Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the most frequent aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms--changes with time and geographic area: a reflection of aminoglycoside usage patterns? aminoglycoside resistance study groups. | the aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms revealed by two surveys in europe and other countries have been compared to those revealed in earlier studies. mechanisms have become more complex in all bacterial groups. in providencia, serratia, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, and staphylococcus species isolates, genus-specific mechanisms were very common, and it was not possible to see differences between different geographic areas. in other enterobacteriaceae, the increasing complexity of mechanisms was ... | 1997 | 8994779 |
| a reassessment of the in-vitro activity of colistin sulphomethate sodium. | the in-vitro activity of colistin sulphomethate sodium was compared with that of other commonly used antimicrobial agents against 377 recent clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria (including 94 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients with cystic fibrosis) and 16 organisms with defined resistance patterns. colistin was active against most strains of p. aeruginosa (mic90 4 mg/l), shigella spp. (mic90 0.5 mg/l), salmonella spp. (mic90 1 mg/l), acinetobacter spp. (mic90 2 mg/l), citroba ... | 1997 | 9069549 |
| characterization of the 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase gene aac(6')-im [corrected] associated with a suli-type integron. | the amikacin resistance gene aac(6')-im [corrected] from citrobacter freundii cf155 encoding an aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase was characterized. the gene was identified as a coding sequence of 521 bp located down-stream from the 5' conserved segment of an integron. the sequence of this aac(6')-im [corrected] gene corresponded to a protein of 173 amino acids which possessed 64.2% identity in a 165-amino-acid overlap with the aac(6')-ia gene product (f.c. tenover, d. filpula, k.l. phillips ... | 1997 | 9021185 |
| bacterial strains isolated from eggs and their resistance to currently used antibiotics: is there a health hazard for consumers? | in order to study the putative transfer of antibiotic resistance from poultry to humans, hens' eggs were examined for the presence of various pathogens. staphylococcus, enterobacter, escherichia, proteus and pseudomonas spp. were the most frequently isolated genera. sensitivity tests, performed with the kirby-bauer technique, showed the presence of resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus (to penicillin-g, tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, cefalosporins, oxacillin, gentamycin, chloramph ... | 1997 | 9023039 |
| fatal fungemia resulting from an infected transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent. | placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is a well accepted treatment in the management of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding. although morbidity and mortality associated with the use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts have dramatically decreased, complications still occur. we report a case of fatal fungemia resulting from an infected transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent. | 1997 | 9128335 |
| effect of preventive administration of a nonpathogenic escherichia coli strain on the colonization of the intestine with microbial pathogens in newborn infants. | in a randomized, double-blind study, 27 healthy newborn infants were colonized with the nonpathogenic escherichia coli strain nissle 1917 (e. coli dsm 6601, mutaflor) during the first 5 days of life by daily oral inoculation of 1 ml of a suspension with 10(8) living cells. a second group of 27 newborns, used as controls, received a placebo suspension (1 ml of phosphate-buffered saline) instead. stool samples were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 21, and 6 months after birth. all samples were examin ... | 1997 | 9129791 |
| antibacterial activity of bms-180680, a new catechol-containing monobactam. | the in vitro activities of a new catechol-containing monobactam, bms-180680 (sq 84,100), were compared to those of aztreonam, ceftazidime, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. bms-180680 was often the most active compound against many species of the family enterobacteriaceae, with mics at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (mic90s) of < or = 0.5 microg/ml for escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter diversus, enterobacter aero ... | 1997 | 9145861 |
| kinetic investigations with inhibitors that mimic the posthomolysis intermediate in the reactions of coenzyme-b12-dependent glycerol dehydratase and diol dehydratase. | kinetic investigations were performed on the coenzyme-b12-dependent glycerol dehydratase and diol dehydratase reactions using 1,2-propanediol as substrate and [omega-(adenosin-5'-o-yl)alkyl]cobalamins as mimics of the posthomolysis intermediate state of the coenzyme. all the coenzyme-b12 analogues with oligomethylene chains (c3-c7) inserted between the central co atom and the 5' o of the adenosine moiety were competitive inhibitors with respect to coenzyme b12. the apparent inhibition constants ... | 1997 | 9151970 |
| production of escherichia coli group i-like heat-labile enterotoxin by enterobacteriaceae isolated from environmental water. | strains of klebsiella oxytoca (2), citrobacter freundii (2), enterobacter cloacae (1) and escherichia coli (1) isolated from environmental water were identified as heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) producing strains by immunological methods and polymerase chain amplification. a 322 bp amplified fragment was obtained with specific primers ltr and ltl, and hybridized to a digoxigenin-labelled ltb probe only under low stringency conditions, and not with a cholera toxin probe. these results suggest that ... | 1997 | 9418038 |
| comparison of viab regions of vi-positive organisms. | we cloned the vipr genes from salmonella paratyphi c, s. dublin, and citrobacter freundii strains and compared them with the s. typhi sequence to clarify the genetic relationship of the viab regions of vi-positive organisms. viab regions were divided into two groups based on their sequences, the salmonella and c. freundii groups. the vipr coding sequences of the salmonella group were identical. southern blot hybridization results using the full-length viab region as a probe support these finding ... | 1997 | 9418239 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of cs-834, a novel oral carbapenem. | cs-834 is a novel oral carbapenem antibiotic. this compound is an ester-type prodrug of the active metabolite r-95867. the antibacterial activity of r-95867 was tested against 1,323 clinical isolates of 35 species and was compared with those of oral cephems, i.e., cefteram, cefpodoxime, cefdinir, and cefditoren, and that of a parenteral carbapenem, imipenem. r-95867 exhibited a broad spectrum of activity covering both gram-positive and -negative aerobes and anaerobes. its activity was superior t ... | 1997 | 9420035 |
