Publications

biological and biochemical characteristics of fusobacterium necrophorum leukocidin.	the production of a leukocidal exotoxin by 18-hour dialysis cultures of fusobacterium necrophorum was detected in vitro by a cytotoxicity assay, using bovine leukocytes isolated from peripheral blood. biological characteristics were determined while maximizing the in vitro assay. biochemical characteristics of heat stability and stability to degradative enzymes were investigated and indicated that the leukocidin is protein in nature. the characteristics indicate that this leukocidin is different ...	1978	32818
the anticomplementary activity of lipopolysaccharide preparations and sonicates from a strain of fusobacterium nucleatum.		1978	147329
urease-producing species of intestinal anaerobes and their activities.	urease activities of anaerobic bacteria that constituted predominant gut flora were examined. it was demonstrated that some strains of eubacterium aerofaciens, e. lentum, and peptostreptococcus products produced urease. they were the most numerous species in human feces. all strains of bifidobacterium infantis and some strains of bacteroides multiacidus, b. bifidum, clostridium symbiosum, fusobacterium necrophorum, f. varium, lactobacillus fermentum, peptococcus asaccharolyticus, and p. prevotii ...	1979	36839
antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria with special reference to bacteroides fragilis.	it was shown that recent swedish clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria are susceptible to many antibiotics by the agar dilution method with the exception of the bacteroides group versus beta-lactam antibiotics or tetracyclines. strains of b. fragilis were inhibited by 4--greater than 128 micrograms benzylpenicillin or cephalothin/ml, 1.0--64 micrograms cefoxitin/ml, 0.064--2 micrograms clindamycin or metronidazole/ml, 2--8 micrograms chloramphenicol/ml, 2--16 micrograms fusidic acid/ml and 0.0 ...	1979	37593
anaerobic pulmonary infections.	the main cause of anaerobic pulmonary infections is aspiration of saliva, upper airway secretions or gastric content. predisposing conditions include prominent dental disease, chronic upper respiratory tract infections and reduced consciousness. fusobacterium nucleatum, bacteroides melaninogenicus and anaerobic gram-positive cocci are the most frequently encountered organisms. the clinical presentations are lung abscess, lung gangrene and empyema, which all tend to take a slow and indolent cours ...	1979	37594
the predominant cultivable microbiota of the periodontal abscess.		1979	38308
characterization of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli by using rapid slide tests for beta-lactamase production.	a total of 175 isolates of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli were tested for beta-lactamase production by using a slide test modification of the chromogenic cephalosporin (nitrocefin, glaxo, middlesex, england) assay and the iodometric slide test. included isolates were bacteroides melaninogenicus (46), b. fragilis (78), other bacteroides isolates (21), fusobacterium (25), and other gram-negative bacilli (5). both slide tests detected 25 b. melaninogenicus isolates that were beta-lactamase produce ...	1979	41001
rapid diagnosis of anaerobic infections by gas-liquid chromatography.	it was postulated that the short chain fatty acids (scfa) produced by anaerobic bacteria might serve as microbial markers in purulent material. eighteen pus specimens from various sources were analysed by gas-liquid chromatography (glc), and the scfa detected were compared with the microorganisms isolated by conventional methods. it was found that the detection of propionic, isobutyric, butyric, or isovaleric acids by direct glc of pus specimens is strong evidence for anaerobic infection but not ...	1979	41850
sugar inhibition of oral fusobacterium nucleatum haemagglutination and cell binding.		1979	44185
the role of bacteroides melaninogenicus and other anaerobes in periodontal infections.	recent taxonomic and anatomical studies of dental plaque associated with periodontal health and disease have demonstrated that differences in the microbial populations in plaque may be responsible for the initiation and progression of disease. the consistent isolation of large numbers of anaerobic and capnophilic bacteria from the depths of periodontal lesions has suggested an important role for these organisms. bacteria that have been isolated include capnocytophaga (bacteroides ochraceus), oth ...	1979	44923
virulence factors of anaerobic bacteria: summary of the symposium.		1979	44924
serological study of trichloroacetic acid extracts of bacteroides fragilis.	immunodiffusion techniques were used on trichloroacetic acid extracts from 10 strains of bacteroides fragilis in detecting precipitating antibodies against this species in immune rabbit sera. species and even strain specificities were observed in these precipitin reactions. multiple antigens were detected in the extracts from some strains, whereas only one precipitin band per extract developed during agar-gel diffusion tests of others. the antigen extracts were found to be both heat stable and r ...	1979	107193
ultrastructural localisation of lipopolysaccharide-binding sites with peroxidase-conjugated lipopolysaccharides.	the localisation of lipopolysaccharide-binding sites on erythrocytes with peroxidase-coupled lps is described. lps was isolated from fusobacterium nucleatum (fus mc-8) by phenol-water extraction. the lps was coupled to horseradish peroxidase by the two-step method of avrameas and ternynck (1971). the biological and serological activities of the conjugated lps were compared with those of the native material. peroxidase could be coupled to lps without significant loss of endotoxic or serological a ...	1979	107240
