shock. most cases have been described in patients with humoral immunity disorders and/or severe underlying chronic disease.	2001	11771203
maternal periodontitis and prematurity. part ii: maternal infection and fetal exposure.	clinical data from the first 812 deliveries from a cohort study of pregnant mothers entitled oral conditions and pregnancy (ocap) demonstrate that both antepartum maternal periodontal disease and incidence/progression of periodontal disease are associated with preterm birth and growth restriction after adjusting for traditional obstetric risk factors. in the current study we present measures of maternal periodontal infection using whole chromosomal dna probes to identify 15 periodontal organisms ...	2001	11887461
serum phenytoin concentration and igg antibody titre to periodontal bacteria in patients with phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth.	epileptic patients taking phenytoin with gingival-overgrowth and those without gingival-overgrowth were compared for daily drug dose, plasma total phenytoin concentration, plasma free-phenytoin concentration and serum igg antibody titre against 13 periodontal bacteria. significantly higher daily drug dose was noted in patients with gingival overgrowth (p < 0.05) when compared with those without overgrowth. in addition, both total and free forms of plasma phenytoin concentration were significantl ...	2001	12666977
[the neutralizing effect of histidine-rich-polypeptides on lps from suspected periodontal pathogens].	human parotid histidine-rich-polypeptides (hrps) are a family of lowmolecular-weight, cationic polypeptides. hrp-1, hrp-3 and hrp-5 comprise 85%-90% of the total hrps and are called major hrps. there were many researches indicating the antimicrobial activities of hrps. recently, hrps were reported to have an inhibitory action on the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of e. coli, with hrp-5 being the most effective one among the three major hrps. since the lps of oral gram-negative bacteria is thought to b ...	2000	12539645
[effect and mechanism of garlic juice and hydrogen peroxide on the degradation of lipopolysaccharide].	to elucidate the effect and mechanism of garlic juice and hydrogen peroxide on the degradation of lipopolysaccharide (lps).	2000	11780236
anaerobic bacterial extracts influence production of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors by human dental pulp cells.	the role of human dental pulp (hdp) cells in extracellular matrix degradation in pulpitis is still unclear. in this study, the effects of sonicated bacterial extracts (sbes) from prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas endodontalis, and porphyromonas gingivalis on the balance between the production of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and that of their inhibitors [tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (timps)] by hdp cells were examined. hdp cells were treated with sbes, a ...	2000	11199767
photoactive porphyrin derivative with broad-spectrum activity against oral pathogens in vitro.	photodynamic therapy (pdt) has historically been used as a means to treat cancerous tumors but has recently been used to kill bacterial cells through the use of targeted photosensitizers. pdt is a potential adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontal disease. however, the effectiveness of porphyrin derivatives against microorganisms has been limited because some gram-negative bacteria are refractory to photodynamic treatment with these agents. we have designed a porphyrin ...	2000	11083641
early colonization of dental implants by putative periodontal pathogens in partially edentulous patients.	there is limited scientific information available on the early colonization of the peri-implant pockets in partially edentulous individuals. knowledge about this process is one step in better understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. in this study, the early colonization of the peri-implant pockets by putative periodontal pathogens was studied in 20 partially edentulous individuals using anaerobic culture techniques. at baseline, the presence and levels of putative periodo ...	2000	11168244
fusobacterial infections: an underestimated threat.	the involvement of fusobacteria in a wide range of human and animal infection has long been recognised. slow-growing anaerobes, often in polymicrobial culture, they are not always identified but are present mainly in the oropharynx, from where they are bloodborne to other sites or aspirated into the lung. fusobacterium nucleatum is commonly found in periodontal disease and produces tissue irritants such as butyric acid, proteases and cytokines. it has strong adhesive properties due to the presen ...	2000	10912293
effects of streptococcus crista and human saliva on the viability of fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953.	associations with facultative species might help planktonic oral anaerobes survive when they traverse saliva. this study investigated whether co-aggregation with streptococcus crista atcc 51110 enhanced the viability of fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953. two tubes each of co-aggregates and fus. nucleatum atcc 10953 alone were prepared. one of each set was resuspended in buffer, and the other in clarified saliva from each of 20 donors. after 1 h, cells were stained for viability. the median perc ...	2000	10869478
