Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| a cluster of bloodstream infections and pyrogenic reactions among hemodialysis patients traced to dialysis machine waste-handling option units. | from june 17 through november 15, 1995, ten episodes of enterobacter cloacae bloodstream infection and three pyrogenic reactions occurred in patients at a hospital-based hemodialysis center. in a case-control study limited to events occurring during october 1-31, 1995, seven dialysis sessions resulting in e. cloacae bacteremia or pyrogenic reaction without bacteremia were compared with 241 randomly selected control sessions. dialysis machines were examined, dialysis fluid and equipment were cult ... | 1998 | 9845821 |
| isolation and characterization of acc deaminase genes from two different plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. | we have recently proposed that one way that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) stimulate plant growth is through the activity of the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase, which causes a lowering of plant ethylene levels resulting in longer roots. as part of an effort to understand the role of this enzyme in pgpr, the genes for acc deaminase from two pgpr, enterobacter cloacae cal2 and uw4, have been isolated. these genes are highly homologous to the acc deaminase gen ... | 1998 | 9851025 |
| rapid identification of burkholderia pseudomallei by latex agglutination based on an exopolysaccharide-specific monoclonal antibody. | we recently identified a constitutively expressed exopolysaccharide of burkholderia pseudomallei which is composed of a unique linear tetrasaccharide repeating unit consisting of three galactose residues and one 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid residue. in this study we developed a latex agglutination test based on monoclonal antibody 3015, which is specific for this exopolysaccharide, and evaluated this test for rapid identification of b. pseudomallei grown on agar plates. all 74 environmenta ... | 1999 | 9854098 |
| a six-domain structural model for escherichia coli translation initiation factor if2. characterisation of twelve surface epitopes. | the escherichia coli translation initiation factor if2 is a 97 kda protein which interacts with the initiator fmet-trnafmet, gtp and the ribosomal subunits during initiation of protein biosynthesis. for structural and functional investigations of the factor, we have raised and characterised monoclonal antibodies against e. coli if2. twelve epitopes have been localised at the surface of the protein molecule by three different methods: interactions of the monoclonal antibodies with nested deletion ... | 1998 | 9861457 |
| mechanism of inhibition of tannic acid and related compounds on the growth of intestinal bacteria. | tannic acid, propyl gallate and methyl gallate, but not gallic acid, were found to be inhibitory to the growth of intestinal bacteria bacteroides fragilis atcc 25285, clostridium clostridiiforme atcc 25537, c. perfringens atcc 13124, c. paraputrificum atcc 25780, escherichia coli atcc 25922, enterobacter cloacae atcc 13047, salmonella typhimurium ta98 and s. typhimurium yg1041 at 100-1000 microg/ml in culture broth. neither bifidobacterium infantis atcc 15697 nor lactobacillus acidophilus atcc 4 ... | 1998 | 9862646 |
| convergent pathways for utilization of the amino sugars n-acetylglucosamine, n-acetylmannosamine, and n-acetylneuraminic acid by escherichia coli. | n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and n-acetylneuraminic acid (nana) are good carbon sources for escherichia coli k-12, whereas n-acetylmannosamine (mannac) is metabolized very slowly. the isolation of regulatory mutations which enhanced utilization of mannac allowed us to elucidate the pathway of its degradation. mannac is transported by the manxyz-encoded phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (pts) transporter producing intracellular mannac-6-p. this phosphorylated hexosamine is s ... | 1999 | 9864311 |
| infective endocarditis in the premature neonate. | we describe a series of 11 high-risk neonates with infective endocarditis (ie) in this retrospective review. previously ie has rarely been diagnosed in newborns and is usually fatal. the frequency was 4.3 cases per 100 patients. five patients survived. microorganisms included gram positives such as s. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus, gram negatives such as klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, enterococcus faecalis, serratia marcescens, and acinetobacter calcoaceticus. echoca ... | 1998 | 9864649 |
| isolation and characterization of enterobacter cloacae capable of metabolizing asparagine. | a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium capable of utilizing l-asparagine as its sole source of carbon and nitrogen was isolated from soil and identified as enterobacter cloacae. an intracellularly expressed l-asparaginase was detected and it deaminated l-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of a cell-free asparaginase reaction mixture indicated that 2.8 mm l-asparagine was hydrolyzed to 2.2 and 2.8 mm aspartic acid and ammonia, respectively, within ... | 1998 | 9866175 |
| enterobacter cloacae bloodstream infections associated with contaminated prefilled saline syringes--california, november 1998. | 1998 | 9867522 | |
| type ii topoisomerase mutations in ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | we determined the sequences of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyra, gyrb, and parc genes for 30 clinical strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to ciprofloxacin that were previously complemented by wild-type gyra and gyrb plasmid-borne alleles and studied for their coresistance to imipenem (e. cambau, e. perani, c. dib, c. petinon, j. trias, and v. jarlier, antimicrob. agents chemother. 39:2248-2252, 1995). in the present study, we found mutations in type ii topoisomerase g ... | 1999 | 9869566 |
| effect of probenecid on the renal excretion mechanism of a new carbapenem, da-1131, in rats and rabbits. | the effects of probenecid, an anion transport inhibitor, on the renal excretion mechanism of a new anionic carbapenem, da-1131, were investigated after a 1-min intravenous infusion of da-1131 at 100 mg/kg of body weight to rabbits and 50 mg/kg to rats with or without probenecid at 50 mg/kg for both species. in control rabbits, the renal clearance (clr) of da-1131 and the glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine clearance (clcr) were 6.14 +/- 2.09 and 2.26 +/- 0.589 ml/min/kg, respectively. ... | 1999 | 9869572 |
| evaluation of several dosing regimens of cefepime, with various simulations of renal function, against clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa in a pharmacodynamic infection model. | the objectives of this study were as follows: (i) to examine the killing activity of 2-g doses of cefepime against two clinical isolates (mucoid and nonmucoid) of pseudomonas aeruginosa in a pharmacodynamic in vitro infection model, (ii) to compare the percentage of time above the mic (t > mic) for each of the regimens against p. aeruginosa, and (iii) to evaluate the area under the bactericidal curve for each regimen. cefepime was administered at intervals of 8, 12, and 24 h with and without tob ... | 1999 | 9869577 |
| [enzymatic resistance to imipenem in gram-negative bacilli: nmc-a, an original carbapenemase]. | carbapenems such as imipenem are beta-lactam antibiotics usually stable to the hydrolytic activity of beta-lactamases. nevertheless, resistance to imipenem by production of carbapenemases has been described in few species of gram negative bacilli. this mechanism of resistance remains exceptional in enterobacteriaceae. these carbapenemases are principally metallo-enzymes that possess a zinc ion in their active site. enterobacter cloacae strain nor-1, is resistant to imipenem by production of an i ... | 1998 | 9872010 |