attempt to detect bovine antibody against fusobacterium necrophorum by the agar gel double diffusion test.		1979	108443
an animal model of intra-abdominal sepsis.		1979	111347
pediatric osteomyelitis: iii. anaerobic microorganisms.	primary osteomyelitis consequent to obligate anaerobic microorganisms represents an infrequently encountered type of infection in pediatric patients. unlike osteomyelitis caused by more common microorganisms such as staphylococcus, children with osseous lesions due to anaerobic microorganisms are frequently minimally symptomatic and rarely present the classic signs of fulminant osteomyelitis. radiographically, the lesions may mimic malignant osseous tumors. fastidious microbiologic analysis of t ...	1979	119602
haemagglutination inhibition and aggregation of fusobacterium nucleatum by human salivary mucinous glycoproteins.		1979	120169
[aquatic myxobacteria (sporocytophaga cauliformis) and the order "myxobacterales" (author's transl)].	the indicator function of aquatic myxobacteria for the purpose of evaluating drinking water quality as well as their occurrence in sewage effluent make it desirable to describe these hitherto little known organisms in more detail. to this end, a comparative investigation of anaerobic myxobacteria of the genus sphaerocytophaga, two typical representatives of the order myxobacterales (myxococcus fulvus, sporocytophage cauliformis), and a strain ov vitrepscilla (vitroescilla proteolytica) was under ...	1979	120650
human complement activation by lipopolysaccharides from bacteroides oralis, fusobacterium nucleatum, and veillonella parvula.	the properties of different lipopolysaccharide (lps) preparations to induce c3 conversion in human serum was studied by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis. c3 conversion by the alternative pathway was evaluated after calcium depletion, and lipid a-dependent activation was measured by means of inhibition with polymyxin b sulfate. lps from bacteroides oralis converted co mainly via the alternative pathway, whereas lps from fusobacterium nucleatum and veillonella parvula const pronounced lipid ...	1979	121108
endotoxins of anaerobic gram-negative rods.	endotoxic lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from fusobacterium are similar to those of salmonella with respect to chemical composition, o-antigenic specificity and endotoxic activity. bacteroides lps are highly atypical with respect to the chemical composition, and their endotoxic activity is low. o-antigenic specificity is present. b. fragilis lps is chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro and in vivo. the chemotactic activity is brought about by activation of the alternative com ...	1979	88759
o-antigenic cross-reactivity in fusobacterium nucleatum.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) of the same chemotype isolated from seven strains of fusobacterium nucleatum were examined by indirect haemagglutination and inhibition of haemagglutination in unabsorbed and absorbed antisera. four common major antigenic specificities were detected, and two of the lps examined contained antigenic specificities not shared with any of the other lps. in addition, a few weak cross-reactions were observed, also with some lps of other chemotypes.	1979	94236
serologic reactions of oral gram negative anaerobic bacilli.	serological reactions were performed using hyperimmune rabbit antisera and antigenic preparations of leptotrichia buccalis, fusobacterium fusiforme, and fusobacterium polymorphum. all tests indicated that there was serologic cross reactivity between the two fusobacterium species. no cross reactivity could be detected between the fusobacterium species and l. buccalis. the findings suggest that f. fusiform and f. polymorphum are similar in their immunogenicity, and that the grouping of these two o ...	1979	105024
investigation of the immune response to aerobic and anaerobic intestinal bacteria in a patient with crohn's disease.	the immune response to aerobic and anaerobic intestinal bacteria in a patient with crohn's disease with an intestinal fistula was investigated with various serological techniques. two aerobic bacterial species, e. dispar and p. mirabilis, and four strict anaerobic bacterial species, b. fragilis ss. fragilis, f. varium and two different strains of c. perfringens, were isolated from fistula secretion of the patient. these strains were used as antigens for tube agglutination, passive hemagglutinati ...	1979	223235
occurrence of anaerobic bacteria in diseases of the dog and cat.	a survey for anaerobic bacteria was conducted in 314 clinical specimens from dogs and cats. a total of 187 anaerobic isolates in pure and mixed culture were isolated from 111 of the specimens that contained anaerobic bacteria. common isolated included actinomyces (9.1%), clostridium perfringens (19.3%), other clostridium spp (11.2%), peptostreptococcus anaerobius (7.5%), bacteroides melaninogenicus (13.4%), other bacteroides spp (17.6%), and fusobacterium necrophorum (5.3%). anaerobic bacteria w ...	1979	224739
[etiology and immunoprophylaxy problems in sheep foot-rot (author's transl)].		1979	232438
surface ultrastructure of some oral bacteria.	adhesion of streptococcus sanguis, fusobacterium nucleatum and an actinomyces sp. to enamel and epon and their interspecies cohesion was studied with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. for adhesion studies enamel or epon was coated with salivary macromolecules and then cells of s. sanguis and in some experiments also with f. nucleatum or actinomyces sp. cells of s. sanguis were seen scattered over the surface of a thin "pellicle" that was heavily stained, and f. nucleatum and actinom ...	1979	296564
