| in vitro susceptibility of clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in japan. | a nationwide survey of the susceptibility of 433 isolates of bacteroides fragilis and 149 isolates of bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was conducted from december 1986 through november 1989 in japan. these strains were collected from 16 university hospitals and one metropolitan hospital. metronidazole was the most active drug against both species, with no resistant isolates found. the activity of imipenem and sulbactam-cefoperazone was good, with very low resistance rates determined in bacteroides f ... | 1992 | 1295761 |
| german multicentre study on the in vitro susceptibility of bacteroides species. the german bacteroides study group. | in 1990 the first german multicentre study on the in vitro susceptibility of bacteroides species was completed. employing a commercially prepared microbroth dilution assay, nine participating institutions evaluated approximately 100 consecutive isolates of bacteroides species from relevant clinical specimens. a total of 911 strains (449 bacteroides fragilis, 201 bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, 79 bacteroides ovatus, 78 bacteroides vulgatus, 77 bacteroides distasonis, 25 bacteroides uniformis, 2 ot ... | 1992 | 1295762 |
| beta-lactamase production and susceptibility of us and european anaerobic gram-negative bacilli to beta-lactams and other agents. | the susceptibility of 1,476 us and european strains of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, ticarcillin, ticarcillin/clavulanate, cefoxitin, imipenem and metronidazole was determined. all of the bacteroides fragilis group and 51% of the non-bacteroides fragilis group were beta-lactamase positive. amongst the non-bacteroides fragilis group, beta-lactamase positivity rates were higher for us strains (58%) than for european strains (39%). all strains were suscept ... | 1992 | 1295763 |
| survey of the susceptibility patterns of bacteroides fragilis group strains in france from 1977 to 1992. | rates of antibiotic resistance within the bacteroides fragilis group were monitored over a 15-year period in france by examining studies that employed the same methodology to test susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria. chloramphenicol, metronidazole, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations and imipenem remained very active against bacteroides fragilis. there was little or no change in rates of resistance to these antibiotics. resistance to clindamycin increased from 1% in 1977 to a peak ... | 1992 | 1295764 |
| infection and labor. vii. microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in spontaneous rupture of membranes at term. | the purpose of this study was to determine the frequency, microbiologic characteristics, and clinical significance of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in women with premature rupture of membranes at term. | 1992 | 1301006 |
| [immunomodulating properties of various microbes--representatives of normal intestinal microflora]. | the impact of oral administration of heat-killed bifidobacteria, lactobacteria, enterococci and bacteroides on mouse resistance to experimental salmonellosis and content of immunoglobulin-synthesizing cells in the proper plate of the small intestine was studied. it was shown that the administration of the killed bifidobacteria, lactobacteria and enterococci increased the animal resistance to experimental salmonellosis infection and induced an increase in the content of immunoglobulin-synthesizin ... | 1992 | 1304130 |
| expression and release of neuroregulators during development: monoamines and neuropeptides. | the turnover of catecholamines (ca) was determined in the adrenal medulla and brain of rat fetuses and pups. in general we found a considerable increase soon after birth. the expression of mrna for ca-synthesizing enzymes was also considerably enhanced in the adrenals shortly after birth. furthermore, we demonstrated increased expression of neuropeptides after birth, increased synthesis of mrna encoding for neuropeptide y in the adrenals 24 h after birth; and considerable activation of the subst ... | 1992 | 1306802 |
| susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to pd 131628. | the in vitro activity of pd 131628 against anaerobic cocci, propionibacterium acnes, clostridium perfringens, clostridium difficile, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides spp. and fusobacteria was determined by the agar dilution method. this activity was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, cefoxitin, imipenem, clindamycin, metronidazole and chloramphenicol. pd 131628, imipenem, clindamycin, metronidazole and chloramphenicol were the most active agents tested. | 1992 | 1314176 |
| [quantitative direct gas-liquid chromatography for rapid diagnosis of anaerobic infections]. | quantitative direct gas-liquid chromatography (glc) was performed on 74 specimens of surgical infections and relevant findings were compared with cultural results. in the present study, significant amounts of multiple volatile fatty acids (vfa) and/or succinate were found as markers of anaerobic infections. at least one of the vfa (propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric or valeric acid) greater than or equal to 0.1 mumol/ml and/or succinate greater than or equal to 0.3 mumol/ml was strong ev ... | 1992 | 1315609 |
| a novel mucin sulphatase from human faeces: its identification, purification and characterization. | 1. colonic mucus is heavily sulphated and it is likely that this contributes considerably to its resistance to degradation by bacterial enzymes. the presence of a mucin-desulphating enzyme in faeces could therefore be very important in determining the rate of degradation of secreted mucus and hence the level of protection of the mucosa. 2. a novel assay for mucin sulphatase has been developed using biologically labelled human colonic [35s]sulphomucin as a substrate and a mucin sulphatase has bee ... | 1992 | 1315656 |
| in vitro activities of three of the newer quinolones against anaerobic bacteria. | the antimicrobial activities of three new quinolone compounds, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, and win 57273, against anaerobic bacteria were determined in three separate studies. the wadsworth agar dilution technique using brucella-laked blood agar was used throughout. the activities of other antimicrobial agents, including ciprofloxacin, imipenem, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, cefotetan, cefoxitin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, were also determined. the breakpoints of the new quinolones were ... | 1992 | 1317149 |
| evidence that mehp inhibits rat granulosa cell function by a protein kinase c-independent mechanism. | we have recently shown that mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (mehp), the active metabolite of the reproductive toxicant di-(ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp), inhibited fsh- but not forskolin-, isoproterenol-, or cholera toxin-stimulated granulosa cell camp accumulation in vitro. in addition, mehp also inhibited fsh-stimulated progesterone production, a camp-dependent process. similar to mehp, the protein kinase c (pkc) activator, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (tpa) has been shown to inhibit rat ... | 1992 | 1317232 |
