Publications

synthesis of aerobactin and a 76,000-dalton iron-regulated outer membrane protein by escherichia coli k-12-shigella flexneri hybrids and by enteroinvasive strains of escherichia coli.	one of the chromosomal segments associated with the virulence of shigella flexneri and transferred to escherichia coli k-12 by conjugation has been shown to code for the production of aerobactin and for the synthesis of an iron-regulated 76,000-dalton (76k) outer membrane protein. analysis of various e. coli k-12-s. flexneri transconjugants showed that the genes involved with the synthesis of aerobactin and with the production of the 76k protein were linked to the mtl region of the s. flexneri c ...	1985	3159680
in-vitro activity of pefloxacin compared to enoxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin and new beta-lactams.	the in-vitro activity of pefloxacin was compared with that of norfloxacin, enoxacin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and, where appropriate, other beta-lactams against a total of 363 recent clinical isolates. an agar dilution procedure was used to determine mics and two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) cfu) were used throughout. pefloxacin inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, indole-positive proteus spp., enterobacter spp., shigella ...	1985	3156112
[a new serotype of shigella flexneri in czechoslovakia?].		1985	3155665
shiga toxin.		1986	3153582
microbiological methods and plasmid pattern analysis in epidemiological control of shigella sonnei infections.	shigella sonnei plays an important aetiological role in bacillary dysentery. advances in methodology for the study of intraspecies differentiation are proving to be valuable in the epidemiological analysis of infections caused by this agent.	1986	3153579
asymptomatic bacteriuria with shigella sonnei.		1987	3153293
critical control points for foods prepared in households whose members had either alleged typhoid fever or diarrhea.	hazard analysis of food preparation practices were conducted in four households and eleven others were visited to survey both food preparation practices and environmental conditions. households selected had members who were suffering from either diarrhea of unknown etiology or alleged typhoid fever. hazard analyses and sanitary surveys included gathering data on time-temperature exposures of foods, collecting samples of food and drinking water, sampling sewage or drains, and obtaining stool spec ...	1988	3152803
purification and some properties of shiga-like toxin from escherichia coli o157:h7 that is immunologically identical to shiga toxin.	a cytotoxin to vero cells (shiga-like toxin), which was neutralized by antibody against purified shiga toxin produced by shigella dysenteriae 1, was purified from escherichia coli o157:h7, isolated from a patient with hemorrhagic colitis. the purification procedure consisted of ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-cellulose column chromatography, chromatofocusing column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. about 200 micrograms of purified shiga-like toxin was obtained from ...	1987	3148810
comparison of the invasion strategies used by salmonella cholerae-suis, shigella flexneri and yersinia enterocolitica to enter cultured animal cells: endosome acidification is not required for bacterial invasion or intracellular replication.	strains of escherichia, salmonella, shigella and yersinia actively enter eukaryotic cells. several techniques were used to compare and contrast the invasion mechanisms of salmonella cholerae-suis, yersinia enterocolitica and shigella flexneri. three animal cell lines (cho, hep-2 and mdck) were examined for susceptibility to bacterial entry by these strains. levels of intracellular bacteria varied widely between cell lines, but cho cells were the most susceptible to bacterial invasion, hep-2 inva ...	1988	3147700
plasmid dna survey of clinically isolated shigella strains in shanghai area.		1988	3145835
risk factors for persistent diarrhoea.	with a systematically sampled population of children aged under 5 attending this centre for diarrhoeal disease research during 1983-5 a retrospective analysis of persistent diarrhoea (defined as greater than 14 days' duration) was performed to identify the possible risk factors for this syndrome. of the 4155 children included in the analysis, 410 (10%) gave a history of persistent diarrhoea. a comparison with children with acute diarrhoea matched for age showed that 11 factors were correlated wi ...	1988	3142603
toxins.		1988	3142045
