| disk diffusion susceptibility testing for ly163892 (kt-3777), a new orally administered 1-carbacephem. | ly163892, a new orally administered 1-carbacephem, was found to have a spectrum of antimicrobial activity very similar to that of cefaclor. diffusion tests with 30-micrograms ly163892 disks produced acceptable interpretive error rates with greater than or equal to 22 mm as the susceptibility zone diameter. this was required to reduce potential false-susceptibility results, particularly among enterobacter spp. and providencia stuartii: both species included strains that produce beta-lactamases ca ... | 1988 | 3259247 |
| the effects of clavulanic acid and sulbactam on beta-lactamase biosynthesis. | clavulanic acid and sulbactam were tested as inducers of beta-lactamase in 21 strains of gram-negative bacteria. beta-lactamase synthesis was inducible in all these strains, as demonstrated by the increased enzyme activities obtained when cells were grown in the presence of 10 mg/l of cefoxitin, the increase varying from 11- to 734-fold however, at the same concentration, neither inhibitor induced significant amounts of beta-lactamase, except in one strain of providencia rettgeri, where both wer ... | 1988 | 3263350 |
| rapidec ur, a 2-h miniaturized system for pinpointing uropathogens. | a miniaturized 2-h system (rapidec ur; api system, la balme-les-grottes, montalieu-vercieu, france) that uses nine enzymatic tests for the diagnosis of most uropathogens was challenged with 330 strains. with few exceptions (citrobacter, enterobacter, and providencia spp., morganella morganii, and staphylococci other than staphylococcus saprophyticus), there were distinct patterns that allowed at least a preliminary species diagnosis. | 1988 | 3277991 |
| evaluation of the ids rapid ss/u system for rapid identification of urinary microorganisms. | the accuracy of a new rapid identification system for common urinary pathogens was compared with that of conventional methods and of miniaturized 18-24-hour identification panels. the rapid system, rapid ss/u (innovative diagnostic system inc., atlanta, ga) is a non-growth-dependent micro-method that identifies selected gram-negative bacilli, gram-positive cocci, and yeasts in two hours by detection of constitutive enzymes acting on chromogenic substrates. a total of 185 representative clinical ... | 1988 | 3285661 |
| [antibacterial activity of enoxacin in vitro and in urine]. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of enoxacin (eno) were evaluated by agar dilution, in comparison with mic of nalidixic acid (nal), pipemidic acid (pip), oxolinic acid (oxo), pefloxacin (pef), norfloxacin (nor), ofloxacin (ofl) and ciprofloxacin (cip), for eleven enterobacteriaceae reference strains chosen as a function of sensitivity and level of resistance to nal. in the four strains susceptible to nal, mic of eno (0.06 to 0.25 micrograms/ml) were similar to those for pef and nor, 2 to ... | 1987 | 3302849 |
| microbiological perspectives of co-trimoxazole. | trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in vitro activity was compared with ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfonamide and trimethoprim against isolates of 24 gram-negative and 11 gram-positive species. the incidence of more than 10% of strains with minimal inhibitory concentrations above 32 mg/l was restricted to escherichia coli, shigella spp., klebsiella pneumoniae, providencia rettgeri, morganella morganii, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis. occasionally, streptococ ... | 1987 | 3325434 |
| the organization and control of expression of the pst i restriction-modification system. | | 1987 | 3333366 |
| [nosocomial infections of the urinary tract in urology patients]. | researches effected in different nations have revealed that 5-12% of all hospitalized patients was affected with a nosocomial infection and that almost 1/3 of these were urinary tract infections. the hospitalized urological patients have a considerable proneness to contract a nosocomial urinary tract infection, because they are subjected to transurethral or suprapubic bladder catheterisms, to transurethral surgery and to the endoscopies, that are promoting maneuvers the urinary tract infections. ... | 1988 | 3340313 |
| bacteremia in a veteran's administration extended care facility. | | 1988 | 3380833 |
| comparative antibacterial activity of a new oral cephalosporin, bmy-28100. | bmy-28100 is a new oral cephalosporin which had in vitro activity superior to that of cephalexin and cefaclor against staphylococci, beta-hemolytic streptococcal species, and streptococcus pneumoniae. it inhibited beta-lactamase-producing haemophilus influenzae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, 50% of streptococcus faecalis isolates, listeria monocytogenes, and 50 to 75% of escherichia coli and klebsiella species at less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml, but high producers of beta-lactamase were resistant ... | 1987 | 3495236 |
| dna probe technology for detection of haemophilus influenzae. | a 5 kb haemophilus influenzae dna fragment involved in penicillin-binding proteins expression was used as a probe for specific detection of h. influenzae strains. the 32p-labeled probe specificity was assessed by hybridization to bacterial dots and 75 strains were tested. all h. influenzae (18) and h. aegyptius (1) strains reacted very strongly with the probe. the h. influenzae serotypes tested (a, b, and non-typable strains) did not differ in their hybridization. some hybridization was also fou ... | 1987 | 3502611 |
| [in vitro activity of carumonam (ro 17-2301) on hospital bacteria]. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of carumonam (ro 17-2301), a new synthetic antibacterial agent of the monobactam group, were evaluated by agar dilution for 399 hospital isolates. ro 17-2301 was inactive against gram positive and anaerobic bacteria. most enterobacteriaceae were inhibited by concentrations less than 1 microgram/ml, with mode mics approximating 0.03 micrograms/ml except for providencia (0.016), citrobacter (0.06), serratia (0.06) and enterobacter (0.12). a few strains, mos ... | 1986 | 3534745 |
