Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| biochemical characterization of per-2 and genetic environment of blaper-2. | per-2 was the first detected and the second most prevalent extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in clinical pathogens isolated in argentina and was also reported only in other south american countries. citrobacter freundii 33587 was isolated in 1999 in buenos aires and was resistant to all tested beta-lactams except cephamycins and carbapenems. the strain produced both plasmid-borne tem-1 and per-2 (pi 5.4), which could be transferred by conjugation. by pcr screening, thermal asymmetric interlaced p ... | 2007 | 17438050 |
| time-kill and synergism studies of ceftobiprole against enterococcus faecalis, including beta-lactamase-producing and vancomycin-resistant isolates. | ceftobiprole (bal9141) is an investigational cephalosporin with broad in vitro activity against gram-positive cocci, including enterococci. ceftobiprole mics were determined for 93 isolates of enterococcus faecalis (including 16 beta-lactamase [bla] producers and 17 vancomycin-resistant isolates) by an agar dilution method following the clinical and laboratory standards institute recommendations. ceftobiprole mics were also determined with a high inoculum concentration (10(7) cfu/ml) for a subse ... | 2007 | 17438057 |
| the taxonomy of enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and cronobacter genomospecies 1. | enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause infections such as necrotizing enterocolitis, bacteraemia, meningitis and brain abscess/lesions. when the species was defined in 1980, 15 biogroups were described and it was suggested that these could represent multiple species. in this study the taxonomic relationship of strains described as e. sakazakii was further investigated. | 2007 | 17439656 |
| surface charge influences enterococcal prevalence in mixed-species biofilms. | to study the influence of 15 microbial isolates on the prevalence of charge-heterogeneous and charge-homogeneous enterococcus faecalis strains, all isolated from biliary stents, in mixed-species biofilms. | 2007 | 17448160 |
| periodontal disease as reservoir for multi-resistant and hydrolytic enterobacterial species. | this investigation aimed to isolate enteric rods from subgingival sites of patients presenting chronic periodontitis lesions, and to assess antimicrobial resistance and expression of hydrolytic enzymes. | 2007 | 17451514 |
| prevalence of community-occurring extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in brazil. | the occurrence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing strains in the community was investigated in a private laboratory located in juiz de fora, brazil. all enterobacterial isolates analysed were collected from urine of human patients between the years 2000 and 2002. esbl production was confirmed by double disk screening, combination disk method, and etest esbl strip. the isoelectric point of each beta-lactamase was determined in the crude extracts from each isolate. detection of e ... | 2007 | 17457648 |
| characterization of the zinc-containing metalloprotease encoded by zpx and development of a species-specific detection method for enterobacter sakazakii. | enterobacter sakazakii causes a severe form of neonatal meningitis that occurs as sporadic cases as well as outbreaks. the disease has been epidemiologically associated with consumption of reconstituted, dried infant formulas. very little information is available regarding pathogenicity of the organism and production of virulence factors. clinical and environmental strains were screened for production of factors which have activity against chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells in tissue culture. pol ... | 2007 | 17483271 |
| comparison of alad activities of citrobacter and pseudomonas strains and their usage as biomarker for pb contamination. | delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (alad) activity has been used in prokaryotes and eukaryotes as a biomarker for environmental lead (pb) exposure and toxicity. microorganisms are sensitive indicators of toxicity at the fundamental level of ecological organization, but bacterial biomarker studies are focused on the pseudomonas strains in group i and e coli. the objectives of the present work were to determine if burkholderia gladioli belonging to group ii, due to its 16srrna similarity, can be us ... | 2008 | 17516138 |
| increased expression of ampc in pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants selected with ciprofloxacin. | two pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants exhibiting increased expression of ampc were selected during exposure to ciprofloxacin. these mutants also exhibited significant increases in mexcd-oprj expression, but further studies failed to show a link between the increased expression of mexcd-oprj and ampc. increased ampc expression was not related to mutations within ampr, the ampc-ampr intergenic region, ampd, ampdh2, or ampdh3 or to changes in the levels of expression of these amidase genes. however, a ... | 2007 | 17517839 |
| antimicrobial resistance predicts death in tanzanian children with bloodstream infections: a prospective cohort study. | bloodstream infection is a common cause of hospitalization, morbidity and death in children. the impact of antimicrobial resistance and hiv infection on outcome is not firmly established. | 2007 | 17519011 |
| comparative evaluation of automated reading versus visual interpretation with the bbl crystal enteric/nonfermenter identification system in a clinical setting. | 2007 | 17520304 | |
| efficacy of ertapenem in the treatment of early ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing organisms in an intensive care unit. | ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is a frequent complication of patients admitted to intensive care units (icus). ertapenem is a newer carbapenem with good in vitro activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing organisms. however, there are no clinical data to support the use of ertapenem in vap. our purpose is to evaluate the usefulness and safety of ertapenem in the treatment of vap caused by susceptible esbl strains. | 2007 | 17540673 |
| new plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, qepa, found in an escherichia coli clinical isolate. | plasmid-mediated qnr and aac(6')-ib-cr have been recognized as new molecular mechanisms affecting fluoroquinolone (fq) resistance. c316, an escherichia coli strain demonstrating resistance to various fqs, was isolated in japan. resistance to fqs was augmented in an e. coli csh2 transconjugant, but pcr failed to detect qnr genes, suggesting the presence of novel plasmid-mediated fq resistance mechanisms. susceptibility tests, dna manipulation, and analyses of the gene and its product were perform ... | 2007 | 17548499 |
