Publications

characterization of different forms of the androgen receptor.	three forms of the androgen receptor have been characterized at high ionic strength in partially purified cytosol and nuclear fractions of rat ventral prostate, epididymis, testis, and seminal vesicle by ion exchange chromatography on phosphocellulose, gel filtration in sephadex g-200, and sedimentation in sucrose gradients. the three forms have the following properties, respectively: elution from phosphocellulose at 0.15--0.20, 0.3--0.5, and 0.20--0.32 m kcl; gel filtration radii of 53, 36, and ...	1979	499078
microorganisms seen by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in legionnaires' disease from human lung.	in addition to several anomalous structures, other general forms of definitely rod-shaped microorganisms have been found by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in the lung tissue taken at autopsy from a patient who succumbed to confirmed legionnaires' disease with extensive necrotizing lobar pneumonia. the microorganisms were greatly varied in size and shape. they were micrographed in the act of fission. these forms have been found to some extent throughout the tissue. no nickel was de ...	1979	499405
[serological reactivity of healthy and ill people in relation to antigens from bacteroides-serotypes (author's transl)].	we investigated sera of healthy and ill people with different diagnoses to their reactivity against antigens isolated from six serotypes a--e2 (subspecies) of bacteroides fragilis in indirect hemagglutination tests. these investigations were conducted partly in poland and partly in the netherlands. - in many cases antibodies towards several serotypes of bacteroides fragilis were present in the healthy. in the netherlands we found antibodies towards serotypes c and e2; in poland serotypes d and e ...	1979	506560
in vitro activity of ly127935.	the activity of ly127935, a beta-lactam antibiotic of novel structure, was studied in vitro against facultative gram-negative bacilli, staphylococcus aureus, and bacteroides fragilis. the strains were recent clinical isolates, many of which were relatively resistant to other antibiotics. ly127935 exhibited striking activity against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter sp., proteus sp., serratia marcescens, and b. fragilis with median minimum inhibitory concentrations of less tha ...	1979	507785
ly127935, a novel oxa-beta-lactam: an in vitro comparison with other beta-lactam antibiotics.	the in vitro activities of ly127935 (ly) were compared with those of other beta-lactam antibiotics. ly was highly active (minimal inhibitory concentration [mic] range 0.06 to 0.25 micrograms/ml) against the common enterobacteriaceae (including providencia stuartiia, enterobacter, and serrati marcescens), 8 to 16 times more active than cefoxitin, cefuroxime, or cefazolin, and from one-half to one-eighth as active as cefotaxime (hr756). the activity of ly against pseudomonas aeruginosa (with mics ...	1979	507788
bacteroides fragilis in acute salpingitis.	the bacteriology of acute salpingitis was studied in 87 patients. gonococci were recovered from 18 patients. lower yields of bacteria were isolated in the peritoneal fluid than from the vaginal cultures, and a poor correlation was observed between the peritoneal fluid and vaginal cultures. anaerobic bacteria dominated in both sites. staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria, peptostreptococci, peptococci, lactobacilli and bacteroides normally present in the vagina were the predominant isolates ...	1979	511341
obligate anaerobes in clinical veterinary practice.	clinical specimens obtained from domestic animals were examined to determine the relative prevalence of obligate anaerobic bacteria and the species represented. of 3,167 samples cultured anaerobically as well as aerobically, 2,234 were bacteriologically positive. of these positive samples, 583 (26%) contained species of obligate anaerobic bacteria in a total of 641 isolates. most positive samples contained anaerobes admixed with aerobic species, although 6% of such samples yielded pure cultures ...	1979	511987
the lipid composition of rat brain aggregating cell cultures during development.	the lipid and fatty acid composition of rat brain was studied during its development both in vivo and in an aggregating cell culture system. although the amount of lipid present in the cultures was very low, the increase in glycolipid content corresponded closely to the period of intense myelin formation. very long chain fatty acids (hydroxylated and unsubstituted) were present in 41-day cultures. in comparison to the in vivo situation, myelination was delayed in vitro and, after 40 days in cult ...	1979	514541
a fatal case of wesselsbron disease in a dog.		1979	516330
collaborative evaluation of a proposed reference dilution method of susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria.	an agar dilution method for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria was evaluated to determine whether results obtained would be consistent enough to recommend it as a reference method. the study was conducted in 10 laboratories where the minimum inhibitory concentrations of six antibiotics (carbenicillin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, penicillin g, and tetracycline) were determined against 10 bacterial strains on wilkins-chalgren agar prepared by three manufacturers. minimum inh ...	1979	518079