| prevalence of colonization with antibiotic resistant gram-negative bacilli in a nursing home care unit: the importance of cross-colonization as documented by plasmid analysis. | a prevalence study was carried out on a 100-bed veterans administration nursing home care unit to determine the extent of colonization with gentamicin-resistant gram-negative bacilli (grgnb). hand cultures of 12 employees and 17 environmental cultures were negative. twenty-six of 86 (30%) patients were colonized with 49 grgnb. sixteen patients (19%) had urinary colonization. multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between rectal or perineal colonization (p less than 0.01), and th ... | 1986 | 3536783 |
| two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography for simultaneous detection of bacterial beta-lactam acylases and beta-lactamases. | a rapid and specific procedure was developed for the simultaneous detection of bacterial acylases and beta-lactamases, using ampicillin and cephalexin as substrates. bacterial suspensions from agar plates were incubated separately with each beta-lactam substrate for 1 h at 37 degrees c. the supernatant of the reaction mixture was dansylated, and the dansyl derivatives were separated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on polyamide sheets. the end products resulting from acylase hydrolys ... | 1986 | 3539008 |
| speciation, serotyping, antimicrobial sensitivity and plasmid content of proteeae from the environment of calf-rearing units in south west england. | a survey was undertaken of the occurrence, serotype, antimicrobial sensitivity and plasmid content of members of the tribe proteeae in the environment of two calf-rearing units in the county of avon in south west england. examples of the following species were found: proteus mirabilis, prot. vulgaris, prot. vulgaris biogroup 2, morganella morganii, providencia stuartii, prov. alcalifaciens and prov. rettgeri. a wide range of serotypes was found, many having been previously reported from nosocomi ... | 1986 | 3540110 |
| ciprofloxacin therapy in complicated urinary tract infections caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa and other resistant bacteria. | thirty courses of ciprofloxacin were given to 28 patients with complicated urinary tract infections mainly caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa. all patients had severe underlying abnormalities and infection usually followed urethral catheterization. the infecting organisms were eradicated from the urine of all patients during therapy and 89% were still clear five to nine days after treatment. at one month follow up the cure rate had fallen to 64%. an increase in resistance to ciprofloxacin was seen ... | 1986 | 3542943 |
| inducible expression of an aminoglycoside-acetylating enzyme in providencia stuartii. | strains of providencia stuartii were collected from a chronic-care geriatric ward of a large veteran's administration hospital. two strains of p. stuartii, and one of escherichia coli isolated from the same ward, were transferred five times in the presence of gentamicin or netilmicin. at the fifth transfer the mics of both gentamicin and netilmicin for the two p. stuartii strains had increased at least ten-fold. the mics for the e. coli remained essentially unchanged. enzyme assay demonstrated i ... | 1987 | 3549668 |
| synergy of fosfomycin with beta-lactam antibiotics against staphylococci and aerobic gram-negative bacilli. | fosfomycin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis at the initial stage. it can act synergistically with beta-lactams. the effect of the combination of fosfomycin and selected penicillins and cephalosporins against staphylococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia and selected gram-negative bacteria was determined. synergy was determined by agar dilution and checkerboard titration methods; synergy was defined as an fic index less than or equal to 0.5 and partial synergy greater than 0.5 ... | 1986 | 3569007 |
| diversity of the phosphoenolpyruvate/glucose phosphotransferase system in the enterobacteriaceae. | the presence of the phosphoenolpyruvate glucose phosphotransferase entry routes was studied in 97 genospecies of enterobacteriaceae. phosphoenolpyruvate(pep)-dependent phosphorylation of alpha-methyl-d-glucoside and 2-deoxyglucose was evidenced in 72 species (group i organisms), suggesting the presence of both the iiglc (formerly ii-bglc/iiiglc) and iiman (formerly ii-b/ii-aman) entry routes. erwinia amylovora, budvicia aquatica and all species of leminorella and proteus (as defined by dna relat ... | 1987 | 3606872 |
| genetic and biochemical diversity of ureases of proteus, providencia, and morganella species isolated from urinary tract infection. | bacterial urease, particularly from proteus mirabilis, has been implicated as a contributing factor in the formation of urinary and kidney stones, obstruction of urinary catheters, and pyelonephritis. weekly urine specimens (n = 1,135) from 32 patients, residing at two chronic-care facilities, with urinary catheters in place for greater than or equal to 30 days yielded 5,088 phenotypically and serotypically diverse bacterial isolates at greater than or equal to 10(5) cfu/ml. a total of 86% of sp ... | 1987 | 3623698 |
| adherence to uroepithelial cells of providencia stuartii isolated from the catheterized urinary tract. | the long-term catheterized urinary tract appears to offer a niche for providencia stuartii, otherwise an unusual clinical isolate. p. stuartii, the most frequent and persistent isolate from the urine of 51 long-term catheterized patients, was recovered from 761 of 1230 (62%) weekly urine specimens. to test the hypothesis that prevalence of this species may be due to adherence properties of the organism, 20 selected strains from 14 patients at two nursing homes, representing six distinct serotype ... | 1986 | 3625167 |
