| microbiological effects of periodontal therapy plus azithromycin in patients with diabetes: results from a randomized clinical trial. | current evidence suggests that periodontal infection may aggravate diabetes control. the aim of this study was to determine the changes in the frequency with which porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, treponema denticola and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were detected in patients with diabetes with the use of non-surgical therapy plus azithromycin in a randomized clinical trial. one hundred and five (105) patients with diabetes and chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned ... | 2014 | 25523961 |
| metabolic syndrome exacerbates inflammation and bone loss in periodontitis. | clinical studies have shown that metabolic syndrome (mets) is associated with increased risk of developing periodontitis. however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. since it is known that lipopolysaccharide (lps)-activated toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathways play a crucial role in periodontitis, we hypothesized that mets enhances lps-induced periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss. in this study, we induced mets in c57bl/6 mice by feeding them high-fat diet (hfd), and ... | 2015 | 25503900 |
| clinical, microbial, and immune responses observed in patients with diabetes after treatment for gingivitis: a three-month randomized clinical trial. | although patients with diabetes are frequently affected by periodontitis, only a few investigations have focused on gingivitis in this at-risk population. this randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial compared the response to a gingivitis treatment protocol that combined mechanical procedures and daily use of an essential oil (eo) mouthrinse between patients with and without diabetes. | 2015 | 25494658 |
| periodontal microbiology in latin america. | this review article describes the microbiota associated with periodontal disease in latin america. this vast territory includes 22 nations, which show great ethnic diversity, with large groups of white people, black people, mestizo people and native people. widespread poverty and limited access to education and health-care services, including periodontal care, are prominent predisposing factors for destructive periodontal disease in latin america. black people and mestizo people seem to have par ... | 2015 | 25494598 |
| synthesis of new antibacterial composite coating for titanium based on highly ordered nanoporous silica and silver nanoparticles. | infection is the most common factor that leads to dental titanium implant failure. antibacterial implant surfaces based on nano-scale modifications of the titanium appear as an attractive strategy for control of peri-implantitis. in the present work, the preparation and antibacterial properties of a novel composite coating for titanium based on nanoporous silica and silver nanoparticles are presented. starch-capped silver nanoparticles (agnps) were synthesized and then incorporated into sol-gel ... | 2014 | 25491813 |
| integration of non-oral bacteria into in vitro oral biofilms. | biofilms are polymicrobial communities that grow on surfaces in nature. oral bacteria can spontaneously form biofilms on the surface of teeth, which may compromise the health of the teeth, or their surrounding (periodontal) tissues. while the oral bacteria exhibit high tropism for their specialized ecological niche, it is not clear if bacteria that are not part of the normal oral microbiota can efficiently colonize and grow within oral biofilms. by using an in vitro "supragingival" biofilm model ... | 2015 | 25483866 |
| adjunctive moxifloxacin in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis patients: clinical and microbiological results of a randomized, triple-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of moxifloxacin (mox) in one-stage scaling and root planing (srp) in treating generalized aggressive periodontitis (gagp). | 2015 | 25469723 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm can be inactivated by methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of photodynamic action of methylene blue (mb) against aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans organized on biofilm. | 2015 | 25461964 |
| in-vitro activity of taurolidine on single species and a multispecies population associated with periodontitis. | the antimicrobial activity of taurolidine was compared with minocycline against microbial species associated with periodontitis (four single strains and a 12-species mixture). minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbcs), killing as well as activities on established and forming single-species biofilms and a 12-species biofilm were determined. the mics of taurolidine against single species were always 0.31 mg/ml, the mbcs were 0.64 mg/ml. the used mixed ... | 2015 | 25460194 |
| regulation of adrenomedullin and nitric oxide production by periodontal bacteria. | in periodontitis the host response to bacterial challenge includes activity of the multifunctional molecules adrenomedullin (am) and nitric oxide (no). the aim of this study was to investigate the role of periodontal bacteria in regulating the production of these molecules from cultured cells. | 2015 | 25440112 |
| detection of periodontal pathogens in the patients with aortic aneurysm. | the occurrence and development of aortic aneurysm (aa) are associated with infection. some researchers have detected the dna of periodontal pathogens in aa samples in certain populations. however, it has not been done in chinese population. the objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal pathogens in oral tissue samples and aneurysm samples of aa patients. | 2014 | 25430459 |
| differential benefits of amoxicillin-metronidazole in different phases of periodontal therapy in a randomized controlled crossover clinical trial. | the specific advantage of administering systemic antibiotics during initial, non-surgical therapy or in the context of periodontal surgery is unclear. this study assesses the differential outcomes of periodontal therapy supplemented with amoxicillin-metronidazole during either the non-surgical or the surgical treatment phase. | 2015 | 25415250 |
| low levels of caries in aggressive periodontitis: a literature review. | this article is a traditional literature review on caries levels in aggressive periodontitis. aggressive periodontitis generally affects systemically healthy individuals aged <30 years (older individuals can also be affected) and is characterized by a young age of onset, rapid rate of disease progression, and familial aggregation of cases. dental caries is caused by the dissolution of enamel by acid-producing bacteria present in the plaque biofilm, especially when the biofilm reaches critical ma ... | 2014 | 25408595 |
