Publications

[hemobartonellosis in cats].		1970	5518970
haemobartonella bovis detected in the blood of british cattle.		1970	5531246
[a case of canine hemobartonellosis in the central african republic].		1970	5534035
[some pecularities of infectious and parasitic pathology in peru].		1970	5537753
[growth of bartonella bacilliformis in superimposed gels].		1970	5276315
the isolation of haemobartonella canis in association with babesia canis in a splenectomised dog.		1971	5103867
[carrion's disease (human bartonellosis). morphological study of the blood phase and the eruptive period using the electron microscope].		1971	5116483
[acute bartonella fever with scanty parasitism and subclinical anemia].		1971	5116484
[the lymphatic system and erythropoiesis. effect of splenectomy on the process of erythropoiesis inhibition following experimental polycythemia].		1971	5152817
the isolation of a large babesia species and other blood parasites from british cattle.		1971	4993977
[salmonella typhimurium in carrion's disease].		1971	4941889
haemobartonellosis.		1971	4949751
daniel carrión and oroya fever.		1971	4950363
research complications due to haemobartonella and eperythrozoon infections in experimental animals.		1971	4332292
[on the behavior of serum proteins in chickens during aegyptianella pullorum infection].		1971	4102357
[human immunoglobulins and their role in infectious pathology (review)].		1971	4105768
[grahamella and sporozoa as blood parasites of alpine small mammals (parasitological studies on alpine small mammals vii)].		1972	4400657
[incertae sedis parasites in comparative pathology].		1972	4196197
anemia and infection.		1972	4550838
[properties that characterize the erythrocyte factors required by bartonella bacilliformis for its growth].		1972	4516163
ultrastructure of haemobartonella felis from a naturally infected cat.		1972	5022409
pathogenesis of the verruga of carrion's disease. ultrastructural studies.	five patients having the "eruptive form" of carrion's disease were found to have bacteria in the fine fibrillar interstitium of the verrugas. features suggesting phagocytosis of the organisms by the verruga cells were observed. the bacteria are probably bartonella because they are similar to bartonella that parasitize red blood cells in the hematic phase of the disease. it is likely that after the hematic phase, unknown mechanisms, probably related to immunity, drive bartonella organisms to the ...	1972	5060580
haemobartonellosis in the domestic cat.		1972	4673737
ethyl palmitate-induced bartonellosis as an index of functional splenic ablation.		1973	4699660
transmission of haemobartonella canis by the dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus.		1973	4736045
[effect of splenectomy on circulating blood. ii. haemolytic anaemia produced by splenectomy (author's transl)].		1973	4749048
feline infectious anaemia. risk by age, sex and breed; prior disease; seasonal occurrence; mortality.		1973	4803918
dna base composition of rickettsiae.	there is a small but distinct difference in dna base composition between the typhus and spotted fever groups of rickettsiae. the molar percentages of guanine plus cytosine for rickettsia prowazeki, r. typhi, and r. canada are approximately 30, for r. rickettsi, r. conori, and r. akari they are about 32.5. the percentage for trench fever rickettsia, rochalimaea quintana, is 38.6.	1973	4633692
[factors required for the growth of bartonella baciliformis].		1973	4517376
[carrion's disease: useful nutrients for the growth of bartonella bacilliformis].		1973	4519947
anemia virus as a distinct component of the murine leukemia-sarcoma complex of viruses.		1973	4352740
eperythrozoon and haemobartonella in primates.		1973	4204746
eperythrozoon and haemobartonella in monkeys.		1974	4210496
[infectious anemia in the cat].		1974	4460274
investigations into the epidemiology of bovine petechial fever in kenya and the potential of trombiculid mites as vectors.		1974	4460317
effects of selected tissue antisera--spleen-bone marrow, brain, thyroid, pancreas, pituitary, thymus, etc.--in vivo or in vitro: a review covering 30 years researches at the university of texas medical branch.		1974	4139777
a case of carrion's disease associated with human sacrifice from the huari culture of southern peru.		1974	4606100
[verruga peruana. evaluation of bartonella bacilliformis nutrients in gel].		1974	4527596
feline infectious anaemia.		1974	4852034
selected topics in laboratory animal medicine volume xxiv: the hamster.		1975	1099881
implication of phlebotomus sand flies as vectors of bartonellosis and leishmaniasis as early as 1764.	a written account implicating phlebotomus sand flies as vectors of carrion's disease and cutaneous leishmaniasis in peru was published by cosme bueno in 1764. bueno's report precedes other publications implicating sand flies in the transmission of human pathogens by nearly a century and a half.	1975	1101379
