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biofilm-induced changes to the composite surface.composites may undergo biodegradation in the oral cavity. the objective was to investigate the effect of single- and multi-species biofilms on the surface roughness and topography of two composites.201728554609
characterization of non-dialyzable constituents from cranberry juice that inhibit adhesion, co-aggregation and biofilm formation by oral bacteria.an extract prepared from cranberry juice by dialysis known as nondialyzable material (ndm) has been shown previously to possess anti-adhesion activity toward microbial species including oral bacteria, uropathogenic escherichia coli and helicobacter pylori. bioassay-guided fractionation of cranberry ndm was therefore undertaken to identify the anti-adhesive constituents. an aqueous acetone-soluble fraction (ndmac) obtained from sephadex lh-20 inhibited adhesion-linked activities by oral bacteria, ...201728470309
inflammatory bacteriome featuring fusobacterium nucleatum and pseudomonas aeruginosa identified in association with oral squamous cell carcinoma.studies on the possible association between bacteria and oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) remain inconclusive, largely due to methodological variations/limitations. the objective of this study was to characterize the species composition as well as functional potential of the bacteriome associated with oscc. dna obtained from 20 fresh oscc biopsies (cases) and 20 deep-epithelium swabs (matched control subjects) was sequenced for the v1-v3 region using illumina's 2 × 300 bp chemistry. high qual ...201728500338
quantification by qpcr of pathobionts in chronic periodontitis: development of predictive models of disease severity at site-specific level.currently, there is little evidence available on the development of predictive models for the diagnosis or prognosis of chronic periodontitis based on the qpcr quantification of subgingival pathobionts. our objectives were to: (1) analyze and internally validate pathobiont-based models that could be used to distinguish different periodontal conditions at site-specific level within the same patient with chronic periodontitis; (2) develop nomograms derived from predictive models. subgingival plaqu ...201728848499
relatively low invasive capacity of porphyromonas gingivalis strains into human gingival fibroblasts in vitro.bacterial invasion into host cells is a common strategy to escape the host immune system. gingival fibroblasts (gfs) are the most predominant non-phagocytic cell type in gingival connective tissue. therefore, invasion into gfs was thought to be the first strategy for the survival of porphyromonas gingivalis. the present study compared the invasive ability of p. gingivalis into gfs with those of other red-complex and relatively less pathogenic bacterial strains, especially fusobacterium nucleatum ...201728841474
periodontal microbioma and rheumatoid arthritis: the role of porhyromonas gingivalis.rheumatoid arthritis is a disease, which can be described as an autoimmune response after molecular mimicry caused by infective agents. the current study aims at evaluating the correlation between rhematoid arthritis (ra) and periodontal disease (pd), with special attention to the microbioma detected in the gums. thirty-four patients with rd were recruited into the current study. among rheumatic parameters, rheumatoid factor (rf), anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ccp), hla-bdr1 and das28 wer ...201728691459
microbiological, lipid and immunological profiles in children with gingivitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus.the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of periodontal pathogens, systemic inflammatory mediators and lipid profiles in type 1 diabetes children (dm) with those observed in children without diabetes (ndm), both with gingivitis.201728403363
effectiveness in the removal of endotoxins and microbiological profile in primary endodontic infections using 3 different instrumentation systems: a randomized clinical study.this clinical study was conducted to correlate the microbiological profile and levels of endotoxins found in primary endodontic infection with the presence of clinical features and to evaluate the removal of microorganisms and endotoxins using rotary, reciprocating, and hybrid systems for biomechanical preparation.201728606669
improved antimicrobial effect of ginseng extract by heat transformation.the incidence of halitosis has a prevalence of 22-50% throughout the world and is generally caused by anaerobic oral microorganisms, such as fusobacterium nucleatum, clostridium perfringens, and porphyromonas gingivalis. previous investigations on the structure-activity relationships of ginsenosides have led to contrasting results. particularly, the antibacterial activity of less polar ginsenosides against halitosis-related bacteria has not been reported.201728413322
microbial analysis of root canal and periradicular lesion associated to teeth with endodontic failure.the quantification of ten microorganisms at the root ends and in the surrounding periradicular lesions was performed. thirty 3 mm samples root ends and 30 samples of the surrounding chronic periapical infection were collected during apical microsurgery. samples were triturated, and the bacterial dna was obtained. the bacterial quantification was performed by using the sybr green system. at least one microorganism was detected in all patients. in both the root end and periapical samples, fusobact ...201728666877
cancer associated faecal microbial markers in colorectal cancer detection.colorectal cancer (crc) is the second most common cause of cancer death in the western world. an effective screening program leading to early detection of disease would severely reduce the mortality of crc. alterations in the gut microbiota has been linked to crc, but the potential of microbial markers for use in crc screening has been largely unstudied. we used a nested case-control study of 238 study subjects to explore the use of microbial markers for clba+ bacteria harbouring the pks pathoge ...201728833079
locoregional effects of microbiota in a preclinical model of colon carcinogenesis.inflammation and microbiota are critical components of intestinal tumorigenesis. to dissect how the microbiota contributes to tumor distribution, we generated germ-free (gf) apc(min/+) and apc(min/+) ;il10(-/-) mice and exposed them to specific-pathogen-free (spf) or colorectal cancer-associated bacteria. we found that colon tumorigenesis significantly correlated with inflammation in spf-housed apc(min/+) ;il10(-/-) , but not in apc(min/+) mice. in contrast, small intestinal neoplasia developmen ...201728416491