cytokine, elastase and oxygen radical release by fusobacterium nucleatum-activated leukocytes: a possible pathogenic factor in periodontitis.	periodontitis is characterised by tissue destruction caused by reactive oxygen species (ros) and proteolytic enzymes, which are released by the interaction between bacteria and phagocytes. we estimated the ability of fusobacterium species to induce release of tissue destructive and proinflammatory mediators from in vitro activated peripheral leukocytes. ros was measured with the nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) method, elastase with a specific chromogenic substrate and cytokines, including interleuki ...	2000	11034124
polarization of porphyromonas gingivalis-specific helper t-cell subsets by prior immunization with fusobacterium nucleatum.	antigen-specific t-cell clones were obtained from mice immunized with fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953 and/or porphyromonas gingivalis 381. 10 balb/c mice per group were immunized with f. nucleatum followed by p. gingivalis, or with p. gingivalis alone by intraperitoneal injection of viable microorganisms. spleen t cells were isolated and stimulated in vitro with viable p. gingivalis cells to establish p. gingivalis-specific t-cell clones. t-cell phenotypes and cytokine profiles were determine ...	2000	11154401
fusobacterium nucleatum involvement in adult periodontitis and possible modification of strain classification.	this investigation was designed to evaluate the involvement of fusobacterium nucleatum clinical strains in adult periodontitis by subspecies and expression of hemagglutination activity.	2000	10960022
attachment of fusobacterium nucleatum pk1594 to mammalian cells and its coaggregation with periodontopathogenic bacteria are mediated by the same galactose-binding adhesin.	it has been shown that fusobacterium nucleatum pk1594 coaggregates with prophyromonas gingivalis pk1924 through a galactose-binding adhesin. in the present study, attachment of f. nucleatum pk1594 to a variety of mammalian cells was characterized. f. nucleatum pk1594 attached to all eukaryotic cells tested, including human buccal epithelial cells, gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts, hela cells and murine lymphocytes, macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. these attachments wer ...	2000	11154434
porphyromonas gingivalis platelet aggregation activity: outer membrane vesicles are potent activators of murine platelets.	recent evidence has established an association between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by a small group of gram-negative bacteria, of which porphyromonas gingivalis is considered an important causative agent. it has been proposed that dental plaque bacteria and their products can disseminate into the bloodstream from the site of infection and promote thromboembolic events associated with atherosclerosis and myocardial infar ...	2000	11154438
profile of subgingival microbiota in children with mixed dentition.	a diversity of microbial species has been detected in children's oral flora at an early age. to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of different groups of teeth in children with mixed dentition, 40 systemically healthy children, aged 7-8 years, randomly chosen, were examined. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of 21, 41, 16 and 36 permanent teeth and 53, 73, 64 and 84 deciduous teeth. the samples were cultured for bacterial isolation anaerobica ...	2000	11155173
b-cell deficiency predisposes mice to disseminating anaerobic infections: protection by passive antibody transfer.	we have previously demonstrated that a high proportion of rag-2 scid knockout mice, which lack t and b cells, develop orofacial abscesses and disseminated infections following pulpal infection, whereas immunocompetent control mice do not. in the present study, we sought to identify the components of the adaptive immune response which contribute to protection against disseminating anaerobic infections and sepsis. for this purpose, various genetically engineered immunodeficient mice were employed, ...	2000	10992465
identification and characterization of human immunoglobulin g fc receptors of fusobacterium nucleatum.	several human pathogens express components which can bind to the fc portion of immunoglobulins. this study was undertaken to characterize the human immunoglobulin g (igg) fc-binding activity of fusobacterium nucleatum, a suspected pathogen involved in periodontal diseases. fc-binding activity was detected using whole-cell, cell envelope and outer membrane fractions, and it was found to be associated with polypeptides of 40 kda and 42 kda, respectively. amino terminal sequencing of these componen ...	2000	11155175
in vitro activities of mk-826 (l-749,345) against 363 strains of anaerobic bacteria.	the activity of mk-826 was compared to the activities of cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and meropenem against 363 gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobes by using nccls procedures. at least 98% of the strains were susceptible to the carbapenems. all strains of clostridium perfringens, fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus, and sutterella wadsworthensis were susceptible to all agents tested.	2000	10898709
