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the effect of exposure to impulse x rays on normal and epileptic activity in rabbit brain.exposure to x rays (20 impulses of 4 hz frequency, total dose 0.6-1.1 mgy) increased the epileptic activity of a focal area, which was produced in the visual cortex of rabbit brain by freezing with liquid nitrogen, and by stimulating with flashes of light at frequencies of 5-6 hz. the number of seizure complexes during photostimulation for 5 s increased by 80% compared with the initial level, and this effect continued for 15 min. in control animals (with no epileptic foci), a decrease was observ ...19911797142
the effect of exposure to impulse x rays on normal and epileptic activity in rabbit brain.exposure to x rays (20 impulses of 4 hz frequency, total dose 0.6-1.1 mgy) increased the epileptic activity of a focal area, which was produced in the visual cortex of rabbit brain by freezing with liquid nitrogen, and by stimulating with flashes of light at frequencies of 5-6 hz. the number of seizure complexes during photostimulation for 5 s increased by 80% compared with the initial level, and this effect continued for 15 min. in control animals (with no epileptic foci), a decrease was observ ...19911797142
in vitro susceptibilities of edwardsiella tarda to 22 antibiotics and antibiotic-beta-lactamase-inhibitor agents.the in vitro susceptibilities of 22 isolates of edwardsiella tarda were studied with 22 antibiotics and antibiotic-beta-lactamase-inhibitor agents. results indicated that all isolates were susceptible to the aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, penicillins, imipenem, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, and antibiotic-beta-lactamase-inhibitor agents. each strain produced a beta-lactamase even though no resistance was detected to the beta-lactams.19911873976
health status of salmonids in river systems in natal. iii. isolation and identification of bacteria.both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria were isolated from fish, both salmonid and non-salmonid, from selected river systems in natal. pasteurella pisicida was isolated for the first time from fish in south africa. the isolation of yersinia ruckeri, aeromonas salmonicida, and edwardsiella tarda were recorded for the first time from fish in natal. a. hydrophila and flexibacter columnaris were found to be widespread throughout the river systems in natal. the streptococcus species which caused ...19911881658
antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects of betel leaf extract against the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(n-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk).earlier studies showed that betel leaf inhibits the mutagenic action of standard mutagens like benzo[a]pyrene and dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. since tobacco-specific nitrosamines are the major carcinogens present in unburnt forms of tobacco, we studied the effect of an extract of betel leaf on the mutagenic and carcinogenic actions of one of the most potent, 4-(n-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk). betel-leaf extract and hydroxychavicol suppressed the mutagenicity of nnk in both th ...19911855909
edwardsiella tarda: a causative agent in human infections.in a retrospective study 45 specimens of e. tarda infection from 44 adult cases at songklanagarind hospital during february 1982 to march 1989 were reviewed. there were 24 males and 20 females, with a mean age of 48.20 years. nearly all of e. tarda were isolated from extraintestinal sources, especially pus and urine and most of them were subsequently found to be nosocomial-acquired infections. about half were polomicrobial infections of e. tarda and gram negative bacilli. forty one patients were ...19911948259
new relief for menstrual discomfort. 1991257720
lack of benefit of ursodeoxycholic acid in drug-induced cholestasis in the rat.the administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (udca) has been reported to improve cholestasis in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis or sclerosing cholangitis. in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that udca similarly might reduce cholestasis induced by drugs. rats were treated with three different drugs reported to induce cholestasis: 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol, alpha-napthylisothiocyanate, and cyclosporine a. udca administration (0.4.g/day-1.k-1 before and during administration of the ...19921570353
successful medical management of a patient with multiple hepatic abscesses due to edwardsiella tarda.isolation of edwardsiella tarda in humans has been associated with an asymptomatic carrier state as well as mild, self-limited diarrheal illness. extraintestinal manifestations have included soft-tissue infections, meningitis, osteomyelitis, cholangitis, and sepsis. only three cases of patients who had documented hepatic abscess due to e. tarda have been reported in the english-language literature; two patients died, and the third required a laparotomy and drainage. we report what is, to our kno ...19921571414
inhibition of elevated hepatic glutathione abolishes copper deficiency cholesterolemia.dietary copper deficiency causes hypercholesterolemia and increased hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme a (mhg-coa) reductase activity and increased hepatic glutathione (gsh) in rats. we hypothesized that inhibition of gsh production by l-buthionine sulfoximine (bso), a specific gsh synthesis inhibitor, would abolish the cholesterolemia and increased hmg-coa reductase activity of copper deficiency. in two experiments, two groups of 20 weanling male rats were fed diets providing 0.4 and ...19921563598
infection with edwardsiella tarda related to a vascular prosthesis. 19921554858
classification of strains of pragia fontium, budvicia aquatica and of leminorella by whole-cell protein pattern.sds page protein patterns of 37 h2s-positive strains of species belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae including the genera budvicia (11 strains) and leminorella (l. grimontii--3 strains, l. richardii--4 strains) were compared with 10 strains of species pragia fontium. all strains under study form well separated clusters with overall similarity c = .49. clusters are separated in the range of c = .68-.83. they display high homogeneity, only one strain of edwardsiella tarda clusters with budvi ...19921512457
a puncture wound complicated by infection with edwardsiella tarda. 19921361947