[blood parasites of small wild mammals in czechoslovakia].	the author investigated 4,853 specimens of wild living small mammals (43 species: insectivora, chiroptera, lagomorpha, rodentia, carnivora) from czechoslovakia for blood parasites. trypanosomes were found in talpa europaea, sorex alpinus, crocidura suaveolens, myotis myotis, apodemus sylvaticus, apodemus flavicollis, mus musculus, rattus norvegicus, clethrionomys glareolus and microtus agrestis. babesia was detected in myotis emarginatus, myotis myotis, clethrionomys glareolus, microtus arvalis ...	1975	1158292
an indirect hemagglutination test for the diagnosis of eperythrozoon suis infection in swine.	an indirect hemagglutination test was developed to detect naturally occurring eperythrozoonosis in swine and to follow experimentally induced infections serologically. the antigen used was prepared from the plasma of acutely infected, splenectomized pigs. the test was specific and reliable in detecting swine latently infected with the disease.	1975	1163869
studies on feline haemobartonellosis. iii. scanning electron microscopy of haemobartonella felis.		1975	1237746
[is there chromomycosis in spain?].	the first case of autochthonous chromomycosis in spain is described by the author. the patient lived in the valencia province and the mycologic investigation was carried out by prof. dante borelli of venezuela.	1975	1241702
a passive hemagglutination test for diagnosis of trench fever due to rochalimaea quintana.	a passive hemagglutination test devised for diagnosis of trench fever was easily performed and highly sensitive and specific. tanned sheep erythrocytes were sensitized with soluble antigen from rochalimaea quintana. the test detected antibody in six of seven cases of primary infection and in four cases of late, relapsed trench fever. titers of antibody ranged from 1:20 to 1:640. although both igm and igg antibody to r. quintana were detected by passive hemagglutination, igg appeared to be the ma ...	1976	63526
blood parasites of local pigs in ibadan.		1976	936304
letter: eperythrozoon wenyoni, a possible cause of anaemia in british cattle.		1976	936451
autoimmune factors associated with anaemia in acute haemobartonella and eperythrozoon infections of rodents.	eperythrozoon coccoides and haemobartonella muris produced in mice and rats respectively, essentially the same disease, characterized by anaemia, splenomegaly and in severe cases, haemoglobinuria with death. in both infections anaemia was associated with phagocytosis of erythrocytes by monocytes of the spleen, and with the presence of cold-active haema-glutinin for trypsinized red cells (cah). an antigen similar to the serum antigen (sa) associated with acute malaria and babesiosis was also foun ...	1976	946746
letter: the occurrence of eperythrozoon ovis in queensland.		1976	962744
[bartonellosis].		1976	1046395
[immunobiology of tuberculosis].	r. koch showed in 1882 in his so-called fundamental experiment that tuberculous guinea pigs exhibit a vigorous immunity against re-infection. in investigations in 1930--40 we showed that this immunity is not mediated by humoral antibodies. it is a cellular process, a local and general activation of the macrophage system (the system of mononuclear phagocytes). the tuberculous granuloma consists of activated macrophages and their descendants (epitheloid and giant cells), which inhibit the growth a ...	1976	1085918
[an outbreak of "wet tail" in hamsters due to tyzzer's organism (author's transl)].	in a colony of golden hamsters, many animals were found to show signs of "wet tail", and spontaneous deaths occurred during two months. with this outbreak of wet tail and death, etiologic and pathologic studies were made on 11 cases supplied from the colony. gross pathologic examination disclosed hemorrhagic enteritis in 10 and necrotic foci in the liver in 5 out of 10 cases examined. a number of bacilli morphologically suggestive of tyzzer's organisms were detected on smears of cut surfaces of ...	1977	560308
[presence of the parasite bartonella bacilliformis in the blood and its recovery in thymectomized mice. strains: 049, 35, 12 and 15].		1977	279054
enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoprecipitation tests for the detection of antibodies to rochalimaea (rickettsia) quintana.		1977	320604
[the course of trypanosoma cruzi infection in nonsplenectomized spe rats with and without haemobartonella muris infection (author's transl)].	rats were infected with h. muris from the first to the second week of their life. four weeks later 20 of the infected rats were inoculated with 1.5 x 10(5) t. cruzi. control animals were given the same number of parasites. in both experimental groups no hemoflagellate could be seen in blood smears four weeks after infection. the comparison of the course of infection of t. cruzi in rats with and without h. muris was made using t- and wilcoxon-test for pair differences. rats with h. muris infectio ...	1977	414392