toll-like receptor 4-deficient mice have reduced bone destruction following mixed anaerobic infection.	c3h/hej mice have an impaired ability to respond to lipopolysaccharide (lps) due to a mutation in the gene that encodes toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4). the effect of tlr4 deficiency on host responses to endodontic infections is unknown. in the present study, we compared periapical bone destruction, sepsis, and inflammatory cytokine production in lps-hyporesponsive c3h/hej and wild-type control c3h/heouj mice. the mandibular first molars of both strains were subjected to pulpal exposure and infectio ...	2000	10899873
interleukin-1 receptor signaling rather than that of tumor necrosis factor is critical in protecting the host from the severe consequences of a polymicrobe anaerobic infection.	infection of the dental pulp leads to an osteolytic lesion that results from a polymicrobial infection consisting largely of pathogenic anaerobes. infection causes significant morbidity and mortality mediated by bacterial factors and in some cases by the up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (il-1) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf), in particular, play a complex and central role in the responses to microbial pathogens. however, relatively little is known ...	2000	10899881
tetracycline fibres used to control bacterial infection during guided tissue regeneration (gtr).	the colonization of suspected periodontal pathogens during the healing of periodontal defects treated by guided tissue regeneration (gtr) with e-ptfe membranes and tetracycline fibers was investigated.	2000	10932905
enhanced interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by lps stimulated human monocytes isolated from hiv+ patients.	periodontal disease and tooth loss is a common finding among advanced hiv+ patients. in addition to local oral lipopolysaccharide (lps) stimulation, systemic up-regulation of monocyte pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion may also be involved in the pathogenesis of hiv disease. a study was undertaken to investigate il-1beta, il-6 and tnf-alpha production by resting and lps stimulated monocytes isolated from hiv+ patients and also to investigate the relationship of the patient's hiv viral load stat ...	2000	10946822
the prevalence of pathogenic periodontal microflora in healthy young adult smokers.	smoking is a major risk factor in periodontitis, although the mechanisms of its effects are not well understood. the overall goal of this clinical study was to determine if smoking enhances the colonization of the oral cavity by pathogenic bacteria in a periodontitis-free population. the prevalence of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens, bacteroides forsythus, and treponema denti ...	2000	10807119
characterization of bacterial orofacial infections using a new murine model.	we devised a new murine orofacial infection model using bacteria from odontogenic infection origins and characterized the experimental infections. in this model, bacteria were injected into the submandible of mice. streptococcus constellatus and peptostreptococcus micros produced a single abscess at the injection site and their abscess-forming and lethal abilities were low: the median abscess-forming dose (af(50)) of s. constellatus and p. micros were 10(8.5-10.7)and 10(10.2-10.6)cfu/mouse, and ...	2000	10906266
the response to oxidative stress of fusobacterium nucleatum grown in continuous culture.	fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953 was grown in continuous culture and the atmosphere changed stepwise from nitrogen (anaerobiosis) to a mixture of air: oxygen (40:60). no significant differences in biomass were observed and the baseline low level of superoxide dismutase increased only slightly; catalase and peroxidase activities were never detected but the level of nadh oxidase increased more than three-fold when oxygen was introduced into the system. in relation to acidic end-products, the rel ...	2000	10828396
identification of periodontal disease-associated bacteria in the "plaque-free zone".	subgingival plaque bacteria live within a biofilm covered with glycocalyx, and little is known of the bacterial species associated with biofilm formation at the bottom of human periodontal pockets, the so-called "plaque-free zone"(pfz).	2000	10972648
laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections.	anaerobic organisms play a major role in pleuropulmonary infections. clinical manifestations range from simple aspiration to acute, severe, necrotizing pneumonias to chronic infections, such as lung abscess and empyema. implicated pathogens are usually of endogenous origin. laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections is based on recovering the etiological agent from clinical specimens. appropriate specimens include pleuml fluid, transtracheal aspirates, transthoracic aspirates a ...	2000	10983929
[analysis using elisa test of antibody response to fusobacterium nucleatum and eikenella corrodens in subjects with periodontal disease].	to know the synthesis of igg, iga, and igm to fusobacterium nucleatum and eikenella corrodens in serum, crevicular liquid and saliva in subjects with periodontal disease, using elisa test.	2000	10996873