| population-based laboratory surveillance for ampc beta-lactamase-producing escherichia coli, calgary. | in the calgary health region during 2000-2003, prospective, active, population-based laboratory surveillance for all cefoxitin-resistant escherichia coli isolates was performed. isolates were screened with an inhibitor-based disk test, and plasmid-mediated types were identified by multiplex pcr with sequencing. a total of 369 ampc beta-lactamase-producing e. coli isolates were identified; annual incidence rates were 1.7, 4.3, 11.2, and 15 per 100,000 residents for each year, respectively. ampc b ... | 2007 | 17552098 |
| 16s rrna methylase-producing, gram-negative pathogens, japan. | to investigate the exact isolation frequency of 16s rrna methylase-producing, gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, we tested 87,626 clinical isolates from 169 hospitals. twenty-six strains from 16 hospitals harbored 16s rrna methylase genes, which suggests sparse but diffuse spread of pan-aminoglycoside-resistant microbes in japan. | 2007 | 17553289 |
| quorum sensing has an unexpected role in virulence in the model pathogen citrobacter rodentium. | the bacterial mouse pathogen citrobacter rodentium causes attaching and effacing (ae) lesions in the same manner as pathogenic escherichia coli, and is an important model for this mode of pathogenesis. quorum sensing (qs) involves chemical signalling by bacteria to regulate gene expression in response to cell density. e. coli has never been reported to have n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) qs, but it does utilize luxs-dependent signalling. we found production of ahl qs signalling molecules by an a ... | 2007 | 17557113 |
| fola, a new member of the tyrr regulon in escherichia coli k-12. | the fola gene was identified as a new member of the tyrr regulon by genomic selex. binding of tyrr to two sites in fola activated its transcription. mutations in the n-terminal or central domain of tyrr, the alpha subunit of rna polymerase, or integration host factor all abolished activation of the fola promoter. | 2007 | 17557822 |
| nosocomial meningitis caused by enterobacteriaceae: risk factors and outcome in 18 cases in 1992-2007. | nosocomial neuroinfections due to enterobacteriaceae represented 9.5% in our cohort of 171 cases of paediatric meningitis within last 15 years. commonest etiologic agents was e. coli - 9 (50%) followed by klebsiella pneumoniae - 3 (16,7%) and enterobacter cloacae. citrobacter freundii, proteus mirabilis and salmonella enteritidis (1 each). commonest risk factors were neonatal age 13 - (72.2%), very low birth weight 5 (27.8%), craniocerebral trauma - 4 (22.2%) and neurosurgery - 5 (27.8%). all bu ... | 2007 | 17558373 |
| microtitre plate-based antibacterial assay incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth, and its application in the in vitro antibacterial screening of phytochemicals. | the resazurin assay utilising microtitre-plate, described by drummond and waigh in 2000, has been modified to achieve more accuracy in the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values of natural products, including crude extracts, chromatographic fractions or purified compounds against various bacterial strains. this modified resazurin method is simple, sensitive, rapid, robust and reliable, and could be used successfully to assess antibacterial properties of natural produc ... | 2007 | 17560319 |
| multiplex pcr for detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr genes in esbl-producing enterobacterial isolates. | to develop a rapid and reliable single-tube-based pcr technique for detecting simultaneously the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnra, qnrb and qnrs genes. | 2007 | 17561500 |
| selection of restriction endonucleases using artificial cells. | we describe in this article an in vitro system for the selection of restriction endonucleases using artificial cells. the artificial cells are generated in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion by in vitro compartmentalization. each aqueous compartment contains a reconstituted transcription/translation mix along with the dispersed dna templates. in the compartments containing endonuclease genes, an endonuclease expressed in vitro cleaves its own dna template adjacent to the gene, leaving a sticky ... | 2007 | 17567609 |
| cefotaxime-resistant citrobacter freundii in isolates from blood in a tertiary teaching hospital in northern taiwan. | from january 2002 to december 2003, 12 patients in a tertiary teaching hospital in northern taiwan had bloodstream infections caused by citrobacter freundii. seven of the 12 isolates were resistant to cefotaxime. using polymerase chain reaction and dna sequencing, 3 of the 7 cefotaxime-resistant c. freundii isolates were found to carry extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl). ampc beta-lactamase genes were also detected in all strains of c. freundii. all strains of c. freundii with mics >or=4 mg ... | 2007 | 17572502 |
| evaluation of methods to identify the klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase in enterobacteriaceae. | the klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem (kpc) beta-lactamase occurs in enterobacteriaceae and can confer resistance to all beta-lactam agents including carbapenems. the enzyme may confer low-level carbapenem resistance, and the failure of susceptibility methods to identify this resistance has been reported. automated and nonautomated methods for carbapenem susceptibility were evaluated for identification of kpc-mediated resistance. ertapenem was a more sensitive indicator of kpc resistance than mer ... | 2007 | 17581941 |
| bacterial pathogens recovered from vegetables irrigated by wastewater in morocco. | the authors obtained 50 vegetable samples from various regions in morocco and examined them to determine the microbiological quality of these products. aerobic count, coliform, enterococci, and staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. this analysis revealed high levels of enterococci, fecal coliforms, and total coliforms. no coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus was detected in any of the samples analyzed. biochemical identification of enterobacteriaceae showed the presence of citrobacter freund ... | 2007 | 17583296 |
| prevalence, microbiology, and clinical characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and morganella morganii in korea. | we examined the prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing clinical isolates among enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and morganella morganii, and evaluated screening criteria, clinical characteristics and outcomes of infections caused by esbl-producing organisms. between january and june 2005, a total of 493 nonduplicate consecutive isolates were collected at asan medical center, a 2,300-bed tertiary hospital in seoul, republic ... | 2007 | 17587073 |
| in vivo efficacy of ceftaroline (ppi-0903), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin, compared with linezolid and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus in a rabbit endocarditis model. | using the rabbit endocarditis model, we compared the activity of a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin, ceftaroline, with those of linezolid and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. after a 4-day treatment, ceftaroline exhibited superior bactericidal in vivo activity against resistant s. aureus strains and appeared to be the most effective drug against a heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate s. aureus strain. | 2007 | 17591849 |
