Publications

[destruction of alkyl sulfates by a citrobacter freundii culture].		1978	203618
l-arabinose-ornithine-irgasan medium for differentiating serratia species.	a semisolid medium (designated serratia differentiation medium) containing l-arabinose, ornithine, and selective inhibitor was used to differentiate three clinically encountered serratia species. the inhibitor, irgasan dp-300, was incorporated to eliminate false-positive reactions from most remaining enterobacteriaceae. the suspected serratia colony was inoculated as a stab into the medium. serratia marcescens was indicated by a change in color from olive to purple following 18 h of incubation, ...	1978	348720
performance of enterobacteriaceae identification systems. an analysis of college of american pathologists survey data.	commercial systems designed and marketed for evaluation of enterobacteriaceae are used in many clinical microbiology laboratories. evaluations of these systems have been reported from several large laboratories. identifications with one or more of these systems were compared with those obtained by conventional methods with many strains of organisms. the microbiology resource committee of the college of american pathologists designed two surveys to evaluate the performances of commercial systems ...	1978	360823
enterotoxin-producing bacteria stools from swedish united nations soldiers in cyprus.	a study was designed to establish the role of heat-labile enterotoxin producing escherichia coli and other intestinal pathogens in diarrhoeal disease in swedish soldiers of the united nations' force in cyprus. before leaving sweden for cyprus, no enteropathogens were isolated from the soldiers. the study was performed from october 1975 through january 1976 and in august 1976. enterotoxigenic strains of e. coli, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae were the intesti ...	1978	355145
in vitro antibacterial activity of cefoperazone (t-1551), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin.	cefoperazone, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. it is as active as cefazolin and cefamandole against gram-positive bacteria and is more active than cefazolin and cefamandole against such gram-negative bacilli as escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, and serratia marcescens. the superiority of cefoperazone over cefazolin and cefamandole with respect to activity ...	1979	316988
mechanism of synergistic action of a combination of ampicillin and dicloxacillin against a beta-lactamase-producing strain of citrobacter freundii.	the mechanism of synergistic activity of a combination of ampicillin and dicloxacillin was studied on beta-lactamase-producing citrobacter freundii gn346 and its derived beta-lactamaseless mutant gn346/16. the synergistic activity was exhibited against the parent strain but not against the mutant strain. precultivation of the parent strain with the combination reduced the amount of the subsequent binding of [14c]penicillin g to the membrane fraction from the treated cells, but no reduction was o ...	1979	316307
citrobacter freundii meningitis in an adult.	we have described the first case of an adult patient with citrobacter freundii meningitis, which was successfully treated without administration of intrathecal aminoglycoside.	1979	515772
a natural outbreak of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia in a/j mice.	transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia was diagnosed in 6-month-old a/j mice kept under standard laboratory conditions. bacterial cultures revealed the presence of citrobacter freundii (4280). clinical signs included rough coats, feces adhering to the anus, slight dehydration and rectal prolapses. a nonclotting sanquinous intestinal fluid and gross colonic thickening were frequently seen at necropsy. morbidity was approximately 50%; mortality approximately 25%. tetracycline appeared to be effe ...	1979	459415
sensitivity of gentamicin-resistant enterobacteriaceae to cefamandole and cefoxitin.	a collection of gentamicin-resistant enterobacteriaceae strains was significantly more resistant to cefamandole than a species-matched collection of gentamicin-sensitive organisms. cefamandole and gentamicin resistance could be simultaneously transferred by conjugation from four different species, citrobacter freundii, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and serratia marcescens, to a recipient e. coli strain. plasmids specifying linked resistance to cefamandole and gentamicin are thus common ...	1979	456076
silver-resistant enterobacteriaceae from hospital patients.	the inclusion of agar medium containing 0.5 mm agno3 in the hospital laboratory replicating system for routine antibiotic-susceptibility determinations resulted in identification of species of enterobacteriaceae (escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and citrobacter freundii) with silver resistance. since the study began in october, 1975, 11 in-hospital patients receiving silver sulfadiazine for burn wound prophylaxis have yielded silver-resistant bact ...	1979	526888
[synthesis of tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine by bacteria citrobacter freundii].	among facultative-anaerobic bacteria utilizing formic acid, a large number of strains having tyrosine phenol lyase were found. the enzyme can catalyze synthesis of tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl alanine (dopa) from pyruvate, ammonium and, accordingly, phenol and pyrocatechol. these strains were identified as citrobacter freundii. cell suspensions of the most active strains synthesized up to 75 g/l tyrosine for 12 hr, up to 86 g/l tyrosine for 24 hr, and up to 29 g/l dopa for 42 hr. a medium c ...	1979	538011
developmental change and genetic defect in the carbohydrate structure of band 3 glycoprotein of human erythrocyte membrane.	the chemical structure of band 3 glycopeptide prepared from erythrocytes of normal adult (blood group oi), umbilical cord vessels (oi), and an i adult variant who fails to develop i antigen (oi), has been compared. band 3 glycopeptide of cord erythrocytes gave, on permethylation analysis, predominantly 2,4,6-tri-o-methylgalactose and 3,6-di-o-methyl-2-n-methylacetamido-2-deoxyglucose, whereas the same glycopeptide of normal adult erythrocytes gave much higher amounts of 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-methylgal ...	1979	438154
participation of quinone and cytochrome b in tetrathionate reductase respiratory chain of citrobacter freundii.	formate dehydrogenase, nadh dehydrogenase, a quinone and a b-type cytochrome characterized by maxima at 429 and 560 nm are shown to participate in the tetrathionate redox chain of citrobacter.	1979	435281
homology of the gene coding for outer membrane lipoprotein within various gram-negative bacteria.	the mrna for a major outer membrane lipoprotein from escherichia coli was found to hybridize specifically with one of the ecori and one of the hindiii restriction endonuclease-generated fragments of total dna from nine bacteria in the family enterobacteriaceae: e. coli, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhimurium, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella aerogenes, enterobacter aerogenes, edwardsiella tarda, serratia marcescens, and erwinia amylovora. however, among the enterobacteriaceae, dna from two ...	1979	104972
