Publications

evidence for a fatty acid reductase catalyzing the synthesis of aldehydes for the bacterial bioluminescent reaction. resolution from luciferase and dependence on fatty acids.	the enzyme responsible for the stimulation by atp and nadph of light emission catalyzed by bacterial luciferase has been partially purified from extracts of the luminescent bacterium, photobacterium phosphoreum. the stimulatory activity was found to be stabilized by high concentrations of mercaptoethanol, permitting it to be separated from luciferase into an active and stable form and enabling further characterization of its functional properties. the activity of the enzyme was shown to be depen ...	1979	572825
bioluminescence from single bacterial cells exhibits no oscillation.	since the usual measurements of light emission from marine bacteria involve many (10(6)-10(10)) cells, the question has often been raised as to whether or not the individual cell's luminescence is truly continuous. to investigate this question, we assembled a sensitive photo-counting system with computerized data acquisition. several luminous species were studied: beneckea harveyi, photobacterium belozerskii, p. fischeri, and p. leiognathi. isolated single cells gave count rates ranging from 2 t ...	1980	6973368
a new, sensitive and simple bioluminescence test for mutagenic compounds.	a spontaneous dark variant of the luminous bacterium photobacterium leiognathi was isolated. the reversion frequency of this variant to genetic-hereditary luminescent cells is greatly increased by nanogram quantities of different base-substitution and frameshift agents. this makes it possible to detect mutagenic compounds at concentrations 100 times lower than that detected by the ames test. curing agents, such as acridine dyes, ethidium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate, are also very active i ...	1980	6990233
[synthetic medium for photobacterium mandapamensis luminescent bacteria].		1980	7207266
the effects of phosphate on the structure and stability of the luciferases from beneckea harveyi, photobacterium fischeri, and photobacterium phosphoreum.		1980	6967319
[fatty acid makeup changes in the luminescent bacteria, photobacterium mandapamensis, in periodic cultivation].	the fatty acid composition of the luminescent bacterium photobacterium mandapamensis and its spontaneous dark mutant was studied in dynamics. lipids of the both strains extracted with a methanol -- chloroform mixture contained the following fatty acids: lauric, tridecanoic, myristic, tetradecenic, pentadecanoic, pentadecenic, palmitic, palmitoleic, heptadecanoic, c17-cyclopropanoic, stearic, octadecenic, and nonadecanoic. the content of palmitoleic acid was the highest (57% of the total). not al ...	1980	7207260
proteolytic inactivation of luciferases from three species of luminous marine bacteria, beneckea harveyi, photobacterium fischeri, and photobacterium phosphoreum: evidence of a conserved structural feature.	upon limited proteolysis of luciferases from the luminous marine bacteria photobacterium fischeri, photobacterium phosphoreum, and beneckea harveyi, the rate of loss of luciferase activity is the same as the rate of loss of the heavier subunit of all three enzymes. it thus appears that the larger subunit of the luciferase from p. phosphoreum should be designated alpha based on its apparent homology with the alpha subunits of the luciferases from b. harveyi and p. fischeri. the luciferase from b. ...	1980	6161366
[effect of camp on the growth and development of luminescence in photobacterium belozerskii].	the effect of camp on the parameters characterizing the development of luminescence in photobacterium belozerskii is discussed. an addition of camp to the culture medium shortened the latent time of luminescence development by 3--6 hours. the intensity of bacterial luminescence increased with a varying rate. during luminescence enhancement the rate of luciferase synthesis increased by a factor of 10 to 10(3). the rate of luciferase synthesis and the maxiumum level of bacterial luminescence when ...	1980	6253982
superoxide dismutases.	superoxide dismutases (ec 1.15.1.1) are metalloenzymes that catalytically scavenge the superoxide radical. they are essential for the aerobic survival of all forms of life. there are three types of superoxide dismutase, containing manganese, iron, or copper and zinc. the copper--zinc type has generally been isolated from eukaryotic cells except for the enzyme for the symbiotic marine bacterium photobacterium leiognathi. the copper--zinc type, from different sources, has a molecular weight of abo ...	1980	6258885
complementation of subunits from different bacterial luciferases. evidence for the role of the beta subunit in the bioluminescent mechanism.	complementation of the nonidentical subunits (alpha and beta) of luciferases isolated from two different bioluminescent strains, beneckea harveyi and photobacterium phosphoreum, has resulted in the formation of a functional hybrid luciferase (alpha h beta p) containing the alpha subunit from b. harveyi luciferase (alpha h) and the beta subunit from p. phosphoreum luciferase (beta p). the complementation was unidirectional; activity could not be restored by complementing the alpha subunit of p. p ...	1980	6969259
[mechanism of action of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene on bacterial luminescence in vitro].	2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (dnfb) changes the parameters of the bioluminescent reaction involving two enzymes, i.e. nadh: fmn-oxidoreductase and luciferase, by decreasing the maximal intensity of luminescence and increasing the time of maximal intensity. modification of the proteins does not affect the changes of the reaction parameters. the effects of dnfb on each one of the reactions, i.e. reduction of fnm and light emission, were studied. dnfb does not inhibit the reaction of fmn reduction. it ...	1980	7213855