| marine algae: screening for a potent antibacterial agent. | this study was done to investigate the antimicrobial potentiality of the marine algae collected from different coastal regions of gujarat and screened for the same. twenty-six marine algae belonging to rhodophyceae, chlorophyceae and phaeophyceae were screened for their potential antibacterial activity against five clinically important bacterial strains, namely bacillus cereus, micrococcus flavus, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae and pseudomonas testosterone. acetone and methanol were ... | 2007 | 17594989 |
| convenient test using a combination of chelating agents for detection of metallo-beta-lactamases in the clinical laboratory. | although transmissible metallo-beta-lactamases (mbls) are a serious threat to beta-lactam antibiotic therapy, the clsi currently does not recommend testing methods for the detection of mbls. the aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of double-disk tests (ddts) by using disks containing a combination of the chelators 2-mercaptopropionic acid (mpa) and tris-edta (te) to detect mbls. sixteen isolates (4 acinetobacter baumannii isolates, 6 pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, 1 serratia marce ... | 2007 | 17596358 |
| good pregnancy outcome with emergent cerclage placed in the presence of intra-amniotic microbial invasion. | cervical insufficiency with dilation can be associated with amniotic fluid microbial invasion. cerclage placement in the presence of infection is contraindicated because it is associated with poor fetal and maternal outcome. a 30-year-old gravida 4 para 0 with cervical insufficiency had emergent cervical suture placement at 19 weeks. the patient underwent amniocentesis to screen for infection. after the screen for infection using amniotic fluid glucose and white blood cells had indicated negativ ... | 2007 | 17597442 |
| partial characterisation of the acrab locus in two citrobacter freundii clinical isolates. | we studied the mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones in two citrobacter freundii strains (1.44 and 1.38) isolated from the same patient and belonging to the same clone by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. this study allowed partial characterisation of the acra and acrb genes of this microorganism. as previously reported, the two strains showed the same substitutions in the gyra and parc proteins (thr-83-->ile and asp-87-->tyr in gyra and ser-83-->ile in parc). however, differences were ob ... | 2007 | 17631985 |
| multiplex, bead-based suspension array for molecular determination of common salmonella serogroups. | we report the development and evaluation of a salmonella o-group-specific bio-plex assay to detect the six most common serogroups in the united states (b, c(1), c(2), d, e, and o13) plus serotype paratyphi a. the assay is based on rfb gene targets directly involved in o-antigen biosynthesis; it can be completed 45 min post-pcr amplification. the assay correctly and specifically identified 362 of 384 (94.3%) isolates tested in comparison to traditional serotyping. seventeen isolates (4.4%) produc ... | 2007 | 17634307 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and analysis of the acrab-tolc efflux pump of enterobacter cloacae and determination of its involvement in antibiotic resistance in a clinical isolate. | enterobacter cloacae is an emerging clinical pathogen that may be responsible for nosocomial infections. management of these infections is often difficult, owing to the high frequency of strains that are resistant to disinfectants and antimicrobial agents in the clinical setting. multidrug efflux pumps, especially those belonging to the resistance-nodulation-division family, play a major role as a mechanism of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative pathogens. in the present study, we cloned a ... | 2007 | 17638702 |
| a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method for rapid identification of citrobacter freundii and salmonella species, including salmonella typhi. | salmonella enterica is one of the most common enteric pathogens worldwide. conventional methods of isolation of salmonella strains take 4-7 days to complete, are laborious and require substantial manpower. we devised a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method that simultaneously uses three pairs of specific primers to detect inv, spv, and via genes of salmonella. | 2007 | 17639162 |
| comparative evaluation of the vitek 2, disk diffusion, etest, broth microdilution, and agar dilution susceptibility testing methods for colistin in clinical isolates, including heteroresistant enterobacter cloacae and acinetobacter baumannii strains. | increasing antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria has recently renewed interest in colistin as a therapeutic option. the increasing use of colistin necessitates the availability of rapid and reliable methods for colistin susceptibility testing. we compared seven methods of colistin susceptibility testing (disk diffusion, agar dilution on mueller-hinton [mh] and isosensitest agar, etest on mh and isosensitest agar, broth microdilution, and vitek 2) on 102 clinical isolates collected from ... | 2007 | 17646414 |
| comparison of hand-held test kits, immunofluorescence microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow cytometric analysis for rapid presumptive identification of yersinia pestis. | an in-house immunochromatographic test, plague biothreat alert test strips, abicap columns, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence microscopy were compared for the detection of the fraction 1 capsular antigen of yersinia pestis, using spiked buffer and clinical specimens. hand-held test kits proved to be excellent benchtop tools. | 2007 | 17652472 |
| enterobacter cloacae: a predominant pathogen in neonatal septicaemia. | a total of 120 blood samples from neonates presenting with clinical signs of septicaemia were subjected for culture using brain heart infusion agar biphasic medium (bhi bpm) and glucose broth. bacterial agents were isolated from 48 numbers (40%) of cultures. gram-negative bacilli were isolated in maximum percentage (88.45%) of cases whereas gram-positive bacteria (coagulase negative staphylococci and group b streptococci) in 11.6% of cultures. e. cloacae (39.5%) was maximally isolated among the ... | 2002 | 17657046 |
| prevalence and diversity of qnr alleles in ampc-producing enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter freundii and serratia marcescens: a multicentre study from korea. | to investigate the prevalence of qnr determinants, their influence on quinolone susceptibility and their association with other plasmid-mediated genes in ampc-producing enterobacteriaceae without any selection criteria. | 2007 | 17660263 |