[verruga peruana in ecuador. apropos of 3 cases].	three cases of peruvian verruca, one autoctonous from the town of guayaquil (ecuador), are described by the authors. a comparative study with the peruvian cases is made.	1977	364206
[latex-chagestest-reactions of immunsera against bartonella bacilliformis, haemobartonella muris and eperythrozoon coccoides (author's transl)].	sera from 10 patients positive for carrion's disease were analysed by means of the latex chagas test. sera from 40 spf-rats experimentally infected with haemobartonella muris and 5 spf-mice experimentally infected with eperythrozoon coccoides were similarly tested. both the human and mice sera were negative whereas positive reaction was observed with rat sera. the nature of this positive reaction has not been clarified.	1977	888185
vole agent identified as a strain of the trench fever rickettsia, rochalimaea quintana.	the vole agent described by baker in 1946 was studied as an example of a bacterium that has been mistakenly regarded a rickettsia. unlike rickettsiae, the vole agent killed chicken embryos with great irregularity, multipled primarily at the surface of avian or mammalian cells and not intracellularly, produced colonies rather than plaques on chicken embryo monolayers under agar, and developed small colonies after 4 to 7 days of cultivation on blood plates. it was most conveniently cultivated on m ...	1978	417026
enzyme immunoassay of antibody to rochalimaea quintana: diagnosis of trench fever and serologic cross-reactions among other rickettsiae.	enzyme immunoassay (eia) tests were used to diagnose trench fever and to determine cross-reactions of rochalimaea quintana with other rickettsiae. the results were compared with those obtained by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie). all sera from cases of primary or relapsed forms of trench fever were positive both in eia, with serum antibody titers of 1:20-1:640, and in cie, giving one to three precipitin lines. sera from patients with other rickettsial infections were also tested for reactivity ...	1978	351072
[anemias secondary to parasitosis].		1978	98817
morphological and cell association characteristics of rochalimaea quintana: comparison of the vole and fuller strains.	the vole and fuller strains of rochalimaea quintana were grown on monolayers of mouse l cells irradiated 7 days previously and examined by light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. most of the bacteria of both strains were shown to adhere to the l cells but remained in an extracellular location. cell division was frequently seen among the extracellular bacteria. the few intracellular bacteria seemed to be within vacuoles and did not multiply. attachment to the eucaryoti ...	1978	681283
[protozoa of small mammals in the neusiedlersee region].	during the years 1975 and 1976, 169 mammals (26 species) were investigated for their parasites. it was possible to recognise 33 different species of protozoans, belonging to the following genera: trypanosoma, giardia, hexamita, entamoeba, eimeria, isospora, toxoplasma frenkelia, hepatozoon, babesia, balantidium, pneumocytis, grahamella, eperythrozoon.--epidemiology and eventual pathogenic effects are briefly discussed.	1978	727554
effect of specific antibody and complement on the survival of rochalimaea quintana in vitro.	no bactericidal effect was produced when rochalimaea quintana was exposed for 1 h to a combination of high-titered anti-r. quintana rabbit serum and guinea pig complement.	1978	730348
hematological, splenic and adrenal changes associated with natural and experimental infections of trypanosoma lemmi in the norwegian lemming, lemmus lemmus (l.).	both natural and experimental trypanosoma lemmi infections in norwegian lemmings caused slight anemias and hypoglycemia. leucocyte counts remained the same. adrenal and splenic hypertrophy were associated with natural infections whereas only splenic hypertrophy was present in the experimental infection. grahamella sp. infections were also associated with adrenal and splenic hypertrophy in wild lemmings. it is suggested that blood parasites which are associated with anemia, hypoglycemia and adren ...	1978	744544
hemotropic bacteria.		1979	481540
intraerythrocytic parasites in rodent populations of connecticut: babesia and grahamella species.	a total of 612 peromyscus leucopus, 11 microtus pennsylvanicus, 21 clethrionomys gapperi, and 4 tamias striatus was collected in connecticut and examined for babesia and grahamella during 1976 and 1977. babesia antibodies were detected in sera of 9 p. leucopus collected from 4 sites. babesia parasites were not detected in the blood smears of captured rodents. subsequent splenectomy and subinoculation of blood from these rodents into susceptible animals failed to induce disease and no babesia was ...	1979	512755