prevalence of periodontal pathogens among italian patients with chronic periodontitis: a retrospective study on 2992 patients.the aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of some periodontal pathogens in italian adults with chronic periodontitis.201728757933
antimicrobial effects of mastic extract against oral and periodontal pathogens.various antimicrobial agents are widely used in the therapy of oral inflammatory diseases. however, their side effects and the appearance of drug resistance justify research on natural antimicrobial agents to target oral pathogens that are safe for the host. in the present study, antimicrobial properties of mastic extract on commensal and pathogenic oral bacteria, as well as its possible cytotoxic effect toward cells of epithelial and mesenchymal origin, were evaluated and compared with the comm ...201728067105
endodontic drug delivery for root surface disinfection: a laboratory feasibility evaluation.this study aims to assess the potential of a mixture of three antibiotics (trevitamix, tvm) as an intracanal dressing to disinfect the outer root surface by applying a new in vitro model.201626323501
sialic acid transporter nant participates in tannerella forsythia biofilm formation and survival on epithelial cells.tannerella forsythia is a periodontal pathogen implicated in periodontitis. this gram-negative pathogen depends on exogenous peptidoglycan amino sugar n-acetylmuramic acid (nam) for growth. in the biofilm state the bacterium can utilize sialic acid (neu5ac) instead of nam to sustain its growth. thus, the sialic acid utilization system of the bacterium plays a critical role in the growth and survival of the organism in the absence of nam. we sought the function of a t. forsythia gene annotated as ...201626318875
fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal carcinoma tissue and patient prognosis.accumulating evidence links the intestinal microbiota and colorectal carcinogenesis. fusobacterium nucleatum may promote colorectal tumour growth and inhibit t cell-mediated immune responses against colorectal tumours. thus, we hypothesised that the amount of f. nucleatum in colorectal carcinoma might be associated with worse clinical outcome.201626311717
in vitro activity of taurolidine gel on bacteria associated with periodontitis.the purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of two different taurolidine gel formulations in comparison with minocycline microspheres.201626254142
association of fusobacterium nucleatum with immunity and molecular alterations in colorectal cancer.the human intestinal microbiome plays a major role in human health and diseases, including colorectal cancer. colorectal carcinogenesis represents a heterogeneous process with a differing set of somatic molecular alterations, influenced by diet, environmental and microbial exposures, and host immunity. fusobacterium species are part of the human oral and intestinal microbiota. metagenomic analyses have shown an enrichment of fusobacterium nucleatum (f. nucleatum) in colorectal carcinoma tissue. ...201626811607
fusobacterium nucleatum infections: clinical spectrum and bacteriological features of 78 cases.few series describe the clinical spectrum of fusobacterium spp. infections. among them, fewer discuss f. nucleatum, even though there are many clinical cases.201626783023
selective responses of human gingival fibroblasts and bacteria on carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone with multilevel nanostructured tio2.the long-term success of dental implants relies not only on stable osseointegration but also on the integration of implant surfaces with surrounding soft tissues. in our previous work, titanium plasma immersion ion implantation (piii) technique was applied to modify the carbon-fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (cfrpeek) surface, constructing a unique multilevel tio2 nanostructure thus enhancing certain osteogenic properties. however, the interactions between the modified surface and soft-tis ...201626774566
effect of aging on periodontal inflammation, microbial colonization, and disease susceptibility.periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by a biofilm that forms on the tooth surface. increased periodontal disease is associated with aging. we investigated the effect of aging on challenge by oral pathogens, examining the host response, colonization, and osteoclast numbers in aged versus young mice. we also compared the results with mice with lineage-specific deletion of the transcription factor foxo1, which reduces dendritic cell (dc) function. periodontitis was induced by ora ...201626762510
microbiota-based model improves the sensitivity of fecal immunochemical test for detecting colonic lesions.colorectal cancer (crc) is the second leading cause of death among cancers in the united states. although individuals diagnosed early have a greater than 90% chance of survival, more than one-third of individuals do not adhere to screening recommendations partly because the standard diagnostics, colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy, are expensive and invasive. thus, there is a great need to improve the sensitivity of non-invasive tests to detect early stage cancers and adenomas. numerous studies have i ...201627056827
high-throughput dental biofilm growth analysis for multiparametric microenvironmental biochemical conditions using microfluidics.dental biofilm formation is not only a precursor to tooth decay, but also induces more serious systematic health problems such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. understanding the conditions promoting colonization and subsequent biofilm development involving complex bacteria coaggregation is particularly important. in this paper, we report a high-throughput microfluidic 'artificial teeth' device offering controls of multiple microenvironmental factors (e.g. nutrients, growth factors, dissol ...201627045372
a dual-species microbial model for studying the dynamics between oral streptococci and periodontal pathogens during biofilm development on titanium surfaces by flow cytometry.the association of the pioneer organisms streptococcus mutans atcc 25175 or streptococcus oralis atcc 9811 with secondary colonizers fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 25586 or porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 33277 during biofilm development on titanium surfaces was evaluated by flow cytometry (fcm) using specific polyclonal antibodies. elisa and fcm were employed, revealing high antibody sensitivity and specificity. biofilm formation of four dual-species combinations was analyzed by crystal violet stai ...201627032997
association of fusobacterium nucleatum infection with colorectal cancer in chinese patients.to investigate fusobacterium nucleatum (f. nucleatum) abundance in colorectal cancer (crc) tissues and its association with crc invasiveness in chinese patients.201627004000