| uropathogenicity in rats and mice of providencia stuartii from long-term catheterized patients. | providencia stuartii, a frequent and persistent isolate from the urinary tract of chronically catheterized elderly patients, is multiply antibiotic resistant and may cause fatal bacteremia in those patients. we studied p. stuartii strains in rats and mice to determine differences in uropathogenicity. strains studied varied in expression of factors which contribute to pathogenicity of other bacterial species. urinary tract responses following challenge with p. stuartii strain ho (factors expresse ... | 1987 | 3625871 |
| [high mortality of the nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus caused by providencia rettgeri]. | | 1987 | 3632601 |
| susceptibility of ticarcillin-resistant gram-negative bacilli to different combinations of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid. | the susceptibility of ticarcillin-resistant and of ticarcillin-susceptible gram-negative bacilli to different combinations of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid has been investigated. susceptibility to ticarcillin has been restored in ticarcillin-resistant isolates in proportion to the amount of clavulanic acid in the combination and depending upon the species. the decrease in the mics of ticarcillin was excellent to good in proteus, morganella, providencia, escherichia coli and klebsiella, moderat ... | 1986 | 3636338 |
| gram-negative septicemia caused by providencia stuartii. | the role of urologic disease and manipulation of the genito-urinary tract in the pathogenesis of gram-negative bacteremia has been long recognized. among these organisms, species of providencia genus have been increasingly reported. we describe a 17-year-old male paraplegic who developed septic shock due to providencia stuartii following urinary tract manipulation and responding to medical therapy. this is unusual as most cases with septic shock from providencia species will succumb. it is impor ... | 1987 | 3654064 |
| fractionation of the providencia stuartii cell envelope. | cell envelopes (i.e. unfractionated inner and outer membranes) were obtained from providencia stuartii by following procedures previously applied to the isolation of envelopes from escherichia coli. the p. stuartii envelopes contained known inner membrane enzymes that included a variety of dehydrogenases and atpase. the catalytic activity of the atpase depended upon the concentration of magnesium ions, the substrate (atp) level and the ratio of magnesium ions to atp. cell envelopes from p. stuar ... | 1987 | 3668499 |
| properties of equine anti-lipopolysaccharide hyperimmune plasma: binding to lipopolysaccharide and bactericidal activity against gram-negative bacteria. | anti-lipopolysaccharide equine hyperimmune plasma (anti-lps), which has been used successfully to treat lps (endotoxin)-mediated disorders, has been further characterised. igg present in anti-lps had the highest affinity for lps prepared from salmonella typhimurium, s. typhi, s. abortus equi and shigella flexneri and intermediate affinity for escherichia coli o55:b5, e. coli o127:b8 and s. enteritidis. anti-lps destroyed by means of complement activation a wide range of gram-negative bacteria, i ... | 1987 | 3669052 |
| antibiotic resistance and conjugative r plasmids in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae in peninsular malaysia. | twenty-five strains of enterobacteria, isolated from man in peninsular malaysia and consisting of seven enterobacter spp., five escherichia coli, five salmonella spp., four klebsiella spp., two shigella spp., one proteus sp. and and one providencia sp., were tested for antibiotic resistance and conjugative r plasmids. they were all sensitive to nalidixic acid and resistant to at least three antibiotics. the number of resistances ranged from 3 to 11 antibiotics, including cefoperazone and sisomic ... | 1986 | 3726978 |
| prevalence and mechanisms of aminoglycoside resistance. a ten-year study. | aminoglycoside resistance was monitored at st. thomas' hospital from 1975 to 1984. gentamicin resistance had appeared in a number of species by 1975, but remained rare (less than 1 percent of isolates) in escherichia coli throughout the study period. gentamicin-resistant klebsielleae had become fairly common (8 percent of isolates) by 1977, but little change has subsequently occurred in their frequency of isolation. serratia species are not frequently isolated; gentamicin resistance in these org ... | 1986 | 3728534 |
| production and degradation of indole by gram-negative bacteria. | the indole reaction is performed in various modifications with regard both to the reagents and to the media used. especially the medium has hitherto attracted little attention and there are divergent recommendations for its composition. the comparison of some broths without and with addition of tryptophan after incubation with different indole-positive species revealed that tryptone without tryptophan yielded stronger reactions than with tryptophan added. other broths showed stronger reactions w ... | 1986 | 3754676 |
| cloning of urease gene sequences from providencia stuartii. | providencia stuartii was the most prevalent isolate recovered from urine specimens taken weekly over a 1-year period from 51 nursing home patients with urinary catheters in place. thirty percent of the isolates were urease positive. urease, which is implicated in renal stone formation, was shown to be transmissible on an 82-kilobase conjugative plasmid in one isolate. plasmid dna isolated from this strain was digested with ecori, ligated into the ecori site of pbr322, and used to transform esche ... | 1986 | 3759233 |
| [isolation and properties of aminocaprolactam hydrolase from providencia alcalifaciens]. | l-alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase possessing the l-lysinamidase activity was isolated and purified from providencia alcalifaciens. the purification procedure of enzymes included cell destruction on usdl-1, fractionation by ammonium sulfate, gel-chromatography on g-100, ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose. the purification resulted in a homogeneous enzyme which possessed the both activities. the enzyme molecular weight (180 kda) was estimated by gel chromatography on sephadex g-200. km ... | 1987 | 3810885 |