expression of four virulence antigens of shigella flexneri is positively regulated at the transcriptional level by the 30 kilodalton virf protein.	on the virulence plasmid of shigella flexneri the virg region required for cell-to-cell spread of the bacterium encodes a 130 kilodalton (kd) antigen and region-2 essential for the bacterial invasion of epithelial cells encodes 57, 43 and 39 kd antigens. the expression of these four antigens is positively regulated by the 30 kd protein encoded by virf, whose nucleotide sequence had been determined and which was previously found to be essential for virulence. an approximately 3.8 kilobase (kb) rn ...	1988	3141742
[dysenteric arthritis--a case-related observation].		1988	3140351
further serological investigations in humans and domestic animals on the cape verde islands (q-fever, brucellosis, listeriosis, shigellosis, campylobacteriosis, yersiniosis, toxoplasmosis and chlamydia of plt-group).	439 sera of domestic animals and various number (150-500) of human sera of the cape verde islands were examined for antibodies against coxiella burnetti, brucella abortus, b.melitensis, listeria monocytogenes, shigella dysenteriae, s.flexneri, s. boydii, s.sonnei, campylobacter jejuni, c.fetus ssp. intestinalis, yersinia enterocolitica, toxoplasma gondii and chlamydia of the plt-group. it could be shown, that on the cape verde islands there is to be counted with numerous zoonoses due to various ...	1988	3139491
pathogenesis, genetics of virulence, and immunity in shigellosis.		1988	3138359
shigella sonnei bacteremia in an elderly diabetic patient.	a case of shigella sonnei bacteremia in a 65-year-old patient suffering from diabetes mellitus is discussed. the isolated strain had plasmid-mediated serum resistance and excreted aerobactin. the presence of diabetes mellitus as an underlying disease and the production by the shigella sonnei isolate of factors related to bacterial invasion may have contributed to the bacteremic episode.	1988	3137043
shigella dysenteriae type 1 in tourists to cancun, mexico.		1988	3135475
polymicrobial septicemia due to shigella flexneri and pseudomonas aeruginosa: first report.	an invasion of the bloodstream by members of the genus shigella is extremely rare. when it does occur, the etiologic agent is usually a single organism. a report of the first case of shigella bacteremia that was complicated by pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis is reported.	1987	3123706
effects of iron and temperature on shiga-like toxin i production by escherichia coli.	iron is known to depress shiga toxin production by shigella dysenteriae 1, and temperature has been shown to regulate several genes required for shigella invasiveness. in this study, the influence of iron and temperature on regulation of a highly related toxin, shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, was examined in strains lysogenic for the toxin-converting coliphage 933j and in strains carrying the cloned slt-i genes on a high-copy-number plasmid vector. for compariso ...	1988	3121508
[effect of verapamil, cromoglycate and dimedrol on the survivability of mice in endotoxic shock].	the trial has been performed on blocking the potentiation of the lethal action of sh. sonnei endotoxin isolated using the agents possessing antiaggregation and antimediator properties--verapamil, cromoglycate and diphenhydramine. it was shown that ld50 of endotoxin increased 2-2.5-fold, provided there were 3 drug injection 1, 4 and 9 hours after endotoxin administration. the survival of mice at 100% level of mortality was also increased 2-2.5-fold. with endotoxin administered together with the f ...	1987	3118985
[comparative in vitro activity of 10 new 4-quinolones against enteropathogenic bacteria].	the susceptibility has been determined of 169 shigella spp., 93 salmonella spp., 68 yersinia enterocolitica, 34 vibrio cholerae 0:1, and 34 campylobacter jejuni, isolated in central africa and in belgium, to ten fluoroquinolones: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin, enoxacin, amifloxacin, ci-934, a-56619, a-56620 and ro 23-6240. all quinolones were active against the strains tested, showing an mic90 between 0.004 mg/l and 2 mg/l for strains susceptible to nalidixic acid and an mic9 ...	1987	3116489
efficacy of a polyvalent protein-polysaccharide dysentery oral vaccine.		1987	3115716
nationwide dissemination of multiply resistant shigella sonnei following a common-source outbreak.		1987	3114612
[improved method of lipopolysaccharide isolation from gram-negative bacteria].	a modification of the traditional method for lipoplysaccharide isolation from the cells of grammnegative bacteria was elaborated on the basis of extraction by the hot water solution of phenol (the method of westfahl). to make the method simpler and to raise the yield of the product it was proposed to use the water-phenol extract without its division for plases. the nucleic acids are eliminated by precipitation from dialyzed extract at ph 3,2-3,4 achieved by addition of acetic acid. the comparati ...	1987	3112564