effect of alendronate on the progression of periodontitis induced by porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum: a study in rats.the study aimed to investigate the effect of alendronate (aln) on the inhibition of alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in wistar rats.201626955836
[association between oral conditions and colorectal cancer: a literature review and synthesis].chronic periodontitis and tooth loss are chronic oral conditions that, in recent decades, have been implicated in the occurrence of certain types of cancer. in this review, we address the question of whether colorectal cancer is associated with these oral conditions.201626923863
morphological and functional adaptations of fusobacterium nucleatum exposed to human neutrophil peptide-1.we recently demonstrated that fusobacterium nucleatum can resist to human neutrophil peptide (hnp)-1 by decreasing its membrane permeability and increasing its proliferation and biofilm formation. in this continuation study, we aimed to further evaluate and explain these resistance properties by determining the morphological and functional adaptations of f. nucleatum, using transmission electron microscopy (tem).201626923748
registered report: fusobacterium nucleatum infection is prevalent in human colorectal carcinoma.the reproducibility project: cancer biology seeks to address growing concerns about reproducibility in scientific research by conducting replications of selected experiments from a number of high-profile papers in the field of cancer biology. the papers, which were published between 2010 and 2012, were selected on the basis of citations and altmetric scores (errington et al., 2014). this registered report describes the proposed replication plan of key experiments from 'fusobacterium nucleatum in ...201626882501
symptoms of periodontitis and antibody responses to porphyromonas gingivalis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.the association between rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and periodontitis is well established. some children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia) phenotypically resemble adults with ra, characterized by the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ccp) antibodies. we sought to investigate an association between ccp-positive jia and symptoms of periodontitis and antibodies to oral microbiota.201626861944
case series of patients with fusobacterium nucleatum bacteremia with emphasis on the presence of cancer.fusobacterium nucleatum is anaerobic oral microbiota that might be associated with cancer. we reported 22 consecutive cases of patients (mean age of 63.8 years (range 34-89), 59.1% male) with f. nucleatum bacteremia that were admitted to a university hospital over a 10-year period. in 17 (77.2%) of these patients, f. nucleatum was the sole possible pathogen. seven of the 22 patients (31.8%) had active cancer: esophagus carcinoma (n = 3), hematologic malignancies (n = 1), gastrointestinal stromal ...201626853831
copaifera reticulata oleoresin: chemical characterization and antibacterial properties against oral pathogens.oral infections such as periodontitis and tooth decay are the most common diseases of humankind. oleoresins from different copaifera species display antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. copaifera reticulata is the commonest tree of this genus and grows abundantly in several brazilian states, such as pará, amazonas, and ceará. the present study has evaluated the chemical composition and antimicrobial potential of the copaifera reticulata oleoresin (cro) against the causative agents of ...201627118478
two foxp3(+)cd4(+) t cell subpopulations distinctly control the prognosis of colorectal cancers.cd4(+) t cells that express the forkhead box p3 (foxp3) transcription factor function as regulatory t (treg) cells and hinder effective immune responses against cancer cells. abundant treg cell infiltration into tumors is associated with poor clinical outcomes in various types of cancers. however, the role of treg cells is controversial in colorectal cancers (crcs), in which foxp3(+) t cell infiltration indicated better prognosis in some studies. here we show that crcs, which are commonly infilt ...201627111280
nox1/2 activation in human gingival fibroblasts by fusobacterium nucleatum facilitates attachment of porphyromonas gingivalis.periodontal diseases are infectious polymicrobial inflammatory diseases that lead to destruction of the periodontal ligament, gingiva, and alveolar bone. sequential colonization of a broad range of bacteria, including fusobacterium nucleatum and porphyromonas gingivalis, is an important phenomenon in this disease model. f. nucleatum is a facultative anaerobic species thought to be a key mediator of dental plaque maturation due to its extensive coaggregation with other oral bacteria, while p. gin ...201627071620
in vitro evaluation of planktonic growth on experimental cement-retained titanium surfaces.background the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of selected cements, or their combination with titanium, on the growth of two periodontopathic bacteria: prevotella intermedia (pi) and fusobacterium nucleatum (fn). material and methods this study was comprised of several experimental groups: 1) dental luting cements (glass ionomer cement, methacrylate-based resin cement, zinc-oxide eugenol cement, eugenol-free zinc oxide cement; 2) titanium discs; and 3) titanium combination cemen ...201627058704
fusobacterium nucleatum, inflammation, and immunity: the fire within human gut.fusobacterium nucleatum is an identified proinflammatory autochthonous bacterium implicated in human colorectal cancer. it is also abundantly found in patients suffering from chronic gut inflammation (inflammatory bowel disease), consequently contributing to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. majority of the studies have reported that colorectal tumors/colorectal adenocarcinomas are highly enriched with f. nucleatum compared to noninvolved adjacent colonic tissue. during the course of multis ...201626718210
fusobacterium nucleatum infection of gingival epithelial cells leads to nlrp3 inflammasome-dependent secretion of il-1β and the danger signals asc and hmgb1.fusobacterium nucleatum is an invasive anaerobic bacterium that is associated with periodontal disease. previous studies have focused on virulence factors produced by f. nucleatum, but early recognition of the pathogen by the immune system remains poorly understood. although an inflammasome in gingival epithelial cells (gecs) can be stimulated by danger-associated molecular patterns (damps) (also known as danger signals) such as atp, inflammasome activation by this periodontal pathogen has yet t ...201626687842
