| specificity and reversibility of the transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by the streptomyces r61 d-ala-d-ala peptidase. | the specificity of the streptomyces r61 penicillin-sensitive d-ala-d-ala peptidase has been re-examined with the help of synthetic substrates. the products of the transpeptidation reactions obtained with gly-l-xaa dipeptides as acceptor substrates are themselves poor substrates of the enzyme. this is in apparent contradiction with the classically accepted specificity rules for d-ala-d-ala peptidases. the gly-l-xaa dipeptide is regenerated by both the hydrolysis and transpeptidation reactions. th ... | 2005 | 16199665 |
| helicase89b is a mot1p/btaf1 homologue that mediates an antimicrobial response in drosophila. | we have identified a novel component, helicase89b, that is required for the inducible antimicrobial response in drosophila larvae by means of a p-element insertional genetic screen. helicase89b belongs to the mot1p/btaf1 subfamily of snf2-like atpases. this subfamily can interact with tata-binding proteins, but whether the interaction leads to gene activation or repression is being debated. we found that helicase89b is required for the inducible expression of antimicrobial peptide genes but not ... | 2005 | 16200050 |
| hfq-dependent regulation of ompa synthesis is mediated by an antisense rna. | this paper shows that the small rna mica (previously srad) is an antisense regulator of ompa in escherichia coli. mica accumulates upon entry into stationary phase and down-regulates the level of ompa mrna. regulation of ompa (outer membrane protein a), previously attributed to hfq/mrna binding, is lost upon deletion of the mica gene, whereas overexpression of mica inhibits the synthesis of ompa. in vitro, mica binds to the ompa mrna leader. enzymatic and chemical probing was used to map the str ... | 2005 | 16204185 |
| shv-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production is associated with reduced cefepime susceptibility in enterobacter cloacae. | cefepime is a potentially useful antibiotic for treatment of infections with enterobacter cloacae. however, in our institution the mic(90) for e. cloacae bloodstream isolates is 16 microg/ml. pcr amplification of bla genes revealed that one-third (15/45) of e. cloacae bloodstream isolates produced shv-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) in addition to hyperproduction of ampc-type beta-lactamases. the majority (11/15) of esbl producers also produced the tem-1 beta-lactamase. the shv ty ... | 2005 | 16207962 |
| molecular characterization of hand flora and environmental isolates in a community setting. | we analyzed 69 bacterial isolates, comprising seven species of gram-negative bacterial rods and three species of coagulase-negative staphylococci, recovered from both the hands of caretakers and their environment in households sampled in upper manhattan. repetitive sequence-based pcr and dendrogram analysis were used to determine strain similarity. greater than 25% of individual species of acinetobacter, enterobacter, and coagulase-negative staphylococci recovered from the hands and immediate en ... | 2005 | 16207984 |
| contribution of systematic serological testing in diagnosis of infective endocarditis. | despite progress with diagnostic criteria, the type and timing of laboratory tests used to diagnose infective endocarditis (ie) have not been standardized. this is especially true with serological testing. patients with suspected ie were evaluated by a standard diagnostic protocol. this protocol mandated an evaluation of the patients according to the modified duke criteria and used a battery of laboratory investigations, including three sets of blood cultures and systematic serological testing f ... | 2005 | 16207989 |
| evaluation of a rapid direct assay for identification of bacteria and the mec a and van genes from positive-testing blood cultures. | we performed the first evaluation of a dna strip assay (genotype blood culture; hain lifescience, nehren, germany) for the detection of the most relevant bacterial sepsis pathogens directly from positive bactec blood culture bottles (becton dickinson, heidelberg, germany). the test comprises two panels, one for the direct species identification of important gram-positive cocci and the other for gram-negative rods. additionally, detection of the mec a and the van genes are implemented. the genoty ... | 2005 | 16207992 |
| characterisation of the microflora of attiéké, a fermented cassava product, during traditional small-scale preparation. | attiéké is a fermented cassava product consumed mainly in cote d'ivoire. the aim of this study was to characterise the attiéké fermentation by examining products from 15 small-scale production sites at various stages of its preparation. for the preparation of attiéké, fresh cassava is grated to a pulp and inoculated with 10% of a spontaneous traditional inoculum. the inocula contained aerobic mesophiles at mean numbers of 8.2 x 10(7) cfu/g and lactic and acetic acids at mean concentrations of 0. ... | 2006 | 16213052 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: a clinical update. | extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) are a rapidly evolving group of beta-lactamases which share the ability to hydrolyze third-generation cephalosporins and aztreonam yet are inhibited by clavulanic acid. typically, they derive from genes for tem-1, tem-2, or shv-1 by mutations that alter the amino acid configuration around the active site of these beta-lactamases. this extends the spectrum of beta-lactam antibiotics susceptible to hydrolysis by these enzymes. an increasing number of esbls ... | 2005 | 16223952 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-negative bacteria in brazilian hospitals: the mystic program brazil 2003. | establish the susceptibility pattern of gram-negative bacteria causing infections in icu patients, mystic program brazil 2003. gram-negative bacteria (n = 1,550) causing nosocomial infections were collected at 20 brazilian centers. the central laboratory confirmed the identification and performed the susceptibility tests by etest methodology (ab biodisk, solna, sweden) for meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefotaxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, gentamicin, and tobramycin. ... | 2005 | 16224628 |
| extended spectrum beta-lactamases among gram-negative bacteria of nosocomial origin from an intensive care unit of a tertiary health facility in tanzania. | resistance to third generation cephalosporins due to acquisition and expression of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) enzymes among gram-negative bacteria is on the increase. presence of esbl producing organisms has been reported to significantly affect the course and outcome of an infection. therefore infections due to esbl isolates continue to pose a challenge to infection management worldwide. the aim of this study was to determine the existence and to describe phenotypic and genotypic c ... | 2005 | 16225701 |
| calcaneal osteomyelitis due to fistulization of an ulcerated rheumatoid nodule. | calcaneal osteomyelitis is uncommon and difficult to treat. cases due to fistulization of an infected rheumatoid nodule are exceedingly rare. | 2006 | 16226476 |