| epr spectroscopic characterization of an 'iron only' nitrogenase. s = 3/2 spectrum of component 1 isolated from rhodobacter capsulatus. | the alternative nitrogenase of rhodobacter capsulatus, isolated from a nifhdk deletion mutant, has been purified to near homogeneity and identified as an 'iron only' nitrogenase. the dithionite-reduced component 1 ('fefe protein') of this enzyme showed an epr spectrum consisting of two components: a minor s = 1/2 signal at g = 1.93 and a very characteristic s = 3/2 signal of near-stoichiometric intensity at g = 5.44. this resonance is very close to the highest possible g value (g = 5.46) for the ... | 1992 | 1317300 |
| new monoclonal antibodies for the detection of immediate early antigens of cytomegalovirus. | two new monoclonal antibodies, cie-1 and cie-2, were developed for the rapid detection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection. they were found to be reactive with immediate early protein of hcmv in the nuclei of infected fibroblasts, as early as 3 hours post-infection. by radioimmunoprecipitation, cie-1 was found to react with a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 70,000, whereas cie-2 precipitated 2 proteins of 70,000 and 72,000 daltons, respectively. both monoclonal antibodies reco ... | 1992 | 1319172 |
| in-vitro activity of pd 131628, a new quinolone antimicrobial agent. | the in-vitro activity of pd 131628, the active metabolite of the prodrug pd 131112, was compared with that of ciprofloxacin and members of other groups of antimicrobial agents against 701 recent clinical isolates and strains with known mechanisms of resistance. the mic90s of pd 131628 against the enterobacteriaceae were between 0.008 and 0.5 mg/l; pd 131628 was one- to four-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against these strains and was four-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against pseudomo ... | 1992 | 1320603 |
| evaluation of temafloxacin in a rat model of intra-abdominal abscess. | the in-vitro activity of temafloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, was evaluated in an experimental model of intra-abdominal abscess in rats. mixed aerobic-anaerobic infection was induced by intraperitoneal implantation of gelatin capsules containing bacteroides fragilis, escherichia coli, and sterile rat faeces. temafloxacin was highly active with a 90.9% cure rate in comparison with no treatment (no cures; p less than 0.0001), and as active as a combination of clindamycin and gentamicin (100% cure ... | 1992 | 1324241 |
| e-test: a new technique for antimicrobial susceptibility testing for periodontal microorganisms. | the purpose of the study was to validate the epsilometer test (e-test) method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of selected periodontopathic microorganisms using the agar dilution method as a standard. the e-test has been developed to provide a direct quantification of antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms. the device consists of a predefined, continuous, and exponential gradient of antibiotic concentrations immobilized along a rectangular plastic test strip. after 48 hours incub ... | 1992 | 1324301 |
| comparative activity of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, ci-960, ci-990, and win 57273 against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activities of seven fluoroquinolones against 290 anaerobes were determined by agar dilution. ci-960 and win 57273 inhibited greater than 95% of the strains at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. ci-990 required less than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml. clustering around 2 to 4 micrograms/ml was noted for bacteroides fragilis group organisms with ci-990, sparfloxacin, and temafloxacin. temafloxacin and sparfloxacin inhibited most strains at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. b. ... | 1992 | 1324640 |
| antimicrobial activity of du-6859, a new potent fluoroquinolone, against clinical isolates. | du-6859, (-)-7-[(7s)-amino-5-azaspiro(2,4)heptan-5-yl]-8-chloro-6- fluoro-1-[(1r,2r)-cis-2-fluoro-1-cyclopropyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinol one-3- carboxylic acid, is a new fluoroquinolone with antibacterial activity which is significantly better than those of currently available quinolones. the mics for 90% of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolates (mic90s) were 0.1, 3.13, 0.1, and 0.39 microgram/ml, respectively. mic50s of du- ... | 1992 | 1324647 |
| in vitro activity of opc-17116. | the in vitro activity of opc-17116, a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone, was compared with the activities of other fluoroquinolones. opc-17116 inhibited 50% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested and 90% of haemophilus influenzae, neisseria species, and moraxella catarrhalis isolates at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml. at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, 90% of the enterobacteriaceae were inhibited, which was comparable to or better than the activities of fleroxacin, o ... | 1992 | 1329620 |
| in vitro activity of cp-74,667. a new fluoroquinolone compared with other quinolones. | cp-74,667, a 6-fluoro-7-bridged piperazinyl-1-cyclopropyl-4 quinolone, inhibited 90% of staphylococci, beta-hemolytic streptococci, enterococci, enterobacteriaceae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. ciprofloxacin-resistant, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus had minimum inhibitory concentration (mic50) of 4 micrograms/ml and an mic90 of 8 micrograms/ml. cp-74,667 was fourfold more active than ciprofloxacin against streptococcus pneumoniae and st. pyoge ... | 1992 | 1330421 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of am-1155, a new 6-fluoro-8-methoxy quinolone. | am-1155 is a new quinolone with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against various bacteria including anaerobes and mycoplasma pneumoniae. am-1155 was 2- to 16-fold more active than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant strains, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and enterococcus faecalis; its mics for 90% of strains tested were 0.10 to 0.78 micrograms/ml. the activity of am-1155 was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin ... | 1992 | 1332587 |
| purification and characterization of a sialidase from bacteroides fragilis sbt3182. | a sialidase from bacteroides fragilis sbt3182 was purified 2,240-fold to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and sequential chromatographies on deae-toyopearl 650m, hydroxyapatite, monos and superose6 columns. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of this sialidase, ala-asp-x-ile-phe-val-arg-glu-thr-arg-ile-pro-, was determined. substrate specificity of this enzyme using a variety of sialoglycoconjugates showed a 1.5- and 2.2-fold preference for sialyl alpha 2-8 linkages when com ... | 1992 | 1333198 |
