Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| in vitro investigation of the indirect pathogenicity of beta-lactamase-producing microorganisms in the nasopharyngeal microflora. | nasopharyngeal microflora contains some beta-lactamase-producing microorganisms. in this study, we investigated in vitro on the indirect pathogenicities of haemophilus parainfluenzae (h. parainfluenzae) and moraxella catarrhalis (m. catarrhalis) against the antipneumococcul activities of some beta-lactams. | 2005 | 15763284 |
| intraspecies genetic variability of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in commercial birds in peru. | strains of the bacterium ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort), a causal agent of respiratory diseases in birds, were microbiologically isolated, identified, and molecularly characterized. blood-enriched culture media and biochemistry tests were used for microbiologic identification. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and repetitive extragenic palindromic pcr (rep-pcr) techniques were used for molecular identification and characterization, respectively, of the microorganism. ort strains were isolat ... | 2005 | 15839422 |
| effects of differences in virulence of different serovars of haemophilus paragallinarum on perceived vaccine efficacy. | the virulence of four south african field isolates of nad-dependent haemophilus paragallinarum and two field isolates of nad-independent h. paragallinarum has previously been tested in unvaccinated chickens. in this study, the disease profiles caused by the nad-dependent isolates of h. paragallinarum in vaccinated chickens were studied. it was shown that the clinical signs induced in the vaccinated chickens were substantially less severe than were those in unvaccinated chickens, as was expected. ... | 2005 | 15991700 |
| haemophilus paragallinarum secretes metalloproteases. | haemophilus paragallinarum secretes metalloproteases into different culture media lacking serum. secreted proteins, concentrated by precipitation with 70% ammonium sulphate ((nh(4))(2)so(4)) or methanol, displayed proteolytic activity at >100 kda molecular mass in 10% polyacrylamide gels co-polymerized with porcine gelatin (0.1%). they were active in a broad ph range (4-9); ph 7.5 being the optimum. protease activity was inhibited by 20 mmol edta/l and reactivated by calcium. the proteolytic act ... | 2005 | 16333350 |
| protection conferred by bivalent and trivalent infectious coryza bacterins against prevalent serovars of avibacterium (haemophilus) paragallinarum in mexico. | the protection and level of hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) antibodies conferred in infectious coryza bivalent- and trivalent-immunized chickens against avibacterium (haemophilus) paragallinarum field isolates of the prevalent serovars in mexico (a-1, a-2, b-1, and c-2) were investigated. the bivalent bacterin (a-1 and c-1) conferred significant protection and increased hi antibodies against isolates of serovars a-1, a-2, and c-2, but not against a serovar b-1 isolate. the trivalent bacterin (a ... | 2005 | 16405004 |
| evaluation of the protection conferred by a disinfectant against clinical disease caused by avibacterium paragallinarum serovars a, b, and c from argentina. | this work evaluates the efficiency of the administration of the disinfectant n-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (timsen) in the prevention of the horizontal transmission of serovars a, b, and c of avibacterium paragallinarum, the causative agent of avian infectious coryza. this disinfectant was administered in drinking water (50 ppm) and once or twice per day by coarse spray (800 ppm, 8 ml per m3 during 3 seconds). in three trials conducted with vaccinated birds, the disinfectant reduced ... | 2005 | 16405005 |
| reclassification of pasteurella gallinarum, [haemophilus] paragallinarum, pasteurella avium and pasteurella volantium as avibacterium gallinarum gen. nov., comb. nov., avibacterium paragallinarum comb. nov., avibacterium avium comb. nov. and avibacterium volantium comb. nov. | this paper describes a phenotypic and genotypic investigation of the taxonomy of [haemophilus] paragallinarum, pasteurella gallinarum, pasteurella avium and pasteurella volantium, a major subcluster within the avian 16s rrna cluster 18 of the family pasteurellaceae. an extended phenotypic characterization was performed of the type strain of [haemophilus] paragallinarum, which is nad-dependent, and eight nad-independent strains of [haemophilus] paragallinarum. complete 16s rrna gene sequences wer ... | 2005 | 15653900 |
| the changes of growth activities in pituitaries of tadpoles at different metamorphic stages. | 2005 | 1087615 | |
| ocular care in the paralyzed face. | 2005 | 1231071 | |
| retinal vein occlusion. | retinal vein occlusion is a common form of retinal vascular disease, especially in middle-aged and older individuals. the diagnosis is based on the funduscopic finding of retinal vein dilatation in association with retinal hemorrhages and cotton-wool spots. the pathology can involve the entire venous system or can be limited to a branch of the central retinal vein. retinal vein occlusion can be distinguished clinically from diabetic retinopathy and other retinal diseases. treatment for the acute ... | 2006 | 1595515 |
| in vitro interactions of murine peritoneal macrophages and sarcoma cells. ii. induction of dna synthesis in macrophages. | unstimulated peritoneal macrophages grown in vitro for 5 days do not incorporate thymidine. sarcoma (aa) cells introduced to the culture on the fifth day die and disintegrate whereas the macrophages become markedly stimulated and autoradiography shows that they are triggered to synthesize dna. in syngeneic cocultures up to 28% of the macrophages incorporate thymidine after 5 days of coculture. | 2006 | 2870580 |
| in vitro interactions of murine peritoneal macrophages and sarcoma cells. ii. induction of dna synthesis in macrophages. | unstimulated peritoneal macrophages grown in vitro for 5 days do not incorporate thymidine. sarcoma (aa) cells introduced to the culture on the fifth day die and disintegrate whereas the macrophages become markedly stimulated and autoradiography shows that they are triggered to synthesize dna. in syngeneic cocultures up to 28% of the macrophages incorporate thymidine after 5 days of coculture. | 2006 | 2870580 |