| pentadactylin: an antimicrobial peptide from the skin secretions of the south american bullfrog leptodactylus pentadactylus. | norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions were obtained from male specimens of the south american bullfrog, leptodactylus pentadactylus and shown to contain two peptides that inhibited the growth of microorganisms. the primary structure of a previously undescribed peptide, termed pentadactylin, was established as gly-leu-leu-asp-thr-leu-lys-gly-ala-ala-lys-asn-val-val-gly-ser-leu-ala-ser-lys-val-met-glu-lys-leu.nh2. the second peptide, which differs from pentadactylin by eight amino acid residue ... | 2005 | 16236555 |
| stationary-phase regulation of rpos translation in escherichia coli. | in enteric bacteria, adaptation to a number of different stresses is mediated by the rpos protein, one of several sigma factors that collectively allow a tailored transcriptional response to environmental cues. stress stimuli including low temperature, osmotic shock, nutrient limitation, and growth to stationary phase (sp) all result in a substantial increase in rpos abundance and activity. the mechanism of regulation depends on the specific signal but may occur at the level of transcription, tr ... | 2005 | 16237004 |
| in vitro influence of bacterial mixtures on fusarium verticillioides growth and fumonisin b1 production: effect of seeds treatment on maize root colonization. | enterobacter cloacae, microbacterium oleovorans, pseudomonas solanacearum and bacillus subtilis were investigated in order to evaluate: (i) the inoculum size of two bacterial mixtures on fusarium verticillioides growth and fumonisin b1 production in vitro at different water activities and (ii) the efficacy of a seed treatment with the best bacterial mixture on f. verticillioides root colonization in greenhouse studies. | 2005 | 16238641 |
| peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 (n-acetylmuramoyl-l-ala amidase) is induced in keratinocytes by bacteria through the p38 kinase pathway. | human peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 (pglyrp2) is an n-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase that hydrolyzes bacterial peptidoglycan and is constitutively produced in the liver and secreted into the blood. here we demonstrate that pglyrp2 was not expressed in healthy human skin and had low expression in the eye. however, upon exposure to gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria or cytokines, pglyrp2 expression was highly induced in keratinocytes and to a lower level in corneal epithelial cells. ... | 2005 | 16239516 |
| antibiotic resistance in outpatient urinary isolates: final results from the north american urinary tract infection collaborative alliance (nautica). | the goal of the north american urinary tract infection collaborative alliance (nautica) study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility to commonly used agents for urinary tract infections against outpatient urinary isolates obtained in various geographic regions in the usa and canada. forty-one medical centres (30 from the usa and 11 from canada) participated, with each centre submitting up to 50 consecutive outpatient midstream urine isolates. isolates were identified to species level by the ... | 2005 | 16243229 |
| surveillance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases from clinical samples and faecal carriers in barcelona, spain. | the aim of the present study was to characterize and compare the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing organisms isolated from clinical samples and faecal carriers in 2001 and 2002. | 2005 | 16244084 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa ampr is a global transcriptional factor that regulates expression of ampc and poxb beta-lactamases, proteases, quorum sensing, and other virulence factors. | in members of the family enterobacteriaceae, ampc, which encodes a beta-lactamase, is regulated by an upstream, divergently transcribed gene, ampr. however, in pseudomonas aeruginosa, the regulation of ampc is not understood. in this study, we compared the characteristics of a p. aeruginosa ampr mutant, paoampr, with that of an isogenic ampr+ parent. the ampr mutation greatly altered ampc production. in the absence of antibiotic, paoampr expressed increased basal beta-lactamase levels. however, ... | 2005 | 16251297 |
| molecular analysis of the simultaneous production of two shv-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in a clinical isolate of enterobacter cloacae by using single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping. | bacteria that simultaneously produce multiple extended-spectrum beta-lactamases are frequently isolated. we report an enterobacter cloacae isolate, es24, producing four different beta-lactamases (ampc type beta-lactamase, tem-1, shv-7, and a novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, shv-30). direct sequencing of bla(shv) gene products gave a "double peak" at position 703, suggesting the presence of more than one allele. using fluorescence resonance energy transfer real-time pcr to detect single-nu ... | 2005 | 16251316 |
| molecular mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance mediated by ampc hyperproduction in pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains. | the molecular mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance mediated by ampc hyperproduction in natural strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated in a collection of 10 isogenic, ceftazidime-susceptible and -resistant pairs of isolates, each sequentially recovered from a different intensive care unit patient treated with beta-lactams. all 10 ceftazidime-resistant mutants hyper-produced ampc (beta-lactamase activities were 12- to 657-fold higher than those of the parent strains), but none of them ... | 2005 | 16251318 |
| ctx-m-2 and a new ctx-m-39 enzyme are the major extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in multiple escherichia coli clones isolated in tel aviv, israel. | the rate of occurrence of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing phenotype among escherichia coli isolates in tel aviv is 12% (22). the aim of this study was to understand the molecular epidemiology of e. coli esbl producers and to identify the esbl genes carried by them. we studied 20 single-patient esbl-producing e. coli clinical isolates. they comprised 11 distinct nonrelated pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) genotypes: six isolates belonged to the same pfge clone, four o ... | 2005 | 16251320 |
| kinetics study of kpc-3, a plasmid-encoded class a carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase. | the kinetic activity of kpc-3, a plasmid-encoded class a carbapenemase, was studied. it hydrolyzed penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and even sulbactam. the best substrate was cephalothin (k(cat/k)m = 3.48 microm(-1) s(-1)). the efficiency of the enzyme was similar for imipenem and meropenem (k(cat)/k(m), 1.4 and 1.94 microm(-1) s(-1), respectively). | 2005 | 16251324 |
| comparison of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome between monomicrobial and polymicrobial pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial bloodstream infections. | some studies of nosocomial bloodstream infection (nbsi) have demonstrated a higher mortality for polymicrobial bacteremia when compared to monomicrobial nbsi. the purpose of this study was to compare differences in systemic inflammatory response and mortality between monomicrobial and polymicrobial nbsi with pseudomonas aeruginosa. | 2005 | 16259623 |