| regulation of whole blood tumor necrosis factor production upon endotoxin stimulation after severe blunt trauma. | trauma has been recognized to be accompanied by alterations of leukocyte functions such as cytokine release. the regulatory principles involved in these changes are still poorly defined. to further characterize leukocyte function after multiple trauma, endotoxin-stimulated tumor necrosis factor (tnf) production of trauma patients' whole blood and a possible regulatory mechanism were studied. | 1997 | 9420099 |
| detection and speciation of bacteria through pcr using universal major cold-shock protein primer oligomers. | the detection of bacteria using pcr is a well-established diagnostic technique. however, conventional pcr requires the use of dna primer oligomers that are specific to the target organism and, as a consequence, a sample can only be tested for the presence of that specific target. a significant advantage would be to probe a sample for the presence of any bacteria, followed by identification. to achieve this it is necessary to identify a dna sequence common to all bacteria. here we demonstrate tha ... | 1997 | 9439003 |
| an homogeneous fluorescence polymerase chain reaction assay to identify salmonella. | we have developed a semiquantitative homogeneous fluorescence assay that combines polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification with direct fluorescence detection (hf-pcr). the assay eliminates the need to perform gel electrophoresis on test samples. using a set of salmonella-specific primers, this system was used to verify suspect colonies from culture plates as salmonella. the fluorescence signal is generated by a nucleic acid dye, yo-pro-1, that is included in the amplification reaction. this ... | 1997 | 9056213 |
| the responses of lucilia cuprina to odours from sheep, offal and bacterial cultures. | the responses of gravid female lucilia cuprina to odours from sheep urine, faeces and gut mucus, and to odours from liver/sodium sulphide mixtures was tested using a bioassay which measured the movement and probing response of walking flies. the same bioassay was used to test the response to odours from cultures of bacteria isolated from liver/sodium sulphide and liver/water mixtures. a significant movement towards odours from faeces, gut mucus and urine was observed. odours from cultures of the ... | 1997 | 9061678 |
| cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding the ampc beta-lactamase of morganella morganii. | the chromosomal beta-lactamase gene of a clinical isolate of morganella morganii was cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. the beta-lactamase had a pi of 7.4 and conferred a typical ampc susceptibility pattern. the insert obtained was found to encode a protein of 379 amino acids. its deduced amino acid sequence revealed it to be a class c beta-lactamase: 39-56% identity with chromosomal ampc beta-lactamases of serratia marcescens, yersinia enterocolitica, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter c ... | 1997 | 9066104 |
| small cryptic plasmids of multiplasmid, clinical escherichia coli. | clinical isolates of escherichia coli were found to host a multiplicity of plasmids. these were resolved from plasmid gel profiles, from the properties of various transconjugants and transformants of e. coli dh1, by the topoisomerase i relaxation of covalently closed circle plasmid dna, by electron microscopy, and by the determination of their compatibilities. the majority of these were unusually small, cryptic plasmids (scps). from one strain, kl4, 13 electrophoretic bands were resolved to five ... | 1997 | 9073577 |
| detection and identification of citrobacter sedlakii in the czech republic. | the biochemical characters of eight strains identified as citrobacter sedlakii were investigated with the aid of six methods (tube tests, api 50 ch, api 20 e, microscan, biolog, and crystal). all the strains were well defined on the basis of biochemical properties investigated with the aid of laboratory-prepared tube tests. the results obtained by the identification kits could not be correctly interpreted. commercial diagnostic kits should include the reference data necessary for the identificat ... | 1997 | 9084112 |
| cloning and characterization of the eae gene from a dog attaching and effacing escherichia coli strain 4221. | we have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequence of the eae gene from a dog attaching and effacing (a/e) escherichia coli (depec) strain 4221. when comparing the predicted amino acid sequence of the eaedepec to that of the eae proteins from enteropathogenic e. coli (epec), enterohaemorrhagic e. coli o157:h7 (ehec), citrobacter freundii biotype 4280, and a swine a/e e. coli strain o45 (pepec), the overall sequence identity was 84, 81, 83 and 83%, respectively, with the greatest divergence at ... | 1997 | 9084152 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of blood culture isolates obtained before and after the introduction of ciprofloxacin. | the in-vitro susceptibilities of 1658 blood culture isolates to ciprofloxacin and 13 other antimicrobial agents were determined, and compared with the results for isolates obtained before and after the availability of ciprofloxacin in 1989. only six (0.6%) of 995 enterobacteriaceae were resistant to the fluoroquinolones tested; all of the ciprofloxacin-resistant strains were isolated after 1989 (p = 0.04). no significant increase in ciprofloxacin resistance was found in pseudomonas aeruginosa or ... | 1997 | 9096194 |
| fosfomycin tromethamine. a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy as a single-dose oral treatment for acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections. | fosfomycin tromethamine is a phosphonic acid bactericidal agent with in vitro activity against most urinary tract pathogens. it is particularly active against escherichia coli, and citrobacter, enterobacter, klebsiella, serratia and enterococcus spp. there appears to be little cross-resistance between fosfomycin and other antibacterial agents, possibly because it differs from other agents in its general chemical structure and site of action. in its new formulation as the oral tromethamine salt, ... | 1997 | 9098664 |
| effects of tyrosine ring fluorination on rates and equilibria of formation of intermediates in the reactions of carbon-carbon lyases. | the interactions of ring fluorinated analogs of tyrosine with tyrosine phenol-lyase and tryptophan indole-lyase (tryptophanase) were studied by rapid-scanning stopped-flow spectrophotometry. the reaction of l-tyrosine with tyrosine phenol-lyase resulted in rapid formation of a small absorbance peak at 500 nm, attributed to a quinonoid intermediate. the reaction of 3-fluoro-l-tyrosine with tyrosine phenol-lyase resulted in a peak at 500 nm with much higher absorbance, as did the reaction of 3,5-d ... | 1997 | 9119037 |
| [treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in the elderly]. | sixty outpatients at the age of 65 to 75 years with exacerbated chronic bronchitis were treated with antibiotics: amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (20 patients), cefaclor (20 patients) and ciprofloxacin (20 patients). the treatment course in all the cases was 5 days. bacteriological tests of the sputum specimens and estimation of the isolate antibiotic susceptibility by the disk diffusion method were applied to all the patients before and after the treatment. 73 per cent of the patients had mixed inf ... | 1997 | 9480649 |