| periodontal and peri-implant microbiota in patients with healthy and inflamed periodontal and peri-implant tissues. | to compare the prevalence and levels of six bacterial pathogens within the subgingival/submucosal microbiota at teeth versus implants with various clinical conditions. | 2016 | 25399962 |
| in vitro evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of pineapple extract (bromelain) on periodontal pathogens. | periodontitis is an inflammatory disease resulting in the destruction of periodontal tissues. various treatment modalities have been tried in the form of mechanical therapy and surgical therapy. antimicrobial agents have been used as a monotherapy and as an adjunct with mechanical debridement. various plant extracts have been used as antibacterial agents. pineapple extract (bromelian) is one such agent. hence this study was conducted to assess the antibacterial efficacy of bromelain on both aero ... | 2014 | 25395802 |
| prevalence of six periodontal pathogens in subgingival samples of italian patients with chronic periodontitis. | the aim of this study was to investigate the subgingival prevalence of six periodontal pathogens in 352 italian patients with chronic periodontitis. possible correlations with clinical parameters, age, gender and smoking status were also investigated. at first visit a pooled subgingival plaque sample was obtained for each subject by using the paper-point method. the samples were processed and analysed according to a commercially available quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction assay (m ... | 2014 | 25387289 |
| opposite effect of supernatants from selected periopathogens and oral lactobacilli cultures on atp levels in human gingival fibroblasts. | studies were performed on the effects of supernatants obtained from bacterial cultures, including cultures of porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella intermedia and lactobacillus acidophilus strains on atp levels in human gingival fibroblasts (hgf-1) and on their viability. atp levels were evaluated using luminescence test and cell viability was estimated using a fluorescence test. in control cultures mean levels of atp in hgf-1 amounted to 4.90±0.32 mln rlu. ... | 2014 | 25387288 |
| essential oils and isolated compounds from lippia alba leaves and flowers: antimicrobial activity and osteoclast apoptosis. | in the present study, essential oils extracted from the leaves and flowers of lippia alba (mill.) n.e.br. (l. alba) were analyzed for their antimicrobial activity and their effects on osteoclasts. the periodontal pathogens, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a. actinomycetemcomitans; atcc 43717), fusobacterium nucleatum (f. nucleatum; atcc 25586) and porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis); atcc 33277) were used in antimicrobial activity assays for determining the minimum inhibitory concent ... | 2015 | 25384405 |
| distinctive pathways characterize a. actinomycetemcomitans and p. gingivalis. | the study aimed to compare the molecular mechanism of porphuromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis) and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a. actinomycetemcomitans). with microarray dataset (gse9723) from gene expression omnibus, differentially expressed genes (degs) were identified comparing normal cell samples with a. actinomycetemcomitans-infected and p. gingivalis-infected periodontitis cell samples, respectively (|logfc| > 1, p value <0.01), followed by hierarchical cluster analysis using cl ... | 2015 | 25351486 |
| antimicrobial activity of platelet-rich plasma and other plasma preparations against periodontal pathogens. | in addition to releasing a pool of growth factors during activation, platelets have many features that indicate their role in the anti-infective host defense. the antimicrobial activities of platelet-rich plasma (prp) and related plasma preparations against periodontal disease-associated bacteria were evaluated. | 2015 | 25345340 |
| effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on short chain fatty acid levels in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis. | short chain fatty acids (scfas) play important roles in periodontal diseases. however, the concentrations of scfas in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with aggressive periodontitis are not known. the aim of this intervention study was to investigate the influences of non-surgical periodontal therapy on levels of scfas in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (g-agp), and analyze the concentrations of scfas in sites with or without the detected p ... | 2014 | 25340203 |
| antimicrobial effect of lemongrass oil against oral malodour micro-organisms and the pilot study of safety and efficacy of lemongrass mouthrinse on oral malodour. | lemongrass oil (lg) has been reported as being effective against bacteria embedded within the biofilm. the aims of this study were to investigate antimicrobial activity against common odourigenic micro-organisms, the safety and efficacy of lg mouthrinse on oral malodour in healthy volunteers. | 2015 | 25327222 |
| evaluation of adjunctive systemic doxycycline with non-surgical periodontal therapy within type 2 diabetic patients. | to evaluate the effects of systemic doxycycline on clinical and microbiological parameters of diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis. | 2014 | 25316464 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans - a tooth killer? | strong evidence is available on aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a.a) on its role as the causative agent of localised juvenile periodontitis (ljp), a disease characterised by rapid destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues. this organism possesses a large number of virulence factors with a wide range of activities which enable it to colonise the oral cavity, invade periodontal tissues, evade host defences, initiate connective tissue destruction and interfere with tissue repair. adhesion ... | 2014 | 25302290 |
| polymerase chain reaction as a prospect for the early diagnosis and prediction of periodontal diseases in adolescents. | this study was to determine the markers representative of pathogenic periodontal microflora [prevotella intermedia (p.i), tannerella forsythia (t.f) [bacteroides forsythus], treponema denticola (t.d), actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (a.a), porphyromonas gingivalis (p.g)] in the dental plaque of adolescents with various degrees of severity of periodontium inflammation. | 2015 | 25266040 |
