Publications

[pathway of synthesis of the aldehyde factor - a basic substrate of luciferase].	the stimulation of luminescence and cell aldehyde factor during the growth of one-aldehyde-dependent mutant in the condition medium by other aldehyde-dependent mutants was studied. it was shown that the aldehyde factor is synthesized in five successive steps, thus suggesting the participation of five enzymes in aldehyde factor synthesis. the metabolite accumulation in the condition medium increases both the level of the aldehyde factor and that of luciferase. it is assumed that some precursors o ...	1983	6882834
[bioluminescence study of nad-dependent dehydrogenase and isoenzyme activity of human blood using soluble and immobilized bacterial luciferase].		1983	6884193
the primary structure of cu-zn superoxide dismutase from photobacterium leiognathi: evidence for a separate evolution of cu-zn superoxide dismutase in bacteria.	the complete amino-acid sequence of the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase of the photobacterium leiognathi was determined. the fragmentation strategy employed included cyanogen bromide cleavage at its methionine residues and the only tryptophan residue. the s-carboxymethylated chain was further cleaved by means of trypsin, in order to obtain overlapping fragments. for sequence determination automated solid or liquid-phase techniques of edman degradation were used. c-terminal amino acids of the en ...	1983	6884993
[bioluminescence and its analytic applications].		1983	6146159
immunological properties of lipopolysaccharide from a marine bacterium, photobacterium phosphoreum pj-1.		1982	6982391
isolation of bacterial luciferases by affinity chromatography on 2,2-diphenylpropylamine-sepharose: phosphate-mediated binding to an immobilized substrate analogue.	a covalently immobilized form of an inhibitor of bacterial luciferase, 2,2-diphenylpropylamine (d phi pa), was an effective affinity resin for purifying this enzyme from several distinct bacterial species. the inhibitor is competitive with the luciferase aldehyde substrate but enhances binding of the flavin substrate fmnh2 (reduced riboflavin 5'-phosphate); comparable binding interactions occur with luciferase, the immobilized inhibitor d phi pa-sepharose, and the substrates [holzman, t. f., & b ...	1982	6983889
oxygen affinities of the hydrogenosome-containing protozoa tritrichomonas foetus and dasytricha ruminantium, and two aerobic protozoa, determined by bacterial bioluminescence.	oxygen-dependent bioluminescence of photobacterium (vibrio) fischeri was used to measure oxygen affinities of four protozoa. the aerobic organisms acanthamoeba castellanii and tetrahymena pyriformis showed apparent km values for o2 of 0.42 and 2.43 microm respectively. the aerotolerant anaerobe tritrichomonas foetus, and the more strictly anaerobic rumen ciliate dasytricha ruminantium, both of which have hydrogenosomes, respired with apparent km values of 1.08 and 1.70 microm-o2. we conclude tha ...	1982	6809887
immunochemical comparisons among lipopolysaccharides from symbiotic luminous bacteria isolated from several luminous marine animals.		1982	6820471
copper-zinc superoxide dismutase from caulobacter crescentus cb15. a novel bacteriocuprein form of the enzyme.	a bacteriocuprein is a copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase isolated from a bacterium. until recently, the first and only documented bacteriocuprein was that from the marine bacterium photobacterium leiognathi, which lives symbiotically with leiognathid fishes. a new bacteriocuprein has been discovered, purified, and characterized from the free living, non-symbiotic bacterium, caulobacter crescentus cb15. in its native molecular weight, homodimeric subunit structure, specific activit ...	1982	7050107
isolation and characterization of a protein with cyanide-sensitive superoxide dismutase activity from the prokaryote, paracoccus denitrificans.	1. a protein with cyanide-sensitive superoxide dismutase activity was isolated from the prokaryote paracoccus denitrificans. 2. this enzyme, present in low amount in the cell, represented not more than 10% of the total cellular superoxide dismutase activity. it was obtained in a form which was 20-40-times less active than the main superoxide dismutase of p. denitrificans which is a manganese-containing enzyme. 3. it was a soluble monomeric enzyme, highly negatively charged (pi = 4.8), with an ap ...	1982	7066332
superoxide dismutases: exploration of apparent anomalies: a gene transfer and a functional replacement.		1982	7067913
identification of vibrio hollisae sp. nov. from patients with diarrhea.	the name vibrio hollisae (synonym = special bacteriology group ef-13) is proposed for a new group of 16 strains that occurred in stool cultures of patients with diarrhea. v. hollisae is a small gram-negative rod, which is motile with a single polar flagellum. no lateral or peritrichous flagella were observed, even when it was grown on a solid medium. sodium chloride is required for growth, so v. hollisae is a halophilic vibrio. strains were positive (36 degrees c, 24 or 48 h) for oxidase (kovacs ...	1982	7076812
resolution of the fatty acid reductase from photobacterium phosphoreum into acyl protein synthetase and acyl-coa reductase activities. evidence for an enzyme complex.		1982	7085612
association between lumazine protein and bacterial luciferase: direct demonstration from the decay of the lumazine emission anisotropy.		1982	7093241
diluent composition for use of api 20e in characterizing marine and estuarine bacteria.	nine chemically defined inoculation diluents, with compositions ranging from 0.85% nacl to 35% marine salts, were used to evaluate the influence of diluent composition on the biochemical profiles of 30 marine and estuarine bacterial strains, including species of vibrio, aeromonas, allomonas, and photobacterium. results demonstrated that a 20% marine salts diluent enabled the characterization of halophilic strains normally nonreactive by the api 20e system. furthermore, the use of 20% marine salt ...	1982	7125655
