Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| a versatile toolbox for the control of protein levels using n(ε)-acetyl-l-lysine dependent amber suppression. | the analysis of the function of essential genes in vivo depends on the ability to experimentally modulate levels of their protein products. current methods to address this are based on transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation of mrnas, but approaches based on the exploitation of translation regulation have so far been neglected. here we describe a toolbox, based on amber suppression in the presence of n(ε)-acetyl-l-lysine (ack), for translational tuning of protein output. we chose the ... | 2017 | 28594177 |
| a highly specific phage defense system is a conserved feature of the vibrio cholerae mobilome. | vibrio cholerae-specific bacteriophages are common features of the microbial community during cholera infection in humans. phages impose strong selective pressure that favors the expansion of phage-resistant strains over their vulnerable counterparts. the mechanisms allowing virulent v. cholerae strains to defend against the ubiquitous threat of predatory phages have not been established. here, we show that v. cholerae ples (phage-inducible chromosomal island-like elements) are widespread genomi ... | 2017 | 28594826 |
| dksa-hapr-rpos axis regulates haemagglutinin protease production in vibrio cholerae. | dksa acts as a co-factor for the intracellular small signalling molecule ppgpp during the stringent response. we recently reported that the expression of the haemagglutinin protease (hap), which is needed for shedding of the cholera pathogen vibrio cholerae during the late phase of infection, is significantly downregulated in v. cholerae ∆dksa mutant (∆dksavc) cells. so far, it has been shown that hap production by v. cholerae cells is critically regulated by hapr and also by rpos. here, we prov ... | 2017 | 28597815 |
| vibrio cholerae colonization of soft-shelled turtles. | vibrio cholerae is an important human pathogen and environmental microflora species that can both propagate in the human intestine and proliferate in zooplankton and aquatic organisms. cholera is transmitted through food and water. in recent years, outbreaks caused by v. cholerae-contaminated soft-shelled turtles, contaminated mainly with toxigenic serogroup o139, have been frequently reported, posing a new foodborne disease public health problem. in this study, the colonization by toxigenic v. ... | 2017 | 28600312 |
| challenges in developing methods for quantifying the effects of weather and climate on water-associated diseases: a systematic review. | infectious diseases attributable to unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene (e.g. cholera, leptospirosis, giardiasis) remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in low-income countries. climate and weather factors are known to affect the transmission and distribution of infectious diseases and statistical and mathematical modelling are continuously developing to investigate the impact of weather and climate on water-associated diseases. there have been little critical a ... | 2017 | 28604791 |
| discovery of two bacterial nitric oxide-responsive proteins and their roles in bacterial biofilm regulation. | bacterial biofilms form when bacteria adhere to a surface and produce an exopolysaccharide matrix ( costerton science 1999 , 284 , 1318 ; davies science 1998 , 280 , 295 ; flemming nat. rev. microbiol. 2010 , 8 , 623 ). because biofilms are resistant to antibiotics, they are problematic in many aspects of human health and welfare, causing, for instance, persistent fouling of medical implants such as catheters and artificial joints ( brunetto chimia 2008 , 62 , 249 ). they are responsible for chr ... | 2017 | 28605194 |
| laboratory techniques used to maintain and differentiate biotypes of vibrio cholerae clinical and environmental isolates. | the aquatic gram-negative bacterium vibrio cholerae is the etiological agent of the infectious gastrointestinal disease cholera. due to the global prevalence and severity of this disease, v. cholerae has been extensively studied in both environmental and laboratory settings, requiring proper maintenance and culturing techniques. classical and el tor are two main biotypes that compose the v. cholerae o1 serogroup, each displaying unique genotypic and phenotypic characteristics that provide reliab ... | 2017 | 28605374 |
| the two-component signal transduction system vxrab positively regulates vibrio cholerae biofilm formation. | two-component signal transduction systems (tcss), typically composed of a sensor histidine kinase (hk) and a response regulator (rr), are the primary mechanism by which pathogenic bacteria sense and respond to extracellular signals. the pathogenic bacterium vibrio cholerae is no exception and harbors 52 rr genes. using in-frame deletion mutants of each rr gene, we performed a systematic analysis of their role in v. cholerae biofilm formation. we determined that 7 rrs impacted the expression of a ... | 2017 | 28607158 |
| reaction intermediates in the heme degradation reaction by hutz from vibrio cholerae. | hutz is a heme-degrading enzyme in vibrio cholerae. it converts heme to biliverdin via verdoheme, suggesting that it follows the same reaction mechanism as that of mammalian heme oxygenase. however, none of the key intermediates have been identified. in this study, we applied steady-state and time-resolved uv-vis absorption and resonance raman spectroscopy to study the reaction of the heme-hutz complex with h2o2 or ascorbic acid. we characterized three intermediates: oxyferrous heme, meso-hydrox ... | 2017 | 28607990 |