taxonomic relationship of vole agent to rochalimaea quintana.	we investigated the recent claim that the vole agent, a rickettsia-like microorganism isolated from wild voles by baker in 1946, is actually a strain of rochalimaea quintana, the etiological agent of trench fever. the two organisms were compared on the basis of percent guanine-plus-cytosine content, genome size, deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization, polypeptide composition, and serological relationships. although the two organisms do have identical or nearly identical deoxyr ...	1979	393636
immunochemical and biological properties of the outer membrane-associated lipopolysaccharide and protein of rochalimaea quintana.	the outer membrane complex of rochalimaea quintana was isolated by use of ethylene-eiaminetetraacetate and was compared biochemically and biologically both with lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated by phenol-water extraction of whole organisms and with lipids isolated by chloroform-methanol extractions of the phenol-water insoluble residues. the outer membrane consisted of protein and lps components, as distinguished by precipitin tests with sera from patients with trench fever or tests with hyperi ...	1980	6768814
haemotropic bacteria in man.		1980	6108404
[correlations between gastric erosions and duodenal ulcer. endoscopic study].	123 varioliform, 105 aphthous and 48 haemorrhagic flat erosions were noted in 2618 gastroduodenoscopies. a high incidence of erosions were associated with duodenal ulcer (43% of duodenal ulcers), especially in varioliform types and antrally. it is suggested that antral varioliform erosions form an integrating part or even the sole expression of an ulcer, and thus be seen as "sentinels" of an existing, potential or prior duodenal ulcer. based on statistics, this view is supported by the maximum s ...	1980	7383408
[a new rickettsiale of gambia rats (cricetomys gambianus) in senegal : grahamella kaniae n. sp. (bartonellacae)].	giant rat (cricetomys gambianus waterh) is a big rodent very common in west africa. its burrow is bordering upon huts and lofts in the african villages. omnivorous, it is more or less a commensal of the man. the blood of 20 adults male and female specimens captured in the sine saloum (fatik) and presqu'ille du cap vert (dakar) regions was examined (peripheric blood smears). in 60 p. 100 (12/20) of hemograms, an intraerythrocytic organism of the genus grahamella brumpt 1911 was observed. rod-shap ...	1981	7346907
[a new rickettsiale (ehrlichiae) in leukocytes of the blood of gambia rats (cricetomys gambianus) in senegal : cytoecetes kamtchoulii n. sp].	among 20 hemograms (peripheric blood smears) carried out upon some adults male and female giant rats, (cricetomys gambianus) captured in the dakar region, two (10 p. 100) are infected by one rickettsiale of the ehrlichiae tribe and of the cytoecetes genus tyzzer, 1938. polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes and monocytes, more or less 1/25, and monocytes, more or less 1/40, of the systemic circulation are infected by "elementary bodies" (diameter : 0.1 to 0.3 mu) included in the cell protoplasm ...	1981	7346908
[characteristics of the spread of bartonellosis and the measures for its prevention].		1981	6913508
bartonella bacilliformis: colonial types and erythrocyte adherence.	bartonella bacilliformis was cultivated on a solid medium, and two bartonella colonial morphologies were differentiated and designated colony types t1 and t2. although both t1 and t2 bartonellae adhered to human erythrocytes in vitro, approximately twice as many t2 bartonellae adhered as did t1. maximum adherence required bartonella energy, most likely proton motive force-dependent motility. bartonellae did not penetrate or lyse erythrocytes in vitro. bartonellae adhered poorly to alpha- or beta ...	1981	7012005
infections with blood parasites in the small british rodents apodemus sylvaticus, clethrionomys glareolus and microtus agrestis.	three populations of small wild british rodents were studied by capture-recapture methods over a period of 3 years, a fourth group was studied for 1 year and a fifth was sampled annually for 4 years. blood smears were taken from 3 species of rodents: the woodmouse apodemus sylvaticus, the bank vole clethrionomys glareolus (and an island sub-species c.g. skomerensis) and the short-tailed vole microtus agrestis. the smears were examined microscopically. four genera of haemoparasites babesia, hepat ...	1981	7022328