fluorescence emission spectra of cells and subcellular preparations of a green photosynthetic bacterium. effects of dithionite on the intensity of the emission bands.	fluorescence emission spectra were measured of intact cells and subcellular preparations of the green photosynthetic bacterium prosthecochloris aestuarii in the presence and in the absence of dithionite. a 3--5-fold increase in bacteriochlorophyll a fluorescence at 816 nm occurred upon addition of dithionite in a membrane vesicle preparation (complex i), in a photochemically active pigment-protein complex and in a bacteriochlorophyll a protein complex free from reaction centers. the pigment-prot ...	1980	7236635
[isolation and purification of bacterial luciferase from photobacterium fischeri for analytical purposes].	a procedure resulting in a highly purified preparation of bacterial luciferase with a high specific activity towards fmnh2 and nadh was developed. using sds-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, it was shown that the enzyme has a subunit composition and that its monomers do not contain the luciferase activity. the use of the obtained preparation for determining the content of nadh and fmn by the bioluminescent method allowed to increase its sensitivity up to 10(-18) and 10(-17) moles, respectiv ...	1980	7248358
[effect of amino acids on the luminescent system induction in photobacterium belozerskii].	variations in the intensity of luminescence of photobacterium belozerskii grown on different media were studied. in the course of growth the luminescence intensity changed by 2 to 4 orders of magnitude, depending on the nutrient medium used. exogenous myristic aldehyde added to the bacterial suspension at the time of luminescence measurement decreased the intensity to a degree, which was essentially independent from the initial level. the onset of an increase in the luminescence intensity depend ...	1980	7384006
photokinetic microanalysis of nadp+, using bacterial luciferase.	bioluminescence photokinetic assay of nadp+ is described, using the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction for conversion to its reduced form and subsequent measurement of this with luciferase extracts of vibria fisherii. the analyses were applied to the determination of the activity of minute amounts of glutathione reductase using nadp+ as measurable product and for nucleotide assay in cell samples of 0.5--10 microgram dry weight. the sensitivity was sufficient for determining 0.5 picomoles ...	1980	7442656
[electron transport systems of photobacterium fischeri].	the composition of cytochromes was studied in photobacterium fischeri 6 at different growth phases and under various conditions of cultivation. the electron transport chains of the bacterium are characterized by the presence of cytochromes b and c types. the terminal oxidases are cytochromes o, a2+a1 and p-450. the hemoprotein p-450 functions as a mixed function oxidase. the qualitative composition of cytochromes does not depend on the growth phase of the bacterium but does on the conditions of ...	1980	7402117
lumazine protein from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum. purification and characterization.	lumazine protein, a novel protein containing 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine as a bound prosthetic group, is one of the several major proteins produced by the bioluminescent bacteria, photobacterium phosphoreum. purification to complete homogeneity from cell extracts is achieved in six steps. lumazine protein is a near spherical, monomeric protein of average molecular weight 20,000; in amino acid composition it is acidic with two isoelectric isomers, pi 4.9 and 5.0, and is hydrophilic (974 cal/re ...	1980	7410396
[cytochromes of the luminescent bacterium, photobacterium fischeri, their solubilization and relationship to luminescence].	the hemoprotein composition of the luminescent bacterium photobacterium fischeri was studied, in particular, the distribution of cytochromes among the bacterial fractions, viz. cell-free extract, supernatant, "particles", protein preparation. the hemochromogenic analysis has shown that the principal hemoproteins of photobacterium fischeri are cytochromes, with hemes of the b and c type. the activity of luciferase is distributed with hemoproteins. the purified preparation of luciferase contains c ...	1980	7412614
[luciferase synthesis regulation in photobacterium mandapamensis].	the synthesis of luciferase and the dynamics of luminescence were studied in the course of batch cultivation of the strain 54-k obtained from the wild strain of photobacterium mandapamensis after numerous passages. luciferase synthesis bvy the strain was not sensitive to the inhibitor contained in the growth medium and did not require the accumulation of an "audoinductor". since the intensity of luminescence and the content of luciferase per cell did change, the bacterium seemed to possess an ad ...	1980	7412616
bioluminescence and cell growth of photobacterium phosphoreum.	the bioluminescence activity of photobacterium phosphoreum was compared at different times after cell division by the methods of density gradient centrifugation and synchronous culture. the bioluminescence intensity per cell mass increased linearly at a rate of 1.5 times per doubling time. the luciferase system in the cell is continuously activated during growth, independent of cell division.	1980	7419524
protein-ligand interactions in lumazine protein and in desulfovibrio flavodoxins from resonance coherent anti-stokes raman spectra.	the resonance coherent anti-stokes raman technique was used to obtain vibrational spectra of flavin in flavodoxins from desulfovibrio gigas and desulfovibrio vulgaris and of the simpler 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine chromophore in the blue fluorescence lumazine protein from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum. in the region examined, 1100-1700 cm-1, the raman spectrum of the lumazine is less crowded than that of the flavin and this facilitates assignment of observed frequenc ...	1980	7426621