| minimal genetic change in vibrio cholerae in mozambique over time: multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis and whole genome sequencing. | although cholera is a major public health concern in mozambique, its transmission patterns remain unknown. we surveyed the genetic relatedness of 75 vibrio cholerae isolates from patients at manhiça district hospital between 2002-2012 and 3 isolates from river using multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (mlva) and whole genome sequencing (wgs). mlva revealed 22 genotypes in two clonal complexes and four unrelated genotypes. wgs revealed i) the presence of recombination, ii) 67 isolat ... | 2017 | 28622368 |
| vaxchora: a single-dose oral cholera vaccine. | to review trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of vaxchora, a reformulated, single-dose, oral, lyophilized vibrio cholerae cvd 103-hgr vaccine for the prevention of travel-related cholera caused by v cholerae serogroup o1. | 2017 | 28622736 |
| characterization of vibrio cholerae o1 strains that trace the origin of haitian-like genetic traits. | vibrio cholerae o1 is the etiological agent of the severe diarrheal disease cholera. the bacterium has recently been causing outbreaks in haiti with catastrophic effects. numerous mutations have been reported in v. cholerae o1 strains associated with the haitian outbreak. these mutations encompass among other the genes encoding virulence factors such as the pilin subunit of the toxin-co-regulated pilus (tcpa), cholera toxin b subunit (ctxb), repeat in toxins (rtxa), and other genes such as the q ... | 2017 | 28625543 |
| quantifying vibrio cholerae enterotoxicity in a zebrafish infection model. | vibrio cholerae is the etiological agent of cholera, an acute intestinal infection in humans characterized by voluminous watery diarrhea. cholera is spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water, primarily in developing countries that lack the proper infrastructure for proper water and sewage treatment. vibrio cholerae is an aquatic bacterium that inhabits coastal and estuarine areas, and is known to have several environmental reservoirs, including fish. our laboratory has recently desc ... | 2017 | 28625997 |
| control of virulence gene transcription by indirect readout in vibrio cholerae and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | indirect readout mechanisms of transcription control rely on the recognition of dna shape by transcription factors (tfs). tfs may also employ a direct readout mechanism that involves the reading of the base sequence in the dna major groove at the binding site. tfs with winged helix-turn-helix (whth) motifs use an alpha helix to read the base sequence in the major groove while inserting a beta sheet 'wing' into the adjacent minor groove. such whth proteins are important regulators of virulence ge ... | 2017 | 28631437 |
| identification of a small molecule activator for aphb, a lysr-type virulence transcriptional regulator in vibrio cholerae. | aphb is a lysr-type transcriptional regulator (lttr) that cooperates with a second transcriptional activator, apha, at the tcpph promoter to initiate expression of the virulence cascade in vibrio cholerae. because it is not yet known whether aphb responds to a natural ligand in v. cholerae that influences its ability to activate transcription, we used a computational approach to identify small molecules that influence its activity. in silico docking was used to identify potential ligands for aph ... | 2017 | 28640592 |
| genetic diversity of environmental vibrio cholerae o1 strains isolated in northern vietnam. | cholera epidemics have been recorded periodically in vietnam during the seventh cholera pandemic. since cholera is a water-borne disease, systematic monitoring of environmental waters for vibrio cholerae presence is important for predicting and preventing cholera epidemics. we conducted monitoring, isolation, and genetic characterization of v. cholerae strains in nam dinh province of northern vietnam from jul 2013 to feb 2015. in this study, four v. cholerae o1 strains were detected and isolated ... | 2017 | 28642158 |
| electrostatic interactions between the ctx phage minor coat protein and the bacterial host receptor tola drive the pathogenic conversion of vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of aquatic environments and converts to a pathogen upon infection by a filamentous phage, ctxφ, that transmits the cholera toxin-encoding genes. this toxigenic conversion of v. cholerae has evident implication in both genome plasticity and epidemic risk, but the early stages of the infection have not been thoroughly studied. ctxφ transit across the bacterial periplasm requires binding between the minor coat protein named piii and a bacterial inner-membrane ... | 2017 | 28642371 |
| riverbed sediments as reservoirs of multiple vibrio cholerae virulence-associated genes: a potential trigger for cholera outbreaks in developing countries. | africa remains the most cholera stricken continent in the world as many people lacking access to safe drinking water rely mostly on polluted rivers as their main water sources. however, studies in these countries investigating the presence of vibrio cholerae in aquatic environments have paid little attention to bed sediments. also, information on the presence of virulence-associated genes (vags) in environmental ctx-negative v. cholerae strains in this region is lacking. thus, we investigated th ... | 2017 | 28642796 |