| il-4/ccl22/ccr4 axis controls regulatory t-cell migration that suppresses inflammatory bone loss in murine experimental periodontitis. | inflammatory bone resorption is a hallmark of periodontitis, and tregs and th2 cells are independently associated with disease progression attenuation. in this study, we employed an infection-triggered inflammatory osteolysis model to investigate the mechanisms underlying treg and th2 cell migration and the impact on disease outcome. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-infected c57bl/6 (wild-type [wt]) mice develop an intense inflammatory reaction and alveolar bone resorption, and treg and th2 ... | 2015 | 25264308 |
| critical role of mkp-1 in lipopolysaccharide-induced osteoclast formation through cxcl1 and cxcl2. | osteoclast (oc) progenitors (ocp) have been defined in the bone marrow (bm) as cd3(-)cd45r(b220)(-)gr1(-)cd11b(lo/)(-)cd115(+) (docp) and more recently in the peripheral blood (pb) as lym(-)ly6g(-)cd11b(+)ly6c(+). these progenitors respond to stimuli, including lps from periopathogenic aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, activating mapk signaling, resulting in cytokine/chemokine-mediated osteoclastogenesis. intracellular negative signaling pathways, including mapk phosphatase-1 (mkp-1, gene d ... | 2015 | 25261746 |
| effect of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus hd100 on multispecies oral communities. | the predation of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on different periodontal pathogens has already been described. however, it is necessary to consider the polymicrobial nature of periodontal disease. the current study explores the predation of bdellovibrio on oral pathogens organized in multispecies communities. the effect of the predator was evaluated on in vitro six species communities with microbial culturing. additionally, the effect on ex vivo subgingival plaque and saliva samples from periodontit ... | 2015 | 25252124 |
| interleukin-8 induces dna synthesis, migration and down-regulation of cleaved caspase-3 in cultured human gingival epithelial cells. | migration of the junctional epithelium occurs in association with the formation of a periodontal pocket. although the migration of junctional epithelium is known to be related to the proliferation and migration of gingival junctional epithelial cells, the mechanism has not been clarified. in patients with periodontitis, the levels of interleukin-8 (il-8) in both gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid are dramatically increased. il-8 has broad bioactive functions. in this study, we examine ... | 2015 | 25244101 |
| [cutaneous infection with aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans]. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a small, gram-negative, non-motile, coccobacillus. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is known to cause periodontal disease and to be associated with actinomycosis. | 2014 | 25234630 |
| antibodies to periodontal pathogens are associated with coronary plaque remodeling but not with vulnerability or burden. | previous studies have suggested positive associations between periodontal infection and cardiovascular disease. we aimed to investigate the associations of circulating antibodies against periodontal pathogens with 1-year cardiovascular outcome, as well as the extent of coronary atherosclerosis, plaque vulnerability and lesion remodeling on intravascular ultrasound (ivus) imaging. | 2014 | 25233105 |
| variability of the dendritic cell response triggered by different serotypes of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans or porphyromonas gingivalis is toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) or tlr4 dependent. | different serotypes of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and porphyromonas gingivalis have been shown to induce differential dendritic cell (dc) responses. this study investigates whether cytokine and cc-chemokine receptor (ccr) production by dcs stimulated with different serotypes of a. actinomycetemcomitans or p. gingivalis is toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) and/or tlr4 dependent. | 2015 | 25224175 |
| transcriptional regulation of the aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ygiw-qsebc operon by qseb and integration host factor proteins. | the qsebc two-component system plays a pivotal role in regulating virulence and biofilm growth of the oral pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. we previously showed that qsebc autoregulates the ygiw-qsebc operon. in this study, we characterized the promoter that drives ygiw-qsebc expression. using lacz transcriptional fusion constructs and 5'-rapid amplification of cdna ends, we showed that ygiw-qsebc expression is driven by a promoter that initiates transcription 53 bases upstream of ... | 2014 | 25223341 |
| real-time pcr quantification of six periodontal pathogens in saliva samples from healthy young adults. | the use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid for the evaluation of periodontal health has gained attention recently. most published real-time pcr assays focused on quantification of bacteria in subgingival plaque, not in saliva. the aims of this study were to develop a real-time pcr assay for quantification of six periodontal pathogens in saliva and to establish a relationship between the amount of dna (fg) and colony-forming unit (cfu). | 2015 | 25217278 |
| pathogenicity of the highly leukotoxic jp2 clone of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and its geographic dissemination and role in aggressive periodontitis. | for decades, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis in adolescents. in the middle of the 1990s, a specific jp2 clone of a. actinomycetemcomitans, belonging to the cluster of serotype b strains of a. actinomycetemcomitans and having a number of other characteristics, was found to be strongly associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis, particularly in north africa. although several longitudinal studies still point to the bacterial sp ... | 2014 | 25206940 |
| characterization and serotype distribution of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans isolated from a population of periodontitis patients in spain. | there is no study characterizing the variability of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans isolates in periodontitis patients in spain. it is therefore the aim of this investigation to study the serotype distribution of a. actinomycetemcomitans strains isolated from periodontitis patients in spain. the polymorphism of the genes that codifies the leukotoxin and the operon of the cytolethal-distending toxin (cdt) will also be investigated. | 2014 | 25201701 |