| development of a pcr assay for detection of yersinia ruckeri in tissues of inoculated and naturally infected trout. | a pcr-based method was developed for the specific detection of yersinia ruckeri in tissues of inoculated trout and naturally infected trout. no amplification products were obtained with other yersiniae, bacterial fish pathogens, or phylogenetically related bacteria (n = 34). the sensitivity of pcr detection was 60 to 65 bacterial cells per pcr tube, which was decreased to 10 to 20 cells by hybridization with a nonradioactive probe. the pcr assay proved to be as reliable as and faster than the co ... | 1999 | 9872807 |
| chlorine inactivation of sphingomonas cells attached to goethite particles in drinking water. | bacteria in drinking water, attached or not attached to goethite particles, were disinfected with chlorine. no additional protection was provided to the bacteria by their attachment to particles, and the limited efficiency of inactivation by chlorine was attributed to the presence of bacterial aggregates in both types of suspension. | 1999 | 9872809 |
| investigation of the presence of different broad-spectrum beta-lactamases among clinical isolates of enterobacteriacae. | chromosomal or plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases are the most frequent causes of resistance to broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria. different screening methods can be used for their detection during routine laboratory work, while molecular biological methods may help in the detection of the genetic background of the phenotypic resistance. clinical isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae (170) and enterobacter cloaceae (82) were obtained from different pa ... | 1998 | 9873949 |
| antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance. | antiseptics and disinfectants are extensively used in hospitals and other health care settings for a variety of topical and hard-surface applications. a wide variety of active chemical agents (biocides) are found in these products, many of which have been used for hundreds of years, including alcohols, phenols, iodine, and chlorine. most of these active agents demonstrate broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity; however, little is known about the mode of action of these agents in comparison to ant ... | 1999 | 9880479 |
| gram type-specific broad-range pcr amplification for rapid detection of 62 pathogenic bacteria. | broad-range pcr has proven to be useful for the detection of bacteria. a set of broad-range pcr primers directed against conserved regions in the 16s rrna gene was designed to specifically amplify either gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. the gram type-specific broad-range pcr correctly classified all 62 pathogenic species tested. | 1999 | 9889245 |
| analysis of mutations to gyra in quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae. | the gyra subgenes of a quinolone-resistant enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate (ofloxacin mic, 16 mg/l) and of a control, e. cloacae nctc 10005 (ofloxacin mic, 0.03 mg/l), were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequenced. the resistant isolate had mutations at the codons for amino acids 83, 89 and 90. the first of these mutations led to replacement of serine-83 by tyrosine, whereas the other mutations were silent. digestion of pcr-amplified dna fragments with the restriction enz ... | 1999 | 9920128 |
| haemolymph and fat body metallo-protease associated with enterobacter cloacae infection in the bloodsucking insect, rhodnius prolixus. | analysis of zymograms with sds-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis containing gelatin as substrate, and performed on samples of haemolymph or fat body taken from rhodnius prolixus inoculated or not with enterobacter cloacae, demonstrated distinct patterns of protease activities: (i) in the haemolymph two proteases were induced in insects inoculated with bacteria; (ii) two proteases were detected in the fat bodies derived from non-inoculated controls or insect inoculated with sterile culture mediu ... | 1998 | 9921310 |
| thermoregulated expression and characterization of an nad(p)h-dependent 2-cyclohexen-1-one reductase in the plant pathogenic bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea. | the phytopathogenic bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea pg4180.n9 causes bacterial blight of soybeans and preferably infects its host plant during periods of cold, humid weather conditions. to identify proteins differentially expressed at low temperatures, total cellular protein fractions derived from pg4180.n9 grown at 18 and 28 degreesc were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. of several proteins which appeared to be preferentially present at 18 degreesc, a 40-kda protein ... | 1999 | 9922244 |
| the mutk gene of vibrio cholerae: a new gene involved in dna mismatch repair. | a new gene, mutk, of vibrio cholerae, encoding a 19-kda protein which is involved in repairing mismatches in dna via a presumably methyl-independent pathway, has been identified. the product of the mutk gene cloned in either high- or low-copy-number vectors can reduce the spontaneous mutation frequency of escherichia coli muts, mutl, mutu, and dam mutants. the spontaneous mutation frequency of a chromosomal mutk knockout mutant was almost identical to that of wild-type v. cholerae cells, indicat ... | 1999 | 9922251 |
| the spi-3 pathogenicity island of salmonella enterica. | pathogenicity islands are chromosomal clusters of pathogen-specific virulence genes often found at trna loci. we have determined the molecular genetic structure of spi-3, a 17-kb pathogenicity island located at the selc trna locus of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the g+c content of spi-3 (47.5%) differs from that of the salmonella genome (52%), consistent with the notion that these sequences have been horizontally acquired. spi-3 harbors 10 open reading frames organized in six transcr ... | 1999 | 9922266 |
| variation in the composition and pore function of major outer membrane pore protein p2 of haemophilus influenzae from cystic fibrosis patients. | we investigated the relationship between susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics and variation in the major outer membrane protein p2 (ompp2; also called porin) of persistent nonencapsulated haemophilus influenzae isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. nine ompp2 variants were selected from two distinct h. influenzae strains from two patients extensively treated with beta-lactam antibiotics. the variants differed in their susceptibilities to at least two beta-lactam antibiotics. by detergent ... | 1999 | 9925510 |
| characterization of sfo-1, a plasmid-mediated inducible class a beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae. | enterobacter cloacae 8009 produced an inducible class a beta-lactamase which hydrolyzed cefotaxime efficiently. it also hydrolyzed other beta-lactams except cephamycins and carbapenems. the activity was inhibited by clavulanic acid and imipenem. the bla gene was transferable to escherichia coli by electroporation of plasmid dna. the molecular mass of the beta-lactamase was 29 kda and its pi was 7.3. all of these phenotypic characteristics of the enzyme except for inducible production resemble th ... | 1999 | 9925524 |