infections associated with the genus edwardsiella: the role of edwardsiella tarda in human disease.the role of the genus edwardsiella in human illness is reviewed. of the three recognized species, only edwardsiella tarda has been demonstrated to be pathogenic for humans. chief infections associated with this species include bacterial gastroenteritis, wound infections such as cellulitis or gas gangrene associated with trauma to mucosal surfaces, and systemic disease such as septicemia, meningitis, cholecystitis, and osteomyelitis. risk factors that are associated with e. tarda infections inclu ...19938268359
expression of an iron-regulated hemolysin by edwardsiella tarda.the ability of edwardsiella tarda to hemolyse red blood cells was investigated. most e. tarda strains (> 80%) produced a hemolysin when assayed by either an agar overlay or contact-dependent hemolysis technique. this activity was cell-associated (cah) and not released into the culture supernatant under routine conditions. when quantified, e. tarda strains significantly produced 30-40-fold higher levels of hemolytic activity against guinea pig, sheep, or rabbit erythrocytes than either e. hoshina ...19938405937
comparison of antimicrobial susceptibility, beta-lactamase production, plasmid analysis and serum bactericidal activity in edwardsiella tarda, e. ictaluri and e. hoshinae.antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of clinical and environmental isolates of edwardsiella demonstrate that the three species are susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics. all strains were susceptible to two quinolones tested and to gentamicin and doxycycline. e. tarda and e. hoshinae were resistant to clindamycin, whereas e. ictaluri was moderately susceptible. beta-lactamase was produced by all strains of e. tarda, but not by e. hoshinae or e. ictaluri. a 54-kb plasmid was detected in six of 1 ...19938411088
sucrose-positive edwardsiella tarda mimicking a biogroup 1 strain isolated from a patient with cholelithiasis.an unusual strain of edwardsiella tarda mimicking a biogroup 1 isolate was recovered in a mixed infection from a woman suffering from cholelithiasis. rare biochemical characteristics (e.g., h2s negativity) originally detected were related to an unusual biochemical property in this species, sucrose fermentation; other points of interest regarding this strain included the site of isolation (bile) and the failure of this isolate to produce many of the in vitro virulence markers associated with e. t ...19938417023
an epizootic of edwardsiella tarda in largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides).edwardsiella tarda, an opportunistic bacterial pathogen, was isolated from dying largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides) during an epizootic in a eutrophic lake system, lochloosa lake, florida, usa. approximately 1,500 adult fish died over a 6-wk period during the late summer and early fall of 1991. a mixed population of aerobic bacteria (e. tarda, aeromonas hydrophila, and pseudomonas sp.) was isolated from deep cutaneous ulcers and intestines of moribund bass. however, e. tarda in pure culture ...19938487385
a predisposition toward edwardsiella tarda bacteremia in individuals with preexisting liver disease. 19958527586
tuboovarian abscess caused by edwardsiella tarda.edwardsiella tarda infections are uncommon and have often been reported in association with pet reptiles. the majority of these infections occur as gastrointestinal disorders in immunocompromised hosts. we believe this to be the first reported american case of tuboovarian abscess caused by this organism in an otherwise healthy woman whose only known exposure was to raw seafood. this patient had fever and lower abdominal pain caused by a severe edwardsiella tarda pelvic abscess that required surg ...19957573282
suppression of cell-mediated immunity in hypothyroidism.a 71-year-old man had severe hypothyroidism, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and bacteremia due to edwardsiella tarda. review of the literature identified the hypothesis that e tarda infections may occur more frequently in immunocompromised patients. previous animal studies have shown decreases in lymphocyte function during hypothyroidism, with return of normal lymphocyte function during euthyroid states. therefore, lymphocyte transformation studies were obtained, demonstrating severe decreases ...19957886534
effect of oxytetracycline-medicated feed on antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacteria in catfish ponds.the effect of oxytetracycline-medicated feeds on antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria from fish intestines and water in catfish ponds was investigated. in experiments in the fall and spring, using ponds with no previous history of antibiotic usage, percentages of tetracycline-resistant bacteria in catfish intestines obtained from medicated ponds increased significantly after 10 days of treatment. in the fall, resistance of the intestinal and aquatic bacteria returned to pretreatment l ...19957793953
molecular cloning, characterization, and sequencing of the hemolysin gene from edwardsiella tarda.hemolysis is a major symptom of diseased eels infected by edwardsiella tarda. the hemolysin gene of e. tarda strain et16 was cloned into plasmid psk and expressed in escherichia coli. the mol. mass of the functional beta-hemolysin was estimated to be approximately 34 kda by gel filtration and by sds-page followed by in situ hemolysin activity analysis. the cloned fragment containing the beta-hemolysin locus from e. tarda strain et16 expressed in e. coli was estimated to be 5.3 kb in length; the ...19968639026
edwardsiella tarda septicaemia in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). 19968660188
[a fulminating case of edwardsiella tarda septicemia with necrotizing fasciitis].a 67-year-old japanese male, suffering from liver cirrhosis with hepatoma, was admitted to the yokohama national hospital because of ascites retention. on physical examination, his abdomen was massively distended with ascites and his lower extremities were edematous. laboratory findings on admission revealed hypoalbuminemia, moderate icterus, pancytopenia and hepatitis c virus antibody positivity. after admission, abdominal distention and edema were improved with the use of diuretics. on the 15t ...19968741715