| rapid catalase supplemental test for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae. | a simple, rapid, semiquantitative slide catalase test useful for differentiating members of the family enterobacteriaceae is described. judging by the time required for appearance of oxygen bubbles in 3% hydrogen peroxide, the immediate catalase reactors were yersinia, serratia, proteus, morganella, providencia, cedecea, and hafnia spp. the delayed catalase reactors were escherichia, shigella, klebsiella, enterobacter, salmonella, citrobacter, edwardsiella, kluyvera, and tatumella spp. this info ... | 1987 | 3818934 |
| production of brownish pigment by bacteria of the morganella-proteus-providencia group. | all bacteria of the morganella-proteus-providencia group tested produced a brownish pigment on agar containing l-forms of aromatic amino acids, i.e. histidine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine in the presence of iron ions under aerobic conditions. no pigment was observed without iron or when using d-forms of the amino acids. it is a melanin-like pigment with variable molecular weight under about 12000 d and an absorbance maximum between 330 and 410 nm depending on the concentration and th ... | 1985 | 3834717 |
| comparative studies on the structural gene for the ribosomal protein s1 in ten bacterial species. | by applying the southern blot technique we compared the structural gene rpsa for ribosomal protein s1 and its preceding sequence from escherichia coli with nine other bacterial species. we found high homology among the structural genes of e. coli and other gram-negative but not gram-positive bacteria. in contrast, the regulatory sequence preceding the structural gene was not highly conserved among the organisms studied. cloning and dna sequence analysis of a 1.2 kb fragment coding for most of th ... | 1985 | 3862932 |
| in-vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability and inhibitory properties of a new penem antibiotic, sch 34343. | sch 34343 is a new penem antibiotic. its in-vitro activity was determined against gram-positive and -negative aerobic and anaerobic isolates. sch 34343 inhibited 90% of strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, salmonella spp, citrobacter spp. and shigella spp. at less than 1 mg/1. ninety per cent of strains of enterobacter, morganella and providencia spp. were inhibited by less than 4 mg/1. sch 34343 did not inhibit pseudomonas spp., and it had slightly less activit ... | 1985 | 3875603 |
| multiple antibiotic resistance plasmids in enterobacteriaceae isolated from diarrhoeal specimens of hospitalized children in indonesia. | we studied the plasmid and antibiotic resistance characteristics of 35 strains of enterobacteriaceae recovered from faecal specimens of children with diarrhoea in central general hospital, bandung, indonesia. twenty three escherichia coli, three providencia, three proteus, three klebsiella, two enterobacter and one citrobacter were examined. all strains were multiply resistant, many carrying six to nine antibiotic resistances. most of these resistances were transferable to a laboratory e. coli s ... | 1985 | 3876328 |
| in-vitro activity of the combinations of ampicillin with mecillinam or with beta-lactamase inhibitors against strains resistant to ampicillin. | the in-vitro activity of ampicillin, of mecillinam and of combinations of ampicillin with mecillinam, clavulanic acid or 6 beta-bromopenicillanic acid has been studied against 126 enterobacteriaceae resistant to ampicillin. the combination of ampicillin with mecillinam showed synergy or addition in 60% of the combinations tested. synergy was seen especially when the strains were resistant to mecillinam, indifference when they were susceptible to mecillinam. the combination of ampicillin with mec ... | 1985 | 3879248 |
| the activity of cefbuperazone, a 7 alpha-methoxy 7 beta acyl ureido cephalosporin. | the activity of cefbuperazone, a 7 alpha-methoxy ureido cephalosporin, was determined against 726 clinical isolates. ninety percent of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, citrobacter diversus, proteus mirabilis, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus vulgaris, morganella morganii, salmonella, and shigella species were inhibited by less than or equal to 6.3 micrograms/ml. cefbuperazone was more active than cefamandole, cefoxitin and piperacillin against these species. concentrat ... | 1985 | 3879464 |
| inducible xylitol dehydrogenases in enteric bacteria. | morganella morganii atcc 25829, providencia stuartii atcc 25827, serratia marcescens atcc 13880, and erwinia sp. strain 4d2p were found to induce a xylitol dehydrogenase when grown on a xylitol-containing medium. the xylitol dehydrogenases were partially purified from the four strains, and those from m. morganii atcc 25829, p. stuartii atcc 25827, and s. marcescens atcc 13880 were all found to oxidize xylitol to d-xylulose. these three enzymes had kms for xylitol of 7.1 to 16.4 mm and molecular ... | 1985 | 3886639 |
| in vitro evaluation of current disinfectants for leg bags. | an in vitro study was performed investigating the bactericidal ability of five common cleaning agents for leg bags against organisms frequently causing urinary tract infection in spinal cord injured (sci) patients. individual disposable uridrain leg bags were inoculated with urine containing greater than 10(5) colonies/ml of the selected organism. the organisms used were: pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis, providencia stuartii, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, herellea, and en ... | 1985 | 3886841 |
| gram-negative bacillary infections. pathogenic and pathophysiologic correlates. | gram-negative bacillary infections continue to be extremely important. escherichia coli is the single most frequently encountered pathogen, followed by organisms belonging to the tribe klebsiella-enterobacter-serratia and proteus-providencia. pseudomonas aeruginosa, although it receives considerable (perhaps excessive) attention, is found relatively less frequently, occurring principally in the hospitalized patient who is immunocompromised. many factors, both host and microbial, are responsible ... | 1985 | 3890536 |
