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extended-spectrum beta-lactamase orthopedic wound infections in nigeria.extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing gram-negative bacteria are emerging and impacting significantly on the management of patients and hospital costs. besides, they are not being routinely sought after in diagnostic laboratories thus contributing to treatment failure.201121887050
the effect of recurrent episodes of clinical mastitis caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other organisms on mortality and culling in holstein dairy cows.the objective of this study was to estimate the effects of recurrent episodes of different types of clinical mastitis (cm) caused by gram-positive (streptococcus spp., staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus spp.) and gram-negative (escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter, pseudomonas) bacteria, and other organisms (arcanobacterium pyogenes, mycoplasma, corynebacterium bovis, yeast, miscellaneous) on the probability of mortality and culling in holstein dairy cows. data from 30,233 ...201121943738
effects of the val211gly substitution on molecular dynamics of the cmy-2 cephalosporinase: implications on hydrolysis of expanded-spectrum cephalosporins.cmy-30, a naturally occurring class c β-lactamase differing from the citrobacter freundii-derived cmy-2 by a val211gly substitution in the ω-loop, exhibits increased hydrolytic efficiency against ceftazidime and cefotaxime. kinetic constants of cmy-2 and cmy-30 against the latter substrates suggested that the improved efficiency of the gly211 variant was due to an increase in k(cat). the structural basis of the increased turn-over rates of oxyimino-cephalosporins caused by val211gly was studied ...201121989938
high prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-ib-cr genes in both water-borne environmental bacteria and clinical isolates of citrobacter freundii in china.we investigated the prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-ib-cr genes in water-borne environmental bacteria and in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, as well as the subtypes of qnr. environmental bacteria were isolated from surface water samples obtained from 10 different locations in hangzhou city, and clinical isolates of citrobacter freundii were isolated from several hospitals in four cities in china. qnra, qnrb, qnrs, and aac(6')-ib-cr genes were screened using pcr, and the genotypes were ana ...201122167061
non-therapeutic administration of a model antimicrobial growth promoter modulates intestinal immune responses.abstract:201121943280
specifics of the renal abscess in nephrology: observations of a clinic from a county hospital in western romania.during the last years renal abscesses are being diagnosed with increasing frequency in nephrology departments. progresses achieved in imaging procedures permit a timely diagnosis of renal abscesses. at the same time modern antibiotic therapies permit the treatment of this disease in nephrology departments. in the current paper we present some specifics of renal abscess management encountered in a nephrology department in western romania. we performed a retrospective analysis of 2793 patients wit ...201122026254
diversity of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae on hospital admission.abstract extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae have become prevalent in both the hospital and the community. we describe the epidemiology of esbl-producing isolates and patient characteristics at hospital admission. data on clinical properties, medical history, previous hospitalizations, and previous antibiotic treatments were collected. esbl genes (bla(ctx-m), bla(tem), and bla(shv)) were identified by polymerase chain reaction. one hundred and sixteen patients car ...201122066775
the aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates gut immunity through modulation of innate lymphoid cells.innate lymphoid cells (ilcs) expressing the nuclear receptor rorγt are essential for gut immunity presumably through production of interleukin-22 (il-22). the molecular mechanism underlying the development of rorγt(+) ilcs is poorly understood. here, we have shown that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr) plays an essential role in rorγt(+) ilc maintenance and function. expression of ahr in the hematopoietic compartment was important for accumulation of adult but not fetal intestinal rorγt(+) ilc ...201122177117
Communal microaerophilic-aerobic biodegradation of Amaranth by novel NAR-2 bacterial consortium.A novel bacterial consortium, NAR-2 which consists of Citrobacter freundii A1, Enterococcus casseliflavus C1 and Enterobacter cloacae L17 was investigated for biodegradation of Amaranth azo dye under sequential microaerophilic-aerobic condition. The NAR-2 bacterial consortium with E. casseliflavus C1 as the dominant strain enhanced the decolorization process resulting in reduction of Amaranth in 30min. Further aerobic biodegradation, which was dominated by C. freundii A1 and E. cloacae L17, allo ...201222182471