| high prevalence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnra in multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae from blood cultures in liverpool, uk. | to determine the prevalence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnra gene in a selected collection of blood culture isolates of enterobacteriaceae resistant to both ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime. | 2005 | 16260446 |
| common beta-lactamases inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. | beta-lactamases, which evolved from bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) involved in peptidoglycan (pg) synthesis, confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. while investigating the genetic basis of biofilm development by pseudomonas aeruginosa, we noted that plasmid vectors encoding the common beta-lactamase marker tem-1 caused defects in twitching motility (mediated by type iv pili), adherence and biofilm formation without affecting growth rates. similarly, strains of escherichia co ... | 2005 | 16262787 |
| rapid, specific and quantitative assays for the detection of the endophytic bacterium methylobacterium mesophilicum in plants. | xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-limited bacterium that causes citrus variegated chlorosis disease in sweet orange. there is evidence that x. fastidiosa interacts with endophytic bacteria present in the xylem of sweet orange, and that these interactions, particularly with methylobacterium mesophilicum, may affect disease progress. however, these interactions cannot be evaluated in detail until efficient methods for detection and enumeration of these bacteria in planta are developed. we have previou ... | 2006 | 16266765 |
| dissemination of the metallo-beta-lactamase gene blaimp-4 among gram-negative pathogens in a clinical setting in australia. | the clinical utility of carbapenems is under threat because of the emergence of acquired metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl) genes. we describe the first outbreak in australia of infection and/or colonization with gram-negative pathogens carrying the mbl gene blaimp-4. | 2005 | 16267725 |
| bullous haemorrhagic cellulitis caused by enterobacter cloacae. | | 2005 | 16268890 |
| enhanced hydrogen production from formic acid by formate hydrogen lyase-overexpressing escherichia coli strains. | genetic recombination of escherichia coli in conjunction with process manipulation was employed to elevate the efficiency of hydrogen production in the resultant strain sr13 2 orders of magnitude above that of conventional methods. the formate hydrogen lyase (fhl)-overexpressing strain sr13 was constructed by combining fhl repressor (hyca) inactivation with fhl activator (fhla) overexpression. transcription of large-subunit formate dehydrogenase, fdhf, and large-subunit hydrogenase, hyce, in str ... | 2005 | 16269707 |
| 16s rrna gene-based identification of midgut bacteria from field-caught anopheles gambiae sensu lato and a. funestus mosquitoes reveals new species related to known insect symbionts. | field-collected mosquitoes of the two main malaria vectors in africa, anopheles gambiae sensu lato and anopheles funestus, were screened for their midgut bacterial contents. the midgut from each blood-fed mosquito was screened with two different detection pathways, one culture independent and one culture dependent. bacterial species determination was achieved by sequence analysis of 16s rrna genes. altogether, 16 species from 14 genera were identified, 8 by each method. interestingly, several of ... | 2005 | 16269761 |
| survival curves for microbial species stored by freeze-drying. | the survival of a variety of species of microorganism following storage for up to 20 years has been analyzed. the organisms were freeze-dried, sealed in ampoules under vacuum (<1 pa) and stored in the dark at 5 degrees c. the yeast that was tested, saccharomyces cerevisiae, showed only 8% survival when recovered shortly after freeze-drying, but subsequent loss during storage was the least among all the tested microorganisms. the decrease in the logarithm of survival per year (log survival) was - ... | 2006 | 16271358 |
| resilience of the dominant human fecal microbiota upon short-course antibiotic challenge. | recent studies have shown that the human fecal microbiota is composed of a consortium of species specific to the host and resistant to modifications over time. antibiotics are known to affect the intestinal microflora, and ensuing changes may result in antibiotic-associated diarrhea. it is therefore important to characterize the nature and amplitude of these modifications and the ability of this ecosystem to return to its original profile-i.e., its resilience. six healthy volunteers received ora ... | 2005 | 16272491 |
| identification of anrf gene, a homology of admm of andrimid biosynthetic gene cluster related to the antagonistic activity of enterobacter cloacae b8. | to identify the gene (s) related to the antagonistic activity of enterobacter cloacae b8 and to elucidate its antagonistic mechanism. | 2005 | 16273642 |
| a beta-lactamase with reduced immunogenicity for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics using antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy. | antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (adept) delivers chemotherapeutic agents in high concentration to tumor tissue while minimizing systemic drug exposure. beta-lactamases are particularly useful enzymes for adept systems due to their unique substrate specificity that allows the activation of a variety of lactam-based prodrugs with minimal interference from mammalian enzymes. we evaluated the amino acid sequence of beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae for the presence of human t-cell ep ... | 2005 | 16276001 |
| hospital-acquired sinusitis is a common cause of fever of unknown origin in orotracheally intubated critically ill patients. | sinusitis is a well recognised but insufficiently understood complication of critical illness. it has been linked to nasotracheal intubation, but its occurrence after orotracheal intubation is less clear. we studied the incidence of sinusitis in patients with fever of unknown origin (fuo) in our intensive care unit with the aim of establishing a protocol that would be applicable in everyday clinical practice. | 2005 | 16277722 |
| [profiles of the utilization of 20 amino acids as the only source of nitrogen and carbon in bacteria of the genera klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia, escherichia]. | the profiles of the utilization of 20 protein amino acids in 118 klebsiella pneumoniae sub- sp. pneumoniae, k. oxytoca, k. planticola, k. mobilis, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marscescens, s. liquefaciens, escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical material were studied. the utilization of amino acids was determined on minimal saline agar containing amino acid as the only source of nitrogen and carbon; the results were evaluated after 72-hour incubation at 37 degrees c. 17 profiles of ami ... | 2005 | 16279526 |
| relationships between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria causing nosocomial infections from 1991-2003 at a university hospital in taiwan. | this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial use in a university hospital in taiwan. disk susceptibility data of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, proteus spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter spp., stenotrophomonas maltophilia and other non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli causing nosocomial infections were evaluated. data on annual patient-days and annual consumption (defined d ... | 2005 | 16280243 |