| rapid separation of serum lipids for fatty acid analysis by a single aminopropyl column. | a rapid and simple method for separation of serum lipid classes for fatty acid analysis with a single aminopropyl solid phase glass column is described. the recoveries of cholesteryl esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phospholipids were all at least 98%. coefficients of variation less than 10% were obtained for absolute and relative amounts of most individual fatty acids analyzed after separation of serum lipid classes. this method provides an efficient and convenient tool to follow fa ... | 2006 | 1479296 |
| membrane vesicles released by avibacterium paragallinarum contain putative virulence factors. | avibacterium paragallinarum, the causative agent of infectious coryza, releases extracellular membrane vesicles (mvs), containing immunogenic proteins, proteases, putative rtx proteins, haemagglutinin, and nucleic acids, into the medium. mvs ranging 50-300 nm in diameter were observed by electron microscopy. they contained immunogenic proteins in the range of 20-160 kda, detected using vaccinated or experimentally infected chicken sera raised against av. paragallinarum, but not in pooled sera fr ... | 2006 | 16553833 |
| identification and immunogenicity of an immunodominant mimotope of avibacterium paragallinarum from a phage display peptide library. | avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza. the protective antigens of this important pathogen have not yet been clearly identified. in this paper, we applied phage display technique to screen the immunodominant mimotopes of a serovar a strain of a. paragallinarum by using a random 12-peptide library, and evaluated the immunogenicity in chickens of the selected mimotope. polyclonal antibody directed against a. paragallinarum strain 0083 (serovar a) was used as the ta ... | 2007 | 17049758 |
| immunogenicity and haemagglutination of recombinant avibacterium paragallinarum haga. | inactivated vaccines of avibacterium paragallinarum provide protection and reduce the economic losses caused by infectious coryza. however, inactivated bacterins provide protection only against the page serovars included in the vaccine. in this study, we investigated the immunological properties of a functional recombinant haemagglutinin protein (rhaga) derived from a taiwan isolate strain a9 as the immunogen for vaccination. the rhaga subunit vaccine protected 71% of immunized chickens against ... | 2007 | 17292567 |
| virulence characterization of avibacterium paragallinarum isolates from uganda. | avibacterium paragallinarum isolates from uganda were characterized for their virulence by comparison of their pathogenicity and their resistance to serum. pathogenicity was evaluated using commercial hisex brown layer chickens, local indigenous chickens, local turkeys and local guineafowls inoculated with 108 colony-forming units of av. paragallinarum and comparing their overall mean disease scores over a period of 20 days. persistence of the bacteria in the host and water was also investigated ... | 2007 | 17364508 |
| identification and expression of a gene encoding an epitope that induces hemagglutination inhibition antibody to avibacterium paragallinarum serovar a. | the aims of this study were the identification, cloning, and expression of a genetic region encoding an epitope that induces hemagglutination inhibition (hi) antibody against avibacterium paragallinarum serovar a and an evaluation of the recombinant protein for immunogenicity in chickens. although two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) with hi activity, designated s24-951 and s7-1716-5c, were generated in this study, no reactive proteins with both mabs were identified by western blot analysis. a gene ... | 2007 | 17461271 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility, plasmid profiles and haemocin activities of avibacterium paragallinarum strains. | in this study, 18 avibacterium paragallinarum isolates collected in taiwan from 1990 to 2003 were serotyped and tested for resistance to antimicrobial agents. serotyping revealed that 13 isolates were page serovar a and 5 isolates were page serovar c. more than 75% of the isolates were resistant to neomycin, streptomycin and erythromycin. the most common resistance pattern (15 isolates, 83.3%) was neomycin-streptomycin. furthermore, 88.9% of the isolates were resistant to two or more antibiotics ... | 2007 | 17485180 |
| the cloning and sequencing of the udp-galactose 4-epimerase gene (gale) from avibacterium paragallinarum. | the putative uridine diphosphate (udp)-galactose 4-epimerase encoding gene, gale, was isolated from avibacterium paragallinarum with the use of degenerate primers, colony hybridization and inverse pcr. the data revealed an open reading frame of 1017 bp encoding a protein of 338 amino acids with a molecular weight of 37 kda and an isoelectric point of 5.5. high sequence homology was obtained with an 87, 91 and 89% sequence identity on protein level towards the gale genes from actinobacillus pleur ... | 2007 | 17541831 |
| investigations of the occurrence of avibacterium paragallinarum infections in uganda. | investigations were conducted to determine the occurrence of avibacterium paragallinarum in poultry in uganda. a total of 710 each of bacteriologic and serum samples were taken from chickens and turkeys for demonstration of a. paragallinarum and antibodies. samples for isolation of a. paragallinarum were also subjected to direct polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for demonstration of the organism's presence. antibodies to a. paragallinarum were demonstrated in the sera using the hemagglutination in ... | 2007 | 17626479 |
