| [certain rules in the mechanism of chemotherapy in experimental shigella keratoconjunctivitis]. | | 1959 | 14445019 |
| [studies on the role of allergic component in dysenterial pathogenesis. (experimental dysenterial keratoconjunctivitis)]. | | 1959 | 14445491 |
| [on the problem of interrelationships between the pattern of colonies and virulent and toxic properties of the sonne dysentery microbe]. | | 1960 | 14445674 |
| preventive effect of reserpine against the lethality of high molecular substances capable of eliciting host response. i. prevention of death due to shigella endotoxin by reserpine-pretreatment. | | 1959 | 14446001 |
| transaminases in shigellae. | | 1959 | 14444861 |
| [new variants of dysenterial bacteria in tashkent]. | | 1960 | 14441276 |
| [experience in the use of radioactive sulfur for obtaining labeled bacteria]. | | 1960 | 14444458 |
| [mannitol-negative variant of type e of flexner's bacillus]. | | 1960 | 14447197 |
| [types of dysenterial bacilli observed during 1956-1959. sensitivity of cultivated strains to sulfaguanidine and antibiotics and comparison of results observed in vitro with therapeutic results]. | | 1960 | 14448354 |
| [difficulties in the diagnosis of some atypical dysenterial bacteria]. | | 1962 | 14450419 |
| serotypes of dysentery bacilli in peking with special reference to drug-resistance and bacteriophage susceptibility. | | 1962 | 14449239 |
| studies on the typing of shigella in taiwan. | | 1962 | 14449546 |
| [properties and bacteriostatic action of a new furan derivative, panfuran]. | | 1962 | 14453125 |
| [lysogenicity and phage types of shigella isolated during an epidemic especially an examination of the epidemiological value]. | | 1961 | 14452640 |
| [studies on the drug resistance of enteric bacteria. 14. on artificial elimination of transmissible drug-resistance by means of acriflavine]. | | 1962 | 14453413 |
| [preliminary results of the study on the nature of substances from paratyphoid b bacteria inhibiting the growth of microbes from the entero-typhoid group. i]. | | 1962 | 14455597 |
| [structural changes in flexner's dysenterial bacteria under the influence of streotomycin]. | | 1961 | 14455746 |
| studies on the drug resistance of enteric bacteria. 9. transmission of the drug-resistance factor between spheroplasts. | | 1961 | 14454568 |
| [variation of bacillary dysentery in our country with special reference to some groups of shigella in serbia]. | | 1962 | 14459251 |
| [the phenomenon of neisser and massini in flexner's dysentery bacteria]. | | 1962 | 14463294 |
| growth, catalase and fad activities in e. coli b, sh. flexneri 3b, staphylococcus 209p and mice after co60 irradiation. | | 1962 | 14463537 |
| [antibacterial effect of some n-substituted pyridine derivatives. i]. | | 1962 | 14458073 |
| [antigenic properties of the boid-novgorodskaia subspecies of microbes. (according to the soviet classification)]. | | 1962 | 14461056 |
| experimental shigella infections. iv. fluorescent antibody studies of an infection in guinea pigs. | | 1961 | 14461333 |
| [resistance of shigellae to sulfa drugs and antibiotics in indonesia]. | | 1961 | 14465139 |
| [some observations on filter paper as a cheap and simple laboratory method of detection]. | | 1960 | 14465141 |
| [some notes on soviet classification schemes for dysentery bacteria]. | | 1962 | 14465697 |
| [activity of preparations of the root of the caucasian gomphocarpus in experimental dysentery]. | | 1962 | 14465794 |
| [effect of dysenterial toxin sensitization on the infectiveness of e. histolytica and the severity of lesions in experimental animals]. | | 1962 | 14463918 |
| for more effective shigellosis control. | | 1961 | 14464550 |
| [on changes in the antibiotic sensitivity of newcastle dysenterial bacteria in the human organism before therapy]. | | 1962 | 14464026 |
| [selection methods according to immunogenic properties and their role in increasing the immunogenic properties and their role in increasing the immunogenic activity of dysenterial cultures]. | | 1962 | 14472362 |
| [survival of dysenterial bacilli on the skin of hands]. | | 1962 | 14471234 |
| [relation of the activity of some dehydrogenases of dysenterial bacteria to the concentration of methylene blue in tunberg's experiment]. | | 1961 | 14475189 |
| [survival and variability of flexner's dysenterial bacteria in the external environment]. | | 1962 | 14474510 |
| [effect of levomycetin on the respiration, pyruvic dehydrogenase and lactic acid in dysenterial bacteria]. | | 1961 | 14475188 |
| role of suspending and recovery media in the survival of frozen shigella sonnei. | shigella sonnei was frozen at -20 c in saline, nutrient broth, and milk, and plated, after thawing, upon synthetic medium, nutrient agar, and blood heart infusion agar. there was a difference in the numbers of cells recovered when the frozen and thawed cells were grown on different media. the synthetic medium was unable to recover cells injured by freezing or did so only poorly compared to the complex media. the addition of meat extract, peptone, or casamino acids to the synthetic medium improve ... | 1962 | 14478140 |