| magnetization transfer contrast (mtc) imaging of skeletal muscle at 0.26 tesla--changes in signal intensity following exercise. | magnetization transfer contrast (mtc) imaging of skeletal muscle before and after exercise has been studied in normal volunteers at 0.26 tesla. a saturation pulse was applied over a range of offset frequencies immediately before a gradient recall echo sequence. substantial signal loss was observed in all muscles. after exercise, selective saturation resulted in a significant increase of contrast between active and less active muscle, a phenomenon attributable to an increase in extracellular wate ... | 1992 | 1336695 |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of ticarcillin alone and ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid against beta-lactamase producing and non-producing microorganisms. | a total of 818 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for the production of beta-lactamase by rapid chromogenic cephalosporin method and for the susceptibility to ticarcillin alone and in combination with clavulanic acid (2 micrograms/ml) by agar dilution method. these included 83 strains of methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (mssa), 31 of methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa), 49 of neisseria gonorrhoeae, 58 of haemophilus influenzae, 112 of escherichia coli, 118 of klebsiella pneumo ... | 1992 | 1342000 |
| the acute phase of experimental infection with trypanosoma cruzi is more severe in mice monoassociated with strict anaerobic bacteria. | 1. the influence of some components of the normal human intestinal flora on the acute phase of experimental infection with strain cl of trypanosoma cruzi was studied in 30-day-old germ-free or gnotobiotic cfw (lob) mice monoassociated with bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococcus sp or clostridium sp by intragastric inoculation of 10(6) bacteria 10 days before the intraperitoneal infection with 5 x 10(3) trypomastigotes/g body weight. 2. significantly earlier parasitemia peak and mortality were ... | 1992 | 1342224 |
| natural killer (nk) cell stimulatory factor increases the cytotoxic activity of nk cells from both healthy donors and human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. | natural killer cell stimulatory factor (nksf), or interleukin 12 (il-12), is a heterodimeric lymphokine produced by b cells that has multiple effects on t and nk cell functions. nksf at concentrations as low as 0.4 pm enhances the spontaneous cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) against a variety of tumor-derived target cell lines and virus-infected target cells. the combined treatment of pbl with nksf and il-2 results in a less than additive enhancement of cytotoxicity. nksf ... | 1992 | 1346797 |
| structure of holo-chaperonin studied with electron microscopy. oligomeric cpn10 on top of two layers of cpn60 rings with two stripes each. | a structural model of holo-chaperonin, known as a protein-folding control protein comprising 60 kda (cpn60) and 10 kda polypeptides (cpn10), is proposed based on the electron microscopic images of holo-chaperonin from thermus thermophilus and cpn60 from paracoccus denitrificans. isolated paracoccus cpn60 shows very similar images to those of escherichia coli tetradecameric cpn60, a seven-membered ring in the top view and a rectangular shape with four stripes in the side view. however, a small nu ... | 1992 | 1347504 |
| structure of holo-chaperonin studied with electron microscopy. oligomeric cpn10 on top of two layers of cpn60 rings with two stripes each. | a structural model of holo-chaperonin, known as a protein-folding control protein comprising 60 kda (cpn60) and 10 kda polypeptides (cpn10), is proposed based on the electron microscopic images of holo-chaperonin from thermus thermophilus and cpn60 from paracoccus denitrificans. isolated paracoccus cpn60 shows very similar images to those of escherichia coli tetradecameric cpn60, a seven-membered ring in the top view and a rectangular shape with four stripes in the side view. however, a small nu ... | 1992 | 1347504 |
| detubularization-induced contractile response change of the ileum following ileocystoplasty. | we reported previously that following ileocystoplasty the structure and pharmacologic response of the implanted ileum changes towards that of the bladder. specifically, the relaxation response to alpha adrenergic (methoxamine) and purinergic (atp) stimulation reverses to a contractile response one month after the ileal segment is surgically made part of the urinary bladder. the present study was designed to investigate possible signals for this change and also to determine whether bladder respon ... | 1992 | 1351953 |
| regulation of nucleus accumbens dopamine release by the dorsal raphe nucleus in the rat. | the effects of microinfusing l-glutamate, serotonin (5-ht), (+-)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-oh dpat; a 5-ht1a agonist), and muscimol (a gabaa agonist) into the dorsal raphe nucleus on the extracellular levels of 5-ht, dopamine (da) and their metabolites in the nucleus accumbens were studied in unanesthetized, freely moving, adult male wistar rats, using the technique of microdialysis coupled with small-bore hplc. administration of 0.75 micrograms l-glutamate produced a 25-50% inc ... | 1992 | 1356241 |
| seroepidemiology of california and bunyamwera serogroup bunyavirus infections in humans in california. | several human populations in california were surveyed cross-sectionally and longitudinally for neutralizing antibodies to selected arthropod-borne bunyaviruses in the california and bunyamwera serogroups. overall, the prevalence of antibodies to california serogroup viruses was 6.4% in 702 individuals sampled during 1963-1988. comparative antibody titers in individual sera indicated that 4.1% and 1.6% of these infections were caused by viruses similar or identical to jamestown canyon and califor ... | 1992 | 1357960 |
| characterization and detection of the 40 kda fimbrial subunit of bacteroides fragilis be1. | the amino acid composition and amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the 40 kda fimbrial subunit of bacteroides fragilis were determined. no similarity with other known fimbrial subunits or protein sequences was found. the isoelectric point of the fimbriae was determined to be 3.8. the acidic nature of these fimbriae is in agreement with the amino acid composition of the fimbrial subunit. an igm monoclonal antibody, raised against the denaturated subunit of strain be1 fimbriae, reacted with nati ... | 1992 | 1359379 |
| pregnancy after transfer of frozen-thawed human embryos. | cryopreservation of human embryos has been successfully applied in in vitro fertilization (ivf) and embryo transfer (et) programs at the national taiwan university hospital since 1988. our preliminary results with 120 frozen-thawed embryos in 31 transfer cycles showed that the survival rate of frozen embryos was 66%. following transfer, the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 6.5% and 13%, respectively. four clinical pregnancies and one preclinical pregnancy following a frozen-tha ... | 1992 | 1360300 |
| encapsulation and pilus formation of bacteroides spp. in normal flora abscesses and blood. | the presence of encapsulated and piliated bacteroides spp. (mostly bacteroides fragilis and melaninogenicus groups was investigated in isolates from blood, abscesses and normal flora. of the strains of bacteroides spp. isolated 45 of 54 (83%) recovered from blood and 31 of 40 (78%) found in abscesses were encapsulated. in contrast, only seven of 71 (10%) similar strains isolated from the faeces or pharynx of healthy persons were encapsulated (p < 0.001). pili were observed in three of 54 (6%) of ... | 1992 | 1361937 |
