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cloning and sequencing of novel genes from vibrio alginolyticus that support the growth of k+ uptake-deficient mutant of escherichia coli.novel genes that functionally complement the growth of k+ uptake-deficient mutant strain of escherichia coli tk420 have been cloned from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus. the nucleotide sequence revealed three open reading frames. the second gene was homologous to proc gene and allowed the growth of proc-defective mutant strain of e. coli chi 342 in the absence of proline. the first and third genes, but not proc, were required for the growth of tk420 in a synthetic medium containing 10 ...19968982386
alkaline serine protease is an exotoxin of vibrio alginolyticus in kuruma prawn, penaeus japonicus.an extracellular lethal toxin produced by vibrio alginolyticus strain swy originally isolated from diseased kuruma prawn(penaeus japonicus) was partially purified by fast protein liquid chromatography with hydrophobic interaction (phenyl sepharose hig hperformance) chromatography and gel filtration columns. the toxin is an alkaline serine protease, inhibited by phenyl-methylsulfonyl fluoride (pmsf),and showed maximal activity at ph 10, having a molecular weight of about 33kda estimated by sds-pa ...19979003588
vibrio alginolyticus mutants resistant to phenamil, a specific inhibitor of the sodium-driven flagellar motor.the polar flagella of vibrio alginolyticus are driven by sodium motive force and those motors are specifically and strongly inhibited by phenamil, an amiloride analog that is thought to interact with a sodium channel of the flagellar motor. to study the sodium ion coupling site, we isolated motility mutants resistant to phenamil and named the phenotype mpa(r) for motility resistant to phenamil. the motility of the wild-type (mpa(s)) was inhibited by 50 microm phenamil, whereas mpa(r) strains wer ...19979018045
genetic defect of the sodium pump-defective mutant nap-1 from the marine vibrio alginolyticus.the marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, has a respiratory chain-linked na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr). among several mutant cells defective in na+ pump activity, nap1 was a very stable mutant and a spontaneous revertant could not be isolated from nap1. using genetic information from the recently sequenced nqr operon, the genetic defects in nap1 were examined, and the sodium pump-defective mutant nap1 was found to be caused by the insertion of a 1.2 kbp dna fragment into the ...19979043633
membrane localization, topology, and mutual stabilization of the rnfabc gene products in rhodobacter capsulatus and implications for a new family of energy-coupling nadh oxidoreductases.the rnf genes in rhodobacter capsulatus are unique nitrogen fixation genes that encode potential membrane proteins (rnfa, rnfd, and rnfe) and potential iron-sulfur proteins (rnfb and rnfc). in this study, we first analyzed the localization and topology of the rnfa, rnfb, and rnfc proteins. by activity and immunoblot analysis of expression of translational fusions to escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase, rnfa protein was shown to span the chromatophore membrane with its odd-numbered hydrophilic ...19979154934
the na+/e- stoichiometry of the na+-motive nadh:quinone oxidoreductase in vibrio alginolyticus.a method is proposed to estimate the stoichiometries of primary na+-pumps in intact bacterial cells. it is based on technique when the h+/e- stoichiometry is measured in the presence of protophorous uncoupler and in the absence of penetrating ions other than h+. under these conditions, the h+ influx discharges membrane potential generated by the na+ pump so the na+/e- and h+/e- ratios become equal. using this approach it is shown that the na+/e- ratio for the na+-motive nadh:quinone oxidoreducta ...19979224712
putative channel components for the fast-rotating sodium-driven flagellar motor of a marine bacterium.the polar flagellum of vibrio alginolyticus rotates remarkably fast (up to 1,700 revolutions per second) by using a motor driven by sodium ions. two genes, motx and moty, for the sodium-driven flagellar motor have been identified in marine bacteria, vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. alginolyticus. they have no similarity to the genes for proton-driven motors, mota and motb, whose products constitute a proton channel. motx was proposed to be a component of a sodium channel. here we identified additi ...19979260952
effects of extracellular products of vibrio alginolyticus on penaeid prawn plasma components.the effects of both crude extracellular products (ecp) and a partially purified protease of vibrio alginolyticus on the plasma components of kuruma prawn (penaeus japonicus) and tiger prawn (p. monodon) were studied using crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie). a component of the plasma, tentatively identified as coagulogen, apparently disappeared after incubation with the ecp, while the amount of a component tentatively identified as haemocyanin decreased. the coagulogen and an unknown component ( ...19979281857
h+-pumping atpase has little stimulatory effect on in vitro translocation of a model protein into vibrio alginolyticus inside-out membrane vesicles.we studied the effect of a h+ electrochemical potential generated by f1f0 atpase on in vitro translocation of a model protein into vibrio alginolyticus inside-out membrane vesicles. the f1f0 atpase of v. alginolyticus catalyzed the pumping of h+ coupled to atp hydrolysis as measured in fluorescence quenching experiments. consequently, this enzyme leads to the generation of a h+ electrochemical potential. the h+ electrochemical potential generated by f1f0 atpase was completely abolished by 30 mic ...19979339889
cloning of a vibrio alginolyticus rpon gene that is required for polar flagellar formation.a fragment of dna was cloned which complemented a polar flagellum-defective (pof) mutation of vibrio alginolyticus. the fragment contained two complete and two partial open reading frames (orfs) (orf2 and -3 and orf1 and -4, respectively). the presumed product of orf2 has an amino acid sequence with a high degree of similarity to that of rpon, which is an alternative sigma factor (sigma54) for other microorganisms. the other orfs are also homologous to the genes adjacent to other rpon genes. del ...19979352939
generation of reactive oxygen species by raphidophycean phytoplankton.chattonella marina, a raphidophycean flagellate, is one of the most toxic red tide phytoplankton and causes severe damage to fish farming. recent studies demonstrated that chattonella sp. generates superoxide (o2-), hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), and hydroxyl radicals (.oh), which may be responsible for the toxicity of c. marina. in this study, we found the other raphidophycean flagellates such as heterosigma akashiwo, olisthodiscus luteus, and fibrocapsa japonica also produce o2- and h2o2 under norm ...19979362113
the na+-translocating nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase from vibrio alginolyticus--redox states of the fad prosthetic group and mechanism of ag+ inhibition.the fad prosthetic group of the na+-motive nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (na+-nqr) from vibrio alginolyticus was investigated by ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. the reduction of na+-nqr by excess nadh in the presence of 6-13 microm o2 resulted in the formation of the blue flavosemiquinone radical. if the concentration of dioxygen was further reduced to 0.1 microm o2, neither the reduction of na+-nqr by nadh nor its reoxidation with ubiquinone-1 (q-1) yielded a stable flavosem ...19979395325