| [the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefozopran against clinically isolated bacteria]. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefozopran (czop) against recent clinical isolates was evaluated and compared with those of ceftazidime (caz), cefpirome (cpr), cefepime (cfpm), cefotaxime (ctx), sulbactam/cefoperazone (s/c), imipenem (ipm), oxacillin (mpipc), and flomoxef (fmox). mic80 values of czop for methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa, n = 41), methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa, n = 57), streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 45), enterococus faecalis (n = 49), ... | 1997 | 9545668 |
| degradation of commercial detergent products by microbial populations of the lagos lagoon. | the biodegradability potentials of three detergent products with the trade names omo, teepol and sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) by the native bacteria of the lagos lagoon was carried out using the lagoon die-away method. physicochemical parameters of the water samples showed that the lagoon in apapa was more polluted than at the university of lagos. in 12 days, approximately 30, 60 and 97% of omo, teepol and sds respectively were degraded. sds with an alkyl sulfate moiety as surfactant supported t ... | 1997 | 9449783 |
| multicenter evaluation of antimicrobial resistance to six broad-spectrum beta-lactams in colombia using the etest method. the colombian antimicrobial resistance study group. | the need for comprehensive and quantitative accurate antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems has become acute as a guide to problem recognition and to focus local interventions. a multilaboratory (10 medical centers) colombia surveillance project was initiated in early 1997 to monitor the potency and spectrum of six (cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, aztreonam, and imipenem) broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents tested against 100 organisms per participant center (80 ... | 1997 | 9458984 |
| [an epidemic outbreak of food poisoning in a children's health-promotion camp]. | 1997 | 9460887 | |
| studies on antimicrobial effect of the antihistaminic phenothiazine trimeprazine tartrate. | the antibacterial and bactericidal activities of the antihistamine trimeprazine were studied against 243 strains of bacteria which included both gram positive and gram negative types. the susceptibility of these bacterial strains to trimeprazine was assessed by determining their minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) which was found to be between 10 and 100 micrograms/ml. nineteen strains of staphylococcus spp. and salmonella spp. were trimeprazine. most of the strains belonging to bacillus spp. ... | 1997 | 9468728 |
| prevalence and sensitivity to antibiotics of enterobacteriaceae isolated from urinary cultures in some microbiology laboratories of a city in west greece. | the prevalence of enterobacteriaceae from midstream urine samples from patients with community acquired urinary tract infections (uti) of a town in sw greece during one year period and their susceptibility to antibiotics were studied. the most frequently recovered pathogens were e. coli (77%), proteus mirabilis (10%), klebsiella spp (8.7%), enterobacter spp (2.5%) and citrobacter freundii (1.8%). e. coli were found more resistant to carbenicillin, the combination of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid a ... | 1997 | 9538469 |
| the crystal structure of citrobacter freundii tyrosine phenol-lyase complexed with 3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, together with site-directed mutagenesis and kinetic analysis, demonstrates that arginine 381 is required for substrate specificity. | the x-ray structure of tyrosine phenol-lyase (tpl) complexed with a substrate analog, 3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, shows that arg 381 is located in the substrate binding site, with the side-chain nh1 4.1 a from the 4'-oh of the analog. the structure has been deduced at 2.5 a resolution using crystals that belong to the p2(1)2(1)2 space group with a = 135.07 a, b = 143.91 a, and c = 59.80 a. to evaluate the role of arg 381 in tpl catalysis, we prepared mutant proteins replacing arginine wi ... | 1997 | 9174368 |
| dialysis catheter 'fibrin-sheath stripping': a cautionary tale! | 1997 | 9175070 | |
| [changes in the microbial picture during the production of poultry salami]. | changes in microbiological parameters during the production of fine poultry salami was monitored in a private poultry-processing plant in kosice within a period of six months. this product consists of meat paste or mechanically deboned poultry meat (mdpm), which is produced with the help of a protecon mpb 30 e deboning machine, pork trimmings, water (in the form of crushed ice), salt, spices, and garlic paste. the main raw food material (hand-boned meat and skin from poultry carcasses intended f ... | 1997 | 9182395 |
| [identification of citrobacter species and their occurrence in raw products and foods]. | fifty-nine strains of bacteria were tested in study that were isolated from raw materials and foods (raw milk, farm milking parlors, sausage meat, raw potatoes, cheese, frozen oven-ready foods, confectionery products, cold dishes), and they were included in the genus citrobacter using a commercial diagnostic kit enterotest 16 (lachema a.s., brno), numeric identification program tnw (czech collection of microorganisms, faculty of science of masaryk university at brno) and identification key (o'ha ... | 1997 | 9182396 |
| in-vitro microbiological assessment of a new penem, men 10700. | the in-vitro antibacterial activity of men 10700, a novel penem, has been compared with that of ritipenem, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, cefotaxime and co-amoxiclav against 539 strains taken from 17 genera. men 10700 was most active against staphylococci and streptococci (mic90 < 0.5 mg/l), slightly less active against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., moraxella catarrhalis and peptostreptococci (mic90 0.5-2 mg/l), moderately active against enterococcus fae ... | 1997 | 9184355 |
| binding of monoclonal antibody 4b1 to homologs of the lactose permease of escherichia coli. | the conformationally sensitive epitope for monoclonal antibody (mab) 4b1, which uncouples lactose from h+ translocation in the lactose permease of escherichia coli, is localized in the periplasmic loop between helices vii and viii (loop vii/viii) on one face of a short helical segment (sun j, et al., 1996, biochemistry 35;990-998). comparison of sequences in the region corresponding to loop vii/viii in members of cluster 5 of the major facilitator superfamily (mfs), which includes five homologou ... | 1997 | 9232651 |
| rational use of antibiotics in neonatal infections. | review of the management of neonatal infections is done with the aim of guiding the clinician on appropriate therapy. minimum investigations should include a white blood cell count including the l:t ratio and a blood culture. the bulk of infections at kenyatta national hospital newborn unit are caused by klebsiela, citrobacter and staphylococcus aureus. during the 1990's considerable resistance to gentamicin has developed. currently, cephalosporins chloramphenicol have the best sensitivity patte ... | 1997 | 9185409 |
| widespread occurrence of integrons causing multiple antibiotic resistance in bacteria. | 1997 | 9193388 | |
| citrobacter freundii and fatal neutropenic enterocolitis following adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. | 1997 | 9209673 | |