[thermoinactivation of bacterial luciferase].	the kinetics of thermal inactivation of bacterial luciferase was studied. it was found that the reaction substrates produce a weak protecting effect against the enzyme inactivation. edta, dithiothreitol and bovine serum albumin considerably stabilize the luciferase. the hypothetical mechanism of the enzyme inactivation involves oxidation of sh-groups and dissociation of the dimer into inactive monomers.	1982	7150668
[nadph- and atp-dependent luminescence of extracts from luminous bacteria].	it was shown that the luminescence of extracts prepared from luminous bacteria is stimulated by nadph and atp without fmn or long-chain aliphatic aldehydes, which are routinely used for producing luminescence of extracts from luminous bacteria in vitro. in these extracts an aldehyde factor, a natural analog of aliphatic aldehydes, is synthesized. the enzymatic system involved in maintaining the luminescence of nadph and atp is probably not coupled with the functioning of nad(p)h: fmn oxidoreduct ...	1982	7159622
occurrence of uronic acid in lipopolysaccharides of vibrionaceae.	the occurrence of uronic acid as a sugar constituent of lipopolysaccharides (lps) in vibrionaceae was demonstrated for the first time. more than 100 strains were examined. of five genera constituting vibrionaceae, i.e., vibrio, aeromonas, plesiomonas, photobacterium, and lucibacterium, the latter three contained uronic acid in lps of all of their constituting members examined, while it was totally lacking in aeromonas lps so far tested. only the members of genus vibrio were found to be divided i ...	1982	7169971
sugar composition of lipopolysaccharides of family vibrionaceae. absence of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (kdo) except in vibrio parahaemolyticus o6.		1982	7176968
bacterial bioluminescence as a bioassay for mycotoxins.	the use of bacterial bioluminescence as a toxicological assay for mycotoxins was tested with rubratoxin b, zearalenone, penicillic acid, citrinin, ochratoxin a, pr-toxin, aflatoxin b1, and patulin. the concentrations of mycotoxins causing 50% light reduction (ec50) in photobacterium phosphoreum were determined immediately and at 5 h after reconstitution of the bacteria from a freeze-dried state. generally, less toxins were required to obtain an ec50 at 5 h. the effects of the above mycotoxins on ...	1982	7181501
chemical and biological properties of lipopolysaccharide from a marine bacterium, photobacterium phosphoreum pj-1.	the chemical and biological properties of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from a marine bacterium, photobacterium phosphoreum pj-1, were studied. this lps consists of 40.6% carbohydrate, 27.3% fatty acid, 0.2% 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (kdo) and other components. one characteristic of this lps is its small amount of kdo, the basic component of the usual lps. electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel revealed at least two staining bands for carbohydrates. these bands were con ...	1982	6752664
[use of the bio- and chemiluminescence in a clinical laboratory].		1981	6752924
evidence for a natural gene transfer from the ponyfish to its bioluminescent bacterial symbiont photobacter leiognathi. the close relationship between bacteriocuprein and the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase of teleost fishes.		1981	6787049
acridine dyes and other dna-intercalating agents induce the luminescence system of luminous bacteria and their dark variants.	acridine dyes and other dna-intercalating agents such as ethidium bromide, theophylline, and caffeine induce luminescence in dark variants (k variants) different luminous species of bacteria, as well as in their wild-type luminous cells, prior to induction. the increase in luminescence appears 10-20 min after addition of these agents and is inhibited by chloramphenicol or rifampicin. addition of these agents affects the synthesis of both luciferase and aldehyde-synthesizing enzymes. it is hypoth ...	1981	6943543
reaction kinetics in living systems.	in this report we treat reaction rates, equilibrium theory, and irreversible thermodynamics as different aspects of a single discipline. in biological reactions the rate is ultimately controlled by enzymes and other proteins of complex structure and high molecular weight. the needed formalism can be placed in one-to-one correspondence with appropriate electrical and mechanical networks. an enzyme molecule has zwitter ions anchored in the polypeptide chain, which enable it to distort the substrat ...	1981	6946491
[inhibitory analysis of the luminescent electron transport chain of photobacterium fischeri].	the quenching of luminescence of bacterial luciferase from photobacterium fischeri by non-specific electron acceptors and inhibitors of dehydrogenases was studied. the inhibition of the luminescent reaction obeys the non-competitive mechanism with nadh, fmn and aliphatic aldehyde. the inhibitors compete with cytochrome c for nadh -- cytochrome c oxido-reductase. it is concluded that lumiredoxin, a fes-containing protein, is the most sensitive component of the luminescent electron transport chain ...	1981	7248374
[inhibition of bacterial luminescence by cytochrome p-450 substrates].	the mechanisms of luminescence quenching by various drugs, e.g. dimethylaniline, ethylmorphine, hexobarbital and aminopyrine, which are effective inhibitors of luminescence both in intact cells and in bacterial luciferase, were studied. it was shown that the inhibition of luminescence occurs due to competition of the bacterial luminescence system substrate--aliphatic aldehyde in cytochrome p-450. the functional similarity of the bacterial luminescence system to the microsomal hydroxylation syste ...	1981	7248381