toxigenicity of edwardsiella tarda isolates of fish and pig origin in experimental models.indian isolates of e. tarda from fish (7) and pigs (2) were examined for their enterotoxigenicity/cytotoxigenicity in rabbit ligated ileal loop (rlil), suckling mouse, rabbit skin and vero cell monolayers. cell free culture filtrates (cfcf) of isolates from fish and pigs, induced blood tinged fluid accumulation in rlil, increased vasopermeability in rabbit skin, and caused cytopathic effect in vero cells but could not induce fluid accumulation in suckling mouse. cfcfs lost their activity on heat ...19969246921
protective effect of lysozyme-galactomannan or lysozyme-palmitic acid conjugates against edwardsiella tarda infection in carp, cyprinus carpio l.the protective effect of lysozyme-galactomannan or lysozyme-palmitic acid conjugates orally administered to carp, cyprinus carpio l. was investigated using a virulent strain of gram-negative edwardsiella tarda isolated from an infected fish. lysozyme-galactomannan conjugate was prepared through controlled maillard reaction. lysozyme-palmitic acid conjugate was prepared through base-catalyzed ester exchange using n-hydroxysuccinimide ester of palmitic acid. the conjugates provided substantial pro ...19968925907
identification of tonb homologs in the family enterobacteriaceae and evidence for conservation of tonb-dependent energy transduction complexes.the transport of fe(iii)-siderophore complexes and vitamin b12 across the outer membrane of escherichia coli requires the tonb-dependent energy transduction system. a set of murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was generated against an e. coli trpc-tonb fusion protein to facilitate structure and function studies. in the present study, the epitopes recognized by these mabs were mapped, and their distribution in gram-negative organisms was examined. cross-species reactivity patterns obtained agains ...19968631714
plesiomonas shigelloides and sucrose-positive edwardsiella tarda bacteremia in a man with obstructive jaundice. 19968714276
[use of semi-solid diasalm medium for isolation of salmonella enteritidis].the diagnostic semi-solid salmonella agar (diasalm) was compared with two commercial semi-solid rappaport-vasiliadis media (msrv by oxoid and srva, basis by himedia) using 52 strains of salmonella and 10 strains of interfering gram-negative bacteria. the diagnostic potency for salmonellae was higher in diasalm than in msrv or srva. unlike the rappaport-vasiliadis media, diasalm contains a diagnostic system consisting of lactose, saccharose and bromocresol purple, allowing the differentiation of ...19968966968
edwardsiellosis in wild striped bass from the chesapeake bay.the first epizootic of edwardsiellosis, caused by edwardsiella tarda, is described. the epizootic occurred in the chesapeake bay, maryland (usa) during the summer and autumn of 1994, and affected wild adult striped bass (morone saxatilis). clinical signs included numerous irregular coalescing hemorrhagic ulcers on the body and fins that were distinctly malodorous. internally, the body cavity was filled with abundant yellowish or sanguinous mucoid fluid, and the visceral organs had multiple tiny ...19979249698
edwardsiella tarda bacteremia and septic arthritis in a patient with diabetes mellitus.edwardsiella tarda is an uncommon pathogen in the family enterobacteriaceae which usually infects patients with underlying diseases. its habitats include fresh water, a variety of animals and human feces. we report a case of e. tarda bacteremia and septic arthritis with underlying diabetes mellitus, the first found in thailand.19979561628
enhancement of the resistance of tilapia and grass carp to experimental aeromonas hydrophila and edwardsiella tarda infections by several polysaccharides.efficacies of eleven polysaccharides including bar (glycan extracted from barley), curdlan, dex (dextran sulfate), inulin, krestin, laminaran, levan, po (glycan extracted from pleurotus ostreatus), scleroglucan, yg (yeast glucan), and zymosan, in the protection of tilapia, tilapia aureus p., and grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idellus, against bacterial infections in vivo were examined. four glycans. namely, bar, krestin, scleroglucan, and zymosan were observed to significantly increase the surviva ...19979280393
an edwardsiella tarda strain containing a mutation in a gene with homology to shlb and hpmb is defective for entry into epithelial cells in culture.edwardsiella tarda is an enteric pathogen that causes diarrhea, wound infections, and death due to septicemia. this species is capable of invading human epithelial cell lines, and we have now been able to follow the entry and replication of e. tarda within tissue culture host cells. e. tarda escapes from the endocytic vacuole within minutes of entry and then replicates within the cytoplasm. unlike other well-studied bacteria that replicate and reside in the cytoplasm, we never observed this orga ...19979284172
successful treatment of edwardsiella tarda prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with aids. 19979356809
characterization and expression of c-type lysozyme cdna from japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus).lysozyme is a widely distributed enzyme located in the serum, skin mucus, and other organs of fish, which is responsible for catalyzing the hydrolysis of the cell walls of most bacteria. a c-type of lysozyme cdna was cloned from a kidney cdna library of the japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). the cdnas consisted of 612 bp, which coded for 143 amino acid residues. the deduced amino acid sequence of japanese flounder c-type lysozyme possessed 72.9%, 57.4%, and 65.4% identities with rainbow ...19979418289
[piperacillin/tazobactam in the treatment of abdominal sepsis in patients with peritonitis].piperacillin/tazobactam (p/t) was used in the treatment of 40 patients at the age of 22 to 64 years with intraabdominal infection (peritonitis, abscesses). p/t was administered as 30-minute intravenous infusions 4 or 3 times a day for 3 to 13 days. the recovery and improvement were stated in 80 and 10 per cent of the cases respectively. in 10 per cent of the patients the treatment failed because of surgical complications or insufficient surgical intervention or because of some other systemic dis ...19979124988
iron-regulated haemolysin gene from edwardsiella tarda.we have cloned and sequenced the haemolysin gene locus from edwardsiella tarda (eth). this region encoded two open reading frames, designated etha and ethb. etha is the haemolysin gene consisting of 4782bp encoding a product of 165.3 kda and ethb is an activation/secretion protein gene of 1677bp that encodes a product of 61.9 kda. there were two putative ferric uptake regulator (fur) binding sites on the 5' upstream region of the ethb gene overlapping the promoter region and ribosome-binding sit ...19979194711