| a double-quadratic model for predicting vibrio species in water environments of japan. | vibrio spp. are natural inhabitants of marine and estuarine environments. vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio vulnificus are the major infectious agents for humans. their densities are affected by environmental factors such as water temperature and salinity. the detailed contribution of each factor still remains to be elucidated. here we conducted multi-coastal study in a 21-month period to examine relationships between environmental factors and v. cholerae, v. parahaemolyticus ... | 2017 | 28646477 |
| cholera - management and prevention. | cholera is an acute secretory diarrhoeal infection caused by the bacterium vibrio cholerae. it is likely to have originated in the indian sub-continent; however, it spread to cause six worldwide pandemics between 1817-1923. the ongoing seventh worldwide pandemic of cholera began in 1961. the intensity, duration and severity of cholera epidemics have been increasing, signaling the need for more effective control and prevention measures. the response to the cholera pandemics of the 19th century le ... | 2017 | 28646965 |
| putative protein vc0395_0300 from vibrio cholerae is a diguanylate cyclase with a role in biofilm formation. | the hallmark of the lifecycle of vibrio cholerae is its ability to switch between two lifestyles - the sessile, non-pathogenic form and the motile, infectious form in human hosts. one of these changes is in the formation of surface biofilms, when in sessile aquatic habitats. the cell-cell interactions within a v. cholerae biofilm are stabilized by the production of an exopolysachharide (eps) matrix, which in turn is regulated by the ubiquitous secondary messenger, cyclic di-gmp (c-di-gmp), synth ... | 2017 | 28647124 |
| vibrio cholerae o1 with ctxb7 variant genotype acquired qnrvc mediated ciprofloxacin resistance in yavatmal, india. | the effective use of antimicrobials assumes utmost importance in curtailing increasing drug resistance and management of the cholera epidemics. in 2012, vibrio cholerae o1 variant el tor strains with haitian cholera toxin (hct) and reduced susceptible to ciprofloxacin caused a cholera outbreak in yavatmal, india. here, we report that the v. cholerae isolates of recent years in the region show acquisition of resistance to ciprofloxacin. | 2017 | 28648857 |
| cellular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of flufenamic acid on chloride secretion in human intestinal epithelial cells. | intestinal cl(-) secretion is involved in the pathogenesis of secretory diarrheas including cholera. we recently demonstrated that flufenamic acid (ffa) suppressed vibrio cholerae el tor variant-induced intestinal fluid secretion via mechanisms involving ampk activation and nf-κb-suppression. the present study aimed to investigate the effect of ffa on transepithelial cl(-) secretion in human intestinal epithelial (t84) cells. ffa inhibited camp-dependent cl(-) secretion in t84 cell monolayers wi ... | 2017 | 28651800 |
| identification and growth optimization of a marine bacillus dk1-sa11 having potential of producing broad spectrum antimicrobial compounds. | control of harmful bacteria in food, aquaculture, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, hospitals and recreation water pools are of great global concern. marine bacteria are an enormous source of bio-controlling agents. the aim of this study was to identify and optimize the growth conditions including effect of different biotic and abiotic factors on antimicrobial activity of strain dk1-sa11 isolated from qingdao bay of china yellow sea. microscopic characterization, api® 20e and 50 chb kit base carbohy ... | 2017 | 28653930 |
| development and evaluation of an up-converting phosphor technology-based lateral flow assay for the rapid, simultaneous detection of vibrio cholerae serogroups o1 and o139. | vibrio cholerae serogroups o1 and o139 are etiological agents of cholera, a serious and acute diarrheal disease, and rapid detection of v. cholerae is a key method for preventing and controlling cholera epidemics. here, a point of care testing (poct) method called vch-upt-lf, which is an up-converting phosphor technology-based lateral flow (upt-lf) assay with a dual-target detection mode, was developed to detect v. cholerae o1 and o139 simultaneously from one sample loading. although applying an ... | 2017 | 28662147 |
| cyclic di-gmp and vpsr induce the expression of type ii secretion in vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is a human pathogen which alternates between growth in environmental reservoirs and infection of human hosts causing severe diarrhea. the second messenger cyclic di-gmp (c-di-gmp) mediates this transition by controlling a wide range of functions such as biofilms, virulence, and motility. here we report that c-di-gmp induces expression of the extracellular protein secretion (eps) gene cluster, which encodes the type ii secretion system (t2ss) in v. cholerae analysis of the eps gen ... | 2017 | 28674069 |
| vibrio cholerae o1 ogawa strains carrying the ctxb7 allele caused large cholera outbreak during 2014 in the tribal areas of odisha, india. | the large outbreak of cholera reported during july to sept, 2014 in narla block of kalahandi district was investigated to find out the causative organism. the rectal swabs collected from diarrhoea patients and environmental water samples were sub-cultured following standard techniques. the causative organism was v.cholerae o1 ogawa biotype el tor while dmama-pcr assay confirmed that all strains were ctxb7 of haitian variants v.cholerae o1. the water samples were negative for v. cholerae .the v.c ... | 2017 | 28674316 |