| reservoirs of nosocomial pathogens in neonatal intensive care unit. | a total of 256 swabs taken from different areas of neonatal intensive care units (icu) in kcg hospital and amc hospital, bangalore were bacteriologically investigated for prevalence, source and spread of nosocomial bacteria. culture studies revealed growth in 217 (84.8%) swab samples indicating considerable contamination of different areas of the units and sources of infection. klebsiella pneumoniae (27.3%) was the predominant organism followed by esch coli (16.8%), staph aureus (11.7%), staph e ... | 1997 | 9212573 |
| citrobacter freundii and fatal neutropenic enterocolitis following adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. | neutropenic enterocolitis is increasingly being recognized as a life-threatening complication of chemotherapy, mainly for haematological and lymphoproliferative malignancies. it is under-recognized clinically, with the diagnosis often being made on post-mortem examination. although active medical management is generally preferred, surgical intervention may be indicated. we report a case of fatal neutropenic enterocolitis, secondary to citrobacter freundii, following adjuvant chemotherapy for bre ... | 1997 | 9269550 |
| glycerol conversion to 1,3-propanediol by clostridium pasteurianum: cloning and expression of the gene encoding 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase. | when grown on glycerol as sole carbon and energy source, cell extracts of clostridium pasteurianum exhibited activities of glycerol dehydrogenase, dihydroxyacetone kinase, glycerol dehydratase and 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase. the genes encoding the latter two enzymes were cloned by colony hybridization using the dhat gene of citrobacter freundii as a heterologous dna probe and expressed in escherichia coli. the native molecular mass of 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase (dhat) is 440,000 da. the dh ... | 1997 | 9311132 |
| [the effect of cefepime on ceftazidime, cefotaxime and imipenem resistant strains of acinetobacter, xanthomonas, pseudomonas, flavobacterium, sphingobacterium and on producers of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (esbl) with resistance transfer]. | the new cephalosporins with heterocyclic positively charged substituent at position c3 belong to the 4th generation cephalosporins. it is not evident, whereas these antibiotics are effective against cefotaxime-ceftazidime-resistant bacteria. we investigated the efficiency of the cefepime (maxipime, bms) against acinetobacter sp., x. maltophilia, pseudomonas sp., flavobacterium sp., sphingobacterium sp. and against strains with production of esbl (extended spectrum beta-lactamases) (enterobacter ... | 1997 | 9221190 |
| mutations in the gyra and parc genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of citrobacter freundii. | we determined partial sequences of the gyra and parc genes of citrobacter freundii type strain, and then examined 38 c. freundii clinical strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections for the association of alterations in gyra and parc with susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. our results suggest that in c. freundii dna gyrase may be a primary target of quinolones, that an amino acid change at thr-83 or asp-87 in gyra is sufficient to decrease susceptibility to fluoroquinolones, an ... | 1997 | 9311142 |
| effect of vancomycin on intestinal flora of patients who previously received antimicrobial therapy. | to evaluate the ecological disturbances of peroral vancomycin administration following cephalosporin administration, 20 healthy volunteers received cefuroxime axetil tablets (250 mg) perorally twice a day for 1 week, and 10 of these volunteers subsequently received vancomycin capsules (125 mg) perorally four times daily for 7 days. the concentration of vancomycin in feces after 1 week of vancomycin administration was high (mean +/- sd, 520 +/- 197 mg/kg), which correlated with the ecological dis ... | 1997 | 9314469 |
| in-vitro activity of trovafloxacin against sensitive and resistant aerobic bacteria using the standard microdilution broth method and etest. | a comparison of mics of trovafloxacin (cp-99,219) determined by the standard microdilution broth method versus the etest was performed for multiple strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. a comparison was also made of the in-vitro activity of trovafloxacin versus ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. the mic50 and mic90 were determined by both methods for each species tested. the etest resulted in mics one to two dilutions higher than the microdilution broth method. trovafloxacin was the mos ... | 1997 | 9222068 |
| infectious crystalline keratopathy caused by gram-negative bacteria. | to identify the characteristics and outcomes of infectious crystalline keratopathy caused by gram-negative bacteria. | 1997 | 9222227 |
| molecular epidemiology of a nosocomial outbreak due to shv-4-producing strains of citrobacter diversus. | over a 6-month period, eight strains of citrobacter diversus (citrobacter koseri) resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and monobactams were isolated from seven colonized and/or infected patients from the same intensive care unit. all strains harbored a single large conjugative plasmid which mediated an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase of the shv-4 type (ceftazidimase phenotype; enzyme pi, 7.8; plasmid dna hybridization with a blashv-specific probe). all strains were characterized by ant ... | 1997 | 9316908 |
| occurrence and detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in members of the family enterobacteriaceae at a veterans medical center: seek and you may find. | a total of 907 consecutive isolates of members of the family enterobacteriaceae recovered during a 20-week period were tested for production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) by the double-disk (dd) potentiation method. of 84 dd-positive isolates, 83 (9.2%) produced esbls based on isoelectric focusing. shv-derived esbls and several tem-derived esbls were present in nine species, including the first isolate of citrobacter koserii and morganella morganii known to harbor an shv-derived e ... | 1997 | 9316913 |
| molecular epidemiology of acquisition of ceftazidime-resistant gram-negative bacilli in a nonoutbreak setting. | we prospectively studied the acquisition of ceftazidime-resistant gram-negative bacilli (caz-rgn) in two surgical intensive care units (sicu) during a nonoutbreak period. surveillance cultures were obtained from patients at the time of admission and serially thereafter. caz-rgn isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). three hundred and forty-three patients were enrolled from whom 1,621 baseline and follow-up cultures were obtained. the most common species isolated from pat ... | 1997 | 9316915 |
| citrobacter sedlakii meningitis and brain abscess in a premature infant. | citrobacter sedlakii was isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures of a 5-day-old premature infant with sepsis, meningitis, and brain abscess. this newly described organism was difficult to identify due to discrepancies between the vitek and api 20e identification systems. to our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of c. sedlakii from cerebrospinal fluid. | 1997 | 9316937 |