| a comparison of a blocking elisa and a haemagglutination inhibition assay for the detection of antibodies to avibacterium (haemophilus) paragallinarum in sera from artificially infected chickens. | the ability of blocking elisas and haemagglutination-inhibition (hi) tests to detect antibodies in sera from chickens challenged with either avibacterium (haemophilus) paragallinarum isolate hp8 (serovar a) or h668 (serovar c) was compared. serum samples were examined weekly over the 9 weeks following infection. the results showed that the positive rate of serovar a specific antibody in the b-elisa remained at 100% from the second week to the ninth week. in chickens given the serovar c challenge ... | 2007 | 17656110 |
| avibacterium endocarditidis sp. nov., isolated from valvular endocarditis in chickens. | a novel species of the pasteurellaceae, avibacterium endocarditidis sp. nov., is proposed based upon characterization of 27 isolates from valvular endocarditis in adult broiler parents. all isolates shared the same pfge type after digestion of dna with smai and xbai. in addition, all isolates meet the phenotypic characters for the genus avibacterium. separation of the novel species from other species of avibacterium was possible by means of tests for catalase, symbiotic growth, aerobic growth on ... | 2007 | 17684246 |
| amplified 16s ribosomal dna restriction analysis for identification of avibacterium paragallinarum. | a molecular technique based on the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16s ribosomal genes amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr), referred to as amplified 16s ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra), was designed to identify 19 avibacterium paragallinarum strains isolated from infraorbital sinus and nasal turbinate bone samples of broiler chickens, breeders, and laying hens from different regions of peru. the 16s rdna was amplified by pcr using a pair of bacterial univers ... | 2008 | 18459296 |
| prevalence of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, actinobacillus suis, haemophilus parasuis, pasteurella multocida, and streptococcus suis in representative ontario swine herds. | tonsillar and nasal swabs were collected from weanling pigs in 50 representative ontario swine herds and tested for the presence of 5 important bacterial upper respiratory tract pathogens. all but 1 herd (2%) tested positive for streptococcus suis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr); 48% of herds were s. suis serovar 2, 1/2 positive. in all but 2 herds there was evidence of haemophilus parasuis infection. in contrast, toxigenic strains of pasteurella multocida were detected by a p. multocida--enz ... | 2008 | 18505187 |
| identification and characterization of haemagglutinin epitopes of avibacterium paragallinarum serovar c. | the objectives of this study were to identify haemagglutinin (ha) epitopes of avibacterium paragallinarum serovar c that are capable of eliciting haemagglutination inhibition (hi) antibody, and to investigate their immunogenic role. three conformational epitopes were detected on ha by blocking elisa and immuno-dot blot analysis using a panel of five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) with hi activity, designated 8c1c, 4g8b, 24e4d, 11e11b, and 10d1a. the minimum dna regions coding these three epitopes ... | 2008 | 18514440 |
| haemophilus paragallinarum haemagglutinin: role in adhesion, serotyping and pathogenicity. | it is suggested that haemophilus paragallinarum requires at least three haemagglutinins for adhesion during infection. this paper reports the partial purification and characterization of the ha-l haemagglutinin from h. paragallinarum strain 46-c3, a heat sensitive, trypsin sensitive haemagglutinin that has been shown to be the serovar specific haemagglutinin in this organism. using the pl and molecular mass obtained, it was shown that this protein shares similarities with other types of adhesins ... | 2008 | 18575059 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of avibacterium paragallinarum in the presence of other bacteria using a 5' taq nuclease assay: a new tool for diagnosing infectious coryza. | a 5' taq nuclease assay specific for avibacterium paragallinarum was designed and optimized for use in diagnosing infectious coryza. the region chosen for assay design was one of known specificity for av. paragallinarum. the assay detected av. paragallinarum reference strains representing the three page and the eight kume serovars, and field isolates from diverse geographical locations. no cross-reactions were observed with other avibacterium species, with other bacteria taxonomically related to ... | 2008 | 19023757 |
| secreted proteins of avibacterium paragallinarum are lethal for chicken embryo. | avibacterium paragallinarum causes infectious coryza in chickens. this bacterium secretes proteins of 110 kda (a putative rtx protein) and 120 kda. expression of these proteins increases by the addition of cacl(2), mgso(4), mnso(4), or ferric ammonium citrate and diminishes with cuso(4) or zncl(2). protein expression is optimal at 37 degrees c and ph 7.5. mortality (90-100%) of chicken embryos was observed when secreted proteins (sps) from a. paragallinarum reference or field isolates (serogroup ... | 2008 | 19120255 |
| identification of iron-acquisition proteins of avibacterium paragallinarum. | when avibacterium paragallinarum reference strain 0083 (serovar a) was grown in an iron-restricted culture medium, the expression of the 60, 68 and 93 kda outer membrane proteins increased as compared with normal media. sera of chickens experimentally infected with av. paragallinarum recognized these iron-restriction induced proteins, suggesting their expression in vivo. the three outer membrane proteins were identified as transferrin receptor and iron transport proteins by mass spectroscopy and ... | 2009 | 19468937 |
| phylogenetic relationships of unclassified, satellitic pasteurellaceae obtained from different species of birds as demonstrated by 16s rrna gene sequence comparison. | avian haemophili demonstrating in vitro satellitic growth, also referred to as the v-factor or nad requirement, have mainly been classified with avibacterium paragallinarum (haemophilus paragallinarum), avibacterium avium (pasteurella avium), avibacterium volantium (pasteurella volantium) and avibacterium sp. a (pasteurella species a). the aim of the present study was to assess the taxonomic position of 18 v-factor-requiring isolates of unclassified haemophilus-like organisms isolated from galli ... | 2009 | 19573597 |