| effects of ozone nano-bubble water on periodontopathic bacteria and oral cells - in vitro studies. | the aims of the present study were to evaluate the bactericidal activity of a new antiseptic agent, ozone nano-bubble water (nbw3), against periodontopathogenic bacteria and to assess the cytotoxicity of nbw3 against human oral cells. the bactericidal activities of nbw3 against representative periodontopathogenic bacteria, porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis) and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a. actinomycetemcomitans) were evaluated using in vitro time-kill assays. the cytotoxicity ... | 2014 | 27877715 |
| smad2 is involved in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced apoptosis. | apoptosis is thought to contribute to the progression of periodontitis. it has been suggested that the apoptosis of epithelial cells may contribute to the loss of epithelial barrier function. smad2, a downstream signaling molecule of tgf-β receptors (tgf-βrs), is critically involved in apoptosis in several cell types. however, the relationship between smad2 and bacteria-induced apoptosis has not yet been elucidated. it is possible that the regulation of apoptosis induced by periodontopathic bact ... | 2014 | 25192897 |
| determination of the antibacterial activity of simvastatin against periodontal pathogens, porphyromonas gingivalis and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: an in vitro study. | statin treatment, apart from its hypolipidemic action has proven its antimicrobial activity by improving the survival rate of patients with severe systemic bacterial infections. periodontitis is an inflammatory disorder of tooth supporting structures caused by a group of specific microorganisms. the objective of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of pure simvastatin drug against the primary periodontal pathogens. | 2014 | 25191077 |
| synergistic anti-inflammatory activity of the antimicrobial peptides human beta-defensin-3 (hbd-3) and cathelicidin (ll-37) in a three-dimensional co-culture model of gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts. | given the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens, antimicrobial peptides that can also modulate the immune response may be a novel approach for effectively controlling periodontal infections. in the present study, we used a three-dimensional (3d) co-culture model of gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts stimulated with aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (lps) to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of human beta-defensin-3 (hbd-3) and cathelicidi ... | 2014 | 25187958 |
| azithromycin enhances phagocytic killing of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans y4 by human neutrophils. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans resists killing by neutrophils and is inhibited by azithromycin (azm) and amoxicillin (amx). azm actively concentrates inside host cells, whereas amx enters by diffusion. the present study is conducted to determine whether azm is more effective than amx at enhancing phagocytic killing of a. actinomycetemcomitans by neutrophils. | 2015 | 25186779 |
| antimicrobial activity against periodontopathogenic bacteria, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of various extracts from endemic thermopsis turcica. | to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial potential of thermopsis turcica kit tan, vural & küçüködük against periodontopathogenic bacteria, its antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect on various cancer cell lines. | 2014 | 25183268 |
| nanoparticle-encapsulated chlorhexidine against oral bacterial biofilms. | chlorhexidine (chx) is a widely used antimicrobial agent in dentistry. herein, we report the synthesis of a novel mesoporous silica nanoparticle-encapsulated pure chx (nano-chx), and its mechanical profile and antimicrobial properties against oral biofilms. | 2014 | 25170958 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin (ltxa; leukothera) induces cofilin dephosphorylation and actin depolymerization during killing of malignant monocytes. | leukotoxin (ltxa; leukothera), a protein toxin secreted by the oral bacterium aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, specifically kills white blood cells (wbcs). ltxa binds to the receptor known as lymphocyte function associated antigen-1 (lfa-1), a β2 integrin expressed only on the surface of wbcs. ltxa is being studied as a virulence factor that helps a. actinomycetemcomitans evade host defences and as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of wbc diseases. ltxa-mediated cell death in ... | 2014 | 25169107 |
| antibacterial efficacy of exogenous nitric oxide on periodontal pathogens. | current treatments for periodontitis (e.g., scaling/root planing and chlorhexidine) have limited efficacy since they fail to suppress microbial biofilms satisfactorily over time, and the use of adjunctive antimicrobials can promote the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms. herein, we report the novel application of nitric oxide (no)-releasing scaffolds (i.e., dendrimers and silica particles) as anti-periodontopathogenic agents. the effectiveness of macromolecular no release was demonstrat ... | 2014 | 25139363 |
| impact of baseline microbiological status on clinical outcomes in generalized aggressive periodontitis patients treated with or without adjunctive amoxicillin and metronidazole: an exploratory analysis from a randomized controlled clinical trial. | to explore whether subjects harbouring a. actinomycetemcomitans, p. gingivalis or t. forsythia at baseline showed increased clinical benefits with the adjunctive use of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole (amx-met) during non-surgical treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis (gagp). | 2014 | 25139116 |
| evaluation of a new oral health scale of infectious potential based on the salivary microbiota. | the objective of this study is to analyse the correlation of our own design of oral health scale (grades 0 and 1-better oral health vs. grades 2 and 3-poorer oral health) with the salivary microbiota. | 2015 | 25115994 |
| leukotoxic activity of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and periodontal attachment loss. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative periodontitis-associated bacterium that expresses a toxin that selectively affects leukocytes. this leukotoxin is encoded by an operon belonging to the core genome of this bacterial species. variations in the expression of the leukotoxin have been reported, and a well-characterized specific clonal type (jp2) of this bacterium with enhanced leukotoxin expression has been isolated. in particular, the presence of the jp2 genotype significantl ... | 2014 | 25093857 |