detection of major putative periodontopathogens in korean advanced adult periodontitis patients using a nucleic acid-based approach.	although extensive microbial analyses have been performed from subgingival plaque samples of periodontitis patients, systematic analysis of subgingival microbiota has not been carried out in a korean population so far. the purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of major putative periodontopathogens in korean patients by culture-independent methods.	2000	11022767
influence of antimicrobial subinhibitory concentrations on hemolytic activity and bacteriocin-like substances in oral fusobacterium nucleatum.	fusobacterium nucleatum is considered for its role in colonization of initial and late microorganisms in dental plaque and for its coaggregation with other bacterial species. it is known that action of different antimicrobial substances may interfere with either virulence factors or with host-bacteria interaction. the goal of this study was to examine the influence of subinhibitory concentrations of chlorhexidine, triclosan, penicillin g and metronidazole on hemolytic activity and bacteriocin-li ...	2000	10872683
differences in the composition of the subgingival microbiota of two periodontitis populations of different geographical origin. a comparison between spain and the netherlands.	the purpose of this study was to compare the subgingival microbiota of two geographically distinct patient populations using identical clinical and bacteriological methods. adult patients with a diagnosis of periodontitis were consecutively selected according to pre-defined clinical criteria. microbiological samples were taken from the deepest four sites with bleeding. the samples were plated on blood agar plates, for the determination of the total anaerobic counts and identification of specific ...	2000	11037754
automated immunofluorescence for enumeration of selected taxa in supragingival dental plaque.	the present study investigated a recently developed automated image analysis technique for its applicability to the enumeration of selected bacteria in supragingival dental plaque. following initial calibration, the system is capable to count fluorescence-labeled target cells in up to 48 samples without user interference. test samples contained a characteristic mixture of planktonic bacteria, small almost planar bacterial aggregates, and large, virtually indisruptable clumps with cells from mult ...	2000	11037755
the formation of mixed culture biofilms of oral species along a gradient of shear stress.	a chemostat mixed culture system was used to produce two distinct ecological states, state-1 (caries-like microcosm) and state-2 (periodontal-like microcosm). eleven bacterial species (streptococcus gordonii, strep. mitis i, strep. mutans, strep. oralis, actinomyces naeslundii, lactobacillus casei, neisseria subflava, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella nigrescens, veillonella dispar) were used to inoculate the planktonic system. a flow cell, designed to produce converg ...	2000	11054158
competition for glucose between candida albicans and oral bacteria grown in mixed culture in a chemostat.	the competition for glucose as a growth-limiting substrate between candida albicans and a mixed community of oral bacteria was investigated. a chemostat was operated under glucose-limiting and glucose excess conditions at a dilution rate of 0.05/h. a mixed population of oral bacteria was established and after a steady state had been reached the chemostat was inoculated with c. albicans. seven bacterial species streptococcus sanguis, s. sobrinus, s. mitis, lactobacillus casei, veillonella dispar, ...	2000	11073150
microbiological parameters associated with il-1 gene polymorphisms in periodontitis patients.	polymorphisms in the cluster of il-1 genes have been significantly associated with the severity of adult periodontitis. the purpose of this study was to compare microbiological parameters in il-1 genotype negative and positive adult subjects with a range of periodontitis severities.	2000	11073323
bacterial susceptibility to amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate in advanced periodontitis patients not responding to mechanical therapy.	between 4 and 8% of periodontitis patients are reported to respond poorly to conventional therapy. in these cases, adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics might be a reasonable therapeutic approach. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemic amoxicillin/clavulanate as adjunct to periodontal surgery on the predominant subgingival microorganisms in patients not responding to mechanical therapy. furthermore, the bacterial susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanate was analyzed ...	2000	11073328
[clinical use of tetracyclines in the treatment of periodontal diseases].	introduction: there are a number of chemically different tetracycline homologues. the older group of tetracyclines, which was introduced in the 1950-60s, includes tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and demeclocycline. the newer group of tetracyclines includes doxycycline, methacycline and minocycline. pharmacokinetics: elevated concentration of tetracycline in gingival fluid with respect to blood levels was an unexpected phenomenon. patients given 250 mg every 6 hours had average c ...	2000	11089368
bacteriology of histopathologically defined appendicitis in children.	acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in childhood. however, the pathogenesis and detailed microbiology are obscure.	2000	11099090