the bacteriology of perimandibular space infections.	the bacteriology of 21 perimandibular clised-space infections was studied prospectively using optimal bacteriological techniques to collect, transport, and process specimens. there was an average of six microbial species per specimen, including approximately four anaerobes and two aerobes. the predominant aerobes were alpha-hemolytic and non-hemolytic streptococci; the predominant anaerobes were peptostreptococci, bacteroides melaninogenicus, and fusobacterium nucleatum. these findings indicate ...	1979	286029
qualitative changes in dental plaque formation related to removable partial dentures.	a study was performed on the microbial composition of dental plaque developing on fifteen abutment teeth in nine partially edentulous subjects. bacteria were counted in samples of plaque which had formed on vestibular surfaces, and on proximal surfaces facing edentulous spaces, during a period when dentures were not worn, and then for a period when dentures were being worn. it was found that the presence of removable partial dentures favoured a proliferation of spiral organisms.	1979	286025
a study of the bacteria associated with advancing periodontitis in man.	samples of apical plaque were taken by means of an anaerobic gas-flushed syringe from 21 sites in eight patients. the samples were anaerobically dispersed, diluted and plated and incubated in an atmosphere of 80% n2, 10% h2 and 10% co2 for 7-21 days. all colonies on plates containing 20-50 isolates were picked, repeatedly restreaked, characterized and identified where possible by a probabilistic computer identification program. the sites were divided into four groups on the basis of clinical fea ...	1979	294457
susceptibility of new zealand isolates to anaerobic bacteria to tinidazole.	minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations (mic, mbc) of tinidazole for 80 new zealand isolates of anaerobic bacteria were determined. growth of 95 percent of the isolates was inhibited by 4 micrograms/ml or less of tinidazole. mbc values were the same as, or one dilution higher than, the mic.	1979	290923
long-term effects of tetracycline on the subgingival microflora.		1979	287678
medium for selective isolation of fusobacterium nucleatum from human periodontal pockets.	a selective medium, cve agar, was developed for the isolation of fusobacterium nucleatum from subgingival plaque of periodontally diseased patients. the medium contained 1.0% trypticase (bbl microbiology systems), 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% nacl, 0.2% glucose, 0.02% l-tryptophan, 1.5% agar, and 5% defibrinated whole sheep blood. erythromycin and crystal violet were added as the selective inhibitory agents at concentrations of 4 and 5 micrograms/ml, respectively. the medium permitted almost total r ...	1979	521483
pathogenic synergism between treponema hyodysenteriae and other selected anaerobes in gnotobiotic pigs.	gnotobiotic pigs were orally exposed to various anaerobes at 6 to 9 days of age and similarly inoculated with treponema hyodysenteriae b204 3 to 6 days later. watery diarrhea and fecal excretion of large quantities of mucus and some fibrin clots were observed 4 to 20 days after inoculation with b204 if other anaerobes were present. colonic lesions characteristic of swine dysentery were observed when b204 was present with fusobacterium necrophorum, three strains of bacteroides vulgatus, a clostri ...	1979	528047
anaerobic isolates in chronic suppurative otitis media.		1979	538681
isolation and characterisation of bacteria from abscesses in the subcutis of cats.	thirty-six closed abcesses in the subcutis of cats were examined. of 168 bacterial strains isolated, 121(72%) were anaerobes and 47 (28%) were facultative anaerobes. twenty-six abscesses contained mixtures of facultative anaerobes and anaerobes, six contained anaerobes only and four contained facultative anaerobes only. bacteriodes was the genus most commonly isolated (28.6% of all isolates) followed by fusobacterium (19.0%) and pasteurella (multocida) (13.1%). peptostreptococcus anaerobius was ...	1979	458840
correlations between leukocidin production and virulence of two isolates of fusobacterium necrophorum.	leukocidin production by fusobacterium necrophorum was suggested to be an important element in the development of intraabdominal and liver abscesses in mice. leukocidin production by cultures of f necrophorum was demonstrated by an in vitro assay. one of two isolates of f necrophorum was demonstrated to produce leukocidin. the leukocidin-producing strain was observed to be more infective than the nonleukocidin-producing strain (as demonstrated by abscess formation following intraperitoneal injec ...	1979	464365
anaerobic septic bursitis.		1979	475191
bacterial colonization, tracheobronchitis, and pneumonia following tracheostomy and long-term intubation in pediatric patients.	serial tracheal cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were obtained from 27 pediatric patients during one year of follow-up. the patients had required tracheostomy and prolonged intubation for periods ranging from 3 to 12 months (average, 7 1/2 months). cultures of tracheal aspirates yielded 1,508 isolates of pathogenic aerobic (969 isolates) and anaerobic (539 isolates) bacteria. the most frequent aerobic isolates were streptococcus pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus. the predominant an ...	1979	477429
[study and differentiation of some hydrolases active on triglycerides and esters, in anaerobic bacteria, using gas liquid chromatography (author's transl)].	anaerobic bacteria are classified using presence or absence of phospholipase and lipase, among other criteria. techniques are described for the qualitative and quantitative detection of bacterial esterases (carboxylic ester hydrolase) and lipases (triacylglycerol acyl hydrolase) endo- or -exocellular, using gas liquid chromatographic method. results with representatives anaerobic species are briefly presented.	1979	539692