| a novel chromogenic ester agar medium for detection of salmonellae. | a novel agar medium, chromogenic salmonella esterase (cse) agar, for the differentiation of salmonellae is described. the agar contains peptones and nutrient extracts together with the following (grams per liter unless otherwise specified): 4-[2-(4-octanoyloxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-vinyl]-quinolinium-1-(propan-3-yl carboxylic acid) bromide (slpa-octanoate; bromide form), 0.3223; lactose, 14. 65; trisodium citrate dihydrate, 0.5; tween 20, 3.0; ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, 0.035% (wt/vol), novo ... | 1999 | 9925620 |
| isolation of fecal coliform bacteria from the diamondback terrapin (malaclemys terrapin centrata). | total and fecal coliform bacteria were isolated from the cloaca and feces of the estuarine diamondback terrapin. the majority of samples contained fecal coliforms. escherichia coli was the predominant fecal coliform species isolated, and members of the genus salmonella were isolated from 2 of 39 terrapins. fecal coliform numbers are used to regulate shellfish harvests, and diamondback terrapins inhabit the brackish-water habitats where oyster beds are found; therefore, these findings have implic ... | 1999 | 9925633 |
| beta-secondary and solvent deuterium kinetic isotope effects on catalysis by the streptomyces r61 dd-peptidase: comparisons with a structurally similar class c beta-lactamase. | beta-secondary and solvent deuterium kinetic isotope effects have been determined for the steady-state kinetic parameters v/k and v for turnover of a series of acyclic substrates by the dd-peptidase of streptomyces r61 and the class c beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae p99. although these enzymes are evolutionarily related and have very similar tertiary and active site structure, they are functionally very different-the former efficiently catalyzes the hydrolysis of beta-lactams but not acyc ... | 1999 | 9931012 |
| changes in the incidence and etiological patterns of bacteremia associated with acute leukemia over a 25-year period. | during the 25-year period from 1972-1996, 360 episodes of bacteremia occurred in 248 (45%) of a total of 548 patients with acute leukemia on our hematology ward, with the rate of occurrence remaining almost unchanged. patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, however, had a significant decrease in the incidence of bacteremia during the last 5-year period. gram-negative bacilli decreased in relative frequency from 64% for the first 15-year period to 40% for the last 5-year period, whereas gram ... | 1998 | 9932631 |
| in vitro activity of meropenem against common pathogenic bacteria isolated in taiwan. | the in vitro antimicrobial activity of meropenem, in comparison with nine other antimicrobial agents, against 12 different common pathogenic bacteria were evaluated to know the susceptibility of common bacteria to meropenem in taiwan. meropenem was active against most gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria, including methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, pseudomonas ... | 1998 | 9934544 |
| rhizosphere bacteria enhance selenium accumulation and volatilization by indian mustard | indian mustard (brassica juncea l.) accumulates high tissue se concentrations and volatilizes se in relatively nontoxic forms, such as dimethylselenide. this study showed that the presence of bacteria in the rhizosphere of indian mustard was necessary to achieve the best rates of plant se accumulation and volatilization of selenate. experiments with the antibiotic ampicillin showed that bacteria facilitated 35% of plant se volatilization and 70% of plant tissue accumulation. these results were c ... | 1999 | 9952452 |
| identification of a streptococcus pneumoniae gene locus encoding proteins of an abc phosphate transporter and a two-component regulatory system. | the escherichia coli pst system belongs to the family of abc transporters. it is part of a phosphate (pho) regulon which is regulated by extracellular phosphate. under conditions of phosphate limitation, the response regulator phob is phosphorylated by the histidine kinase phor and binds to promoters that share a consensus pho box. under conditions of phosphate excess, phor, pst, and phou downregulate the pho regulon. screening of a library of pneumococcal mutants with defects in exported protei ... | 1999 | 9973337 |
| comparison of agar dilution, disk diffusion, microscan, and vitek antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods to broth microdilution for detection of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae. | fluoroquinolone resistance appears to be increasing in many species of bacteria, particularly in those causing nosocomial infections. however, the accuracy of some antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for detecting fluoroquinolone resistance remains uncertain. therefore, we compared the accuracy of the results of agar dilution, disk diffusion, microscan walk away neg combo 15 conventional panels, and vitek gns-f7 cards to the accuracy of the results of the broth microdilution reference m ... | 1999 | 9986809 |
| pcr detection of dna specific for trichosporon species in serum of patients with disseminated trichosporonosis. | deep-seated trichosporonosis is a lethal opportunistic infection that disseminates rapidly and widely in immunocompromised patients, and early diagnosis is crucial for the treatment of this infection. we developed a novel nested-pcr assay that detects dna specific for clinically important strains of trichosporon in serum samples from patients with disseminated trichosporonosis. in this assay, two sets of oligonucleotide primers were derived from the sequence of 26s rrna genes of trichosporon asa ... | 1999 | 9986834 |
| spread of amikacin resistance in acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in spain due to an epidemic strain. | sixteen amikacin-resistant clinical acinetobacter baumannii isolates from nine different hospitals in spain were investigated to determine whether the high incidence of amikacin-resistant a. baumannii was due to the dissemination of an amikacin-resistant strain or to the spread of an amikacin resistance gene. the epidemiological relationship studied by repetitive extragenic palindromic pcr and low-frequency restriction analysis of chromosomal dna showed that the same clone was isolated in eight ... | 1999 | 9986846 |
| abc medium, a new chromogenic agar for selective isolation of salmonella spp. | we describe a new chromogenic agar medium, abc medium (alphabeta-chromogenic medium), which includes two substrates, 3, 4-cyclohexenoesculetin-beta-d-galactoside and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-alpha-d-galactopyranoside, to facilitate the selective isolation of salmonella spp. this medium exploits the fact that salmonella spp. may be distinguished from other members of the family enterobacteriaceae by the presence of alpha-galactosidase activity in the absence of beta-galactosidase activity. a to ... | 1999 | 9986848 |
| comparison of five pcr methods for detection of helicobacter pylori dna in gastric tissues. | five different pcr methods for the detection of helicobacter pylori were evaluated. the results of this study indicate that of the five pcr methods examined, the urec (glmm) gene pcr is the most sensitive and specific for the detection of h. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens. | 1999 | 9986850 |