| in vitro studies on the antibacterial activities of ym-13115, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of ym-13115, a new parenteral cephalosporin, were compared with those of ceftazidime, cefoperazone, and cefsulodin. the compound was highly active against the common members of the enterobacteriaceae and 2 to 256 times more active than cefoperazone. ym-13115 was as active as ceftazidime against citrobacter freundii, proteus vulgaris, and morganella morganii and two to four times more active than ceftazidime against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, en ... | 1985 | 3890729 |
| clinical evaluation of temocillin in urinary tract infections. | a group of 27 female and 2 male urological patients, aged 19 to 80 years (mean 44 years), were treated with intravenous temocillin 500 mg twice daily for 5 to 7 days. the diagnoses were acute pyelonephritis (n = 20), acute cystitis (n = 6), and acute cystitis and pyelonephritis combined (3). the causative organisms were escherichia coli (n = 20). proteus species (n = 9). klebsiella species (n = 4). streptococcus faecalis (n = 2). staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 1), and providencia stuartii (n = ... | 1985 | 3896736 |
| [clinical evaluation of cefmenoxime in urinary tract and prostatic infections]. | cefmenoxime, a new cephalosporin, was given to fifty patients (28 male and 22 female) aged 15 to 86 years with infection of the urinary tract or prostate. urinary tract infections, i.e. cystitis in 20 cases and pyelonephritis in 21, were usually chronic and associated with urologic anomalies. nine patients had infection of the prostate. pathogens recovered from the urine were 26 e. coli, 8 klebsiella, 16 serratia, 5 proteus mirabilis or indole-positive proteus, 1 providencia, and 4 pseudomonas. ... | 1985 | 3897962 |
| resistance to chloramphenicol in proteus mirabilis by expression of a chromosomal gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. | proteus mirabilis pm13 is a well-characterized chloramphenicol-sensitive isolate which spontaneously gives rise to resistant colonies on solid media containing chloramphenicol (50 micrograms ml-1) at a plating efficiency of 10(-4) to 10(-5). such chloramphenicol-resistant colonies exhibit a novel phenotype with respect to chloramphenicol resistance. when a single colony grown on chloramphenicol agar is transferred to liquid medium and grown in the absence of antibiotic for 150 generations, a pop ... | 1985 | 3900034 |
| [carbenicillin resistance of gram-negative bacteria: incidence, biochemical and genetic determinism]. | of nine hundred ampicillin resistant (amp-r) enterobacteria strains, isolated in hospital between july and december 1981, 73,7% are also carbenicillin-resistant (carb-r). this particular double resistance varies depending upon the species considered: indole positive proteus (23%), enterobacter cloacae (64%), citrobacter freundii (67%), acinetobacter calcoaceticus (73%), proteus mirabilis (75%), serratia marcescens (90%), escherichia coli (91%), providencia stuartii (96%) and klebsiella pneumonia ... | 1985 | 3903620 |
| ceftriaxone: a beta-lactamase-stable, broad-spectrum cephalosporin with an extended half-life. | ceftriaxone is an aminothiazolyl-oxyimino cephalosporin. it possesses the typical in vitro activity of a third-generation cephalosporin with excellent activity against many gram-negative aerobic bacilli: escherichia coli; species of proteus, klebsiella, morganella, providencia and citrobacter; and enterobacter agglomerans. ceftriaxone also has outstanding bactericidal action against pneumococci, group b streptococci, meningococci, gonococci and hemophilus influenzae. in healthy volunteers, it ha ... | 1985 | 3906584 |
| aztreonam therapy for complicated urinary tract infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. | aztreonam was administered to 145 consecutive patients with complicated urinary tract infections caused by multidrug-resistant, aztreonam-sensitive bacteria. multidrug resistance was defined by disk diffusion testing as resistance to aminopenicillins and to first- and second-generation cephalosporins, with or without resistance to aminoglycosides. the first 40 assessable patients received 1 g of aztreonam intravenously three times daily for a median period of eight days; the remaining 95 assessa ... | 1985 | 3909335 |
| [multicenter study of the in vitro effect of imipenem (n-formimidoyl-thienamycin) on hospital bacteria]. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of imipenem were evaluated by agar dilution for 2 895 bacterial strains isolated in 9 hospitals. imipenem proved highly active against enterobacteriaceae, with an mic less than or equal to 0.25 for 63% of the 1 556 tested strains, less than or equal to 1 for 89.6% and less than or equal to 4 for 99%. the different groups of enterobacteriaceae exhibited similar mode mics (0.12 to 0.25), with the exception of serratia (0.25-0.5), p. mirabilis (0.5), indole- ... | 1985 | 3911142 |
| comparison of aminoglycoside resistance patterns in japan, formosa, and korea, chile, and the united states. | the resistance mechanisms of more than 2,000 aminoglycoside-resistant gram-negative aerobic bacteria were estimated by a method that assigned a biochemical mechanism based on susceptibility to selected aminoglycosides. strains from hospitals in japan, formosa, and korea (the far east) were compared with strains from chile and the united states. of the strains from chile, 90% had an aminoglycoside resistance pattern indicative of the 3-n-acetyltransferase [aac(3)-v] enzyme. of the strains from th ... | 1985 | 3914858 |
| [effect of sulfonamides on the fatty acid composition of enterobacterial lipids]. | | 1985 | 3917183 |