| protective action of glycerol in the freezing of shigella sonnei. | | 1962 | 14478141 |
| effect of size of inocula on the growth of shigella sonnei in a chemically defined medium. | | 1961 | 14478144 |
| role of thiamine and aminoacids in the nutrition of shigella sonnei. | | 1962 | 14478145 |
| inhibition of respiratory activity of shigella sonnei by ultraviolet irradiation. | | 1962 | 14478146 |
| the survival of shigella sonnei on cotton, glass, wood, paper, and metal at various temperatures. | | 1962 | 14478149 |
| concerning the formalin-alum vaccine of dysentery bacillus. | | 1961 | 14477269 |
| [colicin typing of shigella scnnei. i. lysogenicity, colicin production and sensitivity, and basic characteristics of colicin]. | | 1961 | 14478040 |
| antigenic structure of bacterio-phages used for typing s. flexneri bacilli. | | 1961 | 14477076 |
| epidemiologic and immunologic studies of shigella sonnei dysentery. | | 1962 | 14479106 |
| comparative study of hemagglutination and agglutination tests for the determination of the antibody response of patients with shigella sonnei dysentery. | | 1962 | 14479104 |
| [method of propagating dysentery bacilli. ii. experimental study in the guinea pig using various serotypes of subgroups a, b and c]. | | 1962 | 14486421 |
| studies of diarrheal disease in central america. iii. specific etiology of endemic diarrhea and dysentery in guatemalan children. | | 1962 | 14486467 |
| [determination of the activity of antibiotics in smear microcultures]. | | 1962 | 14487011 |
| [changes in activities of some oxidation-reduction enzymes in flexner's dysenterial bacteria during the process of the adaptation to levomycetin]. | | 1962 | 14487234 |
| [studies on the specificity and sensitivity of phage titer increase reactions in tracing dysenterial bacteria in water]. | | 1962 | 14487304 |
| [sensitivity of shigella to tetracycline]. | | 1961 | 14487384 |
| preservation of colicinogeny and sensitivity to colicines in egg medium or by lyophilization. | | 1962 | 14483706 |
| [sugar fermentations in shigella of the a and c groups]. | | 1961 | 14486422 |
| [the combined effect on bacteria of radiations and antibacterial substances]. | | 1961 | 14485593 |
| alterations in the ultraviolet sensitivity of shigella sonnei starved at 8 degrees and 37 degrees c for varying periods of time. | | 1962 | 14490059 |
| the phage types of shigella sonnie. report on 81 human cases. | | 1961 | 14490303 |
| [study of the toxins of shigella dysenteriae. 2. study on purification of shigella dysenteriae toxins]. | | 1962 | 14490445 |
| [comparison of the types of flexner's dysentery microbes according to international and temporary soviet classification]. | | 1962 | 14490654 |
| effect of ultraviolet light upon shigella sonnei cells harvested at various stages of growth. | | 1962 | 14490060 |
| [observations on the use of antibiotics in children with diarrhea, infected with different types of shigella, salmonella and escherichia coli enteropathogen]. | | 1962 | 14490163 |
| [viruses and bacteria in the diarrhea of children]. | | 1962 | 14490165 |
| [combined effects of levomycetin and bacteriophage on dysenterial bacteria]. | | 1961 | 14495034 |
| icsa, a polarly localized autotransporter with an atypical signal peptide, uses the sec apparatus for secretion, although the sec apparatus is circumferentially distributed. | asymmetric localization of proteins is essential to many biological functions of bacteria. shigella icsa, an outer membrane protein, is localized to the old pole of the bacillus, where it mediates assembly of a polarized actin tail during infection of mammalian cells. actin tail assembly provides the propulsive force for intracellular movement and intercellular dissemination. localization of icsa to the pole is independent of the amino-terminal signal peptide (charles, m., perez, m., kobil, j.h. ... | 2003 | 14507362 |
| leitbakteria of microbial biofilm communities causing occlusion of biliary stents. | biliary stents inserted to relieve obstructive jaundice caused by biliary or pancreatic malignancies inevitably become occluded by microbial growth in the form of diverse microbial community biofilms. the scarce information available on these communities is based on cultivation methods, but such methods usually provide distorted overviews of community composition, so commonalities and differences in biliary stent communities are uncertain. we extracted dna and rna from the microbial communities ... | 2003 | 14510839 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of dysenterial cultures isolated in the city leninogorsk]. | | 1962 | 14497615 |
| [properties of dysentery cultures isolated in leningorsk. i]. | | 1961 | 14497616 |