co-induction of fatty acid reductase and luciferase during development of bacterial bioluminescence.	the luminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum has been shown to possess a fatty acid reductase based on the stimulation of the aldehyde-dependent luminescent reaction on incubation of the enzyme with atp, nadph, and tetradecanoic acid (riendeau, d., and meighen, e. (1979) j. biol. chem. 254, 7488-7490). a direct, luciferase-independent assay for the fatty acid reductase has now been developed using [3h]tetradecanoic acid as substrate and thin layer chromatography to separate and identify ...	1980	7440587
lumazine protein from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum. a fluorescence study of the protein-ligand equilibrium.	the changes of fluorescence spectral distribution, polarization, and lifetime of the lumazine protein from photobacterium phosphoreum can be interpreted in terms of an equilibrium between the protein and its dissociated prosthetic group 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1'-d-ribityl)lumazine. the equilibrium is rapidly attained, 1:1, and kd is 5 x 10(-8) m (4 degrees c, ph 7, 67 mm phosphate). a change in solution conditions like an increase in temperature or dilution or a decrease in ph or ionic strength favors ...	1980	7417412
formation of hybrid luciferases from subunits of different species of photobacterium.	enzyme divergence within three species of the genus photobacterium (p. fischeri, p. leiognathi, and p. phosphoreum) was studied by comparing the catalytic characteristics and quaternary interactions of bacterial luciferases isolated from each species. each luciferase was composed of two subunits of different molecular weights as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. subunits were isolated in quantity by deae-sephadex gel filtration in 7 m urea. isolated subuni ...	1980	7459320
planktonic marine luminous bacteria: species distribution in the water column.	luminous bacteria were isolated from oceanic water samples taken throughout the upper 1,000 m and ranged in density from 0.4 to 30 colony-forming units per 100 ml. generally, two peaks in abundance were detected: one in the upper 100 m of the water column, which consisted primarily of beneckea spp.; and a second between 250 and 1,000 m, which consisted almost entirely of photobacterium phosphoreum. the population of p. phosphoreum remained relatively stable in abundance at one station that was v ...	1980	16345502
species composition and barotolerance of gut microflora of deep-sea benthic macrofauna collected at various depths in the atlantic ocean.	the bacterial flora of marine animals collected at depths of 570 to 2,446 m was examined for population size and generic composition, and the barotolerant characteristics of selected bacterial isolates were determined. total numbers of culturable, aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria were found to be low in animals collected at the greatest ocean depths sampled in this study. vibrio spp. were predominant in 10 of 15 samples examined, and photobacterium spp. and yeasts were the major components of the ...	1980	16345648
distribution and identification of luminous bacteria from the sargasso sea.	vibrio fischeri and lucibacterium harveyi constituted 75 of the 83 luminous bacteria isolated from sargasso sea surface waters. photobacterium leiognathi and photobacterium phosphoreum constituted the remainder of the isolates. luminescent bacteria were recovered at concentrations of 1 to 63 cells per 100 ml from water samples collected at depths of 160 to 320 m. two water samples collected at the thermocline yielded larger numbers of viable, aerobic heterotrophic and luminous bacteria. luminesc ...	1980	16345575
bacterial origin of luminescence in marine animals.	bacterial luciferase activity was detected in light organ extracts of squids, fishes, and pyrosomes, suggesting that these systems are derived from bacteria-animal symbioses. in none of these cases was it possible to culture luminouis bacteria. analyses of the decay kinetics show that the luciferases from the squid, ceratioid, and pyrosome light organs are all similar to bacterial luciferases from the genus photobacterium, while those from the anomalopid light organs are different.	1980	17830813
[bacterial luciferase in reactions with catalytically reduced flavin mononucleotide].		1981	7225439
[lipids of the luminescent bacteria photobacterium mandapamensis].	the composition of lipids was studied in the luminescent bacterium photobacterium mandapamensis under the conditions of maximal luminescence. the synthesis of total lipids and poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (phba) was investigated in dynamics under the conditions of batch cultivation. the major class of lipids was polar lipids (84.3%) represented by phospholipids (phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, cardiolipin, lysocardiolipin, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine) and a minor nonidentifi ...	1981	7219224
structural identification of autoinducer of photobacterium fischeri luciferase.	synthesis of bacterial luciferase in some strains of luminous bacteria requires a threshold concentration of an autoinducer synthesized by the bacteria and excreted into the medium. autoinducer excreted by photobacterium fischeri strain mj-1 was isolated from the cell-free medium by extraction with ethyl acetate, evaporation of solvent, workup with ethanol-water mixtures, and silica gel chromatography, followed by normal-phase and then reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. the fi ...	1981	7236614
[inhibitory analysis of the luminescent electron transport chain of photobacterium fischeri].	the quenching of luminescence of bacterial luciferase from photobacterium fischeri by non-specific electron acceptors and inhibitors of dehydrogenases was studied. the inhibition of the luminescent reaction obeys the non-competitive mechanism with nadh, fmn and aliphatic aldehyde. the inhibitors compete with cytochrome c for nadh -- cytochrome c oxido-reductase. it is concluded that lumiredoxin, a fes-containing protein, is the most sensitive component of the luminescent electron transport chain ...	1981	7248374