use of the luminescent bacterial system for the rapid assessment of aquatic toxicity.	a simple and reliable method for monitoring the toxicity of aquatic samples has been developed. the assay is based on changes in the light output of luminescent bacteria, as measured by a temperature controlled photometric device. the new assay method described here correlates well with other bioassays yet requires less than thirty minutes to obtain a complete reportable assay. the assay system is an instrumental approach in which the bioassay organisms are handled like a chemical reagent. data ...	1981	7251338
dna-damaging agents and dna-synthesis inhibitors induce luminescence in dark variants of luminous bacteria.	the dna-damaging agents mitomycin c and uv irradiation, as well as the dna-synthesis inhibitors nalidixic acid, novobiocin and coumermycin, induce the de novo synthesis of luciferase and in vivo luminescence in dark variant cells of the luminous bacteria photobacterium leiognathi. mitomycin c and nalidixic acid also cause the induction of luminescence in wild-type cells in the absence of its natural inducer. in spite of the high level of in vivo luminescence of the treated dark-variant cells, no ...	1981	7290100
fatty acid reductase in bioluminescent bacteria. resolution from aldehyde reductases and characterization of the aldehyde product.	fatty acid reductase from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum, has been partially purified free of aldehyde reductase activity and with a low endogenous fatty acid content permitting the characterization of the aldehyde product of the reaction. two aldehyde reductases, both dependent on nadh, were separated by anion-exchange chromatography from the fatty acid reductase activity. the partially purified fatty acid reductase catalyzed the synthesis exclusively of long chain alde ...	1981	7296339
a membrane-covered photobacterium probe for oxygen measurements in the nanomolar range.		1981	7304978
[pyruvic acid formation by the luminescent bacterium photobacterium mandapamensis].		1981	7321908
chemistry and biochemistry of superoxide dismutases.	the univalent reduction of oxygen to the superoxide radical is a commonplace event in biological systems, and the superoxide dismutases, which catalytically scavenge this radical, are the primary defence against its potential cytotoxicity. the superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide, can interact to generate the hydroxyl radical. superoxide dismutases are metalloenzymes that can prevent the generation of hydroxyl radical by keeping the level of superoxide radical vanishingly low. superoxide dis ...	1981	7343318
adjuvant effect of photobacterium phosphoreum pj-1 on humoral immune response of ddy mice to sheep erythrocytes.		1981	7349282
taxonomy and description of vibrio fluvialis sp. nov. (synonym group f vibrios, group ef6).		1981	6971864
[lipids of the luminescent bacteria photobacterium mandapamensis].	the composition of lipids was studied in the luminescent bacterium photobacterium mandapamensis under the conditions of maximal luminescence. the synthesis of total lipids and poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (phba) was investigated in dynamics under the conditions of batch cultivation. the major class of lipids was polar lipids (84.3%) represented by phospholipids (phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, cardiolipin, lysocardiolipin, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine) and a minor nonidentifi ...	1981	7219224
[bacterial luciferase in reactions with catalytically reduced flavin mononucleotide].		1981	7225439
structural identification of autoinducer of photobacterium fischeri luciferase.	synthesis of bacterial luciferase in some strains of luminous bacteria requires a threshold concentration of an autoinducer synthesized by the bacteria and excreted into the medium. autoinducer excreted by photobacterium fischeri strain mj-1 was isolated from the cell-free medium by extraction with ethyl acetate, evaporation of solvent, workup with ethanol-water mixtures, and silica gel chromatography, followed by normal-phase and then reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. the fi ...	1981	7236614
fluorescence emission spectra of cells and subcellular preparations of a green photosynthetic bacterium. effects of dithionite on the intensity of the emission bands.	fluorescence emission spectra were measured of intact cells and subcellular preparations of the green photosynthetic bacterium prosthecochloris aestuarii in the presence and in the absence of dithionite. a 3--5-fold increase in bacteriochlorophyll a fluorescence at 816 nm occurred upon addition of dithionite in a membrane vesicle preparation (complex i), in a photochemically active pigment-protein complex and in a bacteriochlorophyll a protein complex free from reaction centers. the pigment-prot ...	1980	7236635
[isolation and purification of bacterial luciferase from photobacterium fischeri for analytical purposes].	a procedure resulting in a highly purified preparation of bacterial luciferase with a high specific activity towards fmnh2 and nadh was developed. using sds-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, it was shown that the enzyme has a subunit composition and that its monomers do not contain the luciferase activity. the use of the obtained preparation for determining the content of nadh and fmn by the bioluminescent method allowed to increase its sensitivity up to 10(-18) and 10(-17) moles, respectiv ...	1980	7248358
bioluminescence from single bacterial cells exhibits no oscillation.	since the usual measurements of light emission from marine bacteria involve many (10(6)-10(10)) cells, the question has often been raised as to whether or not the individual cell's luminescence is truly continuous. to investigate this question, we assembled a sensitive photo-counting system with computerized data acquisition. several luminous species were studied: beneckea harveyi, photobacterium belozerskii, p. fischeri, and p. leiognathi. isolated single cells gave count rates ranging from 2 t ...	1980	6973368