| virulence factors in anaerobic bacteria. | various surface structures can be expressed in bacteroides fragilis, but little is known about capsular structures in other non-spore-forming anaerobes. fimbriae have been isolated from bacteroides fragilis and porphyromonas gingivalis. the importance of iron-repressible outer membrane proteins as virulence factors in bacteroides fragilis is under study. the low endotoxic activity of bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide can be attributed to the chemical composition of this organism's lipid a. ... | 1992 | 1363545 |
| [epidemiologic studies after the disaster in czernobyl in the population of children in the krakow region]. | in 1989-1990 the epidemiologic studies about the impact of of czarnobyl events on the health of children in kraków and nowy sacz region were performed. the morphologic and functional changes of thyroid gland in children were estimated. almost 90% of children in both districts received the iodine preparations for prophylactic reason. the mean time of intake was between 5-10 days following the czarnobyl explosion. there were no relationship between the dose of iodine absorbed during prophylactic a ... | 1991 | 1364477 |
| characterization of guanosine diphospho-d-mannose dehydrogenase from pseudomonas aeruginosa. structural analysis by limited proteolysis. | alginate is believed to be a major virulence factor in the pathogenicity of pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lungs of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. guanosine diphospho-d-mannose dehydrogenase (gdpmannose dehydrogenase, ec 1.1.1.132) is a key enzyme in the alginate biosynthetic pathway which catalyzes the oxidation of guanosine diphospho-d-mannose (gdp-d-mannose) to gdp-d-mannuronic acid. in this paper, we report the structural analysis of gmd by limited proteolysis using three different ... | 1992 | 1370473 |
| characterization of antigenic determinants of borrelia burgdorferi shared by other bacteria. | three antigenic determinants of borrelia burgdorferi that were shared with other spirochetes and gram-negative bacterial species, as measured by western blot, elisa, or both, were identified and characterized using monoclonal antibodies (mabs). two were associated with immunogenic integral membrane lipoproteins of 19- and 22-kda, respectively, by [3h]palmitate incorporation and triton x-114 phase partitioning. a third antigenic determinant was shown to be associated with a 72-kda heat shock prot ... | 1992 | 1372635 |
| analysis of rrna restriction fragment length polymorphisms from bacteroides spp. and bacteroides fragilis isolates associated with diarrhea in humans and animals. | the escherichia coli rrna operon rrnb was used as a 32p-labeled hybridization probe in southern blots of genomic dnas from representative strains of the saccharolytic, gram-negative, obligate anaerobes of the genus bacteroides. control experiments with the b. fragilis type strain atcc 25285 established that nearly identical rrna fragment patterns were produced when either the e. coli rrnb gene probe or homologous rrna isolated from b. fragilis was used as the probe. in addition, it was shown tha ... | 1992 | 1374078 |
| experimental maxillary sinusitis induced by bacteroides fragilis. a bacteriological and histological study in rabbits. | experimental anaerobic maxillary sinusitis was induced in new zealand white rabbits by blocking the ostium and inoculating bacteroides fragilis, strain nctc 9343. the animals were examined histologically and bacteriologically after 5 days, and 2, 3 and 4 weeks. all the infected sinuses displayed signs of moderate or severe inflammation throughout the study period. ciliary damage and desquamation, hyperplasia and metaplasia of the epithelium were characteristic features. furthermore, heavy leukoc ... | 1992 | 1374207 |
| sepsis-induced changes in protein synthesis: differential effects on fast- and slow-twitch muscles. | sepsis is associated with severe muscle wasting. mechanisms responsible for sepsis-induced alterations in muscle protein metabolism were investigated in vivo and compared with changes induced by nonseptic inflammation. the rate of protein synthesis in mixed hindlimb muscles was not altered in inflammation but was inhibited 50% in sepsis. this inhibition did not result from a decreased rna content. instead, the translational efficiency was significantly reduced by 50% in skeletal muscle of septic ... | 1992 | 1377447 |
| the bactericidal activity and postantibiotic effect of trospectomycin. | trospectomycin sulfate (trospectomycin, trs) is a novel, broad-spectrum, aminocyclitol antibiotic that is being developed clinically for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and gonorrhea. this study investigated the bactericidal activity (by time-kill kinetics) and the postantibiotic effect (pae) of trs. species-dependent bacteriostatic/bactericidal activity was observed for trs; the antibiotic was bacteriostatic for staphylococc ... | 1992 | 1386566 |
| [hematogenous spondylitis caused by bacteroides fragilis]. | | 1992 | 1391028 |
| recovery of bacteroides fragilis group from clinical specimens following antimicrobial therapy. | over a period of 14 years (1973-1987), 3165 specimens submitted to the microbiology laboratory demonstrated the recovery of anaerobic bacteria. a total of 988 bacteroides fragilis group isolates were recovered (0.3 isolates per specimen). bacteroides fragilis accounted for 62% of the total of all b. fragilis group isolates, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron for 15%, bacteroides vulgatus for 8%, bacteroides ovatus for 7%, bacteroides distasonis for 6%, and bacteroides uniformis for 2%. of the 988 b. f ... | 1992 | 1393825 |
| binding of mutagenic pyrolyzates to fractions of intestinal bacterial cells. | the binding of mutagenic pyrolyzates to cell fractions from some gram-negative intestinal bacteria and to thermally treated bacterial cells was investigated. 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5h-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (trp-p-1) and 3-amino-1-methyl-5h-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (trp-p-2) were effectively bound by several of the bacterial cells. the cell wall skeletons of all bacteria effectively bound trp-p-1 and trp-p-2. their cytoplasmic fractions retained trp-p-1 and trp-p-2, but to a lesser extent than the cell wa ... | 1992 | 1393830 |
| the bacteriology of chronic suppurative otitis media. | specimens obtained directly from the middle ear under direct vision from 40 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (csom) were investigated quantitatively and qualitatively for aerobes and anaerobes. twenty one of the 40 specimens yielded aerobes only, 17 yielded a mixed flora of anaerobes and aerobes while only one yielded anaerobes only and the remaining one was sterile. bacteroides fragilis was the commonest anaerobe and the second single most common bacteria generally present in csom ... | 1992 | 1396196 |
| antibacterial activity of the investigational oral and parenteral cephalosporin bk-218. | bk-218 is a novel cephalosporin with a dual route of administration and spectrum of activity most similar to that of second-generation cephalosporins. bk-218 was active against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis but strains resistant to penicillins had higher mics. bk-218 had greater activity (8-fold) than cefuroxime or cefaclor against oxacillin-susceptible staphylococcus spp. moderate bk-218 activity was observed against neisseria gonorrhoeae and commonl ... | 1992 | 1396735 |