in vitro activity of ly127935.	ly127935 is a unique new beta-lactam antibiotic. its activity against 536 clinical isolates was studied by using microdilution methods of susceptibility testing and compared with the activities of cefamandole, cefoxitin, and cephalothin. the lowest concentrations required to inhibit at least 90% of strains tested (mic(90)s) of ly127935 for staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, and streptococcus pneumoniae ranged from 2 to 8 mug/ml. the mic(90)s for other staphy ...	1979	518080
bacteroides infection in fibroids during the puerperium.		1979	519275
susceptibility of aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative rods to cefoxitin and related compounds.		1979	521267
inactivation of neurohypophysial hormone release in the rat by substitution of saline solution for drinking water [proceedings].		1979	522005
studies on selective induction of lysosomal enzyme activities in mouse peritoneal macrophages.		1979	522087
interactions of folch-lees proteolipid apoprotein with planar lipid bilayers.	water-soluble folch-lees proteolipid apoprotein from bovine cns white matter induces a voltage-dependent conductance in black lipid membranes. na+ is required for the induced conductance change but the established conductance has very low ionic selectivity. the induced conductance fluctuates with a minimum amplitude of 10(-11)--10(-10) mho. the magnitude of the conductivity change is dependent on protein concentration and on the composition of lipid bilayers. at a fixed voltage the induced condu ...	1979	522128
[problems of the disease due to mycobacteria other than tubercle bacilli: surgical treatment and indication (author's transl)].		1979	522352
chemotaxis or migration inhibition of rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes caused by chemoattractants at various concentrations.	purified lipopolysaccharide (lps) from veillonella incubated in normal rabbit serum was tested for chemotactic activity on rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) in modified boyden chambers. in doses above those giving optimal response (over-optimal dose), a decrease of the pmn migration activity was found. this decrease also correlated well with an increase in the migration inhibition of the pmns as demonstrated with the capillary tube assay. the pmn chemotactic factor isolated from lps-ind ...	1979	525354
inactivation of cephalosporins by bacteroides.	we investigated the relationship between beta-lactamases of bacteroides fragilis organisms and their resistance to cephalosporins. timed killing curves were used to study the in vitro activity of three cephalosporins, cephalothin, cefazolin, and cefamandole, and a semisynthetic cephamycin, cefoxitin. measurements of residual antibiotic concentrations in culture supernatants were made, and they were compared with the beta-lactamase activity of the microorganism. a cephalosporin-susceptible strain ...	1979	525995
variability in the susceptibility pattern of bacteroides fragilis in four detroit area hospitals.	recent clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis selected at random from four detroit area hospitals were collected over a 3-month period, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined within several days. the levels of antimicrobial agents used in this survey breached the concentration attainable in the patient's serum. the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of these isolates to five antimicrobial agents suggest that there is a 20% variation in the resistance to clindamycin and a ...	1979	526009
protective efficacy of immunization with capsular antigen against experimental infection with bacteroides fragilis.	the protective efficacy afforded by immunization with the capsular antigen of bacteroides fragilis against abscess formation and bacteremia due to this organism was studied in an experimental rat model of intraabdominal sepsis. of unimmunized animals, animals immunized with methylated bovine serum albumin and complete freund's adjuvant, and animals immunized with lipopolysaccharide of bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, greater than 90% developed abscesses when challenged intraperitoneally with strain ...	1979	528789
diffusion of anions and cations in the extracellular micro-environment of the brain [proceedings].		1979	529139
synthesis of alpha-ketoglutarate by reductive carboxylation of succinate in veillonella, selenomonas, and bacteriodes species.	evidence for reductive carboxylation of succinate to synthesize alpha-ketoglutarate was sought in anaerobic heterotrophs from the rumen and from other anaerobic habitats. cultures were grown in media containing unlabeled energy substrates plus [14c]succinate, and synthesis of cellular glutamate with a much higher specific activity than that of cellular asparate was taken as evidence for alpha-ketoglutarate synthase activity. our results indicate alpha-ketoglutarate synthase functions in selenomo ...	1979	533772
[microionophoretic study of the mechanism of action of gamma-hydroxybutyrate].	the effect of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (ghba) on the extracellularly registered spontaneous electrical activity of nervous cells of the rabbit brain sensomotor cortex was studied using the microionophoretic technique. ghba decreased the frequency of action potential in the majority of the neurons studied. a specific gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) blocking agent bicuculline prevented gbha inhibitory effect. ghba is suggested to interact with central gaba-receptors. the frequency of discharges in ...	1979	540145