| virulence-associated factors in vibrio cholerae non-o1/non-o139 and v. mimicus strains isolated in ornamental fish species. | during recent decades, ornamental fish have proven to be one of the fastest growing categories of pets in europe. in this framework, we evaluated both the potential pathogenic and zoonotic risks caused by 53 vibrio cholerae non-o1/non-o139 and a vibrio mimicus strain isolated from ornamental fish species mostly originating from south-east asia countries between 2000 and 2015 in italy. all the strains were firstly identified at species level by biochemical, phylogenetic and mass spectrometry (mat ... | 2017 | 28677232 |
| characterization of the escherichia coli concentrative nucleoside transporter nupc using computational, biochemical, and biophysical methods. | members of the concentrative nucleoside transporter (cnt) family of proteins mediate uptake of nucleosides into cells driven by a cation gradient, which then enter salvage pathways for nucleic acid synthesis. in humans, they also transport hydrophilic anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analogue drugs into cells and tissues where they exert their pharmacological effects. escherichia coli cnt nupc (400 residues) is pyrimidine-specific and driven by a proton gradient. we have used computational, b ... | 2017 | 28682624 |
| the nucleoid occlusion protein slma is a direct transcriptional activator of chitobiose utilization in vibrio cholerae. | chitin utilization by the cholera pathogen vibrio cholerae is required for its persistence and evolution via horizontal gene transfer in the marine environment. genes involved in the uptake and catabolism of the chitin disaccharide chitobiose are encoded by the chb operon. the orphan sensor kinase chis is critical for regulation of this locus, however, the mechanisms downstream of chis activation that result in expression of the chb operon are poorly understood. using an unbiased transposon muta ... | 2017 | 28683122 |
| the contribution of two isozymes to the pyruvate kinase activity of vibrio cholerae: one k+-dependent constitutively active and another k+-independent with essential allosteric activation. | in a previous phylogenetic study of the family of pyruvate kinase ec (2.7.1.40), a cluster with glu117 and another with lys117 were found (numbered according to the rabbit muscle enzyme). the sequences with glu117 have been found to be k+-dependent, whereas those with lys117 were k+-independent. interestingly, only γ-proteobacteria exhibit sequences in both branches of the tree. in this context, it was explored whether these phylogenetically distinct pyruvate kinases were both expressed and cont ... | 2017 | 28686591 |
| interbacterial predation as a strategy for dna acquisition in naturally competent bacteria. | natural competence enables bacteria to take up exogenous dna. the evolutionary function of natural competence remains controversial, as imported dna can act as a source of substrates or can be integrated into the genome. exogenous homologous dna can also be used for genome repair. in this opinion article, we propose that predation of non-related neighbouring bacteria coupled with competence regulation might function as an active strategy for dna acquisition. competence-dependent kin-discriminate ... | 2017 | 28690319 |
| effects of desiccation practices of cultured atlantic oysters (crassostrea virginica) on vibrio spp. in portersville bay, alabama, usa. | the expansion of off-bottom aquaculture to the gulf of mexico has raised public health concerns for human health officials. high temperatures in the gulf of mexico are associated with high levels of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus. routine desiccation practices associated with off-bottom aquaculture expose oysters to ambient air, allowing vibrio spp. to proliferate in the closed oyster. currently, there is limited research on the length of time needed for vibrio spp. levels in desi ... | 2017 | 28696147 |
| galleria mellonella is low cost and suitable surrogate host for studying virulence of human pathogenic vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae causes a severe diarrheal disease affecting millions of people worldwide, particularly in low income countries. v. cholerae successfully persist in aquatic environment and its pathogenic strains results in sever enteric disease in humans. this dual life style contributes towards its better survival and persistence inside host gut and in the environment. alternative animal replacement models are of great value in studying host-pathogen interaction and for quick screening of variou ... | 2017 | 28698162 |
| antibacterial and antioxidant constituents of extracts of endophytic fungi isolated from ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora leaves. | fourteen fungal endophytes were isolated from the ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora leaves collected from northern thailand. eight genera were identified including aspergillus, ascochyta, nigrospora, blastomyces, colletotrichum, exidia, clitopilus, and nomuraea. the antibacterial activity of crude extracts from all endophytic fungi was tested against nine human bacterial pathogens: staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, klebsiella ... | 2017 | 28698913 |