| efficacy of autogenous killed vaccine of avibacterium paragallinarum. | the efficacy of killed vaccine of avibacterium paragallinarum with mineral oil adjuvant and aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvant was tested for antibody titers and protection. the autogenous vaccines at a concentration of 10(10) colony-forming units (cfu)/ml were administered to 5-wk-old male layers by subcutaneous injection in the neck twice at a 3-wk interval. each chicken was challenged with 10(8) cfu/ml in 400 microl of an homologous isolate of a. paragallinarum serotype a, ir1, at 4 wk after the ... | 2009 | 19848076 |
| serotyping of avibacterium paragallinarum isolates from peru. | this study appears to represent the first serotyping study of 24 isolates of avibacterium paragallinarum obtained from different regions of peru during 1998-2008. all isolates were characterized as beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent. according to the page scheme, modified by blackall, it was found that eight isolates were classified as serogroup a, seven isolates as serogroup b, and five isolates as serogroup c, while four isolates could not be serotyped. further serotyping, follow ... | 2009 | 19848090 |
| study on the efficacy and safety of different antigens and oil formulations of infectious coryza vaccines containing an nad-independent strain of avibacterium paragallinarum. | the present study was designed to assess and compare three different formulations of the new onderstepoort infectious coryza (ic) quadrivalent vaccine, which contain an nad-independent strain of avibacterium paragallinarum (previously known as haemophilus paragallinarum), and a commercial ic vaccine, not containing an nad-independent strain, for their safety and ability to protect chickens of varying ages against virulent challenges with four different serovars of a. paragallinarum, including th ... | 2009 | 21105597 |
| recombinant proteins containing the hypervariable region of the haemagglutinin protect chickens against challenge with avibacterium paragallinarum. | the haemagglutinin (ha) protein plays a key role in the immunogenicity and pathogenicity of avibacterium paragallinarum, but the domain organization and antigenicity exhibited by different domains of this protein remain unknown. this study reports the presence of a hypervariable region in the ha proteins of strains of serovars a and c of a. paragallinarum. this hypervariable region is located approximately at residues 1100-1600 of the ha protein. the sequence identity found in this hypervariable ... | 2010 | 21115052 |
| infectious coryza in chickens in great britain. | 2010 | 21262677 | |
| analysis of the biosynthesis genes and chemical components of the capsule of avibacterium paragallinarum. | the aim of this study was to investigate biosynthesis genes and chemical components of the capsule of avibacterium paragallinarum. the sequence of a 10-kb region containing the capsule biosynthetic locus of av. paragallinarum was determined. two reference strains, i.e., 221 (serovar a) and h18 (serovar c), together with four taiwanese field strains (all serovar c) were sequenced. the results showed that there are two genotypes (i and ii) of the capsule biosynthetic locus in av. paragallinarum, a ... | 2010 | 20362405 |
| identification of avibacterium paragallinarum serovar b-1 from severe infectious coryza outbreaks in panama. | the isolation and identification of avibacterium paragallinarum serovar b-1 from severe infectious coryza outbreaks in broiler breeders in panama is reported for the first time. infectious coryza was absent for over a decade in the breeder farms area. disease outbreaks were characterized by an up to 45% drop in egg production and increased mortality. use of a commercial trivalent bacterin and a strengthened biosecurity program prevented outbreaks in susceptible flocks in the farm. | 2010 | 20945795 |
| hemagglutinin serotyping of avibacterium paragallinarum isolates from ecuador. | avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza, an acute respiratory disease of chickens. in this study, a total of 28 isolates of a. paragallinarum from ecuador were serotyped by the hemagglutinin scheme which recognizes nine serovars. out of 28 isolates, 17 isolates belonged to serovar a-3, and five isolates to each serovars b-1 and c-1, whereas one isolate was non-typeable. this is the first report of a. paragallinarum serovar a-3 outside brazil and serovar c-1 outsid ... | 2010 | 21104010 |
| evaluation of two experimental infection models for avibacterium paragallinarum. | the clinical symptoms of infectious coryza are multiple and include nasal discharge, facial swelling, lacrimation, and anorexia. in general, the disease is not fatal to chicken; so, in experiments where animals are infected with avibacterium paragallinarum, there have been debates about conducting the challenge model and evaluating the clinical signs. in this experiment, 150 chickens, aged 30 days, were randomly divided into different groups. some groups were infected with the 'in-contact' chall ... | 2010 | 19729253 |
| preparation and use of autogenous vaccine from avibacterium paragallinarum (strain tan 1-05) in layer chickens. | the study was conducted to prepare and evaluate the use of autogenous vaccine from avibacterium paragallinarum (strain tan 1-05) in layer chickens. the results showed that all chickens vaccinated with autogenous vaccine with 10(8)cfu/ml in aluminum phosphate gel developed mat antibodies (gmt of 2.8 log2 to 5.3 log2) against a. paragallinarum infection. moreover, the results indicated that all chickens (n=6) selected from vaccinated chickens were protected against a. paragallinarum infection afte ... | 2010 | 19731063 |
| vaccination of one-day-old broiler chicks against infectious coryza. | in order to evaluate the protection conferred by an experimental inactivated vaccine against infectious coryza, three challenge trials were undertaken using 112 1-day-old broilers. the vaccine "hepa inmuno nc" included bacterial antigens of avibacterium paragallinarum (serogroups a, b, variant b, and c) as well as antigens of newcastle virus and hepatitis virus. fifty-six broiler chicks were vaccinated at the first day of life at the hatchery while another 56 chicks were left unvaccinated. three ... | 2011 | 21500647 |