| plasmid-encoded acc-4, an extended-spectrum cephalosporinase variant from escherichia coli. | acc-4, an omega loop mutant (val(211)-->gly) of the hafnia alvei-derived cephalosporinase acc-1, was encoded by an escherichia coli plasmid. the genetic environment of bla(acc-4) shared similarities with plasmidic regions carrying bla(acc-1). kinetics of beta-lactam hydrolysis and levels of resistance to beta-lactams showed that acc-4 was more effective than acc-1 against expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. | 2007 | 17664321 |
| identification of human pathogens isolated from blood using microarray hybridisation and signal pattern recognition. | pathogen identification in clinical routine is based on the cultivation of microbes with subsequent morphological and physiological characterisation lasting at least 24 hours. however, early and accurate identification is a crucial requisite for fast and optimally targeted antimicrobial treatment. molecular biology based techniques allow fast identification, however discrimination of very closely related species remains still difficult. | 2007 | 17697354 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the pctx-m3 plasmid and its involvement in spread of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene blactx-m-3. | here we report the nucleotide sequence of pctx-m3, a highly conjugative plasmid that is responsible for the extensive spread of the gene coding for the ctx-m-3 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in clinical populations of the family enterobacteriaceae in poland. the plasmid belongs to the incl/m incompatibility group, is 89,468 bp in size, and carries 103 putative genes. besides bla(ctx-m-3), it also bears the bla(tem-1), aacc2, and arma genes, as well as integronic aada2, dfra12, and sul1, which ... | 2007 | 17698626 |
| distribution of tetracycline and streptomycin resistance genes and class 1 integrons in enterobacteriaceae isolated from dairy and nondairy farm soils. | the prevalence of selected tetracycline and streptomycin resistance genes and class 1 integrons in enterobacteriaceae (n = 80) isolated from dairy farm soil and nondairy soils was evaluated. among 56 bacteria isolated from dairy farm soils, 36 (64.3%) were resistant to tetracycline, and 17 (30.4%) were resistant to streptomycin. lower frequencies of tetracycline (9 of 24 or 37.5%) and streptomycin (1 of 24 or 4.2%) resistance were observed in bacteria isolated from nondairy soils. bacteria (n = ... | 2008 | 17701242 |
| antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative bacilli causing infections in intensive care unit patients in the united states between 1993 and 2004. | during the 12-year period from 1993 to 2004, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 74,394 gram-negative bacillus isolates recovered from intensive care unit (icu) patients in united states hospitals were determined by participating hospitals and collected in a central location. mics for 12 different agents were determined using a standardized broth microdilution method. the 11 organisms most frequently isolated were pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.2%), escherichia coli (18.8%), klebsiella pneumoni ... | 2007 | 17715376 |
| zoo animals as reservoirs of gram-negative bacteria harboring integrons and antimicrobial resistance genes. | a total of 232 isolates of gram-negative bacteria were recovered from mammals, reptiles, and birds housed at asa zoological park, hiroshima prefecture, japan. forty-nine isolates (21.1%) showed multidrug resistance phenotypes and harbored at least one antimicrobial resistance gene. pcr and dna sequencing identified class 1 and class 2 integrons and many beta-lactamase-encoding genes, in addition to a novel ampc beta-lactamase gene, bla(cmy-26). furthermore, the plasmid-mediated quinolone resista ... | 2007 | 17720829 |
| prevalence and expression of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnra1. | since its discovery, qnra has been found in most common enterobacteriaceae. ciprofloxacin mics conferred by different qnra-positive plasmids could range from 0.1 microg/ml to 2 microg/ml in escherichia coli j53. the reasons for different ciprofloxacin mics conferred by qnra have not been fully clarified. five hundred forty-one consecutive gram-negative clinical strains that were resistant or intermediate to ciprofloxacin and that were isolated in shanghai in 2005 were screened for qnra by pcr. f ... | 2007 | 17724159 |
| a canadian immigrant with coinfection of strongyloides stercoralis and human t-lymphotropic virus 1. | 2007 | 17724322 | |
| a generalized transducing phage for the murine pathogen citrobacter rodentium. | a virulent phage (phicr1) capable of generalized transduction in citrobacter rodentium was isolated from the environment and characterized. c. rodentium is a natural pathogen of mice, causing transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. sequencing of its genome has recently been completed and will soon be fully annotated and published. c. rodentium is an important model organism for infections caused by the human pathogens enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (epec and ehec). ph ... | 2007 | 17768241 |
| impact of feed supplementation with antimicrobial agents on growth performance of broiler chickens, clostridium perfringens and enterococcus counts, and antibiotic resistance phenotypes and distribution of antimicrobial resistance determinants in escherichia coli isolates. | the effects of feed supplementation with the approved antimicrobial agents bambermycin, penicillin, salinomycin, and bacitracin or a combination of salinomycin plus bacitracin were evaluated for the incidence and distribution of antibiotic resistance in 197 commensal escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens over 35 days. all isolates showed some degree of multiple antibiotic resistance. resistance to tetracycline (68.5%), amoxicillin (61.4%), ceftiofur (51.3%), spectinomycin (47.2%), and ... | 2007 | 17827305 |
| [the antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolones against gram-negative bacteria isolated from gifu prefecture (2005)]. | we investigated the susceptibility to 6 fluoroquinolones against 433 strains of gram-negative bacteria isolated from 6 medical facilities in gifu prefecture between january and september in 2005, determined by the agar dilution methods in according with the japan society of chemotherapy. we also investigated the correlation between the degree of resistance to fluoroquinolones and the amino acid substitutions in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr). the tested clinical isolates were ... | 2007 | 17867488 |
| the continuing challenge of esbls. | since their first description more than 20 years ago, escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae possessing extended-spectrum class a beta-lactamases (esbls) continue to thwart our best clinical efforts. in the 'early years' the most common beta-lactamases were of the tem and shv varieties. now, ctx-m enzymes are being discovered throughout the world and are becoming the most prevalent beta-lactamases found in clinical isolates. the k. pneumoniae carbapenemases (kpc) (esbl-type enzymes that conf ... | 2007 | 17875405 |