| identification and characterization of a novel outer membrane protein (omp j) of moraxella catarrhalis that exists in two major forms. | moraxella catarrhalis is a common commensal of the human respiratory tract that has been associated with a number of disease states, including acute otitis media in children and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults. during studies to investigate the outer membrane proteins of this bacterium, two novel major proteins, of approximately 19 kda and 16 kda (named omp j1 and omp j2, respectively), were identified. further analysis indicated that these two proteins possessed ... | 2005 | 16291671 |
| comparative characterization and expression analysis of the four old yellow enzyme homologues from shewanella oneidensis indicate differences in physiological function. | shewanella oneidensis contains four genes that encode proteins that have high sequence identity with yeast oye (old yellow enzyme, an nadph oxidoreductase), the well-studied archetype of the oye protein family. the present paper describes the first comparative study of oyes that are present in a single bacterial species, performed to gain insight into their biochemical properties and physiological importance. the four proteins [named sye1-sye4 (shewanella yellow enzyme 1-4)] were expressed as gl ... | 2006 | 16293111 |
| enterobacter cloacae, an obligatory endophyte of pollen grains of mediterranean pines. | enterobacter cloacae was found to be associated with the pollen of several mediterranean pines. the bacterium was detected only in mature pollen of pinus halepensis, p. brutia, and p. pinea. e. cloacae is considered to be an obligatory endophyte based on its occurrence in disinfected male cones and the successful inoculation of seedlings of the above 3 species with e. cloacae as1 isolated from pollen of p. halepensis used as a model strain. strain as1 was able to produce indolyl-3-acetic acid (i ... | 2005 | 16295659 |
| functional insights from the structural modelling of a small fe-hydrogenase. | recently, a novel fe-hydrogenase from a high rate of hydrogen producing enterobacter cloacae strain iit-bt08 was identified and partially characterized. this 147 residue protein was found to be much smaller than previously known fe-hydrogenases, yet retaining a high catalytic activity. we predicted the structure of this protein and found it to be structurally similar to one of the two sub-domains containing the catalytic h-cluster so far jointly present in all other fe-hydrogenases. this novel a ... | 2006 | 16297868 |
| structure-guided discovery of novel aminoglycoside mimetics as antibacterial translation inhibitors. | we report the structure-guided discovery, synthesis, and initial characterization of 3,5-diamino-piperidinyl triazines (dapt), a novel translation inhibitor class that targets bacterial rrna and exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. dapt compounds were designed as structural mimetics of aminoglycoside antibiotics which bind to the bacterial ribosomal decoding site and thereby interfere with translational fidelity. we found that dapt compounds bind to oligonucleotide models of decoding- ... | 2005 | 16304156 |
| beta-lactam resistance in staphylococcus aureus cells that do not require a cell wall for integrity. | staphylococcus aureus atcc 9144 cells with defective cell walls were generated on a medium with elevated osmolality in the presence of sublethal levels of penicillin g. on removal of antibiotic pressure, the cells exhibited stable penicillin and methicillin resistance. the resistance was homogeneous and its acquisition was enhanced following transient cell wall-defective growth. the resistant cells were meca negative, beta-lactamase negative and did not contain any mutations in the coding region ... | 2005 | 16304175 |
| in vitro activity of isepamicin against pseudomomas aeruginosa and enterobacter cloacae strains resistant to amikacin: a preliminary report. | | 1989 | 16312458 |
| two exo-beta-d-glucosaminidases/exochitosanases from actinomycetes define a new subfamily within family 2 of glycoside hydrolases. | a glcnase (exo-beta-d-glucosaminidase) was purified from culture supernatant of amycolatopsis orientalis subsp. orientalis grown in medium with chitosan. the enzyme hydrolysed the terminal glcn (glucosamine) residues in oligomers of glcn with transglycosylation observed at late reaction stages. 1h-nmr spectroscopy revealed that the enzyme is a retaining glycoside hydrolase. the glcnase also behaved as an exochitosanase against high-molecular-mass chitosan with k(m) and kcat values of 0.16 mg/ml ... | 2006 | 16316314 |
| comparison of the minimum inhibitory, mutant prevention and minimum bactericidal concentrations of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and garenoxacin against enteric gram-negative urinary tract infection pathogens. | acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections (utis) are among the most commonly encountered bacterial infections and management has been made more complicated in the last decade due to the trend toward increasing antimicrobial resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx). fluoroquinolones are suggested as alternative antimicrobials for the treatment of utis in communities for which tmp/smx resistance is > or = 10%. the mutant-prevention concentration (mpc) is a novel sus ... | 2005 | 16323436 |
| transgenic ice nucleation-active enterobacter cloacae reduces cold hardiness of corn borer and cotton bollworm larvae. | the ice nucleation (in) gene icea of erwinia ananas 110 was integrated into the chromosomes of two enterobacter cloacae strains (enc1.2022 and enc1.181). these two newly derived transgenic strains, designated enc2022-i and enc181-i, respectively, possessed ice nucleation activity at -2.5 degrees c, significantly higher than their parent strains (active at approx -10 degrees c or lower). after ingesting these transgenic bacteria, the mean supercooling points (scps) of corn borer and cotton bollwo ... | 2004 | 16329857 |
| different transition-state structures for the reactions of beta-lactams and analogous beta-sultams with serine beta-lactamases. | beta-sultams are the sulfonyl analogues of beta-lactams, and n-acyl beta-sultams are novel inactivators of the class c beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae p99. they sulfonylate the active site serine residue to form a sulfonate ester which subsequently undergoes c-o bond fission and formation of a dehydroalanine residue by elimination of the sulfonate anion as shown by electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. the analogous n-acyl beta-lactams are substrates for beta-lactamase and undergo en ... | 2005 | 16332108 |
| l-selective amidase with extremely broad substrate specificity from ochrobactrum anthropi ncimb 40321. | an industrially attractive l-specific amidase was purified to homogeneity from ochrobactrum anthropi ncimb 40321 wild-type cells. the purified amidase displayed maximum initial activity between ph 6 and 8.5 and was fully stable for at least 1 h up to 60 degrees c. the purified enzyme was strongly inhibited by the metal-chelating compounds edta and 1,10-phenanthroline. the activity of the edta-treated enzyme could be restored by the addition of zn2+ (to 80%), mn2+ (to 400%), and mg2+ (to 560%). s ... | 2005 | 16332774 |