evaluation of vitek gni+ and becton dickinson microbiology systems crystal e/nf identification systems for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative, glucose-fermenting and non-glucose-fermenting bacilli.we evaluated the vitek gni+ and becton dickinson crystal e/nf identification systems for their ability to accurately identify 619 and 626 strains, respectively, of members of the family enterobacteriaceae and other glucose-fermenting and non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative rods. all strains tested were taken from a stock collection and passed three times on 5% sheep blood agar prior to testing. these strains represented a more rigorous challenge to both systems than one resulting from the testi ...19979399532
[bacterial diversity during the cholera epidemic in dakar, senegal (1995-1996)].vibrio cholerae o:1, serotype ogawa and biotype el tor (76.1%) was responsible of the outbreak of cholera in dakar, senegal (1995-1996). however, other bacteria were isolated, particularly vibrio cholerae non o:1/non o:139, vibrio fluvialis, vibrio alginolyticus. vibrio parahaemolyticus, salmonella sp.p, shigella sp.p (23.9%). the vibrio cholerae o:1 strains are multiresistant to sulfonamide, cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol. 97% were also resistant to o/129 compound. fluoroquinolone and 3rd ge ...19979410248
tcpp protein is a positive regulator of virulence gene expression in vibrio cholerae.the production of several virulence factors in vibrio cholerae o1, including cholera toxin and the pilus colonization factor tcp (toxin-coregulated pilus), is strongly influenced by environmental conditions. to specifically identify membrane proteins involved in these signal transduction events, we examined a transposon library of v. cholerae generated by tnbla mutagenesis for cells that produce tcp when grown under various nonpermissive conditions. to select for tcp-producing cells we used the ...19989435261
the fatty acid composition of a vibrio alginolyticus associated with the alga cladophora coelothrix. identification of the novel 9-methyl-10-hexadecenoic acid.the fatty acid composition of a new strain of vibrio alginolyticus, found in the alga cladophora coelothrix, was studied. among 38 different fatty acids, a new fatty acid, 9-methyl-10-hexadecenoic acid and the unusual 11-methyl-12-octadecenoic acid, were identified. linear alkylbenzene fatty acids, such as 10-phenyldecanoic acid, 12-phenyldodecanoic acid and 14-phenyltetradecanoic acid, were also found in v. alginolyticus. the alga contained 43% saturated fatty acids, and 28% c16-c20 polyunsatur ...19979438237
structure and function of the genes involved in mannitol, arabitol and glucitol utilization from pseudomonas fluorescens dsm50106.a dna fragment from pseudomonas fluorescens dsm50106 containing the genes for the uptake and utilization of mannitol, arabitol and glucitol was cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. seven open reading frames (mtlefgkdyz) were identified on the 10031 bp fragment. the deduced amino acid sequences of the first four open reading frames (mtlefgk) revealed significant similarity to the components of the maltose transport system in e. coli and salmonella typhimurium. the gene mtld encoding a polyol ...19989461423
cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gyrb gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus and its application in detection of this pathogen in shrimp.because biochemical testing and 16s rrna sequence analysis have proven inadequate for the differentiation of vibrio parahaemolyticus from closely related species, we employed the gyrase b gene (gyrb) as a molecular diagnostic probe. the gyrb genes of v. parahaemolyticus and closely related vibrio alginolyticus were cloned and sequenced. oligonucleotide pcr primers were designed for the amplification of a 285-bp fragment from within gyrb specific for v. parahaemolyticus. these primers recognized ...19989464408
attachment of vibrio alginolyticus to glass surfaces is dependent on swimming speed.the attachment of vibrio alginolyticus to glass surfaces was investigated with special reference to the swimming speed due to the polar flagellum. this bacterium has two types of flagella, i.e., one polar flagellum and numerous lateral flagella. the mutant ym4, which possesses only the polar flagellum, showed much faster attachment than the mutant ym18, which does not possess flagella, indicating that the polar flagellum plays an important role. the attachment of ym4 was dependent on na+ concent ...19989473049
identification of six subunits constituting na+-translocating nadh-quinone reductase from the marine vibrio alginolyticus.we previously reported that the purified na+-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr) from the marine vibrio alginolyticus is composed of three major subunits, alpha, beta and gamma. nqr operon was sequenced and was found to be composed of 6 structural genes. among these genes, nqr1, nqr3 and nqr6 were identified to code for alpha-, gamma- and beta-subunits, respectively. the protein products from nqr2, nqr4 and nqr5, however, were not reported. the sequence data predicted that these three pro ...19989490015
overexpression in escherichia coli of the rnf genes from rhodobacter capsulatus--characterization of two membrane-bound iron-sulfur proteins.the rnf genes of rhodobacter capsulatus, essential for nitrogen fixation, are thought to encode a system for electron transport to nitrogenase. in the present study, we have attempted to overexpress the rnf genes in escherichia coli to investigate the molecular properties of the corresponding proteins. corrections were made to the published dna sequence of the rnf operon, resulting in the identification of two genes, rnfg and rnfh. the rnfabcdgeh operon thus comprises seven genes and shows simil ...19989492268
polarizing response of human polymorphonuclear cells to vibrio cholerae.leucocytes have the capacity to respond to chemotactic factors by becoming morphologically and functionally polarized and this method has been found to be suitable for measurement of chemotaxis. this work evaluates the effect of whole vibrio cholerae biotype el tor polarization of human polymorphonuclear (pmn) cells in comparison with strains of v. cholerae nag, vibrio alginolyticus and salmonella typhi. v. cholerae o1 induced, at different cell/bacteria ratios, a significant increase in the per ...19979503599
topological study of vibrio alginolyticus nhab na+/h+ antiporter using gene fusions in escherichia coli cells.nhab, an na+/h+ antiporter, of vibrio alginolyticus is a 528-amino-acid protein. hydropathy profile-based computer analysis predicted that the nhab might contain up to 13 membrane-spanning domains. to examine this hypothesis, we applied the phoa fusion method to the cloned nhab gene. eighteen plasmid-borne nhab-phoa fusion genes were constructed in escherichia coli cells and the alkaline phosphatase activity and expression level of the fusion proteins analyzed. these results and the results obta ...19989518558
experimental vibriosis induction with vibrio alginolyticus of larvae of the catarina scallop (argopecten ventricosus =circularis) (sowerby ii, 1842) 19989541555