| sensitivity to ph, product inhibition, and inhibition by nad+ of 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase purified from enterobacter agglomerans cncm 1210. | because of its key role in the metabolism of glycerol during fermentation, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.202) of enterobacter agglomerans cncm 1210 was purified to homogeneity and studied with respect to its sensitivity to ph and to nucleotide and 1,3-propanediol concentrations. enzyme activity was optimal at ph 7.8. the enzyme was competitively inhibited by nad+ (ki of 0.29 mm), and 1,3-propanediol exerted a strong inhibitory effect according to a mixed-type inhibition with a ki of 13 ... | 1997 | 9238108 |
| citrobacter koseri osteomyelitis in an infant. | a 3-week-old infant developed left shoulder swelling and was found to have septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the humerus caused by citrobacter koseri (formerly c. diversus). citrobacter species are gram-negative rods that are best known for their propensity to cause neonatal meningitis, ventriculitis and concomitant brain abscess. non-central nervous system infections are rare. the present case illustrates that neonatal osteomyelitis caused by unusual organisms can present to pediatricians i ... | 1997 | 9241910 |
| [new data on the specificity and genetic control of the capsular antigen (f1) in yersinia pestis]. | the specific features of the synthesis of antigenic fractions f1, obtained from the strains of different species of enterobacteria and their hybrids inheriting y. pestis plasmid pyt, were determined at different cultivation temperatures and the preparations of these antigenic fractions were characterized. preparations containing the diagnostic antigenic determinant f1 were obtained from disintegrated bacteria of y. pestis plasmid-free strain and microbial cells of klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobac ... | 1997 | 9245136 |
| role of the colicin a lysis protein in the expression of the colicin a operon. | the involvement of the cal gene, which encodes the colicin a lysis protein, in the expression of the colicin a operon is demonstrated. colicin a synthesis by escherichia coli was studied at various temperatures in cells containing either the wild-type colicin a operon or the colicin a operon with the cal gene deleted. the amount of colicin a produced was lower in cells containing the colicin a operon devoid of the cal gene than in wild-type cells. in cells treated with the antibiotic globomycin, ... | 1997 | 9245818 |
| localization of enzymically enhanced heavy metal accumulation by citrobacter sp. and metal accumulation in vitro by liposomes containing entrapped enzyme. | a heavy-metal-accumulating citrobacter sp. has been used for the treatment of metal-laden industrial wastes. metal uptake is mediated via a cell-bound phosphatase that liberates inorganic phosphate which precipitates with heavy metals as cell-bound metal phosphate. a phosphatase-efficient mutant accumulated little uo(2)2+, while a phosphatase-overproducing mutant accumulated correspondingly more metal, with a uranium loading equivalent to the bacterial dry weight achieved after 6 h exposure of r ... | 1997 | 9245830 |
| molecular epidemiology of an outbreak due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteria in a french hospital. | between june 1992 and june 1993, 128 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteria (123 klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 escherichia coli, 1 enterobacter aerogenes, and 1 citrobacter diversus) were collected in a french university hospital. these isolates were recovered mainly from patients hospitalized in intensive care and neurosurgery units. the 128 strains were divided into 14 antibiotypes (atbs; atb1 to atb14); 102 of 103 nonredundant isolates were shown to produce an shv-4-related exte ... | 1997 | 9272388 |
| the tpl promoter of citrobacter freundii is activated by the tyrr protein. | the ability of microorganisms to degrade l-tyrosine to phenol, pyruvate, and ammonia is catalyzed by the inducible enzyme l-tyrosine phenol lyase (ec 4.1.99.2). to investigate possible mechanisms for how the synthesis of this enzyme is regulated, a variety of biochemical and genetic procedures was used to analyze transcription from the tpl promoter of citrobacter freundii atcc 29063 (c. braakii). by computer analysis of the region upstream of the tpl structural gene, two segments of dna bearing ... | 1997 | 9294452 |
| characterization and amino acid sequence analysis of a new oxyimino cephalosporin-hydrolyzing class a beta-lactamase from serratia fonticola cuv. | serratia fonticola cuv produces two isoenzymes (forms i and ii) with beta-lactamase activity which were purified by a five-step procedure. the isoenzymes had identical kinetic parameters and isoelectric point (pi = 8.12). they were characterized by a specific activity towards benzylpenicillin of 1650 u/mg. the beta-lactamase hydrolyzed benzylpenicillin, amoxycillin, ureidopenicillins, first- and second-generation cephalosporins. carboxypenicillins and isoxazolylpenicillins were hydrolyzed to a l ... | 1997 | 9300809 |
| distribution of a sub-class of bacterial abc polar amino acid transporter and identification of an n-terminal region involved in solute specificity. | a new sub-class of binding protein-dependent transporter with specificity for a broad range of polar amino acids has been identified by sequence comparison, in rhizobium leguminosarum, rhodobacter capsulatus, escherichia coli and pseudomonas fluorescens. southern blotting and pcr analysis has shown that transporters from this new sub-class are widely distributed in gram-negative bacteria, including, in addition to the above, citrobacter freundii, erwinia carotovorum and rhizobium meliloti. abc t ... | 1997 | 9315727 |
| inducible amp c beta-lactamase producing gram-negative bacilli from blood stream infections: frequency, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular epidemiology in a national surveillance program (scope). | a surveillance study of nosocomial blood stream infections [surveillance and control of pathogens of epidemiologic importance (scope)] was conducted during a 14-month period in 1995 to 1996 in approximately 50 american medical centers. among the 4725 blood stream infections, the etiologic agent was enterobacter spp. in 230, citrobacter freundii in 24, and serratia marcescens in 65. the vast majority of these isolates (89%) had been sent to the university of iowa including 198 enterobacter spp. ( ... | 1997 | 9327251 |
| mechanism of suppression of piperacillin resistance in enterobacteria by tazobactam. | resistance to piperacillin in several isolates of citrobacter freundii and enterobacter cloacae was investigated and confirmed to occur at a frequency of 10(-7) to 10(-6). development of resistance to piperacillin was significantly suppressed by tazobactam but not by clavulanic acid. to elucidate the mechanism by which resistance suppression occurs, the effect of piperacillin plus tazobactam on the induction of ampc beta-lactamase was analyzed by monitoring the beta-galactosidase activity of an ... | 1997 | 9333044 |
