| impact of co-deficiency of rpon and rpos on stress tolerance, virulence and gene regulation in edwardsiella tarda. | edwardsiella tarda the etiological agent for edwardsiellosis, a devastating fish disease prevailing in worldwide aquaculture industries was subjected to a molecular genetic study. to research into the influence when rpon (σ(54) ) and rpos (σ(38) ) were deleted simultaneously, the double deletion mutant of rpon (σ(54) ) and rpos (σ(38) ), namely rnrs, was constructed. firstly, rpon and rpos are both essential for h2 o2 , starvation, high osmotic pressure and acid resistance, which have synergisti ... | 2014 | 24633758 |
| a mutation in rcsb, a gene encoding the core component of the rcs cascade, enhances the virulence of edwardsiella tarda. | edwardsiella tarda, a gram-negative bacterium of the family enterobacteriaceae, is the causative agent of the systemic disease edwardsiellosis, which is a major problem in aquaculture industry worldwide. many virulence-related genes in e. tarda have been investigated, but the rcs phosphorelay, a two-component pathway, which regulates several cell-surface-associated structures related to invasion and survival in host cells, has not yet been thoroughly studied. in the present study, an rcsb in-fra ... | 2014 | 24631591 |
| eha, a transcriptional regulator of hemolytic activity of edwardsiella tarda. | hemolysis causes major symptoms such as the reddening skin and systemic hemorrhagic septicemia of diseased fish infected by edwardsiella tarda. cytolysin a (clya) is a pore-forming cytotoxic protein encoded by the clya gene in escherichia coli k-12. in this study, we observed that the heterologous expression of the eha gene from e. tarda could confer hemolytic activity upon a hemolytic-silent e. coli strain. the transcription of clya is positively controlled by the eha gene in e. tarda by rt-pcr ... | 2014 | 24628619 |
| cloning and expression analyses of interferon regulatory factor (irf) 3 and 7 genes in european eel, anguilla anguilla with the identification of genes involved in ifn production. | interferon regulatory factor (irf) 3 and irf7 have been identified as regulators of type i interferon (ifn) gene expression in mammals. in the present study, the two genes were cloned and characterized in the european eel, anguilla anguilla. the full-length cdna sequence of irf3 and irf7 in the european eel, named as aairf3 and aairf7 consists of 2879 and 2419 bp respectively. multiple alignments showed that the two irfs have a highly conserved dna binding domain (dbd) in the n terminus, with th ... | 2014 | 24565894 |
| effect of edwardsiella tarda immunization on systemic immune response, mucosal immune response and protection in catla (catla catla). | the effect of immunization on systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses of fish and their possible relation with protection has not been fully assessed. in this study, healthy catla (catla catla) were immunized against edwardsiella tarda using two antigenic preparations namely, whole cell bacterin (b) and bacterin mixed with freund's complete adjuvant in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio (b+a) followed by a booster dose after 3 weeks of first injection. different systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune resp ... | 2014 | 24477841 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of two lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-α factors (litafs) from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α factor (litaf) plays an important role controlling the expression of tnf-α and the other cytokine genes in the presence of lps. however, two litaf homologues have not been characterized in fish. in this study, we cloned two distinct litaf (rblitaf1 and rblitaf2) cdnas from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) and characterized their expression profiles after infection with edwardsiella tarda, streptococcus iniae or red seabream iridovi ... | 2014 | 24394623 |
| development of a multiplex pcr assay to detect edwardsiella tarda, streptococcus parauberis, and streptococcus iniae in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | a multiplex pcr protocol was established to simultaneously detect major bacterial pathogens in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) including edwardsiella (e.) tarda, streptococcus (s.) parauberis, and s. iniae. the pcr assay was able to detect 0.01 ng of e. tarda, 0.1 ng of s. parauberis, and 1 ng of s. iniae genomic dna. furthermore, this technique was found to have high specificity when tested with related bacterial species. this method represents a cheaper, faster, and reliable alternativ ... | 2014 | 24378589 |
| identification and characterization of lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-alpha factor gene from japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus. | lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-α factor (litaf) is an important transcription factor participating in innate immunity through regulating tnf-α and other inflammatory cytokines expression. however, the expression and biological relevance of litaf in fish is still very limited. in this study, a full-length litaf cdna, termed politaf, was identified from japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus. politaf contains a 67 bp 5'-untranslated sequence, a 435 bp open reading frame, and a 647 bp 3'-untransl ... | 2014 | 24359872 |
| first isolation and characterization of edwardsiella tarda from diseased striped catfish, pangasianodon hypophthalmus (sauvage). | | 2014 | 24344765 |
| edwardsiella tarda superinfection in relapse of ulcerative colitis. | | 2014 | 24326755 |
| outer membrane protein assembly factor yaet (omp85) and groel proteins of edwardsiella tarda are immunogenic antigens for labeo rohita (hamilton). | | 2014 | 24320972 |
| role of cd4(+) and cd8α(+) t cells in protective immunity against edwardsiella tarda infection of ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in fish. our previous study suggests that cell-mediated immunity (cmi) plays an essential role in protection against e. tarda infection. in the present study, we adoptively transferred t-cell subsets sensitized with e. tarda to isogenic naïve ginbuna crucian carp to determination the t-cell subsets involved in protecting fish from e. tarda infection. recipients of cd4(+) and cd8α(+) cells acquired significant resistance ... | 2014 | 24316500 |
| complete genome sequence of channel catfish gastrointestinal septicemia isolate edwardsiella tarda c07-087. | edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative facultative anaerobe causing disease in animals and humans. here, we announce the complete genome sequence of the channel catfish isolate e. tarda strain c07-87, which was isolated from an outbreak of gastrointestinal septicemia on a commercial catfish farm. | 2013 | 24265493 |
| adjuvant and immunostimulatory effects of lps and β-glucan on immune response in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. | in order to investigate the adjuvant and immunostimulatory effects of lps and β-glucan, a highly effective vaccine candidate for edwardsiella tarda known as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) was recombinantly expressed in escherichia coli, which was intramuscularly injected into japanese flounder alone or containing lps or β-glucan. elisa analysis of sera showed that the fish immunized with rgapdh containing lps or β-glucan had significant higher antibody titers than rgapdh immuni ... | 2013 | 24172018 |