[edwardsellia tarda septicemia in chronic lymphoid leukemia].edwardsiella tarda is a gram negative bacilli. at least 300 cases have been reported in the literature. here we report a new case of edwardsiella tarda septicemia in an immunocompromised patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. chief infections associated with this bacterium include bacterial gastroenteritis and septicemia with fatal evolution in 50% of cases. risk factors associated with edwardsiella tarda infections include exposure to aquatic environments and exotic animals. although studie ...19979161575
edwardsiella tarda septicemia with cellulitis in a patient with aids. 19979272398
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of aeromonas hydrophila serogroup o:19.an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been developed for the detection of aeromonas hydrophila serogroup o:19 isolated from epizootics in eels. the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specificity was confirmed after testing a. hydrophila o:19 and non-o:19 strains from different origins, as well as other aeromonas species and other fish pathogens such as vibrio vulnificus biotype 2, v. furnisii, v. damsela, yersinia ruckerii and edwardsiella tarda. the detection limits for a. hydrophila o:19 cel ...19979418247
food borne microbial pathogens of cultured aquatic species.this article provides a broad overview of microbial pathogens associated with marine and fresh water aquatic animals, including vibrio species, escherichia coli, streptococcus iniae, salmonella species, and edwardsiella tarda. historically, cultured fish were not considered important vectors of human pathogens. this situation is changing, partly due to increasing animal densities as a consequence of a rapidly growing industry and partly due to increasing awareness by health care providers of pat ...19989532670
[internalization and replication of edwardsiella tarda in hep-2 cells].it is demonstrated that edwardsiella tarda possesses the ability to invade cultured epithelial hep-2 cells by both lysis-counting assay and thin-section electron microscopy. among fifteen strains of e. tarda, 6 strains internalized into hep-2 cells and located mainly in vesicles. after internalization, the bacteria replicated in the host cells and then released into medium. pretreatment of the hep-2 cells with various concentration of cytochalasin d (0.1-5.0 micrograms/ml) or cytochalasin b (2.5 ...199812549396
edwardsiella tarda induces plasma membrane ruffles on infection of hep-2 cells.interaction of two clinical edwardsiella tarda isolates with hep-2 cells was investigated. by electron microscopy we observed at 1 h post infection that e. tarda induced formation of extensive plasma membrane projections resembling membrane ruffles. the ruffles did not coincide with adhering bacteria. only few invading bacteria were seen. vacuolated nuclear membrane was occasionally observed. three hours post infection, e. tarda induced a contact-dependent cell lysis, revealing the host cell cyt ...19989570122
septic arthritis of the knee caused by edwardsiella tarda after a catfish puncture wound.anglers are wary of catfish as their sharp fin spines may cause injury and, in some species, envenomation. we describe another complication of catfish spine injury--septic arthritis caused by edwardsiella tarda. we believe this is the first report of this organism causing septic arthritis.19989612456
molecular cloning of a novel interferon regulatory factor in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus.a complementary dna library was constructed in lambda zap ii using messenger rna from the leukocytes of some heterocloned japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus, that had been artificially infected with hirame rhabdovirus (hrv). a cloned flounder interferon regulatory factor (designated firf) cdna was found to be 1746 bp in length, with an open reading frame of 297 amino acids. the overall amino acid sequence of firf had approximately 40% identity with the previously reported avian and mammal ...19989628009
development of biclonal gammopathy in a patient with von recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis.a well established case of von recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis, in which a biclonal gammopathy developed, has been studied. one of the paraproteins was characterized as igg kappa, the other as igg lambda. this combination of anomalies has not been described previously in the literature.1998106627
immunocytochemical characterization of the lymphocytes in nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the bowel.the immunoglobulin constituents of hypertrophied lymphoid nodules in the intestinal tracts of six patients with the variable immunodeficiency syndrome and one patient with selective iga deficiency were evaluated by the peroxidase-labeled antibody technique. the nodules were found to contain a dense population of igm-bearing lymphocytes and much intercellular igm. evidence that the cells were engaged in igm synthesis was the presence of the immunoglobulin in the perinuclear spaces and endoplasmic ...1998105208
antibiotic review: the experience of one pharmacy and therapeutics committee. 1998121376
[pancreatic carcinoma on endoscopic retrograde pancreatico-cholangiogram (author's transl)].the pancreaticographic appearances of carcinoma of the pancreas have been divided into two types: 1. canalicular carcinoma arising from the duct system. if arising from the main pancreatic duct, it occludes this, or causes displacement or deformity of its branches in the immediate neighbourhood. if arising from branches, it causes cystic ectasia of the minor ducts; these appear fragmented and deformed while there is stenosis and displacement of the main duct. simultaneous origin from the main an ...1998124684
thermodynamic parameters of helix-random coil transitions in polypeptide chains. iv. random copolymers of l-alanine with l-glutamic acid.ph-induced helix-random coil transitions in random copolymers of ala with glu have been investigated in order to determine the effect of ala on the stability of the helical state of polyglutamic acid. the free energies for the transfer of one uncharged glu residue from a random coil to a helix (deltago) have been determined from potentiometric titration curves by the method of zimm and rice. it has been shown that the introduction of ala hampers the transfer of a glu residue from a random coil t ...199915214
[skeletal maturation and its relation to clinical orthodontics]. 199996392