lethal effect of complement and lysozyme on polymyxin-treated, serum-resistant gram-negative bacilli.	when genetically serum-resistant escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and citrobacter freundii, but not pseudomonas aeruginosa or proteus mirabilis, were exposed to polymyxin b, they became susceptible to the bactericidal action of normal human and rabbit sera. in constrast, beta-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics did not render any serum-resistant bacteria serum-sensitive. synergy between polymyxin b and the serum bactericidal system could be demonstrated by the addition of polymyxin b t ...	1979	229175
resolution of the coenzyme b-12-dependent dehydratases of klebsiella sp. and citrobacter freundii.	diol dehydratase (1,2-propanediol hydro-lyase, ec 4.2.1.28) and glycerol dehydratase (glycerol hydro-lyase, ec 4.2.1.30) are shown to be distinct, separable enzymes that occur individually or together in different strains of klebsiella sp. anaerobic growth with propan-1,2-diol induces diol dehydratase alone, whereas glycerol fermentation induces both enzymes in k. pneumoniae atcc 25955 and in citrobacter freundii ncib 3735. the dehydratases can be resolved by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis o ...	1979	383154
association of tellurium resistance and bacteriophage inhibition conferred by r plasmids.	concomitant resistance to tellurium compounds (ter) and inhibition of coli-phage development (phi) are properties mediated by many h2 incompatibility group r plasmids which have been isolated from diverse bacterial and geographic sources. ter plasmids from tellurium-resistant bacteria that were isolated from sewage and industrial wastes also mediated phage inhibition. of these ter plasmids, three from citrobacter freundii belonged to the h incompatibility group, whereas three from klebsiella pne ...	1979	374351
the bacterial outer-membrane permeability of beta-lactam antibiotics.	two penicillins and 5 cephalosporins were evaluated for their ability to pass through the outer-membranes of proteus morganii, citrobacter freundii and escherichia coli. cefazolin, ceftezole and cephaloridine showed high permeability through the outer-membranes of these gram-negative bacteria. benzylpenicillin and cephalothin, on the contrary, showed low permeability. the outer-membrane permeability of ampicillin and cephalexin varied from species to species. c. freundii was found to have the hi ...	1979	368002
regulation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase synthesis in citrobacter freundii by traces of oxygen in commercial nitrogen gas and by glutamate.	glutamate induced the synthesis of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase 50-fold during anaerobic growth of citrobacter freundii and, in the absence of glutamate, this enzyme was even more active in cultures sparged with n2/co2(95:5, v/v). enzyme synthesis was partially repressed when the inlet gas was passed through heated copper but totally repressed when the inlet gas was passed through alkaline pyrogallol and reduced benzyl viologen (a treatment which would remove co2 as well as o2). fumarate hydrata ...	1979	541660
[interest of gamma-glutamyltransferase in "enterobacteriaceae" (author's transl)].	gamma-glutamyltransferase (gammagt) could be detected in 86,6% of 3,027 strains of enterobacteriaceae, by the use of gamma-l-glutamin-p-nitranilide acid for substrate. the following species produced gamma gt: citrobacter freundii, levinea malonatica, l. amalonatica, klebsiella pneumoniae, k. oxytoca, k. ozaenae, enterobacter aerogenes, e. cloacae, e. agglomerans, e. gergoviae, k. ozaenae, enterobacter aerogenes, e. cloacae, e. agglomerans, e. gergoviae, hafnia alvei, erwinia carotovora, serratia ...	1980	6104464
tk polyagglutination produced in vitro by an endo-beta-galactosidase.	after treatment with the culture supernatant of bacteroides fragilis or with an endo-beta-galactosidase from escherichia freundii, the human red blood cells are tk-activated, i.e. agglutinable by bs ii lectin and their blood group i and i activities are reduced. these results suggest that b. fragilis produces an endo-beta-galactosidase activity and that the main antigenic determinant of tk polyagglutinable red cells is a terminal n-acetyl-glucosamine residue.	1980	6773244
cefoxitin resistance by a chromosomal cephalosporinase in escherichia coli.	cefoxitin resistance, an unique property found in clinical isolates of escherichia coli was investigated. cefoxitin resistant strains, 255 and gn206, produced cephalosporinase constitutively. the cephalosporinase was located in the periplasm, and its production was considered to be mediated by chromosomal gene(s). cephalosporinase-less mutants from both strains were susceptible to cefoxitin as well as other beta-lactam antibiotics, suggesting that the cephalosporinase was responsible for the res ...	1980	7002896
citrobacter infections in humans: experience at the seattle veterans administration medical center and a review of the literature.	the genus citrobacter is a distinct group of human pathogens comprising three species: citrobacter freundii (biotypes a and b), citrobacter amalonaticus, and citrobacter diversus. in this review the clinical and microbiologic experience during 1972-1978 at the seattle veterans administration medical center (seattle, wash.) with 298 isolates of citrobacter is analyzed in relation to a survey of the literature. the most common sources of citrobacter isolates were urine, sputum, and soft tissue exu ...	1980	6763304
[taxonomic study of "citrobacter freundii" biochemical variants (author's transl)].	biochemical variants (ornithine-decarboxylase-positive and beta-galactosidase-negative) of citrobacter freundii were characterized using numerical taxonomy, determination of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) base composition and dna-dna hybridization. three clusters were detected by numerical taxonomy based on the assimilation of 146 carbohydrates. the atypical strains were dispersed into two clusters along with typical c. freundii strains. furthermore, m-hydroxybenzoate metabolism, determination of b ...	1980	6770734
bacterial colonization of the upper intestine in mild tropical malabsorption.	the bacterial flora of the upper intestine has been examined in symptomatic expatriate adults with mild tropical malabsorption, without steatorrhoea, persisting for many months after return to a western environment. seven of the 11 patients had enterobacteria in luminal fluid or mucosal samples in numbers ranging from 10(3) to 10(8) per ml or per g. the most common isolate was klebsiella pneumoniae (in four cases); citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens and pseudomonas spp. were also detected ...	1980	7210130
an outbreak of diarrhea due to citrobacter freundii in a neonatal special care nursery.		1980	7216341