| cadc is the preferential target of a convergent evolution driving enteroinvasive escherichia coli toward a lysine decarboxylase-defective phenotype. | enteroinvasive e. coli (eiec), like shigella, is the etiological agent of bacillary dysentery, a particularly severe syndrome in children in developing countries. all eiec strains share with shigella the inability to synthesize lysine decarboxylase (the ldc phenotype). the lack of this function is considered a pathoadaptive mutation whose emergence was necessary to obtain the full expression of invasiveness. cadaverine, the product of lysine decarboxylation, is a small polyamine which interferes ... | 2003 | 14500464 |
| [integrons and antimicrobial resistance gene cassettes in shigella flexneri strains ]. | the resistance of shigella flexneri to antimicrobial agents can be associated to the presence of integrons that may contain and express antimicrobial resistance gene cassettes. | 2003 | 14513692 |
| activation of hila expression at low ph requires the signal sensor cpxa, but not the cognate response regulator cpxr, in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | a two-component regulatory system, cpxr-cpxa, plays an important role in the ph-dependent regulation of virf, a global activator for virulence determinants including invasion genes, in shigella sonnei. the authors examined whether the cpxr-cpxa homologues have some function in the expression of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium invasion genes via the regulation of hila, an activator for these genes. in a salmonella cpxa mutant, the hila expression level was reduced to less than 10 % of tha ... | 2003 | 14523114 |
| ctx-m-3 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in a shigella sonnei clinical isolate: first report from turkey. | a shigella sonnei strain resistant to cefotaxime and aztreonam (but not ceftazidime) was isolated from the stool sample of a 7-y-old outpatient. double disk synergy test, isoelectric focusing, polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis confirmed that the isolate produced ctx-m-3, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl). this is the first report from turkey of shigella spp. producing an esbl, and of ctx-m type enzyme. | 2003 | 14514153 |
| [intercontinental spread of a trimethoprim-resistant strain of shigella flexneri]. | in this study we characterize a trimethoprim-resistant strain of shigella flexneri recovered from stool samples of an international traveler after a trip to kenya, and analyze its epidemiological relationship with a set of strains having similar characteristics from tanzania. | 2003 | 14525704 |
| the shia protein encoded by the shigella flexneri shi-2 pathogenicity island attenuates inflammation. | shigella spp. are the aetiologic agents of dysentery, a severe diarrhoeal syndrome characterized by acute inflammation in the colon. the inflammatory response, which includes recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn), damages the colonic mucosa and exacerbates the infection. shigella encodes a pathogenicity island (pai), shi-2, which is localized in a region of the chromosome linked to the induction of inflammation. surprisingly, shi-2 deletion mutants induce a stronger inflammatory resp ... | 2003 | 14531895 |
| the evolutionary history of shigella and enteroinvasive escherichia coli revised. | in shigella and enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec), the etiologic agents of shigellosis in humans, the determinants responsible for entry of bacteria into and dissemination within epithelial cells are encoded by a virulence plasmid. to understand the evolution of the association between the virulence plasmid and the chromosome, we performed a phylogenetic analysis using the sequences of four chromosomal genes (trpa, trpb, pabb, and putp) and three virulence plasmid genes (ipab, ipad, and ics ... | 2003 | 14562958 |
| etiology of acute diarrhea in adults in southwestern nigeria. | stool specimens from 113 adult outpatients with diarrhea in southwestern nigeria and 63 controls were examined for bacterial and parasitic enteric pathogens. enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) (p < 0.02), enteroaggregative e. coli (eaec) (p < 0.02), and entamoeba histolytica (p < 0.0002) were significantly associated with diarrhea. salmonella, shigella, nontoxigenic vibrio cholerae, other categories of diarrheagenic e. coli, as well as a variety of helminths were recovered more frequently ... | 2003 | 14532177 |
| abl tyrosine kinases are required for infection by shigella flexneri. | infection by the opportunistic bacterial pathogen shigella flexneri stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of host cell proteins, but the kinases involved and their effects on the regulation of cell signaling pathways during bacterial entry remain largely undefined. here, we demonstrate a requirement for the abl family of tyrosine kinases during shigella internalization. family members abl and arg are catalytically activated upon shigella infection, accumulate at the site of bacterial entry, and ar ... | 2003 | 14532119 |