| igg sera levels against a subset of periodontopathogens and severity of disease in aggressive periodontitis patients: a cross-sectional study of selected pocket sites. | to evaluate the association among serum immunoglobulin g (igg) responses to aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa) serotypes a, b and c, porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), tannerella forsythia (tf) and clinical parameters in aggressive periodontitis (ap) subjects. associations between periodontal pathogens and clinical and immunological parameters were also evaluated. | 2014 | 25070874 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycemcomitans pneumonia in children: two case reports and a review of the literature. | aggregatibacter actinomycemcomitans, previously named actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aa), is a facultative gram-negative slow-growing coccobacillus associated with severe oral and nonoral infections. it is a member of the hacek group. pulmonary infection caused by aa is rare. we describe two cases of aa pneumonia mimicking malignancy and review published pediatric cases. | 2015 | 25068288 |
| periodontopathogens and human β-defensin-2 expression in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with periodontal disease in guangxi, china. | periodontal diseases are often induced by periodontopathogens, which are always exposed to certain innate immune factors in gingival crevicular fluid, including human β-defensin-2 (hbd-2). this study aims to investigate the relationship among periodontopathogens, clinical parameters and hbd-2 expression. | 2015 | 25065393 |
| changes in oral microflora after full-mouth tooth extraction: a prospective cohort study. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of full-mouth tooth extraction on the oral microflora, with emphasis on the presence and load of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and porphyromonas gingivalis. | 2014 | 25065274 |
| amphotericin b down-regulates aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced production of il-8 and il-6 in human gingival epithelial cells. | gingival epithelium is the primary barrier against microorganism invasion and produces inflammatory cytokines. amphotericin b, a major antifungal drug, binds to cholesterol in the mammalian cell membrane in addition to fungal ergosterol. amphotericin b has been shown to regulate inflammatory cytokines in host cells. to investigate the suppressive effect of amphotericin b on the gingival epithelium, we examined the expression of interleukin (il)-8 and il-6 and involvement of map kinase in human g ... | 2014 | 25064453 |
| effect of repeated adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on subgingival periodontal pathogens in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. | the aim of this study was to compare the effect of subgingival ultrasonic scaling followed by repeated (three times) antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (pdt), ultrasonic scaling alone (us), and scaling and root planing with hand instruments (srp) for initial periodontal treatment. twenty-seven non-smoking systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients were included. residual pockets ≥4 mm deep and bleeding on probing were debrided either with srp, us alone, or us followed by a single episod ... | 2015 | 25056413 |
| the cell envelope proteome of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | the cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria serves a critical role in maintenance of cellular homeostasis, resistance to external stress, and host-pathogen interactions. envelope protein composition is influenced by the physiological and environmental demands placed on the bacterium. in this study, we report a comprehensive compilation of cell envelope proteins from the periodontal and systemic pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans vt1169, an afimbriated serotype b strain. the urea-extr ... | 2015 | 25055881 |
| clinical and microbiological effects of systemic azithromycin in adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in treatment of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans associated periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. | this study aimed to evaluate clinical and microbiological effects of systemic azithromycin (azm) in adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy (nspt; or scaling root planing - srp) in treatment of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans associated periodontitis (aaap). | 2016 | 25044531 |
| [cytolethal distending toxins]. | cytolethal distending toxins (cdt) are intracellularly acting proteins which interfere with the eukaryotic cell cycle. they are produced by gram-negative bacteria with affinity to mucocutaneous surfaces and could play a role in the pathogenesis of various mammalian diseases. the functional toxin is composed of three proteins: cdtb entering the nucleus and by its nuclease activity inducing nuclear fragmentation and chromatin disintegration, cdta, and cdtc, the two latter being responsible for tox ... | 2014 | 25025680 |
| nlrp3 inflammasome is required for apoptosis of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-infected human osteoblastic mg63 cells. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a. actinomycetemcomitans) is a gram-negative bacterium which is implicated in the pathogenesis of human periodontal disease and in particular aggressive periodontitis. virulence factors from a. actinomycetemcomitans have been shown to induce apoptosis of osteoblasts, however, the underlying mechanisms of the induction of apoptosis are poorly understood. in the present study, the infection of a. actinomycetemcomitans in human osteoblastic mg63 cells was esta ... | 2014 | 25001390 |
| rare case of generalised aggressive periodontitis in the primary dentition. | generalised aggressive periodontitis (ap) in the prepubescent age is an exceptionally rare disease in the primary dentition of otherwise healthy children. characteristics of ap are gingival inflammation, deep periodontal pockets, bone loss, tooth mobility and even tooth loss. the most common way of treating this disease is the extraction of all the involved primary teeth. | 2014 | 25001360 |
| hyperlipidemia causes changes in inflammatory responses to periodontal pathogen challenge: implications in acute and chronic infections. | in this study, the effect of hyperlipidemia on immune responses to periodontal bacterial infections was investigated. | 2014 | 24992577 |
