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kr12 peptide associated with cyclodextrin: antimicrobial and antitumor activities.the aim of this study was to determine the physical properties and antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects of the kr12 peptide complexed with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (hp-βcd) in vitro. the kr12:hp-βcd composition was evaluated for particle size and its zeta (ζ)-potential in the presence and absence of cells. antimicrobial activity against streptococcus mutans, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and porphyromonas gingivalis for the peptide alone or associated was evaluated by minima ...201627907988
kr12 peptide associated with cyclodextrin: antimicrobial and antitumor activities.the aim of this study was to determine the physical properties and antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects of the kr12 peptide complexed with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (hp-βcd) in vitro. the kr12:hp-βcd composition was evaluated for particle size and its zeta (ζ)-potential in the presence and absence of cells. antimicrobial activity against streptococcus mutans, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and porphyromonas gingivalis for the peptide alone or associated was evaluated by minima ...201627919160
ischemic stroke and septic shock after subacute endocarditis caused by haemophilus parainfluenzae: case report.haemophilus parainfluenzae, which belongs to the hacek (haemophilus ssp, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens, and kingella kingae) group, is a rare cause of subacute endocarditis and may lead to ischemic stroke. a 65-year-old female patient previously diagnosed with rheumatic valve disease was submitted to surgical mitral valve repair in 1996. physical examination did not reveal any murmurs; physical examination of the lungs and abdomen was normal. ...201627924179
quantitative analysis of periodontal pathogens using real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr).the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) is a variant of pcr aimed to detect and quantify a targeted dna molecule through the addition of probes labeled with fluorescent molecules that emit fluorescence within each amplification cycle, what results in fluorescence values proportional to the amount of accumulated pcr product. this chapter presents the detailed procedures for quantification of different periodontal pathogens (porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ...201727924595
photoinactivation using visible light plus water-filtered infrared-a (vis+wira) and chlorine e6 (ce6) eradicates planktonic periodontal pathogens and subgingival biofilms.alternative treatment methods for pathogens and microbial biofilms are required due to the widespread rise in antibiotic resistance. antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) has recently gained attention as a novel method to eradicate pathogens. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of a novel apdt method using visible light (vis) and water infiltrated infrared a (wira) in combination with chlorine e6 (ce6) against different periodontal pathogens in planktonic form and ...201627965635
microbial community composition impacts pathogen iron availability during polymicrobial infection.iron is an essential nutrient for bacterial pathogenesis, but in the host, iron is tightly sequestered, limiting its availability for bacterial growth. although this is an important arm of host immunity, most studies examine how bacteria respond to iron restriction in laboratory rather than host settings, where the microbiome can potentially alter pathogen strategies for acquiring iron. one of the most important transcriptional regulators controlling bacterial iron homeostasis is fur. here we us ...201627973608
aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced hypercitrullination links periodontal infection to autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis.a bacterial etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) has been suspected since the beginnings of modern germ theory. recent studies implicate mucosal surfaces as sites of disease initiation. the common occurrence of periodontal dysbiosis in ra suggests that oral pathogens may trigger the production of disease-specific autoantibodies and arthritis in susceptible individuals. we used mass spectrometry to define the microbial composition and antigenic repertoire of gingival crevicular fluid in patients ...201627974664
rt-pcr quantification of periodontal pathogens in crack users and non-users.to compare counts of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum between crack users and non-users.201727982490
enhanced antimicrobial activities of silver-nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene nanocomposites against oral pathogens.as a means of capitalizing on the synergistic properties between reduced graphene nanosheets (r-gns) and silver nanoparticles (agnps), an efficient and convenient chemical reduction method was used to prepare silver-nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene nanocomposites (r-gns/ag). the products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (sem), transmission electron microscopy (tem), x-ray diffraction (xrd), and raman spectroscopy, which confirmed the loading of well-dispersed silver nano ...201727987652
trends in susceptibility to aggressive periodontal disease.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative microbe involved in periodontitis. strains with varying degrees of virulence have been identified, in healthy and periodontally compromised individuals alike. hosts mount differential immune responses to its various serotypes and virulence factors. studies have explored host immune response in terms of antibody titers, leukocyte responses, and specific inflammatory mediators, questioning the ways in which the infectious microorganism survi ...201628008419