[clinical study of the antiarrhythmic action of mexityl in ventricular disorders of the cardiac rhythm].the anti-arrhythmic activity of mexitil was studied in 36 patients with frequent, prognostically unfavourable ventricular extrasystoles of various etiology. quantitative and qualitative assessment of rhythm disorders was accomplished by bicycle ergometry and ecg recording for 24 hours by means of portable monitors. the disorders of rhythm were appraised prior to treatment, during mexitil medication in daily doses of 750--1200 mg/24 hrs administered for 3--5 days, and against the background of pl ...199991699
the prognosis of intraventricular hemorrhage.a series of 40 patients with blood in the cerebral ventricular system demonstrated by computed tomography (ct) is presented. overall prognosis was found to be better than expected from the literature. nearly half of the patients are still alive; 12 of the 40 patients in this study had no significant residual disability. the results suggest that the rupture into the ventricular system by itself is of minor importance. however the clinical condition of the patient on admission, site and origin of ...199993626
edwardsiella tarda bacteraemia--complicated by acute pancreatitis and pyomyoma.edwardsiella tarda (e. tarda) has recently become recognized as a pathogen in humans. here we report a new case of e. tarda bacteraemia complicated by acute pancreatitis and pyomyoma. a 46-year-old female came to our emergency room complaining of sudden onset of left upper quadrant pain and vomiting for the previous few hours after drinking three bottles of wine. an abdominal computed tomography (ct) scan revealed multiple biliary stones, acute pancreatitis with extensive inflammatory change, an ...199910342654
[studies on the lactate oxidase producing conditions by edwardsiella tarda].a bacterium producing lactate oxidase was re-screened from five strains based on previous researches. the lactate oxidase activity was the highest in strain l1 and this stain was chosen as the enzyme source. morphological and physiological studies revealed that the bacterial strain l1 belongs to the edwardsiella tarda biogroup i. this stain is different from the reported strains mycobacterium and pediococcus, which produce lactate oxidase. the enzyme producing conditions were studied in shaking ...199912555418
captopril in a hyponatraemic hypertensive: need for caution in initiating therapy. 199985145
the association of hla--b8 with atrophic thyroiditis.one-hundred-and-forty-seven patients with autoimmune thyroiditis were studied with respect to hla antigens as they related to various clinical features. hla--b8 was found to be significantly increased among 59 patients with atrophic thyroiditis (57% vs. 26% for controls) but was identical to controls in 88 patients with goitrous thyroiditis (26%). no relation was found in either group between b8 and thyroid autoantibody titer or, in the case of goitrous thyroiditis, the rate of progression of th ...199991210
urinary proline to hydroxyproline ratio varies with age.urinary excretion of proline and hydroxyproline was studied in five groups of subjects, viz. controls, pituitary dwarfs, familial dwarfs, patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive and patients with generalized scleroderma. the ratio pro/hyp in the urinary fraction precipitated with 5 parts of acetone (1 + 5 fraction) was close to one in children and youngsters in all the groups, while in adults it was higher than two. total pro/hyp does not give an accurate index of age.200092150
mechanical carrier of bacterial enteric pathogens by chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae) in chiang mai, thailand.chrysomya megacephala was studied regarding its mechanically bacterial carrier in urban areas of chiang mai, northern thailand. fifty-six adult flies were randomly collected using sweep insect net during april-may, 1999 from 3 fresh food markets and examined for bacteriological isolation. among them, 49 flies (87.5%) were bacterial carriers. the total 22 bacterial species and 8 groups were isolated. three species previously reported as the bacterial enteric pathogens causing diarrheal disease we ...200011414447
serratia type pore forming toxins.the serratia marcescens hemolysin represents a new type of hemolysin and has been studied in great molecular detail with regard to structure, activation and secretion. it has nothing in common with the pore forming toxins of e. coli type (rtx toxins), the staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin or the thiol activated toxin of group a beta-hemolytic streptococci (streptolysin o). studies on erythrocytes, eukaryotic cells and artificial black lipid membranes, have shown that the mechanism of pore format ...200012369921
characterization of japanese eel immunoglobulin m and its level in serum.japanese eel immunoglobulin m (igm) was purified from the sera of anguilla japonica immunized with edwardsiella tarda fpu 347 and characterized. analysis of the purified igm on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels (sds-page) under reducing and non-reducing conditions revealed that the eel igm was a tetrameric protein with a molecular weight of 790,000; it contained an equimolar heavy chain and light chain with molecular weights of 72,000 and 25,000, respectively. while the n-terminal seque ...200011281270
use of green fluorescent protein (gfp) to study the invasion pathways of edwardsiella tarda in in vivo and in vitro fish models.edwardsiella tarda is a fish pathogen that causes systemic infections in many food and ornamental fish. e. tarda ppd130/91 and ppd125/87 were selected as representatives of the virulent and avirulent groups, respectively, from eight fish isolates, and transformed with plasmids encoding either green fluorescent protein (pgfpuv) or blue fluorescent protein (pbfp2). two host models were used to study the invasion pathway of e. tarda in vitro and in vivo. epithelioma papillosum of carp (epc) was use ...200010658647
activation of the pro-drug ethionamide is regulated in mycobacteria.the anti-tuberculosis drug ethionamide (eth), which is a structural analog of isoniazid (inh), is known to strongly inhibit mycolic acid synthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis. although several targets have been identified for inh, only speculative information is available concerning eth. mutations within the promoter and the coding region of enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (inha) were found to confer resistance to both drugs, thus leading to the impression that inh and eth may share a com ...200010869356