a new, sensitive and simple bioluminescence test for mutagenic compounds.	a spontaneous dark variant of the luminous bacterium photobacterium leiognathi was isolated. the reversion frequency of this variant to genetic-hereditary luminescent cells is greatly increased by nanogram quantities of different base-substitution and frameshift agents. this makes it possible to detect mutagenic compounds at concentrations 100 times lower than that detected by the ames test. curing agents, such as acridine dyes, ethidium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate, are also very active i ...	1980	6990233
[effect of amino acids on the luminescent system induction in photobacterium belozerskii].	variations in the intensity of luminescence of photobacterium belozerskii grown on different media were studied. in the course of growth the luminescence intensity changed by 2 to 4 orders of magnitude, depending on the nutrient medium used. exogenous myristic aldehyde added to the bacterial suspension at the time of luminescence measurement decreased the intensity to a degree, which was essentially independent from the initial level. the onset of an increase in the luminescence intensity depend ...	1980	7384006
[electron transport systems of photobacterium fischeri].	the composition of cytochromes was studied in photobacterium fischeri 6 at different growth phases and under various conditions of cultivation. the electron transport chains of the bacterium are characterized by the presence of cytochromes b and c types. the terminal oxidases are cytochromes o, a2+a1 and p-450. the hemoprotein p-450 functions as a mixed function oxidase. the qualitative composition of cytochromes does not depend on the growth phase of the bacterium but does on the conditions of ...	1980	7402117
lumazine protein from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum. purification and characterization.	lumazine protein, a novel protein containing 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine as a bound prosthetic group, is one of the several major proteins produced by the bioluminescent bacteria, photobacterium phosphoreum. purification to complete homogeneity from cell extracts is achieved in six steps. lumazine protein is a near spherical, monomeric protein of average molecular weight 20,000; in amino acid composition it is acidic with two isoelectric isomers, pi 4.9 and 5.0, and is hydrophilic (974 cal/re ...	1980	7410396
[cytochromes of the luminescent bacterium, photobacterium fischeri, their solubilization and relationship to luminescence].	the hemoprotein composition of the luminescent bacterium photobacterium fischeri was studied, in particular, the distribution of cytochromes among the bacterial fractions, viz. cell-free extract, supernatant, "particles", protein preparation. the hemochromogenic analysis has shown that the principal hemoproteins of photobacterium fischeri are cytochromes, with hemes of the b and c type. the activity of luciferase is distributed with hemoproteins. the purified preparation of luciferase contains c ...	1980	7412614
[luciferase synthesis regulation in photobacterium mandapamensis].	the synthesis of luciferase and the dynamics of luminescence were studied in the course of batch cultivation of the strain 54-k obtained from the wild strain of photobacterium mandapamensis after numerous passages. luciferase synthesis bvy the strain was not sensitive to the inhibitor contained in the growth medium and did not require the accumulation of an "audoinductor". since the intensity of luminescence and the content of luciferase per cell did change, the bacterium seemed to possess an ad ...	1980	7412616
lumazine protein from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum. a fluorescence study of the protein-ligand equilibrium.	the changes of fluorescence spectral distribution, polarization, and lifetime of the lumazine protein from photobacterium phosphoreum can be interpreted in terms of an equilibrium between the protein and its dissociated prosthetic group 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1'-d-ribityl)lumazine. the equilibrium is rapidly attained, 1:1, and kd is 5 x 10(-8) m (4 degrees c, ph 7, 67 mm phosphate). a change in solution conditions like an increase in temperature or dilution or a decrease in ph or ionic strength favors ...	1980	7417412
bioluminescence and cell growth of photobacterium phosphoreum.	the bioluminescence activity of photobacterium phosphoreum was compared at different times after cell division by the methods of density gradient centrifugation and synchronous culture. the bioluminescence intensity per cell mass increased linearly at a rate of 1.5 times per doubling time. the luciferase system in the cell is continuously activated during growth, independent of cell division.	1980	7419524
protein-ligand interactions in lumazine protein and in desulfovibrio flavodoxins from resonance coherent anti-stokes raman spectra.	the resonance coherent anti-stokes raman technique was used to obtain vibrational spectra of flavin in flavodoxins from desulfovibrio gigas and desulfovibrio vulgaris and of the simpler 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine chromophore in the blue fluorescence lumazine protein from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum. in the region examined, 1100-1700 cm-1, the raman spectrum of the lumazine is less crowded than that of the flavin and this facilitates assignment of observed frequenc ...	1980	7426621
co-induction of fatty acid reductase and luciferase during development of bacterial bioluminescence.	the luminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum has been shown to possess a fatty acid reductase based on the stimulation of the aldehyde-dependent luminescent reaction on incubation of the enzyme with atp, nadph, and tetradecanoic acid (riendeau, d., and meighen, e. (1979) j. biol. chem. 254, 7488-7490). a direct, luciferase-independent assay for the fatty acid reductase has now been developed using [3h]tetradecanoic acid as substrate and thin layer chromatography to separate and identify ...	1980	7440587