[clindamycin levels in the cervical mucus after intramuscular administration of the drug (author's transl)].	female genital tract is a major area of anaerobic infections. clindamycin has been used as a highly active antibiotic against both gram positive and negative anaerobic pathogens including bacteroides fragilis. concentration of clindamycin in cervical mucus has been tested in 30 women after administration of one single dose (600 mg) of the antibiotic intramuscularly. antibiotic levels were tested by agar diffusion method employing a strain of alpha-hemolytic streptococcus. levels of clindamycin i ...	1979	541482
organochlorinated pesticides in the argentine antarctic sector and atlantic coastline waters.	the presence of organochlorinated pesticides in water samples drawn in the argentine antarctic sector and atlantic coastline has been proved. in general, these samples showed quantities that varied between a few hundredths of a ppmm to slightly more than 1 ppmm, although in some cases and for certain pesticides, depending on the locations, the levels found were definitely higher. with the exception of dieldrin, which appeared in only one sample/in what would seem to be its course few hundredths ...	1979	546680
induction of tk polyagglutination by bacteroides fragilis culture supernatants. associated modifications of a b h and i i antigens.	tk transformed red blood cells were obtained in vitro by treatment with supernatants from cultures of three different bacteroides fragilis strains. the reactions of these cells with ab sera show that tk is different from other known types of polyagglutination. beside the already known modifications of a b h antigens, we found that tk activated cells have an important modification of i and i antigens: both are reduced, and can even be completely destroyed.	1979	547352
surface antigens as virulence factors in infection with bacteroides fragilis.	organisms of the genus bacteroides represent the major group of obligate anaerobes involved in human infections. bacteroides usually cause either bacteremia or localized abscesses. of the numerous species of bacteroides, bacteroides fragilis is the single most frequent clinical isolate. b. fragilis and bacteroides melaninogenicus have chemically incomplete lipopolysaccharides as compared with the lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) of aerobic bacteria, and the lipopolysaccharides of bacteroides lac ...	1979	549184
the chemotactic effect of bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide.	the atypical bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide is chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. the chemotactic activity is mediated by complement activated through the alternative pathway. this mediator has been isolated. it is a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 16,000 and is most likely the complement component c5a.	1979	549186
participation of immunoglobulin and the alternative complement pathway in opsonization of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	studies were conducted to determine the requirements for immunoglobulin and complement in opsonization of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. the ability of human sera depleted of immunoglobulin or of components of complement to promote the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of the two strains of bacteroides by human leukocytes was measured in vitro under anaerobic conditions. neither hypogammaglobulinemic sera nor pooled normal human serum that was heated at 56 c for 30 ...	1979	549187
[schistosomiosis infection produced by human and wild strains from the rio paraiba do sul valley sp (brazil), in isogeneic mice].		1979	549223
hippocampal afterdischarges and their post-ictal sequelae in rats: a potential tool for assessment of cns neurotoxicity.	two types of ad and post-ad sequences are described. type 1, which were most common (83%), are followed by a profound post-ictal depression (pid). pids can be quantitatively measured by integrating the eeg. the post-ictal eeg power normally returned to 75% of its prestimulation power within 4-5 min. pids are usually interrupted by a brief rebound ad, occurring about 1.5 min after the end of the ad. wet dog shakes (wdss) often punctuate the end of the ad and the end of the rebound ad. type ii ads ...	1979	551303
neck and macular labyrinthine influences on the purkinje cells of the cerebellar vermis.		1979	551449
composition and ecology of the human intestinal flora.	longitudinal quantitative cultures of fecal flora of 20 newborns, 4 older babies and 10 healthy adults were carried out to study the composition and development of the intestinal flora. in all newborns the same sequence of colonization was observed. the numbers of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria fluctuated and reached finally numbers of 10(10)/g wet weight. in adults the flora was in balance with 10(5)-10(7) aerobic and 10(10)-10(11) anaerobic bacteria/g wet weight. interaction experiments in vit ...	1979	552810
antibiotic sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria.	antibiotic sensitivity tests on most anaerobic organisms isolated from a given patient are seldom of use to that individual. this is because both isolation and sensitivity testing of this group of bacteria take so long. it is thus vital that the microbiologist should be able to supply to the clinician the cumulated results of past experience, ideally his own, but if not, then the experience of others, taking into account geographical variations whenever possible. because of the possibility of ge ...	1979	553477