[inhibition of bacterial luminescence by cytochrome p-450 substrates].	the mechanisms of luminescence quenching by various drugs, e.g. dimethylaniline, ethylmorphine, hexobarbital and aminopyrine, which are effective inhibitors of luminescence both in intact cells and in bacterial luciferase, were studied. it was shown that the inhibition of luminescence occurs due to competition of the bacterial luminescence system substrate--aliphatic aldehyde in cytochrome p-450. the functional similarity of the bacterial luminescence system to the microsomal hydroxylation syste ...	1981	7248381
use of the luminescent bacterial system for the rapid assessment of aquatic toxicity.	a simple and reliable method for monitoring the toxicity of aquatic samples has been developed. the assay is based on changes in the light output of luminescent bacteria, as measured by a temperature controlled photometric device. the new assay method described here correlates well with other bioassays yet requires less than thirty minutes to obtain a complete reportable assay. the assay system is an instrumental approach in which the bioassay organisms are handled like a chemical reagent. data ...	1981	7251338
dna-damaging agents and dna-synthesis inhibitors induce luminescence in dark variants of luminous bacteria.	the dna-damaging agents mitomycin c and uv irradiation, as well as the dna-synthesis inhibitors nalidixic acid, novobiocin and coumermycin, induce the de novo synthesis of luciferase and in vivo luminescence in dark variant cells of the luminous bacteria photobacterium leiognathi. mitomycin c and nalidixic acid also cause the induction of luminescence in wild-type cells in the absence of its natural inducer. in spite of the high level of in vivo luminescence of the treated dark-variant cells, no ...	1981	7290100
fatty acid reductase in bioluminescent bacteria. resolution from aldehyde reductases and characterization of the aldehyde product.	fatty acid reductase from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum, has been partially purified free of aldehyde reductase activity and with a low endogenous fatty acid content permitting the characterization of the aldehyde product of the reaction. two aldehyde reductases, both dependent on nadh, were separated by anion-exchange chromatography from the fatty acid reductase activity. the partially purified fatty acid reductase catalyzed the synthesis exclusively of long chain alde ...	1981	7296339
a membrane-covered photobacterium probe for oxygen measurements in the nanomolar range.		1981	7304978
[pyruvic acid formation by the luminescent bacterium photobacterium mandapamensis].		1981	7321908
chemistry and biochemistry of superoxide dismutases.	the univalent reduction of oxygen to the superoxide radical is a commonplace event in biological systems, and the superoxide dismutases, which catalytically scavenge this radical, are the primary defence against its potential cytotoxicity. the superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide, can interact to generate the hydroxyl radical. superoxide dismutases are metalloenzymes that can prevent the generation of hydroxyl radical by keeping the level of superoxide radical vanishingly low. superoxide dis ...	1981	7343318
adjuvant effect of photobacterium phosphoreum pj-1 on humoral immune response of ddy mice to sheep erythrocytes.		1981	7349282
acridine dyes and other dna-intercalating agents induce the luminescence system of luminous bacteria and their dark variants.	acridine dyes and other dna-intercalating agents such as ethidium bromide, theophylline, and caffeine induce luminescence in dark variants (k variants) different luminous species of bacteria, as well as in their wild-type luminous cells, prior to induction. the increase in luminescence appears 10-20 min after addition of these agents and is inhibited by chloramphenicol or rifampicin. addition of these agents affects the synthesis of both luciferase and aldehyde-synthesizing enzymes. it is hypoth ...	1981	6943543
reaction kinetics in living systems.	in this report we treat reaction rates, equilibrium theory, and irreversible thermodynamics as different aspects of a single discipline. in biological reactions the rate is ultimately controlled by enzymes and other proteins of complex structure and high molecular weight. the needed formalism can be placed in one-to-one correspondence with appropriate electrical and mechanical networks. an enzyme molecule has zwitter ions anchored in the polypeptide chain, which enable it to distort the substrat ...	1981	6946491
taxonomy and description of vibrio fluvialis sp. nov. (synonym group f vibrios, group ef6).		1981	6971864
[use of the bio- and chemiluminescence in a clinical laboratory].		1981	6752924
evidence for a natural gene transfer from the ponyfish to its bioluminescent bacterial symbiont photobacter leiognathi. the close relationship between bacteriocuprein and the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase of teleost fishes.		1981	6787049
immunochemical comparisons among lipopolysaccharides from symbiotic luminous bacteria isolated from several luminous marine animals.		1982	6820471
chemical and biological properties of lipopolysaccharide from a marine bacterium, photobacterium phosphoreum pj-1.	the chemical and biological properties of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from a marine bacterium, photobacterium phosphoreum pj-1, were studied. this lps consists of 40.6% carbohydrate, 27.3% fatty acid, 0.2% 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (kdo) and other components. one characteristic of this lps is its small amount of kdo, the basic component of the usual lps. electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel revealed at least two staining bands for carbohydrates. these bands were con ...	1982	6752664