a biotype of enterobacteriaceae intermediate between citrobacter and enterobacter.	the authors isolated two strains of an unnamed bacterial biotype with characteristics intermediate between those of enterobacter and citrobacter. the organisms did not produce acetyl-methyl carbinol, but decarboxylated lysine. apart from the latter trait, they most closely resemble h2s-negative citrobacter freundii. they differ biochemically from all other currently accepted species of enterobacteriaceae. their pathogenic significance appears similar to that of the two genera they most closely r ...	1980	7352413
presence of erythroglycan on human k-562 chronic myelogenous leukemia-derived cells.	total glycopeptides from human k-562 cells, labeled metabolically with [3h]glucosamine or [3h]mannose, were prepared by extracting the cells with organic solvents to remove lipids and by digesting the residue with pronase. 3h-labeled glycopeptides were fractionated on sephadex g-50 revealing a high molecular weight fraction (mr = 7,000 to 11,000), comprising approximately 10% of the [3h]glucosamine and 25% of the [3h]mannose label. digestion of this glycopeptide fraction with endo-beta-galactosi ...	1980	6928849
bacterial contamination of drinking water supplies in a modern rural neighborhood.	on six occasions during a 15-month period, the private well and spring water supplies in a modern rural neighborhood of 78 households were examined for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, staphylococcus aureus, and standard plate count bacteria. more than one-third of the water supplies were unsatisfactory on at least one occasion as judged by standard plate counts over 10(3)/ml and the presence of coliforms, fecal coliforms, and/or s. aureus. citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae, and esche ...	1980	7377773
isolation and characterization of an endo-beta-galactosidase from a new strain of escherichia freundii.	a new strain of escherichia freundii was isolated from human feces. compared with the previous strain (kitamikado, m., and ueno, r. (1970) bull. jpn. soc. sci. fish. 36, 1175-1180), this strain releases comparable levels of endo-beta-galactosidase with lower levels of exoglycosidases in the culture medium containing 0.3% of keratan sulfate. endo-beta-galactosidase was purified by an improved purification procedure involving amicon h1p10 hollow fiber filtration, qae-sephadex a-50, and cm-sephadex ...	1980	6769923
purification and properties of chromosomally mediated beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii gn7391.	both a penicillinase and a cephalosporinase are present in a strain of citrobacter freundii (gn7391) resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. the penicillinase was identical to the type ia penicillinases (type iii by richmond classification), mediated by rms212 and r-tem. a cephalosporinase, typical of enterobacteriaceae chromosomal beta-lactamase (type i by richmond classification), was purified from the strain. it gave a single protein band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoelectrop ...	1980	6973612
evaluation of a new assay for vi antibody in chronic carriers of salmonella typhi.	the assay for serum antibody to the salmonella typhi capsular polysaccharide (vi) antigen has recently been revised because of the availability of a purified, highly polymerized vi antigen. we compared this revised vi antibody assay to the traditional one for potential usefulness in the surveillance of chronic enteric carriers of s. typhi. the purified vi antigen of citrobacter freundii was incorporated into a passive hemagglutination assay for serum vi antibody; the standard vi antibody assay w ...	1980	7419698
nosocomial bacteriuria: a prospective study of case clustering and antimicrobial resistance.	to investigate the role of cross-infection in nonepidemic nosocomial bacteriuria in a large, university-affiliated hospital, we identified in adult patients admitted over an 11-week period all cases caused by organisms of the same genus, species, and antimicrobial susceptibility and clustered by date of onset and hospital ward. further laboratory studies were conducted to verify clustering. among the 3452 patients studied, 194 cases of nosocomial bacteriuria were identified; 49 appeared clustere ...	1980	7436158
effect of a combination of benzylpenicillin or ampicillin and dicloxacillin on peptidoglycan synthesis in a cell-free enzyme system from a beta-lactamase producing strain of citrobacter freundii.	the membrane fraction prepared from beta-lactamase producing citrobacter freundii gn346 catalyzed in vitro peptidoglycan synthesis from uridine-5'-diphosphate-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelyl- d-alanyl-d-alanine and uridine-5'-diphosphate-n-acetylglucosamine, which was accompanied by the release of alanine from the carboxyl terminal end of the former substrate. though this reaction was inhibited by benzylpenicillin (pcg) and ampicillin (abpc), the reaction was relatively i ...	1980	6967868
screening of bacterial isolates for mannose-specific lectin activity by agglutination of yeasts.	a total of 393 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for their ability to agglutinate yeast cells of either saccharomyces cerevisiae or candida albicans. a positive agglutination of yeasts that could be prevented by methyl alpha-d-mannoside was taken as an indication for the possible presence of a mannose-specific lectin (carbohydrate-binding protein) on the surface of the tested bacteria. agglutination tests on glass slides showed that 38% of all the isolates tested were positive in their cap ...	1980	6989854
regulation of hydrogenase activity in enterobacteria.	proteus vulgaris, escherichia coli, and citrobacter freundii cells were devoid of hydrogenase activity when grown on complex medium or minimal medium plus glucose in the presence of saturating levels of dissolved oxygen. anaerobically grown cells had appreciable hydrogenase activity. cells grown anaerobically in the presence of co (an inhibitor of hydrogenase) or nitrate (an electron acceptor) lacked hydrogenase activity. to make hydrogenase essential for anaerobic growth, cells were grown on fu ...	1980	7002905
[citrobacter freundii osteomyelitis of the mandible: review of the literature and report of a case].		1980	7471661
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of fr-31564, a new phosphonic acid antibiotic.	fr-31564, a new phosphonic acid antibiotic, was active against most gram-negative bacteria except serratia marcescens and glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative rods excluding pseudomonas aeruginosa. the antibacterial activity in vitro of fr-31564 was stronger than that of fosfomycin especially against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter species and p. aeruginosa. fr-31564 also was active against gram-negative bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and against gentamicin-re ...	1980	7372548
[isolation, purification and some properties of tyrosine-phenol-lyase from citrobacter freundii cells].	a new procedure for isolation of tyrosine-phenol-lyase from the cells of c. freundii strain 62 allowing to obtain a highly purified enzyme with a high yield at a reduced time expenditure has been developed. the procedure described differs from the well-known method for isolation of the enzyme from the cells of escherichia intermedia and erwinia herbicola. some properties of the enzyme from c. freundii 62, e.g. stability, dependence of the enzyme activity on some mono- and bivalent cations and ph ...	1980	7378508