| mutations of flagellar genes flic12, flia and flhdc of edwardsiella tarda attenuated bacterial motility, biofilm formation and virulence to fish. | the aim of this study was to investigate functions of flagellar genes flic2, flic12, flia and flhdc in a bacterial fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda. | 2014 | 24118854 |
| identification of protective immunogens from extracellular secretome of edwardsiella tarda. | edwardsiella tarda is an opportunistic pathogen that causes a great loss in aquaculture. identification of immune protective immunogens is a key step for development of subunit vaccines and control of the infectious diseases caused by the bacterium. this study aims to identify the protective antigens from extracellular secretory proteome of e. tarda. out of 38 extracellular secretory proteins predicted by psortb, 20 genes were randomly cloned and their recombinant proteins were expressed in esch ... | 2013 | 24099803 |
| genetic organization of two types of flounder warm-temperature acclimation-associated 65-kda protein and their gene expression profiles. | we isolated and characterized two cdna clone encoding warm-temperature acclimation-associated 65-kda proteins (powap65-1 and powap65-2) from the olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. the deduced amino acid sequences of powap65s showed overall identities of 33-73% with other fish wap65 and mammalian hemopexin-like proteins. the 5'-flanking regions of both powap65-encoding genes contained various putative transcriptional elements. while powap65-1 and powap65-2 were structurally similar, they exh ... | 2013 | 24096660 |
| rainbow trout peptidoglycan recognition protein has an anti-inflammatory function in liver cells. | peptidoglycan recognition proteins (pgrps) are innate immune molecules that are structurally conserved through evolution in both invertebrate and vertebrate animals. pgrps exert diverse host-defense functions both through direct antibacterial activity and through indirect effects, including the induction of antimicrobial peptides and the modulation of inflammation and immune responses. in this study, we identified the gene encoding a long form of pgrp (ompgrp-l1) from the rainbow trout, oncorhyn ... | 2013 | 24056276 |
| genomic structure and immunological response of an stat4 family member from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | the janus tyrosine kinase (jak)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (stat) signaling pathway plays a critical role in host defense against viral and bacterial infections. stat proteins are a group of transcription factors that translocate into the nucleus and are critical for the induction of many genes crucial for the allergic cascade and immune defense. in the present study, a member of the stat4 family was identified from rock bream (rbstat4) at the genomic level, and its transcr ... | 2013 | 24055510 |
| three complement component 1q genes from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus: genome characterization and potential role in immune response against bacterial and viral infections. | complement component 1q (c1q) is a subcomponent of the c1 complex and the key protein that recognizes and binds to a broad range of immune and non-immune ligands to initiate the classical complement pathway. in the present study, we identified and characterized three novel c1q family members from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. the full-length cdnas of c1q a-like (rbc1qal), c1q b-like (rbc1qbl), and c1q c-like (rbc1qcl) consist of 780, 720 and 726 bp of nucleotide sequence encoding polypeptid ... | 2013 | 23994081 |
| a teleostean counterpart of ferritin m subunit from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): an active constituent in iron chelation and dna protection against oxidative damage, with a modulated expression upon pathogen stress. | ferritins are biological iron chelators that can sequestrate excess iron to maintain iron homeostasis in the body. ferritins basically consist of 2 types of subunits, designated as h and l. however, another new subunit, ferritin "m" which possesses characteristic features of both the h and l subunits, was recently identified in lower vertebrates, mostly in fish. in this study, a ferritin m-like subunit from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) (rbferm) was characterized at the molecular level, and ... | 2013 | 23978565 |
| genomic characterization, expression analysis, and antimicrobial function of a glyrichin homologue from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | antimicrobial peptides are important innate effector molecules, playing a vital role in antimicrobial immunity in all species. glyrichin is a transmembrane protein and an antibacterial peptide, exerting its functions against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. in this study, cdna and a bac clone harboring the glyrichin gene were identified from rock bream and characterized. genomic characterization showed that the ofglyrichin gene exhibited a 3 exon-2 intron structure. ofglyrichin is a 79-amino ... | 2013 | 23968692 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of interleukin (il)-15 and il-15 receptor α from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | mammalian interleukin (il)-15 plays an important role in the activation of cd8(+) t cells and natural killer (nk) cells along with its receptor α (il-15rα). to understand the potential roles of il-15 and il-15rα in fish, we identified il-15 and il-15rα cdna from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) and investigated their gene expression profiles after bacterial and viral infection. coding regions of rock bream (rb) il-15 and rbil-15rα cdnas were 534 and 402 bp encoding 177 and 133 amino acid resid ... | 2013 | 23911652 |
| marine teleost ortholog of catalase from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): molecular perspectives from genomic organization to enzymatic behavior with respect to its potent antioxidant properties. | catalases are well known antioxidant enzymes that can mainly dismutate hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in order to prevent oxidative stress. the complete genomic dna (gdna) sequence of the catalase gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) was identified from our custom-constructed bac genomic dna library and designated as rbcat. rbcat consists of 13 exons, separated by 12 introns, within a 13,722-bp gdna sequence. the complete cdna sequence (3303 bp) of rbcat is comprised of a 1581-b ... | 2013 | 23872475 |
| edwardsiella tarda sepsis in a live-stranded sperm whale (physeter macrocephalus). | whale strandings remain poorly understood, although bacterial infections have been suggested to contribute. we isolated edwardsiella tarda from the blood of a stranded sperm whale. the pathogen was identified with maldi-tof ms, confirmed by 16s rrna gene sequencing and quantified in blood by qpcr. we report the first case of sepsis in a sperm whale. the zoonotic potential of e. tarda and the possible role of bacterial infections in the enigmatic strandings of cetaceans are discussed. | 2013 | 23827352 |
| the major fimbrial subunit protein of edwardsiella tarda: vaccine potential, adjuvant effect, and involvement in host infection. | edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative bacterium that is reckoned one of the most severe fish pathogens. in this study, we analyzed the biological properties of the e. tarda major fimbrial subunit protein, fima. we found that mutation of fima resulted in defective biofilm growth, attenuated infectivity against host cells, and impaired ability to disseminate into and colonize host tissues following experimental infection. when used as a subunit vaccine, recombinant fima (rfima) elicited a high lev ... | 2013 | 23811351 |