| antimicrobial activity of some 2- and 3-pyridinyl-1h-benzimidazoles and their feiii, cuii, znii, and agi complexes. | 2-(2-pyridinyl)- (li), 2-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)- (lii), 2-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-5-methyl-(liii), 2-(3-pyridinyl)- (liv), 2-(3-pyridinyl)-5-methyl-1h-benzimidazoles (lv) and their complexes with fe(no3)3, cu(no3)2, zn(no3)2, and agno3 were synthesized and antibacterial activity of the compounds was tested toward staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi, shigella flexneri, proteus mirabilis and antifungal ... | 2003 | 14533478 |
| [specific prophylaxis of shigellosis]. | a high level of shigellosis morbidity requires new approaches to the control of bacterial dysentery. according to modern concepts, the outbreaks of shigella infections are linked both with less intensive epidemic control measures and the objective cyclic character of the epidemic process. in this connection great importance is attached to the development of vaccines for the immunization of high risk groups in territories with unfavorable epidemic conditions and in zones of military conflicts, as ... | 2003 | 14565136 |
| antimicrobial interactions of microbial species involved in the fermentation of cassava dough into agbelima with particular reference to the inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria on enteric pathogens. | lactic acid bacteria, bacillus species and yeasts are involved in the fermentation of cassava dough into agbelima. microbial interactions within and between these groups of microorganisms were investigated in addition to the survival of five enteric pathogens inoculated into agbelima under various conditions. nine out of 10 cultures of lactic acid bacteria isolated at the end of agbelima fermentation showed inhibitory effect against 10 cultures of lactic acid bacteria isolated at the start of fe ... | 2003 | 14580972 |
| bacterial enteropathogens isolated in childhood diarrhoea in kuala lumpur--the changing trend. | a retrospective review of all stool samples obtained from children aged < 16 years with diarrhoea from university of malaya medical centre (ummc), kuala lumpur, from 1978 to 1997 was undertaken to ascertain the pattern of bacterial pathogens causing diarrhoea in children in an urban area in malaysia. of 26444 stool samples processed, 2989 (11%) were positive. the five most common bacterial pathogens isolated were non-typhoidal salmonella (57%), enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) (14%), shigella spp ... | 2002 | 14569714 |
| species distribution and antibiotic resistance of shigella isolates in an urban community in malaysia. | there is an increasing trend for shigella isolates worldwide to be resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. the species distribution and antibiotic resistance of shigella species isolated from children in kuala lumpur, malaysia from 1978 to 1997 was reviewed. three hundred and eighty six isolates were positive for shigella species, representing 1.4% (95% ci: 1.3%-1.6%) of the 26320 total stool specimens and 13% (95% ci: 11.8%-14.2%) of 2986 isolates positive for bacterial pathogens. shigell ... | 2003 | 14569747 |
| comparison of two major forms of the shigella virulence plasmid pinv: positive selection is a major force driving the divergence. | all shigella and enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec) strains carry a 230-kb virulence plasmid (pinv) which is essential for their invasiveness. there are two sequence forms, pinv a and pinv b, of the plasmid (r. lan, b. lumb, d. ryan, and p. r. reeves, infect. immun. 69:6303-6309, 2001), and the recently sequenced pinv plasmid from shigella flexneri serotype 5 is a pinv b form. in this study we sequenced the majority of the coding region of the pinv a form from s. flexneri serotype 6 other th ... | 2003 | 14573649 |
| temporal shifts in the dominance of serotypes of shigella dysenteriae from 1999 to 2002 in dhaka, bangladesh. | a total of 358 shigella dysenteriae strains isolated from patients attending the dhaka treatment center of the international centre for diarrheal disease research, bangladesh, between the years 1999 and 2002 were included in this study. s. dysenteriae type 1, the dominant serotype in 1999 (76.4%), declined to 6.5% in 2002. on the other hand, s. dysenteriae types 2 to 12 were isolated with increasing frequencies of 19, 67, 73.5, and 87% in 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. of these, types ... | 2003 | 14605138 |
| duplex real-time sybr green pcr assays for detection of 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens in stools. | a duplex real-time sybr green lightcycler pcr (lc-pcr) assay with dna extraction using the qiaamp dna stool mini kit was evaluated with regard to detection of 8 of 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens in five stool specimens in 2 h or less. the protocol used the same lc-pcr with 20 pairs of specific primers. the products formed were identified based on a melting point temperature (t(m)) curve analysis. the 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens examined were enteroinvasive escherichi ... | 2003 | 14605150 |