[conditions for the formation of molecular hydrogen by citrobacter freundii].	cell suspensions of citrobacter freundii grown under anaerobic and aerobic conditions are capable of evolving molecular hydrogen. hydrogen evolution is more active by the cells of anaerobic cultures in the exponential growth phase in the presence of reduced methylviologen or formate. the optimal temperature for hydrogen evolution from formate is about 40 degrees c, the optimal ph is 6.2 to 6.4. the presence of o2 in the gaseous phase inhibits hydrogen evolution by the cells; however the inhibiti ...	1980	7412615
agglutinins to bacteria in crohn's disease.	sera from patients with crohn's disease were tested for antibodies against organisms which are thought to cause inflammatory bowel disease in animals, or have been implicated in human crohn's disease. control sera were collected from healthy individuals and patients with ulcerative colitis. sera from crohn's disease and controls failed to agglutinate clostridium colinum or campylobacter sputorum subsp. mucosalis and two strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (m26 and m27). most of the sera ag ...	1980	7429299
modification of early dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis by colonic mucosal hyperplasia.	the interaction of colonic mucosal hyperplasia with early 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh) carcinogenesis was studied in random-bred nih swiss mice utilizing hyperplasia-inducing citrobacter freundii. mice inoculated with this bacterium developed significantly more dmh focal atypia than did mice without hyperplasia following a single dose of dmh (20 mg/kg). mice with hyperplasia also developed dmh focal atypia with diminished doses of dmh (10 and 5 mg/kg), while normal mice did not. the effect of c. ...	1980	7438077
effect of glucose on the biochemical properties of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.	the cytoplasmic membrane isolated from cells of citrobacter freundii growing in a cultivation medium with glucose was found to exhibit a decreased ability to oxidize formate and succinate and a decreased activity of formate, succinate and lactate dehydrogenase as compared with the cytoplasmic membrane of cells growing on galactose. the activation energy for dehydrogenation and oxidation of succinate simultaneously increases. the quantitative content of cytochromes and quinones in both types of m ...	1980	7439843
growth conditions and heat resistance of citrobacter freundii.	the influence of the growth medium and the growth temperature on the heat resistance of citrobacter freundii has been established. logarithmic growth phase cells grown on rich media have a higher heat resistance than cells of the same phase grown on minimal media. this finding was independent of type of carbon source in the growth medium, but the kind of carbon source has a definite influence on the heat resistance. logarithmic phase cells grown at 37 degrees c are much more heat stable than cel ...	1980	7235690
the microbiology of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia.	the relationship of citrobacter freundii (4280) to the development of colonic hyperplasia in mice was investigated. the number of citrobacter freundii (4280) in the descending colon were quantitated at intervals following experimental inoculation, and findings were correlated with previously reported histological and ultrastructural findings. citrobacter freundii (4280) was a transient infection, lasting 2-3 weeks, after which time mice no longer harbored the organism. neomycin sulfate and tetra ...	1980	7052371
kinetics of manganese oxidation by cell-free extracts of bacteria isolated from manganese concretions from soil.	a study of the kinetics of mn oxidation catalyzed by cell extracts of two bacterial isolates (e(1), pseudomonas iii [new isolate] and e(4), citrobacter freundii) isolated from the core of manganese concretions from greek soils is presented. the reaction velocity of mn oxidation was determined from the rate of consumption of mn. the oxidation of mn was followed by measuring changes in mn concentration by activation analysis and by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. the reaction velocity was dir ...	1980	16345498
the susceptibility of nosocomial pathogens to ceftazidime.	the activities in vitro of ceftazidime and of cefuroxime have been compared against 201 strains of bacteria which had been isolated either from outbreaks of nosocomial infection or were typical of strains causing such outbreaks. ceftazidime was found to be about 1000 times more active against pseudomonas spp. and proteus vulgaris, and between 10 and 100 times more active against klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter spp., citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, proteus rettgeri, proteus morgani ...	1981	19802966
ceftazidime, a pseudomonas-active cephalosporin: in-vitro antimicrobial activity evaluation including recommendations for disc diffusion susceptibility tests.	the in-vitro qualities of ceftazidime, as compared to other beta-lactams and three other antimicrobials (amikacin, gentamicin and chloramphenicol), were evaluated in a multilaboratory, multiphasic study in the united states. a total of 12,986 recent clinical isolates were tested by reference dilution methods in six medical centres over 45-60 days. ceftazidime was superior to the comparison cephalosporin (cefamandole) and comparable in spectrum and activity to gentamicin against enterobacteriacea ...	1981	19802985
r-plasmid transfer to and from escherichia coli strains isolated from human fecal samples.	strains of escherichia coli recently isolated from human feces were examined for the frequency with which they accept an r factor (r1) from a derepressed fi strain of e. coli k-12 and transfer it to fecal and laboratory strains. colicins produced by some of the isolates rapidly killed the other half of the mating pair; therefore, conjugation was conducted by a membrane filtration procedure whereby this effect was minimized. the majority of fecal e. coli isolates accepted the r factor at lower fr ...	1981	16345759
exclusive localization of colicin a in cell cytoplasm of producing bacteria.	the production of colicin a in citrobacter freundii and in escherichia coli was studied. after induction with low concentrations of mitomycin c, these organisms differed with regards to cell growth, cell viability, and kinetics of colicin a biosynthesis. despite these differences, immunoferritin labelling on ultra-thin sections of induced frozen cells demonstrated that colicin a was located exclusively within the cell cytoplasm in both types of bacteria. by using protein markers, it was shown th ...	1981	7042335
plasmid specification of resistance to antibacterial compounds in environmental citrobacter freundii.	citrobacter freundii from an environmental source displayed resistance to a wide variety of antibacterials. some of these resistances could be transferred by conjugation with frequencies as high as 10(-2). the complexity of plasmid involvement in the antibacterial resistance of this species was demonstrated by isolation of plasmid dna from two isolates. in one strain, resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics was specified by a 55 x 10(6) molecular weight plasmid, whereas kanamycin and neomycin resi ...	1981	7237280