the in vitro cytotoxicity of native and modified trichloroacetic acid-extracted antigens from fusobacterium necrophorum for mouse peritoneal macrophages.		1979	548206
[approaches to antibiotic therapy in anaerobic infections].	after a short introduction pointing out the difficulties faced by an italian clinician when he has to apply a correct aetiologic therapy to the non-sporing anaerobe infections, difficulties which are especially due to the lack of an efficient microbiologic support, the a. examines the main infections caused by these bacteria and shows the treatment for each case according to the more recent literature and to his own experience.	1979	553478
in vitro activity of sodium fusidate against anaerobic bacteria.	the microtiter broth dilution method was employed to determine the in vitro susceptibility of 525 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria to sodium fusidate. the minimal inhibitory concentrations of sodium fusidate ranged from </=0.06 to 1.0 mug/ml for 155 strains of anaerobic gram-positive rods and 130 strains of anaerobic gram-positive cocci. minimal inhibitory concentrations ranging from </=0.06 to 32 mug/ml were observed for 240 strains of anaerobic gram-negative rods. among the latte ...	1979	485124
[bacteriological diagnosis of anaerobic infections (author's transl)].	a review on anaerobic bacteria with special reference to their role in human disease and an outline for clinical laboratory practice (collection of the specimens, culture media, isolation, identification, antibiotic sensitivity tests) is presented.	1979	485599
recovery of anaerobic bacteria from pediatric patients. a one-year experience.	during 1975, 115 speciments from the soft tissues, body fluids, and purulent sites in 105 pediatric ward and nursery patients were submitted to the clinical laboratory for anaerobic study, and 75% of the cultures were positive. in most instance specimens were collected in anaerobic transport tubes containing peptone yeast extract and glucose. in the laboratory, samples were processed by the anaerobic holding jar method. nineteen different anaerobic organisms were isolated; the average number of ...	1979	495592
demonstration of lanthionine as a natural constituent of the peptidoglycan of fusobacterium nucleatum.	peptidoglycan was purified from the oral bacterium fusobacterium nucleatum strain fev 1, using boiling sodium dodecyl sulfate and pronase. the composition of this peptidoglycan was found to be similar to that of other gram-negative bacteria, except that it lacked diaminopimelic acid. lanthionine, the monosulfur analog of diaminopimelic acid, was identified as the diaminodicarboxylic acid of this peptidoglycan. it is assumed that lanthionine replaced diaminopimelic acid. thus, the peptidoglycan o ...	1979	500186
metronidazole in the treatment of tropical phagedenic ulcers.	in an uncontrolled preliminary trial, metronidazole administered orally to 30 patients was effective in resoving tropical phagedenic ulcers within a period of one to two weeks. the efficacy of this drug indicates the important role played by fusospirochetes in causing tropical ulcers.	1979	511439
foot rot in sheep.		1979	516357
primary anaerobic peritonitis.		1979	519225
site specific endonuclease from fusobacterium nucleatum.	four different isolates of fusobacterium nucleatum (a,c,d and e) contain restriction endonucleases of differing specificity. whilst many of the endonucleases are isochizomers of known enzymes, two novel activities are fnu dii which recognizes and cleaves the sequence 5'-cgct-3'/3'-gcgc-5' and fnu ei which recognizes and cleaves the sequence 5'-gatc-3'/3'-ctag-5' irrespective of the extent of methylation of the adenine residues.	1979	424284
a restriction enzyme from fusobacterium nucleatum 4h which recognizes gcngc.	a site-specific restriction endonuclease fnu4h i isolated from fusobacterium nucleatum 4h recognizes the dna nucleotide sequence 5'g c n g c-3'/3'-c g n c g-5' and cleaves as indicated by the arrows.	1979	424288
skin and soft tissue polymicrobial infections from intravenous abuse of drugs.	skin and soft tissue infections were studied in 21 seriously ill narcotic addicts who had been admitted to hospital. subcutaneous abscesses were present in 14 patients; cellulitis was noted in 3, pyomyositis in 2 and necrotizing fasciitis in 2. in four patients there was septicemia. infections in 14 patients (66.6 percent) were associated with anaerobic bacteria, which were the exclusive isolates in 6 patients. in seven patients (33.3 percent) isolates were exclusively aerobic bacteria and in ei ...	1979	425502
metronidazole therapy of anaerobic bacteremia, meningitis, and brain abscess.	four patients with bacteroides fragilis bacteremia, one patient with a brain abscess due to bacteroides species, fusobacterium naviforme, and peptostreptococcus species, and an infant with bacteroides species ventriculitis and meningitis were treated with metronidazole. in all cases the anaerobic pathogens were eradicated. five of the six patients recovered. one patient with leukemia in whom b fragilis bacteremia was eradicated by metronidazole treatment subsequently died of pseudomonas aerugino ...	1979	434970
antimicrobial activity of antituberculosis agents against anaerobic bacteria.	anaerobic infections may coexist with tuberculosis, and can be mistaken for one another. the effect of therapy with antituberculosis chemotherapeutic agents against anaerobic bacteria (with the exception of rifampin) is unknown. we therefore examined the in vitro efficacy of certain commonly used antituberculosis agents (rifampin, isoniazid, and ethambutol) against 370 strains of anaerobic bacteria, including 86 isolates of bacteroides fragilis. rifampin at a concentration of 2 microgram/ml inhi ...	1979	436485