| variation in structure and location of vana glycopeptide resistance elements among enterococci from a single patient. | forty-six vana glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (gre) from a single patient were investigated for variation in structure and location of vana resistance elements. together with identification to species level and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, these data divided the gre into 10 groups and subgroups. combining data in this manner appears helpful when investigating the epidemiology of gre. | 1999 | 9986864 |
| when drug inactivation renders the target irrelevant to antibiotic resistance: a case story with beta-lactams. | by challenging the efficiency of some of our most useful antimicrobial weapons, bacterial antibiotic resistance is becoming an increasingly worrying clinical problem. a good antibiotic is expected to exhibit a high affinity for its target and to reach it rapidly, while escaping chemical modification by inactivating enzymes and elimination by efflux mechanisms. a study of the behaviour of a beta-lactamase-overproducing mutant of enterobacter cloacae in the presence of several penicillins and ceph ... | 1999 | 9987113 |
| high turnover rate of escherichia coli strains in the intestinal flora of infants in pakistan. | the escherichia coli flora of infants in developed countries is dominated by one or a few strains which persist for prolonged periods of time, but no longitudinal studies have been performed in developing countries. to this end, we studied the rectal enterobacterial flora in 22 home-delivered pakistani infants during their first 6 months of life. three colonies were isolated and species typed on each of 11 sampling occasions. e. coli isolates were strain typed using electromorphic typing of cyto ... | 1998 | 10030708 |
| degradation of nitrate ester and nitroaromatic explosives by enterobacter cloacae pb2. | 1998 | 10047806 | |
| in vitro activities of aminomethyl-substituted analogs of novel tetrahydrofuranyl carbapenems. | cl 188,624, cl 190,294, and cl 191,121 are novel aminomethyl tetrahydrofuranyl (thf)-1 beta-methylcarbapenems. the in vitro antibacterial activities of these thf carbapenems were evaluated and compared with those of biapenem, imipenem, and meropenem against 554 recent clinical isolates obtained from geographically distinct medical centers across north america. the antibacterial activities of the thf carbapenems were equivalent to that of biapenem, and the thf carbapenems were slightly more activ ... | 1999 | 10049250 |
| in vivo activities of peptidic prodrugs of novel aminomethyl tetrahydrofuranyl-1 beta-methylcarbapenems. | a series of novel aminomethyl tetrahydrofuranyl (thf)-1 beta-methylcarbapenems which have excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial activities exhibit modest efficacies against acute lethal infections (3.8 mg/kg of body weight against escherichia coli and 0.9 mg/kg against staphylococcus aureus) in mice when they are administered orally. in an effort to improve the efficacies of orally administered drugs through enhanced absorption by making use of a peptide-mediated transport system, several diffe ... | 1999 | 10049251 |
| structure-function studies of ser-289 in the class c beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae p99. | site-directed mutagenesis of ser-289 of the class c beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae p99 was performed to investigate the role of this residue in beta-lactam hydrolysis. this amino acid lies near the active site of the enzyme, where it can interact with the c-3 substituent of cephalosporins. kinetic analysis of six mutant beta-lactamases with five cephalosporins showed that ser-289 can be substituted by amino acids with nonpolar or polar uncharged side chains without altering the catalyt ... | 1999 | 10049265 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of veb-1, a novel class a extended-spectrum beta-lactamase encoded by an escherichia coli integron gene. | a clinical isolate, escherichia coli mg-1, isolated from a 4-month-old vietnamese orphan child, produced a beta-lactamase conferring resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam. in a disk diffusion test, a typical synergistic effect between ceftazidime or aztreonam and clavulanic acid was observed along with an unusual synergy between cefoxitin and cefuroxime. the gene for veb-1 (vietnamese extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned and expressed in e. coli jm109. the recombin ... | 1999 | 10049269 |
| use of an isogenic escherichia coli panel to design tests for discrimination of beta-lactamase functional groups of enterobacteriaceae. | a study was designed to determine if an isogenic panel of escherichia coli strains containing many different beta-lactamases could be used for the preliminary screening of a large number of beta-lactam agents to identify which might be most useful in the development of a definitive test for specific beta-lactamases found among the members of family enterobacteriaceae. the susceptibilities of 46 strains, comprising the isogenic panel, to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, cephamycins, and aztreona ... | 1999 | 10049278 |
| many class i integrons comprise distinct stable structures occurring in different species of enterobacteriaceae isolated from widespread geographic regions in europe. | three sizes of inserted regions of dna (800, 1,000, and 1,500 bp) were shown to be common among class i integrons in unrelated clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae from different european hospitals. sequencing showed that 800-bp inserted regions comprised identical sequences including aaca4, that 1,000-bp inserted regions included aada, and that 1,500-bp inserted regions included dfri and aada1, irrespective of host species and geographic origin. in addition promoter sequences were mostly ide ... | 1999 | 10049290 |
| secretion, localization, and antibacterial activity of tasa, a bacillus subtilis spore-associated protein. | the synthesis and subcellular localization of the proteins that comprise the bacillus subtilis spore are under a variety of complex controls. to better understand these controls, we have identified and characterized a 31-kda sporulation protein, called tasa, which is secreted into the culture medium early in sporulation and is also incorporated into the spore. tasa synthesis begins approximately 30 min after the onset of sporulation and requires the sporulation transcription factor genes spo0h a ... | 1999 | 10049401 |
| type i beta-lactamases of enterobacter cloacae and resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. | the interaction of type-i beta-lactamases from enterobacter cloacae with diverse beta-lactam compounds was examined. the ability of penicillin and cefoxitin to induce beta-lactamase production in this strain was assessed. the effect of beta-lactamase inhibitors was measured on beta-lactamase extracts and on intact cells. e. cloacae 78 strain is a stably derepressed mutant showing limited susceptibility to a number of antibiotics except imipenem. imipenem would therefore be the appropriate choice ... | 1998 | 10069013 |