[applications of gas chromatography in the diagnosis of anaerobic infections].	the isolation and identification of anaerobic bacteria by biochemical tests take long time, so it is very useful the gas-chromatography to detect the volatile fatty acids produced from their metabolism. this technique can give rapidly a presumptive diagnosis of anaerobic infection so that it is possible to start immediately a correct antibiotic therapy. in this study we have examined many samples of pus and exudate, and the results have been compared with those obtained from the culture. we have ...	1979	553479
[cefuroxime. pharmacokinetic aspects in man after intravenous administration under different conditions].		1979	554803
bacteriology and therapy of lung abscess in children.	the bacteriology and clinical findings of ten pediatric patients with lung abscess are presented. bacteriologic data were based on percutaneous transtracheal aspiration obtained before initiation of antimicrobial therapy. anaerobic bacteria were present in all ten patients; in nine they were mixed with aerobic bacteria. the most frequent isolates were peptostreptococcus (8), peptococcus (5), bacteroides melaninogenicus (6), and bacteroides fragilis (3). the aerobic isolates most frequently recov ...	1979	758385
bacteroides fragilis and hr 756.		1979	762000
septicemia in children with cancer.	because of the persistently high mortality from sepsis in cancer patients, a retrospective study was designed to identify the causative organisms and to determine the factors affecting the outcome of sepsis. a total of 84 episodes of septicemia in 61 children with cancer were studied. the more frequently isolated organisms were: staphylococcus aureus (21.4%); escherichia coli (18%); klebsiella (7.1%); pseudomonas (6%); and bacteroides fragilis (6%). other isolates included proteus, serratia, aci ...	1979	371000
analysis of human lymphocyte subpopulations responsible for antibody-dependent and spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity.		1979	313102
[antibacterial activity of sulfobenzylpenicillin against anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)].		1979	313459
susceptibility to cefazedone and cefazolin and production of beta-lactamase in in bacteroides fragilis and other species of bacteroidaceae.		1979	314805
ly-127935: a novel beta-lactam antibiotic with unusual antibacterial activity.	the in vitro activity of ly-127935, a new beta-lactam antibiotic, was examined by using 370 clinical bacterial strains. in comparison with several other beta-lactam agents, ly-127935 was the most inhibitory against the enterobacteriaceae. it was remarkably active against multi-drug-resistant strains of enterobacter spp., serratia spp., and pseudomonas aeruginosa. ly-127935 had four- to eightfold greater activity than did cefoxitin against bacteroides fragilis. production of beta-lactamase by ent ...	1979	315753
penetration of cephalothin and cefoxitin into experimental infections with bacteroides fragilis.	the in vitro activities of cephalothin and cefoxitin against bacteroides fragilis were studied by time-kill curves and measurement of residual drugs in culture supernatants. cefoxitin was bactericidal, causing a decrease of 10(7) in viable counts over 24 hr. cephalothin caused an initial decrease of 10(2) b. fragilis at 2 hr; this change was followed by growth of the organism within 24 hr back to the number present before addition of cephalothin. the concentration of cephalothin in broth decreas ...	1979	318211
cefoxitin therapy for bacterial endocarditis.	of 22 patients who were suspected of having bacterial endocarditis and who were treated with cefoxitin intravenously (8-12 g per day), 12 were evaluated for responses to therapy. ten patients had infections due to a single pathogen, and two had polymicrobial infections. staphylococci were isolated from eight patients, and streptococci from four; both of these pathogens were susceptible to 2-16 micrograms of cefoxitin/ml. staphylococcus aureus and four strains of anaerobic bacteria, including bac ...	1979	318219
the fetid foot: lower-extremity infections in patients with diabetes mellitus.	infections of the lower extremities in patients with diabetes mellitus have been attributed to staphylococcus aureus and other facultatively anaerobic bacteria. however, a review of 30 consecutive diabetics who required surgery for lower-extremity infections revealed that 17 had mixed infections due to both obligate and facultative anaerobes; only six had infections due to s. aureus. mixed infections often had characteristics of anaerobic suppuration and responded poorly to therapy. patients wit ...	1979	318225
in vitro activity of cefoxitin and parenterally administered cephalosporins against anaerobic bacteria.	the in vitro activity of cefoxitin against 221 recent isolates of anaerobic bacteria was compared with that of cefamandole and cefuroxime by the agar dilution technique. at achievable serum levels of 32 micrograms/ml, all three drugs were active against most groups of anaerobic bacteria tested. cefoxitin was active against most strains of the bacteroides fragilis group, whereas cefamandole and cefuroxime were relatively ineffective. cefoxitin was least active against clostridium species other th ...	1979	318226