in vitro effect of porphyromonas gingivalis methionine gamma lyase on biofilm composition and oral inflammatory response.methanethiol (methyl mercaptan) is an important contributor to oral malodour and periodontal tissue destruction. porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and fusobacterium nucleatum are key oral microbial species that produce methanethiol via methionine gamma lyase (mgl) activity. the aim of this study was to compare an mgl knockout strain of p. gingivalis with its wild type using a 10-species biofilm co-culture model with oral keratinocytes and its effect on biofilm composition and infla ...201628033374
periodontal surgery involving modified widman flap procedure and connective tissue graft for generalized aggressive periodontitis: a case report.we report a case of generalized aggressive periodontitis (agp) requiring periodontal treatment including flap surgery and ridge augmentation. the patient was a 39-year-old woman who presented with the chief complaint of pus discharge from tooth #36. no other obvious signs of gingival inflammation were observed. periodontal examination revealed multiple sites with a probing depth of ≥10 mm. radiography showed pro-nounced bone defects in the maxillary incisors and molar region. real-time pcr was u ...201628049974
antibacterial effect of aloe vera gel against oral pathogens: an in-vitro study.natural herbal remedies have shown promising anti-microbial property and fewer side effects compared to synthetic anti-microbial therapy. aloe vera is a medicinal plant used for management of various infections since ancient times as it has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and immune-boosting properties.201628050502
dataset of the proteome of purified outer membrane vesicles from the human pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomintans.the gram-negative bacterium aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral and systemic pathogen, which is linked to aggressive forms of periodontitis and can be associated with endocarditis. the outer membrane vesicles (omvs) of this species contain effector proteins such as cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) and leukotoxin (ltxa), which they can deliver into human host cells. the omvs can also activate innate immunity through nod1- and nod2-active pathogen-associated molecular patterns. this ...201728050585
antimicrobial effects of mastic extract against oral and periodontal pathogens.various antimicrobial agents are widely used in the therapy of oral inflammatory diseases. however, their side effects and the appearance of drug resistance justify research on natural antimicrobial agents to target oral pathogens that are safe for the host. in the present study, antimicrobial properties of mastic extract on commensal and pathogenic oral bacteria, as well as its possible cytotoxic effect toward cells of epithelial and mesenchymal origin, were evaluated and compared with the comm ...201728067105
secretable small rnas via outer membrane vesicles in periodontal pathogens.micrornas (mirnas) have been shown to be major regulators of eukaryotic gene expression. however, bacterial rnas comparable in size to eukaryotic mirnas (18-22 nucleotides) have received little attention. recently, a novel class of small rnas similar in size to mirnas (mirna-size, small rnas or msrnas) have also been found in several bacteria. like mirnas, msrnas are approximately 15 to 25 nucleotides in length, and their precursors are predicted to form a hairpin loop secondary structure. here, ...201728068479
bacterial short-chain fatty acid metabolites modulate the inflammatory response against infectious bacteria.short-chain fatty acids (scfas), predominantly acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, are bacterial metabolites with an important role in the maintenance of homeostasis due to their metabolic and immunomodulatory actions. some evidence suggests that they may also be relevant during infections. therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of scfas in the effector functions of neutrophils to an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. using a subcutaneous model t ...201728070968
enzymatic kinetics of the quinol peroxidase of an aggressive periodontopathic bacterium.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral pathogen for aggressive periodontitis, and encodes a triheme c-containing membrane-bound enzyme, quinol peroxidase (qpo) that catalyzes peroxidase activity using quinol in the respiratory chain. in the present work, we have characterized recombinant qpo purified from the membrane fraction of escherichia coli harboring a plasmid containing qpo gene. irreversible inactivation of qpo by high concentration of h2o2 exhibited pseudo-first order kinetics ...201728082720
assessing the progression of chronic periodontitis using subgingival pathogen levels: a 24-month prospective multicenter cohort study.the diagnosis of the progression of periodontitis presently depends on the use of clinical symptoms (such as attachment loss) and radiographic imaging. the aim of the multicenter study described here was to evaluate the diagnostic use of the bacterial content of subgingival plaque recovered from the deepest pockets in assessing disease progression in chronic periodontitis patients.201728093069
effects of periodontal treatment on primary sjȫgren's syndrome symptoms.the aim of this longitudinal prospective study was to evaluate the effects of periodontal treatment on the clinical, microbiological and immunological periodontal parameters, and on the systemic activity (essdai) and subjective (esspri) indexes in patients with primary sjögren's syndrome (pss). twenty-eight female patients were divided into four groups: pss patients with or without chronic periodontitis (scp, sc, respectively), and systemically healthy patients with or without chronic periodonti ...201728099577
the use of bacteriophages to biocontrol oral biofilms.infections induced by oral biofilms include caries, as well as periodontal, and peri-implant disease, and may influence quality of life, systemic health, and expenditure. as bacterial biofilms are highly resistant and resilient to conventional antibacterial therapy, it has been difficult to combat these infections. an innovative alternative to the biocontrol of oral biofilms could be to use bacteriophages or phages, the viruses of bacteria, which are specific, non-toxic, self-proliferating, and ...201728108235