| akirin2 homologues from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus: genomic and molecular characterization and transcriptional expression analysis. | akirins are conserved nuclear resident nf-κb signaling pathway molecules. isoforms of akirins found in various organisms are known to play diverse roles. in this study, we have characterized two akirin2 homologues from rock bream, ofak2(1) and ofak2(2). the proteins derived from ofak2(1) and ofak2(2) revealed the presence of nuclear localization signal. multiple sequence alignment and pairwise alignment of ofak2(1) and ofak2(2) with the akirin homologues, revealed high conservation and identity. ... | 2013 | 23770624 |
| edwardsiella tarda mutant disrupted in type iii secretion system and chorismic acid synthesis and cured of a plasmid as a live attenuated vaccine in turbot. | edwardsiella tarda is an intractable gram-negative pathogen in many fish species to cause edwardsiellosis. its infection leads to extensive losses in a diverse array of commercially important fish. the type iii secretion system (t3ss) has been considered as one of the major virulence factors and plays important roles in its intracellular lifestyle. in this study, an e. tarda eib202 mutant wed with deletions in the t3ss genes for eseb, esec, esed and esca, along with the aroc gene for the biosynt ... | 2013 | 23732848 |
| comparative proteomic analysis reveals new components of the phop regulon and highlights a role for phop in the regulation of genes encoding the f1f0 atp synthase in edwardsiella tarda. | edwardsiella tarda is an important cause of haemorrhagic septicaemia in fish and also of gastro- and extra-intestinal infections in humans. we have recently demonstrated that the phop-phoq two-component regulatory system plays important roles in both virulence and stress tolerance in e. tarda. in this study, the proteomes of the wt and phop mutant strains were compared to define components of the phop regulon in e. tarda eib202. overall, 18 proteins whose expression levels exhibited a twofold or ... | 2013 | 23657683 |
| electrochemical disinfection of fish pathogens in seawater without the production of a lethal concentration of chlorine using a flow reactor. | an electrochemical disinfection system employing a honeycombed platinum coated titanium electrode was developed for the disinfection of seawater. cell suspensions (2 l, 10³ cells/ml) of the fish pathogens, vibrio alginolyticus, edwardsiella tarda, lactococcus garvieae and vibrio anguillarum were circulated in a reactor equipped with 10 sets of these electrodes at a flow rate of 200 ml/min with an applied potential of 1.0 v vs. ag/agcl reference electrode. the circulated cells were completely dis ... | 2013 | 23648105 |
| specific and rapid diagnosis of edwardsiella tarda by a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification targeting the upstream region of hlyb gene. | edwardsiella tarda has become one of the most severe pathogens in aquaculture industries throughout the world; therefore, a specific and rapid identification method for this bacterium is urgently needed. in the present study, a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) was developed by targeting the upstream region of the hlyb gene of e. tarda, which was then named as uh-lamp. the mg(2+) concentrations, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time of uh-lamp were optimized to 10 mm, ... | 2013 | 23639057 |
| molecular characterisation and expression analysis of the cathepsin h gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases belonging to the papain family, whose members play important roles in normal metabolism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) cathepsin h (rbctsh) cdnas were identified by expressed sequence tag analysis of a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the full-length rbctsh cdna (1326 bp) contained an open reading frame of 978 bp encoding 325 amino acids. the presence of an erfnin-like motif w ... | 2013 | 23629026 |
| structure of the o-polysaccharide of edwardsiella tarda pcm 1156. | mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of edwardsiella tarda pcm 1156 afforded an o-polysaccharide, which was isolated by gel-permeation chromatography on sephadex g-50 and studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with (1)h nmr and (13)c nmr spectroscopy, including 2d (1)h,(1)h cosy, tocsy, roesy, (1)h,(13)c hsqc, and hmbc experiments. the following structure of the linear tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the o-polysaccharide was established: [structure: see text]. | 2013 | 23623959 |
| comparative analysis of edwardsiella isolates from fish in the eastern united states identifies two distinct genetic taxa amongst organisms phenotypically classified as e. tarda. | edwardsiella tarda, a gram-negative member of the family enterobacteriaceae, has been implicated in significant losses in aquaculture facilities worldwide. here, we assessed the intra-specific variability of e. tarda isolates from 4 different fish species in the eastern united states. repetitive sequence mediated pcr (rep-pcr) using 4 different primer sets (eric i & ii, eric ii, box, and gtg5) and multi-locus sequence analysis of 16s ssu rdna, groel, gyra, gyrb, pho, pgi, pgm, and rpoa gene frag ... | 2013 | 23623688 |
| genomic characterization and transcriptional evidence for the involvement of complement component 7 in immune response of rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | the complement component 7 (c7) is the central mediator of pathogenic attack at the membrane surface and its binding to the c5b-7 complex triggers cytolytic signaling. in this study, c7 of rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) was identified (rb-c7) and characterized at the genomic level. the rb-c7 gene contains 18 exons and 17 introns and is composed of a 2490 bp complete open reading frame (orf). the encoded polypeptide (830 amino acids) contains a number of well-conserved c7 signature domains. i ... | 2013 | 23603298 |
| invasin of edwardsiella tarda is essential for its haemolytic activity, biofilm formation and virulence towards fish. | the aim of this study was to investigate the role of invasin in a bacterial fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda. | 2013 | 23600645 |
| in vitro immunopathogenesis of edwardsiella tarda in catla catla catla (hamilton). | immunopathogenesis of edwardsiella tarda in catla (catla catla) was evaluated by in vitro interaction of catla head kidney (hk) phagocytes with the bacterium. interactions of e. tarda with catla hk phagocytes were studied by light microscopy as well as by phagocytosis, intracellular replication, superoxide anion and nitric oxide production assays. both opsonised and non-opsonized bacteria could adhere to, survive and replicate within phagocytes. furthermore, there was no significant alteration i ... | 2013 | 23587681 |
| proteomic analysis of a twin-arginine translocation-deficient mutant unravel its functions involved in stress adaptation and virulence in fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda. | edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative, facultative aerobic pathogen which infects multifarious hosts including fish, amphibians and human beings. a twin-arginine translocation (tat) gene cluster important for high-salt tolerance in e. tarda was identified previously. here the genetic structure and pleiotropic roles of the tat system in physiological adaptation of the bacterium were further characterized. functional analysis indicated that tatd was not required for tat export process and tate mig ... | 2013 | 23551118 |