letter: retroperitoneal paraganglioma.		1979	1145918
the transition in frequency of y chromatin in males during the neonatal period.	the frequency of y chromatin, visualized as fluorescent bodies in cell nuclei from lymphocytes in blood smears, was significantly less in newborn males than in three-month-old male infants and adults. the frequency of y chromatin-positive cells on day 0 was 36.16 +/- 9.11% and then increased daily. at one month after birth the frequency was 55.07 +/- 9.29%, which was not significantly different from that in adult males (57.08 +/- 5.97%).	1979	352906
the effect of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lrh) on pituitary gonadotropins in male homosexuals.	basal serum lh and fsh values were found to be within normal limits in 9 homosexual men. the mean lh and fsh responses following the intravenous administration of 100 microgram of lrh were not significantly different from that of heterosexual controls. in addition, the mean basal plasma serum testosterone was similar in the two groups. there is thus no definite implication of endocrine factors in the genesis of male homosexuality.	1979	352888
the improvement of health education in nassau county.		1979	273153
coronary heart disease and stroke death in south carolina: geographical differences.		1979	273126
prolonged meningeal leukemia. occurrence during hematologic remission of acute myeloblastic leukemia.		1979	273113
[slightly myelodepressive drugs in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the adult].		1979	352781
ethnic and racial relationships and supernumerary teeth in the primary dentition.		1979	275382
drug-induced liver disease.	the large number of chemical agents administered for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes can produce various types of hepatic injury by several mechanism. acute injury may be cytotoxic, cholestatic or mixed. cytotoxic injury may consist of necrosis or steatosis. cholestatic injury may be cholangiolitic (hepatocanalicular) or bland (canalicular). chronic hepatic lesions caused by medicinal agents include chronic active hepatitis, steatosis, cirrhosis, fibrosis, hepatoportal sclerosis (non-cirrhoti ...	1979	352664
excitation in vertebrate retinal rods.		1979	218309
[extensive scalp injuries].		1979	352644
multiple leukemic clones in acute leukemia of childhood.	two abnormal karyotypes representing clonal populations have been demonstrated in three patients in the early stage of acute leukemia. the karyotypes were apparently unrelated in one patient, while in the other two, a relationship was conjectured. both clones were present before therapy in two patients. although a clone resistant to therapy was associated with relapse in one case, in two cases a clone has persisted in the lymphocyte culture during drug treatment with the patients in remission.	1979	273006
[vladimir levanovich menabde (on his 80th birthday)].		1979	352807
treatment of the incompletely formed tooth.		1979	275360
[new capitonnage technic in pulmonary echinococcectomy].		1979	352846
endodontics and the overdenture.		1979	275366
the isolation and identification of bacteroides spp. from the normal human faecal flora.	gram-negative anaerobic bacilli of the bacteroides group were isolated on an enriched selective medium from specimens of faeces from 20 normal healthy adults and identified by conventional bacteriological methods. a heavy growth of bacteroides spp. was obtained from all specimens and 10 representative colonies from each subject were identified. most isolates (84%) belonged to the b. fragilis group. the commonest species identified in this group were b vulgatus and b. thetaiotaomicron (22% each), ...	1980	6102157
the isolation and identification of bacteroides ssp. from the normal human vaginal flora.	the occurrence of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli in the normal vaginal flora was studied in 20 normal healthy women attending a family-planning clinic. a swab was taken from the cervix and posterior fornix and bacteroides spp. were isolated on a selective medium from 13 (65%) subjects. a heavy growth of bacteroides was obtained from 11 specimens but only a few colonies were isolated from two specimens. where possible, 10 representative colonies from each subject were studied and 113 isolates we ...	1980	6102158
the isolation and identification of bacteroides spp. from the normal human gingival flora.	gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were isolated on an enriched selective medium from specimens of subgingival plaque from 20 normal, healthy adults without periodontal disease. a heavy growth of bacteroides and fusobacterium spp. was obtained from all specimens and 10 representative colonies from each subject were selected for identification by conventional bacteriological methods. results were obtained in these tests with 188 isolates; some strains of the b. melaninogenicus/oralis group would not ...	1980	6102159
bacterial synergy in mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections.		1980	6102668
bacterial synergy in mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections.		1980	6102719