porphyromonas gingivalis initiates a mesenchymal-like transition through zeb1 in gingival epithelial cells.the oral anaerobe porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with the development of cancers including oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc). here, we show that infection of gingival epithelial cells with p. gingivalis induces expression and nuclear localization of the zeb1 transcription factor, which controls epithelial-mesenchymal transition. p. gingivalis also caused an increase in zeb1 expression as a dual species community with fusobacterium nucleatum or streptococcus gordonii. increased zeb1 exp ...201626639759
antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) induction of biofilm matrix architectural and bioadhesive modifications.dental implants are commonly used today for the treatment of partially and fully edentulous patients. despite the high success rate they are not resistant to complications and failure due to a variety of problems including peri-implantitis or peri-mucositis due to bacterial biofilm formation on the implant surface. the use of non-surgical and surgical treatment procedure to promote healing in cases with peri-implantitis have limited efficacy. here we studied the ability of photodynamic therapy t ...201626617192
complete genome sequences and analysis of the fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies animalis 7-1 bacteriophage ɸfunu1 and ɸfunu2.fusobacterium nucleatum is a strictly anaerobic, gram negative bacterial species that has been associated with dental infections, pre-term labor, appendicitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and, more recently, colorectal cancer. the species is unusual in its phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity, with some strains demonstrating a more virulent phenotype than others; however, as yet the genetic basis for these differences is not understood. bacteriophage are known to contribute to the virulence ph ...201626545740
structural and quantitative analysis of a mature anaerobic biofilm on different implant abutment surfaces.the longevity of dental implants depends on the absence of inflammation in the periimplant tissue. similar to teeth, pathogenic bacteria can adhere on implant abutment surfaces and cause periimplant disease and consequently implant loss.201626597465
microbiological effects and recolonization patterns after adjunctive subgingival debridement with er:yag laser.the objective of this study was to assess the microbiological effects and recolonization patterns after non-surgical periodontal treatment protocol based on the adjunctive use of erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (er:yag) laser.201626419675
slowly progressive lemierre's syndrome with orbital pain and exophthalmos.lemierre's syndrome is an oropharyngeal bacterial infection characterized by rapidly progressive septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. a lack of appropriate antibiotic therapy can be life-threatening. we describe the case of a 39-year-old man with lemierre's syndrome who presented with long-lasting orbital pain and acute exophthalmos 6 weeks after initial infection. this report is to help clinicians consider the diagnosis of lemierre's syndrome when encountering a patient with lo ...201626419364
long-term evaluation of oral gavage with periodontopathogens or ligature induction of experimental periodontal disease in mice.to evaluate in long-term periods the destruction of periodontal tissues and bacterial colonization induced by oral gavage with periodontopathogens or ligature experimental periodontal disease models.201626411857
light activated antimicrobial agents can inactivate oral malodour causing bacteria.oral malodour is a common condition which affects a large proportion of the population, resulting in social, emotional and psychological stress. certain oral bacteria form a coating called a biofilm on the tongue dorsum and degrade organic compounds releasing volatile sulfur compounds that are malodourous. current chemical treatments for oral malodour such as mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine or essential oils, are not sufficiently effective at reducing the bacterial load on the tongue. one p ...201627753430
tea polyphenols inhibit the activation of nf-κb and the secretion of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases by macrophages stimulated with fusobacterium nucleatum.fusobacterium nucleatum has been associated with both periodontal disease and inflammatory bowel disease. this gram-negative bacterium possesses a high inflammatory potential that may contribute to the disease process. we hypothesized that green and black tea polyphenols attenuate the inflammatory response of monocytes/macrophages mediated by f. nucleatum. we first showed that the tea extracts, egcg and theaflavins reduce the nf-κb activation induced by f. nucleatum in monocytes. since nf-κb is ...201627694921
global tlr2 and 4 deficiency in mice impacts bone resorption, inflammatory markers and atherosclerosis to polymicrobial infection.toll-like-receptors (tlrs) play a significant role in the generation of a specific innate immune response against invading pathogens. tlr2 and tlr4 signaling contributes to infection-induced inflammation in periodontal disease (pd) and atherosclerosis. observational studies point towards a relationship between pd and atherosclerosis, but the role of tlr2 and tlr4 in the recognition of multiple oral pathogens and their modulation of host response leading to atherosclerosis are not clear. we evalu ...201627224005
fusobacterium nucleatum: atypical organism of pyogenic liver abscess might be related to sigmoid diverticulitis.pyogenic liver abscesses (plas) are the most common form of liver abscesses in the united states. most cases are caused by enteric bacteria and anaerobes. we report a case of pla caused by a rare pathogen, fusobacterium nucleatum, from an unusual primary site of infection.201627213146
endothelial cell response to fusobacterium nucleatum.vascular response is an essential aspect of an effective immune response to periodontal disease pathogens, as new blood vessel formation contributes to wound healing and inflammation. gaining a greater understanding of the factors that affect vascular response may then contribute to future breakthroughs in dental medicine. in this study, we have characterized the endothelial cell response to the common bacterium fusobacterium nucleatum, an important bridging species that facilitates the activity ...201627185790
neutrophil superoxide release and plasma c-reactive protein levels pre- and post-periodontal therapy.to determine peripheral blood neutrophil superoxide release and c-reactive protein (crp) concentration in chronic periodontitis patients, before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment.201627168055