colicin js of shigella sonnei: classification of type colicin "7".	colicinotype 7 of shigella sonnei, introduced by abbott and graham, is one of those most frequently found in epidemiological screenings. it is represented by the production of a single colicin (acidic protein of m. w. 46 kd) endowed with some striking features. it is unstable at ph 8.0 and at the temperature of 70 degrees c. its inhibitive activity is specific for the species shigella sonnei, most strains of which seem to be sensitive. it is the only colicin known so far inactive towards escheri ...	1987	3111132
shigellosis--north carolina.		1987	3110573
multistate outbreak of shigella sonnei gastroenteritis--united states.		1987	3110572
characterization of self-transmissible plasmids determining lactose fermentation and multiple antibiotic resistance in clinical strains of klebsiella pneumoniae.	the lactose fermentation (lac+) and antibiotic resistance (r+) phenotypes were conjugally transferred from klebsiella pneumoniae strains (k166, k182, k186, k218, and k220) to salmonella typhi, s. typhimurium, shigella flexneri, and vibrio cholerae. the genes for lactose fermentation and antibiotic resistance were located on the plasmids. further analysis of plasmid dna from these isolates indicated the presence of multiple plasmids (mr ranged less than 2.7 to 70 x 10(6)). the lac+r+ plasmids p16 ...	1987	3107002
[transfer of r plasmids between shigella and e. coli strains in the intestine of patients with acute shigellosis].		1986	3103883
etiological and clinical characteristics of diarrhea in young adults, with special reference to shigella gastroenteritis.		1986	3100995
characterization of purified shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae 1.	shiga toxin was purified from the culture supernatant of shigella dysenteriae 1 by ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-cellulose column chromatography and repeated chromatofocusing column chromatography. about 1.6 mg of purified shiga toxin was obtained from 15 liters of culture with a yield of about 27%. the molecular weight of purified shiga toxin was estimated to be 62,000. the toxin consisted of a and b subunits with molecular weights of about 30,000 and 5,000-6,000, respectively. the isoel ...	1986	3100915
effect of measles-virus infection and interferon treatment on invasiveness of shigella flexneri in hep2-cell cultures.	the influence of measles-virus infection on the invasiveness of shigella flexneri in hep2-cell cultures was studied. bacterial invasiveness was significantly enhanced in cell cultures incubated with virus before bacterial inoculation. this effect was a function of time after introduction of virus to the cell cultures and of the concentration of virus. the increase in bacterial invasiveness was observed before production of infectious virus particles and before a cytopathic effect was evident. a ...	1986	3098977
characterization and diagnostic application of a lipopolysaccharide core oligosaccharide-protein conjugate.	shigella sonnei phase ii core oligosaccharide (osphii) was linked covalently with protein (bovine serum albumin or tetanus toxoid) to obtain a conjugate (osphii-protein) of good immunogenicity in rabbits. anti-osphii-protein conjugate sera contained high levels of immunoglobulin g antibodies against the complete core region of sh. sonnei lipopolysaccharide. the antigenic relationships between lipopolysaccharides of r1, r3 and r4 core types using anti-osphii-protein sera were studied. these antis ...	1986	3098854
multiply resistant shigellosis in a day-care center--texas.		1986	3097494
ability of inhibitors of glycosylation and protein synthesis to sensitize cells to abrin, ricin, shigella toxin, and pseudomonas toxin.	a number of compounds that interfere with glycoprotein synthesis and transport have been tested for their ability to sensitize cells to cancerostatic protein toxins. tunicamycin, swainsonine, cycloheximide, and puromycin sensitized vero cells and hela cells to abrin and ricin, as we have found previously with monensin (k. sandvig and s. olsnes, j. biol. chem., 257: 7504-7513, 1982). cycloheximide, but not swainsonine, sensitized vero cells to pseudomonas exotoxin a and shigella toxin. the abilit ...	1986	3096563
[transmission of vibrio cholerae. possible role of the camel].	choleraic vibrio uses the moving means that man discovers to his own use. camels (passive and active vehicles of large quantity of crude water) were experimentally infected with a vibrio (tox. +) and an aeromonas (tox. +). suckling young camels eliminate them for 6 days and grown-up camels for 25 days. this experience, associated with the discovery of vibrio non 01 and shigella in the caravan camel dungs, lead them to become a potential vector of spreading from one oasis to another.	1986	3096512
[in vitro antibacterial activity of norfloxacin (nflx) against enteritis-causing bacteria].		1986	3095460