| in this year of the veterinarian, we are including a series of papers on the history of veterinary medicine in australia. | disease control during the colonial period in australiaôçâ-àôçâneurological diseases of ruminant livestock in australiaôçâ-àôçâcoxiella burnetii in beef cattle in queenslandôçâ-àôçâdesmotomy for flexural deformity in thoroughbredsôçâ-àôçâacute myeloid leukaemia in a thoroughbred foalôçâ-àôçâgrowth variants of avibacterium paragallinarumôçâ-àôçâvolvulus in a dugong. | 2011 | 21696368 |
| unusual growth variants of avibacterium paragallinarum. | two isolates of haemophilic bacteria originally isolated in the 1980s from chickens were re-examined. the addition of a 10% sterile filtrate from an overnight culture of staphylococcus epidermidis allowed growth of both isolates in solid and liquid media that were otherwise not capable of supporting the growth of these isolates. using the modified media, genotypic and serotypic studies were performed, which confirmed both isolates to be avibacterium paragallinarum, with one isolate being serovar ... | 2011 | 21696378 |
| development of a multiplex pcr and pcr-rflp method for serotyping of avibacterium paragallinarum. | avibacterium (haemophilus) paragallinarum (a. paragallinarum) is a causative agent of infectious coryza in chickens, and is classified into three serovars by agglutination tests. in an effort to identify the serovars easily, pcr and pcr-rflp were employed. as the target gene for pcr, the hypervariable region of hmtp210 which encodes the ha antigen was used. pcr using primer sets around the hypervariable region amplified 0.8, 1.1 and 1.6 kbp fragments for serovars a, b, and c, respectively. alter ... | 2011 | 21979456 |
| aeromedical transfer of burned patients: a review with special reference to european civilian practice. | inter-hospital transfer of a patient with a burn injury can usually be undertaken with confidence, even for non-medical reasons, as long as it is undertaken with care. transfer by air has many advantages for the seriously burned patient provided that all potential risk factors are taken into account. there is a need to consider infection, the respiratory condition and the cardiovascular status of the patient. the possibility of other injuries should also be borne in mind. early transfer requires ... | 2011 | 3048564 |
| [evaluation of the endocrine function of the placenta and the feto-placental complex (clinical lecture)]. | 2011 | 3223530 | |
| eric-pcr genotyping of emergent serovar c-1 isolates of avibacterium paragallinarum from mexico. | between 2008 and 2010, 14 isolates of avibacterium paragallinarum were identified as serovar c-1 in mexico. all isolates were obtained from commercial laying hens suffering infectious coryza despite a history of vaccination. the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-based pcr genotyping showed that all isolates had a common pattern. until recently, serovars a-1, a-2, b-1, and c-2 were the serovars prevalent in mexico. serovar c-1 has been identified in japan and recently in the america ... | 2011 | 22312992 |
| identification and characterization of an rtx toxin-like gene and its operon from avibacterium paragallinarum. | avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza, an important respiratory disease of chickens. whole-genome sequencing analysis showed that a. paragallinarum strain h18 contains an rtx toxin-like operon with strong similarity to the rtx operons of other members of the pasteurellaceae. four genes, designated avxic, avxia, avxib, and avxid, were found in this operon. the avxia gene encodes the structural rtx toxin-like protein, which has a predicted molecular mass of about ... | 2012 | 23050471 |
| serovar identification, antimicrobial sensitivity, and virulence of avibacterium paragallinarum isolated from chickens in thailand. | avibacterium paragallinarum causes infectious coryza in chickens, an acute respiratory disease that has worldwide economic significance. the objectives of this study were to determine the serovars, antimicrobial resistance, and pathogenicity of a. paragallinarum isolated from chickens in thailand. eighteen field isolates of a. paragallinarum were confirmed by pcr. when examined by serotyping in a hemagglutination inhibition test, 10 isolates were serovar a, five isolates were serovar b, and thre ... | 2012 | 22856194 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of antibodies against infectious coryza vaccine. | infectious coryza is an acute respiratory disease caused by infection with avibacterium (haemophilus) paragallinarum. it is characterized by nasal discharge and facial swelling and is associated with growth retardation and a reduction in egg production. hemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests are used to estimate vaccine-induced immunity against infectious coryza in vitro; however, these procedures are complicated and their sensitivity is insufficient. to address these problems, an enzyme-linked ... | 2012 | 22545530 |
| multilocus sequence phylogenetic analysis of avibacterium. | this study examined 49 field isolates of the genus avibacterium, with these 49 being allocated to 36 epidemiologically unrelated groups with one isolate from each group being examined in detail. in addition, six type and reference strains were investigated. phylogenetic analysis of partially sequenced recn, rpob, infb, pgi and soda genes confirmed the existence of the species avibacterium paragallinarum, while a species complex encompassing avibacterium volantium, avibacterium avium, avibacteriu ... | 2012 | 22241047 |
| identification of the lic1abcd operon that controls the phase-variable expression of phosphorylcholine on lipopolysaccharide from avibacterium paragallinarum. | phosphorylcholine (chop) is an important virulence factor found on the surface of many mucosal pathogens and its expression enhances bacterial colonization on mucous membranes and reduces susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides. whole-genome sequencing analyses showed that avibacterium paragallinarum contained an operon with strong sequence similarity to the lic1abcd operon from haemophilus influenzae and the pcgdabc operon from pasteurella multocida; both operons are involved in metabolism and ... | 2013 | 23391184 |