multi-functional biopolymer prepared by covalent attachment of galactomannan to egg-white proteins through naturally occurring maillard reaction.protein-polysaccharide conjugate was prepared as a functional biopolymer using protein and polysaccharide via a maillard-type reaction. ovalbumin and lysozyme were conjugated with galactomannan under controlled heating and humidity conditions. the antioxidant effect of ovalbumin and the antimicrobial activity of lysozyme were enhanced by the glycosylation. the emulsifying properties of the egg protein were also significantly improved by the modification. the increase in lipid affinity due to the ...200010907243
aerobic intestinal flora of wild-caught african dwarf crocodiles osteolaemus tetraspis.intestinal contents were collected from wild-caught african dwarf crocodiles (osteolaemus tetraspis) in 1993 and 1995 which were slaughtered at urban markets in the congo republic. the samples were kept frozen and brought back to onderstepoort for aerobic culture. out of 29 specimens, 33 species of bacteria and 20 species of fungi were isolated. the bacteria included three isolates of salmonella and eight isolates of escherichia coli, most of the latter being rough strains. the flora of individu ...200011131121
infection with edwardsiella tarda causes hypertrophy of liver cells in the japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus.to study the direct cause of liver enlargement in the japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus infected with edwardsiella tarda, the fish were challenged with e. tarda and reared without feeding. the liver of fish exposed to the bacteria was markedly enlarged compared to that of the controls while no severe histopathological change appeared in the organ during the experiments. no notable difference was observed in the crude fat, glycogen, and water content of the liver between challenged and con ...200011104075
topically acquired bacterial zoonoses from fish: a review.the main pathogens acquired topically from fish (through spine puncture or open wounds) are aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, mycobacterium marinum, streptococcus iniae, vibrio vulnificus and vibrio damsela. s. iniae has recently emerged as a public health hazard associated with aquaculture, and m. marinum often infects home aquarium hobbyists. with the expansion of aquaculture and popularity of recreational fishing in australia, medical practitioners can ex ...200011130351
rapid identification of enterobacteriaceae using a novel 23s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probe.the aim of this study was to rapidly identify bacteria of the family of enterobacteriaceae using fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish). a comparative sequence analysis was carried out and a 23s rrna signature sequence for enterobacteriaceae was identified. a 23s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probe (ebac1790) was constructed and subsequently tested against 40 reference strains. nearly all of the enterobacteriaceae used in this study yielded positive results with ebac1790, except for edwardsiel ...200010956593
chromosomal studies in protein calorie malnutrition. 2000102592
is serum total cholesterol outmoded? 200091908
infections of edwardsiella tarda among brook trout in quebec.acute bacterial septicemia is commonly diagnosed in brook trout salvelinus fontinalis of quebec, canada. the agents most commonly isolated include aeromonas salmonicida (furunculosis), aeromonas hydrophila (motile aeromonad septicemia), and pseudomonas species. septicemia in brook trout caused by the gram-negative bacterium edwardsiella tarda was diagnosed for the first time in the province of quebec from two different fish farms producing stock for fee fishing establishments. affected fish disp ...200028880779
[ii. etiological classification of the small bowel diseases (author's transl)].a new classification of the small bowel diseases is proposed according to - the physiopathology; - the anatomo-pathology; - the etiology. in this second part, the ethiological classification is developed. one may distinguish the post-surgical lesions, congenital defects, the side-effects of drugs and the vascular lesions. allergy and infection are especially studied. the main problems which may be solved in a next future are: the mechanism of chronic infections, the biochemical pathology and esp ...200190363
[does one have to be aggressive in the surgical management of diverticular disease of the colon (author's transl)].a series of 61 consecutive cases with diverticular disease and its complications is presented. fourteen cases with uncomplicated diverticular disease and 3 with massive gi tract hemorrhage underwent an uneventful (segmental) resection. of 6 cases operated for fistula formation 1 died. surgical therapy for abscessformation, peritonitis and "pseudo-tumoral" obstruction (38 cases) carried a high mortality (26.3%). the application of a one-staged aggressive and curative surgical approach lowers the ...200193359
hyperprolactinaemia and luteal insufficiency.prolactin interferes with the function of the corpus luteum, as was demonstrated by repeatedly finding a short luteal phase in the ovulatory cycles of two hyperprolactinaemic women after prolactin supression by bromocriptine had been discontinued. in hyperprolactinaemic ovulatory cycles excretion of pregnanediol in urine was less and plasma-progesterone concentrations were lower than in normo-prolactinaemic cycles. when the amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome recurred the symptoms appeared in the ...200155535
[clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of cancer of the large intestine]. 200193232
effect of dietary beta-1,3 glucan on immune responses and disease resistance of healthy and aflatoxin b1-induced immunocompromised rohu (labeo rohita hamilton).the immunostimulant beta-1,3 glucan was fed at 0.1% in feed for 7 days to healthy and aflatoxin b1 (afb1)-induced immunocompromised fish, labeo rohita (one of the major tropical carp species), in a 60 day trial. the effects of afb1, glucan and their interactions on non-specific and specific immunity levels and disease resistance of fish were studied. a single intraperitoneal injection of afb1 at 1.25 mg kg(-1) body weight) caused a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in non-specific immunity as mea ...200111759039