relationship of colonic mucosal background to neoplastic proliferative activity in dimethylhydrazine-treated mice.	proliferative activity of background and neoplastic colonic mucosa was examined following five months of weekly injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (20 mg/kg) and one or four months of rest to determine whether previously reported changes may result from an acute or chronic effect of dimethylhydrazine and whether differences exist between stages of neoplasia. to determine whether neoplasia is responsive to a proliferative stimulus, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride-treated mice were inoculat ...	1981	7248933
in vitro synergism of fr-31564, a new phosphonic acid antibiotic.	against most test strains of gram-negative bacilli, the in vitro effect of fr-31564 together with beta-lactam antibiotics or trimethoprim was strongly synergistic; with tetracycline and nalidixic acid the effect was additive; and with gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole the effect was additive or antagonistic. fr-31564 was markedly synergistic with beta-lactam antibiotics against beta-lactam antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli such as klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, e. cloacae, ...	1981	7287590
[citrobacter freundii interaction with epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro].	electron-microscopic study has revealed the capacity of enteropathogenic c. freundii strain to adhere to the glycocalyx of epithelial hela cells, to proliferate on their surface and to induce the toxic damage of their organelles. c. freundii, possessing a fibrillar microcapsule, have been shown to be capable of resisting the action of the lysosome enzymes of guinea-pig macrophages and disorganizing macrophage cultures. the latter fact should be taken into consideration in working with c. freundi ...	1981	7293573
biochemical characteristics and identification of enterobacteriaceae isolated from meats.	the isolation and identification of 2,220 enterobacteriaceae from meats indicated that escherichia coli biotype i, enterobacter agglomerans, and serratia liquefaciens were the principal types to be differentiated in meats. citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, and enterobacter hafniae were also commonly identified. identification of isolates by the encise ii (roche diagnostics inc., nutley, n.j.) and minitek (bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.) coding system ...	1981	7013705
effect of clindamycin prophylaxis on the colonic microflora in patients undergoing colorectal surgery.	clindamycin was given intravenously to 15 patients undergoing colorectal surgery in an initial dose of 600 mg, given at induction of anesthesia followed by 6 doses of 600 mg at 8-h intervals. series of serum samples and fecal specimens were taken for analysis of clindamycin concentrations. tissue samples from the gut wall were taken at surgery. the highest serum concentrations observed occurred 30 min after administration of clindamycin and varied between 6.8 and 37.9 microgram/ml (mean, 14.8 +/ ...	1981	7325640
coliform species recovered from untreated surface water and drinking water by the membrane filter, standard, and modified most-probable-number techniques.	the species of total coliform bacteria isolated from drinking water and untreated surface water by the membrane filter (mf), the standard most-probable-number (s-mpn), and modified most-probable-number (m-mpn) techniques were compared. each coliform detection technique selected for a different profile of coliform species from both types of water samples. the mf technique indicated that citrobacter freundii was the most common coliform species in water samples. however, the fermentation tube tech ...	1981	7013706
purification and characterization of endo-beta-galactosidase from escherichia freundii induced by hog gastric mucin.	a new procedure for inducing and purifying endo-beta-galactosidase from escherichia freundii was described. the enzyme was found to be induced with high efficiency in culture medium containing smith-degraded hog gastric mucin, which was prepared from a commercially available starting material. endo-beta-galactosidase was then purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-sephadex chromatography, and affinity chromatography on sepharose conjugated with the smith-degraded mucin. the enzyme thus ...	1981	6783649
isolation and structural characterization of human lymphocyte and neutrophil gangliosides.	gangliosides were isolated from purified preparations of human peripheral blood lymphocytes and neutrophils. structural analyses and comparisons were performed by direct probe mass spectrometry and by degradation studies with the following enzymes: escherichia freundii endo-beta-galactosidase; clostridium perfringens and arthrobacter ureafaciens neuraminidase; and jack bean beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase and beta-galactosidase. this combination of techniques allowed us to obtain carbohydrate compos ...	1981	6780555
cell-free biosynthesis of erythroglycan in a microsomal fraction from k-562 cells.	particulate membrane preparations from k-562 [human cml (chronic-myelogenous-leukaemia)-derived] cells catalyse the transfer of [3h]galactose from udp-[3h]-galactose and [3h]n-acetylglucosamine from udp-[3h]n-acetylglucosamine into an endogenous product that on digestion with pronase yields long-chain glycopeptides (mol.wt. 7000--10 000) called 'erythroglycan'. incorporation of either labelled sugar increased up to 60 min of incubation time. the labelled erythroglycan was isolated by chromatogra ...	1981	6798962
[quantitative bacterial ecology of normal nasal mucosa].	a quantitative research into the aerobic bacteria of human nasal cavities has been carried out; 183 healthy individuals observed, negative results 18 (9.83%). streptococcus, enterococcus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, micrococcus, streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria, were numerically determined and the incidence of each single species or genus exactly specified. among gram-negative bacteria, enterobacter, providencia, proteus, citrobacter freundii, haemophilus influenzae, kl ...	1981	7034653
the inhibition of bacterial cell growth by ketone bodies.	the effect of ketone bodies on the growth, in culture, of escherichia coli was investigated. both growth and glucose utilisation were inhibited in the presence of 20 mmol/l d-3-hydroxybutyrate. lower concentrations of d-3-hydroxybutyrate caused proportionally less inhibition of growth. acetoacetate also inhibited growth but other glycolytic inhibitors and chemical analogues of d-3-hydroxybutyrate either did not inhibit or proved to be too toxic for bacterial growth. citrate enhanced the ketone b ...	1981	7034705