the virulence of mixed infection with streptococcus constellatus and fusobacterium nucleatum in a murine orofacial infection model.	orofacial infections are usually polymicrobial, and it is the microbial interactions of pathogenic species that cause tissue destruction. in this study, the microbial interaction between streptococcus constellatus and fusobacterium nucleatum was characterized using a murine orofacial infection model. a mixture of viable s. constellatus and f. nucleatum cells (both 2 x 10(8) cfu/mouse) was injected into the submandible; as a result, all of the test mice died. in contrast, none of the experimental ...	2000	11099928
comparative in vitro activities of abt-773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue animal and human bite wound infections.	we studied the comparative in vitro activities of abt-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 10(4) cfu/spot for aerobes and 10(5) cfu for anaerobes. the following are the mic ranges and mics at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (mic(90)s) of abt-773 for various isolates, respectively: pasteurella multocida and pasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 microg/ml; other pasteurella species, 0.125 to ...	2000	10952607
isolation and characterization of a human neutrophil aggregation defective mutant of fusobacterium nucleatum.	fusobacterium nucleatum is known to adhere to human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) and cause them to aggregate. in this study, we isolated a spontaneously occurring aggregation defective (agg(-)) mutant and this mutant will be used for future study of the interactions between this bacterium and human pmn. genomic dna fingerprinting by random-primed polymerase chain reaction method revealed a difference between the parent strain and the agg(-) mutant. this mutant also showed an altered phen ...	2000	10683469
isolation of fusobacteria from the oral cavities of malnourished nigerian children living in agricultural and herding villages.	a previous study demonstrated the presence and possible involvement of fusobacterium necrophorum in the pathogenesis of noma lesions of children living in agricultural and herding villages in northwestern nigeria. in order to determine if f. necrophorum was part of the oral flora of malnourished children with no noma lesions, a study of the fusobacteria present in the oral cavities of 30 children, 2-6 years of age in sokoto state, was undertaken. swabs taken of the oral cavity were cultured on s ...	2000	10702787
induction of apoptotic cell death in peripheral blood mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells by an oral bacterium, fusobacterium nucleatum.	it is largely unknown why a variety of bacteria present in the oral cavity are capable of establishing themselves in the periodontal pockets of nonimmunocompromised individuals in the presence of competent immune effector cells. in this paper we present evidence for the immunosuppressive role of fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative oral bacterium which plays an important role in the generation of periodontal disease. our studies indicate that the immunosuppressive role of f. nucleatum is lar ...	2000	10722579
peptostreptococcus micros coaggregates with fusobacterium nucleatum and non-encapsulated porphyromonas gingivalis.	coaggregation is one of the potential colonization strategies of oral microorganisms, often involving fimbrial structures in the interactions. in this study, the coaggregation characteristics of the rough and smooth genotypes of the periodontal pathogen peptostreptococcus micros were compared to investigate the role of the fibril-like structures of the rough genotype in coaggregation. of the 11 oral species tested, only fusobacterium nucleatum strains and non-encapsulated porphyromonas gingivali ...	2000	10612731
native plasmids of fusobacterium nucleatum: characterization and use in development of genetic systems.	three native plasmids of fusobacterium nucleatum were characterized, including dna sequence analysis of one plasmid, pfn1. a shuttle plasmid, phs17, capable of transforming escherichia coli and f. nucleatum atcc 10953 was constructed with pfn1. phs17 was stably maintained in the f. nucleatum transformants, and differences in the transformation efficiencies suggested the presence of a restriction-modification system in f. nucleatum.	2000	10648549
development of oral bacterial flora in young children.	the intimate relationship with bacteria is a fundamental factor in the health status of an individual. after birth infants are exposed to continuous person-to-person and environmental contacts with microbes, and the development of the indigenous microflora begins on the surfaces of the human body. in a developing ecosystem microbial colonization may easily occur because of the still inadequate host response. adhesion is the initial event in the colonization of bacteria. in the mouth, only mucosa ...	2000	10766401
interactions between periodontal bacteria and human oral epithelial cells: fusobacterium nucleatum adheres to and invades epithelial cells.	bacteria are causative agents of periodontal diseases. interactions between oral bacteria and gingival epithelial cells are essential aspects of periodontal infections. using an in vitro tissue culture model, a selected group of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria frequently associated with periodontal diseases, including bacteroides forsythus, campylobacter curvus, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, and prevotella intermedia, were examined for their ability to ...	2000	10816455