| two novel bacterial biosensors for detection of nitrate availability in the rhizosphere. | the nitrate-regulated promoter of narg in escherichia coli was fused to promoterless ice nucleation (inaz) and green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter genes to yield the nitrate-responsive gene fusions in plasmids pnice and pngfp, respectively. while the promoter of narg is normally nitrate responsive only under anaerobic conditions, the l28h-fnr gene was provided in trans to enable nitrate-dependent expression of these reporter gene fusions even under aerobic conditions in both e. coli dh5alph ... | 2005 | 16332845 |
| evaluation of a (1->3)-beta-d-glucan assay for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections. | the fungitell assay (associates of cape cod, inc.) is a commercial test that detects (1-3)-beta-d-glucan (bg) and is intended for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections. to evaluate the fungitell assay, we tested serum and plasma samples from healthy blood donors and from patients with blood cultures positive for yeast or bacteria. all 36 blood donors were bg negative, and 13 of 15 candidemic patients were bg positive. of 25 bacteremic patients, 14 (10 with gram-positive bacteremia) were bg pos ... | 2005 | 16333082 |
| interaction of zwitterionic penicillins with the ompf channel facilitates their translocation. | to study translocation of beta-lactam antibiotics of different size and charge across the outer bacterial membrane, we combine an analysis of ion currents through single trimeric outer membrane protein f (ompf) porins in planar lipid bilayers with molecular dynamics simulations. because the size of penicillin molecules is close to the size of the narrowest part of the ompf pore, penicillins occlude the pore during their translocation. favorably interacting penicillins cause time-resolvable trans ... | 2006 | 16339889 |
| interaction of zwitterionic penicillins with the ompf channel facilitates their translocation. | to study translocation of beta-lactam antibiotics of different size and charge across the outer bacterial membrane, we combine an analysis of ion currents through single trimeric outer membrane protein f (ompf) porins in planar lipid bilayers with molecular dynamics simulations. because the size of penicillin molecules is close to the size of the narrowest part of the ompf pore, penicillins occlude the pore during their translocation. favorably interacting penicillins cause time-resolvable trans ... | 2006 | 16339889 |
| outbreak of catheter-associated klebsiella oxytoca and enterobacter cloacae bloodstream infections in an oncology chemotherapy center. | in march 2004, the chicago department of public health was notified of a cluster of bloodstream infections with klebsiella oxytoca and enterobacter cloacae at a chemotherapy center. our purpose was to identify the source of the outbreak and prevent further cases. | 2005 | 16344422 |
| acetylene reduction (nitrogen fixation) by enterobacteriaceae isolated from paper mill process waters. | using selective media containing galactitol, over 130 enterobacteriaceae have been isolated from paper mill process waters collected from different localities. these bacteria were extensively characterized and tested for acetylene-reducing (nitrogen-fixing) activity under anaerobic conditions. high activity was found in representatives of klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter cloacae, erwinia herbicola, citrobacter freundii, citrobacter intermedius, and escherichia coli. un ... | 1976 | 16345168 |
| limax amoebae in public swimming pools of albany, schenectady, and rensselaer counties, new york: their concentration, correlations, and significance. | a survey was conducted on 30 halogenated public swimming pools, located in albany, schenectady, and rensselaer counties, to determine their open-water limax amoeba densities. six were outdoor pools. other variables measured were the standard plate count, total seston, free residual chlorine or bromine, total alkalinity, total hardness, orthophosphate, total soluble phosphorus, specific conductance, ph, temperature, and several engineering parameters including the rate and type of filtration as w ... | 1977 | 16345206 |
| enumeration and identification of nitrogen-fixing bacteria from forage grass roots. | root-soil cores were collected from forage grasses growing in a subtropical region of texas and tested for acetylene reduction activity. the population density of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was measured, using various media and incubation conditions. bacteria were confirmed as nitrogen fixing, using the acetylene reduction assay, and were classified according to standard biochemical and cultural methods. the majority of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from roots were enterobacter cloacae or ... | 1981 | 16345819 |
| nitrogen-fixing bacteria from warty lenticellate bark of a mangrove tree, bruguiera gymnorrhiza (l.) lamk. | detached warty lenticellate bark of a mangrove tree species, bruguiera gymnorrhiza (l.) lamk. from iriomote island, okinawa, a subtropical region of japan, showed development of acetylene reduction activity when incubated in a mineral nutrient solution lacking nitrogen under an atmosphere consisting of 5% o(2), 90% n(2), and 5% c(2)h(2). the bacteria responsible for nitrogen fixation were isolated from the bark, and their capacity for acetylene reduction and the incorporation of n(2) into the ba ... | 1984 | 16346458 |
| variability of the influence of physicochemical factors affecting bacterial adhesion to polystyrene substrata. | the role of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and solid and liquid surface tensions in the adhesion of four bacterial species (pseudomonas fluorescens, enterobacter cloacae, chromobacterium sp., and flexibacter sp.) to hydrophobic polystyrene petri dishes and to more hydrophilic polystyrene tissue culture dishes was investigated. the effect of electrostatic interactions was investigated by determining the effects of different electrolyte solutions on attachment to and of different elect ... | 1986 | 16347145 |
| isolation and characterization of an enterobacter cloacae strain that reduces hexavalent chromium under anaerobic conditions. | an enterobacter cloacae strain (ho1) capable of reducing hexavalent chromium (chromate) was isolated from activated sludge. this bacterium was resistant to chromate under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. only the anaerobic culture of the e. cloacae isolate showed chromate reduction. in the anaerobic culture, yellow turned white with chromate and the turbidity increased as the reduction proceeded, suggesting that insoluble chromium hydroxide was formed. e. cloacae is likely to utilize toxic ... | 1989 | 16347962 |
| transconjugation between bacteria in the digestive tract of the cutworm peridroma saucia. | transconjugants arising from transfer of plasmid r388::tn1721 between donor and recipient strains of enterobacter cloacae were detected in samples from the digestive tracts and fecal pellets of variegated cutworms (peridroma saucia). | 1990 | 16348197 |