| conversion of unsaturated fatty acids by bacteria isolated from compost. | a compost mixture amended with soybean oil was enriched in microorganisms that transformed unsaturated fatty acids (ufas). when oleic acid or 10-ketostearic acid was the selective fatty acid, sphingobacterium thalpophilum (nrrl b-23206, nrrl b-23208, nrrl b-23209, nrrl b-23210, nrrl b-23211, nrrl b-23212), acinetobacter spp. (nrrl b-23207, nrrl b-23213), and enterobacter cloacae (nrrl b-23264, nrrl b-23265, nrrl b-23266) represented isolates that produced either hydroxystearic acid, ketostearic ... | 1999 | 10069863 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli of an azoreductase gene from clostridium perfringens and comparison with azoreductase genes from other bacteria. | a genomic library of clostridium perfringens atcc 3626 was constructed in phage lambda gt11 and screened with an antibody against the c. perfringens azoreductase, which catalyzes the reduction of azo dyes to aromatic amines. a positive recombinant phage, containing a 3.8 kb dna fragment insert was selected and purified. lytic and lysogenic escherichia coli cultures infected with the recombinant phage had higher azoreductase activity than cultures infected only with the vector lambda gt11. the 3. ... | 1999 | 10071864 |
| [the clinical manifestation and drug sensitive tests of lower respiratory tract infection by enterobacter cloacae. the pulmonary infection and fibrosis group, thoracic society shanghai medical association]. | to study the clinical characteristics of lowar respiratory tract infection caused by e. cloacae and to investigate the drug sensitivities of e. cloacae strains. | 1997 | 10072803 |
| serum is more suitable than whole blood for diagnosis of systemic candidiasis by nested pcr. | pcr assays for the diagnosis of systemic candidiasis can be performed either on serum or on whole blood, but results obtained with the two kinds of samples have never been formally compared. thus we designed a nested pcr assay in which five specific inner pairs of primers were used to amplify specific targets on the rrna genes of candida albicans, c. tropicalis, c. parapsilosis, c. krusei, and c. glabrata. in vitro, the lower limit of detection of each nested pcr assay was 1 fg of purified dna f ... | 1999 | 10074503 |
| identification and characterization of is2404 and is2606: two distinct repeated sequences for detection of mycobacterium ulcerans by pcr. | molecular analysis of mycobacterium ulcerans has revealed two new insertion sequences (iss), is2404 and is2606. is2404 was identified by complete sequencing of a previously described repetitive dna segment from m. ulcerans. this element is 1,274 bp long, contains 12-bp inverted repeats and a single open reading frame (orf) potentially encoding a protein of 327 amino acids (aa), and apparently generates 7-bp direct repeats upon transposition. amino acid similarity was found between the putative t ... | 1999 | 10074520 |
| the effect of new disinfectant substances on the metabolism of enterobacter cloacae. | the antimicrobial mechanism of 16 new commercially manufactured disinfectant substances on an enterobacter cloacae strain was studied. the substances tested represent 11 quaternary ammonium salts (qas) and five combinated qas with other ingredients. the antimicrobial efficacy was characterized by influencing the growth of bacterial cells expressed by mic and ed50 values as well as by the inhibition of the incorporation rate of [14c] adenine and [14c] leucine. the disinfectants are divided into t ... | 1999 | 10075279 |
| phop-phoq-regulated loci are required for enhanced bile resistance in salmonella spp. | as enteric pathogens, salmonella spp. are resistant to the actions of bile. salmonella typhimurium and salmonella typhi strains were examined to better define the bile resistance phenotype. the mics of bile for wild-type s. typhimurium and s. typhi were 18 and 12%, respectively, and pretreatment of log-phase s. typhimurium with 15% bile dramatically increased bile resistance. mutant strains of s. typhimurium and s. typhi lacking the virulence regulator phop-phoq were killed at significantly lowe ... | 1999 | 10084994 |
| the major phase-variable outer membrane protein of escherichia coli structurally resembles the immunoglobulin a1 protease class of exported protein and is regulated by a novel mechanism involving dam and oxyr. | here we report the characterization of an escherichia coli gene (agn43) which encodes the principal phase-variable outer membrane protein termed antigen 43 (ag43). the agn43 gene encodes a precursor protein of 107 kda containing a 52-amino-acid signal sequence. posttranslational processing generates an alpha43 subunit (predicted mr of 49,789) and a c-terminal domain (beta43) with features typical of a bacterial integral outer membrane protein (predicted mr of 51, 642). secondary structure analys ... | 1999 | 10094691 |
| a periplasmic d-alanyl-d-alanine dipeptidase in the gram-negative bacterium salmonella enterica. | the vanx protein is a d-alanyl-d-alanine (d-ala-d-ala) dipeptidase essential for resistance to the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin. while this enzymatic activity has been typically associated with vancomycin- and teicoplainin-resistant enterococci, we now report the identification of a d-ala-d-ala dipeptidase in the gram-negative species salmonella enterica. the salmonella enzyme is only 36% identical to vanx but exhibits a similar substrate specificity: it hydrolyzes d-ala-d-ala, dl-ala-dl-p ... | 1999 | 10094694 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a novel glycylcycline, the 9-t-butylglycylamido derivative of minocycline (gar-936). | the 9-t-butylglycylamido derivative of minocycline (tbg-mino) is a recently synthesized member of a novel group of antibiotics, the glycylcyclines. this new derivative, like the first glycylcyclines, the n,n-dimethylglycylamido derivative of minocycline and 6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline, possesses activity against bacterial isolates containing the two major determinants responsible for tetracycline resistance: ribosomal protection and active efflux. the in vitro activities of tbg-mino and the c ... | 1999 | 10103174 |
| cloning, sequence analyses, expression, and distribution of ampc-ampr from morganella morganii clinical isolates. | shotgun cloning experiments with restriction enzyme-digested genomic dna from morganella morganii 1, which expresses high levels of cephalosporinase, into the pbkcmv cloning vector gave a recombinant plasmid, ppon-1, which encoded four entire genes: ampc, ampr, an hybf family gene, and orf-1 of unknown function. the deduced ampc beta-lactamase of pi 7.6 shared structural and functional homologies with ampc from citrobacter freundii, escherichia coli, yersinia enterocolitica, enterobacter cloacae ... | 1999 | 10103179 |
| in vitro antibacterial properties of pexiganan, an analog of magainin. | pexiganan, a 22-amino-acid antimicrobial peptide, is an analog of the magainin peptides isolated from the skin of the african clawed frog. pexiganan exhibited in vitro broad-spectrum antibacterial activity when it was tested against 3,109 clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative, anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. the pexiganan mic at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (mic90) was 32 micrograms/ml or less for staphylococcus spp., streptococcus spp., enterococcus faecium, corynebacteriu ... | 1999 | 10103181 |
| emergence of fosfomycin-resistant isolates of shiga-like toxin-producing escherichia coli o26. | we evaluated the susceptibilities of 129 shiga-like toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolates to various antibiotics. the numbers of isolates for which mics were high (> or = 128 micrograms/ml) were as follows: 5 for fosfomycin, 14 for ampicillin, 1 for cefaclor, 6 for kanamycin, 22 for tetracycline, and 2 for doxycycline. for two isolates of stec o26 mics of fosfomycin were high (1,024 and 512 micrograms/ml, respectively). conjugation experiments and glutathione s-transferase assays sugg ... | 1999 | 10103182 |