inducible expression of human beta-defensin 2 by fusobacterium nucleatum in oral epithelial cells: multiple signaling pathways and role of commensal bacteria in innate immunity and the epithelial barrier.	human gingival epithelial cells (hge) express two antimicrobial peptides of the beta-defensin family, human beta-defensin 1 (hbd-1) and hbd-2, as well as cytokines and chemokines that contribute to innate immunity. in the present study, the expression and transcriptional regulation of hbd-2 was examined. hbd-2 mrna was induced by cell wall extract of fusobacterium nucleatum, an oral commensal microorganism, but not by that of porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen. hbd-2 mrna was also ...	2000	10768988
profile of subgingival microbiota in children with primary dentition.	eruption of primary teeth has a great influence on the oral environment by providing suitable niches for bacterial colonization. the aim of the study was to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of primary incisors, canines and molars in 40 systemically healthy children aged 4-5 yr, chosen randomly. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of primary incisors (61, 81), canines (53, 73) and molars (64, 84). the samples were cultured for bacterial isolat ...	2000	10791707
review of the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobic pathogens.	published reports on the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin mesylate (sb 265805), a new fluoronaphthyridone, against anaerobic pathogens are reviewed here. the studies used a variety of media, inocula and antimicrobial agents. using a proposed breakpoint of 0.5 mg/l, these studies showed that gemifloxacin had generally higher potency against gram-positive anaerobes (clostridium perfringens, all peptostreptococcus spp.) and fusobacteria (fusobacterium nucleatum, fusobacterium necrophorum) and mode ...	2000	10824034
retrospective identification and characterization of candida dubliniensis isolates among candida albicans clinical laboratory isolates from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected and non-hiv-infected individuals.	fungal opportunistic infections, and in particular those caused by the various candida species, have gained considerable significance as a cause of morbidity and, often, mortality. the newly described species candida dubliniensis phenotypically resembles candida albicans so closely that it is easily misidentified as such. the present study was designed to determine the frequency at which this new species is not recognized in the clinical laboratory, to determine the patient populations with whic ...	2000	10835022
the fusobacterium nucleatum porin foma possesses the general topology of the non-specific porins.	foma is a major non-specific porin of fusobacterium nucleatum with no sequence similarity to other known porins. according to the topology model, the protein consists of 16 transmembrane beta-strands, connected by eight surface-exposed loops and seven periplasmic turns. in this study, the insertion mutagenesis approach was applied to probe the topology model. a semliki forest virus (sfv) epitope was successfully inserted at 11 different sites of the foma protein and a 6-aa insertion was successf ...	2000	10846222
identification of candida dubliniensis in a study of hiv-seropositive pediatric dental patients.	the combination of an immature immune system and suppressed cellular immunity in children with hiv infections provides optimal conditions for rapid disease progression. as a result, pediatric aids has become a major epidemiological challenge. oral fungal colonization remains one of the most common opportunistic infections observed in both adult and pediatric hiv infected patients. although candida albicans is the most frequently isolated opportunistic fungal species, a recently characterized can ...	2000	10846737
in vitro activity of rifaximin, metronidazole and vancomycin against clostridium difficile and the rate of selection of spontaneously resistant mutants against representative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, including ammonia-producing species.	rifaximin is a rifamycin derivative characterized by a wide antibacterial activity. this drug is neither absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract nor inactivated by gastric juices, and exerts its action entirely within the intestinal lumen.	2000	10859431
lipopolysaccharide induces expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and the elastin-degrading enzyme, cathepsin s, in human cervical smooth-muscle cells.	vaginal and amniotic infection with gram-negative bacteria is associated with preterm birth. we previously reported that human cervical smooth-muscle cells (csmc) respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines by expressing enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix. our objective was to characterize the effects of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli (e coli), bacteroides fragilis, (b frag)and fusobacterium nucleatum (f nuc)on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the elastin-deg ...	2000	10865188