microbial colonization of the peri-implant sulcus and implant connection of implants restored with cemented versus screw-retained superstructures: a cross-sectional study.the aim of this study is to investigate peri-implant and intraconnection microflora of healthy implants restored with cemented and screwed superstructures.201627153291
a case of liver abscess with systemic infection caused by fusobacterium.a 43-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow on chest x-ray. blood testing showed elevated levels of c-reactive protein and white blood cells. computed tomography revealed multilocular masses of the right hepatic lobe, reticulonodular shadowing on both lungs, left kidney masses, and aortic arch aneurysm. fusobacterium nucleatum was isolated from the hepatic abscess after percutaneous transhepatic drainage. because of severe dental caries, he was diagnosed with liv ...201627151479
rapid detection of nusg and fada in fusobacterium nucleatum by loop-mediated isothermal amplification.fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with various human diseases such as periodontal disease and colorectal cancer (crc); thus, f. nucleatum detection might serve as a novel diagnostic tool. here, we describe the development of a sensitive and rapid molecular method for detecting two f. nucleatum genes: the highly conserved nusg and fada, which encode a critical host colonization factor. loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) primer sets for the rapid detection of nusg and fada were desi ...201627339262
caveolin-1 serves as a negative effector in senescent human gingival fibroblasts during fusobacterium nucleatum infection.it is well established that aging is associated with increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. fusobacterium nucleatum is a well-known bacterial species that plays a central bridging role between early and late colonizers in the human oral cavity. further, the ability of f. nucleatum to invade gingival fibroblasts (gfs) is critical to the development of periodontal diseases. however, the mechanisms underlying the age-related infection of gfs by f. nucleatum remain unknown. we used young ( ...201627315395
inducible expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8 in chronic periodontitis and gingival epithelial cells.the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8 (adam8) is associated with several inflammatory diseases. elevated adam8 levels have been shown in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with chronic periodontitis. the objective of this study was to investigate adam8 expression in chronic periodontitis tissues compared with that in normal tissues. adam8 expression and its inductive mechanism were examined in human gingival epithelial cells (hgecs) and human gingival fibroblasts.201627859260
broad-range pcr coupled with electrospray ionization time of flight mass spectrometry for detection of bacteremia and fungemia in patients with neutropenic fever.infection is an important complication in patients with hematologic malignancies or solid tumors undergoing intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy. in only 20 to 30% of the febrile neutropenic episodes, an infectious agent is detected by conventional cultures. in this prospective study, the performance of broad-range pcr coupled with electrospray ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (pcr/esi-ms) technology was compared to conventional blood cultures (bc) in a consecutive series of samples from ...201627440820
alteration of neutrophil reactive oxygen species production by extracts of devil's claw (harpagophytum).harpagophytum, devil's claw, is a genus of tuberiferous xerophytic plants native to southern africa. some of the taxa are appreciated for their medicinal effects and have been traditionally used to relieve symptoms of inflammation. the objectives of this pilot study were to investigate the antioxidant capacity and the content of total phenols, verbascoside, isoverbascoside, and selected iridoids, as well as to investigate the capacity of various harpagophytum taxa in suppressing respiratory burs ...201627429708
differential matrix metalloprotease (mmp) expression profiles found in aged gingiva.the periodontium undergoes age-related cellular and clinical changes, but the involved genes are not yet known. here, we investigated age-related genetic changes in gingiva at the transcriptomic level. genes that were differentially expressed between young and old human gingiva were identified by rna sequencing and verified by real-time pcr. a total of 1939 mrna transcripts showed significantly differential expression between young and old gingival tissues. matrix metalloprotease (mmp) regulatio ...201627391467
comparative genome analysis of fusobacterium nucleatum.fusobacterium nucleatum is considered to be a key oral bacterium in recruiting periodontal pathogens into subgingival dental plaque. currently f. nucleatum can be subdivided into five subspecies. our previous genome analysis of f. nucleatum w1481 (referred to hereafter as w1481), isolated from an 8-mm periodontal pocket in a patient with chronic periodontitis, suggested the possibility of a new subspecies. to further investigate the biology and relationships of this possible subspecies with othe ...201627540086
oral polymorphonuclear neutrophil characteristics in relation to oral health: a cross-sectional, observational clinical study.polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) have a major role in the innate immune system. however, little is known about pmn contribution in relation to oral health. the objective of this study was to investigate the numbers and functional characteristics of oral pmns (opmns) compared with circulatory pmns (cpmns). oral rinse and venous blood samples were obtained from 268 systemically and orally healthy volunteers in a cross-sectional observational study. pmn counts, cell cycle analysis and cellular ...201627515277
[intramedullary abscess of the cervical spinal cord caused by advanced periodontitis:case report].we describe the case of a 60-year-old man with an intramedullary abscess of the cervical spinal cord caused by advanced periodontitis. he suddenly developed severe neck pain and rapidly progressive palsy of the left upper arm. t2-weighted sagittal magnetic resonance imaging(mri)revealed a hyperintense area extending from c1 to c6. gadolinium-enhanced t1-weighted mri showed a ring-enhanced lesion at the c3-4 level that was hyperintense on diffusion-weighted mri. the patient underwent drainage of ...201627506846
effects of lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase-containing food on the oral hygiene status of older individuals: a randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase have antimicrobial effects against oral pathogens. this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled parallel group study tested the efficacy of a lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase-containing tablet (lf + lpo tablet) in improving the oral hygiene status of older individuals.201627150460