| strength and regulation of the different promoters for chromosomal beta-lactamases of klebsiella oxytoca. | the two groups of chromosomal beta-lactamases from klebsiella oxytoca (oxy-1 and oxy-2) can be overproduced 73- to 223-fold, due to point mutations in the consensus sequences of their promoters. the different versions of promoters from blaoxy-1 and blaoxy-2 were cloned upstream of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene of pkk232-8, and their relative strengths were determined in escherichia coli and in k. oxytoca. the three different mutations in the oxy beta-lactamase promoters result ... | 1999 | 10103190 |
| clavulanate induces expression of the pseudomonas aeruginosa ampc cephalosporinase at physiologically relevant concentrations and antagonizes the antibacterial activity of ticarcillin. | although previous studies have indicated that clavulanate may induce ampc expression in isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, the impact of this inducer activity on the antibacterial activity of ticarcillin at clinically relevant concentrations has not been investigated. therefore, a study was designed to determine if the inducer activity of clavulanate was associated with in vitro antagonism of ticarcillin at pharmacokinetically relevant concentrations. by the disk approximation methodology, clav ... | 1999 | 10103195 |
| development of resistance during antimicrobial therapy caused by insertion sequence interruption of porin genes. | we have demonstrated by using an in vitro approach that interruption of the ompk36 porin gene by insertion sequences (iss) is a common type of mutation that causes loss of porin expression and increased resistance to cefoxitin in klebsiella pneumoniae. this mechanism also operates in vivo: of 13 porin-deficient cefoxitin-resistant clinical isolates of k. pneumoniae, 4 presented iss in their ompk36 gene. | 1999 | 10103203 |
| microbiology of the oil fly, helaeomyia petrolei. | helaeomyia petrolei larvae isolated from the asphalt seeps of rancho la brea in los angeles, calif., were examined for microbial gut contents. standard counts on luria-bertani, macconkey, and blood agar plates indicated ca. 2 x 10(5) heterotrophic bacteria per larva. the culturable bacteria represented 15 to 20% of the total population as determined by acridine orange staining. the gut itself contained large amounts of the oil, had no observable ceca, and maintained a slightly acidic ph of 6.3 t ... | 1999 | 10103240 |
| detection of small numbers of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli cells in environmental water, sewage, and food samples by a seminested pcr assay. | a rapid and sensitive assay was developed for detection of small numbers of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli cells in environmental water, sewage, and food samples. water and sewage samples were filtered, and the filters were enriched overnight in a nonselective medium. the enrichment cultures were prepared for pcr by a rapid and simple procedure consisting of centrifugation, proteinase k treatment, and boiling. a seminested pcr based on specific amplification of the intergenic sequen ... | 1999 | 10103261 |
| direct quantification of the enteric bacterium oxalobacter formigenes in human fecal samples by quantitative competitive-template pcr. | homeostasis of oxalic acid appears to be regulated, in part, by the gut-associated bacterium oxalobacter formigenes. the loss of this bacterium from the gut flora is associated with an increased susceptibility to hyperoxaluria, a condition which can lead to the formation of calcium oxalate crystalluria and kidney stones. in order to identify and quantify the presence of o. formigenes in clinical specimens, a quantitative-pcr-based assay system utilizing a competitive dna template as an internal ... | 1999 | 10203513 |
| asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy: epidemiological, clinical and microbiological approach. | asymptomatic urinary tract infection is a risk factor for fetal and maternal morbidity including development of pyelonephritis, premature labor and impaired intra-uterine development. in this study, 326 pregnant and 100 non-pregnant control women were screened for significant asymptomatic bacteriuria from april 8 to july 25, 1997 to gain insight into the prevalence rate, clinical characteristics of the disease and microbiological assessments of the causative agents. all the subjects were clinica ... | 1998 | 10214459 |
| identification and characterization of a new porin gene of klebsiella pneumoniae: its role in beta-lactam antibiotic resistance. | klebsiella pneumoniae porin genes were analyzed to detect mutations accounting for the porin deficiency observed in many beta-lactam-resistant strains. pcr and southern blot analysis revealed the existence of a third porin gene in addition to the ompk36 and ompk35 porin genes previously described. this new porin gene was designated ompk37 and is present in all of the clinical isolates tested. the ompk37 porin gene was cloned, sequenced, and overexpressed in escherichia coli. in contrast to that ... | 1999 | 10217760 |
| bloodstream infections in a neonatal intensive-care unit: 12 years' experience with an antibiotic control program. | to assess the prevalence of gram-positive coccal (gpc), gram-negative bacillary (gnb), and fungal blood-stream infections (bsis) during a 12-year period in which a consistent antibiotic treatment protocol was in place; to evaluate the efficacy of these antibiotic policies in relation to treatment, to the emergence of bacterial or fungal resistance, and to the occurrence of infection outbreaks or epidemics. | 1999 | 10219874 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (1997). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 560 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 9 hospitals during the period of june 1997 to may 1998. of the above bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 29.3% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.7% and most of them were escherichia coli. susceptibilities of several isolated bacteria to antim ... | 1999 | 10221177 |
| in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activities of t-3811me, a novel des-f(6)-quinolone. | the in vitro and in vivo activities of t-3811me, a novel des-f(6)-quinolone, were evaluated in comparison with those of some fluoroquinolones, including a newly developed one, trovafloxacin. t-3811, a free base of t-3811me, showed a wide range of antimicrobial spectra, including activities against chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and mycobacterium tuberculosis. in particular, t-3811 exhibited potent activity against various gram-positive cocci, with mics at which 90% of the isolates ... | 1999 | 10223917 |
| negative regulation of the pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane porin oprd selective for imipenem and basic amino acids. | pseudomonas aeruginosa oprd is a specific porin which facilitates the uptake of basic amino acids and imipenem, a carbapenem antibiotic. resistance to imipenem due to the loss of oprd is an important mechanism for the loss of clinical effectiveness. to investigate the negative regulatory mechanisms influencing oprd expression, a gene upstream of the coregulated mexef-oprn efflux operon, designated mext, was cloned. the predicted 304-amino-acid mature mext protein showed strong homology to lysr-t ... | 1999 | 10223918 |