| environmental bacteriophages active on biofilms and planktonic forms of toxigenic vibrio cholerae: potential relevance in cholera epidemiology. | phages isolated from environmental waters in bangladesh were tested for their host specificity towards v. cholerae o1 and o139, and the ability to disperse v. cholerae biofilms formed in the laboratory. representative phages were further characterized by electron microscopy and whole genome sequencing. selected phages were then introduced in various combinations to biofilms of toxigenic v. cholerae added to samples of river water, and the dispersion of biofilms as well as the growth kinetics of ... | 2017 | 28700707 |
| seed metabolome analysis of a transgenic rice line expressing cholera toxin b-subunit. | plant-based human vaccines have been actively developed in recent years, and rice (oryza sativa l.) is one of the best candidate crops for their production and delivery. by expressing a modified cholera toxin b (ctb) subunit, we previously developed mucorice-ctb, a rice-based vaccine against cholera, which is caused by infection of the intestine with the bacteria vibrio cholerae. mucorice-ctb lines have been extensively characterized by whole-genome sequencing and proteome analyses to evaluate t ... | 2017 | 28701756 |
| the type vi secretion system sheath assembles at the end distal from the membrane anchor. | the bacterial type vi secretion system (t6ss) delivers proteins into target cells using fast contraction of a long sheath anchored to the cell envelope and wrapped around an inner hcp tube associated with the secreted proteins. mechanisms of sheath assembly and length regulation are unclear. here we study these processes using spheroplasts formed from ampicillin-treated vibrio cholerae. we show that spheroplasts secrete hcp and deliver t6ss substrates into neighbouring cells. imaging of sheath d ... | 2017 | 28703218 |
| correlation of edge truncation with antibacterial activity of plate-like anisotropic silver nanoparticles. | the effect of silver nanoparticle anisotropy on the antibacterial properties has been studied against escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus, vibrio cholerae, and streptococcus pyogenes. anisotropic silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by solvothermal process. the uv-visible absorption, x-ray diffraction, and tem studies show the anisotropic nature of silver nanoparticles. the results demonstrate that the anisotropic silver nanoparticles undergo a shape-dependent interaction wit ... | 2017 | 28707245 |
| retrospective genomic analysis of vibrio cholerae o1 el tor strains from different places in india reveals the presence of ctxb-7 allele found in haitian isolates. | a total of 45 strains of vibrio cholerae o1 isolated from 10 different places in india where they were associated with cases of cholera between the years 2007 and 2008 were examined by molecular methods. with the help of phenotypic and genotypic tests the strains were confirmed to be o1 el tor biotype strains with classical ctxb gene. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis by double - mismatch amplification mutation assay pcr showed 16 of these strains carried the ctxb-7 allele reported in hai ... | 2017 | 28712383 |
| plant-made virus-like particles bearing influenza hemagglutinin (ha) recapitulate early interactions of native influenza virions with human monocytes/macrophages. | plant-made virus-like particles (vlp) bearing influenza virus hemagglutinins (ha) are novel vaccine candidates that induce cross-reactive humoral and poly-functional t cell responses. to better understand the mechanisms that underlie this broad immunogenicity we studied early interactions of vlps bearing either h1 (a/california/07/2009 (h1n1)) or h5 (a/indonesia/05/2005 (h5n1)) with a human monocytoid cell line (u-937 cells) and human monocyte-derived macrophages (mdms) as model antigen-presenti ... | 2017 | 28712489 |
| detection of eight foodborne bacterial pathogens by oligonucleotide array hybridization. | simultaneous and rapid detection of multiple foodborne bacterial pathogens is important for the prevention of foodborne illnesses. | 2017 | 28713514 |
| prevalence of enteric infections among hospitalized patients in two referral hospitals in ghana. | diarrhea is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. in africa and ghana in particular, it is estimated to contribute directly to 19 and 25% of pediatric mortality among children under 5 years, respectively. | 2017 | 28716138 |
| risk factors for household transmission of vibrio cholerae in dhaka, bangladesh (chobi7 trial). | abstracthousehold contacts of cholera patients are at a 100 times higher risk of a vibrio cholerae infection than the general population. to examine risk factors for v. cholerae infections and investigate intervention strategies among this population, we followed household contacts of cholera patients for the 1-week high-risk period after the index patient obtained care. this study was nested within a randomized controlled trial of the cholera-hospital-based-intervention-for-7-days (chobi7), a h ... | 2017 | 28719281 |
| a prolonged, community-wide cholera outbreak associated with drinking water contaminated by sewage in kasese district, western uganda. | in may 2015, a cholera outbreak that had lasted 3 months and infected over 100 people was reported in kasese district, uganda, where multiple cholera outbreaks had occurred previously. we conducted an investigation to identify the mode of transmission to guide control measures. | 2017 | 28720083 |