invasive fusobacterium nucleatum may play a role in the carcinogenesis of proximal colon cancer through the serrated neoplasia pathway.the prevalence of invasive fusobacterium nucleatum (fn) within the serrated neoplasia pathway of the proximal colon has seldom been investigated. we examined the invasive fn and bacterial biofilms in 35 proximal hyperplastic polyps (hps), 33 sessile serrated adenomas (ssas), 48 proximal colorectal cancers (crcs) and 10 matched metastatic lymph nodes using 16s rrna fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). samples of normal mucosa, traditional adenomas (tas), distal hps, distal crcs and matched ...201627130618
bacteria prevalence in a large italian population sample: a clinical and microbiological study.the present study detects those bacterial species which are more strongly related to bleeding on probing, suppuration and smoking in periodontal-affected patients. nine hundred and fifty-one patients with periodontal diseases were admitted to the department of periodontology and implantology, dental school of bologna university where they underwent microbiological tests for six periodontal pathogens (actinomyces actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, treponema de ...201627469569
impact of implant-abutment connection on osteoimmunological and microbiological parameters in short implants: a randomized controlled clinical trial.the study aimed to determine the levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-кb ligand (srankl) and osteoprotegerin (opg) as well as their relative calculated ratio in peri-implant crevicular fluid (picf) obtained around two different types of implant-abutment connection on short implants following a 12-month monitoring period. moreover, the levels of a number of oral bacterial species were investigated in the corresponding submucosal biofilm samples.201627469171
anti-biofilm activities from resveratrol against fusobacterium nucleatum.fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium that plays an important role in dental plaque biofilm formation. in this study, we evaluate the effect of resveratrol, a phytoalexin compound, on f. nucleatum biofilm formation. the effects of different concentrations of resveratrol on biofilms formed on 96-well microtiter plates at different time points were determined by the mtt assay. the structures and thicknesses of the biofilm were observed by confocal laser scanning microscop ...201627458454
selective persistence of propionibacterium species fma5 following sealing of infected dentinal matrix.the objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that nutrient deprivation by effective isolation should inactivate causative saccharolytic bacteria occupying carious lesions. vital maxillary third molar teeth were prepared by removing only the superficial necrotic material, leaving behind infected dentinal matrix, before the cavity was sealed with glass ionomer cement (gic). before sealing, lesions were biopsied to provide reference bacterial dna for microbial analysis. after an in ...201628013413
comparative study on the characteristics of weissella cibaria cmu and probiotic strains for oral care.probiotics have been demonstrated as a new paradigm to substitute antibiotic treatment for dental caries, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis. the present work was conducted to compare the characteristics of oral care probiotics: weissella cibaria cmu (chonnam medical university) and four commercial probiotic strains. survival rates under poor oral conditions, acid production, hydrogen peroxide production, as well as inhibition of biofilm formation, coaggregation, antibacterial activity, and i ...201627999400
streptococcus mutans spap binds to radd of fusobacterium nucleatum ssp. polymorphum.adhesin-mediated bacterial interspecies interactions are important elements in oral biofilm formation. they often occur on a species-specific level, which could determine health or disease association of a biofilm community. among the key players involved in these processes are the ubiquitous fusobacteria that have been recognized for their ability to interact with numerous different binding partners. fusobacterial interactions with streptococcus mutans, an important oral cariogenic pathogen, ha ...201627976528
fusobacterium nucleatum: an unusual cause of subdural empyema.this article describes an uncommon presentation of a subdural empyema in a young man. because the patient's initial presentation consisted of nonspecific abdominal complaints, subdural empyema was not initially considered. however, a thorough medical history, including recent travel history, and appropriate multidisciplinary consultation, were key to reaching the correct diagnosis.201627898560
5-fluorouracil sensitivity varies among oral micro-organisms.5-fluorouracil (5-fu), a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent, often causes oral mucositis, an inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa. micro-organisms in the oral cavity are thought to play an important role in the aggravation and severity of mucositis, but the mechanisms behind this remain unclear. although 5-fu has been shown to elicit antibacterial effects at high concentrations (>100 µm), its antibacterial effect at physiologically relevant concentrations in the oral cavity is unknow ...201627296270
24-hour evaluation of dental plaque bacteria and halitosis after consumption of a single placebo or dental treat by dogs.objective to determine whether consumption of a single dental treat with specific mechanical properties and active ingredients would provide a 24-hour effect on dental plaque bacteria and halitosis in dogs. animals 10 dogs of various breeds from a privately owned colony that had received routine dental scaling and polishing 4 weeks before the study began. procedures dogs were randomly assigned to receive 1 placebo or dental treat first. a 4-week washout period was provided, and then dogs receive ...201627227499
evaluation of antibody level against fusobacterium nucleatum in the serological diagnosis of colorectal cancer.fusobacterium nucleatum (f. nucleatum, fn) is associated with the colorectal cancer (crc). fn-infection could induce significant levels of serum fn-specific antibodies in human and mice. the objective of this study was to identify fn-infection that elicit a humoral response in patients with crc and evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum anti-fn antibodies. in this work, we showed the mean absorbance value of anti-fn-iga and -igg in the crc group were significantly higher than those in the ...201627678333
antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) against periodontopathic bacteria.docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) are two major omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 pufas) with antimicrobial properties. in this study, we evaluated the potential antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of dha and epa against two periodontal pathogens, porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis) and fusobacterium nucleatum (f. nucleatum). mtt assay showed that dha and epa still exhibited no cytotoxicity to human oral tissue cells when the concentration came to 100 μm ...201627565090
fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal carcinoma tissue according to tumor location.evidence suggests a possible role of fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal carcinogenesis, especially in right-sided proximal colorectum. considering a change in bowel contents and microbiome from proximal to distal colorectal segments, we hypothesized that the proportion of colorectal carcinoma enriched with f. nucleatum might gradually increase along the bowel subsites from rectum to cecum.201627811909
effects by periodontitis on pristane-induced arthritis in rats.an infection-immune association of periodontal disease with rheumatoid arthritis has been suggested. this study aimed to investigate the effect of pre-existing periodontitis on the development and the immune/inflammatory response of pristane-induced arthritis.201627809921
 background nonsurgical periodontal treatment implicates bacteraemia. in rare cases oral pathogens can be found associated with abscesses of brain or liver case description a brain abscess was found in a patient after several periodontal treatments causing neurological seizures. in the drain masses of fusobacterium nucleatum were found. an oral examination revealed a severe periodontally damaged dentition. the woman had been in a generally healthy condition before the event. after neurosurgical t ...201627808349
role of oral microbiome on oral cancers, a review.the oral cavity is inhibited by many of the bacterial species. some of them have a key role in the development of oral disease. interrelationships between oral microbiome and systemic conditions such as head-and-neck cancer have become increasingly appreciated in recent years. emerging evidence also suggests a link between periodontal disease and oral cancer, and the explanation being that chronic inflammation could be a major factor in both diseases. squamous cell carcinoma is that the most fre ...201627693964
porphyromonas gingivalis capsule-mediated coaggregation as a virulence factor in mixed infection with fusobacterium nucleatum.porphyromonas gingivalis capsule enables evasion from phagocytosis, invasion of keratinocytes and bacterial survival. in mixed infection, the capsule also participates in coaggregation, which may lead to characteristic virulence not present in the mono-infection. the aim of the study was to evaluate the role of p.gingivalis capsule as a virulence factor in co-aggregated mixed infection with fusobacterium nucleatum.201627885964
fap2 mediates fusobacterium nucleatum colorectal adenocarcinoma enrichment by binding to tumor-expressed gal-galnac.fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with colorectal cancer and promotes colonic tumor formation in preclinical models. however, fusobacteria are core members of the human oral microbiome and less prevalent in the healthy gut, raising questions about how fusobacteria localize to crc. we identify a host polysaccharide and fusobacterial lectin that explicates fusobacteria abundance in crc. gal-galnac, which is overexpressed in crc, is recognized by fusobacterial fap2, which functions as a gal-gal ...201627512904
efficacy of various side-to-side toothbrushes and impact of brushing parameters on noncontact biofilm removal in an interdental space model.the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of four different side-to-side toothbrushes and the impact of various brushing parameters on noncontact biofilm removal in an adjustable interdental space model.201627757550
quantitation of faecal fusobacterium improves faecal immunochemical test in detecting advanced colorectal neoplasia.there is a need for an improved biomarker for colorectal cancer (crc) and advanced adenoma. we evaluated faecal microbial markers for clinical use in detecting crc and advanced adenoma.201627797940
human microbiome fusobacterium nucleatum in esophageal cancer tissue is associated with prognosis.fusobacterium nucleatum (f. nucleatum) is a component of the human microbiome that primarily inhabits the oral cavity. it causes periodontal disease and has also been implicated in the development of human cancers. although there are several reports of the relationship between f. nucleatum and the clinical outcome in human cancers, its prognostic significance in esophageal cancer remains unclear.201627769987
consequences of orthodontic treatment in malocclusion patients: clinical and microbial effects in adults and children.malocclusion is a common disease of oral and maxillofacial region. the study was aimed to investigate levels changes of periodontal pathogens in malocclusion patients before, during and after orthodontic treatments, and to confirm the difference between adults and children.201627793138
[analysis of causes and whole microbial structure in a case of rampant caries].to analyze the whole microbial structure in a case of rampant caries to provide evidence for its prevention and treatment.201627777193
mining the proteome of fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum atcc 25586 for potential therapeutics discovery: an in silico approach.the plethora of genome sequence information of bacteria in recent times has ushered in many novel strategies for antibacterial drug discovery and facilitated medical science to take up the challenge of the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to current antibiotics. in this study, we adopted subtractive genomics approach to analyze the whole genome sequence of the fusobacterium nucleatum, a human oral pathogen having association with colorectal cancer. our study divulged 1,499 proteins o ...201628154519
oral microbiome and history of smoking and colorectal cancer.the equilibrium of oral microbiome may be altered by environmental factors, including cigarette smoking. several recent studies also suggest that oral pathogens causing periodontal disease, such as fusobacterium nucleatum, are involved in pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.201628111632