immunochemical studies of partially hydrolyzed lipopolysaccharide from fusobacterium nucleatum fev1.	fusobacterium nucleatum fev1 lipopolysaccharide was split by hydrolysis with 1% acetic acid into acid-soluble polysaccharide and lipid a. gel filtration of the polysaccharide on bio-gel p-60 gave a high-molecular-weight fraction eluted with the void volume, and a fraction eluted at 2.4 x vo. the high-molecular-weight fraction contained l-glycero-d-manno-heptose in relatively large amounts, glucose, glucosamine, an unknown amino compound and small amounts of (or no) d-glycero-d-manno-heptose. pho ...	1979	436847
[necrobacteriosis in saigas].		1979	442508
hemolytic activity of fusobacterium necrophorum culture supernatants due to presence of phospholipase a and lysophospholipase.	culture supernatants of fusobacterium necrophorum demonstrated hemolytic activity. the hemolysin(s), which was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, was temperature-dependent and heat labile. the spectrum of hemolytic activity against various erythrocytes included rabbit, human, and dog erythrocytes. goats, sheep, and bovine erythrocytes showed only trace hemolysis. according to results of thin-layer chromatography, the hemolysin hydrolyzed rabbit erythrocyte phosphatidyl choline ...	1979	453690
production of a mutagen from ponceau 3r by a human intestinal anaerobe.	ponceau 3r was reduced in vitro by fusobacterium sp. 2, a human intestinal anaerobe, to a product which is mutagenic when metabolically activated by liver s9 preparations in the salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. this mutagenic metabolite has been identified as 2,4,5-trimethylaniline.	1979	457255
periodontal therapy in humans. i. microbiological and clinical effects of a single course of periodontal scaling and root planing, and of adjunctive tetracycline therapy.	the present results showed that maarked and long-lasting changes in the subgingival microflora associated with periodontal disease could be achieved by a single course of periodontal treatment. immediately following therapy, the total number of subgingival organisms decreased 10- to 100-fold and the proportions of cultivable gram negative organisms and anaerobic organisms generally decreased 3- to 4-fold or more. after treatment, most periodontal pockets were populated by a scant microflora pre ...	1979	385821
[bacteriological aspects of trichomonal vaginitis (author's transl)].	an analysis was made of the vaginal flora of 25 gynaecological patients with acute trichomomal vaginitis, with the view to elucidating the bacteriological situation. eighty-four isolates, an average of 3.4 per patient, were taken and included a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. - obligate anaerobic species, such as bacteriodes and peptostreptococci, with susceptibility to metronidazole were among the predominant pathogens. - the differentiated susceptibility of the most common bacter ...	1979	386649
the effect of divalent cation chelators and magnesium on activation of the alternative complement pathway by fusobacterium polymorphum (nucleatum).		1979	161780
taxonomy, enzymes, and clinical relevance of anaerobic bacteria.	present systems for the classification of anaerobic bacteria have eliminated many of the problems of earlier systems. there are still a number of major problems that require attention, however. anaerobic bacteria produce many different enzymes that are of importance in providing nutrients to the bacterial cell, as virulence factors, and in permitting organisms to colonize or survive under adverse conditions (including exposure to antimicrobial agents). some enzymes effect several types of modifi ...	1979	398577
clindamycin in treatment of aspiration pneumonia in children.	twenty-eight patients with anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections were treated with clindamycin alone or clindamycin with gentamicin. sixteen of the patients presented with pneumonitis, nine with necrotizing pneumonia, and three with lung abscesses. the average length of treatment was 13.8 days, and the duration of temperature after initiation of therapy was 3.1 days. the predominant isolates were anaerobic gram-positive cocci (23 isolates), bacteroides melaninogenicus (14), bacteroides fragilis ( ...	1979	380459
survival of anaerobic bacteria in common laboratory diluents.	the survival of six species of anaerobic bacteria was studied in simple or commercially available diluents. bacteroides fragilis and fusobacterium nucleatum showed excellent survival in all diluents including distilled water. fusobacterium mortiferum survived well in all diluents except water and water supplemented with 0.1% gelatain. clostridium perfringens survived best in phosphate-buffered saline with gelatin. peptococcus asaccharolyticus required gelatin added to the basic diluent, and stre ...	1979	479359
serological responses to antigens of bacteroidaceae.		1979	379575
practical technique for quantitating anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens.	quantitative bacteriology has considerable influence on the care and management of surgical wounds. heretofore, these techniques have been limited to measurements of aerobic bacteria. a technique is reported herein which permits quantitation of obligately anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens. this technique is easily reproduced in any clinical laboratory and eliminates the need for expensive anaerobic chambers.	1979	385618
[microbes of the family bacterioidaceae in human and animal pathology].		1979	388952