| phenotypic characterization, virulence, and immunogenicity of edwardsiella tarda lse40 aroa mutant. | bacterial aro mutants are frequently used as live attenuated vaccines for domestic animals. in this study, we characterized edwardsiella tarda strain lse40 with a deletion in the aroa gene. in addition to autotrophy, the aroa mutant appeared to have delayed cell division and reductions in its swarming motility, biofilm formation, and production of translocator proteins in the type iii secretory system. the mutant exhibited high virulence attenuation in turbot fish, scophthalmus maximus (l.), whe ... | 2013 | 23504078 |
| adaptive immune response to edwardsiella tarda infection in ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in fish. although cell-mediated immunity and innate immunity play a major role in protection against intracellular bacterial infection in mammals, their importance in protecting fish against e. tarda infection remain unclear. in this study, we examined cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) after e. tarda infection. innate immunity was observed to be the princip ... | 2013 | 23489657 |
| environmental isolates p1sw and v3sw as a bivalent vaccine induce effective cross-protection against edwardsiella tarda and vibrio anguillarum . | edwardsiella tarda and vibrio anguillarum are severe fish pathogens. in this study, we aimed at selecting avirulent environmental isolates with application potential in the prevention of e. tarda- and v. anguillarum-associated diseases. for this purpose, we selected and analyzed 2 seawater isolates, p1sw and v3sw, belonging to the genera pseudomonas and vibrio, respectively. when administered to turbot scophthalmus maximus via immersion and oral feeding, p1sw and v3sw at a dose of 2 × 108 colony ... | 2013 | 23482384 |
| functional analysis of a zebrafish myd88 mutant identifies key transcriptional components of the innate immune system. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are an important class of pattern recognition receptors (prrs) that recognize microbial and danger signals. their downstream signaling upon ligand binding is vital for initiation of the innate immune response. in human and mammalian models, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (myd88) is known for its central role as an adaptor molecule in interleukin 1 receptor (il-1r) and tlr signaling. the zebrafish is increasingly used as a complementary model system for disease resea ... | 2013 | 23471913 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel myovirus which infects atypical strains of edwardsiella tarda. | we present the genome sequence of a novel edwardsiella tarda-lytic bacteriophage, msw-3, which specifically infects atypical e. tarda strains. the morphological and genomic features of msw-3 suggest that this phage is a new member of the dwarf myoviruses, which have been much less studied than other groups of myoviruses. | 2013 | 23469359 |
| gene expression profiling in live attenuated edwardsiella tarda vaccine immunized and challenged zebrafish: insights into the basic mechanisms of protection seen in immunized fish. | despite the importance and success of vaccine immunization against bacterial diseases in fish, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of vaccine-induced immune protection in teleost fish. in this study, the live attenuated edwardsiella tarda vaccine strain wed, which has been shown to evoke efficacious protection against edwardsiellosis and ascites diseases in fish, was extensively evaluated for multiple parameters in a 5-week immunization and challenge experiment in zebrafish. the param ... | 2013 | 23434462 |
| complete genome sequences of edwardsiella tarda-lytic bacteriophages kf-1 and iw-1. | we report the complete genome sequences of two edwardsiella tarda-lytic bacteriophages isolated from flounder kidney (kf-1) and seawater (iw-1). these newly sequenced phage genomes provide a novel resource for future studies on phage-host interaction mechanisms and various applications of the phages for control of edwardsiellosis in aquaculture. | 2013 | 23405297 |
| characterization of the edwardsiella tarda proteome in response to different environmental stresses. | to date, our understanding of protein species is still limited. in the present study, 2-de based proteomics was used to investigate characteristics of protein species in edwardsiella tarda, a prokaryocyte cell model. in the e. tarda proteome that was analyzed by 2-de and mass spectrometry, 661 unique proteins representing 1320 protein spots were identified, accounting for 19.0% of gene-coding proteins of the bacterium. 256 out of the 661 identified proteins have different forms of single protein ... | 2013 | 23385355 |
| edwardsiella tarda invasion of fish cell lines and the activation of divergent cell death pathways. | edwardsiella tarda is an important gram-negative intracellular pathogen of fish. however, the invasive features of e. tarda to fish cells and the pathogenesis of host cell death have not been thoroughly investigated. in this study, two fish cell models were used to investigate the interactions between e. tarda and its cellular hosts. e. tarda invaded and replicated in both cell lines. epithelioma papulosum cyprini (epc) cells were more sensitive to e. tarda infection than the flounder gill cell ... | 2013 | 23380458 |
| molecular characterisation and biological activity of a novel cxc chemokine gene in rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | chemokines are chemoattractant cytokines defined by the presence of four conserved cysteine residues. in mammals, these cytokines can be divided into four subfamilies depending on the arrangement of the first two conserved cysteines in the sequence, and include the cxc(α), cc(β), c(γ), and cx3c(δ) classes. we identified cxc chemokine cdna, designated rbcxc, isolated using expressed sequence tag analysis of a lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the full-length rbcxc ... | 2013 | 23376472 |
| effects of dietary scutellaria baicalensis extract on growth, feed utilization and challenge test of olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | effects of dietary scutellaria baicalensis extract (sbe) on growth, feed utilization and challenge test of olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) were determined. six hundred thirty fish averaging 5.0 g were distributed into 18, 180-l tanks. six experimental diets were prepared in triplicate: sbe-0, sbe-0.5, sbe-1, sbe-2, sbe-3 and sbe-5 diets containing sbe at the concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5%, respectively. fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 8 wks. at the end ... | 2013 | 25049710 |
| effects of dietary supplementation of lactobacillus pentosus pl11 on the growth performance, immune and antioxidant systems of japanese eel anguilla japonica challenged with edwardsiella tarda. | the aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of dietary administration of lactobacillus pentosus pl11 on growth performance and the immune and antioxidant systems in japanese eel anguilla japonica challenged with edwardsiella tarda. a total of 75 japanese eels (24.63±0.83 g) were grouped into 5 treatment diets which were a control diet (c) without e. tarda and 4 treatment diets with e. tarda challenge, including c for e. tarda challenge (nc), c plus l. pentosus pl11 supplemented diet (10⁸ ... | 2013 | 23261510 |