photokinetic microanalysis of nadp+, using bacterial luciferase.	bioluminescence photokinetic assay of nadp+ is described, using the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction for conversion to its reduced form and subsequent measurement of this with luciferase extracts of vibria fisherii. the analyses were applied to the determination of the activity of minute amounts of glutathione reductase using nadp+ as measurable product and for nucleotide assay in cell samples of 0.5--10 microgram dry weight. the sensitivity was sufficient for determining 0.5 picomoles ...	1980	7442656
formation of hybrid luciferases from subunits of different species of photobacterium.	enzyme divergence within three species of the genus photobacterium (p. fischeri, p. leiognathi, and p. phosphoreum) was studied by comparing the catalytic characteristics and quaternary interactions of bacterial luciferases isolated from each species. each luciferase was composed of two subunits of different molecular weights as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. subunits were isolated in quantity by deae-sephadex gel filtration in 7 m urea. isolated subuni ...	1980	7459320
the effects of phosphate on the structure and stability of the luciferases from beneckea harveyi, photobacterium fischeri, and photobacterium phosphoreum.		1980	6967319
complementation of subunits from different bacterial luciferases. evidence for the role of the beta subunit in the bioluminescent mechanism.	complementation of the nonidentical subunits (alpha and beta) of luciferases isolated from two different bioluminescent strains, beneckea harveyi and photobacterium phosphoreum, has resulted in the formation of a functional hybrid luciferase (alpha h beta p) containing the alpha subunit from b. harveyi luciferase (alpha h) and the beta subunit from p. phosphoreum luciferase (beta p). the complementation was unidirectional; activity could not be restored by complementing the alpha subunit of p. p ...	1980	6969259
[fatty acid makeup changes in the luminescent bacteria, photobacterium mandapamensis, in periodic cultivation].	the fatty acid composition of the luminescent bacterium photobacterium mandapamensis and its spontaneous dark mutant was studied in dynamics. lipids of the both strains extracted with a methanol -- chloroform mixture contained the following fatty acids: lauric, tridecanoic, myristic, tetradecenic, pentadecanoic, pentadecenic, palmitic, palmitoleic, heptadecanoic, c17-cyclopropanoic, stearic, octadecenic, and nonadecanoic. the content of palmitoleic acid was the highest (57% of the total). not al ...	1980	7207260
[synthetic medium for photobacterium mandapamensis luminescent bacteria].		1980	7207266
[mechanism of action of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene on bacterial luminescence in vitro].	2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (dnfb) changes the parameters of the bioluminescent reaction involving two enzymes, i.e. nadh: fmn-oxidoreductase and luciferase, by decreasing the maximal intensity of luminescence and increasing the time of maximal intensity. modification of the proteins does not affect the changes of the reaction parameters. the effects of dnfb on each one of the reactions, i.e. reduction of fnm and light emission, were studied. dnfb does not inhibit the reaction of fmn reduction. it ...	1980	7213855
[effect of camp on the growth and development of luminescence in photobacterium belozerskii].	the effect of camp on the parameters characterizing the development of luminescence in photobacterium belozerskii is discussed. an addition of camp to the culture medium shortened the latent time of luminescence development by 3--6 hours. the intensity of bacterial luminescence increased with a varying rate. during luminescence enhancement the rate of luciferase synthesis increased by a factor of 10 to 10(3). the rate of luciferase synthesis and the maxiumum level of bacterial luminescence when ...	1980	6253982
superoxide dismutases.	superoxide dismutases (ec 1.15.1.1) are metalloenzymes that catalytically scavenge the superoxide radical. they are essential for the aerobic survival of all forms of life. there are three types of superoxide dismutase, containing manganese, iron, or copper and zinc. the copper--zinc type has generally been isolated from eukaryotic cells except for the enzyme for the symbiotic marine bacterium photobacterium leiognathi. the copper--zinc type, from different sources, has a molecular weight of abo ...	1980	6258885
proteolytic inactivation of luciferases from three species of luminous marine bacteria, beneckea harveyi, photobacterium fischeri, and photobacterium phosphoreum: evidence of a conserved structural feature.	upon limited proteolysis of luciferases from the luminous marine bacteria photobacterium fischeri, photobacterium phosphoreum, and beneckea harveyi, the rate of loss of luciferase activity is the same as the rate of loss of the heavier subunit of all three enzymes. it thus appears that the larger subunit of the luciferase from p. phosphoreum should be designated alpha based on its apparent homology with the alpha subunits of the luciferases from b. harveyi and p. fischeri. the luciferase from b. ...	1980	6161366
bacterial origin of luminescence in marine animals.	bacterial luciferase activity was detected in light organ extracts of squids, fishes, and pyrosomes, suggesting that these systems are derived from bacteria-animal symbioses. in none of these cases was it possible to culture luminouis bacteria. analyses of the decay kinetics show that the luciferases from the squid, ceratioid, and pyrosome light organs are all similar to bacterial luciferases from the genus photobacterium, while those from the anomalopid light organs are different.	1980	17830813