oxygen affinities of the hydrogenosome-containing protozoa tritrichomonas foetus and dasytricha ruminantium, and two aerobic protozoa, determined by bacterial bioluminescence.	oxygen-dependent bioluminescence of photobacterium (vibrio) fischeri was used to measure oxygen affinities of four protozoa. the aerobic organisms acanthamoeba castellanii and tetrahymena pyriformis showed apparent km values for o2 of 0.42 and 2.43 microm respectively. the aerotolerant anaerobe tritrichomonas foetus, and the more strictly anaerobic rumen ciliate dasytricha ruminantium, both of which have hydrogenosomes, respired with apparent km values of 1.08 and 1.70 microm-o2. we conclude tha ...	1982	6809887
resolution of the fatty acid reductase from photobacterium phosphoreum into acyl protein synthetase and acyl-coa reductase activities. evidence for an enzyme complex.		1982	7085612
identification of vibrio hollisae sp. nov. from patients with diarrhea.	the name vibrio hollisae (synonym = special bacteriology group ef-13) is proposed for a new group of 16 strains that occurred in stool cultures of patients with diarrhea. v. hollisae is a small gram-negative rod, which is motile with a single polar flagellum. no lateral or peritrichous flagella were observed, even when it was grown on a solid medium. sodium chloride is required for growth, so v. hollisae is a halophilic vibrio. strains were positive (36 degrees c, 24 or 48 h) for oxidase (kovacs ...	1982	7076812
immunological properties of lipopolysaccharide from a marine bacterium, photobacterium phosphoreum pj-1.		1982	6982391
isolation of bacterial luciferases by affinity chromatography on 2,2-diphenylpropylamine-sepharose: phosphate-mediated binding to an immobilized substrate analogue.	a covalently immobilized form of an inhibitor of bacterial luciferase, 2,2-diphenylpropylamine (d phi pa), was an effective affinity resin for purifying this enzyme from several distinct bacterial species. the inhibitor is competitive with the luciferase aldehyde substrate but enhances binding of the flavin substrate fmnh2 (reduced riboflavin 5'-phosphate); comparable binding interactions occur with luciferase, the immobilized inhibitor d phi pa-sepharose, and the substrates [holzman, t. f., & b ...	1982	6983889
copper-zinc superoxide dismutase from caulobacter crescentus cb15. a novel bacteriocuprein form of the enzyme.	a bacteriocuprein is a copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase isolated from a bacterium. until recently, the first and only documented bacteriocuprein was that from the marine bacterium photobacterium leiognathi, which lives symbiotically with leiognathid fishes. a new bacteriocuprein has been discovered, purified, and characterized from the free living, non-symbiotic bacterium, caulobacter crescentus cb15. in its native molecular weight, homodimeric subunit structure, specific activit ...	1982	7050107
isolation and characterization of a protein with cyanide-sensitive superoxide dismutase activity from the prokaryote, paracoccus denitrificans.	1. a protein with cyanide-sensitive superoxide dismutase activity was isolated from the prokaryote paracoccus denitrificans. 2. this enzyme, present in low amount in the cell, represented not more than 10% of the total cellular superoxide dismutase activity. it was obtained in a form which was 20-40-times less active than the main superoxide dismutase of p. denitrificans which is a manganese-containing enzyme. 3. it was a soluble monomeric enzyme, highly negatively charged (pi = 4.8), with an ap ...	1982	7066332
superoxide dismutases: exploration of apparent anomalies: a gene transfer and a functional replacement.		1982	7067913
occurrence of uronic acid in lipopolysaccharides of vibrionaceae.	the occurrence of uronic acid as a sugar constituent of lipopolysaccharides (lps) in vibrionaceae was demonstrated for the first time. more than 100 strains were examined. of five genera constituting vibrionaceae, i.e., vibrio, aeromonas, plesiomonas, photobacterium, and lucibacterium, the latter three contained uronic acid in lps of all of their constituting members examined, while it was totally lacking in aeromonas lps so far tested. only the members of genus vibrio were found to be divided i ...	1982	7169971
diluent composition for use of api 20e in characterizing marine and estuarine bacteria.	nine chemically defined inoculation diluents, with compositions ranging from 0.85% nacl to 35% marine salts, were used to evaluate the influence of diluent composition on the biochemical profiles of 30 marine and estuarine bacterial strains, including species of vibrio, aeromonas, allomonas, and photobacterium. results demonstrated that a 20% marine salts diluent enabled the characterization of halophilic strains normally nonreactive by the api 20e system. furthermore, the use of 20% marine salt ...	1982	7125655
[nadph- and atp-dependent luminescence of extracts from luminous bacteria].	it was shown that the luminescence of extracts prepared from luminous bacteria is stimulated by nadph and atp without fmn or long-chain aliphatic aldehydes, which are routinely used for producing luminescence of extracts from luminous bacteria in vitro. in these extracts an aldehyde factor, a natural analog of aliphatic aldehydes, is synthesized. the enzymatic system involved in maintaining the luminescence of nadph and atp is probably not coupled with the functioning of nad(p)h: fmn oxidoreduct ...	1982	7159622
[thermoinactivation of bacterial luciferase].	the kinetics of thermal inactivation of bacterial luciferase was studied. it was found that the reaction substrates produce a weak protecting effect against the enzyme inactivation. edta, dithiothreitol and bovine serum albumin considerably stabilize the luciferase. the hypothetical mechanism of the enzyme inactivation involves oxidation of sh-groups and dissociation of the dimer into inactive monomers.	1982	7150668
association between lumazine protein and bacterial luciferase: direct demonstration from the decay of the lumazine emission anisotropy.		1982	7093241
sugar composition of lipopolysaccharides of family vibrionaceae. absence of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (kdo) except in vibrio parahaemolyticus o6.		1982	7176968