| identification of antigenic edwardsiella tarda surface proteins and their role in pathogenesis. | edwardsiella tarda causes an infectious fish disease called edwardsiellosis. several outer membrane proteins (omps) are associated with virulence factors and are attractive as vaccine candidates. in this study, 4 immuno-reactive omps of e. tarda were detected using anti-sera from flounder infected with e. tarda. using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry analyses, 2 of the 4 omps were identified as ompa and murein lipoprotein (lpp), which are highly conserved surface pro ... | 2013 | 23231854 |
| upper extremity myonecrosis caused by edwardsiella tarda resulting in transhumeral amputation: case report. | necrotizing soft tissue infections are rapidly progressive infections with a high rate of mortality. one type of necrotizing soft tissue infection is caused by marine gram-negative bacteria and commonly occurs in immunocompromised hosts. these types of infections are more common in patients with chronic liver disease, possibly because of impaired iron metabolism. we present the case of a rapidly progressive necrotizing soft tissue infection caused by edwardsiella tarda, a marine gram-negative pa ... | 2013 | 23200948 |
| first molecular cloning and gene expression analysis of a teleost cd200 (ox-2) glycoprotein from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | cd200 plays an important role in delivering an immunoregulatory signal to the immune system through interaction with its receptor. however, cd200 has not been characterized and its function in teleosts is unknown. in this study, the rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) cd200 gene (rbcd200) was cloned and its expression profile was analyzed after infection with edwardsiella tarda, streptococcus iniae or red seabream iridovirus (rsiv). the coding region of rbcd200 cdna was 855 bp, encoding 284 amino ... | 2013 | 23128045 |
| development of a multiplex pcr for the identification of pathogenic edwardsiella tarda and application to edwardsiellosis diagnostics. | | 2013 | 23126448 |
| direct antibacterial activity of cd8+/cd4+ t-cells in ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | cytotoxic t cells (ctls) constitute an important component of the specific effector mechanism in killing against microbial-infected or transformed cells. in addition to these activities, recent studies in mammals have suggested that ctls can exhibit direct antimicrobial activity. therefore, the present investigation was conducted to find out the microbicidal activity of cd8α(+) t cells of ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. the cd8α(+) t cells from immunised ginbuna exhibited th ... | 2013 | 23089524 |
| cd4 and cd8 homologues in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus: differences in the expressions and localizations of cd4-1, cd4-2, cd8α and cd8β. | cd4 and cd8 molecules are co-receptors of t cell receptors which interact specifically with mhc class ii and i, respectively, during antigen presentation. here we investigated cd4 and cd8 expression patterns in a fish, japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus in response to infection and tuberculin injection. the cd4-1 mrna level was gradually and weakly increased in trunk kidney after infection with streptococcus iniae, edwardsiella tarda and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv), while th ... | 2013 | 23089138 |
| class ii, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator (ciita) in channel catfish: identification and expression patterns responding to different pathogens. | nlrs are a large family belonging to pattern recognition receptors which could recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns. class ii, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator (ciita) is a member of nlr family. it is a critical transcription factor which could regulate the expression of mhc class ii. in this study, a full-length cdna of ciita was cloned from channel catfish according to ten sequenced ests. this cdna contains a 5'-utr of 71 bp, a 3'-utr of 238 bp and an orf of 3,210 b ... | 2012 | 23073771 |
| identification of novel interleukin 1 beta family genes in japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus. | gene in the interleukin 1 family plays a central role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. here, we describe two novel il-1-like gene in japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus (jfil1-l1 and jfil1-l2). jfil1β-l1 was homologous to nile tilapia il-1β-like gene and arctic char il-1, and jfil1β-l2 showed homology to hypothetical protein loc100699119 of nile tilapia and rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss il-1 receptor agonist (ra). the deduced amino acids sequences of these il-1β-l ... | 2013 | 23069785 |
| genomic characterization and expression analysis of complement component 8α and 8β in rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | the complement component 8α and 8β are glycoproteins that mediate formation of the membrane attack complex (mac) on the surface of target cells. full-length complement c8α (rb-c8α) and c8β (rb-c8β) sequences were identified from a cdna library of rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus), and their genomic sequences were obtained by screening and sequencing of a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) genomic dna library of rock bream. the rb-c8α gene contains 64bp of 5'-utr, open reading frame (orf) of ... | 2013 | 23059376 |
| functional characterization of edwardsiella tarda twin-arginine translocation system and its potential use as biological containment in live attenuated vaccine of marine fish. | bacterial twin-arginine translocation (tat) system contributes to translocate folded proteins to the periplasm and plays pleiotropic roles in physiological fitness. here, we showed that the fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda tat pathway was functional and was essential for h2s production and hemolytic activity. e. tarda tat mutant was more susceptible to diverse stresses such as high temperature, sds, ethanol, and high-salt conditions. however, e. tarda tat mutant displayed marginal in vivo virule ... | 2013 | 23053108 |
| successful treatment of a patient with sepsis and liver abscess caused by edwardsiella tarda. | edwardsiella tarda is a bacterium that is associated with both an asymptomatic oral carrier state and self-limiting diarrhoeal illness in humans. we herein report a case of sepsis and liver abscess caused by e. tarda and review the patients with e. tarda sepsis who presented at our hospital. an 85-year-old woman developed enterocolitis and sepsis caused by e. tarda. she was administered intensive care and thus was able to soon show a good recovery, however, she subsequently developed a liver abs ... | 2012 | 23037482 |
| pathogenesis of and strategies for preventing edwardsiella tarda infection in fish. | edwardsiella tarda is one of the serious fish pathogens, infecting both cultured and wild fish species. research on edwardsiellosis has revealed that e. tarda has a broad host range and geographic distribution, and contains important virulence factors that enhance bacterial survival and pathogenesis in hosts. although recent progress in edwardsiellosis research has enabled the development of numerous, highly effective vaccine candidates, these efforts have not been translated into a commercializ ... | 2012 | 23035843 |