| carbapenem resistance in escherichia coli associated with plasmid-determined cmy-4 beta-lactamase production and loss of an outer membrane protein. | three cefoxitin-resistant escherichia coli isolates from stool specimens of a patient with leukemia were either resistant, intermediate, or sensitive to imipenem. conjugation experiments showed that cefoxitin resistance, but not imipenem resistance, was transferable. all isolates were shown by isoelectric focusing to produce two beta-lactamases with isoelectric points of 5.4 (tem-1, confirmed by sequencing of a pcr product) and >8.5 (consistent with a class c beta-lactamase). the gene coding for ... | 1999 | 10223937 |
| an shv-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | a clinical isolate of pseudomonas aeruginosa rp-1 produced the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) shv-2a. its gene was expressed from a composite promoter made of the -35 region derived from the left inverted repeat of is26 and the -10 region from the blashv-2a promoter itself. the dna sequences immediately surrounding blashv-2a were homologous to plasmid pmpa2a from klebsiella pneumoniae kpzu-3, while further away and 3' to the blashv-2a gene, a sequence corresponding to the left end of tn ... | 1999 | 10223953 |
| molecular analysis of microbial community structures in pristine and contaminated aquifers: field and laboratory microcosm experiments. | this study used phylogenetic probes in hybridization analysis to (i) determine in situ microbial community structures in regions of a shallow sand aquifer that were oxygen depleted and fuel contaminated (fc) or aerobic and noncontaminated (nc) and (ii) examine alterations in microbial community structures resulting from exposure to toluene and/or electron acceptor supplementation (nitrate). the latter objective was addressed by using the nc and fc aquifer materials for anaerobic microcosm studie ... | 1999 | 10224013 |
| pulmonary infiltrates in liver transplant recipients in the intensive care unit. | a frequent dilemma is discerning the likelihood of pneumonia and the need for empiric antibiotic therapy in liver transplant recipients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit (icu). | 1999 | 10232564 |
| bacteriocin release protein triggers dimerization of outer membrane phospholipase a in vivo. | bacteriocin release protein is known to activate outer membrane phospholipase a (ompla), which results in the release of colicin from escherichia coli. in vivo chemical cross-linking experiments revealed that the activation coincides with dimerization of ompla. permeabilization of the cell envelope and dimerization were characterized by a lag time of 2 h. | 1999 | 10322034 |
| controlled clinical comparison of biomérieux vital and bactec nr-660 blood culture systems for detection of bacteremia and fungemia in adults. | a total of 9,446 blood cultures were collected from adult patients at three university-affiliated hospitals. of these, 8,943 cultures were received with both aerobic bottles filled adequately; 885 yielded 1,016 microorganisms, including 622 isolates (61%) that were the cause of sepsis, 337 isolates (33%) that were contaminants, and 57 isolates (6%) that were indeterminate as the cause of sepsis. with the exception of staphylococcus aureus, which was recovered more often from vital aerobic bottle ... | 1999 | 10325312 |
| rapid and reliable identification of streptococcus pneumoniae isolates by pneumolysin-mediated agglutination. | a pneumolysin-based agglutination test which allows an easy, rapid, cost-effective, and accurate (100% specific and 95% sensitive) discrimination between pneumococci and other related human and animal pathogenic bacterial strains has been assayed. | 1999 | 10325355 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing strains of enterobacter cloacae transferring resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime. | transferability of ceftazidime resistance and of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) production was recorded in three strains of enterobacter cloacae from frankfurt university clinics. all three strains were resistant to rifampicin, carbenicillin, cephaloridine, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, imipenem and meropenem. they transferred directly determinants of resistance to carbenicillin and cephaloridine to escherichia coli k-12 no. 185 nal+ recipient strain. all transconjugant colonies a ... | 1999 | 10326739 |
| antigenic and molecular conservation of the gonococcal nspa protein. | a low-molecular-weight protein named nspa (neisserial surface protein a) was recently identified in the outer membrane of all neisseria meningitidis strains tested. antibodies directed against this protein were shown to protect mice against an experimental meningococcal infection. hybridization experiments clearly demonstrated that the nspa gene was also present in the genomes of the 15 neisseria gonorrhoeae strains tested. cloning and sequencing of the nspa gene of n. gonorrhoeae b2 revealed an ... | 1999 | 10338491 |
| metabolism of l(-)-carnitine by enterobacteriaceae under aerobic conditions. | different enterobacteriaceae, such as escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris and proteus mirabilis, are able to convert l(-)-carnitine, via crotonobetaine, into gamma-butyrobetaine in the presence of carbon and nitrogen sources under aerobic conditions. intermediates of l(-)-carnitine metabolism (crotonobetaine, gamma-butyrobetaine) could be detected by thin-layer chromatography. in parallel, l(-)-carnitine dehydratase, carnitine racemasing system and crotonobetaine reductase activities were determi ... | 1999 | 10339822 |
| presumed clostridial and aerobic bacterial infections of the cornea in two horses. | microscopic examination of gram-stained tissue specimens collected from severe corneal ulcers in 2 horses revealed large gram-positive rods suggestive of clostridium spp. clostridium perfringens was isolated from specimens collected from horse 1; anaerobic organisms were not detected in specimens from horse 2. aerobic bacterial culture revealed aeromonas hydrophila and enterobacter cloacae in specimens collected from horses 1 and 2, respectively. an insect exoskeleton was presumed to be the unde ... | 1999 | 10340080 |
| chemoselective nitro group reduction and reductive dechlorination initiate degradation of 2-chloro-5-nitrophenol by ralstonia eutropha jmp134. | ralstonia eutropha jmp134 utilizes 2-chloro-5-nitrophenol as a sole source of nitrogen, carbon, and energy. the initial steps for degradation of 2-chloro-5-nitrophenol are analogous to those of 3-nitrophenol degradation in r. eutropha jmp134. 2-chloro-5-nitrophenol is initially reduced to 2-chloro-5-hydroxylaminophenol, which is subject to an enzymatic bamberger rearrangement yielding 2-amino-5-chlorohydroquinone. the chlorine of 2-amino-5-chlorohydroquinone is removed by a reductive mechanism, ... | 1999 | 10347008 |
| role of pfka and general carbohydrate catabolism in seed colonization by enterobacter cloacae. | enterobacter cloacae a-11 is a transposon mutant of strain 501r3 that was deficient in cucumber spermosphere colonization and in the utilization of certain carbohydrates (d. p. roberts, c. j. sheets, and j. s. hartung, can. j. microbiol. 38:1128-1134, 1992). in vitro growth of strain a-11 was reduced or deficient on most carbohydrates that supported growth of strain 501r3 but was unaffected on fructose, glycerol, and all amino acids and organic acids tested. colonization by strain a-11 was signi ... | 1999 | 10347036 |
| use of microdilution panels with and without beta-lactamase inhibitors as a phenotypic test for beta-lactamase production among escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp., citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens. | over the past decade, a number of new beta-lactamases have appeared in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae that, unlike their predecessors, do not confer beta-lactam resistance that is readily detected in routine antibiotic susceptibility tests. because optimal methodologies are needed to detect these important new beta-lactamases, a study was designed to evaluate the ability of a panel of various beta-lactam antibiotics tested alone and in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors to discr ... | 1999 | 10348759 |