opsonization of four bacteroides species: role of the classical complement pathway and immunoglobulin.	previous investigators have suggested that opsonization of two bacteroides species is mediated exclusively by the alternative complement pathway and requires immunoglobulins. in this study, the nature of the opsonic factors in nonimmune human serum for four species of bacteroides was investigated by measuring uptake of [(3)h]thymidine-labeled bacteria by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. normal human serum, c2-deficient serum, immunoglobulin-deficient serum, and serum chelated with ethylene gl ...	1980	6103873
a scheme for the identification of clinical isolates of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli by conventional bacteriological tests.	more than 1000 strains of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, including reference strains, clinical isolates, and members of the normal flora of the mouth, lower gastro-intestinal tract and vagina of healthy human subjects, were studied by conventional bacteriological methods and by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of metabolic products in a series of investigations. a short combined set of tests with particular discriminant value was selected, and a scheme for the identification of the species ...	1980	6103963
in vitro inhibition of neisseria gonorrhoeae growth by strict anaerobes.	thirty two anaerobic bacterial strains were screened for their in vitro inhibitory activity toward 21 neisseria gonorrhoeae strains, including two penicillin-resistant strains. from this screening, six anaerobic bacteria belonging to the genera bacteroides, peptostreptococcus, and eubacterium were selected for their large antigonococcal spectrum of activity. the inhibitory activity of these six strains appears to be specific to the gonococcus as a variety of anaerobes and aerobes were not genera ...	1980	6105130
detection of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides melaninogenicus by direct immunofluorescence.	a new diagnostic kit, which contains a polyvalent antiserum for either bacteroides fragilis or bacteroides melaninogenicus, was tested for reliability and specificity on 146 clinical samples of different origin. a correlation between the culture and immunofluorescence was observed for b. fragilis in 87.39% of cases and for b. melaninogenicus in 81.48% of cases. when pure cultures were tested, aerobically as well as anaerobically, false-positive reactions were observed with staphylococci and clos ...	1980	6108969
structural requirements for antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of 7 beta-arylmalonylamino-7 alpha-methoxy-1-oxacephems.	replacement of a sulphur atom by an oxygen at the 1-position of the cephem nucleus generally resulted in fourfold to sixteenfold increase of antibacterial activity in each pair of the structural congeners. however, the increased antibacterial activity caused by the replacement was accompanied by instability to beta-lactamase to some extent, which was due presumably to the increased chemical reactivity of the beta-lactam ring system. the aim of the research effort is to confer beta-lactamase stab ...	1980	6109319
achievements and problems from the view of a physician.	penicillin made possible the cure of many common, and also the most serious, infections, such as meningococcal meningitis and bacterial endocarditis, often with few or no sequelae. endocarditis had been invariably fatal. semisynthetic penicillins added new dimensions of convenience of administration and a broader spectrum in the presence of many beta-lactamases. a quantum step forward was permitted by the derivatives of cephalosporin c. specific clinical advances were (1) the opportunity to use ...	1980	6109321
radioimmunoassay for bacteroides fragilis infections.	radioimmunoassay methods were evaluated for immunoglobulin g and immunoglobulin m antibodies against bacteroides fragilis antigen. of 12 serum samples from patients with b fragilis infections, 9 had higher concentrations of immunoglobulin g antibodies than any from 11 control subjects. of 9 serum samples from infected patients, 6 had higher concentrations of immunoglobulin m than any from control subjects. six serum samples from patients with escherichia coli bacteremia did not contain elevated ...	1980	6164689
changes in macromolecular composition and morphology of bacteroides fragilis cultured in a complex medium.	changes in cell macromolecular composition during different phases of growth correlated with alterations in morphology of the obligately anaerobic bacterium, bacteroides fragilis, grown in a complex medium.	1980	6155104
rifampin and bacteriocin resistance in bacteroides fragilis.	a low-molecular-weight bacteriocin produced by a bacteroides fragilis strain inhibited ribonucleic acid polymerase activity in crude extracts of a susceptible b. fragilis indicator strain. a total of 10 rifampin-resistant mutants of the indicator strain were isolated. nine of the rifampin-resistant mutants were resistant to the bacteriocin, and the other mutant was hypersusceptible. the rifampin- and bacteriocin-resistant mutants all adsorbed approximately the same amount of the bacteriocin as t ...	1980	6156645
immunochemical investigations on bacteroides fragilis antigenic structure.	bacteroides fragilis strain 62/73 was studied. we demonstrated that formation of capsules is not a constant feature of cells of this strain. after chemical treatment we obtained six serologically active substances. the studied strain releases serologically active substances into the culture medium. we also found that endotoxin is the bacterial fraction according to which the strain may be classified to the appropriate serotype.	1980	6158834