| antibiotic sensitivity of the bacteroides fragilis group in europe. european study group. | rates of resistance to 12 antibiotics were determined for 1,289 isolates of bacteroides fragilis group submitted in 1988-1989 by 22 laboratories in 15 european countries. there was no resistance to metronidazole (breakpoint 8 mg/l) and only one isolate was resistant to chloramphenicol (breakpoint 8 mg/l). resistance was uncommon for imipenem (0.3% at greater than 4 mg/l), amoxicillin/clavulanate (1% at greater than 8 mg/l), cefoxitin (3% at greater than 32 mg/l), mezlocillin (6% at greater than ... | 1992 | 1396748 |
| changes in the susceptibility of bacteroides fragilis group organisms to various antimicrobial agents 1979-1989. | the in vitro activity of metronidazole, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and 11 beta-lactam antibiotics against 135 clinical isolates of the bacteroides fragilis group was compared. in addition, changes in the resistance patterns of members of the bacteroides fragilis group isolated at the hospital universitario san carlos in madrid, spain, between 1979 and 1989 were documented. the most active beta-lactam drugs were imipenem and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. in 1989, however, two strains w ... | 1992 | 1396757 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of ru29246, the active metabolite of hr916b. | hr 916b is a new orally absorbed cephalosporin. in tests its active metabolite, ru29246, inhibited streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml, which is similar to the antibacterial activity of cefuroxime, and was more active than cefaclor. it was also more active (mic 2 micrograms/ml) than cefixime, cefuroxime, cefaclor and cefotaxime against staphylococci. ru29246 inhibited escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, ci ... | 1992 | 1396779 |
| anaerobic yeast killer systems. | the influence of anaerobic conditions on the expression of the killer phenomenon of several yeast isolates belonging to recognized killer systems coded by different genetic determinants (pichia spp., kluyveromyces lactis, saccharomyces cerevisiae) was studied. anaerobiosis influenced the activity of killer toxins from some individual isolates of the genera pichia and saccharomyces on sensitive strains of p. anomala, k. lactis and candida albicans. however, no influence was detectable on a s. cer ... | 1992 | 1397211 |
| characterization of the streptococcus mutans gs-5 frua gene encoding exo-beta-d-fructosidase. | the complete nucleotide sequence (5,010 bp) of the fructanase gene (frua) and flanking regions of the chromosome of streptococcus mutans gs-5 was determined. the frua gene appears to be the sole transcript arising from a proximal promoter. the presumed precursor of the secreted frua protein consists of 1,423 amino acids, and it has an m(r) of 158,656 and a pi of 4.82. the n terminus of frua has characteristics in common with signal peptides of gram-positive organisms. the c terminus consists of ... | 1992 | 1398976 |
| microbiology of secondarily infected diaper dermatitis. | specimens obtained from 67 infants with secondarily infected diaper dermatitis were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. bacteria growth was obtained in 58. aerobic facultative bacteria or candida sp. only were present in 28 patients (48%), anaerobic bacteria only in 11 (19%), and mixed anaerobic with aerobic, facultative, or yeast flora was present in 19 (33%). ninety-one bacterial or fungal isolates were recovered (1.6 per specimen), 54 (0.9 per specimen) aerobic or facultative bacteri ... | 1992 | 1399196 |
| [asporogenic anaerobic thoracic empyema--an experimental model for anaerobic thoracic empyema in rabbits]. | sterile pleural effusion was induced by intrapleural administration of turpentine, and empyema was induced by direct intrapleural inoculation of bacteria in rabbits. experimental models of anaerobic thoracic empyema were successfully made in this study, using escherichia coli, peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, bacteroides fragilis, using the following methods; (1) a single bacterium inoculation of, a) e. coli, b) p. asaccharolyticus, c) b. fragilis, (2) simultaneous inoculations with an aerob ... | 1992 | 1402083 |
| [a case of empyema with subphrenic abscess]. | a 75-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever, cough and left hypochondralgia. she had been operated for cholecystectomy ten years ago. chest roentgenogram indicated bilateral pleural effusion. tube drainage was done to the left thorax and empyema was caused by bacteroides fragilis and escherichia coli (e. coli). though antibiotic therapy was already being conducted, the left hypochondralgia persisted. a ct scan and mri demonstrated local subphrenic abscess around th ... | 1992 | 1402099 |
| [development of a dna probe specific for bacteroides fragilis: use of the cloned neuraminidase gene]. | | 1992 | 1404931 |
| bacteriocin-like activity of bacteroides fragilis group isolated from marmosets. | the ability of strains of the b. fragilis group, isolated from the oral cavity and intestine of marmosets, to produce bacteriorin-like substances in solid medium, in terms of auto-, iso- and heteroantagonism, was evaluated. antagonistic activity was exhibited by 52% of the intestinal strains, 3 of which showed autoantagonistic activity. three out of 9 oral strains isolated, tested against themselves, showed simultaneous isoantagonism to 4 indicator strains; but not autoantagonism. the same 9 ora ... | 1992 | 1410791 |
| ca(2+)-related hepatocellular alterations during intra-abdominal sepsis. | intra-abdominal sepsis was induced in rats by implanting into their abdominal cavities fecal-agar pellets impregnated with escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis. sham-operated rats received sterile pellets. a group of sterile- and septic-implanted rats was treated intraperitoneally with diltiazem (1.2 mg/kg) 8 h after implantations. septic- and sterile-implanted rat hepatocytes were loaded with 1) the fluorescent dye indo-1 to quantify hepatocyte basal and vasopressin (100 nm)-elevated cytos ... | 1992 | 1415641 |
| in vitro activity of mc-352, a new 16-membered macrolide. | the in vitro activity of mc-352, 3,4'-dideoxy-5-o-mycaminosyltylonolide, was compared with those of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and rokitamycin. the mc-352 mic90 (mic for 90% of isolates) for erythromycin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis was less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml, similar to those of the other agents. the mc-352 mic50 for erythromycin-resistant s. aureus was 2 micrograms/ml, similar to that of rokitamycin. the mc-352 mic90 (0.12 micrograms/ml) for ... | 1992 | 1416853 |
| in vitro activity of l-627, a new carbapenem. | the in vitro activity of l-627, a new parenterally administered carbapenem, was compared with those of imipenem, meropenem, fce 22101 (a penem), ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone. l-627 was active against members of the family enterobacteriaceae (mic for 90% of strains tested [mic90] ranging from 0.03 to 4 micrograms/ml). l-627 displayed activity equal to that of meropenem against pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic90, 2 micrograms/ml), although, as with other carbapenems, the antipseudomonal activity was re ... | 1992 | 1416883 |