| inactivation of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans by two different modalities of photodynamic therapy using toluidine blue o or radachlorin as photosensitizers: an in vitro study. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a. actinomycetemcomitans) is one of the periodontopathogens strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis. the aim of this investigation was to compare the effect of laser and light-emitting diode on the photodynamic inactivation of a. actinomycetemcomitans. eighty-four samples of bacterial suspensions (200 μl) were prepared and divided in seven groups: control group (no treatment), laser group (indium-gallium-aluminum-phosphate laser with wavelength of ... | 2015 | 24981641 |
| integration host factor is required for replication of pygk-derived plasmids in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | in this study, we show that integration host factor protein (ihf) is required for replication of pygk plasmids in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. ygk plasmids were not replicated in a. actinomycetemcomitans strains lacking either the α- or β- subunit of ihf. however, the deletion mutants were complemented, and plasmid replication was restored when the promoter region and gene for either ihfa or ihfb was cloned into pygk. we also identified two motifs that resemble the consensus ihf-bindin ... | 2014 | 24965736 |
| periodontal pathogens and atherosclerosis: implications of inflammation and oxidative modification of ldl. | inflammation is well accepted to play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions, and recent studies have demonstrated an association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. porphyromonas gingivalis and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, causative agents of destructive chronic inflammation in the periodontium, can accelerate atheroma deposition in animal models. emerging evidence suggests that vaccination against virulence factors of these pathogens and anti ... | 2014 | 24949459 |
| antibacterial activities of extracts from ugandan medicinal plants used for oral care. | medicinal plants are widely used for treatment of oral/dental diseases in uganda. | 2014 | 24945400 |
| periodontal pathogens in atheromatous plaque. | there has been increasing attention paid in recent years to the possibility that oral bacterial infection, particularly periodontal disease may influence the initiation and or progression of systemic diseases. these studies confirm the observation that heart disease is the most commonly found systemic condition in patients with periodontal disease. moreover, the literature has also highlighted substantial evidence indicating the presence of gram-negative periodontal pathogens in atheromatous pla ... | 2014 | 24943760 |
| the ctp type ivb pilus locus of agrobacterium tumefaciens directs formation of the common pili and contributes to reversible surface attachment. | agrobacterium tumefaciens can adhere to plant tissues and abiotic surfaces and forms biofilms. cell surface appendages called pili play an important role in adhesion and biofilm formation in diverse bacterial systems. the a. tumefaciens c58 genome sequence revealed the presence of the ctpabcdefghi genes (cluster of type iv pili; atu0216 to atu0224), homologous to tad-type pilus systems from several bacteria, including aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and caulobacter crescentus. these system ... | 2014 | 24914181 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection mimicking lung cancer: a case report. | pulmonary infections can mimic a pulmonary neoplasm. multiple organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, can present with similar clinical, radiographic, and surgical findings as neoplastic processes. because treatment and the prognosis are completely different, an accurate diagnosis is crucial, and lung biopsy is usually required. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is part of the normal oral flora and is a rare cause of invasive infection due to hematogenous dissemination or aspirati ... | 2014 | 24909795 |
| the interaction of implant luting cements and oral bacteria linked to peri-implant disease: an in vitro analysis of planktonic and biofilm growth--a preliminary study. | there is little consensus on the most appropriate cement to use when restoring a cement-retained, implant-supported restoration. one consideration should be the interaction of pathogenic oral bacteria with restorative cements. | 2015 | 24909337 |
| macrophage inflammatory protein-1α shows predictive value as a risk marker for subjects and sites vulnerable to bone loss in a longitudinal model of aggressive periodontitis. | improved diagnostics remains a fundamental goal of biomedical research. this study was designed to assess cytokine biomarkers that could predict bone loss (bl) in localized aggressive periodontitis. 2,058 adolescents were screened. two groups of 50 periodontally healthy adolescents were enrolled in the longitudinal study. one group had aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa), the putative pathogen, while the matched cohort did not. cytokine levels were assessed in saliva and gingival crevicul ... | 2014 | 24901458 |
| breaking the gingival epithelial barrier: role of the aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin in oral infectious disease. | the gram-negative bacterium aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is part of the hacek group that causes infective endocarditis, a constituent of the oral flora that promotes some forms of periodontal disease and a member of the family of species that secrete a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt). the family of bacteria that express the cdt genes participate in diseases that involve the disruption of a mucosal or epithelial layer. in vitro studies have shown that human gingival epithelial cells (h ... | 2014 | 24861975 |
| internal bacterial colonization of implants: association with peri-implant bone loss. | the aim of the present longitudinal study was to investigate bacterial colonization of the internal implant cavity and to evaluate a possible association with peri-implant bone loss. | 2015 | 24861845 |
| clinical and microbiological characterization of localized aggressive periodontitis: a cohort study. | localized aggressive periodontitis (lagp) is an infectious periodontal disease which generally affects young people. recent data suggest the involvement of different bacterial species in different populations. the causative bacterial species in israel has never been identified despite a high prevalence of lagp in this population. the objectives of this study were to characterize the bacterial microbiota of periodontal pockets within an israeli lagp population who were also clinically assessed. | 2014 | 24861390 |