chloroalanyl antibiotic peptides: antagonism of their antimicrobial effects by l-alanine and l-alanyl peptides in gram-negative bacteria.	a large number of structurally diverse di- and tripeptides containing the alanine racemase inactivator beta-chloro-l-alanine (beta-cl-lala) have been synthesized, and their antibacterial properties in vitro have been evaluated. the dipeptides 1, 3-6, and 8-17 and the tripeptide 20 are all broad-spectrum antibacterial agents with considerable potency against both gram-positive and gram-negative species, but none of these peptides improves dramatically on the antibiotic efficacy of the previously ...	1986	3093682
quality control testing of anti-sera with glutaraldehyde-treated antigens.	glutaraldehyde-treated bacterial cells were used as the quality control organisms in agglutination and fluorescent antibody tests for group a streptococcus; salmonella groups a, b, and d; shigella groups b, c, and d; and neisseria gonorrhoeae. the antigen preparations were serologically reactive over a period of five months.	1986	3092634
antibodies to enterobacteriaceae in ankylosing spondylitis.	serological studies on ankylosing spondylitis (as; n = 82) show that although statistically more as patients than controls (n = 24) may possess elevated serum titres to enterobacteria such as salmonella, shigella and yersinia, this does not necessarily imply enterobacterial involvement in as, as other groups without enteritis or arthropathies that frequent health care facilities (n = 72) may also display this phenomenon, presumably due to increased exposure. moreover, an inventory of all detecta ...	1986	3092349
cost-benefit of mass prophylaxis with immune serum globulin to control waterborne hepatitis a: a case study.	following a point-source epidemic of more than 8,000 cases of shigella sonnei, which was caused by a sewage-contaminated water supply, immune serum globulin (isg) was administered to 11,306 children, aged 5 to 9 years, and to 1,338 pregnant women to prevent a possible outbreak of hepatitis a. a cost-benefit analysis showed that the estimated cost of preventing one possible case of hepatitis in a child was $362.50, and in a pregnant women $11,514. the benefit:cost ratios were 0.45 and 0.28, respe ...	1986	3091532
in-vitro activity of pefloxacin compared to other antibiotics.	pefloxacin is a new quinolone carboxylic acid with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. a comparison was made of the in-vitro activity of pefloxacin and that of nine other antibiotics (ampicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, amikacin and norfloxacin). the mic90 of pefloxacin against 500 strains of enterobacteriaceae ranged from 0.25 mg/l (escherichia coli, indole + proteus spp., enterobacter cloacae, salmonella spp. and shigella spp.) to 1 mg ...	1986	3086279
natural and recombinant interferons inhibit epithelial cell invasion by shigella spp.	the effect of natural and recombinant interferons (ifns) on the abilities of shigella flexneri, s. sonnei, and salmonella typhimurium to invade different human and murine cells was examined. pretreatment of cell monolayers with natural and recombinant ifns reduced the number of shigella-infected cells in a dose-dependent manner. establishment of an anti-invasive cellular state was time dependent, requiring 10 h for 50% inhibition of bacterial invasion. the inhibitory effect of ifn was species sp ...	1986	3086234
in vitro activity of ro 23-6240, a new fluorinated 4-quinolone.	the in vitro activity of ro 23-6240 (am833), 6,8-difluoro-1-(2-fluoroethyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7(4-methyl-1-piper azinyl) quinolone-3-carboxylic acid, was compared with those of norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. ro 23-6240 inhibited the majority of enterobacteriaceae isolates at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml. it was especially active against shigella sp., salmonella sp., escherichia coli, and yersinia enterocolitica, with an mic for 90% of the strain ...	1986	3085584
effect of guinea pig or monkey colonic mucus on shigella aggregation and invasion of hela cells by shigella flexneri 1b and 2a.	the effects of guinea pig and rhesus monkey colonic mucus preparations on shigella aggregation and invasion of hela cell monolayers by shigella flexneri serotype 1b, 2a, and 5 strains were investigated. guinea pig mucus caused agglutination of s. flexneri serotype 1b but not of s. flexneri serotype 2a or 5. guinea pig mucus also inhibited hela cell invasion by s. flexneri serotypes 1b and 2a. monkey mucus neither agglutinated any shigella strain nor inhibited hela cell invasion.	1986	3081449
molecular genetic approaches to the pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery.	bacillary dysentery is an invasive infectious disease of the human colon. at least three genetic loci on the chromosome and a huge plasmid have been implicated in its pathogenesis. results obtained from molecular genetic studies, mainly of the genes, virg, virf and kcpa are discussed.	1988	3079174