| susceptibilities of members of the bacteroides fragilis group to 11 antimicrobial agents. | the susceptibilities of 200 clinical isolates of the bacteroides fragilis group to 11 antimicrobial agents were determined by the broth microdilution method of the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. all isolates were susceptible to imipenem and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid. the rates of resistance to cefoxitin and clindamycin were low (4 and 6%, respectively), while those to ceftizoxime and cefotetan were higher (10.5 and 24%, respectively). | 1992 | 1416899 |
| relative effects of intraoperative tissue expansion and undermining on wound closing tensions. | intraoperative tissue expansion is advocated as a technique to facilitate closure of soft-tissue wounds with less tension than if they were closed primarily without expansion or, presumably, simple undermining. few objective studies have been done, however, to validate the technique. we specifically questioned the relative effects of intraoperative tissue expansion and undermining on wound closing tensions in an animal model. our data showed statistically significant reduction in the force requi ... | 1992 | 1418898 |
| the activity of metal compounds against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of two metal compounds, jm-1397 (oso2[xylyl]2) and jm-2469 (aucl[s2cpet3]). both inhibited methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus at concentrations of 0.5-2 micrograms/ml, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic90) of 1 microgram/ml for jm-1397 and 0.5 microgram/ml for jm-2469. similar concentrations inhibited methicillin-susceptible and -resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (s. epidermidis, s. haemolyticus, and ... | 1992 | 1424509 |
| antibacterial oxazolidinones. in vitro activity of a new analogue, e3709. | the oxazolidinone compound e3709, which contains a 4-pyridyl group, was found to be more active in vitro than other members of this series, such as dup 721. mic90 for staphylococci(including methicillin-resistant isolates), streptococci (including enterococcus faecalis), clostridia, and diphtheroids was less than 0.5 micrograms/ml. haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and bacteroides fragilis were less susceptible, with an mic90 between 2 and 8 micrograms/ml. e3709 mics of gram-negativ ... | 1992 | 1424519 |
| congenital pneumonia and early neonatal septicemia due to bacteroides fragilis. | | 1992 | 1425719 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of the new antibiotic vermisporin. | the antimicrobial activity of vermisporin, a new antibiotic produced by fermentation of the fungus ophiobolus vermisporis, was tested in vitro. vermisporin inhibited 90% of bacteroides fragilis and other bacteroides spp. at 1 microgram/ml (range 0.25-1 micrograms/ml). clostridium perfringens were inhibited by 1 microgram/ml (range 0.25-2 micrograms/ml). vermisporin inhibited 90% of staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, at 0.5 micrograms/ml (range 0.12-0.5 ... | 1992 | 1425739 |
| in vitro activity of l-627 against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of l-627 against 370 anaerobic bacterial strains including anaerobic cocci, propionibacterium acnes, clostridium perfringens, clostridium difficile, bacteroides fragilis, other bacteroides spp. and fusobacteria was determined by the agar dilution method. this activity was compared with that of piperacillin, cefoxitin, imipenem, meropenem, clindamycin, metronidazole and chloramphenicol. l-627, imipenem, meropenem, clindamycin, metronidazole and chloramphenicol were the most ... | 1992 | 1425740 |
| thermally-induced delayed fluorescence of photosystem i and ii chlorophyll in thermophilic cyanobacterium synechococcus elongatus. | stationary delayed fluorescence (df) of chlorophyll in isolated membrane preparations from thermophilic cyanobacterium synechococcus elongatus was investigated as a function of temperature. two peaks at different temperatures were observed. the low-temperature peak (54-60 degrees c) coincided with the main maximum of the thermally-induced delayed fluorescence of chlorophyll in intact cells and psii-particles with active oxygen-evolving system. the high-temperature peak (78 degrees c) coincided w ... | 1992 | 1426973 |
| metronidazole-resistant bacteroides fragilis wound infection. | we report the isolation of metronidazole-resistant bacteroides fragilis from a post-operative wound abscess in a 72-year-old woman who had not been treated with metronidazole during the preceding 9 months. the case illustrates the need for caution when identifying anaerobes on the basis of metronidazole sensitivity. | 1992 | 1431176 |
| purification of embryonic rat motoneurons by panning on a monoclonal antibody to the low-affinity ngf receptor. | available methods for purifying motoneurons to homogeneity from rodent spinal cord involve retrograde labelling and fluorescence-activated cell sorting, making them costly and time consuming. motoneurons are the only neurons within the 15-day embryonic rat spinal cord to express the p75 low-affinity ngf receptor and we show that monoclonal antibody 192-igg, which binds to the extracellular domain of p75, selectively labels a sub-population of large multipolar ventral spinal cord neurons in vitro ... | 1992 | 1434751 |
| proliferative activity of bile duct epithelium after bacterial infection in dogs. | to clarify the relationship between proliferative activity in bile duct epithelia and bacterial infection in the dog, we induced obstructive cholestasis with a bacterial infection in two lobes of the liver. the bile duct branch draining the left lateral lobes of the liver was cannulated in all mongrel dogs. the dogs were divided into three groups and treated as follows: in group 1 the cannula was clamped after the injection of 10(7) escherichia coli (aerobic bacteria) and 10(7) bacteroides fragi ... | 1992 | 1439537 |
| a reassessment of the activity of the third-generation cephalosporins against anaerobes and staphylococcus aureus. | the in vitro activity of cefotaxime (ctx) alone and in combination with its metabolite desacetylcefotaxime (dctx) was evaluated against 106 isolates of bacteroides species. and 32 strains of staphylococcus aureus. all strains were recovered from infected tissues of diabetic patients. addition of dctx to the parent compound markedly increased the inhibitory activity against bacteroides species in general and bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides vulgatus in particular. no effect of the combination ... | 1992 | 1443357 |
| serum and blister fluid pharmacokinetics and bactericidal activities of ampicillin-sulbactam, cefotetan, cefoxitin, ceftizoxime, and ticarcillin-clavulanate. | ampicillin-sulbactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, cefoxitin, cefotetan, and ceftizoxime are promoted for the treatment of mixed aerobic-anaerobic bacterial infections. their activities have been compared in vitro but not in vivo. in order to assess the in vivo activities of these agents in serum and interstitial fluid, we administered single, intravenous doses of these antimicrobial agents to healthy subjects. concentrations of the antimicrobial agents in serum and suction-induced blister fluid and ... | 1992 | 1444304 |