profile of bacteria colonizing the exposed bone of patients with anti-osteoclastic drug-related osteonecrosis of the jaws.microbial etiology for anti-osteoclastic drug-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (aronj) was suggested. this study investigates any link between bacteria colonizing aronj sites and other oral cavity sites. microbiota samples of 10 aronj patients were collected from the exposed bone, adjacent teeth, contralateral teeth, and tongue. dna checkerboard hybridization was used for microbiota analysis with 43 genomic dna probes prepared from human oral bacterial (38) and candida (5) species, using socrans ...201627419922
rose bengal uptake by e. faecalis and f. nucleatum and light-mediated antibacterial activity measured by flow cytometry.antibacterial photodynamic therapy (apdt) using rose bengal (rb) and blue-light kills bacteria through the production of reactive oxygen derivates. however, the interaction mechanism of rb with bacterial cells remains unclear. this study investigated the uptake efficiency and the antibacterial activity of blue light-activated rb against enterococcus faecalis and fusobacterium nucleatum. spectrophotometry and epifluorescence microscopy were used to evaluate binding of rb to bacteria. the antibact ...201627394008
discovery and characterization of de novo sialic acid biosynthesis in the phylum fusobacterium.sialic acids are nine-carbon backbone carbohydrates found in prominent outermost positions of glycosylated molecules in mammals. mimicry of sialic acid (n-acetylneuraminic acid, neu5ac) enables some pathogenic bacteria to evade host defenses. fusobacterium nucleatum is a ubiquitous oral bacterium also linked with invasive infections throughout the body. we employed multidisciplinary approaches to test predictions that f. nucleatum engages in de novo synthesis of sialic acids. here we show that f ...201627613803
assessment of periodontopathogens in subgingival biofilm of banded and bonded molars in early phase of fixed orthodontic treatment.to assess the prevalence and occurrence of eleven periodontopathogens in subgingival biofilm of banded and bonded molars during the first period of fixed orthodontic treatment. subjects were selected from patients referred to orthodontic treatment and were divided in two groups: group a comprised fifteen patients (14.4±2.45 years of age) who received orthodontic bands on first permanent molars and group b of ten patients (15.7±1.87 years of age) with directly bonded tubes on the labial surface o ...201627020873
fad-i, a fusobacterium nucleatum cell wall-associated diacylated lipoprotein that mediates human beta defensin 2 induction through toll-like receptor-1/2 (tlr-1/2) and tlr-2/6.we previously identified a cell wall-associated protein from fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative bacterium of the oral cavity, that induces human beta defensin 2 (hbd-2) in primary human oral epithelial cells (hoecs) and designated it fad-i (fusobacterium-associated defensin inducer). here, we report differential induction of hbd-2 by different strains of f. nucleatum; atcc 25586 and atcc 23726 induce significantly more hbd-2 mrna than atcc 10953. heterologous expression of plasmid-borne fa ...201626930710
bacterial diversity of symptomatic primary endodontic infection by clonal analysis.the aim of this study was to explore the bacterial diversity of 10 root canals with acute apical abscess using clonal analysis. samples were collected from 10 patients and submitted to bacterial dna isolation, 16s rrna gene amplification, cloning, and sequencing. a bacterial genomic library was constructed and bacterial diversity was estimated. the mean number of taxa per canal was 15, ranging from 11 to 21. a total of 689 clones were analyzed and 76 phylotypes identified, of which 47 (61.84%) w ...201627737357
murine experimental root canal infection: cytokine expression in response to f. nucleatum and e. faecalis.the aim of this study was to evaluate the gene expression of proinflammatory (rankl, tnf-a and ifn-g) and regulatory (tgf-b and il-10) cytokines as reaction to experimental infection by mono or bi-association of fusobacterium nucleatum (atcc 10953) and enterococcus faecalis (atcc 19433). f. nucleatum and e. faecalis, either in mono- or bi-association were inoculated into the root canal system (rcs) of balb/c mice. animals were sacrificed at 10 and 20 days after infection and periapical tissues s ...201627982237
[features of adhesion of anaerobic periodontopathogenic bacteria and candida albicans fungi to experimental samples of basis dental plastic depending on surface roughness and polishing method].study the main surface parameters of milled polyacrylic materials using atomic force microscopy and primary microbial adhesion of periodontopathogenic group bacteria and candida albicans fungi taking into consideration the method of sample polishing.201625816509
could gut microbiota serve as prognostic biomarker associated with colorectal cancer patients' survival? a pilot study on relevant mechanism.evidences have shown that dysbiosis could promote the progression of colorectal cancer (crc). however, the association of dysbiosis and prognosis of crc is barely investigated. therefore, we used 16s rrna gene sequencing approach to determine differences in microbiota among tumor tissues of different prognosis and found that fusobacterium nucleatum and bacteroides fragilis were more abundant in worse prognosis groups, while faecalibacterium prausnitzii displayed higher abundance in survival grou ...201627323816
effects of surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass ionomer on oral biofilm formation of streptococcus gordonii.streptococcus gordonii, a bacterium involved in the initial colonization of tooth surfaces, contributes to dental biofilm formation and is an important cause of infective endocarditis. this study aimed to investigate the influence of surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass ionomer (s-prg) filler on oral bacterial growth and aggregation of s. gordonii. the effect of various concentrations of s-prg eluate on the growth and the biofilm formation of s. gordonii and other oral microorganisms (strepto ...201626319990
immunologic characteristics of human gingival fibroblasts in response to oral bacteria.there is ample evidence that gingival fibroblasts (gfs) participate in the immune response to oral bacteria and serve as immune-regulatory cells. the objective of this study was to investigate the innate immune response of gfs to oral bacteria.201627558278
gut microbiota, inflammation, and colorectal cancer.colorectal cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the united states and fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. while cancer is largely considered to be a disease of genetic and environmental factors, increasing evidence has demonstrated a role for the microbiota (the microorganisms associated with the human body) in shaping inflammatory environments and promoting tumor growth and spread. herein, we discuss both human data from meta'omics analyses and dat ...201627607555
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