green fluorescent protein-tagged edwardsiella tarda reveals portal of entry in fish.the application of green fluorescent protein (gfp) to identify the portal(s) of entry of bacterial pathogens in animal hosts was studied using the fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda and blue gourami, trichogaster trichopterus. an immersion challenge model was utilized to mimic natural infection conditions in fish. gastrointestinal tract, gills and the body surface of fish were found to be the sites of entry of virulent e. tarda (ppd130/91) by histological and infection kinetics studies. on the oth ...200111164315
myonecrosis caused by edwardsiella tarda: a case report and case series of extraintestinal e. tarda infections.edwardsiella tarda is an unusual human pathogen. it is primarily associated with gastrointestinal disease, although recent reports of extraintestinal disease are broadening the current understanding of the clinical spectrum of e. tarda. a series of 11 cases of extraintestinal e. tarda infection is presented, including the first reported case of myonecrosis in an immunocompetent patient. wound infections were the most common manifestation, and 3 of 5 patients with infected wounds had been exposed ...200111317243
[analys of outer membrane protein and drug-resistant of edwardsiella tarda].the sds-page profiles of out membrane protein(omp) of 27 et strains showed diverse patterns and they could be divided into six types. between 21 pathogenic strains and 6 non-pathogenic strains there were obviously difference. the pathogenic strains isolated from china belong to e type and were simary to atcc 15947. the omp bands of pathogenic strains were more and denser than those of the non-pathogenic strains, and the strains from same souce had the identical patters. interestingly, the non-pa ...200112552814
[detection of pathogenic edwarsiella tarda].25 edwardsiella tarda(et) strains had been detected both on their viruslent factor excellular product (ecp), including the hemolysin and extracellular protease (ecpase), and on their pathogenicity to mice and xiphophorus helleri. ecp was detected by dot-elisa with rabbit antiserum against ecp of reference strain jel4. the results showed that the animal pathogenicity of et had good correlation with its hemolysin other than with ecpase. the agreement between dot-elisa of jel4 ecp and pathogenicity ...200112552832
expression of japanese flounder c-type lysozyme cdna in insect cells.lysozyme is a widely distributed hydrolase which likely plays an important role in bio-defense systems. in the current study, we constructed a baculovirus expression system for the c-type lysozyme cdna of japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) and evaluated the activity of the recombinant protein. this activity was estimated, by turbidimetric assay, to be 7.7u/mg, a value five times higher than that of hen egg white (hew) c-type lysozyme examined under the same conditions. the optimum ph and ...200111356223
immunosuppressive effects of aflatoxin b1 in indian major carp (labeo rohita).aflatoxin b1 (afb1) is a potent immunomodulator in endotherms. the experiment was carried out to study the immunosuppressive nature of afb1 in one ectothermic species of indian major carp. graded levels (0, 1.25, 5.00 mg/kg of body weight) of purified afb1 were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected into rohu (labeo rohita) fingerlings weighing 30-50 g, and the fish were observed for a period of 90 days. at the end of the trial, blood samples were collected from the control group as well as the afb1 ...200111440188
natural antibiotic susceptibilities of edwardsiella tarda, e. ictaluri, and e. hoshinae.the natural antibiotic susceptibilities to 71 antibiotics of 102 edwardsiella strains belonging to e. tarda (n = 42), e. ictaluri (n = 41), and e. hoshinae (n = 19) were investigated. mics were determined using a microdilution procedure according to nccls criteria and german standards. all edwardsiellae were naturally sensitive to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, most beta-lactams, quinolones, antifolates, chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin. edwardsiella species were naturally resist ...200111451681
molecular cloning, expression and evolution of the japanese flounder goose-type lysozyme gene, and the lytic activity of its recombinant protein.in this study, we cloned the goose-type (g-type) lysozyme gene from the japanese flounder genomic dna library, the first such data in fish and only the second after the chicken g-type lysozyme gene. the japanese flounder g-type lysozyme gene was 1252 bp in length from the transcription site to the polyadenylation site, coded for 758 bp of mrna and 195 deduced amino acids, which contain five exons and four introns. a phylogenetic analysis based on amino acid sequences showed that the flounder gen ...200111470157
opsonized virulent edwardsiella tarda strains are able to adhere to and survive and replicate within fish phagocytes but fail to stimulate reactive oxygen intermediates.edwardsiella tarda is responsible for hemorrhagic septicemia (edwardsiellosis) in fish and also causes diseases in higher vertebrates such as birds, reptiles, and mammals, including humans. interactions of e. tarda with blue gourami phagocytes were studied by light microscopy as well as by adherence, intracellular replication, and superoxide anion assays. both nonopsonized virulent (ppd130/91 and al9379) and avirulent (ppd125/87 and ppd76/87) bacteria could adhere to and survive and replicate wi ...200111500445
[edwardsiella tarda infection of the soft tissues]. 200111555920
edwardsiella tarda mutants defective in siderophore production, motility, serum resistance and catalase activity.edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative bacterium that causes a systemic infection, edwardsiellosis, in fish. the virulence factors of this pathogen and its genetic determinants have not been systematically examined. in this study, tnphoa transposon mutagenesis was used to construct a library of 440 alkaline phosphatase (phoa(+)) fusion mutants from a total of 400000 transconjugants derived from ed. tarda ppd130/91. this library included genes for secreted and membrane-associated proteins normally ...200111158362
[primary analysis and sequencing the hemolytic relative gene of edwardsiella tarda].hemolysin is an important pathogenic agent of edwardsiella tarda (et). a fragment containing hemolytic gene, of which sequence is 4,264 bp, was cloned from et-12 chromosome by shutgun method. it has no similarity to the hemolysin genes reported, of which 424 bp of open read frame (orf) 3 has 68% similarity to the hemolysin regulatory gene of s. typhi (slya). the subclone which has complete orf3 was hemolytic, and the other of which kanamycin gene was inserted in pvu i of orf3 was no hemolytic. i ...200111803926