biosynthesis and export of colicin a in citrobacter freundii ca31.	synthesis of colicin a after induction with mitomycin c was studied. specific inhibition of chromosomal protein synthesis occurred very shortly after mitomycin addition. there was no coordinate synthesis of colicin a (61000 mr) and low-molecular-weight protein. free and membrane-bound polysome fractions were isolated from cells induced with mitomycin c. colicin a is synthesized in vitro in the free polysomes and not in the membrane-bound polysomes. conditions are described which allow a practica ...	1981	6455292
cefmenoxime (sce-1365), a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities.	the activity of cefmenoxime (sce-1365), 7 beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(z)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-[(1-methyl-1h-tetrazol-5-yl)thiomethyl]ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid, was compared with that of other cephalosporins. cefmenoxime exhibited high activity against a wide variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the in vitro activity of cefmenoxime against streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, and enterobacteriaceae, including indole-positive proteus, serratia marcescens, ente ...	1981	6941742
an r plasmid of broad host-range, coding for resistance to nine antimicrobial agents endemic in gram-negative nosocomial isolates.	of 3952 clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, 246 exhibited resistance to at least carbenicillin, gentamicin and tobramycin. all these isolates, representing eight genera, were resistant to at least nine antimicrobial agents in common, including the three key antibiotics and streptomycin, kanamycin, sisomycin, ampicillin, cephalothin and sulphonamide. the strains could be subdivided into seven groups depending upon additional resistance traits and some were resistant to as many as 15 antibiot ...	1981	6273563
genetic regulation of variable vi antigen expression in a strain of citrobacter freundii.	certain strains of the genus citrobacter exhibit a variable expression of the vi surface antigen that appears to involve a special mechanism for regulation of gene expression. two nonlinked chromosomal loci, viaa and viab, are known to determine nonvariable vi antigen expression in strains of salmonella. to confirm the presence of analogous loci in citrobacter and to ascertain whether either of them is involved in variable vi antigen expression in this organism, donor strains were constructed fr ...	1981	6161917
[clinical evaluation of cefotaxime at various dosage levels in urinary tract infections (author's transl)].	in this study, 63 patients with various urinary tract infections were treated with cefotaxime in different dosages. they were aged from 10 to 82 years (mean: 59). the cases included 33 cystitis, 25 pyelonephritis, 4 chronic prostatitis and 1 orchiepididymitis. 85 strains of enterobacteria were identified: 20 e. coli, 2 citrobacter freundi, 5 proteus mirabilis, 12 indole positive proteus, 1 providentia, 11 klebsiella, 3 enterobacter cloacae and 31 serratia marescens and liquefaciens. 80 of these ...	1981	6259607
effect of combination of cefsulodin and mecillinam.	the effect of cefsulodin in combination with mecillinam was examined against a wide range of bacterial species. the antibacterial spectrum was widened by the combination of cefsulodin and mecillinam in the ratio of 5:1 and 10:1. in overall observations, in the in vitro test, a synergistic effect against clinical isolates was found on klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, proteus mirabilis and proteus vulgaris, and an additive effect was found on ...	1981	6268593
beta-lactamase stability and antibacterial activity of cefmenoxime (sce-1365), a novel cephalosporin.	cefmenoxime, a new cephalosporin antibiotic, has been shown to be stable to a staphylococcus aureus penicillinase and r plasmid-mediated type i and type iv penicillinases. it was also resistant to hydrolysis by most cephalosporinases, but was susceptible to hydrolysis by a proteus vulgaris beta-lactamase. cefmenoxime was active against cephaloridine-resistant species, except pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was moderately resistant to cefmenoxime. cefmenoxime was an inducer of p. vulgaris beta-lact ...	1981	6269488
cefotaxime: a review of in vitro antimicrobial properties and spectrum of activity.	cefotaxime has remarkable potency against all enterobacteriaceae, including enterobacter species, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, and morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, and providencia species--all of which are resistant to earlier cephalosporins. cefotaxime generally inhibits greater than 90% of enteric bacilli at concentrations of less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml; in one study it inhibited greater than 98% of isolates at less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml. for staphyloc ...	1982	6294779
a new restriction endonuclease from citrobacter freundii.	cfri, a new restriction endonuclease of unique substrate specificity, has been isolated from a citrobacterfreundii strain. the enzyme recognizes a degenerated sequence pyggccpu in double-strand dna and cleaves it between py and g residues to yield 5' -protruding tetranucleotide ends ggcc.	1982	6294607
endo-beta-galactosidase from escherichia freundii.		1982	6808309
hand carriage of aerobic gram-negative rods by health care personnel.	a quantitative culture technique (hand washed in a glove containing broth for 30 s) was used to determine the frequency of hand carriage of aerobic gram-negative rods by various groups of health care workers and 104 control subjects. overall, 31% of health care workers carried aerobic gram-negative rods on their hands compared to 59% of control subjects (p < 0.001). enterobacter agglomerans accounted for 40% of the isolates, and other enterobacter spp. 7%. other organisms included acinetobacter ...	1982	7097001
evolutionary divergence of the citrobacter freundii tryptophan operon regulatory region: comparison with other enteric bacteria.	the regulatory region of the trp operon of citrobacter freundii was sequenced and compared with the corresponding regions of other enteric bacteria. significant differences were noted in the promoter region. these differences are presumably responsible for the weak expression of the cloned trp operon in escherichia coli. the presumed operator region, although nonfunctional in e. coli, has dyad symmetry, but the sequence of the symmetrical region differs appreciably from those of operators that c ...	1982	6749821
rapid differentiation of bacterial meningitides by direct gas-liquid chromatography.	rapid identification of haemophilus influenzae and other bacillary meningitides was attempted by gas-liquid chromatography (glc) of the metabolic by-products in broth cultures and in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples obtained from experimental meningitis produced in new zealand white male rabbits. these results were correlated with the glc of csf of meningitis patients. a major peak with retention time of succinic acid was found in the broth cultures of all bacilli tested including h. influenzae ...	1982	7042759