genetics of virulence of shigella species.	the virulent phenotype of shigella is genetically controlled in the diverse form. both chromosomal and extrachromosomal genetic loci that are required for the expression of the virulent phenotype have been identified. advances in the genetics and the molecular biology of shigella virulence are discussed.	1988	3079171
[shigella serotypes and drug resistance patterns of strains isolated in etimesgut, turkey, in 1987].	drug resistance patterns of shigella strains were investigated in a prospective manner in etimesgut district during a period of 1 year. thirty strains shigella were isolated, belonged to three subgroups with preponderance of sh. flexneri (70%), followed by sh. sonnei (27%) and sh. boydii (3%). the resistance was highest with streptomycin (80%), followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) (53%) and ampicillin (43%). only three strains (10%) were sensitive to all eight antibiotics tested. ...	1988	3078794
eca, the enterobacterial common antigen.	enterobacterial common antigen (eca) is a family-specific surface antigen shared by all members of the enterobacteriaceae and is restricted to this family. it is found in freshly isolated wild-type strains as well as in laboratory strains like escherichia coli k-12. the family specificity of eca can be used for taxonomic and diagnostic purposes. eca is located in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane. it is a glycophospholipid built up by an aminosugar heteropolymer linked to an l-glycerophosp ...	1988	3078744
[frequency of pathogenic enterobacteria in infantile diarrheic processes in the city of recife, pernambuco, brazil].	326 samples of diarrheal feces obtained from children whose ages ranged from zero to 5 years, admitted in two rehydration hospitals in the city of recife, pernambuco, were analyzed. feces were placed in cary-blair medium (4 degrees c) for shipment to the laboratory. there was no difference in the rate of bacteria isolation if the samples were analyzed within the period from 3 to 7 days of collection. 19.02% of the analyzed samples were positives for at least one of the searched bacteria, 26 salm ...	1988	3078349
[beef-extract agar with sodium nucleinate as a medium for storage and stabilization of biological properties of shigella].		1986	3078175
plasmid profile analysis as a tool for characterization of epidemic shigella sonnei strains.	the usefulness of plasmid profile analysis as a marker to determine the strain number of shigella sonnei implicated in an epidemic outbreak and its prevalency in our community was studied. we could define two multirresistant strains and determine that the drug resistance was plasmid mediated in both. one strain carried a tra- plasmid which encoded (sm, sd)r, the other one carried two tra+ plasmids which encoded (ap-cb, sm, sd)r and (sm, km-nm, sd, tp)r respectively. these strains and some coisol ...	1986	3078141
aetiologic agents of diarrhoeal diseases in hospitalised children in rawalpindi, pakistan.	the causes of diarrhoea were diagnosed in 250 children and 250 controls, a sample of 3,500 children who reported to the rawalpindi general hospital, pakistan between may 1983 and april 1984. the pathogens identified in children with diarrhoea were enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) (43.2%), enterotoxigenic e. coli (14%), rotavirus (9.6%), shigella spp (3.6%), salmonella spp (3.2%) and giardia lamblia (1.2%). mixed infections were found in 2.4% of patients. the following pathogens were dete ...	1988	3077947
plasmid profile as a useful marker of a shigella dysenteriae type 1 strain causing an epidemic of shigellosis.	plasmid profiles of 60 shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolates obtained during an epidemic period (april - october 1983) were compared with that of 74 other shigella species isolated during the same period of time and also with that of 20 s. dysenteriae type 1 isolates obtained before the epidemic period (1969 - 1982). all samples were collected during an epidemic of shigellosis from diarrhoeal patients being treated at the dhaka treatment centre of the international centre for diarrhoeal disease r ...	1988	3077946
[shigellae as an immunosuppressive factor].		1986	3077429
antibiotic resistance among shigella species isolated in tehran, iran.	a study of adult patients with gastroenteritis was carried out over an 18-month period from march 1984 until august 1985, with the aim of detecting shigella species and studying their antibiotic resistance pattern. two thousand four hundred and eighteen stool specimens were examined and 230 isolations of shigella were made, a detection rate of 9.5%. of the 230 isolates, 61.2% were found to be sh. flexneri, and resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline was extreme ...	1988	3077023