important unusual infections in australia: a critical care perspective.to review a number of the important unusual infections in australia that can lead to critical illness.200116573516
edwardsiella tarda endotoxin as an immunopotentiator in singhi, heteropneustes fossilis fingerlings.endotoxin of e. tarda grown in brain heart infusion broth at 30 degrees c for 18 hr was extracted by differential centrifugation. fingerlings of h. fossilis (weighing 1-2 g) were allowed for hyperosmotic infiltration in the endotoxin at the rate of 0,2,4,8,16 and 20 mg/l. mortality varied from 20-50% at 2 to 20 mg/ml. toxin treated fishes were challenged 21 days post treatment with the same e. tarda strain containing 2.1 x 10(9) cfu/ml. there was 80% mortality in the control group whereas only 2 ...200112018532
the effect of dietary immunomodulation upon edwardsiella tarda vaccination in healthy and immunocompromised indian major carp (labeo rohita).in order to determine the impact on disease resistance of four dietary immunomodulators viz., beta-1,3 glucan, levamisole, vitamins c and e, in an important farmed indian major carp species, rohu (labeo rohita ham.), fish were fed diets containing various levels of these substances during a 60 day trial. aflatoxin b1 (afb,) at 125 mg kg(-1) body weight was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) into fish to induce an immunosuppressive state on the first day of the experiment in some individuals. the ...200211866127
influence of catfish skin mucus on trisodium phosphate inactivation of attached salmonella typhimurium, edwardsiella tarda, and listeria monocytogenes.this study examined the antimicrobial effectiveness of trisodium phosphate (tsp) on edwardsiella tarda, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella typhimurium attached to catfish skin with and without mucus. salmonella typhimurium and e. tarda attached more readily to catfish skin than did l monocytogenes. at high inoculum levels (10(7) cfu/ml), tsp treatments (at 2 to 6%) for 10 min reduced bacterial counts of e. tarda by >2.5 to >3.3 log10 cfu per skin sample for firmly attached cells and by 3.5 t ...200212117249
first report of a parasitic copepod (pennella balaenopterae) infestation in a pinniped.an infestation by the parasitic copepod pennella balaenopterae was found in a stranded, 8-mo-old, female northern elephant seal (mirounga angustirostris). diagnosis was based on the finding of the cephalothoraxes of 14 adult female copepods from three subcutaneous sites. bacteria cultured from lesion exudate included arcanobacterium phocae, escherichia coli, edwardsiella tarda, an enterococcus sp., and proteus mirabilis. the lesions were drained and irrigated with chlorhexidine, and the seal was ...200212216795
bacterial pathogens isolated from cultured bullfrogs (rana castesbeiana).a commercial bullfrog (rana castesbeiana) operation in south georgia had multiple epizootics of systemic bacterial infections over a 3-year period, 1998-2000. a number of potential pathogens (aeromonas hydrophila, chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) meningosepticum, chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) indolgenes, edwardsiella tarda, citrobacterfreundii, pseudomonas spp., and (streptococcus iniae) were isolated from various tissues. clinically, frogs demonstrated acute onset of torticolis, stupor, an ...200212296400
microbiological comparative study of isolates of edwardsiella tarda isolated in different countries from fish and humans.it is difficult to use tissue culture assays to investigate adherence and other properties of edwardsiella tarda because the organism is invasive and produces a potent hemolysin. we therefore relied on polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to determine the occurrence of genes for enterotoxins (lt-i, east-1), shiga toxin (stx-1, stx-2), cytotoxic necrotizing factors (cnf-1, cnf-2), aerobactin, invasion plasmid of enteroinvasive escherichia coli, epec adherence factor (eaf), intimin (eae), enterohemolys ...200212223160
comparative proteomic analysis of extracellular proteins of edwardsiella tarda.a comparison of extracellular proteins of virulent and avirulent edwardsiella tarda strains revealed several major, virulent-strain-specific proteins. proteomic analysis identified two of the proteins in the virulent strain ppd130/91 as flagellin and sseb, which are virulence factors in bacterial pathogens. pcr amplification and dna sequencing confirmed the presence of the genes that encode these proteins. our results clearly demonstrated the potency of the proteomic approach in identifying viru ...200212379732
bath immunisation of spawn, fry and fingerlings of indian major carps using a particulate bacterial antigen.larval mortality in indian major carps is one of the major problems encountered in the pond culture system. the present investigation was carried out to investigate the proper age, duration of exposure, and optimum bacterin concentration for vaccinating rohu (labeo rohita) and catla (catla catla) at their early stages with a formalin killed edwardsiella tarda bacterin suspension. the development of immunological competence was recorded with spawn of rohu and catla of 3 weeks of age exposed to a ...200212400863
chicken egg yolk antibodies as therapeutics in enteric infectious disease: a review.passive immunization by oral administration of specific antibodies has been an attractive approach against gastrointestinal (gi) pathogens in both humans and animals. recently, laying chickens have attracted considerable attention as an alternative source of antibodies for the prevention and treatment of infectious gi diseases. after immunization, the specific antibodies (called igy) are transported to the egg yolk, from which the igy then can be separated without sacrificing chickens. a chicken ...200212495588
[rupture of the round window membrane after slight head injury with flush of perilymph probably caused by large opening of aquaeductus cochleae (author's transl)].a ringing deaf ear was noticed after slight head injury without loss of consciousness nor fracture of the skull. after performig tympanotomy a ruptured round window membrane with excessive flush of perilymph was found. we might rightly assume that this was induced by a large opening of aquaeductus cochleae combined with the force of inertia of the cerebral liquor and the direction of the push to the round window (blow behind the left ear).2002135187
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