| microbial colonization in a new intensive care burn unit. a prospective cohort study. | renovation of an existing intensive care burn facility required closure for ten months. an interim eight-bed open intensive care ward (b) was established in a burn convalescence ward. the renovated unit (a) contained nine single-bed intensive care rooms and seven intermediate-level care beds in four rooms. patients admitted to unit a were treated as a cohort. the first 25 admissions to unit a and the last 25 admissions to ward b meeting the inclusion criteria were compared. microbial colonizatio ... | 1985 | 3919688 |
| ro 17-2301: in vitro comparison with aztreonam, imipenem, ceftazidime, cefotaxime and netilmicin. | the in vitro activity of the novel monobactam antibiotic, ro 17-2301 has been compared with those of aztreonam, imipenem, ceftazidime, cefotaxime and netilmicin. a total of 438 clinical isolates of aerobic gram-negative rods were employed and an agar dilution method was used for measurement of mic. ro 17-2301 was highly active against a wide variety of enterobacteriaceae species (mic range less than or equal to 0.03-8, mic50 less than or equal to 0.03, mic90 0.06 mg/l). the activity of aztreonam ... | 1985 | 3928281 |
| antibiotic-resistant flora in nursing home patients admitted to the hospital. | to study carriage of multiply resistant gram-negative bacilli, 50 patients admitted to the hospital from nursing homes (nhs) and 50 control admissions not from nhs were matched for age and recent antibiotic use. their antibiotic resistance patterns were similar: 20 nh patients and 14 controls had resistant strains. however, significantly more patients (64%) from nhs with large numbers of "skilled beds" had resistant bacteria than did patients from small nhs (21%) or controls (28%). also, more pa ... | 1985 | 3929707 |
| infection control during parenteral nutrition therapy. | parenteral nutrition therapy can achieve an anabolic state in patients who are unable to maintain normal nitrogen balance; however, it may be associated with infectious complications. infections may be related to contamination of the cannula and the cannula wound, of the infusate, or of other parts of the parenteral nutrition system. a variety of microorganisms has been associated with these infections. the exact mechanisms that initiate cannula-related infection are poorly understood. susceptib ... | 1985 | 3934408 |
| [effect of a ticarcillin-clavulanic acid (timentin) combination on bacteria resistant to ticarcillin]. | sixty-nine ticarcillin-resistant strains (57 gram negative bacilli and 12 s. aureus) were tested: mics and mbcs were determined for clavulanic acid, ticarcillin, and both agents combined using a liquid micromethod. mics were compared to results of disk antibiotic sensitivity tests. while clavulanic acid exhibits little antibacterial activity, its action is synergistic with that of ticarcillin making 100% of staphylococci and 84.2% of gram negative bacilli susceptible. among the gram negative bac ... | 1985 | 3937121 |
| [in vitro effect of ceftriaxone on hospital bacteria. line of regression and critical values]. | antimicrobial activity of ceftriaxone, a new third generation cephalosporin, against hospital isolates was investigated. 312 strains belonging to the most commonly recovered species were studied using the following methods: agar diffusion (disk antibiotic testing), agar dilution (determination of mic) and dilution in a liquid medium with subculture to agar plates (determination of mbc). except for a few citrobacter strains and rare serratia strains, all enterobacteriaceae tested proved highly su ... | 1985 | 3937122 |
| [clinical evaluation of a ticarcillin-clavulanic acid combination in severe infections in adults]. | timentin (ticarcillin (tcr) + clavulanic acid (ac)) was given for severe bacterial infections to sixteen hospitalized patients (10 male and 6 female; 16 to 75 years of age; normal renal function in 12). infections included 8 septicemias (of which 4 were secondary to pyelonephritis), 6 pyelonephritis (in addition to the four above-mentioned cases), and 3 suppurated cellulitis of the lower limbs (with septicemia in one case). the following bacteria were recovered: 10 escherichia coli, 1 pseudomona ... | 1985 | 3937132 |
| effects of environment on infection in burn patients. | burn patients in an early cohort (n = 173) treated in an intensive care ward without separate enclosures were compared with a later cohort (n = 213) treated in a renovated unit with separate bed enclosures. the number of patients developing infection was significantly reduced in the late group. observed mortality was compared with mortality predicted on the basis of burn size and age alone. reduction in observed compared with predicted mortality, inapparent in the early group, was seen in the la ... | 1986 | 3942497 |
| selective and differential medium for the primary isolation of members of the proteeae. | a new differential and selective medium for the isolation of members of the proteeae, pim (proteeae isolation medium) agar, was developed and evaluated. the medium relies on the ability of all members of the proteeae (with the exception of a very few morganella morganii strains) to produce a dark brown pigment in medium containing dl-tryptophan. an additional differential property, tyrosine degradation, was also demonstrated by the medium. members of the proteeae appeared as dark brown colonies ... | 1986 | 3958148 |
| on percutaneous drainage of retroperitoneal collections: when is primary surgical drainage preferable? | percutaneous drainage of retroperitoneal collections is a method employed with an ever-increasing frequency. the indication for primary surgical drainage of these collections is rapidly decreasing. herein we describe what we consider to be the indications for primary surgical drainage of retroperitoneal collections illustrated by the recurrence of the abscess in 3 of our patients following adequate primary percutaneous drainage. | 1985 | 4024400 |