| household and individual risk factors for cholera among cholera vaccine recipients in rural haiti. | oral cholera vaccination was used as part of cholera control in haiti, but the vaccine does not provide complete protection. we conducted secondary data analyses of a vaccine effectiveness study in haiti to evaluate risk factors for cholera among cholera vaccine recipients. individuals vaccinated against cholera that presented with acute watery diarrhea and had a stool sample positive for vibrio cholerae o1 were included as cases. up to four vaccinated individuals who did not present for treatme ... | 2017 | 28722575 |
| growth arrest and a persister state enable resistance to osmotic shock and facilitate dissemination of vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is a water-borne bacterial pathogen and causative agent of cholera. although v. cholerae is a halophile, it can survive in fresh water, and this has a major role in cholera epidemics through consumption of contaminated water and subsequent fecal-oral spread. after dissemination from humans back into fresh water, v. cholerae encounters limited nutrient availability and an abrupt drop in conductivity but little is known about how v. cholerae adapts to, and survives in this environm ... | 2017 | 28742070 |
| horizontal gene transfer of functional type vi killing genes by natural transformation. | horizontal gene transfer (hgt) can have profound effects on bacterial evolution by allowing individuals to rapidly acquire adaptive traits that shape their strategies for competition. one strategy for intermicrobial antagonism often used by proteobacteria is the genetically encoded contact-dependent type vi secretion system (t6ss), a weapon used to kill heteroclonal neighbors by direct injection of toxic effectors. here, we experimentally demonstrate that vibrio cholerae can acquire new t6ss eff ... | 2017 | 28743812 |
| transmission dynamics of cholera in yemen, 2017: a real time forecasting. | a large epidemic of cholera, caused by vibrio cholerae, serotype ogawa, has been ongoing in yemen, 2017. to improve the situation awareness, the present study aimed to forecast the cholera epidemic, explicitly addressing the reporting delay and ascertainment bias. | 2017 | 28747188 |
| use of serologic responses against enteropathogens to assess the impact of a point-of-use water filter: a randomized controlled trial in western province, rwanda. | diarrhea is a leading contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality in sub-saharan africa. given the challenge of blinding most water, sanitation, and hygiene (wash) interventions, diarrheal disease outcome measures in wash intervention trials are subject to potential bias and misclassification. using the platform of a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a household-based drinking water filter in western province, rwanda, we assessed the impact of the drinking water filter on enteric seroc ... | 2017 | 28749764 |
| systematic genetic dissection of chitin degradation and uptake in vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is a natural resident of the aquatic environment, where a common nutrient is the chitinous exoskeletons of microscopic crustaceans. chitin utilization requires chitinases, which degrade this insoluble polymer into soluble chitin oligosaccharides. these oligosaccharides also serve as an inducing cue for natural transformation in vibrio species. there are 7 predicted endochitinase-like genes in the v. cholerae genome. here, we systematically dissect the contribution of each gene to ... | 2017 | 28752963 |
| crystal structure of master biofilm regulator csgd regulatory domain reveals an atypical receiver domain. | the master regulator csgd switches planktonic growth to biofilm formation by activating synthesis of curli fimbriae and cellulose in enterobacteriaceae. csgd was classified to be the luxr response regulatory family, while its cognate sensor histidine kinase has not been identified yet. csgd consists of a c-terminal dna binding domain and an n-terminal regulatory domain that provokes the upstream signal transduction to further modulate its function. we provide the crystal structure of salmonella ... | 2017 | 28758290 |
| low doses of cholera toxin and its mediator camp induce ctla-2 secretion by dendritic cells to enhance regulatory t cell conversion. | immature or semi-mature dendritic cells (dcs) represent tolerogenic maturation stages that can convert naive t cells into foxp3+ induced regulatory t cells (itreg). here we found that murine bone marrow-derived dcs (bm-dcs) treated with cholera toxin (ct) matured by up-regulating mhc-ii and costimulatory molecules using either high or low doses of ct (cthi, ctlo) or with camp, a known mediator ct signals. however, all three conditions also induced mrna of both isoforms of the tolerogenic molecul ... | 2017 | 28759565 |
| structural dynamics of rbma governs plasticity of vibrio cholerae biofilms. | biofilm formation is critical for the infection cycle of vibrio cholerae. vibrio exopolysaccharides (vps) and the matrix proteins rbma, bap1 and rbmc are required for the development of biofilm architecture. we demonstrate that rbma binds vps directly and uses a binary structural switch within its first fibronectin type iii (fniii-1) domain to control rbma structural dynamics and the formation of vps-dependent higher-order structures. the structural switch in fniii-1 regulates interactions in tr ... | 2017 | 28762945 |
| campylobacter jejuni as a cause of diarrhoea. | this study was carried out to isolate and identify campylobacter jejuni from stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhoea. the study spanned a two-year period and c. jejuni was isolated in 10 (4.5%) out of 220 patients of diarrhoea] disorders. in samples of stool collected from 50 healthy individuals, c. jejuni was isolated in one (2%) case. further, to isolate other enteropathogens alongwith c. jejuni, procedures were undertaken simultaneously to identify salmonella, shigella and vibrio c ... | 1997 | 28769509 |