effect of opposing implant prostheses on periodontal pathogens in dentures: a pilot study.an understanding of the presence of periodontal pathogens in denture plaque is important for the treatment of patients with edentulism. however, current data are limited and inconclusive.201728126355
incorporation of silver nanoparticles on the surface of orthodontic microimplants to achieve antimicrobial properties.microbial aggregation around dental implants can lead to loss/loosening of the implants. this study was aimed at surface treating titanium microimplants with silver nanoparticles (agnps) to achieve antibacterial properties.201728127534
application of diverse natural polymers in the design of oral gels for the treatment of periodontal diseases.the objective of this study was to prepare periodontal gels using natural polymers such as badam gum, karaya gum and chitosan. these gels were tested for their physical and biochemical properties and assessed for their antibacterial activity against aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and streptococcus mutans, two pathogens associated with periodontal disease. badam gum, karaya gum and chitosan were used to prepare gels of varying concentrations. moxifloxacin hydrochloride, a known antimicrobi ...201728144851
presence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in saliva and cardiac tissue samples of children with congenital heart disease.the purpose of this study was to analyze the presence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in saliva and cardiac tissue samples of children requiring cardiac surgery in istanbul, turkey.201728169262
development of a flow chamber system for the reproducible in vitro analysis of biofilm formation on implant materials.since the introduction of modern dental implants in the 1980s, the number of inserted implants has steadily increased. implant systems have become more sophisticated and have enormously enhanced patients' quality of life. although there has been tremendous development in implant materials and clinical methods, bacterial infections are still one of the major causes of implant failure. these infections involve the formation of sessile microbial communities, called biofilms. biofilms possess unique ...201728187188
differential human th22-lymphocyte response triggered by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotypes.in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, different serotypes have been described based on lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigenicity. when t lymphocytes were stimulated with these serotypes, different patterns of t-helper (th)1 and th17-type of immune responses were reported. recently, two new th phenotypes have been described and named th9 and th22 lymphocytes; however, their role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis remains unclear. this study aimed to investigate the potential th9 and/or th22 lym ...201728189882
real-time quantitative reverse transcription-pcr analysis of expression stability of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans fimbria-associated gene in response to photodynamic therapy.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an etiological agent of both chronic and aggressive periodontitis. dissemination of a. actinomycetemcomitans from the oral cavity and initiation of systemic infections has led to new approaches for treatment being needed. in this study, a series of experiments presented investigated the effect of methylene blue (mb)-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) on cell viability and expression of fimbria-associated gene (rcpa) in a. actinomycetemcomi ...201728216095
response to antiseptic agents of periodontal pathogens in in vitro biofilms on titanium and zirconium surfaces.the aim of this study was to develop in vitro biofilms on sla titanium (ti-sla) and zirconium oxide (zro2) surfaces and to evaluate the effect of antiseptic agents on the number of putative periodontal pathogenic species.201728237092
the mechanism of jurkat cells apoptosis induced by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin.cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) which is produced by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans causes apoptosis in lymphocytes. but the specific mechanism is not clear. the aim of our research was to investigate the effect and mechanism during this process. the wild-type cdta, cdtb, cdtc (cdta(w), cdtb(w), cdtc(w)) and mutant cdtb (cdtb(m)) were expressed and purified respectively and the purity of each subunit was examined by bandscan software. and the type i deoxyribonuclease and pi-3,4,5-tripho ...201728247205
the evaluation of cultivable microbiota profile in patients with secondary endodontic infection before and after photo-activated disinfection.secondary/persistent endodontic infection can be the outcome of failure of endodontic treatment. photo-activated disinfection (pad) can be a useful adjunct to mechanical and antimicrobial agents in eliminating endopathogenic microorganisms. in this study, we evaluated the effect of pad on diversity and count of microbiota related to secondary/persistent endodontic infections.201728249746
oral microbe-host interactions: influence of β-glucans on gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and metabolome profile.the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of β-glucan on the expression of inflammatory mediators and metabolomic profile of oral cells [keratinocytes (oba-9) and fibroblasts (hgf-1) in a dual-chamber model] infected by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. the periodontopathogen was applied and allowed to cross the top layer of cells (oba-9) to reach the bottom layer of cells (hgf-1) and induce the synthesis of immune factors and cytokines in the host cells. β-glucan (10 μg/ml or 20 μg ...201728270109
efficacy of natural and allopathic antimicrobial agents incorporated onto guided tissue regeneration membrane against periodontal pathogens: an in vitro study.periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent afflictions worldwide. it is an infection of the periodontium as a result of subgingival colonization of the specific microbiota, leading to loss of attachment, which requires optimal care for regeneration to its pre-disease state. guided tissue regeneration (gtr) is one of the successful treatment modalities in periodontal regenerative therapy, but is vulnerable to bacterial colonization. the conflict between usage of classical antibiotics and pl ...201728274052
aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans osteomyelitis in a 12 year old boy: case report emphasizing the importance of tissue culture, and review of literature.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans most commonly causes periodontitis but has been reported to infect heart valves, soft tissue, brain and lungs, and distal bones. osteomyelitis distal to the jaw is rarely described.201728288638
functional contributions of positive charges in the pore-lining helix 3 of the bordetella pertussis cyaa-hemolysin to hemolytic activity and ion-channel opening.the bordetella pertussis cyaa-hemolysin (cyaa-hly) domain was previously demonstrated to be an important determinant for hemolysis against target erythrocytes and ion-channel formation in planar lipid bilayers (plbs). here, net-charge variations in the pore-lining helix of thirteen related rtx cytolysins including cyaa-hly were revealed by amino acid sequence alignments, reflecting their different degrees of hemolytic activity. to analyze possible functional effects of net-charge alterations on ...201728300777
subgingival microbiota in caucasian patients with desquamative gingivitis: a cross-sectional study.the presence of epithelial desquamation, erythema, and erosions on the gingival tissue is usually described in literature as desquamative gingivitis (dg). a wide range of autoimmune/dermatological disorders can manifest as dg, although the two more common are oral lichen planus and mucous membrane pemphigoid. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of 11 periodonto-pathogenic microorganisms in dg cases and to compare it with microbiologic status of individuals affected by plaque- ...201728304209
quorum sensing of streptococcus mutans is activated by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and by the periodontal microbiome.the oral cavity is inhabited by complex microbial communities forming biofilms that can cause caries and periodontitis. cell-cell communication might play an important role in modulating the physiologies of individual species, but evidence so far is limited.201728320314
tio2 nanorod arrays as a photocatalytic coating enhanced antifungal and antibacterial efficiency of ti substrates.to investigate the photocatalytic inactivation of fungi and bacteria mediated by tio2 nanorod arrays (tnrs).201728322109
reproducibility of a commercially available subgingival plaque sampling strategy and analysis strategy with oligonucleotide probes.the aim was to evaluate the intra-test agreement of pooled samples from the deepest periodontal pocket of each quadrant with a commercially available test kit based on hybridization of 16s rrna.201728325127
compositional differences in multi-species biofilms formed on various orthodontic adhesives.to investigate the aspects of multi-species biofilm formation on various orthodontic adhesives with different surface characteristics.201728339597
association between specific periodontal pathogens, toll-like receptor-4, and nuclear factor-κb expression in placental tissues of pre-eclamptic women with periodontitis.the aim of the present study was to determine the association between the presence of specific periodontal pathogens, toll-like receptor-4 (tlr-4), and nuclear factor-κb (nf-κb) expression in the placental tissues of pre-eclamptic women.201728349674
soluble epoxide hydrolase pharmacological inhibition decreases alveolar bone loss by modulating host inflammatory response, rank-related signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis.epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (eets), metabolites of arachidonic acid derived from the cytochrome p450 enzymes, are mainly metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (seh) to their corresponding diols. eets but not their diols, have anti-inflammatory properties, and inhibition of seh might provide protective effects against inflammatory bone loss. thus, in the present study, we tested the selective seh inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (tppu), in a mouse model of p ...201728356494
comparison of nonsurgical periodontal therapy with oral hygiene instruction alone for chronic periodontitis.we evaluated changes in clinical variables and microbiological profiles of periodontopathogens among 56 patients with moderate to severe cp who were randomly assigned to oral hygiene instruction (ohi; n = 28) or nonsurgical periodontal treatment (nspt; n = 28). periodontal variables were assessed and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from deep pockets (≥5 mm) at baseline and 3 months after treatment. real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify actinobacillus actinomycetemcomi ...201728367891
generalized aggressive periodontitis: microbiological composition and clinical parameters in non-surgical therapy.the aim of this study was to determine the variations in periodontal parameters and microbiological composition in periodontal pockets at the baseline and 3 and 6 months post treatmentin patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis(gap) undergoing non surgical periodontal treatment combined with chlorhexidine and systemic antibiotics. medical and dental history was taken from 10 subjects, average age 30.6±2.7 years, diagnosed with gap. a non surgical periodontal treatment combined with 0.1 ...201628383606
survival of an aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans quorum sensing luxs mutant in the mouths of rhesus monkeys: insights into ecological adaptation.experiments were designed to explore a prominent autoinducer-2 (ai-2) producing gene (luxs) related to colonization and survival of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a low abundance member of the indigenous flora, that forms a key component of the dysbiotic flora in localized aggressive periodontitis. the luxs gene was disrupted in a primate strain of a. actinomycetemcomitans prior to implantation into the oral cavity of rhesus monkeys (rh). the colonization efficiency of the luxs mutant (r ...201728383798