| evaluation of methods for sampling, recovery, and enumeration of bacteria applied to the phylloplane. | determining the fate and survival of genetically engineered microorganisms released into the environment requires the development and application of accurate and practical methods of detection and enumeration. several experiments were performed to examine quantitative recovery methods that are commonly used or that have potential applications. in these experiments, erwinia herbicola and enterobacter cloacae were applied in greenhouses to blue lake bush beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and cayuse oats ... | 1991 | 16348404 |
| photoadaptation alters the ingestion rate of paramecium bursaria, a mixotrophic ciliate. | bacteriovorous protozoa harboring symbiotic algae are abundant in aquatic ecosystems, yet despite a recent interest in protozoan bacterivory, the influence of light on their ingestion rates has not been investigated. in this study, paramecium bursaria containing endosymbiotic chlorella was tested for the effect of light on its ingestion rate. p. bursaria was grown for 4 to 6 days under five different light fluxes ranging from 1 to 90 microeinsteins s m. ingestion rates were determined by using 0 ... | 1991 | 16348540 |
| isolation and characterization of microorganisms associated with the traditional sorghum fermentation for production of sudanese kisra. | sorghum flour obtained from sudan was mixed with water in a 1:2 (wt/vol) ratio and fermented at 30 degrees c for 24 h. the bacterial populations increased with fermentation time and reached a plateau at approximately 18 h. at the end of 24 h, sorghum batter ph had dropped from 5.95 to 3.95 and the batter had a lactic acid content of 0.80%. the microbial population during the 24 h of fermentation consisted of bacteria (pediococcus pentosaceus, lactobacillus confusus, lactobacillus brevis, lactoba ... | 1991 | 16348551 |
| effects of genetically engineered microorganisms on nitrogen transformations and nitrogen-transforming microbial populations in soil. | the principal concern about releasing genetically engineered microorganisms (gems) into the environment is their potential adverse effects on the environment, whether caused directly or indirectly by the gems. the effects of five gems on ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification in soil were studied. with the possible exception of a strain of enterobacter cloacae carrying a plasmid, no consistent statistically or ecologically significant differences in effects on these processes or on t ... | 1991 | 16348584 |
| isolation and characterization of a mo -reducing bacterium. | a mo -reducing bacterium (strain 48), which grew on medium supplemented with 200 mm mo, was isolated from stream water obtained from chengkau, malaysia. the chemical properties of strain 48 conform to the characteristics of enterobacter cloacae. under anaerobic conditions in the glucose-yeast extract medium containing phosphate ion (2.9 mm) and mo (10 mm), the bacterium reduced mo to form molybdenum blue. approximately 27% of mo added to the medium was reduced after 28 h of cultivation. the redu ... | 1993 | 16348915 |
| cloning and characterization of aerobactin biosynthesis genes of the biological control agent enterobacter cloacae. | five strains of enterobacter cloacae that are biological control agents of pythium damping-off diseases produced the hydroxamate siderophore aerobactin under iron-limiting conditions. genes determining aerobactin biosynthesis of the biocontrol strain e. cloacae ecct-501 were localized to a 12.3-kb region, which conferred aerobactin production to escherichia coli dh5alpha. the aerobactin biosynthesis genes of e. cloacae hybridized to those of the pcolv-k30 plasmid of e. coli, but restriction patt ... | 1993 | 16349118 |
| optimization of novel extracellular polysaccharide production by an enterobacter sp, on wood hydrolysates. | an environmental isolate identified as enterobacter cloacae has been found to produce a highly viscous, anionic extracellular polysaccharide (eps) from a weak mineral acid hydrolysate of hardwood. production of this eps has been optimized on the hydrolysate (initial ph, 6.3; nh(4)cl amendment, 0.1%) so that crude yields approaching 9.83 g/liter were obtained. although this eps is polydisperse, its molecular mass as determined by gel exclusion chromatography centers at approximately 1,700 kda. so ... | 1994 | 16349242 |
| kinetics of colonization of adult queensland fruit flies (bactrocera tryoni) by dinitrogen-fixing alimentary tract bacteria. | the average total population of bacteria remained constant in the alimentary tracts of adult laboratory-raised queensland fruit flies (bactrocera tryoni) although the insects had ingested large numbers of live bacteria as part of their diet. the mean number of bacteria (about 13 million) present in the gut of the insects from 12 to 55 days after emergence was not significantly modified when, at 5 days after emergence, the flies were fed antibiotic-resistant bacteria belonging to two species comm ... | 1994 | 16349328 |
| enterobacteria in feedlot waste and runoff. | samples of beef cattle feedlot waste (flw), runoff from the pens, and water from a large drainage ditch at the feedlot were examined for enterobacteriaceae. the drainage ditch receives the runoff but contains primarily subsurface drainage from fields on which flw is spread for disposal. planting and enrichment techniques with seven different media were used to isolate 553 cultures of enterobacteria. flw contains about 50 million enterobacteria/g dry weight. more than 90% of these were escherichi ... | 1972 | 16349932 |
| prolonged cellulitis due to plant thorn. | we report the case of a five-year-old healthy boy who was admitted with abscess and soft tissue infection between the left wrist and the distal end of the forearm. postero-anterior x-ray examination of the forearm showed a transverse line on the radius; however, further comparative radiographic examinations of the forearm were not compatible with fracture. enterobacter cloacae was identified in the pus culture and initial intravenous empiric treatment with sulbactam-ampicillin was continued. alt ... | 2005 | 16363355 |
| cloxacillin versus vancomycin for presumed late-onset sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit and the impact upon outcome of coagulase negative staphylococcal bacteremia: a retrospective cohort study. | coagulase negative staphylococcus (cons) is the main cause of late-onset sepsis in neonatal intensive care units (nicu). although cons rarely causes fulminant sepsis, vancomycin is frequently used as empiric therapy. indiscriminate use of vancomycin has been linked to the emergence of vancomycin resistant organisms. the objective of this study was to compare duration of cons sepsis and mortality before and after implementation of a policy of selective vancomycin use and compare use of vancomycin ... | 2005 | 16375769 |
| antimicrobial activities of silver dressings: an in vitro comparison. | a range of silver-coated or -impregnated dressings are now commercially available for use but comparative data on their antimicrobial efficacies are limited. the antibacterial activities of five commercially available silver-coated/impregnated dressings were compared against nine common burn-wound pathogens, namely methicillin-sensitive and -resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), enterococcus faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, proteus vulgaris, acinetobact ... | 2006 | 16388031 |