| propanediol utilization genes (pdu) of salmonella typhimurium: three genes for the propanediol dehydratase. | the propanediol utilization (pdu) operon of salmonella typhimurium encodes proteins required for the catabolism of propanediol, including a coenzyme b12-dependent propanediol dehydratase. a clone that expresses propanediol dehydratase activity was isolated from a salmonella genomic library. dna sequence analysis showed that the clone included part of the pduf gene, the pduabcde genes, and a long partial open reading frame (orf1). the clone included 3.9 kbp of pdu dna which had not been previousl ... | 1997 | 9352910 |
| neonatal meningitis and multiple brain abscesses due to citrobacter diversus. | we report a fatal sporadic case of neonatal citrobacter diversus meningitis with rapid clinical progression. at autopsy, multiple brain abscesses and abscesses in the spinal cord had complicated purulent meningitis. septic omphalitis was identified as the most likely portal of entry. | 1997 | 9353837 |
| carbapenem resistance in a clinical isolate of citrobacter freundii. | carbapenem resistance was studied in two sets of citrobacter freundii strains: (i) strain cfr950, resistant to imipenem (mic, 16 microg/ml) and isolated in vivo during imipenem therapy, and strain cfr950-rev, the spontaneous, imipenem-susceptible revertant of cfr950 selected in vitro, and (ii) strains cfr801 and cfr802, two imipenem-resistant mutants selected in vitro from the susceptible clinical isolate cfr800. in all strains, whether they were imipenem-susceptible or -resistant strains, produ ... | 1997 | 9371332 |
| cloning and characterization of an aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase gene from citrobacter freundii which confers an altered resistance profile. | a novel gene encoding a 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase, aac(6')-in, has been cloned and sequenced from citrobacter freundii 13996-19, a clinical isolate from venezuela. this gene mediates resistance to amikacin, 2'-n-ethylnetilmicin, isepamicin, kanamycin, netilmicin, and tobramycin. the aac(6')-in gene is 573 nucleotides in length and encodes a putative protein of 190 amino acids. aac(6')-in is most closely related to aac(6')-im and aac(6')-ie, demonstrating 64.4% and 62.3% similarity, r ... | 1997 | 9371347 |
| characterization of blatem-3 and blashv-4 beta-lactamase-encoding genes in citrobacter diversus. | 1997 | 9371377 | |
| vertical transmission of a citrobacter infection. | citrobacter species have rarely been described as-etiological factors of intraamniotic infections. citrobacter is not a normal inhabitant of the female genital tract. vertical transmission of citrobacter from mother to fetus has rarely been reported. a 21-year-old primigravida presented to labor and delivery at 40 6/7 weeks' gestation complaining of ruptured membranes, painful uterine contractions, and fever. an intraamniotic infection was diagnosed and antibiotics begun. she was subsequently de ... | 1997 | 9376007 |
| 3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase as a marker enzyme of the mesaconate pathway for (s)-glutamate fermentation in enterobacteriaceae. | the enzyme 3-methylaspartase (3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase, ec 4. 3.1.2) was found in the cells of enteric bacteria, especially in the genera citrobacter and morganella, that were grown under anoxic and oxygen-limited conditions. the enzymes were purified to homogeneity from the cell-free extracts of 18 active strains and had similar enzymological properties such as action on columns, specific activity, molecular weight, subunit structure, and n-terminal amino acid sequence similarity. the pr ... | 1997 | 9385136 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of blood culture isolates of enterobacteriaceae from six norwegian hospitals 1991-1992. | from august 1991 to february 1992, each of the six largest hospitals throughout norway collected 84 to 107 consecutive blood culture isolates of enterobacteriaceae, altogether 571 isolates. the distribution of various species and genera at the different hospitals was uniform; escherichia coli being most prevalent (57-67%), followed by klebsiella spp. (12-18%) and proteus mirabilis (7-11%). twenty-one and 4% of e. coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin and cefuroxime, respectively, and 11% of ... | 1997 | 9393556 |
| citrobacter farmeri bacteremia in a child with short-bowel syndrome. | a case of sepsis in a pediatric patient due to the newly described citrobacter species c. farmeri is described. factors predisposing this child to infection included short-bowel syndrome requiring total parenteral nutrition. | 1997 | 9399558 |
| antimicrobial activity and durability of a novel antimicrobial-impregnated bladder catheter. | the main objective of this study was to examine the antimicrobial activity and durability of a novel indwelling bladder catheter impregnated with minocycline and rifampin. thirty antimicrobial-impregnated bladder catheters were inserted transurethrally in spinal cord-injured patients and removed, in six groups of five catheters each, at 3, 7, 10, 14, 17 or 21 days. removed catheters had detectable zones of inhibition against two different clinical isolates of each of the 10 tested uropathogens ( ... | 1997 | 18611809 |
| microbially enhanced chemisorption of nickel into biologically synthesized hydrogen uranyl phosphate: a novel system for the removal and recovery of metals from aqueous solutions. | ni(2+) was removed quantitatively from aqueous flows by columns loaded with polycrystalline hydrogen uranyl phosphate (hup) bound to immobilized cells of citrobacter sp. the columns functioned effectively in ni uptake/regeneration cycles; five cycles were completed without significant decrease in the ni-removing capacity of the column. the influence of ph, temperature, and flow rate on the ni-removing capacity of the columns was examined. the composition of the ni/hup cell-bound deposits was con ... | 1997 | 18634098 |
| effect of substrate concentration and nitrate inhibition on product release and heavy metal removal by a citrobacter sp. | a citrobacter sp. accumulates heavy metals as cell-bound metal phosphates, utilizing phosphate released by the enzymatic cleavage of a phosphomonoester substrate. the effect of increased substrate (glycerol 2-phosphate, g2p) concentration on phosphate release and heavy metal accumulation was evaluated using a stirred tank reactor (str) and a plug flow reactor (pfr). a significant improvement in metal removal was achieved with increased substrate concentration using immobilized citrobacter cells ... | 1997 | 18636593 |
| oro-pharyngeal protozoa in captive bustards: clinical and pathological considerations. | an oro-pharyngeal protozoal survey was carried out in captive bustards in the united arab emirates. .endolimax spp., .entamoeba gallinarum, acanthamoeba spp., .naegleria spp. and .coccidia spp. were the protozoa isolated from the oro-pharynx of clinically normal birds. the protozoa species involved in oro-pharyngeal diseases were .trichomonas gallinae and .entamoeba anatis. most of the protozoa observed in clinical cases were associated with severe secondary bacterial infections possibly due to ... | 1998 | 18484038 |
| bioremediation of phenol by alkaliphilic bacteria isolated from alkaline lake of lonar, india. | phenol is an industrially important compound which has a wide range of applications. being highly soluble in water, it appears as the major pollutant in waste waters arising from both phenol manufacturing and from industrial units that utilise phenol. because of its toxicity, bioremediation of phenol is necessary. since some of the phenol-bearing industrial waste waters are alkaline in nature, use of alkaliphilic bacteria for bioremediation of phenol was investigated. alkaliphilic bacteria were ... | 1998 | 21182701 |