ornithine metabolism in the genus rochalimaea.	ornithine metabolism was studied in two strains of the trench fever rickettsia rochalimaea quintana, fuller and guadalupe, and in the vole agent, a strain of rochalimaea but not necessarily of rochalimaea quintana. the metabolic activity of intact cells and cell-free extracts was measured by monitoring the evolution of 14co2 from [1-14c]ornithine. low levels of activity were obtained with all three strains, but requirements for the demonstration of this activity differed. with the cells of the f ...	1982	7061394
erythrocyte macrocytosis in feline leukemia virus associated anemia.	using erythrocyte volume distribution histograms (erythrograms), erythrocyte macrocytosis and anisocytosis were quantitated in 139 cats tested for feline leukemia virus group-specific antigen. feline leukemia virus-negative cats with non-regenerative anemia or normal packed cell volumes had normal mean corpuscular volume values. uninfected cats with regenerative anemia had prominent significantly increased macrocytosis and anisocytosis (p less than 0.01). ninety percent of 62 feline leukemia vir ...	1983	6316617
analysis of fatty acids of the genus rochalimaea by electron capture gas chromatography: detection of nonanoic acid.	the fatty acid compositions of rochalimaea quintana, strains fuller and guadalupe, and r. vinsonii, the canadian vole agent, were determined in an effort to further characterize these bacteria. the cells were saponified with 5% naoh in 50% methanol and acidified to ph 2. the methanolysates were extracted with chloroform, derivatized with 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, and analyzed using a hewlett-packard gas chromatograph equipped with a frequency pulse-modulated electron capture detector and a 3% ov-1 ...	1984	6715507
antibiotic susceptibility patterns in rochalimaea quintana, the agent of trench fever.	rochalimaea quintana, the etiological agent of trench fever, was tested by an agar dilution method for its susceptibility to the following 14 antibiotics: penicillin g, methicillin, ampicillin, cephalothin, vancomycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, kanamycin, rifampin, colistin, and amphotericin b. the mic of each of these antibiotics was determined. the results showed that r. quintana is susceptible in vitro to these antibiotics, with the exception of v ...	1984	6742814
tissue reaction in bartonellosis may suggest kaposi's sarcoma.		1985	3839371
hundredth anniversary of carrión's death.		1985	3911359
antibodies to bartonella bacilliformis as determined by fluorescence antibody test, indirect haemagglutination and elisa.	two strains of bartonella bacilliformis were cultured on columbia agar supplemented with 5% defibrinated human blood. antigens prepared from these cultures were used for determination of antibodies by fluorescence antibody test (fat) indirect haemagglutination (iha) and an enzyme immunoassay (elisa). one hundred and eighty-seven human sera from b. bacilliformis-endemic areas of peru were tested of which 63.6% were reactive. elisa was the most sensitive test, followed by fat and iha. igm antibody ...	1985	3911360
[tribute to the peruvian martyr of medicine, dr. daniel alcides carrión, on the centenary of his sacrifice, 1885-1985].		1985	3914220
a common origin of rickettsiae and certain plant pathogens.	on the basis of ribosomal rna sequence comparisons, the rickettsia rochalimaea quintana has been found to be a member of subgroup 2 of the alpha subdivision of the so-called purple bacteria, which is one of about ten major eubacterial divisions. within subgroup alpha-2, r. quintana is specifically related to the agrobacteria and rhizobacteria, organisms that also have close associations with eukaryotic cells. this genealogical grouping of the rickettsiae with certain plant pathogens and intracel ...	1985	3931222
seasonal and age distributions of babesia, hepatozoon, trypanosoma and grahamella species in clethrionomys glareolus and apodemus sylvaticus populations.	four common blood parasites belonging to the genera babesia, hepatozoon, trypanosoma and grahamella were detected in sympatric populations of clethrionomys glareolus and apodemus sylvaticus. seasonal changes in the abundance of hosts and parasites were monitored in a longitudinal field survey for 18 months. all parasites in both hosts showed similar seasonal patterns with most transmission occurring in summer and autumn and ceasing in winter. amongst aged subsets of each host population, hepatoz ...	1986	3537923
entry of bartonella bacilliformis into erythrocytes.	bartonella bacilliformis, which causes the human diseases oroya fever and verruga peruana, binds to human erythrocytes in vitro and produces substantial and long-lasting deformations in erythrocyte membranes, including cone-shaped depressions, trenches, and deep invaginations. the deforming force is probably provided by the polar flagella of these highly motile bacteria. deep invaginations containing bacteria are commonly seen, and membrane fusion at the necks of the invaginations leads to the f ...	1986	3770946