| avxa, a composite serine-protease-rtx toxin of avibacterium paragallinarum. | avibacterium paragallinarum, the etiological agent of infectious coryza in chicken, was found to encode a bivalent serine-protease - rtx-porin toxin named avxa. this toxin is encoded on a classical rtx operon structure with the activator gene avxc, the structural serin-protease-rtx toxin gene avxa, and the genes for a proper type i secretion system avxbd. avxa is activated by the product of the avxc gene, secreted by the avxbd specified type i secretion system and proteolytically processed leavi ... | 2013 | 23380459 |
| development of a recombinant vaccine against infectious coryza in chickens. | infectious coryza is an acute respiratory disease of chickens caused by avibacterium paragallinarum, and this infection is associated with growth retardation and reduced egg production. previous studies have shown that hmtp210, a 210-kda outer-membrane protein, is the major protective antigen of av. paragallinarum both serovars a and c. region 2 is a serovar-specific domain in the hmtp210 protein. although the serovar c region 2 has been reported to be an effective vaccine antigen for infectious ... | 2013 | 23178044 |
| draft genome sequence of the virulent avibacterium paragallinarum serotype a strain jf4211 and identification of two toxins. | avibacterium paragallinarum is an important pathogen of chicken livestock causing infectious coryza. here, we report the draft genome sequence of the virulent a. paragallinarum serotype a strain jf4211 (2.8 mbp and g+c content of 41%) and the two toxin operons discovered from the annotation of the genome. | 2013 | 23950117 |
| draft genome sequence of avibacterium paragallinarum strain 221. | avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza. here we report the draft genome sequence of reference strain 221 of a. paragallinarum serovar a. the genome is composed of 135 contigs for 2,685,568 bp with a 41% g+c content. | 2013 | 23704189 |
| the improving results of cholecystectomy. | we reviewed the outcome of 389 consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy during the ten-year period from 1973 to 1983. significant discrepancies between this series and other published data were noted as follows: patients with acute cholecystitis, although older, had comparable morbidity and mortality rates with patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. diabetic and nondiabetic patients with acute cholecystitis had similar outcomes. in those patients with acute cholecystitis, delay in ... | 2013 | 3729712 |
| [increased antidiuretic hormone (adh) during asthmatic attacks in children. consideration for fluid management]. | 2013 | 3662829 | |
| genome sequence and comparative analysis of avibacterium paragallinarum. | avibacterium paragallinarum, the causative agent of infectious coryza, is a highly contagious respiratory acute disease of poultry, which affects commercial chickens, laying hens and broilers worldwide. | 2013 | 23861570 |
| [etiopathogenesis of chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities as a guideline in staging]. | 2013 | 3705629 | |
| [model concepts of disease formation and development from the viewpoint of psychotherapy]. | 2014 | 3993099 | |
| [surgical case of an uncommon knee joint disease]. | 2014 | 4234262 | |
| simultaneous typing of nine avian respiratory pathogens using a novel gexp analyzer-based multiplex pcr assay. | a new, rapid, and high-throughput genomelab gene expression profiler (gexp) analyzer-based multiplex pcr method was developed for simultaneous detection and differentiation of nine avian respiratory pathogens. the respiratory pathogens included in this study were avian influenza subtypes h5, h7, and h9, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg), mycoplasma synoviae (ms) and haemophilus paragallinarum ... | 2014 | 25025815 |
| maldi-tof mass spectrometry confirms difficulties in separating species of the avibacterium genus. | in the present study a well-characterized strain collection (n = 33) of avibacterium species was investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms). the robustness of the currently available reference database (bruker biotyper 3.0) was tested to determine the degree of identification of these strains. reproducible signal patterns were obtained from all strains. however, identification of most strains was only possible at genus level. furth ... | 2014 | 24802229 |
| the haemagglutinin of avibacterium paragallinarum is a trimeric autotransporter adhesin that confers haemagglutination, cell adherence and biofilm formation activities. | the haemagglutinin (ha) protein plays a key role in the immunogenicity and pathogenicity of avibacterium paragallinarum. a 210-kda protein (hmtp210) was previously reported to be the ha of av. paragallinarum, but the biological function of hmtp210 is not well defined. in this study, mutant strains that lacked hmtp210 were constructed using the targetron(®) gene knockout system. haemagglutination and haemagglutination-inhibition (hi) assays showed that the hmtp210-deficient mutants exhibited no h ... | 2014 | 25465664 |
| genotyping, pathogenicity, and immunogenicity of avibacterium paragallinarum serovar b-1 isolates from the americas. | the bacterium avibacterium paragallinarum is the etiologic agent of infectious coryza of chickens. among the nine kume serovars currently recognized in this bacterium, serovar b-1 is a common serovar in the americas. in the current study, serovar b-1 isolates from ecuador (seven isolates), mexico (seven isolates) and panama (two isolates) were genotyped. in addition one panamanian, one ecuadorian, and two mexican isolates were used in a vaccination-challenge trial in which the vaccine was based ... | 2014 | 25055635 |