| mycobacterium marinum escapes from phagosomes and is propelled by actin-based motility. | mycobacteria are responsible for a number of human and animal diseases and are classical intracellular pathogens, living inside macrophages rather than as free-living organisms during infection. numerous intracellular pathogens, including listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, and rickettsia rickettsii, exploit the host cytoskeleton by using actin-based motility for cell to cell spread during infection. here we show that mycobacterium marinum, a natural pathogen of fish and frogs and an occa ... | 2003 | 14597736 |
| identification of foodborne bacteria by infrared spectroscopy using cellular fatty acid methyl esters. | identification of bacterial species by profiling fatty acid methyl esters (fames) has commonly been carried out by using a 20-min capillary gas chromatographic procedure followed by library matching of fame profiles using commercial midi databases and proprietary pattern recognition software. fast gc (5 min) fame procedures and mass spectrometric methodologies that require no lipid separation have also been reported. in this study, bacterial identification based on the rapid (2 min) infrared mea ... | 2003 | 14607413 |
| a simple method for semi-preparative-scale production and recovery of enterocin as-48 derived from enterococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens a-48-32. | production of enterocin as-48 by enterococcus faecalis a-48-32 was compared between standard and high-cell density batch fermentations. in high-cell density cultures, bacteriocin production was 2.47-fold higher, provided that the ph was controlled during the fermentation. a two-step procedure for recovery of milligram quantities of purified bacteriocin was developed, based on adsorption of the bacteriocin on carboxymethyl sephadex cm-25 followed by reversed-phase chromatography on a semi-prepara ... | 2003 | 14607403 |
| shigella flexneri sepsis in an infant. | shigellosis continues to be an important public health problem in developed countries, since communication in the world village has become more frequent. in addition, this disease is difficult to be prevented because only a small number of bacteria are required to cause infection, and it has exhibited steady trends towards multiple drug resistance. this report describes a 7-month-old female infant with shigella flexneri sepsis presenting initially with a high fever, watery diarrhea, and dehydrat ... | 2003 | 14609044 |
| fitness cost of the green fluorescent protein in gastrointestinal bacteria. | there are surprisingly few studies that have successfully used the green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a quantitative reporter in selection experiments screening for inducible bacterial promoters. one explanation is that gfp expression may confer a fitness cost for bacteria. to test this possibility, we monitored the doubling time in enteric bacteria expressing gfp. four bacterial species, escherichia coli, enterohaemorrhagic e. coli, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhi, and vibrio cholerae, were ... | 2003 | 14608419 |
| [co-expression of cfa/i and cs6 of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli ( etec ) in shigella flexneri 2a t32 derivative strain fwl01]. | among the known colonization factors of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), cfa/i and cs6 (the common antigen in the cfa/iv fimbrial antigens ) are two of the most prevalent fimbriae found in clinical isolates but are never expressed by the same wild-type strains. in this study, cfa/i and cs6 of etec were co-expressed in shigella flexneri 2a t32 derivative strain fwl01 by using a host-plasmid lethal balancing system based on asd gene. the results indicate that the recombinant plasmid carryi ... | 2003 | 14614538 |
| shiga toxins and apoptosis. | the enteric pathogens shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) cause bloody diarrheal diseases that may progress to life-threatening extraintestinal complications. although the s. dysenteriae and stec differ in the expression of a number of virulence determinants, they share the capacity to produce one or more potent cytotoxins, called shiga toxins (stxs). following the ingestion of the organisms, the expression of stxs is critical for the development of ... | 2003 | 14638419 |