| biohydrogen production by enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii in carrier induced granules. | carrier induced granular particles comprising enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii were used to generate h(2) from sucrose in an anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor. at a hydraulic retention time of 4.5 h, 95.8% of the sucrose was consumed and the rate of h(2) production reached 180 mmol h(2) l h(-1). biogas composition for h(2) and co(2) was 42 and 55%, respectively. | 2008 | 17876534 |
| dry stress and survival time of enterobacter sakazakii and other enterobacteriaceae in dehydrated powdered infant formula. | powdered infant formula is not a sterile product, and opportunistic pathogens could multiply in the reconstituted product, resulting in neonatal infections. in this study, the generation of sublethally injured enterobacteriaceae during desiccation and their persistence in dehydrated powdered infant formula was assessed during a 2.5-year period. the study included 27 strains of enterobacter sakazakii, enterobacter cloacae, salmonella enteritidis, citrobacter koseri, citrobacter freundii, escheric ... | 2007 | 17900090 |
| prevalence of ampc and other beta-lactamases in enterobacteria at a large urban university hospital in brazil. | production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) has been reported in virtually all species of enterobacteriaceae, which greatly complicates the therapy for infections caused by these organisms. however, the frequency of isolates producing ampc beta-lactamases, especially plasmid-mediated ampc (pampc), is largely unknown. these beta-lactamases confer resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam, a multidrug-resistant (mdr) profile. the aim of the present study was to deter ... | 2008 | 17900845 |
| prevalence of ampc and other beta-lactamases in enterobacteria at a large urban university hospital in brazil. | production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) has been reported in virtually all species of enterobacteriaceae, which greatly complicates the therapy for infections caused by these organisms. however, the frequency of isolates producing ampc beta-lactamases, especially plasmid-mediated ampc (pampc), is largely unknown. these beta-lactamases confer resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam, a multidrug-resistant (mdr) profile. the aim of the present study was to deter ... | 2008 | 17900845 |
| a pharmacodynamic analysis of resistance trends in pathogens from patients with infection in intensive care units in the united states between 1993 and 2004. | increasing nosocomial pathogen resistance to available antimicrobial agents is of growing concern. while higher mics can diminish antimicrobial effectiveness, dose adjustments often mitigate this effect. this study's objective was to ascertain whether mics among major pathogens in the icu to several commonly used agents have increased enough to significantly impact their ability to achieve bactericidal effect. | 2007 | 17908321 |
| evaluation of the inoculation procedure using a 0.25 mcfarland standard for the bd phoenix automated microbiology system. | 2007 | 17913926 | |
| brain abscess in infants and children: a retrospective study of 107 patients in northeast thailand. | to review the clinical manifestation, predisposing factor location of abscess, causative organism, treatment, and outcome of brain abscess. | 2007 | 17926990 |
| primary pyomyositis of the paraspinal muscles: a case report and literature review. | a case of non-tropical pyomyositis in a healthy, adolescent, 13-year-old boy, affecting the paraspinal muscles is presented. computerised axial tomography scan (ct scan) of the spine provided valuable information on the nature, extent of the disease and helped to plan successful surgical management. none of the reported cases of such severity of paraspinal pyomyositis had involvement of quadratus lumborum muscle or compression on retroperitoneal organ as in our case. | 2008 | 17932692 |
| primary pyomyositis of the paraspinal muscles: a case report and literature review. | a case of non-tropical pyomyositis in a healthy, adolescent, 13-year-old boy, affecting the paraspinal muscles is presented. computerised axial tomography scan (ct scan) of the spine provided valuable information on the nature, extent of the disease and helped to plan successful surgical management. none of the reported cases of such severity of paraspinal pyomyositis had involvement of quadratus lumborum muscle or compression on retroperitoneal organ as in our case. | 2008 | 17932692 |
| molecular epidemiology of blacmy-2 plasmids carried by salmonella enterica and escherichia coli isolates from cattle in the pacific northwest. | restriction analyses of bla(cmy-2)-bearing plasmids and salmonella and escherichia coli hosts identified (i) shared highly similar plasmids in these species in rare cases, (ii) a clonal host-plasmid relationship in salmonella enterica serotype newport, and (iii) a very high diversity of strain types and plasmids among commensal e. coli isolates. | 2007 | 17933916 |
| exposure-response analyses of tigecycline efficacy in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections. | exposure-response analyses were performed to test the microbiological and clinical efficacies of tigecycline in complicated intra-abdominal infections where escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis are the predominant pathogens. data from evaluable patients enrolled in three clinical trials were pooled. patients received intravenous tigecycline (100-mg loading dose followed by 50 mg every 12 h or 50-mg loading dose followed by 25 mg every 12 h). at the test-of-cure visit, microbiological and cl ... | 2008 | 17954694 |
| exposure-response analyses of tigecycline efficacy in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections. | exposure-response analyses were performed to test the microbiological and clinical efficacies of tigecycline in complicated intra-abdominal infections where escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis are the predominant pathogens. data from evaluable patients enrolled in three clinical trials were pooled. patients received intravenous tigecycline (100-mg loading dose followed by 50 mg every 12 h or 50-mg loading dose followed by 25 mg every 12 h). at the test-of-cure visit, microbiological and cl ... | 2008 | 17954694 |
| broad-host-range yersinia phage py100: genome sequence, proteome analysis of virions, and dna packaging strategy. | py100 is a lytic bacteriophage with a broad host range within the genus yersinia. the phage forms plaques on strains of the three human pathogenic species yersinia enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosis, and y. pestis at 37 degrees c. py100 was isolated from farm manure and intended to be used in phage therapy trials. py100 has an icosahedral capsid containing double-stranded dna and a contractile tail. the genome consists of 50,291 bp and is predicted to contain 93 open reading frames (orfs). py ... | 2008 | 17965162 |