common polymorphisms in the ifi16 and aim2 genes are associated with periodontal disease.we investigated the single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) context of a previously identified periodontitis-associated locus and examined its association with microbial, biological and periodontal disease clinical parameters.201728387608
porphyromonas gingivalis antibody levels and diagnosis of coronary artery disease in hiv-positive individuals.periodontal disease has been associated with cardiovascular disease in the general population. it is unknown whether igg antibody levels for periodontal pathogens are associated with the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (cad) in hiv-positive individuals.201728397248
the cage gene sequence as a diagnostic marker to identify jp2 and non-jp2 highly leukotoxic aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype b strains.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is involved in oral and systemic infections, and is associated with, eg aggressive forms of periodontitis and with endocarditis. the cage gene encodes a ≈39 kda putative exotoxin expressed by a. actinomycetemcomitans. the level of conservation of cage, and its possible significance in periodontal disease, has not yet been thoroughly investigated. in the present study, the role of the cage gene as a diagnostic marker has been investigated.201728397250
in vitro antimicrobial activity of thymus vulgaris essential oil against major oral pathogens.the objective of present investigation was to determine antimicrobial activity of thymus vulgaris oil on some oral pathogens. thymus vulgaris oil was prepared by hydrodistillation and tested against 30 clinical isolates of each of streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus mutans, candida albicans, porphyromonas gingivalis, and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, prepared from related oral infections using agar disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. thymus vulgaris oil at concentrations o ...201728397552
photo-activated elimination of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in planktonic culture: comparison of photodynamic therapy versus photothermal therapy method.periodontal pathogens are the main factors responsible for periodontal diseases and considering the limitations of conventional mechanical debridement, new treatment approaches are under investigation. this study was designed to evaluate and compare the antibacterial effects of two different systems of photodynamic and photothermal therapy on aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans as the main pathogen involved in aggressive periodontitis.201728414081
aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans pneumonia with chest and abdominal wall involvement.a 54-year-old man presented with a productive cough, chest pain, fever and weight loss. initial analysis revealed a palpable chest wall mass and consolidation in the left lower lobe and pleural abnormalities on imaging. at that point no infectious cause or malignancy was identified. microbiological analysis of a needle biopsy from a newly developed abdominal wall mass revealed growth of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans the patient was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy for 1 year. ...201728432161
antimicrobial photodynamic activity and cytocompatibility of au25(capt)18 clusters photoexcited by blue led light irradiation.antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) has beneficial effects in dental treatment. we applied captopril-protected gold (au25(capt)18) clusters as a novel photosensitizer for apdt. photoexcited au clusters under light irradiation generated singlet oxygen ((1)o2). accordingly, the antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of au25(capt)18 clusters under dental blue light-emitting diode (led) irradiation were evaluated. (1)o2 generation of au25(capt)18 clusters under blue led irradiation (420-460 nm) w ...201728435253
monitoring gene expression of rcpa from aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans versus antimicrobial photodynamic therapy by relative quantitative real-time pcr.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an important pathogen that is frequently found in various infections, particularly aggressive periodontitis. in this study, we described the outcome of the expression level of a. actinomycetemcomitans virulence factor following treatment by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) with indocyanine green (icg) as a photosensitizing agent.201728450261
defining genetic fitness determinants and creating genomic resources for an oral pathogen.periodontitis is a microbial infection that destroys the structures that support the teeth. although it is typically a chronic condition, rapidly progressing, aggressive forms are associated with the oral pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans one of this bacterium's key virulence traits is its ability to attach to surfaces and form robust biofilms that resist killing by the host and antibiotics. though much has been learned about a. actinomycetemcomitans since its initial discovery, we ...201728476775
some gram-negative lipoproteins keep their surface topology when transplanted from one species to another and deliver foreign polypeptides to the bacterial surface.in gram-negative bacteria, outer membrane-associated lipoproteins can either face the periplasm or protrude out of the bacterial surface. the mechanisms involved in lipoprotein transport through the outer membrane are not fully elucidated. some lipoproteins reach the surface by using species-specific transport machinery. by contrast, a still poorly characterized group of lipoproteins appears to always cross the outer membrane, even when transplanted from one organism to another. to investigate s ...201728483926
investigations of a possible chemical effect of salvadora persica chewing sticks.salvadora persica is commonly used chewing sticks in many parts of the world as an oral hygiene tool. this study measured the amount of benzyl isothiocyanate (bitc) released into the mouth and assessed its retention time in saliva. the study also tested if the released amount of bitc could potentially be antibacterial or cytotoxic. twelve subjects brushed their teeth with fresh miswak once, twice, and four times. the amount of bitc in the saliva and in the used brushes was quantified using gas c ...201728484501