a two-year study of enteric infections associated with diarrhoeal diseases in children in urban somalia.	a hospital-based systematic sample of 1667 children with severe diarrhoeal disease was studied in mogadishu, somalia, throughout 1983 and 1984. one or more enteric pathogens were found in 61% of the patients. rotavirus (25%), enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (11%), shigella spp. (9%), aeromonas hydrophila (9%), giardia lamblia trophozoites (8%), campylobacter jejuni (8%), and vibrio cholerae non-o1 (6%) were the most frequently identified pathogens. age-specific detection rates of enteric pathog ...	1988	3076719
effect of fermentation of ghanaian maize dough on the survival and proliferation of 4 strains of shigella flexneri.	fermented and non-fermented ghanaian maize dough was seeded with approximately 10(7) colony forming units of 4 strains of shigella flexneri which had been isolated from patients with dysentery. in the non-fermented maize dough (ph 6.2) the shigellae were detectable in large numbers for up to 24 h after exposure. in the maize dough that had been fermented for 3 d (ph 3.2) 3 strains were detectable in small numbers for up to 6 h after inoculation. thereafter none was isolated. the fourth strain, t ...	1988	3076718
invasiveness testing on different cell lines for shigella and enteroinvasive e. coli strains.		1988	3075448
[infantile shigella infections in region ix].		1988	3075065
[separation of shigella enterotoxin and immunosuppression factors].		1988	3074243
shigella.	shigella strains capable of producing illness possess a 140 megadalton plasmid that determines its property of epithelial cell penetration. in the classic presentation, there is a descending intestinal tract infection beginning with the passage of small numbers of large-volume stools and progressing to the passage of many small-volume stools that contain blood and mucus. shigellae are efficiently transmitted to contacts in person-to-person spread and only 200 viable cells are sufficient to produ ...	1988	3074117
shigellemia in an infant with intractable diarrhea.		1988	3074059
[evaluation of selective properties of mac conkey's medium enriched with potassium tellurite for growing shigella and yersinia strains].		1988	3073281
[total nucleotide sequence of plasmid pkym and its replication origin].		1988	3073212
[an analysis of distribution of shigella groups for thirty-seven years (1949-1985) in china].		1988	3073017
[effect of the conditions for dynamic homogeneous batch stab cultivation on the reproductive process in shigella sonnei bacteriophages].	the use of the bacterial population, exponentially multiplying in the newly developed cultivation process, ensures the optimum conditions for the dynamic batch cultivation of s. sonnei bacteriophages. the yield of bacteriophage biomass has been found to depend on the concentration of bacterial cells, the oxygen saturation of the medium and the concentration of glucose and amino acids in the medium.	1988	3072805
plasmid mediated drug resistance in shigella flexneri serotypes 1-6 during 1974-85.		1988	3072296
outbreak of shigella flexneri in a nursing home--alberta.		1988	3072103
chronic shigella infection in an hiv seropositive patient--ontario.		1988	3072101
[dysentery caused by shigella and enteroinvasive escherichia coli. diagnosis by dna/dna hybridization].		1988	3071982
nucleotide sequence of the invasion plasmid antigen b and c genes (ipab and ipac) of shigella flexneri.	the nucleotide sequence of a 4.8 kilobase (kb) hindiii fragment from pwr100, the virulence plasmid of shigella flexneri 5, was determined and analysed. this fragment encodes polypeptides b (62 kilodalton, kd) and c (43 kd) which have already been described as two of the four immunogenic polypeptides of shigellae. the nucleotide sequence revealed that in addition to the ipab and ipac genes encoding polypeptides b and c, a third complete open reading frame was found within the fragment. the gene, ...	1988	3071655
a small nonconjugative plasmid encoded for streptomycin-resistant character in shigella dysenteriae.	conjugative transfers of drug-resistant plasmids in shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolated from the epidemic in west bengal were unsuccessful. the plasmids were non-transmissible in spite of having the fertility factor f, genetically labelled with kanamycin-resistant transposon tn903 (pws 7). a small 2.5 kb nonconjugative plasmid encoded for the streptomycin-resistant character. cured plasmid-less strains of s. dysenteriae 1 showed resistance to sulfonamides.	1988	3071516