| ultrasensitive biosensor for the detection of vibrio cholerae dna with polystyrene-co-acrylic acid composite nanospheres. | an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for the determination of pathogenic vibrio cholerae (v. cholerae) dna was developed based on polystyrene-co-acrylic acid (psa) latex nanospheres-gold nanoparticles composite (psa-aunps) dna carrier matrix. differential pulse voltammetry (dpv) using an electroactive anthraquninone oligonucleotide label was used for measuring the biosensor response. loading of gold nanoparticles (aunps) on the dna-latex particle electrode has significantly amplified the ... | 2017 | 28774152 |
| plasmid mediated drug resistance in vibrio cholerae 0139 bengal. | sixteen strains of vibrio cholerae were isolated from cases of diarrhoea. out of these, 12 (75%) were identified as vibrio cholerae 0139 synonym bengal and 4 (25%) as vibrio cholerae el tor by standard biochemical and serological tests. modified camp reaction in sheep blood agar showed that 0139 produced moderate hemolysis, el tor produced wider zone of hemolysis whereas classical vibrio cholerae produced no zone of hemolysis (camp negative). break point minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) by ... | 1998 | 28775481 |
| selection of affinity peptides for interference-free detection of cholera toxin. | cholera toxin is a major virulent agent of vibrio cholerae, and it can rapidly lead to severe dehydration, shock, causing death within hours without appropriate clinical treatments. in this study, we present a method wherein unique and short peptides that bind to cholera toxin subunit b (ctx-b) were selected through m13 phage display. biopanning over recombinant ctx-b led to rapid screening of a unique peptide with an amino acid sequence of vqcrlgppwcak, and the phage-displayed peptides analyzed ... | 2017 | 28780344 |
| murb as a target in an alternative approach to tackle the vibrio cholerae resistance using molecular docking and simulation study. | cholera is a serious threat to a large population in the under developed countries. though oral rehydration therapy is the preferred choice of treatment, the use of antibiotics could reduce the microbial load in the case of severity. the use of antibiotics is also sought in the scenarios where there is problem with access to clean water. however, vibrio cholera strains have developed resistance to antibiotics such as amoxicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, erythromycin and tetracy ... | 2017 | 28786497 |
| antibiotics resistance in el tor vibrio cholerae 01 isolated during cholera outbreaks in mozambique from 2012 to 2015. | mozambique has recorded cyclically epidemic outbreaks of cholera. antibiotic therapy is recommended in specific situations for management and control of cholera outbreaks. however, an increase in resistance rates to antibiotics by vibrio cholerae has been reported in several epidemic outbreaks worldwide. on the other hand, there are few recent records of continuous surveillance of antibiotics susceptibility pattern of v. cholerae in mozambique. | 2017 | 28792540 |
| rational design of artificial dye-decolorizing peroxidases using myoglobin by engineering tyr/trp in the heme center. | the rational design of metalloenzymes provides advantages not only for illustrating the structure and function relationship of native enzymes, but also for creating functional artificial enzymes comparable to native enzymes. dye-decolorizing peroxidases (dyps) are a new family of heme peroxidases and have received much attention recently. inspired by the structural features of native dyps with multiple tyr and trp residues, we herein aimed to design functional artificial dyps using myoglobin (mb ... | 2017 | 28795725 |
| large cholera outbreak in brong ahafo region, ghana. | a nationwide outbreak of vibrio cholerae occurred in ghana in 2014 with accra, the nation's capital as the epi-center. the outbreak spread to the brong ahafo region (bar) which is geographically located in the middle of the country. in this region a review of data collected during the outbreak was carried out and analyzed descriptively to determine the hot spots and make recommendations for effective response to future outbreaks. | 2017 | 28797285 |
| great cormorants (phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a devastating epidemic and pandemic disease. despite its importance, the way of its global dissemination is unknown. v. cholerae is abundant in aquatic habitats and is known to be borne by copepods, chironomids and fishes. our aim was to determine if fish-eating birds act as vectors in the spread of v. cholerae by consuming infected fish. we determined the existence of v. cholerae in the microbiome of 5/7 wild cormorants' intestine. in three of these v. c ... | 2017 | 28801549 |
| vibrio cholerae type 6 secretion system effector trafficking in target bacterial cells. | the type 6 secretion system (t6ss) is used by many gram-negative bacterial species to deliver toxic effector proteins into nearby bacteria prey cells to kill or inhibit their growth. vgrg proteins are core conserved secretion substrates of the t6ss and one subset of t6ss effectors consists of vgrg proteins with c-terminal extension domains carrying various enzymatic activities. in vibrio cholerae, vgrg3 has a hydrolase extension domain and degrades peptidoglycan in the periplasm of target bacter ... | 2017 | 28808000 |