planktonic marine luminous bacteria: species distribution in the water column.	luminous bacteria were isolated from oceanic water samples taken throughout the upper 1,000 m and ranged in density from 0.4 to 30 colony-forming units per 100 ml. generally, two peaks in abundance were detected: one in the upper 100 m of the water column, which consisted primarily of beneckea spp.; and a second between 250 and 1,000 m, which consisted almost entirely of photobacterium phosphoreum. the population of p. phosphoreum remained relatively stable in abundance at one station that was v ...	1980	16345502
distribution and identification of luminous bacteria from the sargasso sea.	vibrio fischeri and lucibacterium harveyi constituted 75 of the 83 luminous bacteria isolated from sargasso sea surface waters. photobacterium leiognathi and photobacterium phosphoreum constituted the remainder of the isolates. luminescent bacteria were recovered at concentrations of 1 to 63 cells per 100 ml from water samples collected at depths of 160 to 320 m. two water samples collected at the thermocline yielded larger numbers of viable, aerobic heterotrophic and luminous bacteria. luminesc ...	1980	16345575
species composition and barotolerance of gut microflora of deep-sea benthic macrofauna collected at various depths in the atlantic ocean.	the bacterial flora of marine animals collected at depths of 570 to 2,446 m was examined for population size and generic composition, and the barotolerant characteristics of selected bacterial isolates were determined. total numbers of culturable, aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria were found to be low in animals collected at the greatest ocean depths sampled in this study. vibrio spp. were predominant in 10 of 15 samples examined, and photobacterium spp. and yeasts were the major components of the ...	1980	16345648
seasonal and geographic distribution of luminous bacteria in the eastern mediterranean sea and the gulf of elat.	luminous bacteria in the mediterranean sea and the gulf of aqaba-elat have different distribution patterns. in the mediterranean sea, beneckea harveyi is present all year round, with different subtypes alternating in summer and winter; photobacterium fischeri was only present during the winter. in the gulf of elat, p. leiognathi is present throughout the water column in similar densities during the entire year. this constancy in distribution is presumably due to the near-constancy in water tempe ...	1979	16345404
luminous enteric bacteria of marine fishes: a study of their distribution, densities, and dispersion.	three taxa of luminous bacteria (photobacterium fischeri, p. phosphoreum, and beneckea spp.) were found in the enteric microbial populations of 22 species of surface- and midwater-dwelling fishes. these bacteria often occurred in concentrations ranging between 10 and 10 colony-forming units per ml of enteric contents. by using a genetically marked strain, it was determined that luminous cells entering the fish during ingestion of seawater or contaminated particles traversed the alimentary tract ...	1979	16345429
physiological characteristics underlying the distribution patterns of luminous bacteria in the mediterranean sea and the gulf of elat.	physiological characteristics of luminous bacteria isolated from the mediterranean and gulf of elat were compared to determine their relationship to the specific seasonal and geographic distribution patterns of these bacteria. the effects of temperature on growth rate and yield, relative sensitivity to photooxidation, resistance to high salt concentration (8%), and ability to grow in nutrient-poor conditions appear to control these patterns. the winter appearance of photobacterium fischeri and t ...	1979	16345442
separation and structure of the prosthetic group of the blue fluorescence protein from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum.	the highly fluorescent prosthetic group of the blue fluorescence protein purified from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum has been dissociated and separated from its apoprotein by affinity chromatography on cibacron blue-sepharose. it has been identified as 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1'-d-ribityl)lumazine by several methods of characterization, all of which gave results identical to those for an authentic sample. in neutral solution, absorption maxima are at 407, 275 (shoulder), and 25 ...	1979	16592674
covalent structure of subunits of bacterial luciferase: nh2-terminal sequence demonstrates subunit homology.	the heterodimeric subunit structure of bacterial luciferase was demonstrated more than 10 years ago. the enzymes from both beneckea harveyi and photobacterium fischeri have since been studied in detail; they each consist of two nonidentical subunits, designated alpha and beta. both are required for bioluminescence activity, with the active center apparently confined to the alpha subunit. amino acid sequence analysis of the nh2 termini of the alpha and beta subunits of the b. harveyi and p. fisch ...	1979	315557
applications of bio- and chemiluminescence in the clinical laboratory.		1979	380839
interaction of the mannosephilic lectins of pseudomonas aeruginosa with luminous species of marine enterobacteria.	the marine bacteria beneckea harveyi and photobacterium leiognathi were shown to bear mannose-containing binding sites for the mannosephilic lectins of pseudomonas aeruginosa and concanavalin a (con a). the interaction between the lectins and the marine bacteria was demonstrated by the bacteriagglutination test, by adsorption of the lectins onto the bacteria and by mannose-specific peroxidase-binding to the lectin-coated bacteria. treatment of the bacteria with formaldehyde, phenol, ethanol or b ...	1979	120927
luminescence in clinical analysis.		1979	231928
kinetic studies on the mechanism of bacterial nad(p)h:flavin oxidoreductase.		1979	222213