specificity of immunoglobulin m antibodies in normal human serum that participate in opsonophagocytosis and intracellular killing of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron by by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	studies were performed to determine the specificity of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies in normal human serum that participate in opsonophagocytosis and intracellular killing of bacteroides fragilis 1365 and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 1343 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. purified normal human igm was adsorbed with washed heat-killed cells of the homologous strains and heterologous strains of b. fragilis, b. thetaiotaomicron, bacteroides vulgatus, bacteroides distasonis, and bacteroides ...	1980	6160104
[dextran degrading bacteria in rat oral cavity (author's transl)].		1980	6160188
the rapid laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic infection.	in order to assess the rapid laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic pyogenic infection, we compared the results of gram stains, ultra-violet fluorescence and gas chromatography, all performed directly on pus, with those of anaerobic culture. fluorescence was most rapid but there were many negatives unless bacteroides melaninogenicus was present. gas chromatography was rapid and sensitive but there were some false negatives, often in pure bacteroides fragilis infection, and a few false positives. gram ...	1980	6161086
modulation of the rats' immune status by monoassociation with anaerobic bacteria.	the capacity of a pure culture of anaerobic intestinal bacteria to influence the host's cellular and humoral immune systems was investigated with germfree, monoassociated, and conventionally reared rats. monoassociation of germfree rats with bacteroides fragilis stimulated the production of serum gamma globulin, agglutinating antibodies, and an apparent igg (immunoelectrophoresis) band. a comparison of the in vitro blastogenic potential of lymphocytes (spleen cells and mesenteric lymph node cell ...	1980	6161685
activity of mecillinam alone and in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics.	the in vitro activities of mecillinam, ticarcillin, cefamandole, and cefoxitin, singly and in all possible combinations, against 53 clinical isolates were studied by a checkerboard method of determining minimal inhibitory concentrations. for selected representative strains, bactericidal activity was determined by minimal bactericidal concentrations and killing curves. mecillinam was the least active antibiotic against gram-positive cocci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacteroides fragilis and the ...	1980	6263179
clavulanic acid and cp-45,899: a comparison of their in vitro activity in combination with penicillins.		1980	6247316
cp-45,899 in combination with penicillin or ampicillin against penicillin-resistant staphylococcus, haemophilus influenzae, and bacteroides.	cp-45,899 is a new, semisynthetic beta-lactamase inhibitor. when tested alone, cp-45,899 displayed only weak antibacterial activity, with the notable exception of its potent action against penicillin-susceptible and -resistant neisseria gonorrhoeae. a combination of 3.12 microgram of cp-45,899 per ml with 3.12 microgram of ampicillin per ml, tested in broth cultures, inhibited ca. 90% of resistant staphylococcus and haemophilus influenzae strains; similar data were obtained in a variety of media ...	1980	6249192
comparison of moxalactam (ly127935) and cefotaxime against anaerobic bacteria.	the in vitro activities of moxalactam (ly127935 [6059s]) and cefotaxime were compared with those of cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefuroxime, carbenicillin, and penicillin by agar dilution susceptibility testing of a variety of anaerobic bacteria. moxalactam proved to be the most active agent tested against bacteroides fragilis and other species of the b. fragilis group. moxalactam and cefotaxime showed activity similar to the other drugs against the remaining species of bacteroides, fusobacterium, ac ...	1980	6249198
hydrolysis of cefotaxime by a beta-lactamase from bacteroides fragilis.	a beta-lactamase isolated from a strain of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis possessed hydrolytic activity toward cefotaxime. this antibiotic was degraded to a lower extent than was cephalothin, cephaloridine, and cefamandole, whereas cefoxitin remained unaffected by the enzyme. kinetic parameters vmax and km for cefotaxime were calculated at 0.172 mumol/min and 1.1 x 10(-2) mm, respectively.	1980	6250465
purification of glycoside hydrolases from bacteroides fragilis.	six glycoside hydrolases in the culture medium of bacteroides fragilis--alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase, and alpha-l-fucosidase-were systematically purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration chromatography, and density gradient isoelectric focusing. the isoelectric focusing resolved the glycosidases into distinct, well-separated fractions and revealed three differently charged forms of beta-n-acetylglucosa ...	1980	6250477
an experimental study of the relationship between synergistic wound sepsis and suture materials.	in wounds on the back of guinea-pigs an inoculum of 6 x 10(5) of escherichia coli and of bacteroides fragilis produced a frank infection rate of 27 per cent. addition of a catgut or a braided nylon tie statistically significantly increased the rate to 56 and 48 per cent respectively. prolene and silk produced much smaller, non-significant rises. the rate with polyglycolic acid was 18 per cent which, though not statistically significant, suggests the possibility that this material produces condit ...	1980	6253005