| [the modelling of diffuse peritonitis]. | peritonitis is still an urgent problem and its solution is determined to a great measure by purposeful studies in the field of pathogenesis and treatment. the creation of adequate models of peritonitis acquires particular significance. eighty-four animals (dogs) were used to create the model. it is shown in the work that a standard model of generalized peritonitis can be produced by two injections of a polymicrobial suspension consisting of the most commonly encountered peritoneal microbes e. co ... | 1992 | 1447891 |
| a comparative study of randomly amplified polymorphic dna analysis and conventional phage typing for epidemiological studies of listeria monocytogenes isolates. | the analysis of rapd profiles generated by pcr with a single 10-mer, hlwl74, was compared to bacteriophage susceptibility data for epidemiological typing of listeria monocytogenes strains. a total of 104 l. monocytogenes strains was screened, all from serogroup 1 or serotype 4b. of these, 53 had been isolated during 6 different listeriosis outbreaks. the remaining 51 strains were chosen randomly from our collection. a total of 38 rapd types were observed, although each epidemic group of strains ... | 1992 | 1448626 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria isolated in johannesburg. | in vitro susceptibilities of 198 anaerobic bacteria to seven antibiotics were evaluated by the agar dilution method. in addition to testing amoxycillin/clavulanic acid in a 2:1 ratio against the bacteria, the combination was also tested against 63 isolates using fixed concentrations of clavulanic acid and serial dilutions of amoxycillin. penicillin and cefoxitin were not effective against beta-lactamase-producing bacteroides isolates and only 50% of isolates were susceptible to the 2:1 amoxycill ... | 1992 | 1448710 |
| [an electron microscopic study and the morphofunctional status of the lungs in an experimental reproduction of acute pneumonia]. | an analysis of the ultrastructural organization of alveocytes (types i and ii), endotheliocytes, interstitium alveolar, macrophages and aerohematic barrier in rabbits with experimental acute pneumonia revealed disorders of synthesis and release of surfactant on the alveolar surface. the observed in pneumonia edema and swelling of the aerohematic barrier components as well as the interstitium reduces the protective mechanism of alveols favouring transition of the disease to a protracted form. | 1992 | 1448991 |
| the effect of progestins on prolactin receptor gene transcription in human breast cancer cells. | the sex steroid hormone progesterone modulates the developmental and lactogenic activity of prolactin in the mammary gland. regulation of the level of prolactin receptor (prlr) provides one possible mechanism by which this may occur, prompting this investigation of the molecular mechanisms involved in progestin regulation of prolactin receptor levels. treatment of t-47d and mcf-7 human breast cancer cells with 10 nm of the synthetic progestin org 2058 for 24 hr resulted in an increase in all fou ... | 1992 | 1457040 |
| should cow milk be diluted for young infants. | | 1992 | 1459690 |
| neutralizing activity of human antibodies against the structural protein of human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i. | we have identified and mapped the regions responsible for neutralization in the human t-cell leukemia virus type i (htlv-i) structural proteins by using region-specific human antibodies derived from seropositive blood donors. we have obtained 18 kinds of region-specific antibody (2 in the p19 gag, 10 in the gp46 env and 6 in the gp21 env proteins) from seropositive human plasma by means of an affinity column coupled with the synthetic peptides corresponding to the antigenic regions of the htlv-i ... | 1992 | 1459728 |
| experimental studies of survival of anaerobic bacteria at 4 degrees c and 22 degrees c in two different transport systems. | the survival of anaerobic bacteria on swabs in two different transport systems at 4 degrees c and 22 degrees c was evaluated. the transport systems were a charcoal-impregnated cotton swab in modified stuart transport medium (mst), and a viscose swab in modified siff transport medium (btm) (bionor). the following eight clinical strains of anaerobic bacteria were tested for quantitative recovery at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h; fusobacterium necrophorum, bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides inte ... | 1992 | 1472363 |
| [study of the efficacy and tolerance of imipenem-cilastatin used as monotherapy for the adjuvant treatment to surgery of peritonitis. results of a french multicenter study including 257 patients]. | the antibiotic treatment of peritonitis classically resorts to the association of two and even three molecules. in order to test the efficacy of a single-drug therapy with tienam* imipenem/cilastatin) as an adjunctive treatment associated to surgery for perforation peritonitis, an open, non-comparative study of 257 patients was carried out in 28 departments. imipenem is the first beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem family. this antibiotic seems to be particularly useful for the treatment of ... | 1992 | 1474112 |
| delta sleep-inducing-peptide-like immunoreactivity (dsip-li) and delta sleep in schizophrenic volunteers. | delta sleep-inducing-peptide (dsip) has been reported to increase sleep in subjects with insomnia. the authors studied cerebrospinal fluid (csf) dsip-like immunoreactivity (dsip-li) in 15 drug-free male subjects with a dsm-iiir diagnosis of schizophrenia. the subjects underwent a lumbar puncture and three nights of polysomnography. csf dsip-li was significantly correlated with polysomnography the night before the lp: with stage 3 sleep (p = 0.05), stage 3 and delta (stages 3 + 4) sleep during th ... | 1992 | 1475566 |
| [bacterial translocation in crohn disease]. | bacterial translocation is the passage of viable endogenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to mesenteric lymph nodes and other internal organs. the aim of this work was to study bacterial translocation in patients operated on for crohn's disease. twenty-eight patients, mean age 29 years, not having received any antibiotics since at least 8 days, presenting with ileal (n = 12), ileo-colonic (n = 14) or colonic (n = 2) crohn's disease were studied. in 25 out of 28 cases (89%) indication ... | 1992 | 1478405 |
| the relative lethality of intestinal bacteria for gnotobiotic rats with experimental intestinal strangulation. | in eight experiments utilizing 28 animals each, germfree rats with and without ischemically or hemorrhagically strangulated closed loop intestinal segments were contaminated with either one of four common intestinal anaerobic bacteria, or a combination of two or three bacteria previously found to be innocuous in pure culture. the results showed that: a) in pure culture, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides melaninogenicus, and peptostreptococcus anaerobius were innocuous; b) fusobacterium necrophor ... | 1992 | 1479304 |
| pathogenicity of bacteroides fragilis group in rat intra-abdominal abscesses. | attempts were made to study the pathogenicity of some strains of bacteroides fragilis group in the rat intra-abdominal abscess model. multiple intraabdominal abscesses were produced in 50 to 70% of animals when an inoculum containing 10(9) cfu/ml of any of the five species of bacteroides fragilis group was injected. rising homologous antibody titers determined by indirect fluorescent antibody test were observed till the 3rd week when tested last, indirectly confirming the multiplication of the o ... | 1992 | 1479960 |