bacterial bioluminescence as a bioassay for mycotoxins.	the use of bacterial bioluminescence as a toxicological assay for mycotoxins was tested with rubratoxin b, zearalenone, penicillic acid, citrinin, ochratoxin a, pr-toxin, aflatoxin b1, and patulin. the concentrations of mycotoxins causing 50% light reduction (ec50) in photobacterium phosphoreum were determined immediately and at 5 h after reconstitution of the bacteria from a freeze-dried state. generally, less toxins were required to obtain an ec50 at 5 h. the effects of the above mycotoxins on ...	1982	7181501
the primary structure of cu-zn superoxide dismutase from photobacterium leiognathi: evidence for a separate evolution of cu-zn superoxide dismutase in bacteria.	the complete amino-acid sequence of the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase of the photobacterium leiognathi was determined. the fragmentation strategy employed included cyanogen bromide cleavage at its methionine residues and the only tryptophan residue. the s-carboxymethylated chain was further cleaved by means of trypsin, in order to obtain overlapping fragments. for sequence determination automated solid or liquid-phase techniques of edman degradation were used. c-terminal amino acids of the en ...	1983	6884993
[pathway of synthesis of the aldehyde factor - a basic substrate of luciferase].	the stimulation of luminescence and cell aldehyde factor during the growth of one-aldehyde-dependent mutant in the condition medium by other aldehyde-dependent mutants was studied. it was shown that the aldehyde factor is synthesized in five successive steps, thus suggesting the participation of five enzymes in aldehyde factor synthesis. the metabolite accumulation in the condition medium increases both the level of the aldehyde factor and that of luciferase. it is assumed that some precursors o ...	1983	6882834
[bioluminescence study of nad-dependent dehydrogenase and isoenzyme activity of human blood using soluble and immobilized bacterial luciferase].		1983	6884193
saturation behavior of the manganese-containing superoxide dismutase from paracoccus denitrificans.	a pulse radiolysis study of the mn-superoxide dismutase from paracoccus denitrificans has shown that, at concentration of 0(2)-. below 0.8 x 10(-4)m, the catalyzed dismutation of 0(2)-. is a first order reaction with regard to 0(2)-.. at concentration of 0(2)-. above 0.8 x 10(-4)m, the mn-superoxide dismutase is shown to catalyze superoxide dismutation with a mechanism which exhibits saturation kinetics. this behavior was previously found in the bovine cu/zn-superoxide dismutase and in the fe-su ...	1983	6860328
phagocytosis-induced mutagenesis in bacteria.	dark mutants of the luminous bacteria photobacterium fischeri reverted to hereditary stable luminescent forms when incubated with human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn). the maximal mutagenic effect occurred during the first 15 min of phagocytosis, and was dependent on the phagocyte:bacterium ratio as well as on the integrity of the pmn cells. heat-killed phagocytes or disintegrated phagocytes did not show any mutagenic activity, whereas the supernatant of the phagocytosis reaction exerted mu ...	1983	6866004
the effect of radiation on bioluminescent bacteria: possible use of luminescent bacteria as a biological dosemeter.		1983	6867115
nitrogen fixation as evidence for the reducing nature of the early biosphere.	probably the first nitrogen fixers were anaerobic, non-photosynthetic, bacteria, i.e. fermenters. during the evolution of n2 fixation they still needed nitrogen on the oxidation level of ammonia. because of the complexities in structure and function of nitrogenase this evolution must have required a long time. the photosynthetic and later the respiring bacteria inherited the capacity for n2 fixation from the fermenters, but the process did not change a great deal when it was taken over. because ...	1983	6871385
raman spectra of flavin bound in flavodoxins and in other flavoproteins. evidence for structural variations in the flavin-binding region.	the resonance coherent anti-stokes raman scattering (cars) spectra for a number of flavoproteins are found to be fingerprints for the particular type of flavoprotein. one group studied were the bacterial flavodoxins: desulfovibrio vulgaris, desulfovibrio desulfuricans, azotobacter vinelandii, megasphaera elsdenii, clostridium kluyverii and clostridium formicoaceticum. the other examples were the enzymes lactate monooxygenase and glucose oxidase. fmn complexed to vibrio harveyi luciferase, and a ...	1983	6840072
comparative biochemistry of the cell envelopes of photobacterium leiognathi and escherichia coli.	photobacterium leiognathi closely resembles escherichia coli with respect to cell lysis by lysozyme, and the fractionation of outer and cytoplasmic membranes. the two organisms differ in their phospholipid contents and, more significantly, in outer membrane protein compositions.	1983	6352861
[continuous cultivation of photobacterium phosphoreum luminescent bacteria with control of the luminescence].	the paper describes a procedure for continuous cultivation of luminescent bacteria photobacterium phosphoreum according to which the nutrient flow is controlled with respect to the luminescence intensity. the biomass yield of this cultivation procedure at the given luminescence intensity 6.1 x 10(12) quantum x ml-1 s-1 is over three times higher than that obtained in periodic cultivation, with the specific cell luminescence being identical in both cases. the cultivation process is unstable at th ...	1983	6353408
evolutionary relationships in vibrio and photobacterium: a basis for a natural classification.		1983	6357056
[metabolic organization of the luminescent system of phosphorescent bacteria].		1983	6418498
[bioluminescence and its analytic applications].		1983	6146159
growth and luminescence of luminous bacteria on modified haneda's medium.		1984	6727711
generation of fatty acids by an acyl esterase in the bioluminescent system of photobacterium phosphoreum.	the fatty acid reductase complex from photobacterium phosphoreum has been discovered to have a long chain ester hydrolase activity associated with the 34k protein component of the complex. this protein has been resolved from the other components (50k and 58k) of the fatty acid reductase complex with a purity of greater than 95% and found to catalyze the transfer of acyl groups from acyl-coa primarily to thiol acceptors with a low level of transfer to glycerol and water. addition of the 50k prote ...	1984	6147345