| cold shock induction of rnase r and its role in the maturation of the quality control mediator ssra/tmrna. | in this paper we show that rnase r is a cold shock protein that is induced seven- to eightfold by cold shock and that its expression is tightly regulated by temperature. transcriptional studies reveal that the rnr gene is co-transcribed with flanking genes as an operon induced under cold shock. the induction of rnase r levels is mainly a result of the stabilization of the rnr transcripts. the transient stability of the rnr transcripts is shown to be regulated by pnpase at the end of the acclimat ... | 2003 | 14622421 |
| characterization of antimicrobial resistance, plasmids, and gene cassettes in shigella spp. from patients in vietnam. | the objective of the study was to investigate antimicrobial resistance, plasmids and class 1 integrons in 150 shigella strains isolated from patients with diarrhea in vietnam. most isolates were resistant to the majority of antimicrobial agents used for treatment in the isolation areas and 90% were resistant to three or more antibiotics. a total of 20 strains yielded class 1 integrons, which harbored oxa1, dfra, orff, and aada gene cassettes. the most common gene cassette, aada2, was always loca ... | 2003 | 14633363 |
| modulation of gut physiology through enteric toxins. | diarrheal diseases caused by microorganisms and their toxins are a major cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. acute diarrhea is mainly caused due to increased intestinal secretion, commonly as a result of infection with enterotoxin producing organisms (enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, vibrio cholera) or due to decreased intestinal absorption from infection with organisms that damage the intestinal epithelium (enteropathogenic e. coli sp., shigella sp., salmonella sp.) the stud ... | 2003 | 14619951 |
| analysis of virulence and inflammatory potential of shigella flexneri purine biosynthesis mutants. | several shigella flexneri mutants with defects in aromatic amino acid and/or purine biosynthesis have been evaluated as vaccines in humans or in animal models. to be suitable as a vaccine, a mutant has to show virulence attenuation, minimal reactogenicity, and a good immunogenic potential in animal models. with this aim, we have constructed five s. flexneri 5 (wild-type strain m90t) mutants with inactivation of one or two of the loci purek, purhd, and guaba, governing early or late steps of puri ... | 2003 | 14638790 |
| epidemiology of nalidixic acid resistance and tem-1- and tem-52-mediated ampicillin resistance of shigella sonnei isolates obtained in korea between 1980 and 2000. | the resistance to ampicillin and nalidixic acid in shigella sonnei isolates obtained in korea during the period 1998 to 2000 was characterized. recently (j. y. oh, h. s. yu, s. k. kim, s. y. seol, d. t. cho, and j. c. lee, j. clin. microbiol. 41:421-423, 2003) ampicillin and nalidixic acid resistance was found in 49 and 70%, respectively, of the 67 s. sonnei isolates obtained during this period. we analyzed 138 s. sonnei isolates collected during the same period. ampicillin and nalidixic acid re ... | 2003 | 14638472 |
| characterization of an extracellular virulence factor made by group a streptococcus with homology to the listeria monocytogenes internalin family of proteins. | leucine-rich repeats (lrr) characterize a diverse array of proteins and function to provide a versatile framework for protein-protein interactions. importantly, each of the bacterial lrr proteins that have been well described, including those of listeria monocytogenes, yersinia pestis, and shigella flexneri, have been implicated in virulence. here we describe an 87.4-kda group a streptococcus (gas) protein (designated slr, for streptococcal leucine-rich) containing 10 1/2 sequential units of a 2 ... | 2003 | 14638794 |
| porin of shigella dysenteriae enhances mrna levels for toll-like receptor 2 and myd88, up-regulates cd80 of murine macrophage, and induces the release of interleukin-12. | sera of patients convalescing from shigellosis reacted strongly and specifically with the 38,000 da monomer of porin of shigella dysenteriae type 1. since human, the only natural host of s. dysenteriae type 1, recognized the protein through humoral immune response, it is of great significance to study the surface-exposed outer membrane antigen as an adjuvant. porin treatment of cd11b+ peritoneal cavity (perc) mphi of balb/c mouse was found to up-regulate cd80 on cell surface and had no effect on ... | 2003 | 14642305 |
| epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of acute diarrhea with emphasis on entamoeba histolytica infections in preschool children in an urban slum of dhaka, bangladesh. | the epidemiology, clinical features, nutritional status, and causative agents of diarrhea were studied in 289 bangladeshi children (147 boys and 142 girls) 2-5 years old. the use of improved diagnostic tests for amebiasis enabled for the first time analysis of the contribution of entamoeba histolytica to total diarrheal illness in this community setting. the average incidence rate of diarrhea was 1.8/child-year, and the average number of diarrheal days was 3.7 days/child-year over an average obs ... | 2003 | 14640500 |