biosynthesis of aliphatic aldehydes for the bacterial bioluminescent reaction: stimulation by atp and nadph.		1979	223549
high molecular weight blue fluorescence protein from the bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium fischeri.		1979	435324
the terminal oxidase of photobacterium phosphoreum. a novel cytochrome.	the terminal oxidase of photobacterium phosphoreum has been purified to the electrophoretically homogeneous state and some of its properties have been studied. the enzyme catalyses oxidation of ascorbate in the presence of phenazine methosulphate or n,n,n',n'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine. the reaction is inhibited by cyanide. nitrite at comparatively high concentrations inhibits the enzyme, but the enzyme does not catalyse nitrite reduction with ascorbate plus the electron mediator as the elec ...	1979	465487
[genetic studies of photobacterium mandapamensis. ii. the classification of mutants with an altered luminescence intensity according to their sensitivity to exogenous aldehyde].	the collection of 157 dark and dim photobacterium mandapamensis strains was divided into four groups using the addition of 0.2 ml of 0.15% myristis aldehyde to cell suspension. the luminescence did not change in the presence of the aldehyde in 76 mutants, it decreased in 30 mutants, it was 2--8-fold increased in 35 mutants, and it was increased more than 10-fold in 16 mutant strains. 19 strains of those having luminescence in the presence of the aldehyde have mutations in genes controlling the b ...	1979	488711
[determination of trace amounts of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene by a bioluminescence method].		1979	508879
[ultrastructural organization of marine luminescent bacteria and their mutants].	the aim of this work was to study the submicroscopic organization of luminescent bacteria belonging to the genera photobacterium and lucibacterium as well as that of their "dark" mutants incapable of luminescence. the ultrastructural organization of all studied bacteria is typical of gram-negative species. the luminescent bacteria are characterized by the presence, in their cytoplasm, of osmophilic formations 22--110 nm in size. the cells of "dark" mutants accumulate volutin and contain complex ...	1979	530133
evidence for a fatty acid reductase catalyzing the synthesis of aldehydes for the bacterial bioluminescent reaction. resolution from luciferase and dependence on fatty acids.	the enzyme responsible for the stimulation by atp and nadph of light emission catalyzed by bacterial luciferase has been partially purified from extracts of the luminescent bacterium, photobacterium phosphoreum. the stimulatory activity was found to be stabilized by high concentrations of mercaptoethanol, permitting it to be separated from luciferase into an active and stable form and enabling further characterization of its functional properties. the activity of the enzyme was shown to be depen ...	1979	572825
separation of a blue fluorescence protein from bacterial luciferase.		1978	623648
studies on luciferase from photobacterium phosphoreum. x. heat of formation of the intermediate in the bioluminescent reaction studied by stopped-flow calorimetry.	the heat production in the reaction of luciferase-fmnh2 complex with o2 in the absence of aldehyde was measured by stopped-flow calorimetry. deltah of the reaction, luciferase-fmnh2+ o2 leads to intermediate x1, is -1.3 x 10(2) kj.mol-1 and the calculated deltas for the reaction is -180 j.mol-1.k-1 at 20 degrees c. the heat production in the bioluminescent reaction was also measured in the presence of a saturating concentration of aldehyde, and it was estimated that 43 and 79% of the c10 and c13 ...	1978	659382
[luminescence and growth of photobacterium mandapamensis in periodic culture].	the luminescent photobacterium mandapamensis, strain 54 (the collection of the institute of physics, siberian branch of the ussr academy of sciences), was isolated from the water of the pacific ocean in the equatorial zone and studied in the course of periodic cultivation. the dynamics of changes in the main parameters of the culture, such as luminescence, growth, respiration, heat emission etc., was investigated. the data obtained were used to establish a correlation between changes in these pa ...	1978	713875
properties and kinetics of salt activation of a membrane-bound nadh dehydrogenase from a marine bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum.	a membrane-bound nadh dehydrogenase, solubilized and partially purified from a marine bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum, contains fad as the prosthetic group, and is specific for nadh. ferricyanide, various other redox dyes and cytochrome c can act as electron acceptors. the enzymatic activity when assayed with electron acceptors other than cytochrome c, is activated by monovalent cations (na+ and k+) and deactivated by high concentrations of monovalent anions (scn-, no3-, and cl-) but not by ...	1978	721793
sensitive oxygen assay method by luminous bacteria.		1978	732582
[isolation of bacterial luminescence reaction inhibitor from photobacterium sp. cells].	the factor having a strong inhibitory effect on bacterial luminescence was isolated from the luminous bacteria species photobacterium sp. the inhibitor purified by gel filtration on the biogel and by deae chromatography was homogenous (single bound during electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel), it reacted with coomassie brilliant blue and gave a positive lowry reaction on protein. molecular weight was about 30,000 as determined by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the absorption spectrum w ...	1978	737225