| phylogenetic relationships of salmonella based on dna sequence comparison of atpd encoding the beta subunit of atp synthase. | dna sequences covering 57% of atpd encoding the beta subunit of atp synthase were determined for 16 strains of salmonella enterica, two strains of s. bongori, and one strain each of citrobacter freundii and yersinia enterocolitica, and comparison was made with the published escherichia coli and enterobacter aerogenes sequences. the phylogenetic tree based on maximum-likelihood analysis showed separation of the subspecies of s. enterica except for two serotypes of subspecies ii which were unsuppo ... | 1998 | 9561735 |
| cellulitis caused by citrobacter diversus in a patient with multiple myeloma. | the most common cause of cellulitis is streptococci. coagulase-negative staphylococci and gram-negative bacteria, such as serratia spp., proteus spp., and other enterobacteriaceae may produce cellulitis in the immunocompromised patient. we report a case of citrobacter diversus-induced cellulitis, resembling streptococcal infection, in a patient with multiple myeloma. | 1998 | 9538959 |
| evaluation of use of a new chromogenic agar in detection of urinary tract pathogens. | chromagar orientation, a new chromogenic medium, was evaluated for the detection and differentiation of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms in 900 urine samples from hospitalized patients. performance characteristics of the medium were evaluated in comparison to those of 5% sheep blood and macconkey agars by direct inoculation of the urine samples on the three media. four gram-negative and two gram-positive strains as well as one yeast control strain from the american type ... | 1998 | 9542923 |
| multicenter evaluation of the in vitro activity of six broad-spectrum beta-lactam antimicrobial agents in puerto rico. the puerto rico antimicrobial resistance study group. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 6 broad-spectrum beta-lactam antimicrobial agents were determined by use of the etest versus a total of 569 bacteria in 7 puerto rican hospital laboratories. these included 342 recent clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, 63 pseudomonas aeruginosa, 54 acinetobacter species, and 110 oxacillin-susceptible staphylococci. extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was noted among 11% of klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. hyperproduction of amp c cephalospori ... | 1998 | 9554179 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activities of cefteram and other beta-lactam agents against recent clinical isolates]. | in vitro antibacterial activity of the third-generation oral cephem cefteram (cftm)--ten years after its first use in the clinical setting--against recent clinical isolates was evaluated and compared with those of other oral cephems. a total of 851 clinical isolates belonging to 13 species used in this study were collected from five medical institutions across japan during 1996. cftm showed excellent antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible s. aureus and s. pyogenes, equivalent to ... | 1998 | 9557273 |
| cefotaxime-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolates from a hospital in warsaw, poland: identification of a new ctx-m-3 cefotaxime-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase that is closely related to the ctx-m-1/men-1 enzyme. | a group of cefotaxime-resistant citrobacter freundii and escherichia coli isolates were collected by a clinical laboratory in a hospital in warsaw, poland, in july 1996. detailed analysis has shown that all of these produced a beta-lactamase (pi, 8.4) belonging to the ctx-m family, one of the minor extended-spectrum beta-lactamase families with a strong cefotaxime-hydrolyzing activity. sequencing has revealed that c. freundii isolates produced a new ctx-m-3 enzyme which is very closely related t ... | 1998 | 9559791 |
| enterobacteriaceae found in high numbers in fish, minced meat and pasteurised milk or cream and the presence of toxin encoding genes. | enterobacteriaceae were found in high numbers after storage at 7 degrees c in 6% of consumers packs of pasteurised milk or cream, in 31% of retailed fish and in 100% of retail packs of minced meat. seventy two fresh-water fishes, 40 packs of minced meat and 430 milk packs were sampled. one hundred and eighty four isolates were randomly picked from tryptone glucose extract (tge) agar (30 degrees c for 3d) or violet red bile glucose (vrbg) agar (37 degrees c for 1d). in minced meat, serratia lique ... | 1998 | 9562874 |
| osteomyelitis and septic arthritis due to citrobacter freundii and haemophilus influenzae type b. | this report describes dual infection with citrobacter freundii and haemophilus influenzae type b causing septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the elbow in a previously healthy 5-year-old boy. the patient was treated successfully with intravenous fosfomycin for 4 weeks. infections with citrobacter beyond the neonatal period are rare in paediatric patients. when citrobacter spp. is isolated, coinfection with other bacterial pathogens should be considered. | 1998 | 9568950 |
| resistance to oxyimino beta-lactams due to a mutation of chromosomal beta-lactamase in citrobacter freundii. | the duplicative mutation of an ala-val-arg sequence at positions 208 to 210 in the loop structure of enterobacter cloacae class c beta-lactamase caused substrate specificity extension to oxyimino beta-lactam antibiotics and this chromosomal mutation provided bacterial cells with high resistance to the beta-lactams (m. nukaga et al, 1995, j. biol. chem. 270, 5729-5735). in order to confirm the universality of this phenomenon among other class c beta-lactamases, the duplicative mutation was applie ... | 1998 | 9570281 |
| stool colonization of healthcare workers with selected resistant bacteria. | we examined the carriage of selected resistant bacteria in the stools of healthcare workers who provided direct patient care. neither vancomycin-resistant enterococci, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, nor clostridium difficile was recovered from the 55 stool specimens collected. a ceftazidime-resistant citrobacter freundii was isolated from one specimen. we conclude that the stool of healthcare workers is colonized infrequently with these resistant organisms. | 1998 | 9475348 |
| phosphatase activity and lead resistance in citrobacter freundii and staphylococcus aureus. | it has been previously reported that strains of citrobacter freundii and of staphylococcus aureus accumulated lead as pb-phosphate when grown on media supplemented with high levels of lead salts. phosphatase activity, which has been postulated to be involved in lead accumulation, was unrelated to lead resistance, resistant and sensitive cells displaying similar levels and patterns of enzyme activity. | 1998 | 9561741 |
| dna shuffling of a family of genes from diverse species accelerates directed evolution. | dna shuffling is a powerful process for directed evolution, which generates diversity by recombination, combining useful mutations from individual genes. libraries of chimaeric genes can be generated by random fragmentation of a pool of related genes, followed by reassembly of the fragments in a self-priming polymerase reaction. template switching causes crossovers in areas of sequence homology. our previous studies used single genes and random point mutations as the source of diversity. an alte ... | 1998 | 9440693 |