coastal seawater bacteria harbor a large reservoir of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in jiaozhou bay, china.diversity and prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants were investigated in environmental bacteria isolated from surface seawater of jiaozhou bay, china. five qnr gene alleles were identified in 34 isolates by pcr amplification, including qnra3 gene in a shewanella algae isolate, qnrb9 gene in a citrobacter freundii isolate, qnrd gene in 22 proteus vulgaris isolates, qnrs1 gene in 1 enterobacter sp. and 4 klebsiella spp. isolates, and qnrs2 gene in 1 pseudomonas sp. and 4 ...201222252223
pcr detection and identification of histamine-forming bacteria in filleted tuna fish samples.total of 14 filleted yellowfin tuna fish (thunnus albacares) sold in wholesale fish market and supermarkets in milan, italy, were purchased and tested to determine microbial count, histamine level, histamine-forming bacteria, and their ability to produce histamine in culture broth. although histamine level was less than 10 ppm, many samples showed high total viable bacterial and enterobacterial counts that reached dangerous levels after temperature abuse for short periods of time. a pcr assay ta ...201222251187
chemical compositions of the essential oils of aerial parts of chamaemelum mixtum (l.) alloni.the chemical compositions of the aerial parts essential oils of chamaemelum mixtum (l.) alloni from corsica and sardinia were investigated employing gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. the structure of (z)-heptadeca-9,16-dien-7-one, a natural compound not previously described, was elucidated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (electron impact and chemical ionization) and one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. the variation in ch ...201222225420
iron availability increases the pathogenic potential of salmonella typhimurium and other enteric pathogens at the intestinal epithelial interface.recent trials have questioned the safety of untargeted oral iron supplementation in developing regions. excess of luminal iron could select for enteric pathogens at the expense of beneficial commensals in the human gut microflora, thereby increasing the incidence of infectious diseases. the objective of the current study was to determine the effect of high iron availability on virulence traits of prevalent enteric pathogens at the host-microbe interface. a panel of enteric bacteria was cultured ...201222272265
the potential of epiphytic hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria on legume leaves for attenuation of atmospheric hydrocarbon pollutants.the leaves of two legumes, peas and beans, harbored on their surfaces up to 9×10⁷ cells g⁻¹ of oil-utilizing bacteria. less numbers, up to 5×10⁵ cells g⁻¹ inhabited leaves of two nonlegume crops, namely tomato and sunflower. older leaves accommodated more of such bacteria than younger ones. plants raised in oily environments were colonized by much more oil-utilizing bacteria than those raised in pristine (oil-free) environments. similar numbers were counted on the same media in which nitrogen sa ...201222054577
Proteomic Analysis on Acetate Metabolism in Citrobacter sp. BL-4.Mass production of glucosamine (GlcN) using microbial cells is a worthy approach to increase added values and keep safety problems in GlcN production process. Prior to set up a microbial cellular platform, this study was to assess acetate metabolism in Citrobacter sp. BL-4 (BL-4) which has produced a polyglucosamine PGB-2. The LC-MS analysis was conducted after protein separation on the 1D-PAGE to accomplish the purpose of this study. 280 proteins were totally identified and 188 proteins were se ...201222211106
Gene expression profiling in the skin of zebrafish infected with Citrobacter freundii.Skin is considered the largest immunologically active organ, but its molecular mechanism remains unclear in fish. Here, Affymetrix Zebrafish GeneChip was used to assess gene expression in the skin of zebrafish (Danio rerio) infected with the bacterium Citrobacter freundii. The results showed that 229 genes were differentially expressed, of which 196 genes were upregulated and 33 genes were downregulated. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses indicated 88 genes significantly associated with ski ...201222155693
Emergence of carbapenem-resistant clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates from a teaching hospital in Shanghai, China.Carbapenems such as imipenem and meropenem are first-line agents for the treatment of serious nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. However, resistance to carbapenems has increased dramatically among members of the family Enterobacteriaceae isolated from a teaching hospital in Shanghai, China. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence and molecular characteristics of carbapenem-resistant clinical i ...201221903823
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