| characterization of novel antimicrobial peptoids. | peptoids differ from peptides in that peptoids are composed of n-substituted rather than alpha-carbon-substituted glycine units. in this paper we report the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of several antibacterial peptoids discovered by screening combinatorial chemistry libraries for bacterial growth inhibition. in vitro, the peptoid chir29498 and some of its analogues were active in the range of 3 to 12 microg/ml against a panel of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria which in ... | 1999 | 10348765 |
| efficacy of beta-lactam and inhibitor combinations in a diffusion chamber model in rabbits. | using a diffusion chamber in rabbits, we evaluated therapy with the combination of ceftriaxone plus the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam in comparison with ceftriaxone alone. one sensitive and one resistant strain of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae were inoculated into one of the six diffusion chambers, implanted in the same animal. in order to simulate pharmacokinetics in humans, both substances were administered in decreasing doses. ceftriaxone was given 0, ... | 1999 | 10350378 |
| rupture of the spleen associated with enterobacter cloacae. | a 58-year-old male, with abdominal pain but no signs of sepsis, was admitted as a medical emergency. during hospitalization, spontaneous splenic rupture was diagnosed and splenectomy successfully performed. a smear revealed presence of enterobacter cloacae on the splenic surface; histopathology demonstrated granulocytous infiltration of the spleen. | 1999 | 10352739 |
| survival of enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas paucimobilis in yoghurts manufactured from cow's milk and soymilk during storage at different temperatures. | the survival of two microbial contaminants, enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas paucimobilis, in yoghurts manufactured from cow's milk and soymilk was investigated during storage for 45 days at 4 and 12 degrees c. sensory panel tests performed before microbiological investigation, showed that the flavor of soy-yoghurts made with cocoa powder or malt added did not have the beany taste of soy beans. both contaminants were significantly resistant to low ph values during storage for 32 days at 4 de ... | 1999 | 10356792 |
| most enterobacter aerogenes strains in france belong to a prevalent clone. | the aim of this study was to determine the distribution in france of the enterobacter aerogenes prevalent clone isolated in the hospitals of the marseille area (a. davin-regli, d. monnet, p. saux, c. bosi, r. charrel, a. barthelemy, and c. bollet, j. clin. microbiol. 34:1474-1480, 1996). a total of 123 e. aerogenes isolates were collected from 23 hospital laboratories and analyzed by random amplification of polymorphic dna and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-pcr to determine thei ... | 1999 | 10364580 |
| evaluation of statens serum institut enteric medium for detection of enteric pathogens. | the efficacy of the statens serum institut (ssi) enteric medium for isolation and direct identification of enteric pathogens was evaluated. six different biochemical reactions can be read by using the ssi enteric medium, allowing direct identification of a range of enteric pathogens. all 248 gram-negative bacterial species that were tested grew on the ssi enteric medium. only 10 of 248 bacteria (4%) showed discrepant results in the biochemical reactions, and none of these were enteric pathogens. ... | 1999 | 10364603 |
| markedly different rates and resistance profiles exhibited by seven commonly used and newer beta-lactams on the selection of resistant variants of enterobacter cloacae. | seven beta-lactam antibiotics (cefepime, cefoperazone, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefamandole, imipenem and meropenem) were tested for their potential to select resistance in standard and clinical strains of enterobacter cloacae (n = 9). the strains were subcultured daily with the test antibiotics at doubling concentrations starting at 0.125 x mic. development of resistance throughout the passages was detected by a disc diffusion test. ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefamandole selected resistance ... | 1999 | 10381101 |
| identification of a putative p-transporter operon in the genome of a burkholderia strain living inside the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus gigaspora margarita. | this article reports the identification of a putative p-transporter operon in the genome of a burkholderia sp. living in the cytoplasm of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus gigaspora margarita. its presence suggests that burkholderia sp. has the potential for p uptake from this environment. this finding raises new questions concerning the importance of intracellular bacteria for mycorrhizal symbiosis. | 1999 | 10383982 |
| in vitro activity of clinafloxacin against fluoroquinolone resistant spanish clinical isolates. | the in vitro activity of clinafloxacin against 162 ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates was determined. isolates were selected when their mic to ciprofloxacin was 2 mg/l (intermediate) or > 2 mg/l (resistant). the following strains were tested: 61 escherichia coli, 12 klebsiella pneumoniae, 7 proteus mirabilis, 21 serratia marcescens, 4 enterobacter cloacae, 21 pseudomonas aeruginosa, 21 staphylococcus. aureus (resistant to methicillin) and 15 enterococcus spp. clinafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ... | 1999 | 10389645 |
| roles of beta-lactamases and porins in activities of carbapenems and cephalosporins against klebsiella pneumoniae. | two clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing klebsiella pneumoniae were noted to be less susceptible than expected to imipenem. both were missing outer membrane proteins that serve as channels for antibiotic entry. the role of beta-lactamase in resistance was investigated by eliminating the original esbl and introducing plasmids encoding various esbls and ampc beta-lactamase types, by studying the effect of an increased inoculum, and by evaluating interactions with ... | 1999 | 10390220 |
| class c beta-lactamases operate at the diffusion limit for turnover of their preferred cephalosporin substrates. | it has been suggested that class c beta-lactamases have evolved to carry out a metabolic reaction other than hydrolysis of beta-lactam antibiotics. it is demonstrated in the present study that the class c beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae p99 has reached the diffusion limit in its ability to hydrolyze its preferred cephalosporin substrates. the increase in the solution viscosity by addition of a microviscogen (sucrose) caused the decline in the parameter kcat/km for hydrolysis of cephalor ... | 1999 | 10390233 |
| sequence of the mir-1 beta-lactamase gene. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the plasmid-mediated mir-1 beta-lactamase gene confirms its relationship to chromosomally located ampc genes of enterobacter cloacae. blamir-1 is not part of a typical gene cassette but does lie near an element that could be involved in its capture on a plasmid. | 1999 | 10390237 |