chemotaxis of pathogenic vibrio strains towards mucus surfaces of gilt-head sea bream (sparus aurata l.).vibrio anguillarum and vibrio alginolyticus exhibited significant adhesion to and chemotactic abilities towards mucus collected from the skin, gills, and intestine of gilt-head sea bream. quadratic polynomial models for chemotaxis designed to estimate the influence of temperature demonstrated a differential bacterial chemotaxis depending of the source of the mucus, with the chemotaxis towards intestinal mucus being the least influenced.19989575135
flagellin-containing membrane vesicles excreted from vibrio alginolyticus mutants lacking a polar-flagellar filament.polar flagellum-defective mutants (pof- laf-) have been isolated from a lateral flagella-defective mutant (pof+ laf-). among these pof- laf- mutants, polar-filamentless mutants, which have the hook structure but not the filament, were identified by electron microscopy. their hooks were covered with a sheath structure which is contiguous to the outer membrane. the filament proteins, flagellins, were shed into the culture medium of these mutants. these flagellins could be sedimented by high-speed ...19989604007
ktrab, a new type of bacterial k(+)-uptake system from vibrio alginolyticus.vibrio alginolyticus contained two adjacent genes, ktra and ktrb, which encode a new type of bacterial k(+)-uptake system. ktra and ktrb are peripheral and integral membrane proteins, respectively. six of the nine sequenced bacterial genomes contain homologs to both ktra and ktrb, suggesting that ktrab is widespread.19989642210
cloning of the trkah gene cluster and characterization of the trk k(+)-uptake system of vibrio alginolyticus.k(+)-uptake genes of vibrio alginolyticus were identified by cloning chromosomal dna fragments of this organism into plasmids, followed by electroporation and selection for growth at low k+ concentrations of cells of an escherichia coli strain defective in k+ uptake. a 4.1 kb dna fragment contained a cluster of three orfs on the same dna strand: the previously identified trka gene, a gene similar to e. coli trkh (v. alginolyticus trkh) and a new gene, orf1, whose function is not clear. products ...19989720051
cloning and expression of the seca gene of a marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, and analysis of its function in escherichia coli.we report the cloning, sequencing and functional characterization of the seca gene of a marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, which has been suggested to utilize atp and the sodium motive force for protein translocation. oligodeoxynucleotides corresponding to highly conserved regions of escherichia coli seca located in the high affinity atp binding site were utilized as pcr primers to clone the seca gene of v. alginolyticus. it was shown to encode a 103.3-kda protein. the deduced amino acid se ...19989729436
necrotizing fasciitis due to vibrio alginolyticus following an injury inflicted by a stingray.we describe the case of a patient with necrotizing fasciitis due to vibrio alginolyticus in a patient with cirrhosis following an injury inflicted by a stingray. the patient was successfully treated with aggressive surgical debridement and a combination of ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanate. cases of invasive v. alginolyticus reported in the literature were reviewed.19989730311
investigation of the 1994-5 ukrainian vibrio cholerae epidemic using molecular methods.thirty-seven vibrio cholerae and four non-cholera vibrio isolates from ukraine, including strains from the epidemic of 1994-5, were analysed by molecular methods. results from pfge and ribotyping indicated that all ukrainian toxigenic v. cholerae were closely related to each other and to an isolate from a patient from pakistan. a non-toxigenic river water strain obtained during the height of the epidemic was more distantly related to these v. cholerae strains, while the vibrio parahaemolyticus i ...19989747752
molecular cloning and functional characterization of sece of a marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus.sece is an essential membrane component of the escherichia coli protein translocation machinery, which utilizes atp and the proton motive force as energy sources. the sece homologue of marine vibrio alginolyticus, in which protein translocation requires atp and the sodium motive force, was cloned, sequenced, and characterized. unlike most sece homologues found in various organisms, sece of v. alginolyticus (va-sece) possesses three transmembrane sequences like e. coli sece (ec-sece) and compleme ...19989791006
pathogenicity of vibrio alginolyticus for cultured gilt-head sea bream (sparus aurata l.).the in vivo and in vitro pathogenic activities of whole cells and extracellular products of vibrio alginolyticus for cultured gilt-head sea bream were evaluated. the 50% lethal doses ranged from 5.4 x 10(4) to 1.0 x 10(6) cfu/g of body weight. the strains examined had the ability to adhere to skin, gill, and intestinal mucus of sea bream and to cultured cells of a chinook salmon embryo cell line. in addition, the in vitro ability of v. alginolyticus to adhere to mucus and skin cells of sea bream ...19989797276
survival of vibrio cholerae 01 strains in shrimp subjected to freezing and boiling.this research was undertaken to assess the resistance of vibrio cholerae 01 strains inoculated into white shrimp, penaeus schimitti, to heating and freezing treatments. shrimp samples with and without carapace were obtained from sao luis, brazil. microbial analysis revealed the presence of marine vibrios including vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and other vibrios and aerobic gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria that grew on selective medium, thiosulfate-citrate-bile salt-sucro ...19989798148
neurotoxic effect on two fish species and a pc12 cell line of the supernate of vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio anguillarum.the biological effects of supernates obtained from different strains of vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio anguillarum isolated from diseased fish have been studied by inoculation on two fish species, eel and rainbow trout, and two fish cell lines. these supernates possess neuroexcitatory properties, and so, when they are injected into both fish species, they trigger convulsions, wriggling, contortive swimming and respiratory arrest coupled with increased respiratory reflex. furthermore, after the ...19989810622
mechanosensitive channel functions to alleviate the cell lysis of marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, by osmotic downshock.the mechanosensitive channel with large conductance of escherichia coli is the first to be cloned among stretch-activated channels. although its activity was characterized by a patch clamp method, a physiological role of the channel has not been proved. the marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, is sensitive to osmotic stress and cell lysis occurs under osmotic downshock. we introduced an mscl gene into vibrio alginolyticus, and the mechanosensitive channel with large conductance functions was ...199910050752
the polar flagellar motor of vibrio cholerae is driven by an na+ motive force.vibrio cholerae is a highly motile bacterium which possesses a single polar flagellum as a locomotion organelle. motility is thought to be an important factor for the virulence of v. cholerae. the genome sequencing project of this organism is in progress, and the genes that are highly homologous to the essential genes of the na+-driven polar flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus were found in the genome database of v. cholerae. the energy source of its flagellar motor was investigated. we exam ...199910074090