putative periodontal pathogens in the subgingival plaque of sudanese subjects with aggressive periodontitis.there has been limited study of the bacterial species associated with aggressive periodontitis (agp) in high-risk populations in africa. the aim of this study was to investigate and quantify the presence of four putative periodontal pathogens in the subgingival plaque of sudanese subjects with agp. a secondary aim was to investigate the effect of varying the detection threshold on the reported prevalence of the bacterial species investigated.201728499236
increased leukotoxin production: characterization of 100 base pairs within the 530 base pair leukotoxin promoter region of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin (ltxa) is a major virulence factor that kills leukocytes permitting it's escape from host immune surveillance. a. actinomycetemcomitans strains can produce high or low levels of toxin. genetic differences reside in the "so called jp2" ltxa promoter region. these hyper-leukotoxin producing strains with the 530 bp deletion have been studied in detail. however, regions contained within the 530 bp deletion that could be responsible for modulation of l ...201728507341
antimicrobial activities of stearidonic and gamma-linolenic acids from the green seaweed enteromorpha linza against several oral pathogenic bacteria.we found that the edible green seaweed enteromorpha linza displayed potent antimicrobial activity against prevotella intermedia and porphyromonas gingivalis. to elucidate the active component of e. linza, isolation procedures were performed.201328510876
herpes simplex 1 and periopathogen role in peri-implantitis.the objectives of this study were to compare the qualitative and quantitative profiles of herpes simplex virus type i (hsv-1) in implant surfaces between participants with peri-implantitis (pi) and healthy peri-implant tissues and to quantitatively assess the relation between hsv-1 and periopathogens inside the microbiological profile associated with pi.201728512280
the in vivo t helper type 17 and regulatory t cell immune responses to aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.the periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is known to elicit a systemic immune response in the infected host, and occasionally causes non-oral infections. detailed information on its immunopathological responses and the involvement of bacterial virulence factors remains to be elucidated. the aim of this study was to assess the systemic immune response to a. actinomycetemcomitans oral infection. we used an animal model that simulates systemic dissemination of the bacteria by ...201728544588
cross-reactive saliva iga antibodies to oxidized ldl and periodontal pathogens in humans.oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxldl) are formed as a result of lipid peroxidation and are highly immunogenic and proatherogenic. in this study, saliva antibodies binding to oxldl, porphyromonas gingivalis (pg) and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa) were characterized and their cross-reactivity was evaluated.201728548243
role of de-n-acetylase pgab from aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in exopolysaccharide export in biofilm mode of growth.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent of localized aggressive periodontitis. attachment to a biotic surface is a critical first step in the a. actinomycetemcomitans infection process for which exopolysaccharides have been shown to be essential. in addition, the pga operon, containing genes encoding for biosynthetic proteins for poly-n-acetyl glucosamine (pnag), plays a key role in a. actinomycetemcomitans virulence, as a mutant strain lacking th ...201728548373
the role of 5-lipoxygenase in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced alveolar bone loss.leukotrienes (lts) are pro-inflammatory lipid mediators formed by the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-lo). the involvement of 5-lo metabolites in periodontal disease (pd) is not well defined. this study aimed to assess the role of 5-lo in experimental pd induced by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa).201728569991
ag nanoparticle-coated zirconia for antibacterial prosthesis.bacterial adhesion to dental materials is a major cause of caries and periodontitis, necessitating the development of compounds such as yttria-stabilized zirconia (ysz) and silver nanoparticles (agnps), which are widely employed in medicine due to their high antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity. the main goal of this study is the synthesis of the broad antimicrobial activity of agnp-coated ysz with facile methods. the bactericidal agnps were immobilized on the surface of ysz and tested fo ...201728575940
the microbial changes in subgingival plaques of orthodontic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.orthodontic treatment was found to have an impact on the quantity and constitution of subgingival microbiota. however, contradictory findings regarding the effects of fixed appliances on microbial changes were reported. the aim of this systematic review was to investigate the microbial changes in subgingival plaques of orthodontic patients.201728576147
aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans regulates the expression of integrins and reduces cell adhesion via integrin α5 in human gingival epithelial cells.gingival epithelial cells form a physiological barrier against bacterial invasion. excessive bacterial invasion destroys the attachment between the tooth surface and the epithelium, resulting in periodontitis. integrins play a significant role in cell attachment; therefore, we hypothesized that bacterial infection might decrease the expressions of these integrins in gingival epithelial cells, resulting in reduced cell adhesion. immortalized human gingival epithelial cells were co-cultured with a ...201728593565