features of severe periodontal disease in a teenager with chédiak-higashi syndrome.	chédiak-higashi syndrome (c-hs) is a rare congenital disease characterized by defective neutrophil function with abnormal lysosomal inclusions, neutropenia, and reduced chemotaxis. the complete syndrome includes oculocutaneous albinism with photophobia, neurologic features, recurrent infections, and enterocolitis.	2000	10872965
the periodontal abscess (i). clinical and microbiological findings.	little information is available regarding the diagnosis and microbiology of periodontal abscesses. the aim of this descriptive clinical and microbiological study was to provide more information in order to help in the characterisation of the periodontal abscess associated to periodontitis.	2000	10883867
"checkerboard" assessments of periodontal microbiota and serum antibody responses: a case-control study.	we explored the association between subgingival microbial profiles and serum igg responses to periodontal microbiota in relation to clinical periodontal status.	2000	10914791
disinfection of dental impressions and occlusal records by ultraviolet radiation.	as chemical disinfection of dental impressions may cause adverse effects on materials and the dental personnel this study examined disinfection by ultraviolet radiation. alginate, addition silicone rubber and red wax contaminated by streptococcus salivarius, fusobacterium nucleatum and five other bacteria in different suspension media were radiated for up to 18 min, and the number of colony forming units was compared to non-radiated controls. the effect of ultraviolet radiation differed among ba ...	2000	11307403
[antimicrobial effects of tea tree oil (melaleuca alternifolia) on oral microorganisms].	the essential oil of melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil) exhibits antimicrobial activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. in this study the bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal/fungicidal activity of a tea tree oil solution, of a new tea tree oil (tebodont) and the respective placebo-gel, of a chlorhexidindigluconate-solution and of plakout was tested in vitro against ten different oral microorganisms. minimum inhibitory concentrations were in the ...	2000	11374358
[bacterial virulence in the etiology of periodontal diseases].	strong relationships have been very often described between various form of periodontal disease (pd) and certain bacterial species, so that nowadays periodontal disease is recognized as an infectious disease. destruction of periodontal supporting tissues happens as a response to very intricate host-parasite interactions. when the clinician will be able to fully understand and identify such phenomena it would be possible to succeed in a properly diagnosis and control of the active phase of period ...	2000	11268937
comparison of profiles of key periodontal pathogens in periodontium and endodontium.	despite the established anatomical relationship between the periodontal and pulpal tissues, bacterial migration between endodontium and periodontium is still under discussion. the objective of this study was an investigation of profiles of periodontal pathogens in pulpal and periodontal diseases affecting the same tooth by means of 16s rrna gene directed polymerase chain reaction (pcr). 31 intact teeth with both pulp and marginal infections were investigated. the diagnosis was based on clinical ...	2000	11202893
assessment of periradicular microbiota by dna-dna hybridization.	in the present study the "checkerboard" dna-dna hybridization technique was used to identify bacteria in periapical endodontic lesions of asymptomatic teeth. thirty-four patients with root-filled teeth and apical periodontitis were divided into two groups, each containing 17 patients. in group 1, a marginal incision was performed during surgery to expose the lesion, and in group 2, a submarginal incision was applied. the gingiva and mucosa were swabbed with an 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate soluti ...	2000	11202881
the effect of scaling and root planing on the clinical and microbiological parameters of periodontal diseases: 12-month results.	previously, we reported that srp resulted in a decrease in mean pocket depth and attachment level and reduced prevalence and levels of bacteroidesforsythus, porphyromonas gingivalis, and treponema denticola at 3 and 6 months post-srp in 57 subjects with adult periodontitis. 32 of the 57 subjects were monitored at 9 and 12 months. thus, the purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the microbial and clinical effects of srp in 32 (mean age 48+/-11) subjects over a 12-month period.	2000	10674959
effect of supragingival plaque control on subgingival microflora and gingivo-periodontal tissues.	the aim of this study was to carry out a short term evaluation of the effect of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microflora and gingivoperiodontal tissues in patients with moderate and severe periodontitis. a total of 92 sites from 23 patients were studied; patients ranged between 35 and 60 years of age (x 46.4 +/- 1.71). plaque index (pi), gingival index (gi), bleeding on probing (bp), probing depth (pd), and attachment level (al) were measured. subgingival microflora of the same ...	2000	15211927