| lactobacillus salivarius and l. gasseri down-regulate aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans exotoxins expression. | beneficial microbes, such as lactobacilli establish a symbiosis with the host and confer health-associated effects, by limiting the growth of indigenous pathogens and challenging microbes introduced by altered foods. nevertheless, there is scarce information on the effects of beneficial microbes on the virulence properties of bacterial species associated with oral diseases, such as periodontitis. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative species highly implicated in the etiology o ... | 2014 | 24860281 |
| bacterial rtx toxins allow acute atp release from human erythrocytes directly through the toxin pore. | atp is as an extracellular signaling molecule able to amplify the cell lysis inflicted by certain bacterial toxins including the two rtx toxins α-hemolysin (hlya) from escherichia coli and leukotoxin a (ltxa) from aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. inhibition of p2x receptors completely blocks the rtx toxin-induced hemolysis over a larger concentration range. it is, however, at present not known how the atp that provides the amplification is released from the attacked cells. here we show tha ... | 2014 | 24860098 |
| evaluation of periodontal pathogens of the mandibular third molar pericoronitis by using real time pcr. | the aim of this study was to investigate the mandibular third molar pericoronitis flora by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). | 2014 | 24835305 |
| bacterial fight-and-flight responses enhance virulence in a polymicrobial infection. | the oral pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa) resides in infection sites with many microbes, including commensal streptococci such as streptococcus gordonii (sg). during infection, sg promotes the virulence of aa by producing its preferred carbon source, l-lactate, a phenomenon referred to as cross-feeding. however, as with many streptococci, sg also produces high levels of the antimicrobial hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), leading to the question of how aa deals with this potent antimic ... | 2014 | 24825893 |
| effects of mechanical and bacterial stressors on cytokine and growth-factor expression in periodontal ligament cells. | the goal of the study was to examine the effects of a mechanical (orthodontic force simulation by static compressive loading) and a bacterial (endotoxins from a heat-inactivated gram-negative periodontal pathogen) stressor on the expression patterns of factors that are key to regulating osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling. | 2014 | 24825831 |
| relationship between expression of human gingival beta-defensins and levels of periodontopathogens in subgingival plaque. | human beta-defensins (hbds) are a group of antimicrobial peptides important in epithelial innate immunity, and their differential expression is associated with periodontal diseases. the aim of this study was to explore relationships among hbds, total subgingival bacteria and periodontopathogens in healthy subjects and in patients with chronic periodontitis. | 2015 | 24814979 |
| high incidence of periodontitis in japanese patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. | periodontitis is known to be a risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa). however, the influence of periodontitis on aaa in japanese patients has not yet been elucidated. the aim of this clinical investigation was to assess the relationship between periodontal bacterial burden in aaa patients.we studied 12 aaa patients and 24 age- and sex-matched non-aaa cardiovascular patients. we examined periodontitis and the presence of the periodontal pathogens porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatibacte ... | 2014 | 24806388 |
| detection and quantification of periodontal pathogens in smokers and never-smokers with chronic periodontitis by real-time polymerase chain reaction. | the purpose of the present investigation is to compare the presence and number of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival microbiota of smokers versus never-smokers with chronic periodontitis and matched probing depths (pds) using real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). | 2014 | 24794687 |
| systemic exposure to a common periodontal pathogen and missing teeth are associated with metabolic syndrome. | periodontitis is a common chronic infection of tooth-supporting tissues leading to tooth loss. two of the major periodontal pathogens are aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and porphyromonas gingivalis. clinically diagnosed periodontitis has been associated with metabolic syndrome (mets). the aim of the study was to investigate the association of serum antibody levels against a. actinomycetemcomitans and p. gingivalis and the number of missing teeth with mets. the population was the pais subc ... | 2015 | 24791962 |
| periodontitis in cardiovascular disease patients with or without marfan syndrome--a possible role of prevotella intermedia. | although periodontitis is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (cvd), the influence of periodontitis on marfan syndrome (mfs) with cvd is unclear. the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between periodontal bacterial burden and msf with cvd. | 2014 | 24748407 |
| antibacterial action of chlorhexidine/thymol containing varnishes in vitro and in vivo. | the antibacterial activity of two different formulations of a chlorhexidine/thymol varnish should be elucidated in vitro and in vivo. | 2014 | 24738759 |
| microbiology of aggressive periodontitis. | for decades, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been considered the most likely etiologic agent in aggressive periodontitis. implementation of dna-based microbiologic methodologies has considerably improved our understanding of the composition of subgingival biofilms, and advanced open-ended molecular techniques even allow for genome mapping of the whole bacterial spectrum in a sample and characterization of both the cultivable and not-yet-cultivable microbiota associated with periodontal ... | 2014 | 24738586 |
| incidence of periodontitis in japanese patients with cardiovascular diseases: a comparison between abdominal aortic aneurysm and arrhythmia. | although there is a link between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease (cvd), the influence of periodontitis on cvd is unclear. the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between periodontal bacterial burden and cvd. we studied 142 patients with tachyarrhythmia (ta) and 25 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa). we examined periodontitis and the presence of porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and prevotella intermedia in the patients' saliva and su ... | 2015 | 24736944 |