mikania glomerata sprengel extract and its major compound ent-kaurenoic acid display activity against bacteria present in endodontic infections.the search for new, effective and safe antimicrobial compounds from plant sources has continued to play an important role in the maintenance of human health since ancient times. such compounds can be used to help to eradicate microorganisms from the root canal system, preventing/healing periapical diseases. mikania glomerata (spreng.), commonly known as "guaco," is a native climbing plant from brazil that displays a wide range of pharmacological properties. many of its activities have been attri ...201728627377
lactobacillus salivarius nk02: a potent probiotic for clinical application in mouthwash.a specific strain of naturally occurring oral lactobacilli was isolated and identified based on morphological, biochemical, and 16s rrna gene sequencing. the phylogenetic affiliation of the isolate confirmed that the nk02 strain had close association with the lactobacillus salivarius. an effective mouthwash was developed for treatment of periodontitis and suppression of the indicator bacterium aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans which is an obvious pathogen of periodontal disease. the mouthwas ...201728631250
is aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans the missing link between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis? 201728632321
stimulatory effect of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans dna on proinflammatory cytokine expression by human gingival fibroblasts.while different virulence factors have been reported of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa), there is little information about the stimulatory effect of its dna. the main purpose of this study was to assess the inflammatory response of human gingival fibroblasts (hgfs) stimulated with a. actinomycetemcomitans dna.201728641178
natural monoclonal antibody to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.natural antibodies are produced by b lymphocytes without exogenous antigenic exposure and are present at the time of birth. they usually bind to conserved epitopes on antigens of different chemical compositions. we cloned and characterized a natural mouse monoclonal igm antibody (aa_mab) by selecting the binding to malondialdehyde acetaldehyde (maa) adducts on low-density lipoprotein (ldl). the data showed that the aa_mab cross-reacted with aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa) bacteria, an ...201728667536
effects of photodynamic therapy in periodontal treatment: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.to evaluate the effects of photodynamic therapy (pdt) in the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis.201728667678
characterization and serotype distribution of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: relationship of serotypes to herpesvirus and periodontal status in indian subjects.the virulence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a. actinomycetemcomitans) in any individual depends on the type of strain of this bacterium. to our knowledge, there have been no studies reported in indian subjects about a. actinomycetemcomitans serotype occurrence, co-existence with herpes virus and the possible influence of such co-existence on periodontal pathology.201728668607
aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype prevalence and antibiotic resistance in a uk population with periodontitis.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a recognised pathogen involved in aggressive periodontitis. seven serotypes of a. actinomycetemcomitans exist with a range of virulence and distribution dependent on ethnicity and geography. the ability of a. actinomycetemcomitans to invade soft tissue can necessitate the use of systemic antibiotics for treatment, however variations in its antibiotic susceptibility exist dependent on geographical location.201728668698
chronic periodontal disease, periodontal pathogen colonization, and an increased risk of precancerous gastric lesions.the present study assessed the association between periodontal pathogen colonization and the potential risk of developing precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (plgc) in a clinical setting.201728671506
the association of periodontopathic bacteria levels 
in saliva and tongue coating with oral malodor in periodontitis patients.to elucidate the association oral malodor with the levels of periodontopathic bacteria in saliva and tongue coating of periodontitis patients with oral malodor.201728674708
aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans growth in biofilm versus planktonic state: differential expression of proteins.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa) is a pathogenic bacterium residing in the subgingival plaque biofilm strongly associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. the aim of this investigation was to study the protein differential expression of aa when growing on biofilm compared with planktonic state using proteomic analysis by the 2d-dige system. eighty-seven proteins were differentially expressed during biofilm growth (1.5-fold, p < 0.05), with 13 overexpressed and 37 down-expressed. ...201728707473
prevalence and comparative analysis of the type iv secretion system in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitan.aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has emerged as one of the aetiological agents in periodontal disease. although type iv secretion systems (t4sss) are widely distributed in many bacteria, the genetic features and distribution of t4sss in a. actinomycetemcomitans remain unclear. in this study, we investigated the prevalence of a. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes and their t4sss in a taiwanese population.201728711435
prevalence of periodontal pathogens in a group of participants from the middle east and north africa geographic region with minimal periodontal disease.to assess the prevalence of the three putative periodontal pathogens such as aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a. a), porphyromonas gingivalis (p. g), and prevotella intermedia (p. i) in a group of arab participants from the middle east and north africa (mena) region who had minimal periodontal disease and no history of periodontal treatment and further to analyze the association among these three microorganisms.201728713765