| expression of small heat shock proteins by the third-stage larva of brugia pahangi. | changes in proteins synthesised by the infective third-stage larvae (l3) of the filarial nematode brugia pahangi were examined with respect to the temperature shift encountered by the parasite as it migrates from insect to mammal, and the presence of serum in the culture medium. while the synthesis of a number of polypeptides is regulated by the temperature shift of the l3 from 28 degrees c to 37 degrees c in vitro, there is no evidence that serum has any significant effect on protein synthesis. ... | 1992 | 1484547 |
| sialic acid as receptor of bacteroides fragilis lectin-like adhesin. | it was observed that sialic acid and macromolecules rich in this sugar were able to inhibit the hemagglutination activity (ha) of bacteroides fragilis strains in low concentrations. reversion of the ha and also of the adsorption to beads of sepharose coupled to bovine submaxillary mucin, by this sugar residue corroborated the recognition capacity of the bacterial lectin-like adhesin. however, when erythrocytes were treated with clostridial neuraminidase, an increase in the ha of some strains was ... | 1992 | 1486234 |
| comparative in vitro activity of ro 40-6890, ro 41-3399, and other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of the ester ro 41-3399 and its free active acid ro 40-6890 was tested against 189 strains of anaerobic bacteria in comparison to other oral cephalosporins and to antimicrobial agents established in the treatment of anaerobic infections. prevotella, porphyromonas, peptostreptococcus, fusobacterium and clostridium spp. were susceptible to ro 40-6890, with few exceptions. due to its lack of activity against the major pathogens of the bacteriodes fragilis group, ro 40-6890 doe ... | 1992 | 1486894 |
| in vitro activity of ru 29246, the active compound of the cephalosporin prodrug ester hr 916. | the in vitro activity of ru 29246 was compared with those of other agents against 536 recent clinical isolates. the mics of ru 29246 for 90% of members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested (mic90s) were less than 2 micrograms/ml except those for morganella spp. (16 micrograms/ml) and proteus spp. (8 micrograms/ml). ru 29246 was active against staphylococcus aureus (mic90, < or = 8 micrograms/ml) and against staphylococcus saprophyticus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (mic90s, < or = 2 mi ... | 1992 | 1489178 |
| avoidance of endotoxin-induced inflammation during studies of albumin clearance from caprine joints. | intra-articular injection of radiolabelled, commercial goat serum albumin (gsa) produces acute arthritis in caprine joints. this inflammation distorts clearance values and vitiates studies of normal lymphatic function. endotoxin, routinely found in commercial albumin preparations, appears to cause this local reaction. we describe a simple method for the preparation of low-endotoxin, radioiodinated serum albumin from aseptically collected serum. we have used this technique to prepare gsa for use ... | 1992 | 1489542 |
| nuclear magnetic resonance and the brain. | the first successful demonstrations of nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) in bulk matter were reported in 1946 (bloch, hansen and packard 1946; purcell, torrey and pound 1946). since then nmr has become a widespread technique for investigating matter of all kinds. in the 1970's nmr was applied to living systems, including man, in 2 distinct approaches. one application was in the production of images (lauterbur 1973), called magnetic resonance imaging or mri, and the other in the production of nmr ... | 1992 | 1489641 |
| analysis of the glucose transporter content of islet cell lines: implications for glucose-stimulated insulin release. | glucose transport across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells is mediated by a family of homologous proteins. each glucose transporter isoform has a specific tissue distribution which relates to that tissue's demand for glucose. the beta-cells of pancreatic islets are known to express a distinct glucose transporter isoform, termed glut 2, which has a high km for glucose. in this study, we examined the glucose transporter content of normal rat islets and three beta cell lines, beta-tc, hit and ... | 1992 | 1489658 |
| artefactual resistance to metronidazole in anaerobes of the bacteroides fragilis group. | | 1992 | 1490925 |
| [antimicrobial activities of ceftazidime on fresh clinical isolates]. | antimicrobial activity of ceftazidime (caz) was compared with those of other cephem antibiotics against clinically isolated strains sent to us by medical institutions throughout japan in 1989 and 1991. those strains separated and identified from samples collected from patients with various infections were also examined, and the following results were obtained. 1. the results suggested that, compared with reports of studies conducted with clinical isolates in early 1980's, mic90 of caz in 1991 we ... | 1992 | 1494227 |
| [the influence of cefdinir on the intestinal bacterial flora]. | the influence of cefdinir (cfdn), a new oral cephalosporin, on the intestinal bacterial flora was studied in tetra-contaminated mice and in pediatric patients. cfdn in fine granules was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg once a day for 5 consecutive days to mice contaminated with 4 different species of organism: escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides fragilis and bifidobacterium breve. no remarkable changes were observed in the fecal viable cell counts except that decreases in e. c ... | 1992 | 1495195 |
| pulmonary emphysema in a nonsmoker with normal alpha-1-antitrypsin. | premature and rapidly progressing emphysema of the lung is unique in the absence of cigarette smoking or an inherited homozygous alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. we describe a young man with radiographic evidence of early onset bullous emphysema without the usual risk factors and provide a review of the alternative explanations proposed for this form of lung damage. | 1992 | 1500832 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of levofloxacin (l-ofloxacin), an optically active ofloxacin. | the antibacterial activity of levofloxacin was compared with those of ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and other antibiotics. in general, levofloxacin was equally active or up to fourfold more active than ofloxacin against all 801 organisms tested. levofloxacin was twofold [corrected] more active than ciprofloxacin against streptococcus pneumoniae and 2- to 4-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against staphylococcus aureus, xanthomonas maltophilia, and bacteroides fragilis. levofloxacin was two- to ei ... | 1992 | 1503449 |
| purification and characterization of an imipenem hydrolysing metallo-beta-lactamase from bacteroides fragilis. | an imipenem resistant beta-lactamase producing strain of bacteroides fragilis was isolated from a clinical specimen. the specific activity of the unpurified beta-lactamase was 5.5 u/mg protein. the beta-lactamase was purified 60-fold by q sepharose, sephacryl s-300 and mono q column passages. the strain was able to inactivate imipenem and cefoxitin in broth cultures. the enzyme hydrolysed imipenem more rapidly than ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, cephalothin and cefoxitin. the activity of the enzy ... | 1992 | 1506324 |