| comparative in vitro activity of temocillin. | the antibacterial activity of temocillin, a novel beta-lactam antibiotic, was tested against 796 clinical isolates. we also conducted a comparative study against 8 other antibiotics. temocillin exhibited good activity against gram-negative organisms including escherichia coli, and the genera proteus, enterobacter, serratia, klebsiella, citrobacter, providencia, salmonella, shigella and haemophilus: 98% of the strains were inhibited by concentrations less than or equal to 16 mg/l. the results of ... | 1985 | 4029029 |
| [electrophoretic polymorphism of lactate, malate and glutamate dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase and esterases of providencia alcalifaciens, p. stuartii and p. rustigianii]. | the polymorphism of glutamate, lactate and malate dehydrogenases, of acid phosphatase and of esterases of 27 strains of providencia alcalifaciens, 35 strains of p. stuartii and 17 strains of p. rustigianii was investigated by conventional electrophoresis in polyacrylamide agarose gel and by isoelectric focusing in thin-layer polyacrylamide gel. for each enzyme analysed, the three species were characterized by a distinct electrophoretic pattern. the number of allozymes detected by conventional el ... | 1985 | 4051454 |
| variable phenotypes of providencia stuartii due to plasmid-encoded traits. | weekly urine specimens from 51 long-term catheterized patients yielded 699 isolates of providencia stuartii. urease-positive strains represented 23.7% (166) of the isolates, sucrose-positive strains represented 24.5% (171), and lactose-utilizing strains represented 0.7% (5). urease and sucrose traits were transferred by conjugation to escherichia coli via an 82-kilobase plasmid; lactose fermentation was transferred by a 150-kilobase plasmid. | 1985 | 4056008 |
| a simple chromogenic test for rapid screening of proteus and providencia bacteria. | a rapid test for detection of p-nitrophenylalanine ammonia-lyase is described. the test is performed by suspending a loopful of bacteria in 0.5 ml of a buffered 1 mm solution of p-nitro-dl-phenylalanine (pnpa). the enzymatic activity is revealed by the formation of a yellow colour after 2 hours of incubation at 35 degrees c. out of 285 strains of different enterobacteria species positive results were shown only by 75 proteus and providence strains. thus, the pnpa test can be useful for rapid scr ... | 1985 | 4069012 |
| antiseptic-induced changes in the cell surface of a chlorhexidine-sensitive and a chlorhexidine-resistant strain of providencia stuartii. | the effects of chlorhexidine diacetate and benzalkonium chloride on the cell surface of a chlorhexidine-sensitive (pv 2) and a chlorhexidine-resistant (pv 67) strain of providencia stuartii are described. low concentrations of chlorhexidine diacetate (10 mg/l and upwards) increased the hydrophobicity of pv 2, whilst having little effect on pv 67. both strains were resistant to benzalkonium chloride but a concentration as low as 2 mg/l induced a significant increase in hydrophobicity in pv 2, wit ... | 1985 | 4093343 |
| letter: apparent emergence of gentamicin-resistant providencia stuartii during therapy with gentamicin. | | 1974 | 4136865 |
| infections caused by pseudomonas species in patients with burns and in other surgical patients. | | 1974 | 4138183 |
| rapid, specific microbiological assay for amikacin (bb-k8). | the emergence of a strain of providencia stuartii resistant to multiple antibiotics with the exception of amikacin provided a test organism for a microbiological assay for this new semisynthetic aminoglycosidic aminocyclitol. results can be read at 4 h and are specific for amikacin. the resistance of p. stuartii to all currently used antibiotics allows the utilization of this technique in the presence of other concurrently administered antibiotics and therefore eliminates the need for their inac ... | 1974 | 4157352 |
| comparison of in vitro antibacterial activities of gentamicin and verdamicin. | the in vitro activities of verdamicin and gentamicin were studied in parallel against 1,049 bacterial isolates. verdamicin demonstrated activity similar to that of gentamicin against members of the family enterobacteriaceae and against pseudomonas aeruginosa at 2 and 8 mug/ml, respectively. proteus rettgeri and providencia stuartii were notably more susceptible to verdamicin. the new aminoglycoside was also highly active against staphylococci but was not effective against group d streptococci. | 1974 | 4157358 |
| [statistical observation on chronological changes of sensitivity of various bacteria to antibiotics. 1. gram negative bacilli; escherichia coli, bacillus pneumoniae, proteus vulgaris, alcaligenes faecalis, cloaca, providencia, citrobactor, pseudomonas aeruginosa (1966-71)]. | | 1973 | 4198261 |
| [demonstration of various esterases extracted from bacteria of the proteus-providencia group]. | | 1973 | 4198802 |
| serological relationship between pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacteriaceae. ii. relationship of pseudomonas aeruginosa o antigens to escherichia, shigella, proteus, morganella, rettgerella and providencia. | | 1973 | 4205984 |
| comparative in vitro activity of three aminoglycosidic antibiotics: bb-k8, kanamycin, and gentamicin. | kanamycin, bb-k8, and gentamicin were tested in parallel against 1,037 bacterial strains isolated from clinical material. the activity of bb-k8 at 20 mug/ml was comparable to that of gentamicin at 8 mug/ml against pseudomonas aeruginosa and against enterobacteriaceae, with the exception of gentamicin-resistant strains of proteus rettgeri and providencia stuartii, in which case the activities of bb-k8 and kanamycin were the same. bb-k8 exhibited little or no activity against streptococci. the act ... | 1973 | 4208506 |
| release of surface enzymes in enterobacteriaceae by osmotic shock. | the process of osmotic shock, which has been used to release degradative enzymes from escherichia coli, can be applied successfully to other members of the enterobacteriaceae. cyclic phosphodiesterase (3'-nucleotidase), 5'-nucleotidase (diphosphate sugar hydrolase), acid hexose phosphatase, and acid phenyl phosphatase are released from shigella, enterobacter, citrobacter, and serratia strains. some strains of salmonella also release these enzymes. members of proteus and providencia groups fail t ... | 1967 | 4294595 |