| broad-host-range yersinia phage py100: genome sequence, proteome analysis of virions, and dna packaging strategy. | py100 is a lytic bacteriophage with a broad host range within the genus yersinia. the phage forms plaques on strains of the three human pathogenic species yersinia enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosis, and y. pestis at 37 degrees c. py100 was isolated from farm manure and intended to be used in phage therapy trials. py100 has an icosahedral capsid containing double-stranded dna and a contractile tail. the genome consists of 50,291 bp and is predicted to contain 93 open reading frames (orfs). py ... | 2008 | 17965162 |
| an outbreak of lawsonia intracellularis infection in a standardbred herd in ontario. | an outbreak of protein-losing enteropathy associated with lawsonia intracelluaris infection was diagnosed in 6 standardbred foals from a farm in ontario. wildlife exposure may have been involved in the perpetuation of disease in this outbreak. the clinical presentation, treatment, outcomes, and pathological findings are described. | 2007 | 17966333 |
| composition of intestinal enterobacteriaceae populations of healthy domestic pigs. | in this study, the enterobacteriaceae microbiota, including their diversity as well as the distribution of haemolytic and virulence gene-harbouring escherichia coli of 56-day-old healthy piglets, was characterized. both the composition and the diversity of enterobacteriaceae populations varied considerably between individual pigs and intestinal sections. e. coli, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii and klebsiella pneumoniae dominated the enterobacteriaceae microbiota. however, mucosa-asso ... | 2007 | 17975092 |
| modulation of intestinal goblet cell function during infection by an attaching and effacing bacterial pathogen. | the attaching and effacing (a/e) bacterial pathogens enteropathogenic escherichia coli and enterohemorrhagic e. coli and the related mouse pathogen citrobacter rodentium colonize their hosts' intestines by infecting the apical surfaces of enterocytes, subverting their function, and they ultimately cause diarrhea. surprisingly, little is known about the interactions of these organisms with goblet cells, which are specialized epithelial cells that secrete the protective molecules muc2 and trefoil ... | 2008 | 17984203 |
| modulation of intestinal goblet cell function during infection by an attaching and effacing bacterial pathogen. | the attaching and effacing (a/e) bacterial pathogens enteropathogenic escherichia coli and enterohemorrhagic e. coli and the related mouse pathogen citrobacter rodentium colonize their hosts' intestines by infecting the apical surfaces of enterocytes, subverting their function, and they ultimately cause diarrhea. surprisingly, little is known about the interactions of these organisms with goblet cells, which are specialized epithelial cells that secrete the protective molecules muc2 and trefoil ... | 2008 | 17984203 |
| isolation and characterization of tetracycline-resistant citrobacter spp. from catfish. | fifty-two tetracycline-resistant citrobacter spp. strains were isolated from farm-raised catfish. morphological and biochemical characteristics indicated that 38 of the 52 citrobacters were citrobacter freundii, 7 were c. amalonaticus and 7 were c. braakii. all isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) protocols were developed to detect the presence of 3 tetracycline-resistance genes (teta, tetb and tetg) from citrobacter isolates. oligonucleotide primers s ... | 2008 | 17993380 |
| amino acids that confer transport of raffinose and maltose sugars in the raffinose permease (rafb) of escherichia coli as implicated by spontaneous mutations at val-35, ser-138, ser-139, gly-389 and ile-391. | in order to identify amino acid residues in the escherichia coli raffinose-h(+) permease (rafb) that play a role in sugar selection and transport, we first incubated e. coli hs4006 containing plasmid pru600 (expresses inducible raffinose permease and alpha-galactosidase) on maltose macconkey indicator plates overnight. initially, all colonies were white, indicating no fermentation of maltose. upon further incubation, 100 mutants appeared red. pru600 dna was prepared from 55 mutants. five mutants ... | 2007 | 18008022 |
| interrupted time series analysis of vancomycin compared to cefuroxime for surgical prophylaxis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. | the increased incidence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), the emergence of community-acquired mrsa, and the continued high incidence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis have required that certain institutions choose vancomycin for surgical prophylaxis. however, the data supporting the use of vancomycin for surgical prophylaxis are controversial. the purpose of this project was to assess the effect of the change from cefuroxime to vancomycin for surgical site ... | 2008 | 18025116 |
| interrupted time series analysis of vancomycin compared to cefuroxime for surgical prophylaxis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. | the increased incidence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), the emergence of community-acquired mrsa, and the continued high incidence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis have required that certain institutions choose vancomycin for surgical prophylaxis. however, the data supporting the use of vancomycin for surgical prophylaxis are controversial. the purpose of this project was to assess the effect of the change from cefuroxime to vancomycin for surgical site ... | 2008 | 18025116 |
| expanded-spectrum beta-lactamase and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. | 2007 | 18044054 | |
| phylogenetic analysis of shiga toxin 1 and shiga toxin 2 genes associated with disease outbreaks. | shiga toxins 1 and 2 (stx1 and stx2) are bacteriophage-encoded proteins that have been associated with hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome and other severe disease conditions. stx1 and stx2 are genetically and immunologically distinct but share the same compound toxin structure, method of entry and enzymatic function. | 2007 | 18053224 |
| identification of type 3 fimbriae in uropathogenic escherichia coli reveals a role in biofilm formation. | catheter-associated urinary tract infection (cauti) is the most common nosocomial infection in the united states. uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec), the most common cause of cauti, can form biofilms on indwelling catheters. here, we identify and characterize novel factors that affect biofilm formation by upec strains that cause cauti. sixty-five cauti upec isolates were characterized for phenotypic markers of urovirulence, including agglutination and biofilm formation. one isolate, e. coli m ... | 2008 | 18055599 |