sandfly control perspectives.		1986	3092718
selected observations on rickettsiae and their host cells.	the study of the interaction between rickettsiae and their host cells is in its infancy. members of the genera rickettsia, coxiella and rochalimaea show considerable diversity in host cell range (in vivo vs. in vitro), kind of association with host cell (pericellular, intracellular), mode of entry, interactions with various host cell membranes, intracellular localization (intraphagosomal, free in cytoplasm, intranuclear), adaptation to preferred microhabitat (e.g., optimal ph for enzymes), detai ...	1986	2871738
histology, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructure of the verruga in carrion's disease.	twenty-six verruga peruana nodules were studied. the presence of factor viii-related antigen and ulex europaeus lectin binding, and the ultrastructural finding of rudimentary cell junctions and pinocytotic vesicles establish the endothelial character of the proliferating cells in the verruga nodules. whereas superficial lesions could show an angiomatoid pattern, deep-situated nodules tended to present a compact type of growth. electron-microscopic studies have shown that bartonella bacilliformis ...	1986	2428261
[the man behind the syndrome: daniel carrión. he died when he experimented on himself with the peruvian national disease].		1987	3298897
verruga peruana mimicking malignant neoplasms.	we have shown that in some cases fully developed florid verruga peruana nodules, as well as late-resolving, deeply situated lesions, can histologically suggest a variety of tumors to experienced pathologists. the compact proliferation of endothelial cells characteristic of florid verruga lesions can give rise to two pseudoneoplastic histologic patterns. one consists of sheets or islands of cells arranged in an epithelioid or pseudoepithelioid pattern (cases 1 and 2) in which the following histol ...	1987	3631453
[chronic bartonellosis of the verruga peruana type (carrion's disease)].		1988	3239909
cat scratch disease, bartonellosis, and kaposi sarcoma.		1988	2904546
daniel a. carrion: 1858-1885.		1988	2905699
analysis and preparation of bartonella bacilliformis antigens.	twenty-four antigens of bartonella bacilliformis, a bacterium which causes bartonellosis in residents of high altitude valleys of the andes, were identified by immunoblot and immunoprecipitation using rabbit anti-bartonella sera as well as sera of patients. the antigens were designated according to their relative molecular mass which ranged from 16 to 160 kda. twelve antigens were detected by antibodies in sera of bartonellosis patients using immunoblot, of which six antigens were detected by im ...	1988	3044156
common surface epitope of bartonella bacilliformis and chlamydia psittaci.	a serosurvey revealed intense cross-reactivity between bartonella bacilliformis and chlamydia psittaci. one of the cross-reacting bartonella antigens was identified as lipopolysaccharide which reacted with bartonella as well as with chlamydia serum antibodies. a monoclonal bartonella antibody bound to bartonella lipopolysaccharide as well as to the surfaces of bartonella bacilliformis and chlamydia psittaci. it was thus demonstrated that chlamydia psittaci carries a surface epitope identical to ...	1988	2461660
bartonellosis and kaposi sarcoma of aids.		1989	2564943
the line blot: an immunoassay for monoclonal and other antibodies. its application to the serotyping of gram-negative bacteria.	a procedure is described for assaying antibodies based on the application of antigen to nitrocellulose as a line with an ink pen point. the method requires no expensive apparatus, is easy to perform, and requires less than 0.25 micrograms of antigen per assay. more than 45 antigens can be assayed simultaneously with a single antibody. antigens can be applied as purified proteins, extracts, or sodium dodecyl sulfate solubilized extracts. the application of the line blot assay for the detection of ...	1989	2607166
trench fever in belfast, and the nature of the 'relapsing fevers' in the united kingdom in the nineteenth century.	some evidence is assembled to suggest that trench fever, an infection with a strain of rochalimaea, if not quintana, then vinsonii, was present in belfast in the first half of the nineteenth century in endemic and epidemic form. it may have amounted at times to one half or more of 'fever'. this may account for the comparatively low mortality in some years from 'fever'. the phrase 'relapsing fever' in the nineteenth and twentieth century medical literature of the united kingdom should not be take ...	1989	2672525