bacteria beneath composite restorations--a culturing and histobacteriological study.	the occurrence, viability and identification of the microbial flora under composite fillings using an anaerobic technique were studied. class v cavities were prepared on clinically healthy buccal surfaces of 7 contralateral pairs of premolars in children 11--15 years of age. after preparation, rubber dam was applied and one cavity in each pair of teeth was washed with water blasted dry with air and filled with adaptic. the other cavity was washed with a cavity cleaner (tubulicid) and a cavity li ...	1979	393051
a modified tube method for the cultivation and enumeration of anaerobic bacteria.	a new type of tube (the lee tube) has been developed for use in the cultivation and enumeration of obligate anaerobes. the lee tube is a double-walled, screw-capped tube which allows the formation of a thin cylinder of agar medium between the two walls. anaerobiosis is achieved through deoxygenation of the deep cylinder of agar during sterilization, a minimum of head space, and use of a reducing agent to absorb oxygen introduced during the inoculation procedure. for several species of clostridiu ...	1979	396020
[common oral bacteria as the causative agent in periodontal diseases--immunological studies].		1979	397900
capnocytophaga: new genus of gram-negative gliding bacteria. iii. physiological characterization.	sixty-eight strains of capnophilic fusiform gram-negative rods from the human oral cavity were subjected to extensive physiologic characterization, tested for susceptibility to various antibiotics, and the mol-percent guanine plus cytosine of each isolate determined. the characteristics of the isolates were compared with 10 fresh and 2 stock isolates of fusobacterium nucleatum. the isolates clearly differed from the fusobacterium species on the basis of mol-percent guanine plus cytosine, end pro ...	1979	518236
antibody response to anaerobic bacteria.	anaerobes, especially the gram-negative non-spore-forming bacilli of the indigenous biota, are recognized as important agents of clinical infection; however, information regarding human antibodies to anaerobes is limited. sporadic work, employing agglutination, gel diffusion, passive hemagglutination, and immunofluorescence, demonstrated antibody response to various bacteroidaceae in patients with infections caused by bacteroides or fusobacterium. because of the need for using homologous (autolo ...	1979	398579
biological activity of lipopolysaccharides isolated from bacteria in human periodontal lesions.		1979	398754
the carbon dioxide requirements of anaerobic bacteria.	some clinically significant anaerobic bacteria were incubated in pure culture in anaerobic jars containing a range of atmospheric concentrations of co2. growth of clostridium perfringens, c. sporogenes and c. septicum was independent of the amount of co2. small supplements of co2 (0.25%) allowed good growth of the majority of anaerobes studied--an observation contrary to established teaching. the exceptions were fusobacterium necrophorum which showed an absolute requirement for co2 of at least 1 ...	1980	6107383
a scheme for the identification of clinical isolates of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli by conventional bacteriological tests.	more than 1000 strains of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, including reference strains, clinical isolates, and members of the normal flora of the mouth, lower gastro-intestinal tract and vagina of healthy human subjects, were studied by conventional bacteriological methods and by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of metabolic products in a series of investigations. a short combined set of tests with particular discriminant value was selected, and a scheme for the identification of the species ...	1980	6103963
evaluation of the api zym system for identification of bacteroides and fusobacterium species.	the api zym patterns of 97 bacteroides and 25 fusobacterium strains were examined. the system discriminated between b. asaccharolyticus, b. melaninogenicus ss. melaninogenicus, and b. melaninogenicus ss. melaninogenicus, but not between other bacteroides species or between species of fusobacterium. the results provided new information on the enzymatic activity of these groups of bacteria.	1980	6105615
the isolation and identification of bacteroides spp. from the normal human gingival flora.	gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were isolated on an enriched selective medium from specimens of subgingival plaque from 20 normal, healthy adults without periodontal disease. a heavy growth of bacteroides and fusobacterium spp. was obtained from all specimens and 10 representative colonies from each subject were selected for identification by conventional bacteriological methods. results were obtained in these tests with 188 isolates; some strains of the b. melaninogenicus/oralis group would not ...	1980	6102159
neutrophil chemotaxis induced by anaerobic bacteria isolated from necrotic dental pulps.	anaerobic bacteria belonging to the species bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides asaccharolyticus, fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus anaerobius and eubacterium alactolyticum, isolated from necrotic dental pulps, were tested for their capacity to induce neutrophil leukocyte chemotaxis. generation of chemotactic factors in serum by whole bacterial cells and chemotaxis induced by bacterial extracts were studied in vitro by the boyden technique. subcutaneously implanted wound chambers ...	1980	6103573