| evolution of the chaperone/usher assembly pathway: fimbrial classification goes greek. | many proteobacteria use the chaperone/usher pathway to assemble proteinaceous filaments on the bacterial surface. these filaments can curl into fimbrial or nonfimbrial surface structures (e.g., a capsule or spore coat). this article reviews the phylogeny of operons belonging to the chaperone/usher assembly class to explore the utility of establishing a scheme for subdividing them into clades of phylogenetically related gene clusters. based on usher amino acid sequence comparisons, our analysis s ... | 2007 | 18063717 |
| citrobacter freundii peritonitis and tunnel infection in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | the clinical course of a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis who developed peritonitis and tunnel infection due to an unusual pathogen, citrobacter freundii, is described. the patient did not respond well to antibiogram-based therapy (intravenous meropenem and intraperitoneal gentamicin) and removal of the catheter was required. | 2008 | 18065679 |
| enterobacter sakazakii invasion in human intestinal caco-2 cells requires the host cell cytoskeleton and is enhanced by disruption of tight junction. | enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes systemic bacteremia and meningitis with high mortality, and powdered infant formula is a frequent source of this bacterium. however, the mechanisms that this organism uses to invade and translocate through the intestinal barrier are unknown. using caco-2 epithelial cells, we were able to demonstrate penetration of e. sakazakii and to determine invasion-associated properties. we found that e. sakazakii entry and invasion were depende ... | 2008 | 18070906 |
| enterobacter sakazakii invasion in human intestinal caco-2 cells requires the host cell cytoskeleton and is enhanced by disruption of tight junction. | enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes systemic bacteremia and meningitis with high mortality, and powdered infant formula is a frequent source of this bacterium. however, the mechanisms that this organism uses to invade and translocate through the intestinal barrier are unknown. using caco-2 epithelial cells, we were able to demonstrate penetration of e. sakazakii and to determine invasion-associated properties. we found that e. sakazakii entry and invasion were depende ... | 2008 | 18070906 |
| antimicrobial activities of tigecycline and other broad-spectrum antimicrobials tested against serine carbapenemase- and metallo-beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program. | a total of 104 carbapenemase (serine- and metallo-beta-lactamase [mbetal])-producing strains of the enterobacteriaceae family collected from 2000 to 2005 in medical centers distributed worldwide were tested against tigecycline and 25 comparators by reference broth microdilution methods. the most frequent carbapenemase was kpc-2 or -3 (73 strains), followed by vim-1 (14), imp-1 (11), sme-2 (5), and nmc-a (1). all serine carbapenemases were detected in the united states, while mbetal-producing str ... | 2007 | 18070960 |
| antimicrobial activities of tigecycline and other broad-spectrum antimicrobials tested against serine carbapenemase- and metallo-beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program. | a total of 104 carbapenemase (serine- and metallo-beta-lactamase [mbetal])-producing strains of the enterobacteriaceae family collected from 2000 to 2005 in medical centers distributed worldwide were tested against tigecycline and 25 comparators by reference broth microdilution methods. the most frequent carbapenemase was kpc-2 or -3 (73 strains), followed by vim-1 (14), imp-1 (11), sme-2 (5), and nmc-a (1). all serine carbapenemases were detected in the united states, while mbetal-producing str ... | 2007 | 18070960 |
| lack of response of int-407 cells to the presence of non-culturable campylobacter jejuni. | many contradictory articles on the infectivity of non-culturable campylobacter jejuni can be found. we studied the effect of non-culturable c. jejuni in an in vitro assay. to prevent the potential effect of a few culturable bacteria in the non-culturable suspension, int-407 cells, which mimic the outer cell layer in the small intestines, were exposed to culturable c. jejuni suspensions with or without non-culturable c. jejuni. the number of bacteria adhering to and/or invading int-407 cells and ... | 2008 | 18081950 |
| lack of response of int-407 cells to the presence of non-culturable campylobacter jejuni. | many contradictory articles on the infectivity of non-culturable campylobacter jejuni can be found. we studied the effect of non-culturable c. jejuni in an in vitro assay. to prevent the potential effect of a few culturable bacteria in the non-culturable suspension, int-407 cells, which mimic the outer cell layer in the small intestines, were exposed to culturable c. jejuni suspensions with or without non-culturable c. jejuni. the number of bacteria adhering to and/or invading int-407 cells and ... | 2008 | 18081950 |
| tetrameric restriction enzymes: expansion to the giy-yig nuclease family. | the giy-yig nuclease domain was originally identified in homing endonucleases and enzymes involved in dna repair and recombination. many of the giy-yig family enzymes are functional as monomers. we show here that the cfr42i restriction endonuclease which belongs to the giy-yig family and recognizes the symmetric sequence 5'-ccgc/gg-3' ('/' indicates the cleavage site) is a tetramer in solution. moreover, biochemical and kinetic studies provided here demonstrate that the cfr42i tetramer is cataly ... | 2007 | 18086711 |
| tetrameric restriction enzymes: expansion to the giy-yig nuclease family. | the giy-yig nuclease domain was originally identified in homing endonucleases and enzymes involved in dna repair and recombination. many of the giy-yig family enzymes are functional as monomers. we show here that the cfr42i restriction endonuclease which belongs to the giy-yig family and recognizes the symmetric sequence 5'-ccgc/gg-3' ('/' indicates the cleavage site) is a tetramer in solution. moreover, biochemical and kinetic studies provided here demonstrate that the cfr42i tetramer is cataly ... | 2007 | 18086711 |
| novel variant of the qnrb gene, qnrb12, in citrobacter werkmanii. | 2008 | 18086833 | |
| novel variant of the qnrb gene, qnrb12, in citrobacter werkmanii. | 2008 | 18086833 | |
| emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy for infections caused by enterobacteriaceae producing ampc beta-lactamase: implications for antibiotic use. | enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and morganella morganii are characterized by chromosomally encoded ampc beta-lactamases and possess the ability to develop resistance upon exposure to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. to determine the incidences of the emergence of resistance during antimicrobial therapy for infections caused by these organisms and the effect of the emergence of resistance on patient outcomes, all patients who were admitted to the asan medical center (s ... | 2008 | 18086837 |