| purification and characterization of acid-type phosphatases from a heavy-metal-accumulating citrobacter sp. | an acid phosphatase from a heavy-metal-accumulating strain of a citrobacter sp. was resolved into two forms on the basis of their nonbinding (phosphatase i) or binding (phosphatase ii) behaviour on the cation-exchange resin sp-sephadex c50. both holoenzymes had a molecular mass of 103-108 kda as determined by superose q-6 column chromatography in the presence of 150 mm kcl and a subunit molecular mass of 27 kda as determined by sds-page; the enzyme was tetrameric. both enzymes had a pi approxima ... | 1998 | 9446688 |
| structure-based design of beta-lactamase inhibitors. 1. synthesis and evaluation of bridged monobactams. | bridged monobactams are novel, potent, mechanism-based inhibitors of class c beta-lactamases, designed using x-ray crystal structures of the enzymes. they stabilize the acyl-enzyme intermediate by blocking access of water to the enzyme-inhibitor ester bond. bridged monobactams are selective class c beta-lactamase inhibitors, with half-inhibition constants as low as 10 nm, and are less effective against class a and class b enzymes (half-inhibition constants > 100 microm) because of the different ... | 1998 | 9767633 |
| structure-based design of beta-lactamase inhibitors. 2. synthesis and evaluation of bridged sulfactams and oxamazins. | a series of bridged monocyclic beta-lactams activated by various groups on the beta-lactam nitrogen (x = och2co2h, oso3h) has been synthesized and evaluated. among them, the bridged sulfactams (x = oso3h) were found to be effective beta-lactamase inhibitors. they inhibit both class a and class c beta-lactamases. | 1998 | 9767634 |
| the prognostic factors of adult gram-negative bacillary meningitis. | seventy-seven patients with gram-negative bacillary meningitis (gnbm), 57 males and 20 females, aged 17-86 years, were identified at kaohsiung chang gung memorial hospital, over an 11-year period. fifty-four infections were community-acquired, and 23 were nosocomial; 49 were spontaneous and 28 occurred after head surgery or neurosurgery. the organisms most frequently involved were klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, and acinetobacter. rarer pathogens included citroba ... | 1998 | 9777518 |
| phylogenetic position of phytopathogens within the enterobacteriaceae. | the almost complete 16s rdna sequences of twenty nine plant-associated strains, representing species of the genera erwinia, pantoea and enterobacter were determined and compared with those of other members of the enterobacteriaceae. the species of the genus erwinia may be divided into three phylogenetic groups. cluster i represents the true erwinias and comprises e. amylovora, e. mallotivora, e. persicinus, e. psidii, e. rhapontici and e. tracheiphila. we propose to unite the species of cluster ... | 1998 | 9779605 |
| [citrobacter freundii, a rare cause of hepatic abscess]. | 1998 | 9780433 | |
| [an additional dehydrogenase or oxidation-reduction test in the classification of enterobacteria]. | the dehydrogenase (dhg) or oxidation-reduction test is proposed for use together with the determination of such enzymes as hydrolases, cytochrome oxidase, dehydrocarboxylase, urease, etc. 200 citrobacter freundii cultures and 76 strains of enteropathogenic escherichia (epe) were studied with the determination of their dhg activity in semiliquid mannitol and in kligler's medium. the study revealed that this test, characterized by the reduction of the indicator, similarly to that in salmonellae an ... | 1998 | 9783392 |
| [the use of random amplification of polymorphous bacterial dna for the typing of bacteria in the genus citrobacter]. | to obtain the profiles of randomly amplified dna, isolated from bacteria of the genus citrobacter, the method of polymerase chain reaction was used. nine oligonucleotides were evaluated for the possibility of their use as primers for the amplification of random polymorphous sequences of dna; of these, 2 oligonucleotides which generated profiles, sufficiently reproducible and typical for different c. freundii and c. diversus strains, were selected. the possibility of using the above oligonucleoti ... | 1998 | 9783404 |
| [a national multicenter study of the in-vitro activity of piperacillin-tazobactam. the spanish piperacillin-tazobactam group]. | the action of piperacillin-tazobactam on 4,137 of the 4,364 strains collected in a spanish multicenter study involving 46 participating hospitals was studied. the samples were from the following: 41% urine, 18% exuded from wound abscesses, 13% respiratory, 9% blood, 3% peritoneal liquid, and the remainder from other various sources. the gram-negative bacteria included 2,778 strains from 13 genera: escherichia (1,289), pseudomonas (451), proteus (230), klebsiella (203), haemophilus (172), enterob ... | 1998 | 9795299 |
| species specificity and tissue tropism of epec and related pathogens. | 1998 | 9807781 | |
| transferable class c beta-lactamases in escherichia coli strains isolated in greek hospitals and characterization of two enzyme variants (lat-3 and lat-4) closely related to citrobacter freundii ampc beta-lactamase. | among 2133 isolates of escherichia coli obtained during 1996 from 10 greek hospitals, 63 (3%) were resistant to cefoxitin. typing by eric2-pcr indicated that the cefoxitin-resistant (foxr) isolates were distinct. beta-lactamase studies and hybridization experiments showed that most strains produced beta-lactamases related to the ampc chromosomal cephalosporinase of citrobacter freundii. the enzymes were encoded by similar non-self-transmissible plasmids. the bla genes encoding two beta-lactamase ... | 1998 | 9818739 |
| three-dimensional structure of ampc beta-lactamase from escherichia coli bound to a transition-state analogue: possible implications for the oxyanion hypothesis and for inhibitor design. | the structures of ampc beta-lactamase from escherichia coli, alone and in complex with a transition-state analogue, have been determined by x-ray crystallography. the native enzyme was determined to 2.0 a resolution, and the structure with the transition-state analogue m-aminophenylboronic acid was determined to 2.3 a resolution. the structure of ampc from e. coli resembles those previously determined for the class c enzymes from enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. the transition-stat ... | 1998 | 9819201 |
| activity of a broad-spectrum cephalosporin (ro 48-8391) alone and in combination with two novel beta-lactamase inhibitors (ro 48-5545 and ro 48-8724). | the susceptibility of a group of beta-lactamase-producing and drug-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative organisms was tested against a novel cephalosporin (ro 48-8391) alone and in combination with two bridged carbacephem beta-lactamase inhibitors (ro 48-5545 or ro 48-8724) and compared with that of ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and cefepime (representative "third- and fourth-generation" cephalosporins), imipenem, and a combination of piperacillin and tazobactam. five hundred and one selected c ... | 1998 | 9823530 |