identification of vibrio parahaemolyticus strains at the species level by pcr targeted to the toxr gene.the dna colony hybridization test with the polynucleotide probe for vibrio parahaemolyticus toxr gene was performed. all 373 strains of v. parahaemolyticus gave positive results, and the strains belonging to four other vibrio species including vibrio alginolyticus gave weakly positive results, suggesting that toxr sequence variation may reflect the phylogenetic relationships of vibrio species. we then established a toxr-targeted pcr protocol for the specific detection of v. parahaemolyticus.199910074546
effects of changes in membrane sodium flux on virulence gene expression in vibrio cholerae.the expression of several virulence factors of vibrio cholerae is coordinately regulated by the toxt molecule and the membrane proteins tcpp/h and toxr/s, which are required for toxt transcription. to identify proteins that negatively affect toxt transcription, we screened transposon mutants of v. cholerae carrying a chromosomally integrated toxt::lacz reporter construct for darker blue colonies on media containing 5-bromo-4-chlor-3-indolyl beta-d galactoside (x-gal). two mutants had transposon ...199910077658
prevention of marine biofouling using a conductive paint electrodeconductive paint electrode was used for marine biofouling on fishing nets by electrochemical disinfection. when a potential of 1.2 v vs. a saturated calomel electrode (sce) was applied to the conductive paint electrode, vibrio alginolyticus cells attached on the electrode were completely killed. by applying a negative potential, the attached cells were removed from the surface of the electrode. changes in ph and chlorine concentration were not observed at potentials in the range -0.6 approximate ...199810099349
suppression by the dna fragment of the motx promoter region on long flagellar mutants of vibrio alginolyticus.the axial length of the polar flagellum (pof) of vibrio alginolyticus is about 5 microm. we previously isolated mutants that make abnormally long flagella. the swarm sizes of these mutants in a soft agar plate are smaller than that of a wild-type strain. we cloned a dna fragment into the pmf209 plasmid that restored the swarming ability of the long-pof strain v10578. the swimming speed and flagellar length of these transformants were almost equal to the wild-type values. the amounts of pf47 flag ...199910100745
camp-mediated catabolite repression and electrochemical potential-dependent production of an extracellular amylase in vibrio alginolyticus.vibrio alginolyticus, a halophilic marine bacterium, produced an extracellular amylase with a molecular mass of approximately 56,000, and the amylase appeared to be subject to catabolite repression mediated by camp. the production of amylase at ph 6.5, at which the respiratory chain-linked h+ pump functions, was inhibited about 75% at 24 hours following the addition of 2 microm carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (cccp), while the production at ph 8.5, at which the respiratory chain-linked ...199910192907
the presumed potassium carrier trk2p in saccharomyces cerevisiae determines an h+-dependent, k+-independent current.ionic currents related to the major potassium uptake systems in saccharomyces cerevisiae were examined by whole cell patch-clamping, under k+ replete conditions. those currents have the following properties. they (1) are inward under all conditions investigated, (2) arise instantaneously with appropriate voltage steps, (3) depend solely upon the moderate affinity transporter trk2p, not upon the high affinity transporter trk1p. they (4) appear to be independent of the extracellular k+ concentrati ...199910218594
differentiation of vibrio alginolyticus strains isolated from sardinian waters by ribotyping and a new rapid pcr fingerprinting method.we investigated the usefulness of a novel pcr fingerprinting technique, based on the specific amplification of genomic regions, to differentiate 30 vibrio alginolyticus strains isolated in sardinian waters. the different profiles obtained were scanned and analyzed by a computer program in order to determine genetic relationships. the results were then compared with the patterns obtained by ribotyping with hindiii, kpni, and xbai restriction enzymes. pcr fingerprinting could differentiate the str ...199910223972
korormicin, an antibiotic specific for gram-negative marine bacteria, strongly inhibits the respiratory chain-linked na+-translocating nadh: quinone reductase from the marine vibrio alginolyticus. 199910344574
vibrios associated with litopenaeus vannamei larvae, postlarvae, broodstock, and hatchery probionts.several bacteriological surveys were performed from 1994 to 1996 at different litopenaeus vannamei hatcheries (in ecuador) and shrimp farms (in mexico). samples were taken from routine productions of healthy and diseased l. vannamei larvae, postlarvae, and their culture environment and from healthy and diseased juveniles and broodstock. in ecuador, the dominant bacterial flora associated with shrimp larvae showing symptoms of zoea 2 syndrome, mysis mold syndrome, and bolitas syndrome has been de ...199910347048
occurrence, diversity, and pathogenicity of halophilic vibrio spp. and non-o1 vibrio cholerae from estuarine waters along the italian adriatic coast.the occurrence, diversity, and pathogenicity of vibrio spp. were investigated in two estuaries along the italian adriatic coast. vibrio alginolyticus was the predominant species, followed by vibrio parahaemolyticus, non-o1 vibrio cholerae, and vibrio vulnificus. by using a biochemical fingerprinting method, all isolates were grouped into nine phenotypes with similarity levels of 75 to 97.5%. the production of toxins capable of causing cytoskeleton-dependent changes was detected in a large number ...199910347072
comparison of the heme iron utilization systems of pathogenic vibrios.vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio fluvialis, and vibrio parahaemolyticus utilized heme and hemoglobin as iron sources and contained chromosomal dna similar to several vibrio cholerae heme iron utilization genes. a v. parahaemolyticus gene that performed the function of v. cholerae huta was isolated. a portion of the tonb1 locus of v. parahaemolyticus was sequenced and found to encode proteins similar in amino acid sequence to v. cholerae hutw, tonb1, and exbb1. a recombinant plasmid containing the v. ...199910348876
change to alanine of one out of four selectivity filter glycines in ktrb causes a two orders of magnitude decrease in the affinities for both k+ and na+ of the na+ dependent k+ uptake system ktrab from vibrio alginolyticus.ktrab from vibrio alginolyticus is a recently described new type of high affinity bacterial k+ uptake system. its activity assayed in an escherichia coli k+ uptake negative mutant depended on na+ ions (km of 40 microm). subunit ktrb contains four putative p-loops. the selectivity filter from each p-loop contains a conserved glycine residue. residue gly-290 from the third p-loop selectivity filter in ktrb was exchanged for ala, ser or asp. ktrb variants ser-290 and asp-290 were without activity. ...199910359077
cloning, sequencing, expression and characterization of the manganese superoxide dismutase gene from vibrio alginolyticus.the soda gene coding for manganese superoxide dismutase from the marine microorganism vibrio alginolyticus was cloned, sequenced and over-expressed in escherichia coli using the pet20b (+) expression vector. the full-length gene was consisted of 603bp open reading frame, which encoded a polypeptide of 201 amino acid residues, with a calculated molecular weight of 22672da. the deduced amino acid sequence of the soda showed considerable homology to other mn-sods. the recombinant enzyme was efficie ...199910365251