multiple ophthalmic anomalies and digital hypoplasia.	multiple congenital eye and hand anomalies occurred in a young female born to normal but consanguineous parents. both eyes were microphthalmic with severe corneal, iris lens pathology. ultrasonography revealed multiple echos from the vitreous. the ocular findings are suggestive of retinal dysplasia. a skeletal dysplasia, presenting as distal phalangeal hypoplasia, was found in both hands. there was no history of intrauterine exposure to drugs. this appears to be a unique association of congenita ...	2000	97363
the results of prostatectomy: a symptomatic and urodynamic analysis of 152 patients.	there were 152 patients with prostatism investigated by inflow cystometry and pressure flow analysis of micturition before and after elective prostatectomy. many symptoms attributed to obstruction were found to be owing to bladder instability, which was demonstrated in 60 per cent of the patients. the symptomatic improvement postoperatively was accompanied by a decrease in the incidence of instability to 25 per cent. the repeat urodynamic studies and symptom analysis demonstrated a surgical succ ...	2000	86617
biliary duct ultrasound.		2000	99016
clomipramine and clonazepam in cataplexy.		2000	91833
heroin epidemiology and the demand for heroin.		2000	97547
microbial oxidation of methane and methanol: isolation of methane-utilizing bacteria and characterization of a facultative methane-utilizing isolate.	a methane-utilizing organism capable of growth both on methane and on more complex organic substrates as a sole source of carbon and energy, has been isolated and studied in detail. suspensions of methane-grown cells of this organism oxidized c-1 compounds (methane, methanol, formaldehyde, formate); hydrocarbons (ethane, propane); primary alcohols (ethanol, propanol); primary aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde); alkenes (ethylene, propylene); dimethylether; and organic acids (acetate, mala ...	2000	101517
an investigation into the antigen-specificity of transfer factor in its stimulatory action on lymphocyte transformation.	dialysable transfer factor (tf) was prepared from the buffy-coat cells of donors with known cell-mediated reactivity to tuberculin (ppd), streptococcal protein (sksd) and diphtheria toxoid (dt). the effect of such preparations on the transformation by these antigens of lymphocytes from tuberculin-negative donors was investigated. transformation was determined as incorporation of tritiated thymidine. the concentrations of sksd and dt were adjusted for different lymphocyte donors so as to give, in ...	2000	86502
tissue cea in premalignant epithelial lesions and epidermoid carcinoma of the uterine cervix: prognostic significance.	carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) was studied by the indirect triple-bridge immunoperoxidase method in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 191 patients with premalignant epithelial lesions or epidermoid carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated 12 years ago. the frequency of tissue cea positivity was found to increase with advancing clinical disease in the following manner: mild dysplasia, 25%; severe dysplasia, 37%; carcinoma in situ, 60%; invasive carcinoma stage i, 60%; stage ii ...	2000	86522
axonal transport of a brain-specific protein in the optic fibres of octopus vulgaris.		2000	90124
progression of diabetic nephropathy.	although deterioration of renal function in diabetic nephropathy varies considerably from one diabetic to another, its rate is constant in individuals. for each patient there is a linear relation between period (months) which elapses from the time serum creatinine becomes greater than 200 mumol/l and the inverse the inverse of the serum-creatinine. the observation is of practical importance in predicting the time at which end-stage renal failure will develop, so that treatment can be planned in ...	2000	86831
[machine method of applying a sorbent layer to chromatographic plates].		2000	90206
the effect of rectal examination on serum acid phosphatase.		2000	90146
what is right with american medicine.		2000	97798
hexacarbon neuropathy.		1999	91030
plasma 1,25(oh)2 vitamin d concentrations in nutritional osteomalacia.		1999	89299
[intraosseous administration of thymalin in the combined treatment of children with acute odontogenic osteomyelitis].	experience gained in the treatment of 63 children has demonstrated the validity of bone perforation and intraosteal drug lavage in a complex of therapeutic measures for acute mandibular odontogenic osteomyelitis running an unfavorable course. incorporation of immunostimulant thymalin in the solutions used for intraosteal lavage of the inflammation focus in this condition is conducive to normalization of the cellular and humoral immunity and liquidation of the pathologic process without destructi ...	1999	2326818
ballot in scotland on proposed consultant contract.		1999	91768
an evaluation of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the ankle in 200 patients.	the longterm results of surgical and conservative treatment in two almost identical groups of patients with fractures of the ankle have been analyzed. the results were better after conservative treatment; delayed operation and repeated manipulations were found to be the main reason for the poorer postoperative results, especially in elderly osteoporotic patients. the damage consequent to repeated manipulations, the difficulties resulting from delaying operation, and the advantages of early open ...	1999	96272
beta-lactamase inhibitors--a novel approach.		1999	89565