[free-radical oxidation of blood plasma lipids in patients with acute intestinal infections].	blood plasma free radical lipid oxidation was studied in 98 patients with acute dysentery (ad) and 64 patients with food toxinfection (fti). free radical lipid oxidation was assessed by the intensity of chemiluminescence and the level of lipid peroxides. activation of blood plasma lipid peroxidation was established with relation to a clinical variant of the disease. the effect of indomethacin on the parameters of free radical lipid oxidation was noted in patients with ad and fti.	1988	3070810
[the importance of secondary immune deficiencies in the pathogenesis of dysentery].	some immunity indices were studied in patients with acute dysentery. the number of total and active t-lymphocytes, t mu- and t gamma-cells, t-rabbit, t-staphylococcal, b-total and b-lymphocytes forming rosettes with mouse erythrocytes were determined for assessment of the immune status. changes in the above indices with relation to the severity of the disease were noted. suppression of the t- and b-systems of immunity were noticeable in patients with a severe and lingering course of disease. del ...	1988	3070808
identity of molecular structure of shiga-like toxin i (vt1) from escherichia coli o157:h7 with that of shiga toxin.	the primary structures of the a and b subunits of shiga toxin and of shiga-like toxin i (vt1), isolated from the culture supernatants of shigella dysenteriae 1 and escherichia coli o157:h7, respectively, were analyzed by edman degradation of intact proteins and peptides in their digests with trypsin or achromobacter protease i and also by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of the digests. the results indicated that the a and b subunits of shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin i have the same pri ...	1988	3070268
genetic relatedness of the basic replicon of the virulence plasmid in shigellae and enteroinvasive escherichia coli.	the regions required for replication (rep) and for stable maintenance (stb) of the 230 kilobase virulence plasmid, pmysh6000, in shigella flexneri 2a ysh6000 were identified on the restriction enzyme sa/l fragments, c and o, respectively. the stable plasmid, pmysh6610, consisting of adjacent fragments c and o was found to belong to the incompatibility group fl. in all strains of shigellae and enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec) tested, virulence plasmids were found to be highly homologous wit ...	1988	3070262
bacterial-induced diarrhoea.	in diverse parts of the world, many bacterial strains have been recognised as the causative agents of diarrhoea. great achievements have been made in perceiving the varied mechanisms which explain their intestinal pathogenicity. these achievements include the elucidation of the 5 mechanisms of disease production by escherichia coli, the mechanisms of action of shigella, salmonella, campylobacter and yersinia, new information about antimicrobial-associated colitis caused by clostridium difficile ...	1988	3069445
management and prevention of bacterial diarrhea.	the etiology, pathogenesis, transmission and communicability, diagnosis, and management of infectious diarrhea are reviewed. infectious diarrhea is common in both industrialized and unindustrialized areas of the world. better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis and identification of "new" enteric pathogens has resulted in the use of a variety of drugs to relieve symptoms or to effect a clinical cure. both host and microbial virulence factors are key in the acquisition of diarrheal ill ...	1988	3069286
[epidemiologic aspects of dysentery caused by shigella sonnei in suwałki and suwałki province 1986].		1988	3068706
[modifying methylase ssoi from shigella sonnei 47 cells].	a simple and fast method for isolation and purification of ssoi methylase from the bacterial strain shigella sonnei 47 has been proposed. the enzyme is a modifying component of host cell specificity system and protects the acceptor dna from hydrolysis by restriction endonucleases ssoi and ecori. the method is based on the hydrophobic chromatography of ammonium sulphate fraction on the phenylsepharose. the enzyme preparation obtained is devoid of specific and nonspecific endonucleases traces and ...	1988	3068540
selective destruction of vagal sensory neurons using shigella cytotoxin.		1988	3068486
shiga toxin as inhibitor of protein synthesis.		1988	3068485
rose spots associated with enteric fever secondary to shigella sonnei.		1988	3068166
antibiotic sensitivity pattern of enteric pathogens.		1988	3068134
role of enteroinvasive e. coli in acute invasive diarrhea.		1988	3068132
[characteristics of the course of acute dysentery in a 5-year-old child complicated 3 times by intestinal invagination].		1988	3067205