[cytochrome composition and content of citrobacter freundii].	citrobacter freundii, strain 62, produces considerable amounts of cytochromes c and b when it grows in media with different carbon compounds under both aerobic anc anaerobic conditions. the content of cytochromes c increases under anaerobic conditions, particularly in the presence of formate or dmso, and under aerobic conditions if formate is added. in contrast, the amount of cytochromes b decreased when the culture is grown in media with formate under anaerobic conditions. cytochrome o is princ ...	1982	7045598
characterization of indicator bacteria in municipal raw water, drinking water, and new main water samples.	municipal water samples were analyzed by membrane filter (mf) and presence-absence (p-a) tests for pollution indicator bacteria. in four years, 11 514 bacterial cultures were isolated from either raw water, drinking water, or new main water samples submitted to three environmental laboratories. the bacterial species occurring most often in all types of water samples were escherichia coli (11.6-39.7%), enterobacter aerogenes (18.1-26.3%), aeromonas hydrophila (8.8-17.0%), klebsiella pneumoniae (7 ...	1982	6754044
neutral glycosphingolipids of human acute leukemias.	neutral glycosphingolipids were isolated from the malignant cells of several patients with different types of acute leukemia. analyses were performed by high performance liquid chromatography combined with enzymatic hydrolysis of glycosphingolipids using glycosidases (escherichia freundii endo-beta-galactosidase, jack bean beta-galactosidase, and beef kidney beta-hexosaminidase). we found that acute leukemia cells contain very little or none of the more complex neutral glycosphingolipids that ar ...	1982	6955304
pulmonary toxicity of endotoxins: comparison of lipopolysaccharides from various bacterial species.	lipopolysaccharides from three gram-negative bacteria isolated from bale cotton and piggery air were analyzed for their chemical composition, and their pulmonary toxicity for guinea pigs, lethal toxicity for mice, and pyrogenicity for rabbits were measured. lipopolysaccharides from enterobacter agglomerans and citrobacter freundii had closely related chemical compositions; both were pyrogenic for rabbits and caused a dose-dependent influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the airways of guine ...	1982	7056574
recovery of heat-injured citrobacter freundii cells.		1982	7068522
in vitro activity of apalcillin compared with that of other new penicillins and anti-pseudomonas cephalosporins.	apalcillin, a naphthydridine derivative of ampicillin, was compared with ticarcillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone against gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial isolates and with cefsulodin and tobramycin against pseudomonas aeruginosa. the minimal concentrations of apalcillin at which 50 and 90% of hospital isolates of escherichia coli were inhibited were similar to those of mezlocillin and piperacillin (1.6 and 100 micrograms/ml, respectively). apalci ...	1982	6981375
underestimation of total-coliform counts by the membrane filter verification procedure.	coliforms, primarily citrobacter freundii, gave negative verification results in the total-coliform membrane filtration test. the organisms produced gas from lactose in brilliant green bile broth but not in lauryl tryptose broth. the discrepancy was related to the peptone sources used in the media.	1982	7149709
studies on the oa-6129 group of antibiotics, new carbapenem compounds. ii. in vitro evaluation.	the oa-6129 group of antibiotics, new carbapenem compounds, had relatively potent antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. synergism of compound oa-6129a in combination with conventional beta-lactam antibiotics was observed in antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase producers such as proteus vulgaris gn 76 and citrobacter freundii gn 346. the new carbapenem compounds were slightly superior to ps-5 in stability to kidney homogenates of various animal specie ...	1982	7174514
biochemical properties of the high-molecular-weight glycopeptides released from the cell surface of human teratocarcinoma cells.	the present study deals with the biochemical properties of high-molecular-weight glycopeptides isolated from the surface of human teratocarcinoma cells. this cell surface material released by mild trypsin digestion from galactose-labeled human teratocarcinoma cells, tera i and pa1, was digested extensively with pronase. most of the resulting glycopeptides were large and were excluded from a sephadex g-50 column. the properties of these large cell surface glycopeptides isolated from tera i cells ...	1982	6802482
[effect of oxygen and substrates for growth on the superoxide dismutase and catalase activity of microorganisms].	the activity of superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase in azotobacter vinelandii, citrobacter freundii, rhodopseudomonas capsulata, thiocapsa roseopersicina and spirulina platensis is far higher when the cultures are grown under the aerobic conditions. the activities of sod and catalase are higher in r. capsulata cells cultivated in a medium with glucose in the dark under the aerobic conditions than in cells grown under the same conditions but in the light. r. capsulata grown in a medium with g ...	1982	6803110
cell-associated glycosaminoglycans of human teratocarcinoma-derived cells of line pa 1.	human teratocarcinoma-derived cells of line pa 1, which are capable of differentiating in vitro [zeuthen, j. et al. (1980) int j. cancer, 25, 19-32], incorporate label from radioactive sulfate and/or glucosamine into several large-sized glycosaminoglycans including hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate co-polymers, heparan sulfate and keratan-sulfate-like molecules. all these polysaccharide fractions were identified by specific degradation methods. the labeled hyaluronate was degrade ...	1982	6804234
beta-lactamase inhibitory activities and synergistic effects of 5,6-cis-carbapenem antibiotics.	twelve 5,6-cis-carbapenem antibiotics were examined for their beta-lactamase inhibitory activities, their types of inhibitions, and their synergistic activities with other beta-lactam antibiotics. all the carbapenems inhibited eight types of beta-lactamases including cephalosporinases which were insensitive to clavulanic acid and sulbactam. the sulfonyloxy ethyl carbapenems were the most active inhibitors; they inhibited all beta-lactamases in a progressive fashion, whereas some of the hydroxyl ...	1982	6982889
rhodanese activity: a simple and reliable taxonomic tool for gram-negative bacteria.	the thiosulphate: cyanide sulphurtransferase (rhodanese) test of vandenbergh, bawdon and berk (1979) has been simplified and 2469 strains from a wide variety of sources representing different biochemical, serological or phage-pattern entities were tested. the percentages of rhondanese-producing strains were: escherichia coli 98%, shigella flexneri serovars 1-5%, x and y 0%, other shigellae 73-100%, yersinia spp. 0%, salmonella subgenera i-iv 0%, citrobacter freundi 16%, klebsiella 37%, enterobac ...	1982	6958873
influence of diluents, media, and membrane filters on detection fo injured waterborne coliform bacteria.	pure cultures of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, and citrobacter freundii were injured ( greater than 90%) in water from a dead-end section of the bozeman, montana, distribution system. the effects of the following laboratory variables on the enumeration efficiency of injured and undamaged control cells were examined: (i) diluent composition, temperature, and time of exposure; (ii) media, using various formulations employed in enumerating gram-negative bacteria; ...	1982	7034648