| flic, a flagellin protein, is essential for the growth and virulence of fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda. | edwardsiella tarda is a flagellated gram-negative bacterium which causes edwardsiellosis in fish. flic, as a flagellar filament structural protein, is hypothesized to be involved in the pathogenesis of infection. in this study, a flic in-frame deletion mutant of a virulent isolate of e. tarda was constructed through double crossover allelic exchange by means of the suicide vector pre112, and its virulence-associated phenotypes and pathogenicity were tested. it was found that the deletion of flic ... | 2012 | 23024793 |
| a manganese superoxide dismutase with potent antioxidant activity identified from oplegnathus fasciatus: genomic structure and transcriptional characterization. | in this study, we describe the identification and characterization of manganese superoxide dismutase, an important antioxidant enzyme acting as the chief reactive oxygen species (ros) scavenger, from rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus (of-mmnsod) at genomic- and transcriptional-levels as well as the biological activity of recombinant protein. the of-mmnsod protein portrayed distinct mnsod family features including signature motifs, metal association sites and the typical active site topology. it w ... | 2013 | 23022055 |
| monoclonal antibody to serum immunoglobulins of clarias batrachus and its application in immunoassays. | serum immunoglobulins of clarias batrachus (cb-ig) were purified by affinity chromatography using bovine serum albumin as capture ligand. under reducing conditions in sds-page, cb-ig was composed of a heavy (h) chain (68.7 kda) and two light (l) chains (27.4 and 26.3 kda). purified cb-ig was used to produce a monoclonal antibody (mab) designated e4 mab that belonged to igg1 subclass. in western blotting, this mab showed binding to h chain of purified cb-ig and putative h chains in reduced sera o ... | 2012 | 23000018 |
| a streptococcus iniae dna vaccine delivered by a live attenuated edwardsiella tarda via natural infection induces cross-genus protection. | edwardsiella tarda and streptococcus iniae are important fish pathogens. we have reported previously a live e. tarda vaccine based on the attenuated strain tx5rm and a s. iniae dna vaccine based on the antigen sia10. in this study, we examined the possibility of constructing a cross-genus vaccine by taking advantage of the residual infectivity of tx5rm and using it as a carrier host for the natural delivery of a s. iniae dna vaccine. for this purpose, the recombinant tx5rm, tx5rms10, was created ... | 2012 | 22967257 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel antibacterial peptide derived from hemoglobin alpha in the liver of japanese eel, anguilla japonica. | we isolated and characterized a novel antibacterial peptide, ajhbα, derived from hemoglobin alpha in the liver of japanese eel, anguilla japonica. it with concentration of 11.30 μm exhibited stronger antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacterium 1 × 10(6) cell ml(-1)edwardsiella tarda than other two bacteria. the extraction procedure for ajhbα included extraction with acetate acid, ultrafiltration, cation-exchange chromatography on hitrap™ cm ff, reverse-phase liquid chromatography on sour ... | 2013 | 22951230 |
| molecular cloning and functional characterization of two duplicated two-cysteine containing type i interferon genes in rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus. | two type i interferon (ifn) genes, designated as rbifn1 and rbifn2, have been cloned and characterized in rock bream. they are both comprised of 5 exons and 4 introns, and are closely linked on the rock bream chromosome in a unique head-to-head configuration. both genes encode 183 amino acid (aa) precursor with a putative 17 aa signal peptide in the n-terminal. only one amino acid divergence is present between two ifns. compared with the type i ifns in higher vertebrates, two rock bream ifns pos ... | 2012 | 22889848 |
| edwardsiella tarda sepsis with multiple liver abscesses in a patient with cushing's syndrome. | edwardsiella tarda is very seldom a cause for gastroenteritis in humans. this organism can also cause extraintestinal infections, such as soft tissue infections, meningitis, peritonitis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis and hepatobiliary tract disease, particularly in the setting of compromised immunity. we describe, for the first time a case of e. tarda sepsis with multiple liver abscesses associated with cushing's syndrome as a result of recreational aquatic exposure. | 2012 | 22885207 |
| interferon regulatory factors 4 and 8 in rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus: structural and expressional evidence for their antimicrobial role in teleosts. | the interferon regulatory factor (irf) members irf4 and irf8 contribute to b-lymphocyte development and can act as regulators of immunoglobulin (ig) light chain gene transcription. these two irfs are closely interrelated and are expressed at high levels in the lymphoid and myeloid cells of the immune system. in this study, the complete cdna and genomic sequences of rock bream irf4 (rbirf4) and irf8 (rbirf8) were identified by homology screening of a multi-tissue normalized cdna library and a bac ... | 2012 | 22885028 |
| genomic characterization and expression analysis of complement component 9 in rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | the complement component 9 (c9) is a single-chain glycoprotein that mediates formation of the membrane attack complex (mac) on the surface of target cells. full-length c9 sequence was identified from a cdna library of rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus), and its genomic sequence was obtained by screening and sequencing of a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) genomic dna library of rock bream. the rock bream complement component 9 (rb-c9) gene contains 11 exons and 10 introns and is composed of ... | 2012 | 22796422 |
| withdrawn: dietary supplementation of artemisia capillaris on immunity in paralichthys olivaceus against edwardsiella tarda. | this article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. the publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. the full elsevier policy on article withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy. | 2012 | 22771963 |
| fighting fish (betta splendens) bubble nests do not inhibit microbial growth. | some organisms produce antimicrobial substances in nesting foam to favorably manipulate the environment to which their developing offspring are exposed. we tested if fighting fish betta splendens foamy nest material, which is comprised of bubbles produced in the oral cavity of nesting males, has antimicrobial properties against a pathogenic bacteria (edwardsiella tarda), a nonpathogenic bacteria (escherichia coli), or a pathogenic oomycete (saprolegnia parasitica). we also tested if exposure to ... | 2012 | 22753365 |
| an edwardsiella tarda mutant lacking udp-glucose dehydrogenase shows pleiotropic phenotypes, attenuated virulence, and potential as a vaccine candidate. | edwarsiella tarda is highly resistant to the action of cationic antimicrobial peptides (camps). however, the mechanism underlying camp resistance is not clear. the enzyme udp-glucose dehydrogenase (ugd) that converts udp-glucose into udp-glucuronic acid may be important for this resistance. in this study, a ugd gene was identified in e. tarda and its functional role was analyzed using an in-frame deletion mutant δugd and the complemented strain ugd+. the lipopolysaccharide (lps) produced by δugd ... | 2012 | 22748630 |