the effect of intensive antibacterial therapy on the sulcular environment in monkeys. part i. changes in the bacteriology of the gingival sulcus.	the changes induced in the bacteriology of the gingival sulcus were evaluated as part of a study considering the keratinizing potential of the sulcular epithelium when bacterial plaque was essentially eliminated. two rhesus monkeys were scaled and placed on a daily therapeutic regimen which included a prophylaxis, systemic tetracycline, and topical chlorhexidine. over the 40 day experimental period and 74 days post-therapy, subgingival plaque samples were taken periodically. the plaque samples w ...	1980	6102117
modulation of the rats' immune status by monoassociation with anaerobic bacteria.	the capacity of a pure culture of anaerobic intestinal bacteria to influence the host's cellular and humoral immune systems was investigated with germfree, monoassociated, and conventionally reared rats. monoassociation of germfree rats with bacteroides fragilis stimulated the production of serum gamma globulin, agglutinating antibodies, and an apparent igg (immunoelectrophoresis) band. a comparison of the in vitro blastogenic potential of lymphocytes (spleen cells and mesenteric lymph node cell ...	1980	6161685
lipopolysacharides from anaerobic gram-negative rods.	the chemical composition and antigenic specificity of the cell wall lipopolysaccharides of the two main groups of bacteroidaceae, fusobacterium and bacteroides species, are reviewed. cell wall lipopolysaccharides from fusobacterium species contain 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate and heptose, but lipopolysaccharides isolated from bacteroides species do not.	1980	6161085
comparison of moxalactam (ly127935) and cefotaxime against anaerobic bacteria.	the in vitro activities of moxalactam (ly127935 [6059s]) and cefotaxime were compared with those of cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefuroxime, carbenicillin, and penicillin by agar dilution susceptibility testing of a variety of anaerobic bacteria. moxalactam proved to be the most active agent tested against bacteroides fragilis and other species of the b. fragilis group. moxalactam and cefotaxime showed activity similar to the other drugs against the remaining species of bacteroides, fusobacterium, ac ...	1980	6249198
induction of epstein-barr virus antigens in human lymphoblastoid p3hr-1 cells with culture fluid of fusobacterium nucleatum.	epstein-barr virus-associated early antigen and viral capsid antigen were efficiently induced in human lymphoblastoid p3hr-1 cells with culture fluid of fusobacterium nucleatum, a member of the indigenous microbial flora of the human host. this finding may suggest a new approach to assess the possible role of the "cofactor(s)" in the etiology of epstein-barr virus-related diseases.	1980	6258779
[in vitro activity of the oxa-beta-lactam ly 127935 against bacteroides fragilis and other anaerobic gram-negative rods (author's transl)].	the susceptibility of 115 bacteroidaceae strains to ly 127935 was determined by broth dilution, agar dilution and agar diffusion tests. simultaneously, the strains were tested for degradation of the oxa-beta-lactam. only five strains (3 bacteroides fragilis and 3 bacteroides oralis/bacteroides bivius) partially degraded ly 127935. no major discrepancies between the results of the agar dilution and broth dilution tests were observed. according to the results obtained by the agar dilution method, ...	1980	6447673
[antibacterial activity of cefoperazone against anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)].	the following results were obtained from the comparison of cefoperazone (cpz) with cefazolin (cez), cephalothin (cet) and cefoxitin (cfx) in respect to their antibacterial action against anaerobic bacteria: 1) cpz showed an antibacterial spectrum which was comparable to those of the known antibiotics, cez, cet and cfx. cpz was particularly effective against anaerobic gram-positive bacteria. 2) cpz showed a distribution of susceptibility against clinically isolated strains which was comparable to ...	1980	6454011
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to cefoperazone and other beta-lactam antibiotics.	the in vitro activity of cefoperazone was tested against 155 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and compared to that of cefoxitin, ly127935 (moxalactam), cefotaxime, cefamandole, and cephalothin. against the bacteroides fragilis group, the compound was as active as ly127935, but less active than cefoxitin. cefotaxime was less active than cefoperazone, cefoxitin, and ly127935. cefoperazone, as well as cefoxitin, ly127935, and cefotaxime, exhibited excellent activity against all other anaerob ...	1980	6446396
susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria to cefoperazone and other antibiotics.	two hundred fifty clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria were tested for suceptibility to cefoperazone, cefamandole, cefoxitin, carbenicillin, clindamycin, and chloramphenicol. anaerobic gram-positive cocci were susceptible to all of the antibiotics tested. clindamycin was the most active agent against bacteroides species, followed by chloramphenicol and then cefoxitin. cefoperazone was less active than cefoxitin and equal in activity to carbenicillin. cefamandole was the least active antibioti ...	1980	6447475
[metronidazole sensitivity of anaerobes. a comparison with other chemotherapeutics (author's transl)].	in comparative in vitro studies, broad spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins showed a relatively weak action in the range of beta-lactamase-positive bacteroides species (b. fragilis, b. thetaiotamicron) bacteroidaceae activity being otherwise good. clindamycin was more effective against bacteroides species than against bacteria of the fusobacterium-sphaerophorus group. metronidazole, however, showed no gap in its efficacy against bacteroidaceae, peptococcaceae and clostridium spp. with the exc ...	1980	6771559