| phylogenetic relationship of serovar c-1 isolates of avibacterium paragallinarum. | the bacterium avibacterium paragallinarum is the etiologic agent of infectious coryza of chickens. serovar c-1 has emerged in infectious coryza outbreaks in layer hens of ecuador and mexico. in the current study, genotyping and phylogenetic analyses of five ecuadorian and 10 mexican isolates of av. paragallinarum serovar c-1 were performed. all 15 isolates share a unique enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-based-pcr fingerprint and have identical 16s ribosomal rna and hemagglutinin a ... | 2014 | 24758127 |
| transcriptional profiling of chicken immunity-related genes during infection with avibacterium paragallinarum. | avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza (ic), which is an upper respiratory tract disease in chickens. the occurrence of outbreaks has emphasized the significance of the disease globally in the chicken industry. studies have demonstrated that early immune responses are critical in defining the severity and physiological outcome of an infection. this prompted the need to investigate the regulation of immune functions by the number of genes that are expressed during ... | 2014 | 24613002 |
| an evaluation of serotyping of avibacterium paragallinarum by use of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | in the present study, the ability of a recently proposed multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr) to determine the serogroups (a, b, and c) of avibacterium paragallinarum was evaluated. a total of 12 reference strains and 69 field isolates of av. paragallinarum from ecuador, mexico, panama, and peru were included in the study. with some exceptions (which were serotyped in the current study), all of the isolates and strains had been previously examined by 2 serotyping schemes (page and kume) or ... | 2014 | 24590665 |
| identification and functional analysis of the cytolethal distending toxin gene from avibacterium paragallinarum. | avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza, an important respiratory disease of chickens. cytolethal distending toxins (cdts) are a family of protein cytotoxins that cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in eukaryotic cells. whole-genome sequencing analysis showed that av. paragallinarum contains cdtabc genes. filter-sterilized lysates prepared from av. paragallinarum or from recombinant escherichia coli expressing cdtabc genes exhibited cdt activity on hela cells an ... | 2014 | 24188584 |
| safety and efficacy studies on trivalent inactivated vaccines against infectious coryza. | the safety and efficacy of an inactivated oil-emulsion infectious coryza vaccine containing three avibacterium paragallinarum isolates (one each of page serovars a, b, and c) was evaluated. the safety of six batches of the vaccine was confirmed by testing with chickens vaccinated with a single large dose or vaccinated repeatedly with a normal dose. efficacy tests were carried out on three batches of vaccine using both specific pathogen free (spf) chickens and conventional chickens. in spf chicke ... | 2014 | 23462450 |
| [some problems of infant's feet]. | 2015 | 4710710 | |
| naturally occurring β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-independent avibacterium paragallinarum isolate in peru. | the β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) requirement has been considered to be essential for the isolation of the causal agent of infectious coryza, avibacterium paragallinarum. nevertheless, nad-independent reports from south africa and mexico dismissed this paradigm. it is now accepted that both nad-dependent and nad-independent agents are able to cause infectious coryza and thus belong to the species a. paragallinarum. here, we report for the first time in peru a nad-independent isolate ... | 2015 | 26473688 |
| protection conferred by infectious coryza vaccines against emergent avibacterium paragallinarum serovar c-1. | infectious coryza is an upper respiratory disease of chickens caused by avibacterium paragallinarum. outbreaks of infectious coryza caused by av. paragallinarum serovar c-1 isolates in coryza-vaccinated flocks in ecuador and mexico have been reported. in the current study, the protection conferred by four commercially available, trivalent infectious coryza vaccines in chickens challenged with a serovar c-1 isolate from an apparent coryza vaccine failure in a layer flock in mexico was evaluated. ... | 2015 | 26292552 |
| loss of the capsule increases the adherence activity but decreases the virulence of avibacterium paragallinarum. | avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza, an important respiratory disease of chickens. the capsule is an important virulence determinant of many pathogenic bacteria, but the function of the capsule in av. paragallinarum is not well defined. in this study, acapsular mutants of av. paragallinarum were constructed by inactivation of the hcta gene using the targetron gene knockout system. the acapsular mutants were found to have greater hemagglutination activity than ... | 2015 | 26292540 |
| regulation of chicken immunity-related genes and host response profiles against avibacterium paragallinarum pathogen challenge. | infectious coryza (ic) is a well-recognised and commonly encountered upper respiratory tract disease in chickens. the aim of this study was to monitor aspects of the immune response of chickens infected with avibacterium paragallinarum. gene expression profiling of 30 genes was carried out for 11 chicken nasal area samples belonging to four groups, including one non-infected control group. for this purpose, 30 biomarker transcripts were selected for comparative gene expression analysis and were ... | 2015 | 26117375 |
| detection of avibacterium paragallinarum by polymerase chain reaction from outbreaks of infectious coryza of poultry in andhra pradesh. | this study was carried out for the detection of avibacterium paragallinarum from outbreaks of infectious coryza of poultry. | 2015 | 27047005 |
| transposed great arteries combined with totally anomalous pulmonary veins. a report of a successful correction. | 2015 | 4551764 | |
| motor-transformation learning. | 2015 | 4462078 | |