| different approaches to expressing edwardsiella tarda antigen gapdh in attenuated vibrio anguillarum for multivalent fish vaccines. | with the development of gene technology, expressing heterologous antigens in attenuated bacteria has become an important strategy to design multivalent vaccines. in our previous work, an attenuated vibrio anguillarum named mvav6203 was developed and proven to be an efficient live vaccine candidate. in this research, we aimed to express protective antigen glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) of edwardsiella tarda in attenuated vibrio anguillarum to establish a multivalent v. anguillar ... | 2012 | 22724428 |
| edwardsiella tarda sialidase: pathogenicity involvement and vaccine potential. | bacterial sialidases are a group of glycohydrolases that are known to play an important role in invasion of host cells and tissues. in this study, we examined in a model of japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) the potential function of nana, a sialidase from the fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda. nana is composed of 670 residues and shares low sequence identities with known bacterial sialidases. in silico analysis indicated that nana possesses a sialidase domain and an autotransporter domai ... | 2012 | 22705341 |
| identification of qseegf genetic locus and its roles in controlling hemolytic activity and invasion in fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda. | the aims of this study were to reveal the roles of the gene locus qseegf in the pathogenesis of edwardsiella tarda. | 2012 | 22694092 |
| antigen adsorbed surface modified poly-ɛ-caprolactone microspheres stimulates both adaptive and innate immune response in fish. | surface modified poly-ɛ-caprolactone microspheres as an antigen carrier was explored in a fish model. outer membrane vesicles of edwardsiella tarda adsorbed on to surface modified poly-ɛ-caprolactone microspheres with chitosan and alginate induces both innate and adaptive immune responses which persist up to 63 days of post immunization through parenteral immunization unlike that of free and fia adjuvented antigens. these results highlight the role of these microspheres as an adjuvant/antigen ca ... | 2012 | 22633870 |
| cystatin b homolog from rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus: genomic characterization, transcriptional profiling and protease-inhibitory activity of recombinant protein. | cysteine proteases are present in all living organisms and, in animals, function in a vast array of physiological and pathological processes. cysteine protease inhibitors act upon the cysteine proteases to regulate their activity. the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors has members represented in all living organisms studied to date. here, we report the identification of a new member of the family 1 cystatin in oplegnathus fasciatus rock bream (denoted as rbcyt b) and the charac ... | 2012 | 22626887 |
| recombinant interferon-γ activates immune responses against edwardsiella tarda infection in the olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. | interferon gamma (ifn-γ) is a cytokine that plays a very important role in defining th1 immune response in all vertebrates. in this study, recombinant ifn-γ (rifn-γ) from the olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) was produced in an escherichia coli system using a pet expression vector. stimulation of whole kidney leukocytes (immune-related cells) in vitro with the resulting rifn-γ significantly induced the gene expression of interleukin-1β (il-1β), signal transducer and activator of transcript ... | 2012 | 22609730 |
| edwardsiella tarda eta1, an in vivo-induced antigen that is involved in host infection. | edwardsiella tarda, a gram-negative bacterium, is a severe fish pathogen that can also infect humans. in this study, we identified, via in vivo-induced antigen technology, an e. tarda antigen, eta1, and analyzed its function in a japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) model. eta1 is composed of 226 residues and shares homology with putative bacterial adhesins. quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase (rt)-pcr analysis indicated that when cultured in vitro, eta1 expression was growth phas ... | 2012 | 22585967 |
| identification and characterization of a hepcidin from half-smooth tongue sole cynoglossus semilaevis. | hepcidin, an antimicrobial peptide, has a dual function including innate immunity and iron regulation. here, based on the sequence of an est database, we have isolated and characterized a hepcidin gene (referred to as cshepcidin) from half-smooth tongue sole (cynoglossus semilaevis). analysis of the coding regions indicated cshepcidin gene comprised 3 exons and 2 introns. the putative cshepcidin showed a great similarity to other hepcidin orthologues, particularly with respect to its 24 aa signa ... | 2012 | 22565018 |
| generation of a temperature-sensitive edwardsiella tarda mutant and its potential as a prophylactic vaccine in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | the aim of this study was to generate temperature-sensitive edwardsiella tarda mutant and to evaluate potential of the mutant as a vaccine in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | 2012 | 22563810 |
| caspase 3 from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): genomic characterization and transcriptional profiling upon bacterial and viral inductions. | caspase 3 is a prominent mediator of apoptosis and participates in the cell death signaling cascade. in this study, caspase 3 was identified (rbcasp3) and characterized from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). the full-length cdna of rbcasp3 is 2683 bp and contains an open reading frame of 849 bp, which encodes a 283 amino acid protein with a calculated molecular mass of 31.2 kda and isoelectric point of 6.31. the amino acid sequence resembles the conventional caspase 3 domain architecture, incl ... | 2012 | 22554851 |
| molecular identification and expression analysis of two distinct bpi/lbps (bactericidal permeability-increasing protein/lps-binding protein) from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | we identified two cdnas designated as rbbpi/lbp-1 and rbbpi/lbp2, respectively, which were identified by expressed sequence tag (est) analysis of a lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the two cdna displayed 36.9% identity at the translated amino acid level. despite the low level of identity between the two genes, high conservation was seen in the bpi/lbp/cetp n-terminal, lps-binding, the proline-rich central and the bpi/lbp/cetp c-terminal domains. the full-length ... | 2012 | 22521422 |
| edwardsiella tarda flagellar protein flgd: a protective immunogen against edwardsiellosis. | edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative bacterium and a causative agent of edwardsiellosis, resulting to severe loss of the aquaculture industry. in this study, based on the reverse vaccinology, sixteen flagellar proteins were selected from highly pathogenic e. tarda eib202 genome information and in silico analyzed as potential vaccine candidates. among them, ten recombinant proteins were highly expressed in escherichia coli and successfully purified. the immunoprotective potentials of these purif ... | 2012 | 22521284 |