relationship between metronidazole metabolism and bactericidal activity.	it has been suggested that the microbicidal effect of metronidazole is mediated by an intermediate in nitro group reduction. we have found that the addition of escherichia coli enhances the lethal effect of metronidazole on bacillus fragilis and suggest that this intermediate may form in one bacteria and kill another. because acetamide forms during the reduction of metronidazole, we examined the possibility that the same partially reduced intermediate in metronidazole reduction may be both an in ...	1980	6255861
synergistic activity of piperacillin in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors.	clavulanic acid and a penicillanic acid sulfone, when combined individually with piperacillin, synergistically inhibited various enterobacteriaceae, staphylococcus aureus, and bacteroides fragilis. clavulanic acid and piperacillin synergistically inhibited 91 of 170 (55%) isolates tested. synergy was most often found against piperacillin-resistant bacteria: 65 of 69 isolates (94%). although the penicillanic acid sulfone acted synergistically with piperacillin, inhibiting 62 of 170 strains (33%), ...	1980	6255862
methods for testing antibiotic sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria.	problems are still encountered in the performance and interpretation of tests of anaerobe sensitivity to antibiotics. a review of the methods currently used was carried out in order to determine factors modifying the activity of antibiotics. the sensitivity of escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and clostridium perfringens to various drugs was tested under different conditions (including different culture media and incubation atmospheres). gentamicin and kanamycin showed no activity in tests ...	1980	6256293
[susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to cefoxitin (author's transl)].	nine strains of clostridium perfringens type a and 10 strains of bacteroïdes fragilis s. spec. fragilis, recently isolated from blood culture, were tested for their cefoxitin susceptibility. the mic for clostridium perfringens ranged from 0,6 to 5 mg/l and 1,2 to 10 mg/l for bacteroïdes fragilis. in most cases, the mbc were identical with the mic for clostridium perfringens, but for bact. frag. there was a difference of 2 dilutions in their mbc. cefoxitin activity was not modified by a variation ...	1980	6256880
[antibacterial activity of cefoperazone against anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)].	the following results were obtained from the comparison of cefoperazone (cpz) with cefazolin (cez), cephalothin (cet) and cefoxitin (cfx) in respect to their antibacterial action against anaerobic bacteria: 1) cpz showed an antibacterial spectrum which was comparable to those of the known antibiotics, cez, cet and cfx. cpz was particularly effective against anaerobic gram-positive bacteria. 2) cpz showed a distribution of susceptibility against clinically isolated strains which was comparable to ...	1980	6454011
[anaerobic nonspore-forming bacteria in fecal flora of man. ii. representation of species of the genera bifidobacterium and bacteriodes (author's transl)].		1980	6445781
a study of the in vitro activity of cefoperazone: a comparison with other beta-lactam antibiotics.		1980	6446391
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to cefoperazone and other beta-lactam antibiotics.	the in vitro activity of cefoperazone was tested against 155 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and compared to that of cefoxitin, ly127935 (moxalactam), cefotaxime, cefamandole, and cephalothin. against the bacteroides fragilis group, the compound was as active as ly127935, but less active than cefoxitin. cefotaxime was less active than cefoperazone, cefoxitin, and ly127935. cefoperazone, as well as cefoxitin, ly127935, and cefotaxime, exhibited excellent activity against all other anaerob ...	1980	6446396
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in vitro to 23 antimicrobial agents.	589 isolates of anaerobic bacteria, including 127 isolates of bacterioides fracilis, were tested against 23 antimicrobial agents. at their usually achievable serum levels, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, mezlocillin and piperacillin; cefoxitin, minocycline, doxycycline, clindamycin, chloramphenicol and rifampin were effective against more than 80% of b. fragilis isolates. at usual therapeutic doses, penicillin (pen), ampicillin (amp), cyclacillin (cyc), cephalothin (ct), cefazolin (cz), cephradine ( ...	1980	6446448
cefoperazone (t-1551), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin: comparison with cephalothin and gentamicin.	the in vitro activity of cefoperazone (t-1551) against almost 9,000 recent clinical isolates at six institutions was tested and compared with that of cephalothin and gentamicin. the modal minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefoperazone were 16- and 4-fold less than those of cephalothin and gentamicin, respectively, against 5,503 strains of enterobacteriaceae. species normally resistant to cephalothin, such as indole-positive protease and enterobacters, were almost universally susceptible to ce ...	1980	6446879