| molecular epidemiology of cholera outbreaks during the rainy season in mandalay, myanmar. | cholera, caused by vibrio cholerae, remains a global threat to public health. in myanmar, the availability of published information on the occurrence of the disease is scarce. we report here that cholera incidence in mandalay generally exhibited a single annual peak, with an annual average of 312 patients with severe dehydration over the past 5 years (since 2011) and was closely associated with the rainy season. we analyzed cholera outbreaks, characterized 67 isolates of v. cholerae serogroup o1 ... | 2017 | 28820711 |
| from hospitalization records to surveillance: the use of local patient profiles to characterize cholera in vellore, india. | despite availability of high quality medical records, health care systems often do not have the resources or tools to utilize these data efficiently. yet, hospital-based, laboratory-confirmed records may pave the way for building reliable surveillance systems capable of monitoring temporal trends of emerging infections. in this communication, we present a new tool to compress and visualize medical records with a local population profile (lpp) approach, which transforms information into statistic ... | 2017 | 28820902 |
| spermine inhibits vibrio cholerae biofilm formation through the nsps-mbaa polyamine signaling system. | the aquatic bacterium and human intestinal pathogen, vibrio cholerae, senses and responds to a variety of environment-specific cues to regulate biofilm formation. specifically, the polyamines norspermidine and spermidine enhance and repress v. cholerae biofilm formation, respectively. these effects are relevant for understanding v. cholerae pathogenicity and are mediated through the periplasmic binding protein, nsps, and the transmembrane c-di-gmp phosphodiesterase mbaa. however, the levels of s ... | 2017 | 28827313 |
| prediction of bacterial small rnas in the rsma (csra) and toxt pathways: a machine learning approach. | small rnas (srnas) constitute an important class of post-transcriptional regulators that control critical cellular processes in bacteria. recent research using high-throughput transcriptomic approaches has led to a dramatic increase in the discovery of bacterial srnas. however, it is generally believed that the currently identified srnas constitute a limited subset of the bacterial srna repertoire. in several cases, srnas belonging to a specific class are already known and the challenge is to id ... | 2017 | 28830349 |
| extracellular-matrix-mediated osmotic pressure drives vibrio cholerae biofilm expansion and cheater exclusion. | biofilms, surface-attached communities of bacteria encased in an extracellular matrix, are a major mode of bacterial life. how the material properties of the matrix contribute to biofilm growth and robustness is largely unexplored, in particular in response to environmental perturbations such as changes in osmotic pressure. here, using vibrio cholerae as our model organism, we show that during active cell growth, matrix production enables biofilm-dwelling bacterial cells to establish an osmotic ... | 2017 | 28835649 |
| highlights from this issue. | 2017 | 28839876 | |
| transposon insertion site sequencing for synthetic lethal screening. | transposon insertion site sequencing (tis) permits genome-wide, quantitative fitness assessment of individual genomic loci. in addition to the identification of essential genes in given growth conditions, tis enables the elucidation of genetic networks such as synthetic lethal or suppressor gene combinations. therefore, tis becomes an exceptionally powerful tool for the high-throughput determination of genotype-phenotype relationships in bacteria. here, we describe a protocol for the generation ... | 2017 | 28842874 |
| evaluation of microplate immunocapture method for detection of vibrio cholerae, salmonella typhi and shigella flexneri from food. | improved methods with better separation and concentration ability for detection of foodborne pathogens are in constant need. the aim of this study was to evaluate microplate immunocapture (ic) method for detection of salmonella typhi, shigella flexneri and vibrio cholerae from food samples to provide a better alternative to conventional culture based methods. | 2017 | 28851288 |
| modelling of growth kinetics of vibrio cholerae in presence of gold nanoparticles: effect of size and morphology. | emergence of multiple drug resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria calls for new initiatives to combat infectious diseases. gold nanoparticles (aunps), because of their non-toxic nature and size/shape dependent optical properties, offer interesting possibility. here we report the antibacterial efficacy of aunps of different size and shape (auns10, auns100 and aunr10; the number indicating the diameter in nm; s stands for sphere and r for rod) against the classical (o395) and el tor (n16961) bio ... | 2017 | 28851910 |
| environmental vibrios represent a source of antagonistic compounds that inhibit pathogenic vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. | with the overuse of antibiotics, many pathogens including vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus have evolved multidrug resistance making treatment more difficult. while understanding the mechanisms that underlie pathogenesis is crucial, knowledge of bacterial interactions of v. cholerae and v. parahaemolyticus could provide insight to their susceptibility outside of the human host. based on previous work showing competition among environmental strains, we predict that marine-derived bacter ... | 2017 | 28857444 |