an evaluation of chromogenic substrates for characterization of serine protease produced by pathogenic vibrio alginolyticus.four chromogenic substrates for characterizing serine protease of vibrio alginolyticus were evaluated. the protease activity of bacterial extracellular products, or the fractions of 33 kd protease purified by the akta purifier system with various columns, was completely inhibited by ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, ethylene glycol-bis(beta-amino-ethyl ether) n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid (egta), antipain and phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride (pmsf) using water-soluble substrates (azoalbumin and azoc ...199910413876
functional interaction between poma and pomb, the na(+)-driven flagellar motor components of vibrio alginolyticus.four proteins, poma, pomb, motx, and moty, appear to be involved in force generation of the sodium-driven polar flagella of vibrio alginolyticus. among these, poma and pomb seem to be associated and to form a sodium channel. by using antipeptide antibodies against poma or pomb, we carried out immunoprecipitation to verify whether these proteins form a complex and examined the in vivo stabilities of poma and pomb. as a result, we could demonstrate that poma and pomb functionally interact with eac ...199910438787
random mutagenesis of the poma gene encoding a putative channel component of the na(+)-driven polar flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus.poma and pomb are integral membrane proteins and are essential for the rotation of the na(+)-driven polar flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus. on the basis of their similarity to mota and motb, which are the proton-conducting components of the h(+)-driven motor, they are thought to form the na(+)-channel complex and to be essential for mechanochemical coupling in the motor. to investigate poma function, random mutagenesis of the poma gene by using hydroxylamine was carried out. we isolated 3 ...199910439415
active immunisation of black tiger prawn (penaeus monodon) against vibriosis in thailand.mechanisms of host defence in crustaceae and vibriosis in shrimp and methods for its prevention are discussed as introduction. the own work deals with the development of a site-specific multivalent anti-vibrio vaccine and its application in thailand. the vaccine was produced in a continuous bioreactor system from field strains of vibrio alginolyticus, v. harveyi, v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus, purified through ultrafiltration, and inactivated by formalin. it was applied to penaeus monodo ...199910486986
on the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol.secoiridoides (oleuropein and derivatives), one of the major classes of polyphenol contained in olives and olive oil, have recently been shown to inhibit or delay the rate of growth of a range of bacteria and microfungi but there are no data in the literature concerning the possible employment of these secoiridoides as antimicrobial agents against pathogenic bacteria in man. in this study five atcc standard bacterial strains (haemophilus influenzae atcc 9006, moraxella catarrhalis atcc 8176, sal ...199910504039
hybrid motor with h(+)- and na(+)-driven components can rotate vibrio polar flagella by using sodium ions.the bacterial flagellar motor is a molecular machine that converts ion flux across the membrane into flagellar rotation. the coupling ion is either a proton or a sodium ion. the polar flagellar motor of the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus is driven by sodium ions, and the four protein components, poma, pomb, motx, and moty, are essential for motor function. among them, poma and pomb are similar to mota and motb of the proton-driven motors, respectively. poma shows greatest similarity to mo ...199910515922
evolutionary changes reflected by the cellular amino acid composition.comparison of the amino acid composition of cell-proteins using 17 amino acids has been used to investigate the biological evolution of organisms such as bacteria, blue-green alga, green alga, fungi, slime mold, protozoa and vertebrates. the degree of difference in the amino acid ratios between any two groups reflects the degree of divergency in biological evolution. the amino acid composition of the gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli, klebsiella, proteus, and vibrio alginolyticus) was ide ...199910524278
the effect of motility and cell-surface polymers on bacterial attachment.recently it was shown that motility of vibrio alginolyticus facilitated cell attachment to glass surfaces. in the present study the same relationship between motility and cell attachment was confirmed for alcaligenes and alteromonas spp. these findings clearly answer a long-standing question: does motility facilitate attachment? however, they are contradictory to a general view on cell attachment that the energy barrier due to electrostatic repulsion between negatively charged bacterial cells an ...199910537201
inhibitor studies of a new antibiotic, korormicin, 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide and ag+ toward the na+-translocating nadh-quinone reductase from the marine vibrio alginolyticus.a new antibiotic, korormicin, isolated from a marine bacterium pseudoalteromonas sp. f-420, was found to strongly inhibit the respiratory chain-linked na+-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr) from the marine vibrio alginolyticus. similar to 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide (hqno), korormicin specifically inhibited the na+-dependent reaction in the nqr complex that is directly coupled to the extrusion of na+ from the cells. both korormicin and hqno acted as purely noncompetitive inhibi ...199910549856
sequencing and preliminary characterization of the na+-translocating nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase from vibrio harveyi.the na(+)-translocating nadh: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (na(+)-nqr) generates an electrochemical na(+) potential driven by aerobic respiration. previous studies on the enzyme from vibrio alginolyticus have shown that the na(+)-nqr has six subunits, and it is known to contain fad and an fes center as redox cofactors. in the current work, the enzyme from the marine bacterium vibrio harveyi has been purified and characterized. in addition to fad, a second flavin, tentatively identified as fmn, was ...199910587447
chronic diarrhea associated with vibrio alginolyticus in an immunocompromised patient. 199910589925
survey on the distribution of vibrionaceae at the seaport areas in taiwan, 1991-1994.a monthly survey on the distribution of human-pathogenic vibrionaceae of the seawater from five principal harbors in taiwan was conducted by national quarantine service from july, 1991 to february, 1994. of the total 1,167 vibrionaceae isolates, strains of vibrio alginolyticus (449 strains) were the most frequently isolated, followed by vibrio parahaemolyticus (262) , aeromonas hydrophila (153), vibrio cholerae non-o1 (86), and vibrio vulnificus (67). none of vibrio cholerae o1 was isolated. the ...199610592802
purification and partial characterization of a toxic serine protease produced by pathogenic vibrio alginolyticus.an extracellular lethal toxin produced by vibrio alginolyticus strain swy originally isolated from diseased kuruma prawn (penaeus japonicus) was purified using the akta purifier system with hydrophobic interaction chromatography, anion exchange and gel filtration columns. the toxin is an alkaline serine protease, inhibited by phenyl methylsulphonyl fluoride (pmsf), antipain and shows maximal activity at ph 8 to 11, having a pi of 4.3 and a molecular weight of approximately 33 kd. the toxin was c ...199910624008