| validation of reference genes for real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) analysis of avibacterium paragallinarum. | real-time quantitative reverse transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) offers a robust method for measurement of gene expression levels. selection of reliable reference gene(s) for gene expression study is conducive to reduce variations derived from different amounts of rna and cdna, the efficiency of the reverse transcriptase or polymerase enzymes. until now reference genes identified for other members of the family pasteurellaceae have not been validated for avibacterium paragallinarum. the aim of this st ... | 2016 | 27942007 |
| virulence of serovar c-1 strains of avibacterium paragallinarum. | the bacterium avibacterium paragallinarum is the etiologic agent of infectious coryza of chickens. there are nine serovars of a. paragallinarum , and serovar c-1 has emerged in outbreaks of infectious coryza in layer hens in the americas, with all isolates having been obtained from infectious coryza-vaccinated chickens. in the current study, the clinical and histopathologic outcomes of experimental infections in chickens with a. paragallinarum of serovar c-1 were investigated. the japanese serov ... | 2016 | 27902901 |
| evaluation of the eric-pcr as a probable method to differentiate avibacterium paragallinarum serovars. | infectious coryza an upper respiratory tract-disease in chickens, caused by avibacterium paragallinarum, leads to huge economic losses. the disease is controlled through vaccination, but vaccination efficacy is dependent on correct identification of the infecting serovar, as limited cross-protection is reported amongst some serovars. current identification methods include the heamagglutination inhibition (hi) test, which is demanding, and could be subjective. to overcome this, molecular typing m ... | 2016 | 27866411 |
| antimicrobial sensitivity of avibacterium paragallinarum isolates from four latin american countries. | the antimicrobial sensitivity of 11 reference strains and 66 avibacterium paragallinarum isolates from four latin american countries was investigated. all 11 reference strains were sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, fosfomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, penicillin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. the 11 reference strains were all resistant to lincomycin. all isolates (100%) from mexico, panama, and peru were sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, amp ... | 2016 | 27610729 |
| the fimbrial protein is a virulence factor and potential vaccine antigen of avibacterium paragallinarum. | fimbriae are recognized as virulence factors and potential vaccine antigens of several pathogenic bacteria, but the function of the fimbriae from avibacterium paragallinarum is not well known. in this study, a gene encoding the fimbrial protein flfa was identified in a. paragallinarum . sequencing analysis of the putative promoter region of flfa suggests that flfa expression in a. paragallinarum might be controlled by phase variation. the flfa gene from a. paragallinarum was expressed as a recom ... | 2016 | 27610725 |
| evaluation of a proposed molecular methodology for the serotyping of avibacterium paragallinarum. | a multiplex (m)pcr and a pcr followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of avibacterium paragallinarum have been proposed as alternatives to conventional serotyping by the page scheme. we evaluated both methods, and also sequenced the pcr-rflp target fragment to reexamine the capacity of molecular serotyping. eleven reference strains and 27 field isolates were used. many reference strains and isolates were misidentified as page serogroup b. the sequence analysis reveale ... | 2016 | 27423732 |
| coinfection of avibacterium paragallinarum and ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in chickens from peru. | the coinfection of avibacterium paragallinarum and ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in two outbreaks of infectious coryza from peru is reported. the diagnosis was confirmed by bacteriologic isolation, pcr testing, and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene. the susceptibility of the isolates to 12 antimicrobial agents was tested by a disk diffusion method. the isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and florfenicol and were resistant to oxacillin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. the c ... | 2016 | 26953948 |
| identification of a hemagglutinin from gallibacterium anatis. | gallibacterium anatis has the ability to hemagglutinate rabbit erythrocytes; however, no bacterial component has yet been associated with this function. in the present work, a protein of approximately 65 kda with hemagglutinating activity for glutaraldehyde-fixed chicken erythrocytes was purified by ion interchange chromatography from g. anatis f149(t) secreted proteins. the protein was recognized by a rabbit polyclonal serum against a hemagglutinin from avibacterium paragallinarum. the 65 kda p ... | 2016 | 26729352 |
| the current epidemiological status of infectious coryza and efficacy of poulshot coryza in specific pathogen-free chickens. | infectious coryza (ic) is an infectious disease caused by avibacterium (av.) paragallinarum. ic is known to cause economic losses in the poultry industry via decreased egg production in layers. between 2012 and 2013, av. paragallinarum was isolated from seven chicken farms by chungbuk national university. we identified av. paragallinarum, the causative pathogen of ic by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and serovar serotype a, by multiplex pcr. antibiotic sensitivity tests indicated that a few fie ... | 2016 | 26726018 |
| coinfection of avibacterium paragallinarum and gallibacterium anatis in specific-pathogen-free chickens complicates clinical signs of infectious coryza, which can be prevented by vaccination. | avibacterium paragallinarum and gallibacterium anatis are recognized bacterial pathogens both infecting the respiratory tract of chickens. the present study investigated outcomes of their coinfection by elucidating clinical signs, pathologic lesions, and bacteriologic findings. additionally, the efficacy of a commercially available vaccine to prevent diseases caused by a. paragallinarum and g. anatis was evaluated. birds inoculated with g. anatis alone did not present any clinical signs and gros ... | 2017 | 28301236 |