| faster identification of pathogens in positive blood cultures by fluorescence in situ hybridization in routine practice. | rapid identification of microorganisms in blood cultures is required to optimize empirical treatment at an early stage. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) can reduce the time to identification of microorganisms in growth-positive blood cultures. in this study, we evaluated the performance, time to identification, and potential clinical benefits of fish compared to those of conventional culture methods in routine practice. after gram staining, blood culture fluids were simultaneously furth ... | 2006 | 16390958 |
| plasmid-mediated high-level gentamicin resistance among enteric bacteria isolated from pet turtles in louisiana. | the sale of small turtles is banned by the food and drug administration from the u.s. market due to concerns about their excretion of salmonella spp. to produce a safe pet for the export market, the louisiana pet turtle industry uses gentamicin sulfate baths (1,000 microg/ml) to eradicate salmonella spp. from turtle eggs. in 1999, we analyzed bacterial samples recovered from turtle farms and found that strains of salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae and other bacteria, such as enterobacter cloaca ... | 2006 | 16391058 |
| secondary bacteremia after rotavirus gastroenteritis in infancy. | we describe 1 neonate and 3 infants with bacteremia secondary to rotavirus gastroenteritis. all had a typical course of an increase in temperature several days after admission. the causative organisms were enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae, both normal commensals of the small intestine. pediatricians should be aware of this complication. | 2006 | 16396884 |
| basics of flow cytometry-based sterility testing of platelet concentrates. | flow cytometry (facs) is a common technique in blood banking. it is used, for example, for the enumeration of residual white blood cells in plasma and in cellular blood products. it was investigated whether it can also be applied for sterility testing of buffy coat-derived platelet concentrates (pcs). | 2006 | 16398729 |
| vacuum-assisted closure system for the treatment of mediastinitis after total aortic arch replacement. | a 77-year-old man developed deep sternal wound infection with enterobacter cloacae 4 days after total aortic arch replacement for distal aortic arch aneurysm. reexploration and open drainage of the mediastinum was carried out for 4 days, and the vacuum-assisted closure system was applied and continued for 10 days. during the treatment, granulation formation and neovascularization was apparently enhanced which lead us to perform omental transfer and chest closure on the 18th postoperative day. th ... | 2005 | 16408469 |
| the genus hafnia: from soup to nuts. | the genus hafnia, a member of the family enterobacteriaceae, consists of gram-negative bacteria that are occasionally implicated in both intestinal and extraintestinal infections in humans. despite the fact that the genus currently contains only a single species (h. alvei), more extensive phylogenetic depth (two or more species) is apparent based upon dna relatedness and 16s rrna gene sequencing studies. hafnia causes a variety of systemic infections, including septicemia and pneumonia; however, ... | 2006 | 16418520 |
| microbial contamination of preservative free eye drops in multiple application containers. | the majority of eye drops used in the united kingdom contain preservatives and are bottled in plastic containers. preservative free drops are used to avoid ocular irritation and allergies in certain individuals. the aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of microbial contamination of preservative free drops dispensed from multiusage containers. | 2006 | 16424520 |
| prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital. | to determine the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase among enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital. | 2006 | 16432591 |
| low temperature reduction of hexavalent chromium by a microbial enrichment consortium and a novel strain of arthrobacter aurescens. | chromium is a transition metal most commonly found in the environment in its trivalent [cr(iii)] and hexavalent [cr(vi)] forms. the epa maximum total chromium contaminant level for drinking water is 0.1 mg/l (0.1 ppm). many water sources, especially underground sources, are at low temperatures (less than or equal to 15 centigrade) year round. it is important to evaluate the possibility of microbial remediation of cr(vi) contamination using microorganisms adapted to these low temperatures (psychr ... | 2006 | 16436214 |
| horizontal transfer of blacmy-bearing plasmids among clinical escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and emergence of cefepime-hydrolyzing cmy-19. | nine escherichia coli and 5 klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates resistant to various cephalosporins and cephamycins were identified in a japanese general hospital between 1995 and 1997. all nine e. coli isolates and one k. pneumoniae isolate carried bla(cmy-9), while the other four k. pneumoniae isolates harbored a variant of bla(cmy-9), namely, bla(cmy-19). the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of the nine cmy-9-producing e. coli isolates were almost identical, suggesting their clon ... | 2006 | 16436707 |
| pcr classification of ctx-m-type beta-lactamase genes identified in clinically isolated gram-negative bacilli in japan. | of 1,456 strains isolated from 2001 to 2003 demonstrating resistance to either oxyimino-cephalosporin, 317 strains, isolated in 57 of 132 clinical facilities, were found to harbor bla(ctx-m) genes by pcr. fifty-seven, 161, and 99 strains harbored bla(ctx-m) genes belonging to the bla(ctx-m-1), bla(ctx-m-2), and bla(ctx-m-9) clusters, respectively. | 2006 | 16436748 |
| clinical characteristics and risk factors for attributable mortality in enterobacter cloacae bacteremia. | enterobacter spp. have emerged as an important cause of nosocomial bacteremia. the purpose of this study was to delineate the clinical, laboratory and microbiologic features that may influence prognosis of enterobacter cloacae and enable a stratification of those patients at high risk of mortality. | 2006 | 16440126 |
| extensive hospital-wide spread of a multidrug-resistant enterobacter cloacae clone, with late detection due to a variable antibiogram and frequent patient transfer. | a hospital-wide increase in the number of patients with aminoglycoside-resistant enterobacter cloacae (arec) isolated from clinical cultures was detected in december 2002 using a classical surveillance system (css). css refers to a strategy based on the recognition of an increased incidence of a species with a particular antibiogram at certain wards in a limited period. since clonal spread was suspected, hospital records were reviewed for e. cloacae culture-positive patients. based upon genotypi ... | 2006 | 16455907 |
| use of electrochemical dna biosensors for rapid molecular identification of uropathogens in clinical urine specimens. | we describe the first species-specific detection of bacterial pathogens in human clinical fluid samples using a microfabricated electrochemical sensor array. each of the 16 sensors in the array consisted of three single-layer gold electrodes-working, reference, and auxiliary. each of the working electrodes contained one representative from a library of capture probes, each specific for a clinically relevant bacterial urinary pathogen. the library included probes for escherichia coli, proteus mir ... | 2006 | 16455913 |