| isolation and purification of enterocin e-760 with broad antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | strain nrrl b-30745, isolated from chicken ceca and identified as enterococcus durans, enterococcus faecium, or enterococcus hirae, was initially identified as antagonistic to campylobacter jejuni. the isolate produced a 5,362-da bacteriocin (enterocin) that inhibits the growth of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis, s. enterica serovar choleraesuis, s. enterica serovar typhimurium, s. enterica serovar gallinarum, escherichia coli o157:h7, yersinia enterocolitica, citrobacter freundii, klebs ... | 2008 | 18086839 |
| in vitro activity of isepamicin and other aminoglycosides against clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria causing nosocomial bloodstream infections. | isepamicin is a newly introduced aminoglycoside in taiwan. since in vitro data for isepamicin against nosocomial gram-negative bloodstream infection from taiwan are limited, we compared the activity of isepamicin, amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin against nosocomial gram-negative blood isolates. | 2007 | 18087627 |
| distribution of conjugative-plasmid-mediated 16s rrna methylase genes among amikacin-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolates collected in 1995 to 1998 and 2001 to 2006 at a university hospital in south korea and identification of conjugative plasmids mediating dissemination of 16s rrna methylase. | the distribution of conjugative-plasmid-mediated 16s rrna methylase genes among amikacin-resistant enterobacteriaceae collected between 1995 and 1998 and between 2001 and 2006 at a university hospital in south korea was examined, and conjugative plasmids carrying the 16s rrna methylase genes were characterized by pcr-based replicon typing and by determination of their antimicrobial resistance pattern. among the 7,127 isolates, 463 isolates showed a high level of resistance to amikacin, and 218 o ... | 2008 | 18094126 |
| [in vitro activity of arbekacin against clinical isolates of staphylococcus species and gram-negative bacilli]. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and some gram-negative bacilli are very prevalent nosocomial pathogens, commonly causing mixed infections, and are often resistant to multiple drugs. arbekacin is an aminoglycoside used for the treatment of mrsa infections, but is also active against some gram-negative bacilli. the aim of this study was to determine in vitro activity of arbekacin against recent clinical isolates of staphylococci and gram-negative bacilli. materials and | 2007 | 18094591 |
| detection and identification of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 and vibrio cholerae o139 using oligonucleotide microarray. | the rapid and accurate detection and identification of the new subtype of the pathogens is crucial for diagnosis, treatment and control of the contagious disease outbreak. here, in this study, an approach to detect and identify escherichia coli o157:h7 and vibrio cholerae o139 was established using oligonucleotide microarray. we coupled multiplex pcr with oligonucleotide microarray to construct an assay suitable for simultaneous identification of two subtypes of the pathogens. | 2007 | 18154687 |
| risk of gastrointestinal disease associated with exposure to pathogens in the water of the lower passaic river. | during precipitation events, untreated human sewage is often intentionally discharged to surface water bodies via combined sewer overflow (cso) systems in order to avoid overloading wastewater treatment plants. the purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the risk of pathogen-related disease associated with cso discharges into the lower passaic river. concentrations of fecal coliform, total coliform, fecal streptococcus, and fecal enterococcus bacteria were measured at six river locations on six ... | 2008 | 18156342 |
| risk of gastrointestinal disease associated with exposure to pathogens in the water of the lower passaic river. | during precipitation events, untreated human sewage is often intentionally discharged to surface water bodies via combined sewer overflow (cso) systems in order to avoid overloading wastewater treatment plants. the purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the risk of pathogen-related disease associated with cso discharges into the lower passaic river. concentrations of fecal coliform, total coliform, fecal streptococcus, and fecal enterococcus bacteria were measured at six river locations on six ... | 2008 | 18156342 |
| microbiological surveillance and parenteral antibiotic use in a critical care unit. | to evaluate parenteral antibiotic utilization and bacterial resistance patterns in a critical care unit (crcu). | 2000 | 18159274 |
| outcome of bacteremia and fungemia in paediatric oncology patients. | to determine the outcome of paediatric oncology patients with positive blood cultures. | 2002 | 18159414 |
| recovery of cephalosporin-resistant escherichia coli and salmonella from pork, beef and chicken marketed in nova scotia. | antimicrobial use in farm animals is a potentially important contributor to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. resistant salmonella may lead to serious human infections and resistant escherichia coli may transfer plasmid-encoded resistance genes to other pathogens. | 2004 | 18159497 |
| antimicrobial activities of ceftaroline and me1036 tested against clinical strains of community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | two investigational anti-methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (anti-mrsa) beta-lactams, ceftaroline (a cephalosporin) and me1036 (a carbapenem), were subjected to susceptibility testing by reference broth microdilution methods using 152 strains of community-acquired mrsa from the united states (47 medical centers). ceftaroline and me1036 were 64- and >128-fold more potent than ceftriaxone, respectively. all isolates had the panton-valentine leukocidin genes and staphylococcal cassette chr ... | 2008 | 18180353 |
| linkage of acquired quinolone resistance (qnrs1) and metallo-beta-lactamase (blavim-1) genes in multiple species of enterobacteriaceae from bolzano, italy. | twenty-four of 209 oxyimino-cephalosporin- and/or aztreonam-resistant enterobacteriaceae collected around bolzano had reduced susceptibility or resistance to carbapenems and gave positive metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl) tests. their resistance mechanisms were investigated. | 2008 | 18184647 |
| cmy-20, a novel ampc-type beta-lactamase from south african clinical escherichia coli isolates. | in this study, we report the presence of a novel plasmid-mediated ampc-type beta-lactamase that was isolated from 3 clinical escherichia coli isolates at a tertiary teaching hospital in durban, south africa. the nucleotide sequence of the genes encoding this novel beta-lactamase was found to be >94% identical to the nucleotide sequences of the plasmid-mediated ampc-type beta-lactamases originating from citrobacter freundii. this enzyme differed from cmy-2 by 3 amino acid substitutions and was de ... | 2008 | 18207348 |