age-related prevalence and characteristics of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in periodontitis patients living in sweden.background: the presence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in patients with periodontitis has been extensively studied for decades. objective: to study the prevalence of a. actinomycetemcomitans in younger and older periodontitis patients and to genetically characterize isolates of this bacterium. design: data from microbiological analyses of 3459 subgingival plaque samples collected from 1445 patients, 337 'younger' patients (≤35 yrs) and 1108 'older' patients (>35 yrs) during 15 years ( ...201728748039
do quaternary ammonium monomers induce drug resistance in cariogenic, endodontic and periodontal bacterial species?antibacterial monomers were developed to combat oral biofilm acids and caries; however, little is known on whether quaternary ammonium monomers (qams) would induce drug resistance in oral bacteria. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of new antimicrobial monomers dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (dmahdm) and dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (dmaddm) on the induction of drug resistance in eight species of cariogenic, endodontic and periodontal bacteria for the first tim ...201728755761
prevalence of periodontal pathogens among italian patients with chronic periodontitis: a retrospective study on 2992 patients.the aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of some periodontal pathogens in italian adults with chronic periodontitis.201728757933
pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in human gingival epithelial cells after stimulation with cell wall extract of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans subtypes.varying cytokine responses of human gingival epithelial cells (hgecs) by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans subtypes have been found. most studies have used reference strains, whereas a few has evaluated the cytokine expression in response to clinical subtypes of this bacterial species. this study aimed to examine whether there was any difference in cytokine responses of hgecs stimulated with cell wall extract (cwe) from a. actinomycetemcomitans subtypes included clinical strains from thai ad ...201728780429
incidence of inflammatory joint diseases in finland: results from a population-based epidemiological study.the objective of the study was to assess the incidence of inflammatory joint diseases and possible environmental factors contributing to their occurrence in a defined population in finland. all rheumatologists practising in the northern savo rheumatological outpatient departments collected data on their newly diagnosed patients with an inflammatory joint disease in 2010. antibodies to aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa) and porphyromonas gingivalis (pg) were determined from patients with ...201728791449
specific periodontopathic bacterial infection affects hypertension in male cardiovascular disease patients.hypertension (ht) is a systemic disorder that results in the decline of quality of life and death. while patients with periodontitis are at a high risk of ht, little causal information has been provided to date. to clarify the relationship, periodontopathic bacterial infection in cardiovascular patients with or without ht was evaluated. the subjects were patients with (n = 412) or without (n = 199) ht who attended tokyo medical and dental university hospital. blood examinations and periodontal m ...201728803419
non-surgical therapy reduces presence of jp2 clone in localized aggressive periodontitis.previous studies have provided substantial evidence on the association of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa), and its highly leukotoxic jp2 genotype, with localized aggressive periodontitis (lap). the present study aims to evaluate the presence of jp2 in lap individuals following periodontal treatment.201728820321
killing activity of lfchimera on periodontopathic bacteria and multispecies oral biofilm formation in vitro.lactoferrin chimera (lfchimera), a heterodimeric peptide containing lactoferrampin (lfampin265-284) and a part of lactoferricin (lfcin17-30), possesses a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. however, there is no report on the inhibitory effects of lfchimera against multispecies oral biofilms. this study aimed to determine the effects of lfchimera in comparison to chlorhexidine digluconate (chx) and minocycline hydrochloride (mh), on in vitro multispecies biofilms derived from subgingival pl ...201728823045
microbiological response to periodontal therapy and multivariable prediction of clinical outcome.this study assessed the microbiological effects of a 2-phase antimicrobial periodontal therapy and tested microbiological, clinical, and biological markers as prognostic indicators for clinical success.201728844191
quantification by qpcr of pathobionts in chronic periodontitis: development of predictive models of disease severity at site-specific level.currently, there is little evidence available on the development of predictive models for the diagnosis or prognosis of chronic periodontitis based on the qpcr quantification of subgingival pathobionts. our objectives were to: (1) analyze and internally validate pathobiont-based models that could be used to distinguish different periodontal conditions at site-specific level within the same patient with chronic periodontitis; (2) develop nomograms derived from predictive models. subgingival plaqu ...201728848499
risk of superinfection in peri-implantitis after systemic broad spectrum antibiotics.peri-implant disease has developed over the last few years as a complication that is often difficult to resolve. the disease process is mainly attributed to bacterial infection. proposed combined therapies use broad-spectrum antibiotics to halt its progression. a major associated risk is the undetected development of superinfections that are difficult to eradicate. a group of healthy individuals with advanced peri-implantitis (pi) were referred for evaluation due to severe, rapidly progressive b ...201728854287
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