immune response in rats against lipopolysaccharides of fusobacterium nucleatum and bacteroides oralis administered in the root canal.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) prepared from one strain of fusobacterium nucleatum and one strain of bacteroides oralis were examined for immunological responses in rats. the lps were applied to the pulp chamber of the two mandibular incisors. using the plaque forming cell (pfc) method both antigens showed a rapid igm response in the spleen, and a slower one in the submandibular lymph nodes. in comparison with the igm response, the igg response was somewhat slower and weaker for lps of bacteroides, w ...	1980	6929559
[anaerobic bacteria in periodontal diseases].		1980	6931087
[human necrobacillosis].		1980	7004838
aspects of anaerobic infections in animals.	the recent literature on clostridial infections of animals and infections due to gram-negative anaerobic rods is reviewed. it is stressed that quite recently the literature is concerned with animal models for the evaluation and study of the chemotherapy, immunity mechanisms and pathogenesis of fusobacterium and bacteroides infections in animals came into being.	1980	7005090
endotoxins of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria.	the author reviews the data available on endotoxins of fusobacterium, sphaerophorus, leptotrichia, and veillonella species, and reports his own findings with lipopolysaccharides extracted from bacteroides fragilis strains by the trichloroacetic acid method. the latter extracts showed a very low toxicity for mice after i.v. injection of dosages of less than or equal to 500 micrograms and a slight leucopenic effect in mice after intraperitoneal injection of 50 micrograms.	1980	7005091
comparison of the predominant cultivable microflora in the dental plaque of macaca mulatta (rhesus) and macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus).	the predominant cultivable bacteria in the supra-gingival plaque of old world monkeys were similar to those in human plaque. a significant interanimal species difference was observed in the absolute and relative concentration of specific microbial populations. streptococcus mutans serotype c was found primarily in rhesus plaque and serotype e in cynomolgus plaque.	1980	6932418
infective endocarditis caused by gram-negative bacteria: a review of the literature, 1945-1977.		1980	6986059
[anti-lps (endotoxin) antibodies in sera of patients with periodontal disease (author's transl)].		1980	7014737
bone resorption stimulated by lipopolysaccharides from bacteroides, fusobacterium and veillonella, and by the lipid a and the polysaccharide part of fusobacterium lipopolysaccharide.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from oral strains of veillonella, fusobacterium and bacteroides stimulated the release of 45ca from prelabeled fetal rat bones in culture. there was a typical dose-response relationship between the quantities of released 45ca and lps used for stimulation. bacteroides-lps proved to be the less active inducer of 45ca release. lps had no stimulating effect on the release of 45ca from devitalized bone. the stimulated 45ca release was paralleled by an increase in th ...	1980	7017892
[saprophytic and opportunistic non spore-forming anaerobic microflora of the vagina (author's transl)].	a microbiological survey has been carried out on 179 healthy, child-bearing aged, non-pregnant women, with the aim to evaluate the incidence of anaerobic non-spore forming bacteria in the normal vaginal flora. this group of bacteria has been isolated in 50.3% of women, with a clear prevalence of "anaerobic streptococci " and bacteroides, followed by fusobacterium and veillonella. no propionibacterium, eubacterium or bifidobacterium have been isolated. according to many authors the non-spore form ...	1980	7018415
introduction of anaerobic methodology into a clinical microbiological laboratory.	for the successful introduction of anaerobic methodology into a clinical microbiological laboratory, several factors are very important. these include: 1) laboratory; 2) establishment of skilful technicians and adequate equipment; and 3) communication with clinicians who believe in anaerobes as infectious agents and are interested in working with the microbiologist. the beneficial effects of these factors on a laboratory's efficiency in providing an anaerobic service are demonstrated by the foll ...	1980	7005099
the identification of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli isolated from clinical infections.	gram-negative anaerobic bacilli isolated from specimens submitted to the routine diagnostic bacteriology laboratory and regarded as significant pathogens were identified by conventional bacteriological tests; 399 strains isolated from 356 specimens submitted from 332 patients were studied and most were readily identified by the results of a combined set of morphological, biochemical, tolerance and antibiotic disk resistance tests; b. fragilis has particular pathogenic potential and was the commo ...	1980	6987300
agglutination of human erythrocytes by fusobacterium nucleatum: factors influencing hemagglutination and some characteristics of the agglutinin.	various aspects of agglutination of human erythrocytes by fusobacterium nucleatum were examined. titration experiments done in buffered saline at ph 6 to 10 showed the same agglutination endpoint. the presence of high concentrations of nacl in reaction mixtures did not alter titers, but kcl in concentrations of 0.5 to 3.6 m increased titers twofold. the agglutinin was inactivated by heat, acid, alkali, 5% formalin, and the proteolytic enzyme subtilopeptidase a and therefore appeared to be a prot ...	1980	6995428