cysteine-scanning mutagenesis of the periplasmic loop regions of poma, a putative channel component of the sodium-driven flagellar motor in vibrio alginolyticus.the sodium-driven motor consists of the products of at least four genes, poma, pomb, motx, and moty, in vibrio alginolyticus. poma and pomb, which are homologous to the mota and motb components of proton-driven motors, have four transmembrane segments and one transmembrane segment, respectively, and are thought to form an ion channel. in poma, two periplasmic loops were predicted at positions 21 to 36 between membrane segments 1 and 2 (loop(1-2)) and at positions 167 to 180 between membrane segm ...200010648526
[bioenergetics of marine bacteria--respiration-coupled na+ pump].marine bacteria are unique in the requirement for na+ for optimal growth. using a marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus, it was confirmed that na+ is essential for the active uptake of all amino acids. furthermore, the respiratory chain of v. alginolyticus was found to require na+ for the maximum activity. the site of na(+)-dependent activation is localized in the nadh-quinone reductase segment, where na+ is extruded from the cells as a direct result of redox reaction. thus, marine bacteria are ...200010655779
functional reconstitution of the na(+)-driven polar flagellar motor component of vibrio alginolyticus.the bacterial flagellar motor is a molecular machine that couples the influx of specific ions to the generation of the force necessary to drive rotation of the flagellar filament. four integral membrane proteins, poma, pomb, motx, and moty, have been suggested to be directly involved in torque generation of the na(+)-driven polar flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus. in the present study, we report the isolation of the functional component of the torque-generating unit. the purified protein c ...200010681557
characterization of a flagellar sheath component, pf60, and its structural gene in marine vibrio.the polar flagella (pof) of vibrio alginolyticus are surrounded by a membrane structure called a sheath. five major proteins, whose molecular masses are 60, 47, 45, 44, and 18 kda (named pf60, pf47, pf45, pf44, and pf18, respectively), have been detected in polar flagella. pf47 and pf45 have been identified as flagellins while the other proteins are thought to be sheath-associated ones. in this study, we isolated and partially characterized a major sheath protein, pf60. we found that pf60 can be ...200010731663
lethal attribute of serine protease secreted by vibrio alginolyticus strains in kuruma prawn penaeus japonicus.toxicity of the extracellular products (ecp) and the lethal attribute of serine protease secreted by five pathogenic vibrio alginolyticus strains from various sources in kuruma prawn penaeus japonicus were studied. the ecps of organisms originally isolated from diseased kuruma prawn or small abalone haliotis diversicolor supertexta were more lethal (ld50 value of 0.48 or 0.41 microg protein/g prawn) than those from diseased tiger prawn p. monodon, yellowfin porgy acanthopagrus latus or horse mac ...200010739107
distribution of vibrio cholerae virulence genes among different vibrio species isolated in sardinia, italy.the members of the genus vibrio include harmless aquatic strains as well as strains capable of causing epidemics of cholera. diarrhoea caused by vibrio cholerae is attributed to cholerae enterotoxin (ct) codified by the ctx operon and regulated by a number of virulence genes such as toxt, toxr and toxs. fifty-two vibrio strains were isolated from different aquatic environments in and around sardinia and searched by pcr for the presence of ctxa, zot, ace, toxr, toxs, toxt, tcpa and vpi virulence ...200010747228
epidermal lesions and mortality caused by vibriosis in deep-sea bahamian echinoids: a laboratory study.when significant mortality of the bathyal spatangoid echinoid paleopneustes cristatus occurred under laboratory conditions, we investigated the cause and course of the disease by culturing and identifying internal pathogens, then experimentally infecting healthy urchins with isolates of the suspected disease organism. the pathogen was determined to be the gram-negative halophilic bacterium vibrio alginolyticus. this species was also recovered from frozen post-challenge specimens of p. cristatus ...200010768287
detection of the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase in marine bacteria using a pcr technique.to examine the distribution of the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (na(+)-nqr) among marine bacteria, we developed a simple screening method for the detection of this enzyme. by reference to the homologous sequences of the na(+)-nqr operons from vibrio alginolyticus and haemophilus influenzae, a pair of primers was designed for amplification of a part of the sixth orf (nqr6) of the na(+)-nqr operon. when pcr was performed using genomic dna from 13 marine bacteria, a 0.9-kbp fragment c ...200010779868
nhaa, an na(+)/h(+) antiporter involved in environmental survival of vibrio cholerae.vibrio cholerae, the agent of cholera, is a normal inhabitant of aquatic environments, in which it survives under a wide range of conditions of ph and salinity. in this work, we identified the nhaa gene in a wild-type epidemic strain of v. cholerae o1. nhaa encodes a protein of 382 amino acids that is very similar to the proteins nhaa of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio alginolyticus ( approximately 87% identity), and escherichia coli (56% identity). v. cholerae nhaa complements an e. coli nhaa m ...200010781565
multimeric structure of poma, a component of the na+-driven polar flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus.four integral membrane proteins, poma, pomb, motx, and moty, are thought to be directly involved in torque generation of the na(+)-driven polar flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus. our previous study showed that poma and pomb form a complex, which catalyzes sodium influx in response to a potassium diffusion potential. poma forms a stable dimer when expressed in a pomb null mutant. to explore the possible functional dependence of poma domains in adjacent subunits, we prepared a series of poma ...200010783392
a slow-motility phenotype caused by substitutions at residue asp31 in the poma channel component of a sodium-driven flagellar motor.poma is thought to be a component of the ion channel in the sodium-driven polar-flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus. we have found that some cysteine substitutions in the periplasmic region of poma result in a slow-motility phenotype, in which swarming and swimming speeds are reduced even in the presence of high concentrations of nacl. most of the mutants showed a sodium ion dependence similar to that of the wild type but with significantly reduced motility at all sodium ion concentrations. ...200010809720
covalently bound flavin in the nqrb and nqrc subunits of na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase from vibrio alginolyticus.na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr) from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus is composed of six subunits (nqra to nqrf). on sds-page of the purified complex, nqrb and nqrc subunits were found to give yellow-green fluorescent bands under uv illumination. both the nqrb and nqrc, electroeluted from the gel, had an absorption maximum at 448 nm, and the fluorescence excitation maxima at 365 and 448 nm and the emission maximum at 514 nm. the electroeluted nqrb and nqrc, respectively ...200010838078