the ribonucleotide sequence of 5s rrna from two strains of deep-sea barophilic bacteria.	deep-sea bacteria were isolated from the digestive tract of animals inhabiting depths of 5900 m in the puerto rico trench and 4300 m near the walvis ridge. growth of two bacterial strains was measured in marine broth and in solid media under a range of pressures and temperatures. both strains were barophilic at 2 degrees c (+/- 1 degrees c) with an optimal growth rate of 0.22 h-1 at a pressure 30% lower than that encountered in situ. at 1 atm they grew at temperatures ranging from 1.2 to 18.2 de ...	1984	6206199
the amino-acid sequence of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from swordfish liver. comparison of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase sequences.	the amino acid sequence of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from swordfish (xiphias gladius) liver has been determined by alignment of the tryptic peptides according to the known sequence of bovine erythrocyte copper/zinc superoxide dismutase. this alignment has resulted in the ligands to the copper (his-47, 49, 76 and 94) and the zinc (his-76, 85, 134 and asp-97) being conserved in all the copper/zinc superoxide dismutases sequenced so far. also conserved in the sequences are the cysteines form ...	1984	6510412
extracellular lumazine from aggregating dictyostelium discoideum cells. influence of ph on its fluorescence.	lumazine has been demonstrated to be one of the two main compounds responsible for the extracellular fluorescence linked with the aggregation ability of dictyostelium discoideum, strain ax-2. the other compound, also having lumazine properties, is, however, different from the 7-hydroxylumazine proposed previously. the influence of ph on the fluorescence of lumazine was studied. the possible use of extracellular pteridines as ph markers was stressed and a method for the determination of the amoun ...	1984	6519644
relationship between ion requirements for respiration and membrane transport in a marine bacterium.	intact cells of the marine bacterium alteromonas haloplanktis 214 oxidized nadh, added to the suspending medium, by a process which was stimulated by na+ or li+ but not k+. toluene-treated cells oxidized nadh at three times the rate of untreated cells by a mechanism activated by na+ but not by li+ or k+. in the latter reaction, k+ spared the requirement for na+. intact cells of a. haloplanktis oxidized ethanol by a mechanism stimulated by either na+ or li+. the uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric ac ...	1984	6690427
differential acylation in vitro with tetradecanoyl coenzyme a and tetradecanoic acid (+atp) of three polypeptides shown to have induced synthesis in photobacterium phosphoreum.	acylation of extracts of photobacterium phosphoreum at different stages of growth with [3h]tetradecanoic acid (+atp) has shown that two polypeptides found in the fatty acid reductase complex, the fatty acid activating enzyme (50k) and the 34k polypeptide, were specifically labeled during induction of the luminescent system. an alternate method for in vitro acylation of polypeptides in the luminescent system was developed using tetradecanoyl-coa. both the 34k polypeptide and, to a lesser extent, ...	1984	6693412
continuous-flow determination of primary bile acids, by bioluminescence, with use of nylon-immobilized bacterial enzymes.	we describe a continuous-flow bioluminescence method for measuring primary bile acid in serum, with nylon as the solid support. 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1. 159), a bacterial luciferase (ec 1.14.14.3), and nad+:fmn oxido-reductase (ec 1.6.8.1) are covalently co-immobilized on a nylon coil (1 m x 1.0 mm i.d.). the assay is highly specific for 7 alpha-hydroxy bile acids. other bile acids and steroids do not interfere. the continuous-flow light-emitting system, in which the react ...	1984	6362913
nucleotide base sequence of vibrionaceae 5 s rrna.	nucleotide base sequences of 5 s rrnas isolated from vibrio vulnificus, vibrio anguillarum, and aeromonas hydrophila were determined. comparisons among these and sequences of 5 s rrnas from other species of vibrionaceae provide information useful in the evaluation of the evolution of bacterial species.	1984	6479333
bioluminescent toxicity assay of synfuel by-product waters.		1984	6733307
a new rapid and sensitive bioluminescence assay for antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis.	a new sensitive, rapid and simple bioluminescence assay for antibiotics inhibiting protein synthesis is described. in this assay the ability of the tested antibiotic to inhibit the de novo synthesis of the enzymes participating in the bacterial luminescence system is determined by means of a dark variant of a luminous bacterium that undergoes prompt induction of the luminescence system with certain dna-intercalating agents. upon induction, the in vivo luminescence of the dark variant is increase ...	1984	6746464
bioluminescence procedures for the measurement of nad(p) dependent enzyme catalytic activities in submicrogram quantities of rabbit and human nephron structures.	reduced flavin mononucleotide dependent luciferase (ec 1.14.14.3) from photobacterium fischeri has been used to measure nad(p) dependent enzymes in submicrogram quantities of tissue homogenates and isolated structures of rabbit and human kidney. the procedure for measuring nad(p)h was optimized, with internal standardization, to give a linear constant signal between 1 and 100 pmol. this method was applied to the measurement of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.49) and 3-hydroxybutyrate ...	1984	6716053