| prevalences of zoonotic bacteria among seabirds in rehabilitation centers along the pacific coast of california and washington, usa. | many seabirds are rehabilitated annually by wildlife rehabilitation centers along the pacific coast, usa. although various strains of zoonotic bacteria have been isolated from seabirds, risks to rehabilitators at these centers have not been well documented. from november 2001 through january 2003, we determined the prevalence of detectable enteric fauna by isolation and characterization of gram-negative bacteria from cloacal swabs taken from 26 common murres (uria aalge), 49 gulls (larus spp.), ... | 2005 | 16456162 |
| mechanical transmission of pathogenic organisms: the role of cockroaches. | cockroaches (diploptera punctata) are basically tropical insects and will do their best to find a home that is both warm and moist. their involvement in the transmission of tropical diseases is poorly investigated in africa. | 2005 | 16457381 |
| induction by klebsiella aerogenes of a melanin-like pigment in cryptococcus neoformans. | while studying the interaction of cryptococcus neoformans with dictyostelium discoideum, we noticed that yeast colonies in agar with a feeder lawn of klebsiella aerogenes were brown. this finding was intriguing because c. neoformans colonies are not pigmented unless they are provided with precursors for melanization. strains of all c. neoformans serotypes produced brown pigment in response to k. aerogenes at 22, 30, and 37 degrees c. pigment production required fungal laccase and was suppressed ... | 2006 | 16461709 |
| clonal occurrences of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli: report from the meropenem yearly susceptibility test information collection surveillance program in the united states (2004). | the meropenem yearly susceptibility test information collection program is a global, longitudinal resistance surveillance network of more than 100 medical centers worldwide monitoring the susceptibility of bacterial pathogens to carbapenems and other broad-spectrum agents. between 1999 and 2004, a total of 10-16 us medical centers referred up to 200 nonduplicate isolates from clinical infections to a central processing laboratory. over this 6-year period, the antimicrobial activity of 12 broad-s ... | 2006 | 16466890 |
| participation of a galactose-specific c-type lectin in drosophila immunity. | a galactose-specific c-type lectin has been purified from a pupal extract of drosophila melanogaster. this lectin gene, named dl1 (drosophila lectin 1), is part of a gene cluster with the other two galactose-specific c-type lectin genes, named dl2 (drosophila lectin 2) and dl3 (drosophila lectin 3). these three genes are expressed differentially in fruit fly, but show similar haemagglutinating activities. the present study characterized the biochemical and biological properties of the dl1 protei ... | 2006 | 16475980 |
| vancomycin for the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal infections in 15 horses. | we retrospectively reviewed the cases of 15 foals and adult horses in which vancomycin was used, alone or in combination with an aminoglycoside, to treat methicillin-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal infections. signalment, presenting complaint, history (including history of treatment for the current complaint), results of bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, treatment, and outcome were reviewed. the average vancomycin dosage was 7.5 mg/kg q8h, administered by intr ... | 2005 | 16479726 |
| health considerations regarding horizontal transfer of microbial transgenes present in genetically modified crops. | the potential effects of horizontal gene transfer on human health are an important item in the safety assessment of genetically modified organisms. horizontal gene transfer from genetically modified crops to gut microflora most likely occurs with transgenes of microbial origin. the characteristics of microbial transgenes other than antibiotic-resistance genes in market-approved genetically modified crops are reviewed. these characteristics include the microbial source, natural function, function ... | 2005 | 16489267 |
| systematic review of antimicrobial drug prescribing in hospitals. | prudent prescribing of antimicrobial drugs to hospital inpatients may reduce incidences of antimicrobial drug resistance and healthcare-associated infection. we reviewed the literature from january 1980 to november 2003 to identify rigorous evaluations of interventions to improve hospital prescribing of antimicrobial drugs. we identified 66 studies with interpretable data, of which 16 reported 20 microbiologic outcomes: gram-negative resistant bacteria, 10 studies; clostridium difficile-associat ... | 2006 | 16494744 |
| ameba-associated microorganisms and diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia. | to elucidate the role of ameba-associated microorganisms (aams) as etiologic agents of pneumonia, we screened for legionella spp., parachlamydia acanthamoeba, afipia sp., bosea spp., bradyrhizobium spp., mesorhizobium amorphae, rasbo bacterium, azorhizobium caulinodans, acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus, and conventional microorganisms in 210 pneumonia patients in intensive-care units by using culture, polymerase chain reaction, and serologic testing. these resulted in 59 diagnoses in 40 patients ... | 2006 | 16494750 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of three new variants of ampc beta-lactamases from morganella morganii. | morganella morganii produces an inducible, chromosomally encoded ampc beta-lactamase. we describe in this study three new variants of ampc within this species with apparent pis of 6.6 (m19 from m. morganii strain pp19), 7.4 (m29 from m. morganii strain pp29), and 7.8 (m37 from m. morganii strain pp37). after gene sequencing, deduced amino acid sequences displayed one to six substitutions when compared to the available morganella ampc sequences. an ampr-encoding gene was also found upstream of am ... | 2006 | 16495258 |
| further increase of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium, amikacin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae, and imipenem-resistant acinetobacter spp. in korea: 2003 konsar surveillance. | monitoring temporal trends of antimicrobial resistance can provide useful information for the empirical selection of antimicrobial agents to treat infected patients and for the control of nosocomial infections. in this study, we analyzed antimicrobial resistance of clinically relevant bacteria in 2003 at korean hospitals and at a commercial laboratory. the following organism-antimicrobial agent resistance combinations were very prevalent: oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (68%), expanded ... | 2006 | 16502484 |
| [phenotypic and genotypic characterization of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in enterobacter spp]. | enterobacter spp. are becoming increasingly frequent nosocomial pathogens with multiple resistance mechanism to beta-lactam antibiotics. we carried out the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of beta-lactamases in 27 enterobacter spp. (25 enterobacter cloacae y 2 enterobacter aerogenes), as well as the ability of different extended spectrum-lactamase (esbl) screening methods. resistance to third generation cephalosporins was observed in 15/27 (63%) isolates. twelve resistant isolates produ ... | 2005 | 16502641 |