an unusual source of vibrio alginolyticus-associated otitis: prolonged colonization or freshwater exposure?otitis externa and otitis media are commonly encountered in clinical practice. we report an unusual case of otitis externa, which was caused by vibrio alginolyticus, several months after saltwater exposure. clinicians need to be aware of this unusual pathogen, especially in refractory cases of ear infections.200010864119
coupling ion specificity of chimeras between h(+)- and na(+)-driven motor proteins, motb and pomb, in vibrio polar flagella.we have shown that a hybrid motor consisting of proton-type rhodobacter sphaeroides mota and sodium-type vibrio: alginolyticus pomb, motx and moty, can work as a sodium-driven motor in vibrio: cells. in this study, we tried to substitute the b subunits, which contain a putative ion-binding site in the transmembrane region. rhodobacter sphaeroides motb did not work with either mota or poma in vibrio cells. therefore, we constructed chimeric proteins (momb), which had n-terminal motb and c-termina ...200010899118
intermolecular cross-linking between the periplasmic loop3-4 regions of poma, a component of the na+-driven flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus.poma and pomb form a complex that conducts sodium ions and generates the torque for the na(+)-driven polar flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus. poma has four transmembrane segments. one periplasmic loop (loop(1-2)) connects segments 1 and 2, and another (loop(3-4)), in which cysteine-scanning mutagenesis had been carried out, connects segments 3 and 4. when poma with an introduced cys residue (cys-poma) in the c-terminal periplasmic loop (loop(3-4)) was examined without exposure to a reducin ...200010900193
hepatopancreatic alterations in litopenaeus vannamei (boone, 1939) (crustacea: decapoda: penaeidae) experimentally infected with a vibrio alginolyticus strain.as in other countries, the presence of disease has affected and limited the development of shrimp culture in venezuela. vibriosis is one of the most prevalent, causing high mortality not only in larval cultures but also in shrimp production. the present work shows the histological changes in hepatopancreas of litopenaeus vannamei experimentally induced by a strain of vibrio alginolyticus. the shrimps were infected by the immersion technique, being exposed to a concentration of 5.2 x 10(7) bacter ...200010963396
isolation of vibrio alginolyticus from seawater aquaria.the seawater bacterium vibrio alginolyticus was detected in 5 of 20 water samples from seawater aquaria (from 3 of 5 units) and also from the surface of diseased stony corals. a total of 45 isolates were differentiated biochemically, of which 13 isolates (29%) proved to be v. alginolyticus. all those strains produced the virulence factors caseinase and lipase, 11 strains amylase and gelatinase. 7 strains showed lecithinase activity and 2 strains produced hemolysins. all examined strains showed a ...200011109571
metal content and biochemical analyses of a recombinant collagenase prtv from vibrio parahaemolyticus.prtv is an extracellular metalloprotease of vibrio parahaemolyticus and regarded as a collagenase. inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry analysis indicated that the recombinant prtv contains 1 mol of zinc per mol of the native enzyme. on the basis of a kinetic study using 2-furanacryloyl-leu-gly-pro-ala (falgpa, the specific substrate for bacterial collagenase) as a substrate, it was suggested that metal ions may play a significant role in the binding and catalytic steps of th ...200011128063
fmn is covalently attached to a threonine residue in the nqrb and nqrc subunits of na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase from vibrio alginolyticus.the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr) from vibrio alginolyticus is composed of six subunits (nqra to nqrf). we previously demonstrated that both nqrb and nqrc subunits contain a flavin cofactor covalently attached to a threonine residue. fluorescent peptide fragments derived from the nqrb and nqrc subunits were applied to a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and covalently attached flavin was identified as fmn in both subunits. from post- ...200111163785
virulence factors in vibrio alginolyticus strains isolated from aquatic environments.in a microbiological monitoring carried out in various aquatic environment of sardinia island (italy) vibrio alginolyticus with different virulence phenotypes appeared widely spread. hemolysis, hemoagglutination and protease production might be together particularly in strains isolated from polluted environments. adherence capacities to two epithelial cells (hep-2 and caco-2) available in laboratory were widely spread in the examined bacterial strains. the adhesion degree was influenced by the u ...200011235505
recent progress in the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase from the marine vibrio alginolyticus.the respiratory chain of gram-negative marine and halophilic bacteria has a na(+)-dependent nadh-quinone reductase that functions as a primary na(+) pump. the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr) from the marine vibrio alginolyticus is composed of six structural genes (nqra to nqrf). the nqrf subunit has non-covalently bound fad. there are conflicting results on the existence of other flavin cofactors. recent studies revealed that the nqrb and nqrc subunits have a covalently bound fl ...200111248187
na(+) translocation by bacterial nadh:quinone oxidoreductases: an extension to the complex-i family of primary redox pumps.the current knowledge on the na(+)-translocating nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase of the na(+)-nqr type from vibrio alginolyticus, and on na(+) transport by the electrogenic nadh:q oxidoreductases from escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae (complex i, or ndh-i) is summarized. a general mode of redox-linked na(+) transport by nadh:q oxidoreductases is proposed that is based on the electrostatic attraction of a positively charged na(+) towards a negatively charged, enzyme-bound ubisemiquinone a ...200111248188
pathogenicity of vibrio alginolyticus isolated from diseased small abalone haliotis diversicolor supertexta.outbreaks of mass mortality among cultured small abalone haliotis diversicolor supertexta with abscess/ulcers in the mantle occurred in 1998 at kao-hsiung, taiwan. a swarming bacterium, strain h-11 was isolated from the haemolymph of the moribund small abalone using tryptic soy agar supplemented with 3% nacl and/or thiosulphate citrate bile salt sucrose agar. this strain was characterized and identified as vibrio alginolyticus on the basis of various biochemical tests. the h-11 strain and its ex ...200111297013
vibrio alginolyticus acute gastroenteritis: report of two cases. 200111298156
in vitro susceptibility of vibrio spp. isolated from the environment.bacteria of the genus vibrio include harmless aquatic strains as well as strains capable of causing epidemics of cholera and human intestinal diseases. some of these species may show resistance to different antibiotics including cefotaxime, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. the susceptibility to different antibiotics was tested using 40 vibrio alginolyticus, eight v. parahaemolyticus and six v. vulnificus strains isolated in the coastal waters of northern sardinia (italy). the frequency of resis ...200111337229