| genetic characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms of periodontal pathogens. | periodontal disease is caused by a group of bacteria that utilize a variety of strategies and molecular mechanisms to evade or overcome host defenses. recent research has uncovered new evidence illuminating interesting aspects of the virulence of these bacteria and their genomic variability. this paper summarizes some of the strategies utilized by the major species - aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, tannerella forsythia, treponema denticola, and porphyromonas gingivalis - implicated in the ... | 2014 | 24736700 |
| combinatorial effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole on selected periodontal bacteria and whole plaque samples. | the aim of the present study was to analyze in vitro the combinatorial effects of the antibiotic combination of amoxicillin plus metronidazole on subgingival bacterial isolates. | 2014 | 24727003 |
| prevalence and distribution of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and its cdtb gene in subgingival plaque of chinese periodontitis patients. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a.actinomycetemcomitans) is an important periodontal pathogen that can participate in periodontitis and other non-oral infections. the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) is among the virulence factors produced by this bacterium. this study was to elucidate the distribution of a.actinomycetemcomitans and the prevalence of its cdtb gene in chinese subjects. | 2014 | 24725913 |
| assessment of periodontal and opportunistic flora in patients with peri-implantitis. | to assess the presence of periodontal and opportunistic organisms in patients with peri-implantitis. | 2015 | 24720498 |
| periodontal pathogens and associated factors in aggressive periodontitis: results 5-17 years after active periodontal therapy. | to assess the association between presence of periodontal pathogens and recurrence of disease in patients with aggressive periodontitis (agp) after active periodontal therapy (apt) and further influencing factors. | 2014 | 24708362 |
| leukocyte production of inflammatory mediators is inhibited by the antioxidants phloretin, silymarin, hesperetin, and resveratrol. | antioxidants possess significant therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. one such disorder is periodontitis characterised by an antimicrobial immune response, inflammation, and irreversible changes to the supporting structures of the teeth. recognition of conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns is a crucial component of innate immunity to gram-negative bacteria such as escherichia coli, as well as the periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. ... | 2014 | 24707119 |
| an in-vitro evaluation of the efficacy of garlic extract as an antimicrobial agent on periodontal pathogens: a microbiological study. | with the rise in bacterial resistance to antibiotics, there is considerable interest in the development of other classes of antimicrobials for the control of infection. garlic (allium sativum linn.) has been used as medicine since ancient times and has long been known to have antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. this study was undertaken to assess the inhibitory effect of garlic on porphyromonas gingivalis and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, to assess the time-kill curve o ... | 2013 | 24695825 |
| [clinical and microbiological effects of the initial periodontal therapy]. | periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues, primarily caused by gram-negative microorganisms. thus, the primary objective of cause-related initial periodontal therapy is disruption and removal of the subgingival biofilm. | 2014 | 24684025 |
| influence of titanium ions on cytokine levels of murine splenocytes stimulated with periodontopathic bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | titanium (ti) is frequently used in dental implants because of its excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. however, ti ions may be slowly released as a result of corrosion, contributing to peri-implantitis, a major cause of dental implant failure. this study examined the influence of ti ions on cytokine levels in murine splenocytes, an immunocompetent cell type, stimulated with aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (lps) and the influence o ... | 2014 | 24683576 |
| association between hacek bacteraemia and endocarditis. | we retrospectively examined medical records of 87 patients with bacteraemia caused by members of the hacek group (haemophilus parainfluenzae, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, aggregatibacter aphrophilus, aggregatibacter paraphrophilus, cardiobacterium spp., eikenella corrodens and kingella spp.) to determine whether endocarditis was present, as defined by the duke criteria. the overall positive predictive value (ppv) of hacek bacteraemia for endocarditis was 60 %. the ppv varied with diffe ... | 2014 | 24681996 |
| metronidazole and amoxicillin susceptibility of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | | 2014 | 24674865 |
| microbiological assessment of the implant-abutment interface in different connections: cross-sectional study after 5 years of functional loading. | to evaluate the bacterial microflora present inside the implant connection and in the peri-implant sulcus fluid of healthy implants, and to analyze the relationships between these harboring sites for four different implant systems after at least 5 years of functional loading. | 2015 | 24665919 |
| intracranial abscess secondary to dental infection. | we report a case of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a. actinomycetemcomitans) bacteraemia and secondary brain abscess in a patient where periodontal disease was implicated as the probable source. | 2014 | 24665546 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain is involved in the detachment and aggregation of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm. | porphyromonas gingivalis and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are major periodontal pathogens that cause several types of periodontal disease. our previous study suggested that p. gingivalis gingipains secreted in the subgingival environment are related to the detachment of a.actinomycetemcomitans biofilms. however, it remains unclear whether arginine-specific cysteine proteinase (rgp) and lysine-specific proteinase (kgp) play different roles in the detachment of a. actinomycetemcomitans bi ... | 2014 | 24661327 |
| bacterial leakage in morse cone internal connection implants using different torque values: an in vitro study. | the aim of this study was to assess whether there was a decrease of bacterial leakage with increasing torque values in conical morse cone connection implants. | 2014 | 24637526 |