| providencia measuring in a well water sample. | | 1972 | 4339093 |
| [pecularities in manifestations of infections caused by p. providenciae in the man and woman]. | | 1974 | 4453175 |
| phosphorylation of kanamycin, lividomycin a, amd butirosin b by providencia stuartii. | the isolation of providencia stuartii resistant to multiple aminoglycoside antibiotics prompted an investigation into the mechanism of their resistance. crude enzyme extracts of a strain of p. stuartii inactivated kanamycin, lividomycin a, and butirosin b in the presence of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (atp), as measured by a microbiological assay. the occurrence of inhibitory concentrations of 500 mug or greater per ml against kanamycin, lividomycin a, and butirosin b, coupled with the inactivatio ... | 1974 | 4455126 |
| a 2'-n-acetylating enzyme of aminoglycosides. | | 1974 | 4457531 |
| [isolation and characteristics of providence group bacteria of the clinical origin]. | | 1974 | 4475932 |
| emergence of resistance of providencia stuartii to multiple antibiotics: speciation and biochemical characterization of providencia. | | 1974 | 4493148 |
| providencia stuartii. | | 1973 | 4518224 |
| biochemical study of porteus inconstans (providencia). occurrence of urease positive strains. | | 1974 | 4528446 |
| antimicrobial resistance of the genera proteus, providencia and serratia with special reference to multiple resistance patterns. | | 1972 | 4554514 |
| [bacteria of genus providencia (review of the literature)]. | | 1972 | 4556693 |
| selective medium for hydrogen sulfide production by salmonellae. | triple sugar iron agar does not reveal hydrogen sulfide production by all salmonella organisms nor does it permit clear-cut separation of those nonsalmonellae which produce h(2)s. numerous media with varied combinations of nutrients, inhibitors, selective agents, ph levels, and metal salts were tested for h(2)s production of cultures of salmonella, citrobacter, edwardsiella, arizona, proteus, providencia, klebsiella, and enterobacter. an agar medium has been devised which promotes growth and h(2 ... | 1972 | 4557561 |
| catalase test as an aid to the identification of enterobacteriaceae. | although the catalase test has been used for many years for rapid differentiation of the genera of gram-positive organisms, little has been said about its use in the family enterobacteriaceae. it was further noted that a wide variety of methods exist for the execution of the catalase test, that there is no universally accepted strength specified for the hydrogen peroxide, and that no gradations for the vigor and speed of the reaction have been mentioned. under the conditions of the clinical labo ... | 1972 | 4560474 |
| rapid identification of proteus species and providencia by a simple two-step procedure. | | 1973 | 4592970 |
| high frequency transduction of kanamycin resistance in proteus mirabilis. | | 1974 | 4615126 |
| providencia stuartii sepsis: a new challenge in the treatment of thermal injury. | | 1973 | 4633387 |
| cephamycins, a new family of beta-lactam antibiotics. 3. in vitro studies. | cephamycins a, b, and c are naturally produced cephalosporin-type antibiotics. although a and b were found to be more active than c against gram-positive organisms, they were not so active against such strains as are cephalosporin c or the semisynthetic antibiotics cephaloridine and cephalothin. against gram-negative organisms, cephamycin c was more active than a or b and, in general, was as active as the cephalosporins. in addition, cephamycin c was active in vitro against clinically isolated s ... | 1972 | 4670501 |
| fatty acid composition of paracolons: arizona, citrobacter, and providencia. | the fatty acid compositions of stationary-phase cultures of arizona arizonae, citrobacter freundii, providencia alcalifaciens, providencia stuartii, and providencia sp. were studied. the major fatty acids of a. arizonae, c. freundii, and providencia were 16:0, 16:1, 17:cyclopropane, and 19:cyclopropane. the fatty acid compositions of the two strains of a. arizonae examined were similar to each other, but the three strains of c. freundii differed from one another in their fatty acid compositions. ... | 1973 | 4698216 |
| nosocomially acquired bacteriuria due to proteus rettgeri and providencia stuartii. | | 1973 | 4758277 |
| in vitro bactericidal effectiveness of four aminoglycoside antibiotics. | the antibacterial activity of four aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin, sch 13706, tobramycin, and sisomicin) was tested against eight gram-negative and three gram-positive species. a total of 323 strains were studied by the broth dilution technique. tobramycin and sisomicin had greater bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against pseudomonas strains than did gentamicin and sch 13706. of the four antibiotics, sisomicin was most active against klebsiella, enterobacter, escherichia coli, in ... | 1973 | 4790579 |
| [antibacterial activity of tobramycin on providencia]. | | 1974 | 4837115 |
| combined medium to determine deoxyribonuclease activity and phenylalanine deamination by enterobacteriaceae. | a combination medium has been developed to aid in the identification of serratia and urease-negative providencia recovered from clinical specimens. | 1970 | 4908534 |
| salmonella versus providencia on specific media. | | 1971 | 4932307 |
| r-b enteric differential system for identification of enterobacteriaceae. | the r/b enteric differential system for identifying enteric bacteria has been evaluated with 451 "unknown" cultures from the stock culture collection of the center for disease control. an average of 89.6% of these cultures were correctly identified by the r/b system, when used as recommended by the manufacturer but without the assistance of serology. this percentage ranged, however, from 47% for klebsiella to 100% for serratia and providencia. of 11 groups or genera of enterobacteriaceae tested, ... | 1971 | 4935490 |
| [bacteria providencia as possible agents of dysentery-like diseases]. | | 1970 | 4938210 |