structures of ribonuclease p rnas of vibrio core species.the structures of an rna component of ribonuclease p (rnase p rna) were examined for vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio carchariae, vibrio natriegens, vibrio campbellii, vibrio proteolyticus, vibrio pelagius and vibrio harveyi to clearly determine their genetic differences. the rnase p rnas ranged from 382 to 454 nucleotides (nt) in size, and were remarkably different from each other in the structure of two helices, p3 and p12. the p3 helices were comprised of tandem repeats o ...200111430405
residue aspartate-147 from the third transmembrane region of na(+)/h(+) antiporter nhab of vibrio alginolyticus plays a role in its activity.nhab is a bacterial na(+)/h(+) antiporter with unique topology. the ph dependence of nhab from vibrio alginolyticus differs from that of the escherichia coli nhab homolog. replacement of asp-147 with glu made high h(+) concentrations a requirement for the nhab activity. replacement of asp-147 with neutral amino acids inactivated nhab.200111544242
identification of bacteria crucial to histamine accumulation in pacific mackerel during storage.bacterial growth and histamine formation in pacific mackerel during storage at 0, 4, 15, and 25 degrees c were monitored. to identify bacterial species contributing to histamine formation, several groups of bacteria were isolated by using selective media under temperatures corresponding to the various storage conditions. initially, low counts of bacteria were found in the gill, skin, and intestine of fresh fish, and only weak histamine formers were found in the gill. histamine was found in the m ...200111601705
identification of the abc protein sapd as the subunit that confers atp dependence to the k+-uptake systems trk(h) and trk(g) from escherichia coli k-12.the activity of the two almost identical k+-uptake systems, trk(h) and trk(g), from escherichia coli k-12 depends completely and partially on the presence of the trke gene, respectively. trke maps inside the sapabcdf operon, which encodes an atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter of unknown function from the subgroup of peptide-uptake systems. this study was carried out to clarify the role of sapabcdf gene products in the atp dependence of the e. coli trk systems. for this purpose deltasapabcdf ...200111700350
cloning and characterization of motx, a vibrio alginolyticus sodium-driven flagellar motor gene.four motor proteins, motx, moty, poma, and pomb, have been identified as constituents of the na(+)-driven flagellum of vibrio species. in this study, the complete motx gene was cloned from vibrio alginolyticus and shown to complement three mot mutations, motx94, motx115, and motx119, as well as a v. parahaemolyticus motx mutant. the motx94 mutant contains a frameshift at val86 of motx, while the motx115 and motx119 mutations comprise substitutions of ala146 to val and gln 194 to amber, respectiv ...200111726290
difference between forward and backward swimming speeds of the single polar-flagellated bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus.the forward and backward swimming speeds and periods of a vibrio alginolyticus strain that has a single polar flagellum were measured. the backward swimming speeds were 1.5 times greater than the forward ones on average and the average period of backward swimming was shorter than forward swimming. however, the swimming speed and period were not correlated. similar results were obtained for a mutant that has a 1.6 times longer flagellum on average.200111750825
chemical defense in the egg masses of benthic invertebrates: an assessment of antibacterial activity in 39 mollusks and 4 polychaetes.many marine invertebrates deposit benthic egg masses that are potentially vulnerable to microbial infection. to help counter this threat these species may have evolved some form of chemical protection for their encapsulated embryos. in this study the egg masses from 7 marine mollusks were tested for antibacterial activity against 4 marine pathogens: enterococcus sericolicida, vibrio anguillarum, vibrio alginolyticus, and vibrio harveyi. extracts from all of these egg masses were found to inhibit ...200111812113
inactivation of the na+-translocating nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase from vibrio alginolyticus by reactive oxygen species.the na+-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na+-nqr) from vibrio alginolyticus was inactivated by reactive oxygen species. highest na+-nqr activity was observed in anaerobically prepared membranes that exhibited 1:1 coupling of nadh oxidation and q reduction activities (1.6 u x mg(-1)). optical and epr spectroscopy documented the presence of b-type cytochromes, a [2fe-2s] cluster and an organic radical signal in anaerobically prepared membranes from v. alginolyticus. it is shown that the ...200211856363
cloning and sequence analysis of a novel metalloprotease gene from vibrio parahaemolyticus 04.the metalloprotease gene (vppc) from vibrio parahaemolyticus 04 has been cloned and sequenced. the vppc gene contains an open reading frame of 2442 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 814 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 89,833 da. the predicted amino acid sequence of vppc containing a zinc metalloprotease hexxh consensus motif displays extensive homology to the collagenase from vibrio alginolyticus. the activity of the recombinant protease produced in escherichia coli was exami ...200211867235
novel substituted quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides with in vitro antimycobacterial and anticandida activity.thirty-six 6(7)-substituted-3-methyl- or 3-halogenomethyl-2-phenylthio-phenylsulphonyl-chloro-quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides belonging to series 3-6 were synthesised and submitted to a preliminary in vitro evaluation for antimycobacterial, anticandida and antibacterial activities. antitubercular screening showed a generally good activity of 3-methyl-2-phenylthioquinoxaline 1,4-dioxides (3d,e,h-j) against mycobacterium tuberculosis, and exhibited mic between 0.39 and 0.78 microg ml(-1) (rifampicin mic= ...200212008050
ilizarov technique in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by vibrio alginolyticus.we present a case of 26-year-old woman with posttraumatic chronic osteomyelitis caused by vibrio alginolyticus, contracted after contamination of a tibial fracture with seawater. the patient underwent bone resection and bifocal osteosynthesis according to ilizarov and was treated with a combination of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. the patient responded in the same way to distraction osteogenesis as any other patient with chronic osteomyelitis with large defects.200212035144
korormicin insensitivity in vibrio alginolyticus is correlated with a single point mutation of gly-140 in the nqrb subunit of the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase.na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr) from the marine vibrio alginolyticus is strongly inhibited by a new antibiotic korormicin. korormicin specifically inhibits the na(+)-dependent reaction of the nqr complex and acts as a purely non-competitive inhibitor for q-1 with the inhibitor constant of 82 pm. korormicin-resistant mutants were isolated from v. alginolyticus and the nqr complex was purified from a mutant kr2. similar to 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide (hqno), korormicin a ...200212054467
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