vibrio harveyi aldehyde dehydrogenase. partial reversal of aldehyde oxidation and its possible role in the reduction of fatty acids for the bioluminescence reaction.	vibrio harveyi aldehyde dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the oxidation of long chain aliphatic aldehydes to acids, has been discovered to have both acyl-coa reductase and thioesterase activities. tetradecanoyl-coa was reduced to tetradecanal in the presence of nad(p)h, as monitored by the stimulation of luciferase activity by the aldehyde product (acyl-coa reductase). in the absence of nadph, [3h]tetradecanoyl-coa was hydrolyzed to the hexane-soluble fatty acid (thioesterase). inhibition data with ...	1984	6725283
[lactate dehydrogenase activity and its isoenzyme in a system coupled with bacterial luciferase].	properties of a coupled system "ldh-bacterial luciferase" were studied. the light-generating enzymatic system from luminescent bacteria photobacterium fisheri was used as an indicator of the dehydrogenase activity. kinetic parameters of the coupled system were studied using commercially available preparation of ldh and the enzyme from human blood plasma. the luminescent activity of bacterial preparation was shown to correlate with the activity of ldh and its isoenzymes within wide range of blood ...	1984	6528536
membrane-bound 5'-nucleotidase in marine luminous bacteria: biochemical and immunological properties.	a novel 5'-nucleotidase previously described in halophilic vibrio costicola was detected in marine vibrio and photobacterium strains. the enzyme of marine bacteria was similar in its properties to the 5'-nucleotidase of vibrio costicola; it was outwardly oriented in the cytoplasmic membrane and dephosphorylated nucleoside 5'-tri-, di-, and mono-phosphates to respective nucleosides before uptake. the enzyme in marine strains was immunologically cross-reactive with the antibody raised against the ...	1985	2411368
[luminometry and its use in clinical chemistry (review of the literature)].		1985	2416988
osmotic control of luminescence and growth in photobacterium leiognathi from ponyfish light organs.	osmolarity was found to control the luminescence and growth of photobacterium leiognathi strain ln-1a isolated from the light organ of the ponyfish leiognathus nuchalis (family leiognathidae). low osmolarity (ca. 400 mosm) stimulated luminescence per cell 80 to 100-fold to a level (ca. 2.0 x 10(4) quanta . s-1 . cell-1) equal to that of bacteria taken directly from the light organ and increased the level of luciferase per cell 8 to 10-fold compared to high osmolarity (ca. 800 mosm). conversely, ...	1985	3994483
bacteriocuprein superoxide dismutases in pseudomonads.	two new instances of the rare bacteriocuprein form of superoxide dismutase have been discovered in pseudomonas diminuta and p. maltophilia. each species contains a manganese superoxide dismutase as well. eight other strains of pseudomonas and xanthomonas spp. lacked bacteriocupreins and contained either a manganese or an iron superoxide dismutase. native molecular weights and isoelectric points were determined for all these bacterial dismutases. a monospecific polyclonal antibody was prepared ag ...	1985	3997777
the amino acid sequences of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutases from swordfish and photobacter leiognathi confirm the predictions made from the compositions.	recent suggestions that the amino acid sequence of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutases of swordfish and photobacter leiognathi do not support the theory that the bacterium obtained the gene for the enzyme by transfer from its eucaryotic symbiont [rocha, h. a., bannister, w. h. and bannister, j. v. (1984) eur. j. biochem. 145, 477-484] are examined. the amount of difference between the sequence is in good agreement with expectation from the amino acid compositions. moreover, the gene-transfer h ...	1985	4029137
a comparison of the effects of cyanide, hydrogen peroxide, and phenylglyoxal on eucaryotic and procaryotic cu,zn superoxide dismutases.	the cu,zn superoxide dismutases from bovine liver, yeast, caulobacter crescentus, and photobacter leiognathi were compared for their susceptibilities to inhibition by cyanide and to inactivation by hydrogen peroxide and phenylglyoxal. all of these enzymes were affected by these reagents, albeit with some differences in sensitivity. the yeast and the bacterial enzymes were thus more sensitive to cyanide than was the bovine enzyme, while the bovine and the yeast enzymes were inactivated more rapid ...	1985	4037799
microtox and spirillum volutans tests for assessing toxicity of environmental samples.		1985	4052646
[action of phenobarbital on bacterial luciferase of photobacterium fischeri].	the effect of phenobarbital, a typical substrate of monooxygenases from higher organisms, on bioluminescence of the marine bacterium photobacterium fischeri and bacterial luciferase was studied. phenobarbital was shown to be an effective quenching agent owing to the interaction with cytochrome p-450, a terminal luciferase component. a competitive interrelation was found between phenobarbital and an aliphatic aldehyde, the substrate of the luminescent reaction.	1985	4058324
chemical properties of thiobarbituric acid-positive substances released from photobacterial lipopolysaccharides during acid hydrolysis.		1985	4094573
a comparison of three microbial assay procedures for measuring toxicity of chemical residues.		1985	3907513
determination of rotational correlation times from deconvoluted fluorescence anisotropy decay curves. demonstration with 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine and lumazine protein from photobacterium leiognathi as fluorescent indicators.	the experimental and analytical protocols required for obtaining rotational correlation times of biological macromolecules from fluorescence anisotropy decay measurements are described. as an example, the lumazine protein from photobacterium leiognathi was used. this stable protein (mr 21 200) contains the noncovalently bound, natural fluorescent marker 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine, which has in the bound state a long fluorescence lifetime (tau = 14 ns). shortening of the fluorescence lifetime ...	1985	3986188