studies on luciferase from photobacterium phosphoreum. xi. interaction of 8-substituted fmnh2 with luciferase.	the interaction of bacterial luciferase from photobacterium phosphoreum with reduced flavin was investigated using various 8-substituted fmnh2 analogs. flavins tested were fmnh2 and fmnh2 substituted at the 8 position with ho-, ch3o-, c2h5o-, cl-, br-, i-, h2n-, (ch3)hn-, and (ch3)2n. 8-ch30-, c2h5o-, cl-, and br-fmnh2 showed luminescent activity in the luciferase reaction with emission peaks at various wavelengths. 8-ho- and i-fmnh2 were competitive inhibitors toward fmnh2 in the luminescent re ...	1978	738995
superoxide dismutases: defence against endogenous superoxide radical.	attempts to measure the rate of o2- production, in whole cells or in intact subcellular organelles, are frustrated by the endogenous superoxide dismutase (sod). streptococcus faecalis contains a single manganese-sod which was isolated and used as an antigen in the rabbit. a precipitating and inhibiting antibody was obtained and used to suppress the sod in crude lysates of s. faecalis. it allowed the demonstration that 17% of the total oxygen uptake by such lysates, in the presence of nadh, was a ...	1978	225147
activity and stability of the luciferase--flavin intermediate.	a luciferase intermediate in the bacterial bioluminescence system, which is formed by reaction of enzyme with reduced flavin mononucleotide (fmnh2) and oxygen, is shown to emit light with added aldehyde under anaerobic conditions. the reaction with oxygen is thus effectively irreversible under the conditions used. the flavin chromophore has an absorption maximum at about 370 nm and the potential activity (bioluminescence yield) in the further reaction of the isolated intermediate with aldehyde i ...	1978	306832
electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of myeloperoxidase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes.		1978	202508
myristic acid stimulation of bacterial bioluminescence in "aldehyde" mutants.	the involvement of long chain aldehyde in bacterial luminescence was known both from its being required for light emission in the in vitro reaction with pure luciferase and from its ability to stimulate luminescence in vivo in a certain class of dark "aldehyde" mutants. we have found that the luminescence of some (but not all) of such aldehyde mutants is also stimulated by long chain aliphatic fatty acids, with a marked specificity for myristic (tetradecanoic) acid. this stimulation has been dem ...	1978	24214
isolation of the in vivo emitter in bacterial bioluminescence.	a blue fluorescence protein has been isolated and purified from extracts of the luminous bacterium photobacterium phosphoreum. it is a single polypeptide of molecular weight 22,000 with absorption maxima at 274 and 418 nm. it is efficiently fluorescent (varphi(f) 0.45), with a fully corrected spectral maximum (476 nm) and distribution identical to the in vivo bioluminescence from this same type of bacterium. at low concentration this fluorescence shifts towards the red and becomes identical to t ...	1978	16592497
a pulse-radiolysis study of the catalytic mechanism of the iron-containing superoxide dismutase from photobacterium leiognathi.	the mechanism of the enzymic reaction of an iron-containing superoxide dismutase purified from the marine bacterium photobacterium leiognathi was studied by using pulse radiolysis. measurements of activity were done with two different preparations of enzyme containing either 1.6 or 1.15 g-atom of iron/mol. in both cases, identical values of the second-order rate constant for reaction between superoxide dismutase and the superoxide ion in the ph range 6.2-9.0 (k=5.5 x 10(8) m-1-s-1 at ph 8.0) wer ...	1977	15540
bacterial bioluminescence.		1977	199107
pyruvate production and excretion by the luminous marine bacteria.	during aerobic growth on glucose, several species of luminous marine bacteria exhibited an imcomplete oxidative catabolism of substrate. pyruvate, one of the products of glucose metabolism, was excreted into the medium during exponential growth and accounted for up to 50% of the substrate carbon metabolized. when glucose was depleted from the medium, the excreted pyruvate was promptly utilized, demonstrating that the cells are capable of pyruvate catabolism. pyruvate excretion is not a general p ...	1977	303077
luminescence and respiratory activities of photobacterium phosphoreum. ii. control by monovalent cations.	luminescent activity of spheroplasts of the cells of photobacterium phosphoreum was stimulated by rb+ and k+ and inhibited by na+ in the medium. opposite effects of these ions were observed on the rate of o2 consumption of the spheroplasts through the cytochrome and luciferase electron transfer systems. in vitro activities of nadh-fmn reductase and luciferase were only slightly stimulated by rb+, k+, and na+, while na+ exhibited significant activation of the nadh-oxidizing activity of the cells. ...	1977	599151
control of luciferase synthesis in a newly isolated strain of photobacterium leiognathi.	in previous studies with luminous bacteria of all different species it has been reported that the synthesis of luciferase is autoinducible: during growth at low cell densities synthesis is effectively repressed while after induction, at higher cell densities, the rate of synthesis of enzyme is up to five times the growth rate. in this paper we report on newly isolated strains of photobacterium leiognathi which show continued luciferase synthesis irrespective of the cell density. the specific syn ...	1977	603341
an experimental model of the krogh tissue cylinder: two dimensional quantitation of the oxygen gradient.		1977	613755
autoinduction of bacterial luciferase. occurrence, mechanism and significance.	the synthesis of the luminous system of the marine luminous bacterium photobacterium fischeri is subject to a complex, self-regulated control system called autoinduction. the bacteria produce an autoinducer which accumulates in the medium at a constant rate (as a function of cell growth). when autoinducer reaches a critical concentration it stimulates, at the level of transcription, the synthesis of the luminous system. autoinduction is thus viewed as an environmental sensing mechanism, which cu ...	1977	843170