structures of branched blood group a-active glycosphingolipids in human erythrocytes and polymorphism of a- and h-glycolipids in a1 and a2 subgroups.	the structures of two branched variants of blood group a-active glycolipid, ac and ad (hakomori, s., stellner, k., and watanabe, k. (1972) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 49, 1061-1068), isolated from human type a-erythrocytes, were elucidated. the intact glycolipids and fragments produced by treatment with endo-beta-galactosidase from escherichia freundii (fukuda, m. n., and matsumura, g. (1976) j. biol. chem. 251, 6218-6225) were analyzed by methylation. in addition, a specific limited enzyme d ...	1982	7053380
sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of the automicrobic system (with the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card) for identifying clinical isolates of gram- negative bacilli.	two independent laboratories tested 1,743 clinical isolates by using the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card in the automicrobic system (ams) and identical standard reference methods. included were 55 isolates representing 11 species that cannot be identified by the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card computer program; 3 or these isolates were incorrectly identified as pseudomonas cepacia. with the other 1,688 isolates, 5% of the ams identifications were considered to be equivocal (pro ...	1982	7040457
a new glycolipid antigen isolated from human erythrocyte membranes reacting with antibodies directed to globo-n-tetraosylceramide (globoside).	two glycolipid fractions were separated by high performance liquid chromatography from human erythrocyte membranes and which were reactive with antibodies to globo-n-tetraosylceramide (globoside). the reactivity to the antibody was abolished by treatment with endo-beta-galactosidase of escherichia freundii which specifically hydrolyzes lacto-n-glycosyl series glycolipids, but does not hydrolyze globo series glycolipids. one of the fractions was isolated by repeated high performance liquid chroma ...	1982	7068643
synthesis of the branched form of erythroglycan by friend gm979 erythroleukemic cells.	mouse gm979 erythroleukemic cells were found to synthesize the branched form of erythroglycan, a large polylactosamine structure known to be attached to band 3 and possibly to other proteins on human erythrocytes. total protein-derived oligosaccharides from gm979 cells, labeled metabolically with [3h]glucosamine, [3h]mannose, or [3h]galactose, were prepared by hydrazinolysis after extracting the lipids. the 3h-labeled oligosaccharides were fractionated on sephadex g-50 revealing 10-25% of each l ...	1982	7085669
partial structural analysis of concanavalin a binding glycopeptides of large size from human teratocarcinoma-derived cells: cleavage by hydrazinolysis and alkaline borohydride.	pronase digests of cultured teratocarcinoma-derived cells (pa 1) of human origin have been previously shown to contain large-sized glycopeptides (relative mass (mr) greater then 7400), of which 15-23% are retained by columns of concanavalin a (con a) - sepharose and can be eluted with 10 mm methyl alpha-d-mannopyranoside. the present data show that this fraction (a - con a ii) contains a family of glycopeptides that are degradable with anhydrous hydrazine as well as with 0.05 m naoh - 1 m nabh4. ...	1982	7116211
cell and atp yields of citrobacter freundii growing with fumarate and h2 or formate in continuous culture.	out of 19 strains belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae only escherichia coli and citrobacter strains fermented fumarate exclusively to succinate. this fermentation was dependent on the presence of molecular hydrogen or formate. the inability of these micro-organisms to convert fumarate to succinate, acetate and co2 correlated with their lack, or low activity, of oxaloacetate decarboxylase. continuous culture experiments were performed with citrobacter freundii in minimal or complex medium ...	1982	7142962
a new site-specific endodeoxyribonuclease from citrobacter freundii.	cfr10 i, a site-specific endonuclease from citrobacter freundii strain rfl10, was isolated. it recognizes and cleaves the family of related sequences: 5'pu decreases ccggpy to generate dna fragments with 5' tetranucleotide extensions. cfr10 i may be useful in molecular cloning experiments, especially in conjunction with other enzymes which generate the same terminal extensions.	1983	6617873
in vitro activity of new cephalosporins against multi-resistant gram-negative bacteria.	the in vitro sensitivities of 47 multi-resistant gram-negative bacilli against six third generation cephalosporins were investigated. overall, moxalactam was the most active compound and cefoperazone the least active. ceftizoxime and ceftazidime were very active against enterobacteriaceae. ceftriaxone and ceftizoxime were active against escherichia coli and klebsiella spp., but were inactive against pseudomonas spp.; achromobacter sp. was resistant to all drugs, while citrobacter freundii was se ...	1983	6832840
in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of e-0702, a new cephalosporin.	the in vitro activity of e-0702 was compared with the in vitro activity of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, moxalactam, and aztreonam against 600 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic isolates. e-0702 had a minimal inhibitory concentration for 50% of isolates (mic50) of 25 micrograms for staphylococcus aureus, 50 micrograms for staphylococcus epidermidis, and 1.6 to 3.1 micrograms for streptococci, with streptococcus faecalis resistant. e-0702 had mic50s against escherichia coli, klebsie ...	1983	6605718
bacteriological studies of the enteric flora of patients treated with bicozamycin (cgp 3543/e) for acute nonparasitic diarrhea.	during a therapeutic trial of bicozamycin (bi) for traveler's diarrhea, aerobically grown, gram-negative bacteria, predominantly escherichia coli, were decreased by 2 to 3 logs per g of stool; the number of bi-resistant gram-negative bacteria did not increase. resistant species were most often citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae, and morganella morganii, and few bi-resistant e. coli strains were isolated. cross-resistance between bi and other antimicrobial agents was not found. resistanc ...	1983	6859842
[2 cases of osteomyelitis in acute leukemia in the induction phase of treatment].	whereas children with acute leukemia are highly susceptible to infectious complications, the occurrence of acute osteomyelitis is extremely rare in these patients. the authors describe two such cases in children at onset of an acute lymphoblastic and of a myelomonocytic leukemia, respectively. in the former case, the clinical course has been characterized by the progressive involvement of several joints and bones. a citrobacter freundii was isolated in the synovial fluid of an involved knee. thi ...	1983	6647082