| birc7 gene in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus): identification and expression analysis in response to edwardsiella tarda, streptococcus iniae and channel catfish hemorrhage reovirus. | a family member of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (iap) termed baculoviral iap repeat-containing 7 (birc7) from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) was identified, the full length cdna sequence of channel catfish birc7 (ccbirc7) was 1686 bp, containing a 5'utr of 93 bp, a 3'utr of 399 bp with a poly (a) tail and an orf of 1194 bp encoding a putative protein of 398 amino acids. the putative ccbirc7 protein contains two bir super-family conservative domains and a c-terminal ring finger motif. ph ... | 2012 | 22510211 |
| a novel acute phase reactant, serum amyloid a-like 1, from oplegnathus fasciatus: genomic and molecular characterization and transcriptional expression analysis. | acute phase response is a significant component of innate immunity, playing a vital role in the signaling processes and elimination of invading pathogens. acute phase proteins are synthesized in liver and secreted into the blood for transportation to an infection site, where the defense function is exerted. serum amyloid a (saa) and c-reactive proteins are the major positive acute phase proteins. in this study, we have identified and characterized a novel saa related gene from rock bream (oplegn ... | 2012 | 22504166 |
| multi-locus sequence analysis (mlsa) of edwardsiella tarda isolates from fish. | edwardsiella tarda is an enteric fish pathogen that has caused significant economic losses in a range of fish species residing in diverse ecological conditions. several molecular methods relying on dna fingerprinting (rapd, rflp and eric-pcr) and the gyrb gene marker have been used to characterize e. tarda isolates. however, all had drawbacks in resolving power and reproducibility. the present study was aimed at developing a novel multi-locus sequence analysis (mlsa) scheme for genetic character ... | 2012 | 22464156 |
| overexpression of mlta in edwardsiella tarda reduces resistance to antibiotics and enhances lethality in zebra fish. | the aim of this study was to investigate the role of membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase a (mlta) in a bacterial fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda. | 2012 | 22443589 |
| novel brain lesions caused by edwardsiella tarda in a red tilapia (oreochromis spp.). | the histological lesions caused by edwardsiella tarda in a variety of fish species, including tilapia, have been well characterized. there are apparent differences in the type of inflammatory response manifested by these different species, which may be due to the fish species itself, the phase of infection, or the virulence factors produced by different strains of e. tarda. in catfish, systemic abscesses involving muscles of the flank or caudal peduncle are the most common lesions. by contrast, ... | 2012 | 22379061 |
| comparative analysis of the roles of catalases katb and katg in the physiological fitness and pathogenesis of fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda. | the aim of this study was to reveal functional redundancy and variation of the two catalases katb and katg in edwardsiella tarda. | 2012 | 22348484 |
| large antibiotic-resistance plasmid of edwardsiella tarda contributes to virulence in fish. | edwardsiella tarda, an enteric gram negative bacterium, infects a wide range of fish and causes a systemic fish disease called edwardsiellosis. e. tarda ck41, isolated from japanese flounder diagnosed with edwardsiellosis, has exhibited a high degree of resistance to multiple antibiotics, including kanamycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, among others. as the bacterial antibiotic-resistance genes are usually contained in plasmids, we hypothesized that e. tarda ck41 may harbor one or more plasmids ... | 2012 | 22342431 |
| potential of auxotrophic edwardsiella tarda double-knockout mutant as a delivery vector for dna vaccine in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | to evaluate potential of an auxotrophic edwardsiella tarda mutant (δalr δasd e. tarda) as a delivery vehicle for dna vaccine in fish, olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) were immunized with the e. tarda mutant harboring plasmids (pg02-asd-cmv-egfp) for eukaryotic expression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) gene through either intraperitoneal (i.p.) or oral route, and the expression of egfp in the internal organs and generation of antibody against egfp in fish were analyzed. i ... | 2012 | 22325745 |
| a teleostean angiotensinogen from oplegnathus fasciatus responses to immune and injury challenges. | angiotensinogen (agt) is the precursor of the renin-angiotensin system and contributes to osmoregulation, acute-phase and immune responses. a full-length cdna of the agt (2004 bp with a 1389 bp coding region) was isolated from rock bream (rb), oplegnathus fasciatus. the encoded polypeptide of 463 amino acids had a predicted molecular mass of 51.6 kda. rbagt possessed a deduced signal peptide of 22 residues upstream of a putative angiotensin i sequence ((23)nrvyvhpfhl(32)). rbagt possessed a spec ... | 2012 | 22300787 |
| inv1: an edwardsiella tarda invasin and a protective immunogen that is required for host infection. | invasin is an outer membrane protein that is known to mediate entry of enteric bacteria into mammalian cells. in this study, we analyzed the function and immunoprotective potential of the invasin inv1 from edwardsiella tarda, a serious fish pathogen that can also infect humans. in silico analysis indicated that inv1 possesses a conserved n-terminal duf3442 domain and a c-terminal group 1 bacterial ig-like domain. subcellular localization analysis showed that inv1 is exposed on cell surface and c ... | 2012 | 22289712 |
| edwardsiella tarda dnak: expression, activity, and the basis for the construction of a bivalent live vaccine against e. tarda and streptococcus iniae. | edwardsiella tarda and streptococcus iniae are important aquaculture pathogens that affect many species of farmed fish. in this study, we analyzed the expression, activity, and immunoprotective potential of e. tarda heat shock protein dnak. we found that dnak expression was upregulated under conditions of heat shock, oxidative stress, and infection of host cells. recombinant dnak (rdnak) purified from escherichia coli exhibited atpase activity and induced protection in japanese flounder (paralic ... | 2012 | 22281608 |
| a time-course study of immune response in japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus exposed to heavy oil. | the immunotoxicities of oil and its components on fish immunities have been investigated, but there is little literature on the recovery of the fish from the immune suppression. therefore, the recovery of japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus from an immunosuppressive effect due to heavy oil (ho) exposure was investigated in this study. | 2012 | 22246643 |
| molecular identification and expression analysis of a natural killer cell enhancing factor (nkef) from rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus and the biological activity of its recombinant protein. | natural killer cell enhancing factor (nkef) belongs to the defined peroxiredoxin (prx) family. rock bream nkef cdna was identified by expressed sequence tag (est) analysis of rock bream liver that was stimulated with the lps. the full-length rbnkef cdna (1062 bp) contained an open reading frame (orf) of 594 bp encoding 198 amino acids. rbnkef was significantly expressed in the gill, liver, and intestine. mrna expression of nkef in the head kidney was examined under viral and bacterial challenge ... | 2011 | 24371552 |
| diagnosis of edwardsiella tarda infection in oyster toadfish (opsanus tau) held at the marine resources center. | | 2004 | 27690585 |