serological response to plasmid-encoded antigens in children and adults with shigellosis.	the immunological response to plasmid-encoded antigens of virulent shigella was determined in thai children less than 4 yr of age and in thai adults by immunoblot analysis and elisa. forty-two percent (8/19) of thai children and 4% (1/22) of thai adults with shigellosis developed a greater than or equal to 4-fold rise in igg antibody titer to water-extracted antigens of shigella flexneri m90t by elisa (p = 0.006). two children and one lactating mother with shigellosis developed a 4-fold rise in ...	1988	3066570
penetrability of ofloxacin into cultured epithelial cells and macrophages.	it is well known that the penetration of drugs into host cells is the minimal requirement to exhibit their efficacy against infections with intracellular bacteria. thus the penetrability of new quinolones including ofloxacin, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin was evaluated by comparing their intracellular and extracellular activities by the use of cell infection systems in vitro. it was evidenced that the new quinolones tested were penetrable into both epithelial cells and macrophages, however, oflo ...	1988	3066365
[the world-wide pandemic and drug resistance of the causative agent of grigor'ev-shiga dysentery].	one of the factors facilitating the global pandemic of grigor'ev-shiga dysentery is considered in detail. all shigella dysenteriae 1 strains, irrespective of the geographical zone of their spread, showed medicinal resistance. as pandemic developed, the spectrum of medicinal resistance constantly increased in all hyperendemic foci. the presence of pronounced relationships between the strains circulating in each of three hyperendemic foci and the strains circulating in different hyperendemic foci ...	1988	3064514
[scientific bases of epidemiologic surveillance of intestinal infections].		1988	3064508
[electron microscopic study of the interaction of virulent and avirulent shigella flexneri strains with the macrophages of murine peritoneal exudate].	the electron microscopic dynamic study of the interaction of s. flexneri virulent strain 2a and s. flexneri avirulent strain, genetically related to strain 2a and having the same antigenic structure, with peritoneal macrophages of cba mice at an early period showed differences in the cytotoxic action of these strains. even at the early period of the interaction between macrophages and virulent shigellae structural changes were observed in macrophages: ruptures in the membranes of parasitophore p ...	1988	3064506
[pathogenetic significance of virulence-associated genes in shigella flexneri].		1988	3063851
[use of antibacterial drugs in shigella sonnei infections in childhood].		1988	3062230
dna fingerprinting of conjugative plasmids incompatible with r6k (incx).	14 conjugative plasmids originated from different bacterial hosts and geographical sources were identified as members of the incompatibility group incx with r6k as the reference plasmid. in spite of their close genetic relatedness (transfer and incompatibility properties), their molecular sizes ranged between 39 and 77 kb and dna fingerprinting with endonucleases such as ecori, ecorv, bamhi, bgli, bglii, psti and sali revealed a great variety of fragment patterns.	1988	3062164
a 13c-n.m.r. study of some shigella flexneri o-polysaccharides.	13c-n.m.r. data for some shigella flexneri o-polysaccharides are reported. it is concluded that the chemical shifts observed for the linear shigella flexneri type y o-polysaccharide are similar to those calculated by adding substituent shifts, obtained from disaccharides with similar stereochemistry around the glycosidic linkage, to the chemical shifts for the monomers. the influence of substitution with alpha-d-glucopyranosyl and/or o-acetyl groups in different positions of this polysaccharide ...	1988	3061647
[etiologic structure of bacterial dysentery in the ussr in 1983-1985].	the etiological structure of dysentery in the ussr in 1983-1985 is characterized. sonne dysentery was found to prevail in the territories with adequate water supply, while dysentery caused by shigella flexneri prevailed at the territories with unsatisfactory water supply. s. dysenteriae and s. boydii were found to play a limited role in the etiology of dysentery. in the presence of global pandemic, an increase in the isolation rate of s. dysenteriae i in the ussr is observed. the data on the bio ...	1988	3061262
infections due to encapsulated bacteria, salmonella, shigella, and campylobacter.	bacterial infections occur often in hiv-infected patients. defects in both cell-mediated and humoral immunity are associated with an increased frequency of infections due to encapsulated and enteric bacteria. pneumonia caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and other pathogens may occur early in the course of aids and have typical clinical presentations. bacteremia is extremely common, and patients frequently fail to develop protective elevations in specific antibodies follo ...	1988	3060531
molecular basis of invasion of eucaryotic cells by shigella.		1988	3060008